Animal Health Foundation (..^•jr**"""**** NOW-PROFIT ORB. 8338 Rosemead Boulevard U.S. POSTAGE PAID Pico Rivera, PERMIT NO. 242 California 90660 PICO RIVERA, CAL. ,

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=""« EDITOR'S NOTEBOOK

While readying "Without Compass or Map" (see page 10) for the press, we were delighted to spot a UPI story of Salty, a female dog that found its way home after walking nearly 300 miles of woods, fields, streams, roads and towns from a place she had never been before. Not as dramatic as some of the stories in our article, her travail again demonstrated the lengths a pet animal is prepared to go to rejoin what she «feiDE looks upon as her family. Salty's Official Journal of the Animal Health Foundation on animal care and health. owner, Mrs. Margie Labeff, living in a cramped flat in Detroit, gave the dog away to a family in suburban Sterling SPRING 1971 VOLUME 2 NUMBER 1 Heights. The Sterling Heights family kept Salty until she delivered a litter of puppies, then passed her on to a ARTICLES family in Sheboygan, Mich., 272 miles from Detroit. For three days Salty Pretty Pet Poisoners, Helen Claire Howes 9 stayed in a fenced yard at her newest Without Compass or Map, Vincent and Margaret Gaddis 10 home, then dug her way out. Eighteen The Many Causes of Skin Disease in Dogs days later, she was outside the Labeff home. "She really impressed us," William A. Howarth, D. V.M. stated an amazed Mrs. Labeff. "Salty's and D. R. Luck, D.V.M. 12 home for good now. We're not going Fleas: A Serious Menace to Cat's Health, W. A. Young, D. V.M 13 to let her go again." Amen. Test Your Pet Quotient 14 A Veterinarian Examines Dog Foods and Nutrition Robert W. Kirk, D. V.M. 16 Help Your Pet Grow Old Gracefully, C. E. DeCamp, D. V.M. 18 "You Can Help Your Dog Grow Old Gracefully" (page 18) is the last bit Pet Picture Pointers from Chandoha, Master of Animal Photos of writing by Dr. C.E. DeCamp. He Irving Desfor 19 died of a heart attack at his home in Through Animal Eyes, Eleanor Price 20 South Lansing, N.Y. shortly after Cat Vaccinations Do Prevent Rabies, Harvie R. Ellis D. V.M 22 sending off the article to Animal The Pet Set 26 Cavalcade. He was a new breed of veterinarian—a geriatrician. DEPARTMENTS An addendum to "Rabies Vaccina­ Pet Shopper 4 tion for Cats Really Works" (page 22): Your Pet's Own Book Store 6 A panel of top veterinary scientists Doctor's Advice 23 attending a Colloquium on Selected Feline Infectious Diseases at Cornell Animal Health News 24 University's Veterinary College en­ Animal Fun 30 dorsed the cat rabies vaccination pro­ posal made earlier by the U.S. Public Health Service. The panel stated with­ HARRY MILLER Editorial Director out reservation that low-egg passage Millwood A. Custer, D.V.M Small Animals Editor vaccination should not be used in cats, Charles H. Reid, D.V.M Equine Editor but that there were a number of vaccines available for felines. The Robert J. Schroeder, D.V.M Ecology & Public Health Editor panel recommended that initial vaccin­ Oscar W. Schalm, D.V.M Research Editor ation of a cat should be at 5 or 6 Wesley A. Young, D.V.M Exotic Animals Editor months of age. Bill Williams Art Director Laura Tracy Advertising Director This is a true story based on an Associated Press wire release: Sputnik Address all advertising and editorial communications to ANIMAL CAVALCADE, 11926 is an aging Clarksville, Texas, Boxer Santa Monica Blvd., Los Angeles, California, 90025. Area Code 213, 826-3647. All who knows a dog's best friend is his editorial correspondence and manuscripts must be accompanied by a stamped self- veterinarian. For years he has made addressed envelope. periodic visits with his owner to the office of a local practitioner, who CHANGE OF ADDRESS following treatment would tie the re-' quired medicines to the dog's neck and Be sure to notify us of your change of address at least six weeks before the change is direct the husky Boxer to amble made, including an address label clipped from your latest copy. Give both your old and home. One recent morning the veterin­ new address and include your Zip Code. Send your label to: Subscription Dept., Animal arian found Sputnik sprawled across Health Foundation, 8338 Rosemead Boulevard, Pico Rivera, Calif. 90660. his office steps, his left leg chewed in a brawl. When the door was opened COVER photo by Walter Chandoha. —Also see article on pg. 19 Sputnik hopped to the examination room. Four days later Sputnik got up, ANIMAL CAVALCADE is published quarterly by Continental Publishing Corp. for the Animal Health Foundation, 8338 Rosemead Blvd., Pico Rivera, Calif. 90660. Single copies tested his bandaged leg, and trotted 50#. 12-issue subscription, $5.00; two or more subscriptions, $4.00 each. Copyright, 1970 ome. Continental Publishing Corp. DOG, CAT, BIRD, RABBIT, Added to their food line for small HAMSTER, GERBIL, MONKEY, animals is the new Guinea Pig Treat TURTLE, FISH ... from 8 In 1 Pet Products, Inc., 100 Emjay Blvd., Brentwood, New York 11717. The manufacturer states that What pet is the treat is so formulated so that it will appeal also to rabbits, hamsters best for you and and gerbils. 8 In l's "Guinea Pig Pet Care Records, a new line of record­ Treat" is available in the six-ounce your family? ings which teaches children how to package featuring full color graphics. care for their pets has been introduced An added feature incorporated in the THIS BOOK TELLS YOU by Pet Productions, Inc., Dept. AC, packaging is the handy pour spout 1101 State Road, Princeton, New Jer­ located on the side of the box. sey 08540. The series of eight 12- minute records dramatizes the fun, care and training of puppies, dogs, kittens, gerbils, guinea pigs and hams­ ters, as well as birds, goldfish and tropical fish. Appealing particularly to children from four to twelve, the recordings are structured to impart all the basic facts a young pet owner • 1 should know about feeding, bathing, grooming, training and health tips for S his pet. The unique storybook style of *Ef the series is enhanced by the use of There is a trailer park where having a original music and easily remembered pet is mandatory in order to get a songs, plus such attention getting nov­ space, according to Eleanor Price, pet elties as goldfish that sing, dogs that journalist. It is the Welcome Pets talk and hamsters that chuckle. Trailer Park, located at 2429 Forney % Street, Los Angeles, Calif. If you are - thinking of moving to a trailer park and concerned about keeping your Dr. Whitney, America's best-known pet, this is one to be checked into. expert on pets, tells all the things Eleanor thinks more trailer parks you ought to know when you are would welcome tenants with pets if choosing a pet. He describes every the prospective tenants saw to better different kind and breed, tells .how behavior in their dogs. they act as pets, and explains the kind of care each one needs. His ;,«<• '-=•. u^r recommendations will guide you to Called Sprinkle, an aid for cleaning up the pet you'll be happiest with. pets' "accidents" is being introduced $6.95 by King Industries, Jaffrey, NH A brochure describing handcrafted 03452. Formulated to turn "messes" Dog carts for paralyzed pets is avail­ into solids quickly and odorlessly, the IF YOU'RE INTERESTED able from the K-9 Company, Dept. patented powdery cellulose substance IN GETTING A GUARD DOG AC, 532 Newton Road, Berwyn, Pa. forms a film over waste material, HERE'S THE BOOK YOU NEED 19312. The brochure answers ques­ absorbing the moisture and allowing it ^mmmmmmmm tions frequently posed by dog owners to be swept up with a broom and whose pets are handicapped but able dustpan. Available in two sizes. to walk on their front legs. The carts built by the company were designed Safety and kindness are combined in a by a veterinarian, originally for the use new cat halter, according to the manu­ of his paralyzed Dachshund patients. facturer, Commodity Sales, Dept. AC, The design has been adapted to fit all P.O. Box 468, Oshkosh, Wise. 54901. sizes of dogs. Introduced under the trade name Kindness the halter is designed to Holidays for Horsemen in Europe are buckle on top of the cat's back while being offered this summer by the he is in a natural standing position, Marendaz Travel Agy., 196 Trumbull thus eliminating struggle by the cat. i \ St., Hartford, Conn. 06103. The Sad­ Described as "escape and strangle dle Up in Spain tour, priced at $690, proof," the manufacturer maintains including air fare, for two weeks of that a cat may be picked up in the riding in the mountains of the south­ halter without a struggle or discom­ ern Iberian Peninsula. "Europe by fort, and that the animal cannot slip Horse," a two or three week itinerary, its head out of the halter. Made of This is the first complete, authori­ starts at $699. The first week is spent genuine leather, the 20 inch belly strap tative book on guard dogs ever has 14 holes spaced Vi inch apart; the published. Illustrated with photo­ at the Dutch Equestrian Center at graphs. $6.50 Deurne for riding instruction. The neck strap is 14 inches long and has 10 second week includes a trek between holes spaced at half-inch intervals. A Galway and Clifden on the west coast large "D" ring is located on the cross DAVID McKAY COMPANY, INC. piece for ease in snapping on a leash. 750 Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 of Ireland. An optional third week for $299 offers "rough riding" in the Suggested retail price of the Kindness Chianti vineyards and hills of Italy. halter is $3.00. 4 handily; but this sort of warfare was shortening the puppy's training period. rendered obsolete by the invention of Not only is Mr. Griffen's advice de­ firearms. pendable, but he covers situations that your pet s The zoology of the dog is examined most often occur in a dog's early life in chapters on the relationship of wild with hints that you might never have own and domestic dogs to each other and thought of. When and what to feed a to man; the ancestry and characters of puppy, how to bathe him, how to see the dog family; behavior patterns; ge­ that he enjoys riding in a car, giving netics and inheritance; and even the him first aid—these and other impor­ present and future lot of the dog. tant parts of dog care which are all too often left to chance, are covered here MY CAT'S IN LOVE (Or How to in full, so that the owner will not Survive Your Feline's Sex Life, Preg­ make well-meaning mistakes. For the nancy and Kittening) by Frank Monol- adult, this nicely illustrated volume is son, D. V.M. St. Martin's Press, 175 5th a proud possession, and for a young­ Avenue, New York, New York 10010 ster about to enjoy his first pet, it is a $6.95 necessity. Divided into three sections, the first covers the sexual behavior of the torn THE NA TURAL HISTOR Y OF DOGS and queen, plus information on non- EVERY HORSE OWNER'S CYCLO­ by Richard and Alice Fiennes. Natural fertile and altered cats; mating, preg­ PEDIA. I-Tex Publishing Co., Inc., History Press, 277 Park Avenue, New nancy and birth are fully explained in P.O. Box 457, Huntsville, Texas 77340 York, New York 10017 $7.95 the second section; and the third $9.95 This is a complete natural history covers kittens with a special chapter of Of special interest to horsemen is of the dog by the head of Department advice on raising abandoned strays. the issuance of a unique volume which of Pathology, Nuffield Institute of Dr. Manolson, a Canadian, who now offers fascinating historical insight into Comparative Medicine, the Zoological practices veterinary medicine in Lon­ horses and horsemanship in America Society of London, and his wife, who don, writes with clarity and humor, 100 years ago. Originally published in have had a life long interest in dogs. which is complemented by the line 1871, "Every Horse Owner's Cyclo­ Beginning with that first nebulous drawings of T.A. Steinlen. pedia" has been described as the most relationship between Stone Age man important and comprehensive work and wolves, the authors tell how man PUPPY OWNER'S HANDBOOK by ever published on the horse in Amer­ soon realized he could breed selective­ Jeff Griff en. Sterling Publishing Com­ ica. Over the years, copies of the book ly for an infinite variety of characteris­ pany, Inc. 419 Park Avenue South, have become extremely rare—the few tics. New York, New York, 10016 $3.95 existing copies being in private collec­ Next is the description of the Any new puppy owner will get an tions and a few libraries. changing roles dogs have played during enlightened view of his duties and The reprinted volume includes the the centuries of their fellowship with attitudes toward his pet from Jeff original work in its entirety, and car­ man. For instance, the Persians trained Griffen's wide-ranging book, the man­ ries a reproduction of the original battalions of war mastiffs to hurl uscript of which was found after his black and gold-foil stamped hard cov­ themselves at the enemy troops. With untimely death about a year ago. er. The 608 pages include 100 fine enemy spears put out of commission, Cooperation between pet and master wood and steel engravings. the Persians generally won their battles goes a long way to smoothing out and WHY DOES YOUR DOG DO THAT? by Dr. Goran Bergman. Howell Book House, Inc., 845 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022 $5.95 Ethology is the study of the forma­ tion of human character based on PET PRIDE biological, hereditary and environmen­ tal factors. Apply this definition to PET PRIDE, the 10 year old Foundation for Cats only, dogs and you discover what this book non-profit and educational in nature, national in scope, is is all about. Although firmly based on modern concerned with popularizing the cat as a family pet. This ethological research, this work does means working on the cats' problems from all angles. Pet not pretend to be a definitive, indis­ putable treatise. It is a lucid survey Pride has had great cooperation from Veterinarians in every simply written to help all dog owners, state. In 1970 it paid $45,000 worth of neutering and breeders, trainers and fanciers better understand why their dogs behave in spaying bills. Pet Pride extends a gesture of good will toward certain and often perplexing ways so the Veterinarians who help us to improve the cats' health, that, with the knowledge, both man and dog can better benefit from their diet, environment, and owners. We remind them that all we age-old relationship. The author, Dr. ask is that they go to the trouble of billing us for half, when Goran Bergman, is a distinguished Eur­ the needy cats are concerned. opean scientist as well as the life-long and devoted owner of a variety of breeds. He covers all aspects of dog behavior, the senses, hereditary behav­ Pet Pride, 15113 Sunset Blvd., Pacific Palisades, Calif. 90272. ior and ethological characteristics and 213/459-1703 limitations. Illustrated by the author, the book was translated from the Swedish by Joan Tate. New BOOKS on PET CARE

