THE INSTITOTE THE CENTERFOR THE ADVANCEMENTOF vol. I, NO.2 JoLY1993 "TheFountainhead": First"" DualCelebrations in 1993 EssayContest "CelebratingThe Fountainhead" is ffre Bay Hilton Hotel. Following a wine The 'sfirst essay themeof ARI'skn L993banquetlauctbrc, reception, dinner, and a presentation conteston Ayn Rand's Anthemwas a in honorof tfu fifticth anniaersaryof the by Leonard Peikoff (seepage 5), John resounding success.More than 2,300 publicatbnof .\n Rand'sbret-knoamnwel Ridpath will serve as auctioneer for high-school freshmen and sophomores Thesecond of theseeoents is scheduledfor the primarily Fountainhead-relateditems read the 1937novelette and submitted Noaemberin Boston,while the first took from Ayn Rand's estate. Highlighiing an essay.Herc is a sampling of enfants' placein LosAngeles in April. this auction: Miss Rand'shandwritten commentson Anthemand ARI: manuscript for her last public speech, BostonGala Begins ObjectiVist Weekend "The Sanctionof the Victims." l "Eaen thoughI did not zuin a The Ayn Rand Institute's second In August, ARI will mail banquet prize,I amgrateful to the Institutet'or 1993banquet honoring TheFountainhud, invitations,auction catalogs, and mail- showingme a differentand interesting a reception hosted by SecondRenais- bid instructionsto all cunent contribu- type of book.,,,I look t'orwardto sance Books, and Leonard Peikoff's tors. Tickets for the evening arc priced readingmore Ayn Rand books.I am already Ford Hall Forum speech comprise a at $125per personand $225for couples. a fan," weekend of Objectivist-rclated activities Minimum bids on the auction items | "l utouWlike to knousmore about the lnstitute, its ideas,and teachings. in Boston,November 6-7, "1993. rangefrom $50to $4,000.As in the past, Please The ARI event will take place on proceedsfrom the event help support sendme some information, such asbooklets or pamphlets. you." the evening of November 5 at the Back ARI's efforts to advanceObjectivism. Thank | "I m by Ms. Rnnd,and (See Celebrations,p. 5) fascinated look fonaard to rendingmore!! Her zoorksare brilliant and f m aeryinter- estedin lurning moreabout her idus." | "TheAyn RandInstitute performs r.i a nobletask. Pleasesmd me member- o ship information...sothat I mayhelp \ 6 o in a smallway with yourbacking." F The first prize q winner of the $1,000 ! is Brent Stiefel,a freshmanat Columbus High School in Miami, Florida. Like most of the entrants in both of ARI's contests,he had not read any Ayn Rand writings prior to leaming of the contest. His older brcther was reading TheFoun- tainheadfor a class assignment and brought home information about both essaycontests. Upon reading Anthem, Mr. Stiefel was struckby how little dif- ference there is in many respectsbe' tween the society we live in today and the totally collectivist society portrayd in the futuristic novelette. "Anthemis not that much of an exaggeration,"he observed. His favorite subjectsare his- tory, math, and English. This summer he is reading TheFountainhead. Auctioneer John Bidpath in action showing auclion items at the Los Angeles Fountainhead event /See Anthem contest, p. 5) EighthAnnual "Fountainhead" Essay Contest

Ann Marie Dobosz is the winner say from the other top papers: "She point-blank style refreshing. She is of ihe $5,000first prize in the 1993es- penetrates to fundamentals, correct not writing to impness:she has some- say contest on .Her fundamentals, and even names their thing to say and strives to say it clear- essay(rcprinted on page 3) was chosen logical priorily (seeher opening para- ly and cleanly. The clincher was her as the most outstanding of the nearly graph). This senseof logical hierarchy illuminating and original contrastbe- 3,800entries submitted by high-school is rare and invaluable. I found her tween Keating and Toohey: Keating juniors and seniors. needs others' strengths while Toohey Miss Dobosz, a graduate of Dear- needs their weaknesses.The essay born (Michigan) High School,will en- showsa thinking mind at work." ter SarahLawlence College in the fall. The five winners of the $1,000sec- Shewas intrrcducedto TheFountainhead ond prizes are: Emmy Chang, from when two friends recommended it to Los Alamitos, CA, a semi-finalistin the her. What impressed her most, in the 1992 contest who plans to enter an midst of her "frustration with medi- acceieratedmedical program at North- ocrity," was Ayn Rand's emphasis on westernUniversity; Eric Dennis, a jun- "the virtues of integrity and excellence." ior from Torrey Pines High School in She re-read the novel after learning of Encinitas,CA; LeslieMichael Orchard, ARI's essay contest from her English from Algonac,MI, who will major in teachet Donald O'Hagan. This sum- journalismat CentralMichigan Univer- mer she is rcading . 