D. Pacific Grove Comes of Age (1903 - 1926)
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Historic Context Statement – Final City of Pacific Grove Historic Context (1903 – 1926) Pacific Grove, California D. Pacific Grove Comes of Age (1903 - 1926) The period 1903 – 1926 is dominated by the expansion of Pacific Grove’s commercial, civic and tourist facilities, as well as the redevelopment of several touchstones of the old Retreat. It also witnessed the advent of the private automobile, which would have a profound effect on the city’s built environment. The primary historic themes and events of this period include the following: . The transformation of the beach area at Lovers Point into a fully-developed tourist destination. The arrival of large-scale commercial development along Lighthouse Avenue employing new architectural styles and building materials. The destruction of the Chinese fishing village and redevelopment of China Point. The maturation of the city as evidenced by the construction of a new firehouse, library, museum, new elementary and high schools, and the city’s first dedicated City Hall. The creation of Del Monte Properties as a successor firm to the Pacific Investment Company and its influence on the sale of lots and development of subdivisions. The end of the Chautauqua and the “tent camping” era. The growing influence of the private automobile as seen in commercial, light industrial and residential development patterns. “Panorama of Pacific Grove,” 1908 (Courtesy the Heritage Society of Pacific Grove) The year 1903 was full of symbolism for Pacific Grove’s future. For one, the age of electricity was firmly stamped on the city with the electrification of the Monterey & Pacific Grove Street Railway.247 Overhead electric wires were strung up along Central and Lighthouse avenues to serve the streetcar’s route, and the old horse car barn with its hay loft and horse stalls was abandoned.248 This was also the year that the city for the first time acquired a portion of its waterfront for public use by purchasing property at the tip of Lovers Point from the PIC for $1,000. Although this heralded more public investment in the coming decades, the immediate future of Pacific Grove’s waterfront belonged to private interests. Indeed, within the next few years the beach area at Lovers Point would 31 October 2011 Page & Turnbull, Inc. 115 Historic Context Statement – Final City of Pacific Grove Historic Context (1903 – 1926) Pacific Grove, California witness an explosion of private construction activity that transformed the cove from a sedate retreat for bathers and boaters into a fully-fledged seaside entertainment complex. These same years would also witness a flurry of commercial development along Lighthouse Avenue, which brought with it impressive new edifices featuring modern construction methods, new materials and new architectural styles. Extant properties capable of representing these significant themes include residential properties, commercial properties, civic & public assembly properties, light industrial properties, and cultural landscape elements. Although auto camps & cottage courts were an important property type during this period, there do not appear to be any extant examples today. The overwhelming majority of surviving buildings constructed between 1903 and 1926 are single-family residences designed in period revival styles that represented a dramatic shift from earlier eras—most easily recognized by a transition from wood to stucco cladding. This was also a key period of expansion of Pacific Grove’s central business district, which introduced new architectural styles, construction methods and materials. 31 October 2011 Page & Turnbull, Inc. 116 Historic Context Statement – Final Historic Context (1903 – 1926) SET SUN L I G J E H W T E H L O L U A R S E E N A P I S S C H U O O E RF S A S A L I P L L O K A A M C A R O N R Y P A O I FW L S I KER IGHTO S H OC AD R CR AILRO R M B A O Y SL N O A P AT A R T J C R S EW R H C H O A CR N R E O E AL C O K E D D ER GR A E C R R E E I EV S SE L O B T L U L E N M R A P G E O A C R O R E N O R E ACR RIDGE E T N T K V S E E GRO S D AV L G E S A N A A L H U N L A P JE E E S E R OV TT A P L R M GR IC R F L E I C O A E PA L L N Y S 17 MILE I D I C S O C H C WALCOTT E MELROSE E A O R A R 31 October 2011 G P LT E B A I P BENT LEY A P A E S R RI A O U N L P R A T N L L B N ON CO L A RAC A M FOREST PARK O E L V DAY A A J S O ALDER Pa IR ° E N FO M CHES TNUT g A e & Turnbull, Inc. / 24 June 2011 R M R B E A WALNUT A S S I P S N Y F T L L U O B IN L LOCUST V M E N C O I M L E A IL O P D S E W I O W L G N CEDAR T S N E RUTH R E O T E S S N H S WILLOW E A R F C O L M T L SH M E A G A I E I O O R N T S G SS R R N P E T K H O A T I M D M WO O C M E T R C I G B O H F T E E I P I T R O O C N LO B S R R A Properties constructed during “Pacific O TOD O D O T U ESIDI T M PR T V S A F E CYPRESS 20TH B S E U E R I A R K N D S G E S I S O E CO NG RESS G T N A I N O M C N E O N G O H T R E N S IL R O PARK X M L E T A S 19T H CALEDONIA RIN L T I E A E D S 19 S TH N R E Y B P E I D P N D E U LO RELE I A G A T 18TH IT NI R SP Z PR I A O P B U A I ON I E S E S 17TH R ES T R R D J I O N U U E R M N I A C 16TH N C D N O E S I I F T O P N O F O REST R E R T R P Pacific Grove, California F A D R A AR N O I O S P L F R I GRAND O N K E LMSTEAD City of Pacific Grove R E O B S D E G FO UNT I T A N A L H U E R IL N M 15TH A L N O L M 14TH N 1 S A O 4T H 14T H K F R T A S O E D 13T H E 13TH R R S O E I D D B PIEDMONT C M A E E 12TH V K A V I G E H I C E S A A W WY ARMEL C T A H R T R D IL T C J S E D H E L 11TH E 6 RO C U S EN R 8 N R S R L O I E T O S E MONTEREY S W R T B L T U O A A O GATE 10TH S L R T T T B T I A IS E 9TH (Page & Turnbull) H Y O L A P O 8TH S L R I L P C D Y R E A 7TH N V U D W ID O I ORD T C H E 6TH N M P E A E A 2 A T R N R R E S 5TH T S D D C A O R L E E N R N Y 4TH L Y Grove Comes of Age” period (1903-1926)G L G R 3RD E PI L A W A F N C I W L 2ND 2ND E E O T M L O C A O I O S N N G Y C 117 L T R E 1ST D P AU F R R E A N RE O I F C E N L E IU L I R V E L WT S S I A A Y R S E N A O L N S D N G E E IR W H V EY A IN C G H O CAFFR K EY I C I Y P T A R E E S O C S AN S M C LOA A P K A Y AIR FORCE C O N I L K N IN R T V E C E T E S I T W H L EW O O H E T F I L N O L F E L M L C L N W A S A P P N L I I L S N E G H N B P A EV H A L C E I W T A R N C F E A L H I T E A CH O D R N N O C H B E A R BOWEN S E R U A O E N M M I S R D R D E L R E L Y N N C O E C F R P I E T E L C F K F M H I A T E R C R M C C V A Y H P L A E H V N R R L N I D L A A K I O A S V R S R N L D P A A OS E K I E R R L T N E City of PacificL Grove R U I E S E Year Built: 1903-1926R A M B O E VE M Y O H N E L LT E LL N W E R I N L HERRMA LLW O L I A ST I A N NE I O N LEJ GH M F L HI A EL CA W J N R O RI PINA T EL R D H IA G V 1903-1909 Y N H J 1910-1919 S E T O F M 1920-1926 C H F N A U E A D L R A I R S S CLAY O O N N L Page & Turnbull, Inc.