The Arco Book of Cats AFGHAN HOUND, The Complete $7.95 Constance Miller & Edward Gilbert Pond, Grace AIREDALE, The Complete Gladys Brown Edwards $7.95 2nd Edition Cats and kittens of all the recognized breeds ALSATIAN. The and varieties described by distinguished $5.95 6th Edition Schwabacher & Gray authority Grace Pond and illustrated in over ALSATIAN, Modern Bloodlines In The Nem Elliott $7.95 100 magnificent photographs, 36 of them in BASSET HOUND, The Complete Mercedes Braun $7.95 full, glowing color. They're all here—the 2nd Edition Tortoiseshells and Tabbies, the Chinchillas BASSET HOUND, The George Johnston $5.95 and Manx cats; the Burmese, Persians, and BEAGLE, The New Complete Noted Authorities curly-coated Devon Rex; the Abyssinian, em $4.95 2nd Edition Himalayan, and the extremely rare golden- BOSTON TERRIER, The Complete 2nd Edition Ethel Braunstein $6.95 coated Birman; the Pensford Cream and BOXER. The Complete Siamese. There is even a special section 3rd Edition Milo G. Denlinger $595 devoted to non-pedigree house pets. In BOXER, Judging The Enno Meyer $250 addition to giving all the essential informa­ BULLDOG, The New Complete 2nd Edition Col. Bailey C. Hanes $5.95 tion about standard show requirements, the BULL TERRIER, The Complete author provides invaluable advice on every 2nd Edition Ernest Eberhard $7.95 aspect of cat ownership: buying and innocu- CHIHUAHUA. The Complete Fourth Edition rev. by William Denlinger et al. $5.95 lating a kitten; feeding and grooming; travel; what to do when your cat has kittens; COLLIE, The Complete the Collie Club of America $595 neutering and spaying; and for owners of DALMATIAN, The $5.95 2nd Edition Eleanor Frankling pedigreed cats there are details about breed­ DOBERMAN PINSCHER, The Complete Noted Authorities $595 ing and showing. 2nd Edition $4.95 FOX TERRIER, The Complete (Smooth and Wire) $5.95 2nd Edition Evelyn Si[v e rnaiI FOX TERRIERS, All About George Frank Skelly $4.95 GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG, The Complete 4th Edition Jane Bennett et al $5.95 GERMAN SHEPHERD DOGS (Pictorial) Ernest Loeb $2.95 GERMAN SHORTHAIRED POINTER, The New 2nd Edition C. Bede Maxwell $7.95 Clipping and Grooming Your GOLDEN RETRIEVER, The 2nd Edition Joan Tudor $6.95 Poodle GREAT DANE, The New Complete 2nd Edition Noted Authorities $5.95 Stone, Pearl IRISH SETTER, The New 2nd Edition William C. Thompson $7.95 The owner and operator of the New York IRISH WOLFHOUND, The Complete School of Dog Grooming gives complete Alma J. Starbuck $7.95 3rd Edition clipping and grooming directions for clipping and grooming ""Coition TERR'ER' ThC COmP'ete Dr- E- s- Montgomery $795 poodles—from brushing, bathing, and drying LABRADOR RETRIEVER, The Complete to scissoring and clipping. Also included are Helen Warwick $7.95 2nd Edition how-to chapters on the Basic Clip, the Lamb MINIATURE SCHNAUZER, The Complete $795 2nd Edition Anne Paramoure Eskrigge Clip, Dutch Clip, Town and Country Clip, NORWEGIAN ELKHOUND, The Complete $7.95 Summer Clip, Puppy Clip and others. 2nd Edition Olav Wallo $4.95 PEKINGESE, The Quigley Book of the Dorothy A. Quigley $695 POMERANIAN, The New Complete 2nd Edition Viva Leone Ricketts $5.95 POODLE. The New Complete $12.50 5th Edition Hopkins & Irick CONTINENTAL PUBLISHING CORP. POODLES IN PARTICULAR, 2nd Edition Alice Rogers $4.95 11926 SANTA MONICA BLVD. POODLE CLIPPING & GROOMING, Complete Shirlee Kalstone $5.95 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90025 ST. BERNARD, The New Complete 2nd Edition Rex Roberts et al. $5.95 Gentlemen: Please send the following books: SAMOYED, The Complete Robert H. & Dolly Ward $7.95 SCHIPPERKE, The Official Book of The Edit, by Vella M. Root $5.95 SCOTTISH TERRIER, The Complete John T. Marvin $5.95

SKYE TERRIER, The Complete Dr. E. S. Montgomery $7.50 SPRINGER SPANIEL, The Complete English 2nd Edition Charles S. Goodall fc Julia Gasow $7.95 SPRINGER SPANIEL, The Popular Dorothy Morland Hooper $5.95 My check or money order for $_ is enclosed. This includes

TERRIERS, The Book of All John T. Marvin $6.95 price of book(s) plus 25* per book postage and handling. Sorry no C.O.D.'s. Calif. Res. please add 5% State Sales Tax. TOY DOGS, All About $6.95 2nd Edition Viva Leone Ricketts TOY MANCHESTER TERRIER, The Complete NAME- ADDRESS. Dixie Dempsey $4.95 CITY— -STATE_ _ZIP_ WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER, The D. Mary Dennis $5.95 forth

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736 pages 9 in. x 12 in. x 2 inches thick! 600 photographs and drawings 103 chapters and appendices Pictures and describes 117 AKC breeds

Details separate breeds and little-known dogs native to Europe and Asia 8 glossaries 3,000-entry index a STACKPOLE BOOK THE ^ NEW DOG ENCYCLOPEDIA caps three years of research, gathering, editing, and production in which America's fore­ most dog world leaders, experts, and professionals collaborated in developing this ex­ panded, updated successor to Henry Davis's Modern Dog Encyclopedia. Through these giant 736 pages, the dog owner, breeder, trainer, judge, showman, handler, veterinarian, pet shop or kennel owner quickly finds the answer to any question. This basic reference for home, club, or office reviews the world of dogs in the most complete in-print presentation of:

• how to select a dog to fit you and where you live • dog history from primitive times • the latest guidance on dog nutrition and commercially • breed classification in U.S., Canada, England, Ber­ prepared foods muda. Western Europe (F.C.I.), Germany, Scandi­ • kennels and kenneling navia, Spain • conditioning methods • Important rules and regulations of the American Ken­ • ways to make your dog always look his best nel Club, the United Kennel Club, Inc.. the Kennel • tips for transporting your dog in the 50 states and to Club of England, the Bermuda Kennel Club; useful 44 countries around the world details about the Canadian Kennel Club • new findings in dog psychology and behavior • 117 AKC-recognized breeds—sporting dogs, hounds, • successful puppy training techniques working dogs, terriers, toys, non-sporting dogs- • suggestions for easy planning and preparing for dog background and characteristics; dozens of other breeds known and recognized around the world show participation • dog ailments, anatomy, physiology, and first aid • where to find active organizations anywhere, the field • dog breeding and care dog stud book, other stud books and registers The New Dog Encyclopedia wraps up the whole CONTINENTAL PUBLISHING CORP. world of dogs for family, businessman, manu­ 11926 SANTA MONICA BLVD. facturer of dog products, sportsman, or profes­ LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90025 sional showman. The more than 600 photographs Please ship copies of The New Dog Encyclopedia at $24.95 each* Enclosed is my and drawings; eight separate glossaries of dog- check for . I understand that if related terms; 3000-entry index; round-the-world . I am not completely satisfied I may return the coverage; unmatched research into dogdom's I above within ten days for a full refund. past, needs, and potential; and indispensable please add your state sales tax detail on care and health helps you insure any I Name. dog—finely bred champion or beloved mutt—a [ Address. full, happy, companionable life. I City State. Zip. Some house, garden and wild plants are poisonous and can be fatal to animals retty

oisoners CASTOR BEAN by HELEN CLAIRE HOWES

Animals, domestic as well as wild, have caused death. Poinsettia leaves seem to have an inborn sense of what can also be fatal if eaten. Sweet peas, to eat and what not to eat. There are rosary peas, and the seed of the castor times, however, when this inner moni­ bean are killers; one or two of the tor seems to fail them. When pasture- latter can even kill adults. Mistletoe land is unproductive in drought and berries have caused death in both their usual food supplies are absent, children and adults; they should be OLEANDER pastured or range cattle, horses and kept out of the way of pets. sheep have poisoned themselves eating Garden plants can be a threat to toxic vegetation to satisfy their hun­ pets too. Foxglove leaves (one of the ger. sources of digitalis) stimulate the heart Household pets, if properly fed, do and may be fatal. Bleeding heart foli­ not have this excuse for indulging in age and roots have even proved fatal to bizarre tastes, but the fact is that some cattle. The leaf blades of rhubarb can do nibble at house plants or the wrong cause convulsions, coma and death in garden plants. young children and are no less danger­ A possible reason for a seemingly ous to young animals. All part of the perverse appetite is simple boredom. laurel, rhododendron and azaleas can Puppies and kittens are often left be fatal if eaten. The twigs and foliage alone in the house when the master or of wild or cultivated cherry contain a mistress is away. The lonely little pet, compound that releases cyanide wher, interest in his toys exhausted, begins eaten. to play with a leaf or trailing vine Plants growing wild in the fields hanging from the window sill. Perhaps should be watched too if the puppy a shining leaf gleams in the sunshine as takes an undue interest in them. All it moves. He nibbles a bit; it hasn't parts of the nightshade can be fatal, WILD CHERR Y much taste, but he has nothing else to and the poison hemlock, which re­ do so he chews a little more, and soon sembles a large, wild carrot. (This he is a very sick animal. A young male made the brew that poisoned Soc­ Siamese died after eating the leaves of rates.) Jimson weed (stinkweed) con­ dieffenbachia (dumb cane)—that popu­ tains stramonium which causes distort­ lar spotted house plant, as deadly to a ed vision, delirium and coma. It is a cat as cyanide. common cause of poisoning in chil­ Dr. Robert C. Williams, Canadian dren and may be nibbled by free-run­ veterinarian who tried to save the ning pets. While pets will probably not JIMSON WE. Siamese, says that such deaths occur eat poison ivy or poison oak, they can very often. "The number of deaths bring home on their fur (and brush off among cats from eating house plants is on their owner) the oil that causes the very high. Another popular house intense itching and blisters. plant, the philodendron (leaves shaped In the house you may try to keep like elephant ears) is, like dieffen­ your plants on a high mantle but there bachia, one of the deadliest killers if it is scarcely a shelf high enough to is eaten. In one research report, out of daunt a determined cat. If you believe 72 cases of philodendron poisoning in your pet to have eaten the leaves of cats, 37 deaths resulted. Pine needles some poisonous plant, take him to a Representative /planjs that can cause are another source of poison and veterinarian without delay. If he is problems in peis( sketched by Dr. danger to cats. When a cat eats them, conscious, try to make him vomit with John M. Kingsbury, professor of Bot­ the results are usually fatal." a teaspoonful of salt on the back of his any at the New York State College of Many other plants are poisonous if tongue, but if he is in a coma don't Agriculture, Cornell University. Repro­ eaten by humans and can be fatal to waste time with first aid. Wrap him up duced by permission from Dr. Kings­ animals as well. The leaves and branch­ and take him (with leaves of the plant) bury's book "Deadly Harvest", a pop­ es of oleander can affect the heart, to the nearest animal clinic. ular guide to common poisonous produce severe digestive upset and plants. 9 Remarkable examples of the directional and homing instinct by members of the animal kingdom

COMPASS

MAP by VINCENT and MARGARET GADDIS After apparently walking 1500 miles from Oklahoma, 6-year-old Snoopy relaxes with Dennis and Evelyn Cook in their Oildale, Calif home. The cat's trip took 3% months.