3 sily; Erin Ruble, a junior from Billings, Harry Binswangel, the final judge & sp" MT; and NatashaShekdaf, from Prince- \ '{ Brown of the winning essays,commented on ,,'l.:', . ^n1^9 ton function,NL who will attend what distinguished Miss Dobosz's es- Fountainhead Ann Marie Dobosz University this fall. (See Fountainhead contest,P.6) WhoGrades the Essays? Eachyear, only a handfulof studentpapus suruiae the intense and thoroughjudging prlcess ruhich is an integralpart of AR(s essay contests.Selecting the winners from thethousands of mtriesrequires the cooperation and uitical intelligenceof scoresof peoplewho gradethe essays.In raponseto readerintuest, we offer a glimpseaf harothe essay grading is accomplishedand who the graders are.

The Grading Process The Oblectivist Graders r) Maureen Hoffman, a retired high- First, a national testing service hired The Institute's panel of Objectivist school English teacher and president by ARI assigns high-school English teachers and writers brings a variety of of the Assoc. for Rational Educafion teachers to grade all the essays for liter- professional expertise and experience to t Gary Hull, Ph.D., a philosophy ary quality and stylistic merit, This the grading process. Several are members professor at California State University- year, 702 Fountainheadessays and 69 of ARI's Board of Advisors and/or Speak- Fullerton and graduate of ARI's ad- Anthem essays passed this stage and ers Bureau, others founded or were active vanced philosophy seminars advanced tg the next levgl. in campus Objectivist clubs, some ale cur- I Shoshana Milgram Knapp, Ph.D., The second level of grading is per- rently pursuing graduate degrees, and an English professor at Virginia Poly- formed by ARI's invited panel of Ob- some have a special familiarity with either technic Instihrte and StateUniversity jectivist graders. Each essay is graded TheFountainhud or Anthem. t Edwin Locke, Ph.D., a business for philosophic content by two graders, and psychology professor at the Uni- and an essay must receive at least one Regular Fo unt ainhead graders: versity of Maryiand "A' to proceed to the final stage. Mem- I Larry Benson, a screenwriter who I Glenn Marcus, Ph.D., a lecturer/ bers of the panel report that the grad- studied the Fountainhead movie scripts writer and former Headmaster of the ing is a difficult but rewarding process, extensively in graduate school American RenaissanceSchool r) as they read and re-read the essays, o Andrew Bernstein, Ph.D., a philos- Lee Pierson, Ph.D., a psychologist rank them, and then read again. ophy and literature professor at Pace and who teachescognitive skills in corpor- Finally, all of the ",{' papers are other universities and author of 'A Teach- ate and university setfings given to a single grader to choose the er's Guide to The Fountainhud" t Ronald Pisaturo, the former 16 Fountainheadand 31 Anthem winners. I M. Northrup Buechner, Ph.D., an president of the American Renais- Over the years of the Fountainhead con- economics professor at St. John's Univer- sanceSchool test, both Harry Binswanger and sitv in New York l Linda Reardan, editor of TheIn' ]ohn " Ridpath have served as the final judge, 0 David Harriman, a philosophy stu- tellectualActiaist, a philosophy student while Michael Berliner chose the win- dent at the Claremont Graduate School, at the Claremont Graduate School, phi- ners of the first Anthem contest. At the former member of the Univ. of California- losophy instructor, former organizer secondand third levels, the judging is Santa Barbara campus Objectivist club, of the Harvard University campus anonymous-i.e., the judges do not and current participant in ARI's advanced club, and graduate of ARI's advanced know the identities of the essay writers. philosophy seminars philosophy seminars (SeeGraders, P' 6) 2 THE1993 WINNING ESSAYS THEFOUNTAINHEAD ANTHEM

Ann MarieDobrez, a seniorat Durborn (Michigan)High Sctaol, BrentD. Stiefel,a frahmanat ColumbusHigh Schoolin Miami, dtox tlu thirdof tte threeFowtainhead asay topics:"For each Floida, chosethe first of the three Anthem essaytopics: of thefollowing pairs of characters,compare and contrast their 'AnthemdEicts a worldof thefuture, a collectiaistdictatorship in approachto life and their basicmotioation: h) Howard Roark whichnen theword 'l' hasoanished. Discuss the hero's struggle andHenry Cameron;(b) Peter Kuting and EllsworthToohey; tofree himself from collatiubm. Whatmalces hb oictorypossible? " (c)Gail Wynaniland Dminique Francon."

The most important quality of a person-the thing that Ayn Rand's Anthetnis a triumphant story of one man's must exist beforeany other detail is considered-is a person's stmggle for individuality in a fuhrristic world where the only mind. It can be called a soul, an ego, or a self. It is the most good is the collectivegood, and where all individual thoughts important part of a person,the most sacred,and the part most and deedsare ruthlessly suppressed. often missing in people. Peopleabandon their minds and their Equality 7-2527(the name imposed upon the protagonist soulsbecause it's easierthan thinking and creating.Without by his brethren) feels initially that he was "born with a curse." a self, nothing new can be created.A personcan only absorb He is taller and more handsomethan his fellow men, but more and regurgitatewhat others have accomplishedand become. importantly,he hasan inquisitivemind and a passionfor leam- The questionof whether a personhas a self presupposesany ing. It is not surprising that he has difficulty adaptingin a so- other question becausethe presenceor absenceof an ego deter- ciety where every aspectof eachperson's life is planned and mineseverything else a personcan do or become.Before any decreedby various governmentalcouncils, and where absolute differencein the charactersof TheFountainhead can be discussed conformityis not only demanded,but practicallyworshipped, it must first be determined what that character'sprimary moti- At first, Equality 7-2521,does make a concertedeffort to vation is-whether the personhas a self or lives second-hand. suppresshis intellectand function in accordancewith societal The primary concem of Howard Roark is himself. The mandates.He cheerfully acceptshis assignedvocation of Street primary concernof Henry Cameronis himself. Both are un- Sweeper,misguidedly feeling that serving his brothersin this wavering in their honesty and commitment to their selvesand fashion would atone for his great Tfansgressionof Preference- what they create. the fact that he had desired to be a Scholar.Describing this Their selves-their "souls'-are filled with the ability and selflessacceptance of his fate, he writes in his diary that "we passionto pull coherentbeauty out of the earth in the shape were happy, and proud of ourselvesand of our victory over of a building. They don't compromisetheir buildings-ever- ourselves."As time passes,however, Equality 7-2521 finds that becausethat would be compromisingtheir souls. They do not he is no longer willing to suppresshis intellectual curiosity. let others influencetheir art becausethat would be abandon- He chastiseshimself that "we are a wretch and a traitor" for ing their souls. Their art is pure, honest,and untouched by studying alonein his underground sanctuary,"yet thereis no the demandsof the masses. shamein us and no regret." He violatesmore rules by falling The "second-handers"that make up the massesdon't want in love with a woman and naming her the Golden One, but the beautythat Roark and Cameroncreate. They are unaccus- thesetransgressions cause him to experiencejoy rather than tomed to a man creatingsomething unique and honest,and it guilt. He begins to wonder about his appearance,another for- frightens them. The buildings of Roark and Cameronremind bidden thought. As the book progresses,he develops more the second-handersof what is lacking in themselves.Those and more of an ego,a forbidden conceptwhich is destinedto buildings and the passionbehind them trigger in people the causehim problemswith the government. deeprooted potential that they once poss€ssedbut lost in their One might expectthat the struggleto escapefrom a ruth- quest for approval from others. The semnd-handerssee in the lesscollectivist society would be primarily physicalin nature. buildings of Roark and Cameronwhat they might have been In Anthem,however, the physical act of escapingfrom an un- and they hate Howard and Henry for it. guarded prison and, eventually,into the forest is surprisingly The second-handersry to stop Roark and Cameronfrom easy;the most dramatic conflict takesplace within the hero's being great. Roark doesn't let them, but Camerondoes. Henry own mind. In order to achievetrue freedom,he must discard lets the others stop him with electric bills and newspaperedito- the collectivistpropaganda which, after two decadesof brain- rials, He notices the second-handers,he pays atbentionto what