Mr. Wilson Rittenhouse, a rural creatures, but extends throughout California, came to them as a duckling. mail carrier of Milford, New Jersey, most of the animal kingdom. As she grew older and larger the had a problem. In his prized vegetable Young turtles, newly hatched on couple decided she would be happier garden a turtle was feeding on his land, crawl straight to the water. with some companions in Echo Park tomatoes. He had no wish to share the Pet toads hop home. Teddy, a big Lake. But about a year later she, too, products of his labor and decided that one, lived in a garden in Wakefield, came home. She had to travel some deportation would be the answer. Massachusetts. His owner, F. H. Sid­ nine miles through midcity congestion While on his mail route the following ney, decided to experiment and Teddy to make it. day, he deposited the turtle along the the toad became the "goat." Sidney Even hogs can be homers. The roadside a mile and a half from his fastened a tiny identification tag to Canadian Journal of Agriculture once home. Teddy's leg, placed him in a box, and reported the case of a pig that swam a Two weeks later the turtle was took him on a night train to a station mile across a lake to rejoin its mother. back, again feasting on tomatoes. Rit­ about eight miles away. At 10:30 P.M. In the days of sailing vessels they were tenhouse marked the shell and took he released the toad. Shortly after 6 carried on shipboard to serve as emer­ the animal a mile and a half in another P.M. the next evening, a dusty and gency compasses. If the ship was lost direction. Another two weeks and the weary Teddy came hopping into the or in danger, the hog was thrown into gourmet returned the second time. In garden as Sidney was watering his the sea. Instinctively it would head for desperation Rittenhouse placed the plants. the nearest land. turtle in a box, drove across the Horses can find their way back. Bud, a collie, found his way from Delaware River bridge into Pennsyl­ Charlie lived on a farm on the English- Albuquerque, New Mexico, to Fort vania, and continued on for five miles Welsh border. In the autumn of 1958 Scott, Kansas—almost eight hundred —a total distance of about ten miles. he was sold to Mrs. Anne Tomkin, of miles. The dog had been shipped by That's quite a distance for a turtle, but Dunmow, England. Three months later rail to Albuquerque in a crate. He at the rate of travel he had first in midwinter, Charlie became home­ returned home eight months later by exhibited he should have been back in sick and sniffed the air for a Welsh foot. the garden in around fourteen weeks. breeze. As nearly as his course could Thirteen-year-old Delia Shaw, crip­ Four years passed. One day Mrs. be plotted, he made it at about twenty pled and dumb from birth, and Stub­ Rittenhouse went into the garden, miles a day, swimming eight rivers, by, a mongrel, lived with Delia's grand­ gave a cry of surprise, and called to her crossing five major highways and two parents, Mr. and Mrs. Harry McKinzie, husband. Their marked turtle was railway lines to reach his old home. in Colorado Springs, Colorado. In home, once more gorging himself on Heavily populated areas and urban 1948 McKinzie remained home while tomatoes. traffic are no barriers to homing his wife and granddaughter, accompa­ The directional or homing instinct ducks. Sophia, who belonged to Mr. nied by Stubby, went to Indianapolis is by no means limited to migrating and Mrs. J. W. Meehan of Los Angeles, to visit relatives. They stayed four 10 Condensed by permission from "The Strange World of Animals and Pets' months, then set out for home in a bedraggled ball of fluff leaped through had been born with a bobbed tail. His truck containing some furniture. an open window onto Mrs. Woods' father had been half English sheepdog, Somewhere between Indianapolis and shoulder. It rubbed against her neck a tailless breed used for centuries to Decatur, Illinois, Stubby jumped or ecstatically, joyously purring. Could it pasture flocks alone and drive off the fell out of the truck. be Sugar? wolves of an earlier Britain. In addi­ A year and a half went by until a Mr. Woods couldn't believe a cat tion he had distinctive markings—scars day in late March of 1950, when could hike or hitchhike about fourteen resulting from injuries and three miss­ McKinzie happened to walk by a hundred miles. Then he recalled that ing teeth. house where they had lived before the Sugar had a peculiarly deformed hip­ These distinctions enabled Colonel Indiana trip. There was Stubby on the bone from a broken right rear leg in E. Hofer, president of the Oregon sidewalk, just sitting, staring vacantly kittenhood. He ran his hand over the Humane Society, to launch an investi­ into space. His footpads were swollen cat's flank and felt the deformity. It gation and give wide publicity to and bleeding, his body bloated from was Sugar! Bobbie's amazing feat. Hundreds of hunger. Dirty and dazed, he hardly Collies seem to be unusually sensi­ letters were received by the society seemed to recognize McKinzie when tive to the homing instinct and its from persons who had seen or be­ he called to him. But when the grand­ mysterious guidance, perhaps because friended the dog on his long trip west. father took the dog home to Delia, they originated in the Scotch High­ The reports were analyzed and love broke through exhaustion, and lands, a land of mist whose people checked; questionable ones were elimi­ the dog and his young mistress told often have "the sight." nated. From these accounts, and per­ each other without words just how The most famous collie of his day sonal interviews, Charles Alexander they felt about it. and one of the most remarkable dogs was able to tell the tale of Bobbie's Schultz, a German shepherd war of all time, was Bobbie, who made his long journey in his book, Bobbie: A dog, hoofed it some two thousand way alone and afoot from Indiana to Great Collie of Oregon. miles from Wakarusa, Indiana, to Seat­ Oregon. Frank Brazier, owner of a restau­ tle, Washington, to be with his master. A large dog, tawny and white in rant in Silverton, Oregon, was the Pfc. Richard B. Anthony said he had color, Bobbie was easily identified—he dog's master. On / cont. pg. 27 shipped the dog to his mother in Wakarusa because Schultz didn't get along with Blackie, the mascot dog at the U.S. Marine Base near Seattle Salty, a black and white mongrel, was recently left in Sheboygan, Mich., and where he was stationed. found her way to her home in Detroit in eighteen days. Officers at the Marine Corps Re­ cruiting Office identified Schultz and said he had been born into the corps in 1942. He had served with the Marines in China during World War II, and wore an identification tag bearing his picture, serial number and his earlier name of "Sgt. Hardy of the 3rd Marines." Schultz's toenails were worn down when he arrived in Seattle, but otherwise he was in good shape. Cats, too, are homers. While some security-seeking cats will give their home prime consideration and accept changing families with unconcern, there are others that possess a doglike devotion to the humans they own. Such a cat was Cookie who owned and was owned by Florence Sunderlin. She was shipped 550 miles from Chica­ go to Wilber, Nebraska, by railway express. Six months later she was back home in Chicago. And there was Tommy, a feline of dubious heritage, who came back to his Seattle, Washington, home from Palo Alto, California, a distance of 850 miles. Owner B. F. Sanders said his torn had disappeared while he was visiting in California a year and a half earlier. The Stacy W. Woods family moved from Gage, Oklahoma, to Anderson, California, taking with them their yel­ low cat, Sugar. In June, 1951, the family decided to return to Gage, and left the cat behind with a friend. Sugar stayed with the friend about two weeks, then vanished. Fourteen months later, in August, 1952, Mr. and Mrs. Woods were milk­ ing in their barn at Gage when a published by Cowles Book Co., Inc., New York, copyright 1970 by Vincent and Margaret Gaddis. the many causes of SKIN DISEASES in dogs by WILLIAM A. HOWARTH, D.V.M. and D. R. LUCK, D.V.M.

When your dog hasn't been himself woes: intense itching, hair loss, dry Contact allergies resulting from the lately and now that you think about rashes and moist eczemas. dog coming in touch with grass, wool­ it, he's been scratching a bit and Skin ailments are recognized as en rugs, chemically treated floors or rolling and squirming on his back—a being among the most complicated certain kinds of bedding may result in normal canine practice—give it a sec­ and serious of canine problems. They Shelties, for example, may be extreme­ ond thought. can cause other ailments or result from ly sensitive to sunlight, especially Could it be that he's suffering from improperly performing body func­ around the nose where skin pigments one of the most common and uncom­ tions. may be absent. Some liver malfunc­ fortable ailments known to man or his Intense itching may result from tions can also cause a dog to be best friend—a skin disease? That sheer nervousness in a high-strung dog exceedingly sensitive to sunlight. second thought and a close look at the or an allergy. Cysts and warts, particu­ While diet is all too often blamed dog's coat and the skin beneath may larly in aging dogs, will cause itching for a host of skin problems, it is still a reveal that the coat as a mirror of and the animal will continually scratch fundamental factor to be examined in general health is tarnished by one or the afflicted area. dogs suffering from itching, particular­ more of the four basic types of skin Certain breeds of dogs, Collies and ly where dandruff is evident on the skin. Continued scratching may be secondary to an injury or infection under the skin. In such cases treatment of the infection if indicated or anal /A J t glands may ease the pet's discomfort and end the scratching. / l / / One of the most common skin / i ./ i ailments is hair loss and here again diet ' must be inspected as a contributing, if not causative factor. Hormone problems are one of the — most common causes of continual and/or excessive hair loss. Faulty func­ tioning of the thyroid and sex organs can cause a variety of skin changes. In females, ovarian and uterine functions during heat, pregnancy, nursing and weaning can have a direct bearing upon skin and coat health and appear­ t * ance. Parasitic diseases also cause itching and hair loss. The effect of the parasite ^v- • • •; yv itself—mites, ticks, fleas—can be com­ plicated by allergic reactions to the • parasites. Skin infections such as ringworm •. cause localized hair loss while more general coat problems may result from m liver or kidney ailments. • < Dry rashes along the stomach and «i«:«ifcf c legs are reddened, slightly raised areas Diagram showing mechanical damage to dog's skin by burrowings of mites, saliva that sometimes itch. Some dogs are of fleas and irritation of lice. External parasites are only one cause of common allergic to raw bones, diet, allergies, canine skin problems. Illustration courtesy of Norden Laboratories, Inc. parasites and diseases such as distem­ per may be responsible. 12 a dry rash. But of all the dog-goned problems a serious with skin ailments, moist eczemas are probably the most painful and diffi­ cult to deal with quickly and effective­ menace to ly. Most afflictions of this type seen by the veterinarian are characterized t\&& your cats by an area of matted hair where moisture is trapped close to the skin. by W. A. YOUNG, D.V.M. The cause is often neglect of the dog's grooming. Bacteria thrive in the knot­ health ted, matted area and with moisture Various external parasites attack powder alone will be sufficient. Some­ and body heat the infection spreads. cats, but the flea is probably the most times it is necessary to thoroughly The dog scratches away, further offensive. There are many different dust the hair coat with powder and to spreading the disease and often in­ types of fleas. However, they all do wrap the animal in a cloth or blanket creasing the inflammation and serious­ essentially the same thing—multiply for 10 to 15 minutes; then unwrap and ness of the foul-smelling infection. rapidly during the warm season of the brush the excess powder and stupefied While neglect in grooming the pet year, and make life very unpleasant for fleas onto a square of paper or cotton may be one cause, moist eczemas also cats and some humans. flannel, lint side up. This collection of result in clipping too closely while Successful control of the flea de­ fleas should then be destroyed, and a cutting the hair with clippers or by pends principally upon removing fleas little powder applied every day or two bearing down too hard while combing and eggs from the host cat, and by to prevent reinfestation. To prevent particularly difficult areas of hair. disinfecting living quarters and apply­ reinfestation, some safe brand of ver­ Once again the infinitely complex ing something to the animal to prevent min spray or insect powder should be inter-play between hormones, para­ re-infestation. Cleaning of the animal, used throughout the house. sites, allergies, dietary surpluses or house, cattery, etc., should be done on To bathe a cat that really objects to deficiencies must be recognized as the same day. The clean animal should the bathing process, it is advantageous possible factors in bacterial type skin not be permitted to go to an unclean to use a strong denim bag, rub soap diseases. place for a nap, only to return again inside the bag, place the cat in the bag While diagnosis and treatment of thoroughly infested with fleas. with its head out, and pull the draw­ such ailments may be difficult and If the animal is badly infested, it string about the animal's neck. Water prolonged the dog owner should keep should be bathed with a good flea can be soaked through the bag, and in mind that some of these skin soap. After the animal is dry, some the sides of it used as a brush to problems can be transmitted to hu­ flea powder should be dusted on to successfully shampoo the cat regard­ mans. prevent a new collection of fleas. If less of its dislike for the water. Bitches particularly should be ex­ the animal is fairly free of fleas, the amined for contagious skin diseases for it isn't uncommon for entire litters of Denim bag simplifies cat bathing. pups to become infected with some of the more serious diseases to the degree the litter must be destroyed. The sources of skin troubles are virtually endless in the canine. Plastics, metals, commercial dog foods, soaps, medications, newspapers, wood shav­ ings or even earth—may cause skin discomforts in some dogs while having no detrimental effects upon others. Conscientious, well-informed own­ ers are dogs' best health aid. Regular, frequent grooming, occasional bathing (once every three months should be sufficient) and recognition of seasonal and biological functions (especially in females) are a foundation for main­ taining canine health. Treatment for most skin ailments must be specific and it should be recognized that the veterinarian is often faced with a difficult task in diagnosing what the problem is and how it is best treated. Successful treat­ ment may require a simple change in diet or the use of the most modern of scientific procedures to determine the way to eradicate the problem. The awareness of the veterinarian of geographic situations, time of year and peculiar local factors affecting strictly clinical problems has often speeded the recovery of an infected pet and minimized the cost and incon­ venience to the dog owner. 13 >rt^

N

1) T F Dogs and cats are traditional 13) T F Canary cocks and hens both sing household pets. Dogs were sacred beautifully. in ancient Egypt and cats were friends of the cavemen. 14) T F The safest surest cure for a cat with tree climbing ambitions is to 2) T F Canaries have been domesticated leave him alone until he decides to for over 500 years. come down.

3) T F Today, the budgerigars (budgies) 15) T F You should be able to housebreak or small parakeets outnumber dogs your puppy at the age of three (3) and cats as pets. months.

4) T FA good sized dog may start living 16) T F If a cat fight occurs you should let outside during the summer when them fight it out. he is six (6) weeks old. 17) T F A bird which is not tame enough 5) T F Cats are so independent and easily to return to its cage of its own free adjusted that they will live com­ will when it is allowed out, should fortably in the garage or basement. not be kept in a cage at all.

6) T F The cage of a pet house bird may 18) T F If your canary is moulting, you be placed almost anywhere. should brush him vigorously.

7) T F Generally speaking, dogs and cats react and may be treated in much 19) T F Frequent brushing will reduce dog the same manner. odors.

8) T F Anyone can train a dog. 20) T F Canaries will bathe in a saucer of water but parrots and budgies must 9) T F A 20-30 foot length of rope should be sprayed. be tied around your dog's body in order to break him of chasing cars. 21) T F You should always keep your cat's nails properly manicured. 10) T Your dog's name should not be more than two (2) syllables. 22) T F Cats should be bathed regularly.

11) T F Birds take kindly to captivity. 23) T F If you feed raw eggs to your dog, it will keep his coat shiny. 12) T F Cats are so independent that it is usually impossible to teach them 24) T F Raw fresh water fish should be tricks. included in your cat's diet. 14 25) T A hungry bird may get a chill and die.

26) T F Milk is a "must" for all cats.

27) T F In order to make your cat a good hunter, you can cut down on his food.

28) T F Dogs who bolt their food tend to have indigestion. TEST 29) T F Grit, sand and a cuttle fish bone are essential to a bird's diet. 30) T F If your dog's nose is cold, you can your reasonably assume he is in good health. 31) Check the following statements individ­ pet ually as TRUE or FALSE:

T F a) Lean meat is the most important part of a good diet for dogs. quotient T F b) Raw meat will make a dog wild or vicious.

T F c) Raw meat can cause worms.

T F d) Sulfur, garlic or raw onions will cure worms.

32) T F Pure bred dogs require a special diet.

33) T F If your cat acts a little sick, there is nothing to worry about. He's prob­ ably "gold-bricking". On the West Coast recently there was held, under the joint sponsorship of Compsych Sys­ 34) T F Cats, unlike dogs, do not catch tems, Inc., and the Los Angeles Society for the rabies. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, an Animal Seminar designed to improve the understanding 35) T F Hairballs do not pose a serious of the special pet in the life of each person problem for cats. attending. As part of the Seminar, every person was asked to take the test that follows, circling 36) T F Canaries will mate in captivity, but each statement TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Through the courtesy of Compsych Systems, parrots will not. Inc., you now have the opportunity of trying the test yourself. 37) T F Your cat should be bred so that Data copyrighted Compsych Systems, Inc., she may lead a happy fulfilled life. 2444 Wilshire Blvd., Santa Monica, CA. 90403. 38) T F A pet's birth cycle is an excellent education for children.

39) T F Neutering either a dog or a cat has a negative effect on their personal­ Answers will be found on page 25 ities and tends to make them fat and lethargic.

40) T F Most cats enjoy riding in a car. / cont. pg. 25 15 EXAMII DOG FOODS and NUTRITION

Excerpts from a talk by Dr. Kirk at a Small Animal Nutrition Work­ shop, held at the Ohio State Univer­ sity College of Veterinary Medicine under the joint auspices of the University and the Gaines Dog Re­ search Center. Dr. Kirk is chairman of the Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery and director of the Small Animal Clinic, New York State Veterinary College, Cor­ nell University. by ROBERT W. KIRK, D.V.M.