washing,dominates his thinking. A rational person,exercising they say. He lets them break his spirit He doesn't compromise reason,might ordinarily accomplishthis task with ease,but his art or his soul, but he lets them win. He lets the insignifi- Equality 7-2521.has never been allowed to analyzefacts objec- cant obstadesthey erectstop him from building. He lets their tively or exerciseindependent thought. Indeed, the various fmr infect him and he becrmesafraid also. Howard never gives governmentcouncils deliberately schedule activities for virtu- in to the second-handers.They take his money and they ally every hour of the day, therebyremoving any opportunity smearhis name with court trials. But he doesn't let profane for an intelligent mind to reflect in solitude about the evils of things like money or public opinion break him or stop him. collectivist philosophy. The hero's discovery of his under- He never pays attention, Dominique said to Roark that there ground sanctuaryis thus a critical factor in his intellecfual are two ways to be successful: "by not looking at people at all development,precisely because it provides him with the op- or by looking at everything about them." The key to Howard's portunity to be alone,to be an "I" insteadof a "we," successis that he never looks at anyone. The other method of Perhapsthe single most important event in Anthemis the being successfulbelongs to people like Ellsworth Tocihey. hero's re-invention of the electric light. Not only does this dis- (SeeFountalnhead *say, p.4) (SeeAnthem *say, P.4) 3 (Fountainheadessay, antinued fromp. 3) Ellsworth Toohey has no self-he lives through others. one. He sees that the second-handers have power over an hon- Peter Keating shares this approach to living. Both are pinna- est man, and he becomes angry and afraid. He is so afraid of cles of mediocrity. Neither of them has anything exceptional becoming a victim to the second-handers that he surrenders. in their souls, neither of them could create a single unique and He abandons his self, his greatness, and joins the ranks of the honest thing. They are only reflections of others. Without the masses. He gives up instead of fighting them and firying to win, rest of society, Peter Kmting and Ellsworth Toohey would cease because he doesn't believe he can win. By the time he finds to exist. They would be mirrors reflecting absolutely nothing. Roark and sees that integrity can triumph, it is too late. He In contrast, if the rcst of the world disappeared, Howard Roark had already surrendered his self to the masses and spent his would remain unchanged. In fact, he would hardly notice the life seeking power over others. He became successfulbecause difference. But Peter and Ellsworth would disappear along he looked at everything about people, much in the same way with the others. After all, a mirror is useless unless someone as Ellsworth Toohey, but exactly opposite of Howard Roark. looks at it. Dominique faces the same fears that Gail did. However, Although Keating and Toohey share this basic element, Dominique does not surrender her soul to the people she hates. they differ greatly in many other aspects. They both need She continues fighting them until she overcomes her fear of others and use them as completely as they use air to breathe. them. She is afraid of the second-handers destroying Roark in However, they feed off entirely different aspects of people. the same way Gail was afraid of being destroyed. But Domi- Keating depends on others' smiles and praises to keep him nique doesn't give up, she doesn't let them have her soul. She happy. He needs others' collective strength, the skength of pub- does, however, allow the others some power over her, because lic opinion, to keep him alive. That public opinion is actually she allows herself to hate them. She doesn't follow her own created by a few influential figures like Toohey or Gail Wynand- adviceJor success-to not lqok at others at all. She pays_at- and not the people-is really of no importance to Keating or tention and lets them stop her from being with Roark, in the to the public. As long as the opinion is there for people to fol- same way Cameron let them stop him from building. She fin- low and for Peter to leech off of, all involved are content. ally overcomes her fear and hate of the second-handers by not Keating breathes this strength and fills the space where his noticing them any longer. She stops looking at them at all, and soul should be with it. starts living only for herself. Dominique and Gail start from Toohey needs not the strength of the people but their in- the same point, but Dominique never gives up. She almost Iets securities and weaknesses. He takes advantage of the fact that them stop her, like Cameron did, but she never lets them have the second-handersrarely have an opinion on anything and her soul like Wynand did. gives their opinion to them. He takes their souls and replaces The most important element of all the characters in The the empty space with catchy slogans and phrases from book Fountainheadis their basic motivation-who and what they reviews and editorials, If it weren't for the weakness in peo- live for. Howard Roark and Henry Cameron live only for them- ple's spirits, Toohey would not exist. His aunt compares him selves and their art, their greatness. Dominique also lives to a maggot feeding off people's sores. The simile is appropri- only for herself; Gail Wynand lived for himself in his youth ate as well as disgusting. Appropriate because it is true, dis- but gave up, and went the way of Ellsworth Toohey and Peter gusting because people worship the maggot for eating the life Keating. The other differences in the characters are impor- out of them. tant, but no difference is as consequential as that basic and Toohey is also different from Keating because he is aware primary motivation. Either a person lives for himself or he of so much more than Peter. Peter is more or less oblivious to surrenders his self by living for others. All other details of a the true motivation behind everyone's actions, including his person take second rank to the basic question of whether or own. He isn't sure of why he likes Toohey so much, why his not the person has a self. I relationship with Catherine fades away, or why he's jealous of Roark. He doesn't even understand his own mind, let alone everyone else's. Toohey,on the other hand, understands every- (Anlhem essay,antinued fron p. 3) thing. He's aware of the weaknessesof people's souls, of how covery significantly enhance his feeling of worth as an individ- willing they are to give up their minds, After all, it's far easier ual, but it proves that the government has lied about the zup- to believe instead of thinking. They follow Toohey because he posed evils of the Unmentionable Times, thereby providing tells them what they want to hear-that believing is not only Equality 7-252'l with an objective fact upon which to base his easy,it's noble. "Everything bad comes from the mind.... It is rejection of collectivist dogma. Even after this monumental blessed to believe, not to understand," Toohey preaches to his discovery, however, the hero still suffers internal conflict-he high-school followers. People accept this becauseit's what they naively assumes that the irrational World Council of Scholars want to hear; they follow Toohey becauseit's easy. Toohey leads will suddenly become rational and welcome him into their them because he can do nothing else. He is a second-hander group. The shockingly negative reaction of these "Scholars" also, and is unable to create anything new, he is only able to forces him into.reality, and his pride in his invention gives him take in what already exists. He is aware of this, too, but that the motivation and the courage to leave behind his mindless, knowledge separateshim from the masses. His understanding selfless "brothers'' and seek a new life of freedom in the forest. of his own mediocrity also makes him feel impotent and use- The hero's intellectual evolution, which parallels his strug- less, so much that he has to do something about it. He takes gle to free himself from collectivism, reaches a climax when he control over the other second-handers because it's the only finally discovers the word "L" This word, which had been thing he can do. Roark, in all his greatness, makes Ellsworth banned by the government, enables the hero to resolve the in- acutely aware of his inferiority, and so he sets out to take con- ner conflicts with which he had been grappling. The word. "I" trol of Roark's soul. His ultimate defeat is Roark's victory. enables him to understand that it is proper and desirable for In Roark's words, neither Dominique Francon nor Gail an individual to pursue his own happiness, that people should Wynand was "born to be a