73% to 78% water content, and there Dogs like these foods; they are very The Federal Trade Commission re­ are several different kinds. One is a palatable. They are preserved without cently passed some "guide lines" in "straight" pack ... all beef, all chick­ refrigeration by the use of humectants, regulating advertising practices and en or other meats, and they contain which keep the moisture in. one of these concerns dog foods. I about 500-700 calories per lb., de­ The dry dog foods fall into several think this is a good thing, and I'm sure pending on the amount of fat present. different types: biscuits or kibble, most responsible dog food companies They are appetizing, and they appeal meals, pellets and expanded chunks. think so, too. The industry has come a to the dog in palatability, but it must Kibbles and biscuits, which are hard- long way and does all it can to be remembered that they are not a baked at high temperatures, contain improve nutrition for the dog. Obvi­ balanced diet, especially in the cal­ about 1,400 calories per lb. and the ously, there is an economic factor to cium-phosphorus ratio. The same is moisture content is low, about 8%. be considered, and advertising, of true of frozen meat. The dry meals, in the form of either course, is part of the game. But there Another type of canned food is a flakes or pellets, are complete foods are some 150 to 200 products on the complete, balanced ration because cer­ and the palatability has been improved shelves from which to choose; how do eals, minerals, vitamins and other in­ in recent years. They have a little you decide on a proper food or where gredients have been added. It is a higher caloric content, about 1,500 it can be used most rationally? pudding-like mixture and contains calories per lb., with 10% or less Dog foods are divided generally about 500 calories per lb. There is moisture. They keep well in a cool into three categories, depending on the about 74% water content and a dog place and are definitely a good type of moisture present and also on the calor­ may have to eat a lot for his energy food for a large kennel or big breeds of ic content. They are also divided into needs. dogs because they are economical. The two main types: (1) complete, bal­ The second type of dog foods is the flaky meal has small, fine particles anced rations and (2) incomplete ra­ intermediate-moisture or soft-moist which sift to the bottom of the bag tions. It would be well if labels stated foods. These are all balanced, com­ and thus the palatability may not clearly whether a food is all the dog plete diets with about 1,300 calories remain throughout. When the same needs or if it is not a complete diet per lb., and 25% moisture. These have formula is compressed into pellets, it and to be used as a supplement. excellent biological value protein and a doesn't sift out into separate ingredi­ Among the dog foods available are dense concentration of calories. Be­ ents. the "wet," which are canned foods, cause of that, the owner is often The expanded type of meal is richer frozen foods, etc. They have about inclined to overfeed this type of food. in calories, about 1,600 or more per 16 lb., with 10% or less moisture. It is want to take the trouble. So the best Many dog food companies use re­ extruded through a fast, pressure-type way for the serious amateur to make production to judge how completely cooker, dried slowly and then sprayed up his own diet is to start with a good, nutritional a diet is. Perhaps it would with fat so there is a coating on the complete meal and then add meat or be better to use antibody production. outside which makes the palatability whatever he wants but not more than It used to be that when a thin, better than other dry foods. The ex­ 25% of the total. If he sticks to that scrawny puppy was presented for vac­ panded foods adapt particularly well 25% supplementation, he is not going cination, we put it off so the puppy to self-feeding, a method that is a to upset the balance too much. could be built up for a couple of boon to large kennels. We find, also, In most cases, supplements are not weeks before the stress of vaccination. that some of the best-fed pets are on needed. In an individual case a supple­ But work done by Dr. Ben Sheffy on self-feeding. ment may be indicated. When it is, it antibody production showed that A few dogs can't be fed this way should be based on the source of though there is some slight depresssion because they overeat, and these have deficiency. If calcium is required, with severe deficiencies of some ele­ to be put back on regular feeding. But don't add bone meal. Add calcium ments (most of these are the amino about 85 to 90% of dogs eat only what without the phosphate. One exception acids or B complex type vitamins), is required to meet their individual to supplementation is a good quality unless a pup is moribund he will caloric needs when food is kept avail­ protein with high biological value, produce antibodies. They may taper able. particularly for a lactating bitch with off some, but it is much better to give There are special prescription diets growing puppies. Meat, eggs, dairy that immunization than to put it off. which have various uses. Many are products can improve the amino acid This has changed our philosophy in high-quality products designed for spectrum. But it is possible to overload vaccinating young puppies and we go special uses. If needed they should be in this respect, also. We had a case of a ahead rather than waiting. fed, but they should also be evaluated very fine Vizsla bitch with a beautiful Environmental temperature is a ma­ as to a definite need. Often, after a litter. On the advice of someone (not jor stress. It has been shown that dogs period of time, the dog can go back on us) her owner had given her a half to on self-feeding, living outdoors, eat regular food. The biggest desirable one lb. of liver every day while she was more when it becomes cold; then feature of prescription diets is that the in whelp. It is remarkable that she when their coats thicken, they won't formula doesn't vary. didn't have severe diarrhea with this eat as much, because they don't need There are three things that make a tremendous amount. Her puppies were as many calories to keep warm. Their food appealing to a dog. First, "mouth born reasonably well, but they grad­ intake balances with the temperature. feel." The same dry meal can be mixed ually became crippled and deformed When spring brings warm weather, the with liquid to be very dry, a slightly and several died when one or two dog doesn't shut off his intake right crumbly mixture, or a sloppy mixture. months old. These pups had vitamin A away and will gain weight. But as he Some dogs like it the first way, some levels about 1,200 times the normal loses his thick coat, he begins to eat like it the second way, some the third requirement. This is an example of less and eventually his food intake and way. Very often just changing the what excessive supplementation can body weight balance out. This varies, consistency will make a dog like the do. because it is not only coat insulation same food he refuses to eat when it is The whole philosophy of feeding but the individual's metabolic rate that mixed another way. People should dogs is a balanced diet. Physiologic influences caloric needs. recognize this factor in feeding dogs stress imposes little change. The stud Lt. Col. James H. McNamara of the and cater to the individual dog's dog does not need a special diet. He USAF V.C. has reported on weight "mouth feel." should be well nourished but lean and loss that occurs among dogs under Second, the amount of animal pro­ vigorous. The bitch should be lean, physical or psychological stress. These tein present. Vegetable protein may be also, in hard, tough condition, well include racing dogs, hunting dogs and as good, but it does decrease palat­ exercised. During the fifth or sixth sentry dogs. McNamara's work con­ ability. Most of the larger companies week of gestation the quality of pro­ cerned army dogs under stress in high making a complete balanced ration use tein in her diet can be increased. temperatures. It was found that a dog a standard formula. This formula goes During lactation her energy needs real­ can lose as much as 10% of its body into a computer and it is all figured ly increase, and she should be fed weight in a 6-hour tour of duty. A out as to the amino acid spectrum and several times a day. Her nutrition is common problem with sentry dogs in other essentials so that it comes out not so critical when she has only two hot weather areas was refusal of a relatively the same, each batch. puppies, but with three or more there portion of their daily ration of food Third, fat content, which gives pal­ is real stress. Lactation is an all-or- and resultant weight loss, which direct­ atability, particularly animal fat. Al­ none phenomenon. The cells either ly affected their efficiency, as well as though vegetable fats may be more rupture and produce milk, or they their state of health. desirable in the spectrum of essential don't. If the bitch doesn't have enough As temperature increases above fatty acids, the taste of animal fat has energy, they don't. 80 F, the working dog's caloric re­ more appeal for dogs. When there is a large litter, feed quirements increase. During high tem­ The "serious amateur" sometimes those puppies just as early as they will perature periods (80 to 120 F), the likes to formulate his own diet for his take food ... the 18th or 20th day average weight loss may range from 12 dogs. He may want to use some . . . puppy foods or soft-moist food to 20 lbs., just as similar problems may potatoes, toast, eggs, meat, etc. But made into a gruel or a prescription diet be experienced in areas of extreme how much of each? Well, he should designed for this purpose. Puppies cold. McNamara found that by increas­ write down each ingredient and the allocate their nourishment in this or­ ing the caloric density of the ration exact amount of each. Then he must der: (1) growth of vital organs, (2) and the density of protein in a bal­ get the nutrition tables together and skeletal elements, (3) muscle mass, (4) anced way, the total food volume balance out each ingredient, one fat. It is most important for puppies to needed was reduced. With the dense against another, to see if his formula is get colostrum, available in the dam's caloric ration, the dogs did not have to meeting the requirements. It can't be milk during the first 24 hours after eat a great amount of food to get the done by rote, but requires careful birth. This milk not only has anti­ calories they required for efficiency in figuring; everything must be in bal­ bodies but more protein and more fat their work. Dogs were similarly affect­ ance. Not many people can do this or than in the later milk. ed in high humidity. 17 exercise, so an adjustment to these inarians, the danger is minimized. needs may result in reduction of over­ Better anesthetics for short, minor weight and improvement of general operations, and also for longer opera­ health. The importance of the amount tions enable the practitioner to pro­ of drinking water, and its being easily vide comfort and adequate care to the available, is not always appreciated by elderly animal with safety in very wide the older dog's owner. It is as impor­ limits. Tranquilizers are also helpful your pet tant as any substance of the ration, when it is to the elderly animal's essential in proper digestion and par­ welfare to be gently quieted so they ticularly activity of the kidneys, which may easily go through what could GROW may not be fully active as the result of otherwise be a very trying experi­ early years' disease effects. A study of ence. Oxygen and blood transfusions, OLD the elderly animal's daily life may if needed, also help to make surgery yield opportunities of making correc­ safe. tions that can improve the remaining Two commonly overlooked condi­ gracefully years. Some owners don't realize the tions that frequently need correction great value of dairy products for the in the older pet are diseased teeth and elderly pet. Cottage cheese and milk unhealthy mouth tissues. Heavy ac­ by C. E. DeCAMP, D.V.M. supply needed calcium, vitamins, and cumulation of tartar on teeth is not liquids and are usually relished by the only unsightly and generates foul older animal. odor, but is also a source of toxic People often mistakenly think the substances absorbed in the blood older animals should not exercise. It is stream and injurious to the whole true that its amount of energy is body. Teeth become loose, and eating The older pet, dog or cat, is more limited, as compared to the younger is difficult for the pet. Teeth should be than just something to have around pet, but modest exertion can still serve kept clean, and loose ones removed. the house. It is a symbol of the joys of This can be done with adequate anes­ our own early years, and a present thesia with little or no discomfort and opportunity to show our appreciation with enormous physical benefit to the for it. More pets are living longer these animal. days, as do their owners. The factors Overly long toenails, resulting from that help to provide these extended the older pet not walking very much years for people are working or can be are uncomfortable. They should be made to work for our dogs and cats as trimmed by someone familiar with the well. nail structure so as not to injure Youth cannot be retrieved, and adjoining areas. A thorough combing, marks such as kidney disease, lame­ and an infrequent bath will help keep ness, muscle weakness or irregular the animal's coat clean, and the skin heart beat—left by years of living— healthy. A simple but very rewarding cannot be erased. But still much can effort. be done to alleviate these conditions The elderly animal is a creature of and make the pet's life more comfort­ • habits, handed down from its younger able. Most essential comforts are easily years. He enjoys certain attention, supplied without great expense at ways of exercise, even play, within the home. Consult your veterinarian, who limits of his available energy. Some knowing the animal or after a thor­ things are associated with a definite ough examination of it can suggest a time of day. He may enjoy an invigor­ program of home care that is both ating walk in the morning, a nap at simple and effective. noon, and to be attentive to people at Too often the younger pet is fed the animal well. Too many older pets other selected times. If these habits are beyond its needs, with effects on daily lie around, sleep too many hours, and recognized and attention given them, activities noted only in later years. A apparently are of little enjoyment to much will be added to the older pet's heavy load may have been placed on themselves and to the people living day in a delightful way. This applies as its heart from carrying more weight with them. Exercise benefits the ani­ well to his place to sleep, and not to than its body was built to carry. Its mal in strengthening the heart and be disturbed. If with the years, he normal body conformation may have blood flow, encouraging good metab­ seems to sleep more and more, remem­ become distorted, its major body func­ olism and alertness. ber that the natural way for the tions reduced, or general metabolism This exercise may serve a second elderly animal to replenish his reserves retarded. Nutritional deficiency of the purpose in providing like benefits to of energy; do not begrudge him this diet in youth is sure to show up with an elderly person who may accompany comfort. advancing years. Many pet owners do the pet. If an expression could be The age of the older pet may not understand that even a "fattening obtained from both, it probably would parallel that of its owner or caretaker. diet" often is lacking in important be of enthusiasm for their daily experi­ They may grow older together with a food substances. ence. The energy of the pet would recognition and understanding of the Too many carbohydrates, a short­ probably be about the same as of the bright sides of their extended years. It age of protein, or other dietary imbal­ older person. is said that the saddest part of growing ances may be taking its toll of a pet Even with the best care, surgical old is loneliness. If the older pet could that appears normal or is considered attention sometimes becomes neces­ speak, it would surely be in apprecia­ healthy. sary for our elderly pets. Anesthesia, tion for the thoughtful and generous Today much is known of the nutri­ uncertainty of recuperative powers, care accorded him in his last years in tional requirements of the elderly pet. etc., present somewhat higher hazards recognition of the happiness he The energy needs of the older animal to older animals to be sure, but with brought to the family in years long are less, because of reduced physical the means available today to the veter­ gone by. 18 pet picture pointers from • Walter Chandoha has taken on the job lately of supplying a lovable, cud­ dly or frolicsome baby bunny, goat or goose to children living in apartments or homes without animal playmates. Chandoha Since there are millions of children who do not live on farms or in zoos, master of animal photos the potential demand is tremendous. If you recognized the name, Walter Chandoha, as one of America's fore­ by IRVING DESFOR most animal photographers, you prob­ ably guess how he brings baby animals Camera Editor, Associated Press within reach of pet-loving children. Through photography, naturally. He conceived a series of picture books designed and written for young­ sters, each of which tells a simple picture story of a baby animal, starting shortly after birth. He follows each -v -k one through its early adventures of eating, playing and getting acquainted with the world and some fellow crea­ tures. ' The success of the first set—"A Kitten For You," "A Puppy For You" and "A Foal For You"—established the formula, followed with a baby ». bunny, baby goat and baby goose. The *^1* - books are distributed by The World Publishing Co. of Cleveland and New

York ($1.95). Since there are other al endearing babies in the animal king­ IS dom, there are likely to be other baby • animal books for children by Walter * Chandoha. *»'i S \ c^ • Chandoha has some advice for ama­ • teur photographers who wish to make interesting photos of their own pets or ' •*W^ 5 zoo animals based on his 17-year career of photographing animals, tak­ ing more than 50,000 successful pic­ tures in the process. • Chandoha reminds us that dogs, like people, vary in temperaments. Some are high-strung and do not make ^ HORSE LAUGH? It's a first attempt anyway, by a baby good camera subjects. Others have a horse—enough to make a more exciting photo for Walter Chandoha. happy personality that is reflected in For a charming color picture by him see cover. good pictures. However, to get good results, proper planning often takes Indoors, when natural illumination is motion picture, when driving a car or more time than the execution. Think inadequate, he relies on flash, especial­ when I'm walking," says Chandoha. or prepare in advance an interesting ly with color. And he stresses three "Anywhere and everywhere, I antici­ situation, the setting, background, points he considers important for good pate something about to happen: the props—if any—and the lighting. animal pictures. traffic light is going to change; the He recalled one occasion where the 1. Infinite patience. You must comedian—a funny face; the singer—a dog seemed a perfect model and all the watch, wait and be ready to capture dramatic gesture, etc. At each instant other details were attended to. With something picture worthy because a it takes place, I tap or snap my fingers. everything set, Chandoha fired the normal photo of an animal is not of If I had a camera in my hand. I would first flash for the picture. When it general interest—except, possibly, to a have snapped the shutter when I snap­ went off—so did the dog, whimpering pet owner. A photographer must be ped my fingers. It's a secret game that behind a couch. He was flash-shy and prepared to stand around for hours, pays dividends in better pictures." couldn't be coaxed back. After that, eyes to view finder, and stay alert for 3. A fast shutter speed. Obviously, dogs were tested for flash reaction in something to happen: a yawn, a leap, a a fast shutter speed stops subject advance ... if that was to be the type laugh, a scratch, a snarl—any motion action. It also counteracts camera of light used. that adds expressive action to a photo. movement, a major factor in unsharp He favors a reflex camera so you 2. A quick "trigger" finger. All the pictures. Thirdly, a fast shutter speed can see and compose your picture on waiting for an animal to do something makes you open your lens wider; this the groundglass as it will appear in will be wasted if the photographer's leaves the focus on the subject and the finished form. He likes to shoot out­ reflexes are slow. "I keep my reflexes background less sharp—a technique doors and makes use of sidelight and on target by constant practice without which usually improves the impact of backlight for more dramatic effect. a camera when watching TV or a an animal photo. 19 Each sees differently and acts accordingly by ELEANOR PRICE