second-hander." Both have the neither enslave others nor allow themselves to be enslaved, potential to be what a person should be, and both have a fear and that each person should exercise reason and should act in and hatred of the second-handers that try to (and sometimes a manner which rationally, objectively is in his or her own self- succeed in) stopping people like themselves and Howard Roark. interest. Anthem clearlv demonstrates that no society which Gail sees the power that the mediocre have when he is twenty- fails to respect these seif.evident principles can be trufy fiee.I (Celebratlons,ontinued from p. 1) Guests who make reservations at ln a reprise of his ncleatARI's 1991 the Back Bay Hilton by October 15 are auction, John Ridpath served as auc- eligible for a special room rate. Please tioneer for the lively and competitive call (800) 874-0663and be sure to men- bidding on books, manuscriPts, and tion that you will attend the Ayn Rand memorabilia-mostly related to The Institute dinner on November 6. Fountainhead-from the Estateof Ayn On the evening of November 7, Rand. The highest winning bid was March4, 1945: Leonard Peikoff's topic at the Ford for Miss Rand's handwritten manu- ...my clwractersare not symbols, hu- Hall Forum will be "Modernism and script of one of her most imPortant Thq are ptrsons in whom certain manattributes are mareslurply Madness." For details, call the Forum articles, "The Objectivist Ethics." It foatxd and consbtmtly tlwn in aueragehuman (6'17)437-5800. On the afternoon of was auctioned for $43,000,inspiring at beings.Thry arepsonificatbns of and applause from the guests. ryr" November Z SecondRenaissance Books cheers itual if youwish.... But, aboae all, other items drew forces, will host an informal social gathering, In addition, two as cluractrs in a story, theyare men. open to a1l without charge. Look for particularly heavy bidding: the third percons,people.... Don't tell me tlut more details in our next Nearsletterand version of the movie script, which thqe are no suchpeople in reallife. in upcoming issuesof IMPACT. contains Miss Rand's extensivehand- editing: opening bid-$2,0m; winning March4, 1945: If Keating were the typical rqre- bid-$11,500; and a first edition of the smtatiaeof humanity,we wouldneaq novel, autographedby the cast,direc- luae rism out of the swampanil the and prcducer of the movie: open- tor, caoe. It was not the Keatingswln got ing bid-$2,000; winning bid-again, us out. Neaermind aboutthere being $11,500. more Keatings than Roarks.I{s the The evening began with a wine Roarkswho munt, receptionand display of Ihe27 auction items. After dinner, Executive Director November30, 1945: an innate Michael Berliner officially welcomed ...any man who has smseof independmceand self-respat, everyone and introduced various and a sparkof the creatiuemind, has guests involved in sprcading Objectiv- that muchof Roarkin him. Any man ism. Then Leonard Peikoff presented un lollow Roark'spinciples-if he excerpts from Miss Rand's unpub- hasintelligence, integrity and courage. lished conespondencewith admirers He may not haaeRoaTk's genius, but (see of TheFountainhead sidebar). he can t'unctionin the samemanner An added highlight of the week- and liueby thesame morality... end for 50 of the banquet attendees March4, 1945: Boston auction itemi Fountainhead movie ad was an alternoon driving tour of sever- If you startwith theprinciple tlut al of Ayn Rand's California residences, Los Angeles Event a Success independenceis the kqstoneof human conducted by Dr. Berliner and Harry greatness,that theabsolute indiuidual' Nearly $100,000was raised at the Binswanger. This was preceded by a ist is the moral man, the perfectrnan, House, ftrst Fountainheadbanquet/auction held guided tour of the Ennis-Brcwn the great man-here b how my four on April 3, 1993,at the Crowne Plaza a't924 Frank Lloyd Wright-designed keycluracters stand in relationto that Hotel in Los Angeles. More than 140 house in in the Hollywood Hills. principle: Keating-who couldnot be guestsfrom the United States,Canada, Following the auction, the guests greatand didn't know it;Tbohey-who England, and Australia celebratedthe enjoyed music and conversationuntil could not be and kneu it; Wwand- successof The Fountainheadand the 1:00a.m. ARI thanks all who contrib- who could haae been; Roark-who advancementof Objectivism. uted to the successof the evening. I couldand was.