Once I waited a long time dangling a baited line in front of a trout's nose. I thought the fish was taking a siesta and didn't see my colorful offering. I learned later that of course he didn't see it. Although, like all game bony fish, the trout has color vision, he also has a completely blind zone. So bait should be farther away or off to one shoosh. I don't know who was most stand on his forefeet. Sometimes this side. scared, but the skunk held his artillery hand-stand trick is play, sometimes Another time I wandered across a fire. Fortunately, and bless Oregon's bluff, but it can be a warning before hilly field swinging a picnic basket on rains, the sky opened. The skunk his malodorous defense goes into my arm when a bull, who wasn't moved off for cover, and we rolled up action. supposed to be there, materialized and everything post-haste and departed. A chipmunk and squirrel easily with a bellow started to charge. I was My sons, who became Boy Scout detect movement and scatter at the able to beat him to the wire fence and leaders, tell me that if anything, our slightest feeling that their safety is roll under it, but I learned I wouldn't smallest skunk, the spotted civit, is involved. The prairie dog doesn't see as have to take up bull fighting to find even more curious. On outings, at well. You may have noticed him out if a bovine sees red. He doesn't. I Idyllwild in California, after taps and sitting beside the road while cars whiz could flap a green flag, or even wave a lights out the silence seldom lasts more by. He is not watching traffic as you picnic basket, in front of a bull and he than a few moments before the civit may like to believe. He is mesmerized would be just as incited to charge as he palters into camp. He sees the mounds by the warmth radiating from the would if I waved a red flag. Bulls see in of sleeping bags, but to him they are pavement. shades of black and white and are just obstacles to climb over in search A raccoon is exceptionally inter­ disturbed not at color but at of food. If a flashlight goes on, the ested in his surroundings and his eyes movement. civit stares unabashed into the glow. can easily follow the flight of a bird. Pages can be written about how the Then with a playful flip of his tail, The armadillo, on the other hand, not horse sees. Not only may his long head which says, in effect, "I got here first, only has bad eyesight, he does not obstruct his view, his eyes are chums, and you'd better believe it!" hear well. He appears to be lazy but naturally bifocal. He sees distance (and he indifferently traipses on his merry can dig actively and run with amazing it can be quite flat and almost way stealing candy out of paper bags, speed. He can also quickly curl up in colorless to him) with the upper part rattling coke bottles in tubs of ice, his armor. of his eyes, and close-up things with and, in spite of his small size, making Birds have wonderful eyesight, and the lower half. If an unthinking rider loud noises not at all conducive to fast focusing enables many of them to reins the horse's head high when sleep. Most Scouts respect the animal fly through branches of trees at top rushing him toward a jump, the jump and are on the watch that he does not speed. They also see color and so are vanishes from the horse's sight at the go into his act of upending himself to not easily fooled by nature's catnou- last few feet. Uncued, the horse may run right into the jump, stop cold, or go around it. All America's game animals are An owl's eyes are stationary in their sockets, but he spends hours observing, considered color blind. You could hence looks "wise."Photo: Virginia Kay wear the most flagrant orange, and deer, bear, etc, would think you were part of the woods unless their noses detected you, or they saw you moving, or light bounced off luminous color. The skunk is near-sighted and probably exists in a nearly colorless world like a cat. But don't think he won't come near you if you're sleeping out in the woods. He will because he's curious and because he's looking for possible food. On one camping trip, I heard an exploring skunk at my overnight bag placed near my head. Someone else in the party heard him, too, and focused a flashlight into his bright beady eyes. This confused him slightly, and he moved on a short way, then stomped his feet and flicked up his tail. At this precise moment, my traveling companion's cot broke a leg, dropping the air mattress, sleeping bag, and human to the ground, whereupon a sharp stick punctured the air mattress and it went down with a sick 20 animal eyes

flage of their prey. Most birds that are while in the air, not even with tiny looking for insects. They also must prey themselves easily detect motion wires strung at all angles across small remain on guard as they don't want to over a wide field because their eyes are room. But tape down one of the bat's wind up being slowly digested whole on the sides of their heads. Hunter ears, and it will fly in circles and bump by a snake. birds have eyes in front to help them into things. Tape both ears, and the Most amphibians see color. locate moving meals. bat can scarcely fly at all. A snake has no eyelids to cut off The water ouzel, or dipper, is one You probably think insects, espec­ his view, but his eyesight varies from of the oddest birds, for it can see, ially mosquitoes, have millions of eyes. good to bad. It is particularly bad for walk, and fly nonchalantly under Not true. Many insects have simple several days before his skin shedding water of a swift-moving mountain spots for eyes. Mosquitoes do not have period, as his eyes become covered stream. It feeds largely on underwater complete visual apparatus and are said with a thin grayish film. He'll know if insects. If the stream surface freezes to detect you from the carbon dioxide you are around, however, so if he's over in winter, the ouzel slips down you exhale. (I've not been able to hold poisonous, keep away from him. It's through air holes and sees well enough my breath long enough to find out if probable that he sees color as do to find food. This little fellow also this is true or not.) I've heard that almost all reptiles. teeters on boulders in the water and mosquitoes prefer to light on dark Lizards have lidded eyes. And they even builds a nest in the spray of clothes if exposed skin is covered with seem to have no problem in seeing cataracts or behind it. repellent, but I've seen plenty of these movement of even the tiniest of bugs. The owl is one bird that must turn pesky fellows stabbing through white I saved this for the last, for many his head to follow moving objects, as T-shirts. people do not want to believe that his eyes are stationary in their sockets. When Shakespeare, in describing an their beloved dog cannot tell one color He is a great observer, so he has the animal, wrote "Wears yet a precious from another; also, except for sight- "wise old bird" look. jewel in his head," his words were hounds, the dog's vision is limited. Bats have eyes, but their flying about, of all things, the glittering, Sensitivity to movement is greatly depends on sounds broadcasting golden, protruding eyes of the toad. developed, as has been proven in through their nostrils to be picked up There are reasons for toads to have studies of German Shepherd Dogs in by their complex ears. When a bat's visual organs of extraordinary promi­ police work. The dog's eyes are not eyes are covered in experiments, the nence. They have tremendous appe­ inferior; they are just a bit different. creature does not collide with things tites and are almost constantly Certainly they can shine with love.

A dog's eyes react to differences in brightness but not to color, but A cat's eyes do not distinguish color, A chipmunk is alert to movement sensitivity to movement is highly but his perceptions and reactions are and very precautious. He probably is developed. amazingly swift. (Harrison photo) color-blind. Arkansas health officer reports on experience in state cat vaccinations do prevent RABIES TABLE 1. HUMAN BITE WOUNDS INFLICTED BY ANIMALS by HARVIE R. ELLIS, D.V.M. Director, Division of Veterinary Public Health, YEAR Arkansas State DepL of Health CATS ALL ANIMALS

Because pets account for many human exposures to 1969 220 1,290 rabies virus, all of them should be immunized against this 1968 220 1,124 infection. In our efforts to immunize a greater number of 1967 211 1,094 dogs year after year, we may have overlooked the need for 1966 178 980 rabies immunization of cats. 1965 165 831 A review of relatively recent records assembled by the 1964 162 1,032 Arkansas State Health Department reveals that 2 human 1963 163 957 deaths have resulted from bites of rabid cats. In 11 other 1962 147 1,106 human deaths due to rabies, the offending animal was unknown, and it is possible that some were caused by the 1961 131 1,209 bite of a rabid cat. I960 112 1,064 The importance of rabies in cats is pointed out in a U.S. 1959 100 , 1,095 Communicable Disease Center publication, Zoonoses. Cats are listed in that publication as having the sixth highest incidence of rabies (157 cases) among all species during TABLE 2. RABIES CASES IN CATS 1968 in the United States. It is also significant that many observers have reported that a sizable number of cats that develop rabies manifest the furious form of the disease, DIAGNOSED because a cat with furious rabies can be a real threat to YEAR LAB CONFIRMED CLINICALLY both man and animals. In most states, there has been a marked decrease in the 1969 1 - incidence of dog rabies. This without doubt reflects the 1968 . 1 results of extensive rabies vaccination programs for dogs. It 1967 .... 1 is reasonable to assume that similar rabies vaccination 1966 . . . 4 1 programs for cats would accomplish the same results. 1965 . . . 1 Analysis of data compiled by the Arkansas Department of 1964 . . . 4 Health concerning cases of cat rabies, incidence of cat bites, and number of cats given rabies vaccine reveals that although the number of cat bites have increased during the 1962 5 past decade the number of feline rabies cases has declined 1961 . . . 2 5 over the same period (see tables). The data in Table 3 1960 . . . 5 3 reflect the results of a program in Arkansas encouraging cat 1959 . . . 6 2 owners to have their animals vaccinated against rabies. We would like to think that such efforts have, in part, had some influence on the low incidence of cat rabies in our state. Skunk rabies is on the increase in Arkansas, and bat TABLE 3. CATS VACCINATED FOR RABIES rabies is present. It has been suggested that rabies is frequently transmitted to cats from skunks and possibly YEAR NUMBER bats. These animals are all nocturnal and likely to contact each other frequently. In view of these observations, it is 1969 10,388 strongly suggested that practicing veterinarians, public 1968 8,328 health workers, and everyone interested in the well-being of 1967 6,558 the community should encourage cat owners to have their pets vaccinated against rabies to aid in the overall control of 1966 5,535 animal rabies and to protect owners. 1965 2,374 There presently is considerably less information 1964 2,301 concerning the efficacy of rabies vaccines in cats than is the 1963 1,967 case in dogs. The available laboratory data and field 1962 778 observations indicate, however, that several types of 1961 876 available vaccines may be used safely and apparently 1960 207 effectively in cats. It is generally recommended that cats be 1959 395 first vaccinated when 5 to 6 months of age. They should be revaccinated annually until further studies indicate the Total 39,707 duration of the immunity obtained with these agents. 22 A: There is considerable evidence to justify the opinion of breeders that the bathing of does, particularly those of the long-haired breeds, has a deleteri­ ous effect. Proper grooming without bathing usually results in a highly lustrous coat and preserves a good undercoat. The adverse effect of bath­ ing is probably in many cases the result of incomplete rinsing or the use of harsh soaps.— Lloyd C. Moss, D. V.M.

Shedding By Cats Q: What can you recommend for cor­ rection of continuous, excessive shedding by cats?—B., Colorado Readers with health and other A: Cats which live outdoors will usu­ pet problems are invited to send ally have one heavy shedding period in their questions to ANIMAL CAV­ the late spring. Cats living inside will ALCADE. Those with the greatest shed continuously, the year round. reader interest will be handled on The most effective method of control­ this page. The material below has ling excessive hair loss is by brushing been adapted from "Progress in Veterinary Medicine" by permis­ the cat every day with a wire or Afghans to Whippets sion of American Veterinary Pub­ natural bristle brush. If the hair loss is -everything you need lications, Inc. accompanied by dandruff, it is helpful to add some animal fat to the cat's to know diet, e.g., butter or bacon drippings. THE BOOK OF DOGS Pinworms In Dogs —James D. Conroy, D. V.M. Q: Do dogs have pinworms?—R., by Harry Glover Washington. Immunization of Skunk Hounds, gundogs, terriers — the A: If the dog were capable of serving Q: What vaccine(s) should be used to main breeds from all over theworld as host for Enterobius vermicularis, immunize a pet skunk?—D., Wash­ are fully described. Plus informa­ one would expect that, sooner or later, ington tion on everyday care, breeding, the presence of this parasite would A: Only killed-tissue vaccine should and showing. 134 photographs, have been reported. No. such report be used on a skunk. Two doses at ten with 36 in color. $4.95 exists to date. Yet, frequently physici­ to 14 days are indicated with subse­ ans advise owners to dispose of their quent periodic boosters. Live virus JIOHN KELLOGG'S dogs, and occasionally cats, because should not be used on any animal BOOK OF the children have pinworms. Advice of other than a dog for protection against DOG TRAINING this kind is based on ignorance of canine distemper.— Leonard J. Goss, by John W. Kellogg medical parasitology. — R.D. Turk, D. V.M. D.V.M. With Drawings by George Ford Proper Time To Spay A complete guide to obedience Crossing Bobcat, House Cat Q: When—before or after the animal is training for the family dog—and Q: A friend of mine has a female in season—is the best time to spay his owner. bobcat and would like to cross it a dog or cat?—D., Oregon Teaching your dog to obey can be to an "alley cat." What are the A: In many practices this operation is an enjoyable and rewarding expe­ chances of conception?—S., Idaho usually performed after the dog or cat rience for both you and your pet A: Your question has been asked is sexually mature or just prior to the with this easy-to-follow guide. From often, and the experiment often tried; first estrual period, but frequently housetraining to car riding, here but the answer has always, so far, been female dogs or cats are operated upon are step-by-step instructions for "NO". Though both animals belong to during the first estrual period with no the family Felidae the bobcat's title is teaching your dog to adjust to fam­ untoward results. Older animals are ily life. $6.95 Lynx rufus and the domestic cat's, better surgical risks if operated upon Felix domesticus. Since species of ani­ during anestrus. — W.G. Venzke, mals are so designated because of D. V.M. genetic isolation, the crossing of these two would be most unlikely unless the Intestinal Gas Problem taxonomists had originally erred in Q; What can be done for older dogs their classification.—James H. Steere, which pass so much wind that it is D. V.M. a nuisance to the owners?—A., Texas. Bathing Collies A: Many dogs gulp their food and Q: It is common practice among swallow large amounts of air along breeders of Collies not to bathe with it. Feeding small amounts at a their dogs, particularly those to be time may correct this. Radiologists At your bookstore entered in dog shows. The conten­ find that most intestinal gas is ingest­ or prepaid by mail tion is that bathing "destroys" the ed. Addition of digestants to the food direct to undercoat. We have had occasion might reduce the gas and the reduction CONTINENTAL to bathe Collies, but we have not of the amount of carbohydrates fed PUBLISHING CORP. been able to detect any change in will also help. Antiferments might 11926 Santa Monica Blvd. coat.—J., Ohio likewise be tried.— E.J. Frick, D. V.M. Los Angeles, Ca. 90025 23 because of the danger of rabies. the scalp. Follicles located in areas "The increase in wild life rabies, that become bald show a higher rate of especially in skunks, has resulted in testosterone metabolism than follicles added risk of human exposure from on the back and sides of the head, wild animal bites," Dr. David J. which are less likely to stop providing MMML Sencer, director of the center stated. hair. Dr. Sencer said that two boys, one in Arizona and the other in South Da­ CALIFORNIA LAW REQUIRES kota, died recently from the bites of SPAYING OF POUND CATS rabid skunks. "Skunks, foxes, bats and HEALTH raccoons are the wild animals most According to a recently approved frequently found to be rabid in this law, public pounds, humane societies, country," Dr. Sencer said. etc., will no longer be permitted to sell, or give away any cat of more than six months of age, unless such cat has PSYCHOLOGIST FINDS FISH HAVE been spayed or neutered. If the cat has HEWS COLOR VISION not been spayed or neutered, the A psychologist from Brown Univer­ pound, or humane shelter will be CLOSE CONTACT RELIEVES sity, Providence, R.I., Dr. Dean C. required to collect a deposit equal to SEVERE PET PHOBIAS Yoger, is convinced that fish and the average fee charged for spaying or British doctors are successfully humans have similar retinal structures neutering. The deposit shall be for­ treating persons terrified of animals by and that fish also have normal color warded to the veterinarian or clinic putting the animals in close contact vision. He has trained goldfish to strike upon receipt by the pound or shelter with them, the British Medical Journal a target with their noses only when the of a notice from the veterinarian or reports. target contains a noticeable amount of clinic that the cat has been spayed or One case cited was a young woman colored light. He has found that the neutered. so terrified of cats that she was unable fish continue to strike the longest even The intent of this new law is to to walk down her home street after a when the colors are dim or very pale. reduce the cat population by eliminat­ neighbor bought a pet cat some ing one of the major sources of pro­ months earlier. After listening to the JUNE DESIGNATED AS CAT AND ductive animals, the pound and animal tape recordings that described her KITTEN MONTH shelter. fears, she agreed to try to face a cat. The cat was held about six feet from The Pet Food Institute has decreed her. Looking at the cat provoked an June 1971 as the first National Cat WARNS OF DANGERS TO PETS OF intense anxiety, which subdued after a and Kitten Month. The "Month" is HUMAN MEDICINES aimed at helping cat owners under­ few minutes. Gradually, the cat was Treating a sick pet with the same stand that their pets need better care brought nearer to her. Each change in medicine you would use for yourself and acquainting more people with the the position of the cat produced a could do him great harm, advises pleasure of owning a cat. Cat fancier short-lived increase in anxiety, but Charles C. Hunter, D.V.M., director of organizations and humane groups are after 15 minutes she was able to touch the animal care facility of Loma deeply concerned about the large num­ the cat, then stroke it, and finally Linda, California,University School of ber of homeless kittens that fill animal cuddle the cat without anxiety. Medicine. shelters and who sincerely feel that cat A woman frightened of birds was "Many people treat their pets as if owners need to be educated. encouraged to handle a stuffed bird, they were human," he said, in the then to approach, touch and play with course of a talk at a scientific session a pet parakeet, first in the cage and WALKING HORSE BILL NOW U.S. of the California Veterinary Medical later outside it. The doctor's report LAW Association. "The usual assumption is concludes: "All patients were greatly A federal bill has been signed into that an antibiotic effective in one helped by the treatment. All were law which may end the practice of species can be safely used to treat delighted with the outcome." deliberately making sore the feet of another species with the same symp­ Tennessee walking horses in order to toms. But antibiotics can cause severe CHARGE LEAD IN TOY KILLED alter their natural gait. The measure toxic reactions, or even death, to IRISH SETTER makes unlawful the exhibition of a certain species. sored horse in any horse show in "A single human aspirin, adminis­ The Atlanta, Georgia,Humane Soci­ tered morning and evening for a week ety has filed a cruelty to animals suit which that horse or any other horse was moved in commerce. Also pro­ or 10 days, would very likely result in against a toy manufacturer. The suit poisoning or death for the family cat. charges that one of the company's hibited is the holding of any horse show in which a sored horse is exhibit­ The penicillins, which have saved mil­ products has been found to contain lions of human and animal lives, have lead in sufficient quantity to cause the ed, if any of the horses in that show were moved in commerce. been known to be fatal when given to death of pet animals. The society first guinea pigs, even in proportionately learned of the pet product—a mouse small doses." Dr. Hunter added a on top of a ball—when an Irish Setter STUMP TAILED MACCAOUE APES warning against combinations of drugs, died after playing with the toy. Tests MAN IN BALDNESS especially those containing more than showed the animal succumbed to lead The stump-tailed maccaque, a pri­ one antibiotic, which he said were poisoning. mate related to the Rhesus monkey, reported to be particularly dangerous for hamsters, guinea pigs and mice. CAMPERS CAUTIONED ON RABID goes bald with age much like men do. Studies by William Montague, Ph.D., "These preparations destroy such a ANIMALS of the Oregon Primate Research Insti­ wide range of bacteria that in many The Federal Center for Disease tute, Beaverton, indicate that hair fol­ cases the helpful organisms so neces­ Control, Atlanta, has warned campers licles metabolize or utilize the male sary for essential life processes are that anyone bitten by a wild animal sex hormone testosterone differently, destroyed along with the disease pro­ should seek immediate medical aid depending where they are located on ducing organisms." 24 cont. from pg. 15 T F c) It is natural for a cat to put on 41) T F When you are traveling, your pet, weight as he grows older if well behaved, can be left loose 46) T F A fifteen year old dog is the and alone in motel rooms. equivalent of a 70 year old senior citizen in human terms. 42) T F National Parks do not allow ani­ mals in camping areas. 47) T F Bringing a new kitten or puppy into the home can be a traumatic 43) T F Animals traveling by air usually experience for an aging pet. can be accommodated in the pas­ senger compartments if the airline 48) T F Cats can be dropped from heights, is notified in advance. such as out a window, because they will always land on their feet. 44) T F A cat may live to be 20 years old. 49) T F "Don't look a gift horse in the 45) Things to know or do about aging cats are as mouth" is really excellent advice, follows: for that is how you can tell the age of the horse. T F a) Check for worn teeth 50) T F Horses require manicuring every 6 T F b) Check his water intake to 8 weeks.

Test Answers

1) F Cats were sacred in ancient Egypt 12) T Cats resist training and are much 31d)F Best depend on vermifuge pre­ and dogs became friends of the more difficult to train than a dog. scribed by veterinarian. early cavemen. 13) F The female of the species rarely 32) F They are still dogs 2) T Wild canaries, dull green in color, sings. 33) F A cat doesn't malinger. Better still live on the Canary Islands 14) F Best to start teaching him at have a veterinarian examine him. but are very different from their weaning time to come down by 34) F tame descendants. easy stages. 35) T But not even all long-haired cats 3) T Small caged birds far outnumber 15) T Start teaching him neatness in the suffer from this condition. A dogs and cats in the home. The house at weaning time. preventative measure is daily budgerigar has ousted the canary 16) F A cupful of water splashed in the combing and brushing to remove as the commonest domesticated middle of the ruckus will startle much of the cat's loose hair., bird kept in the home. them and break up the fight. 36) F Parrots will also breed if properly 4) F Climatic conditions, housing, 17) T It should not be permitted to housed. length of coat, should determine leave its cage. 37) F Not as important as some owners when a puppy can safely be put 18) F Do not disturb him any more imagine. There's always the pos­ outside. Toy or miniature breeds than necessary but he may enjoy sibility of having the cat altered. should not be housed outdoors. a bath. 38) T Under proper supervision, of If in doubt, consult your veterin­ course. arian. 19) T 20) T 39) F There will be no weight gain Great lovers of comfort, cats are 21) T unless the animal is overfed. best housed in even temperatures 22) F Only when terribly soiled. 40) F But some can be taught. indoors. 23) F Egg yolk might contribute to a Keep pet confined to the carrier 5) F Never in the direct ray of the sun totally balanced diet, but a total­ or bathroom or secure him with a (risk of overheating). Kitchen is ly balanced diet need not neces­ 41) F stout chain. an undesirable location because sarily contain raw egg yolk. Never attempt to take your pet of the heat and gases from the into such areas without first range. Avoid draughts and on 24) T But only as a minor part of the 42) T checking with authorities. cold nights cover the cage with a diet Some airlines will accept a small piece of cloth. 25) T Undernourished birds have less pet in a crate. Check airlines. 7) F Save for the fact that cats and resistance to disease. 43) F dogs are four-footed, furry do­ 26) F It disagrees with many normal animals. 44) T mestic animals, there is little re­ 45a) T semblance between them. The 27) F The best hunters have strength 45b) F Fight extra weight by cutting his relationship you have with a cat and vigor that comes of proper 45c) F daily food intake. is entirely different from the one nourishment. But you can slow him down by 46) T you have with a dog. 47) T It is best to introduce a new Training a dog is all in knowing placing a large rock into his food kitten or puppy by easy stages. how and prior experience is a 29) T 48) F great help. 30) F But a warm, dry nose is no sign Age of a horse is determined by of disease either. 49) T 9) F While this is better than having the eruption of permanent teeth the dog hit by a car, it has its 31a) T But must be balanced in diet by and the wearing away of pits on dangers. Training information the addition of other nutrients in the surface of these. may be had from the nearest which lean meat is deficient. 50) T A horse's hooves grow quite rap­ SPCA or humane shelter. 31b) F idly and need to be trimmed 10) 31c) F But tapeworms are sometimes in­ regularly at about 6 to 8 weeks to 11) They readily adapt to new sur­ troduced in raw flesh, fish or keep the animal's feet well-bal­ roundings. rabbit. anced.

25 TH

Animal lovers and pet owners now have their own television show as Hollywood personality Betty White continues to host her syndicated "The Pet Set" program on a growing list of stations all over the country. Check your newspaper TV listings for day and time when this program is carried on a station near you. Each half-hour show, presented under the aus­ pices of the Carnation Company, features the pet or pets of a well-known motion picture or tele­ vision personality, along with entertaining se­ quences of exotic animal "actors" which have appeared in motion pictures or on TV. Shown on this page are a few of the celebrities and their pets as they appeared on "The Pet Set" programs.

(Top right) Comedienne Carol Burnett shows off Phoebe, an American crossbred, that was a gift to Carol from a devoted fan. (Lower right) Actor Lome Greene discusses his two German Shepherds with Betty White of "The Pet Set" program. (Lower left) Mary Tyler Moore brings the Poodles Maud and disWilliam to Betty for appearance on "The Pet Set."