(Anthemcontest, continued fron p. 1) Michael Berlinel who selectedthe to escapecollectivism as primarily an winning Anthem essays, commented: intellectual, not a physical, struggle." "This was the first time we received es- The ten winners of the $200second saysfncm ninth and tenth graders, most prizes are: of whom are 15 or 16 years old, so we RachelBartlett, Duxbury (MA) HS didn't know quite what to expect. We KathleenDalton, Rockville HS, Vernon, CT (fi) were very pleasedwith the high qual- Amberlrlbeck, Nazareth ISD Caitlin Lauchlan,Renaissance HS, Detroit, MI ity of writing. The winning essay,by KrisHeMacris, Bonita Vista HS,Chula Vista, CA Brent Stiefel (see page 3), is a.rticulate ChristopherS_cott Martin, Charlotte(NC) and sophisticatedwithout being prcten- countryCountry Day School Christophei Meflor, Upper Dublin HS, tious. He makes his points very dearly Fort Washington,Washinston,PA and does an excellentjob of integrating Silviia Ozols,Lak6 BraddockSchool, Burke, VA abstract ideas with concreteevents in Patrick Power,Nortross (GA) HS the story. His was the only essayI lead Wendy Wolbert, ArchbishopC/Leary HS, Edmonton,AB which explicitly identified the struggle Anthem WinnerBrent Stietet (SeeAnthem contest,P. 6) 5 /Fountafnhead@nteat, continuedfrom p. 2) The ten third-place winners, each of whom received $50O are: Chris Bizzocdri, St. George'sSenior HS, Vancouver,BC Ammon Dennis,Lodi (CA) HS ElizabethFrank, Mayfield SeniorHS, Pasadena,CA Troy Hutddns, Middleton H9 Charleston,SC Lisa Johnson,Neshaminy HS, langhorne, PA SumanaKaipa, Bullard HS, Fresno,CA Trevis Kerns,Cheyenne Mountain HS, ColoradoSprinp, CO NareshKilaru, Illinois Mathematicsand ScienceAcademy, Aurora, IL (Anthemcontest, qntinued fron p. 5) RaghuveerParthasanthy, Univenity Crty HS, SanDiegq CA The twenty third-place winners, Amy Slucter,Claremont (CA) HS each of whom received$100, arc: (ND After being introduced to Ayn Daniella Asanovski,Passaic HS StevenBecknell, Columbus Academy, Rand's ideas through the contest, two Gahanna,OH of this year's second- and third-place ChangChiu, Klein ForestHS, Houston,TX winners went on to read everything Michelle DeVries,Rockville H$Vernon, CT Upperfthool, available to them, includng Obj ectiaism: RachelFarbiarz, Ramaz Manhattan,NY The Philosophy of Ayn Ranil and Intro- fennifer Grey,Terry ParkerSenior HS, duction to Objectivist Epistemology.Srev- JacksonvillqFL eral others have read Atlas Shrugged RebeccaHammel, Duxbury (MA) HS (GA) and a few of the non-fiction works. Helen Houston,Griffin HS Christine Huang University HS, Irvine, CA To date, over 23,000 students have SeanLevy, Charlottesville, VA entered the Institute's Fountainhead es- SangramMaiumdar, Washington HS, say contest since its inception in 1986. Phoenix,AZ ARI thanks all the contributors whose CatherineMelone, John A. ColemanHS, Hurley, NY possible investments have made this Bart Mller, MeadeCounty H$ Brandenburg,KY success in spreading Objectivism. I Amy Nemec,Edgewood (MD) HS Wendy Potter,Rockville HS, Vernon, CT ]eff Siarborough,University HS, Irvine, CA LindseySchechter, Grimsley FIS, Greensboro, NC Glynys Smith, ArchbishopC/Leary HS, Edmonton,AB Danny Tym, Ooltewah(TN) HS David Vdarrier,Mission Viejo (CA) HS I

The Ayn Rand Institute Newsletter is published by the Ayn Rand Institute,4640 Admiralty Way, Suite 715,Marina del Rey,CA90292, (310)306-9232; FAxi (310)306-4925. All rights reserved01993. Reproductionwithout permissionis prohibited. Dr. Michael Berliner, ExecutiveEditor;Kathy Kroeger, WriterlEditor; Donna Montrezza, AssocinteEdifor. Issuesare complimentary to all current contributors.

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