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26 frompg. 11 I August 6, 1923, Mr. Now something happened. Deep couldn't think. and Mrs. Brazier waved farewell to within him came a stirring, an awaken­ Seemingly he had forgotten the their friends and drove out of Silver- ing of sleeping instinct. Perhaps it was restaurant in Silverton, and his dazed ton to begin the long, hot trip to a legacy from his sheepdog father, a mind returned to puppyhood. He Indiana to visit relatives. long-dormant talent that had guided crept through the town, probably past Finally, they reached Wolcott, Indi­ his remote ancestors through the for­ the restaurant above which the ana, where they would stay the night ests and glens of ancient Britain. Or Braziers now made their home, and with relatives, to leave the next morn­ perhaps it was an affinity created by out to their old farmhouse. But strang­ ing for their final goal, Bluffton, a love between dog and master. But ers were at the farm now. Although hundred miles farther east. Mr. Brazier somehow Bobbie knew that he must they did not know him, they fed the left his wife at the house and drove to go west, that home would lie at the weak, famished dog, and left water a garage for a carburetor adjustment. end of the westbound trail. and more food beside him. Bobbie went along, riding on the Bobbie was next reported in Den­ Rest, food, and familiar surround­ running board as he often did on short ver, where he appeared at the Carrie ings restored his memory. At dawn trips. As the car stopped in front of Abbee home, hungry, his feet sore and he hurried back to Silverton as fast as the garage, the dog leaped to the his muscles stiff. Here he stayed until his painracked legs would permit. sidewalk, slipped on the pavement and his strength and health returned. When he reached the cafe he had left fell against an eighty-pound bull ter­ Bobbie's exact course and his ad­ six months before, he hobbled through rier. ventures between Denver and the Co­ the open door and past the tables into Brazier drove on into the garage, lumbia River in Oregon are unknown. the kitchen. Mrs. Brazier and her confident that Bobbie could handle his It took him two months to cross the daughter had time only to give cries of challenger, but he didn't know that vast, desolate, blizzard-plagued stretch. amazement as the collie went past the bull was a canine gang leader. As a He burrowed under the snow to escape them and up to the stairs to the living chorus of barking rose in volume, he freezing. quarters. There Frank Brazier had just walked to the garage doors and caught Earlier in the midwest and back on fallen asleep after working the night a glimpse of Bobbie disappearing the Great Plains, he had been a strong shift. around the corner with the huge ter­ dog, trotting tirelessly after his periods Exhausted though he was, Bobbie rier and a rabble of snarling compan­ of rest. Now he was gaunt and ex­ made the long leap from the doorway ions in hot pursuit. He gave chase but hausted, his feet bruised and throbbing onto the bed, landing in a heap on the by the time he reached the corner all with pain. In eastern Oregon the frigid sleeping man. With a shock Brazier the dogs had vanished. Blue Mountains were to the west, but awakened to find the dog he loved When the work on his car had been Bobbie's strange homing instinct led licking his face between great howls of completed, Brazier drove all around him north to the Columbia River. joy. Quickly the news of the homing the town. There was no sign of the A family in the Dalles (Dalles spread. Bobbie had finally reached collie and his tormentors. Dusk came. County) reported that they had fed home and his master! Next day the weekly paper held up Bobbie or a collie that certainly The collie had traveled at least its press time to insert an ad offering a looked like him. The only point at 3,000 miles, in midwinter, across prai­ reward for the dog. The Braziers wait­ which the dog could have crossed the ries and plains, over rivers and ranges ed, then drove on to Bluffton, hoping Cascade Mountains in a thousand miles of mountains. Now for three days Bobbie would be turned in to their north and south would have been after his return he lay on his back with relatives in Wolcott. But nobody had along the gorge of the Columbia River. his paws in the air because they were found a big collie. Heartbroken, all It was February. As the weary too tender to rest on the floor. The they could do was start westward for collie plodded into Portland the earth nature of his recent diet was evident Oregon. was frozen and a bitter wind whipped when he refused all but raw meat for Bobbie was lost. The pack had the light snow. At East Portland he weeks. chased him too far out into the coun­ found the last of the friends who were Nor did Bobbie forget those who try for him to know, after so much to help him, a white-haired Irish had helped him. In 1924 he was being tumult, where they had started from. widow, Mary Elizabeth Smith. taken for a walk near Salem, Oregon, There was no scent—only the open As he slept Mrs. Smith worked over when he and his master came upon sky, fields, and strange roads stretch­ him. She soaked his feet in disinfec­ two tramps sitting beside a fire. The ing in all directions. He had nothing to tant. The pads of his toes were worn dog threw himself upon one of the help him but a certain instinct for away, oozing blood, with the bones men, licking his hand and crying. The good people. After days of starvation exposed in places. His legs were swol­ hobo said that in September, 1923, and running, always running, he would len into thick, shapeless columns. She this dog had stayed at his jungle camp sniff out some home where dog lovers cried over his mangled paws, and enjoying mulligan for several days lived. And there he would pause, finally she got the idea of coating after swimming the White River near sometimes only overnight, sleep off his them thick with warm paraffin wax. Indianapolis. exhaustion, then go on courageously. Anything else he could have licked off. Honors poured in upon Bobbie. Traveling in the wrong direction, Mrs. Smith watched in pity one day Medals and gifts came from as far Bobbie came not to Wolcott, but to as he limped down the frozen path, away as Australia. He was given a gold Wolcottville, a village in northeastern through the open gate, and turned collar, and keys to the cities of Port­ Indiana. Here he stayed for a week as a south. A chill wind was blowing in land, Seattle, and Vancouver. Letters welcome guest in the home of a from the west. Dusk had fallen. Bob­ arrived by the hundreds from all over hardware clerk, resting, recovering his bie disappeared into the growing dark­ the world. strength. When he left, he again went ness. Bobbie didn't understand nor care in the wrong direction, a hundred He had seventy more miles to go. for all this attention. He only knew he miles to the south, where he swam Near collapse, it took him two weeks was home and with Frank Brazier, his across the White River near Indianapo­ to reach Silverton, but soon he was in master. Amazingly after that in­ lis and joined a group of friendly the Willamette Valley where the Chi­ credible ordeal, he lived for twelve tramps in their hobo jungle camp. nook winds were warm and moist. more years, and they were happy ones After two days of dining on mulli­ Now he was so tortured by pain, so spent with those he loved. gan stew he headed northwest. hungry, so utterly weary, that he

27 toward a world of m 4J3E HEALTHIER ANIMALS RAVE REVIEWS / have examined the recent issue of Animal Cavalcade and find it most (and happier owners) interesting.—David S. Claflin, Presi­ dent, Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, That's the whole idea behind ANIMAL CAVALCADE, a creation of Boston. the charitable, non-profit Animal Health Foundation, which also is • involved in scientific studies of basic animal illnesses and a program A friend recently loaned me a copy that seeks to provide veterinary treatment for sick and injured animals of the maiden issue of Animal Caval­ of families with low incomes. cade. I enjoyed it very much, finding the articles informative and relaxing Our deepest thanks to the veterinarians of our Founders Circle, who after the daily fare of textbooks. made possible the launching and (now) the funding of ANIMAL Enclosed is my personal check for a CAVALCADE Magazine. Lists like the one below will follow bscription. —Betty Dietz, Silliman from time to time. And sincerest appreciation to those animal owners f niversity, Philippines. and lovers who are supporting ANIMAL CAVALCADE with their w Please enter a subscription to the contributions and subscriptions. Gifts or bequests are tax following 20 schools .. . — Veterinary deductible, of course. Practitioner, Tustin, Calif.

4DE FOUNDERS CIRCLE Adams, Dr. J.H. & Gano, Dr. A. W. Macy, Dr. Richard Snow, Dr. Harold Kidwell, Dr. L.C. Garskis, Dr. L. R. Minsky, Dr. L. & Sprowl, Dr. R. W. Alameda County Veterinary Goodcase, Dr. D.R. Atkinson, Dr. L. G. & Stanton, Dr. Harlan Medical Association Grant, Dr. W. A. Singman, Dr. I. Steppe, Dr. Michael Aloro, Dr. Nino Grosse, Dr. Robert Graehl, Dr. Max Newman, Dr. Terry C. Thomas, Dr. G. N. Bainbridge, Dr. E. W. Northern San Joaquin Ticehurst Animal Hosp. Barnett, Dr. D.K. Hardison, Dr. John F. Veterinary Medical Association Tobiska, Dr. J.H. Baymiller, Dr. P. H. Haight, Dr. Robert Tong, Dr. A. C. Baxter, Dr. Clinton M. Hauser, Dr. D. E. Trabin, Mr. E.A. Bergquist, Dr. Carl Hendricks, Dr. E. C. Olson, Dr. Philip C. Broussard, Dr. John Horn, Dr. Richard Opstad, Dr. D.S. Buon-Cristiani, Dr. R. R. House, Dr. Warren Ott, Dr. H.I. Van Pelt, Dr. Lloyd Burns, Dr. Harold C, Hughes, Dr. E. Stewart Vierheller, Dr. Ralph & Button, Dr. Robert Huntley, Dr. William Patterson, Dr. R.J. Clark, Dr. John H. Hurt, Dr. Ross H. Peninsula Veterinary Collinson, Dr. Ralph Medical Association Inman, Dr. A. R. Wallis, Dr. Jac C. Cotati Veterinary Hosp. Philbrick, Dr. R.E. & Wetmore, Dr. W. B. Isbelle, Dr. H.C. Jacobs, Dr. J.E. Davis, Dr. Daniel D. Weyker, Dr. Howard A. Pittman, Dr. Keith 1. Del Amo Animal Hosp* Wilcox, Dr. K.R. & Kendall, Dr. L.D. Plocher, Dr. Philip D. Des Marteau, Dr. P. Johnson, Dr. H.C. Killpack, Dr. E. R. Kopit, Dr. Harold Quecke,Dr. J.J. Wilson, Dr. J.E. Dickson, Dr. David M. Woodward, Dr. John Eberhart. Dr. G.W. Landaker, Dr. Walter Rasmusson, Dr. J. O. Lapesarde, Dr. H.P. Young, Dr. W. A. Larsen, Dr. Louis Samuelson, Dr. Marvin Feldmann, Dr. A. W. Zaks, Dr. S. Z. Fink, Dr. Richard B. Lauhoff, Dr. B. J. Shille, Dr. V.M. Foley, Dr. R. E. Le Vine, Dr. Richard Southern California Fuller, Dr. S. A. & Lippincott, Dr. C. L. Veterinary Medical Association Svarvari, Dr. S. L. Loop 410 Veterinary Hosp Snortum, Dr. E. P. Lundberg, Dr. A. W. Fulton, Dr. S. C. Snortum, Dr. Thomas Animal Health Foundation 8338 Rosemead Boulevard, Pico Rivera, California 90660

(whoBOAR serveD without OF TRUSTEE remuneration)S Lloyd F. Van Pelt, D.V.M., President Nino Aloro, D.V.M. Richard D. Macy, D.V.M. Clinton M. Baxter, D.V.M. Harry Miller W. A. Young, D.V.M., Secretary Richard B. Fink, D.V.M. Thomas N. Snortum Edward A. Trabin, L.L.B., Treasurer William A. Grant, D.V.M. Harry Maiden, Executive Director Now, more than ever, your dog deserves ALPO because- every ALPO variety exceeds National Research Council standards for a 100% complete and balanced diet.

N.R.C. Requirements Your dog needs many Nutrient Requirements of dogs in different vitamins percentage or amount per pound of food. nd minerals. Canned or Wet Mixtures ALPO has them all Calcium .... and more.! Phosphorus . . 0.24 Potassium . . . 0.24 ALPO Sodium Chloride 0.43 Magnesium . . . .014 Milligram per lb. of feed Iron Copper Beef CHUNKS Cobalt & Meat by-products Manganese Zinc Iodine Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E (Growth) . . Vitamin B12 Folic Acid Thiamine Riboflavin Pyridoxine Pantothenic Acid . . . Niacin Choline 150

1971 Allen Products Co., Inc., Allentown, Pa

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