Townsend's Mole
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Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2. -
Zootaxa, Checklist of Helminth Parasites of Soricomorpha
Zootaxa 1969: 36–58 (2009) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2009 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Checklist of helminth parasites of Soricomorpha (= Insectivora) of North America north of Mexico JOHN M. KINSELLA1 & VASYL V. TKACH2 1HelmWest Laboratory, 2108 Hilda Avenue, Missoula, Montana 59801, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A parasite-host and a host-parasite checklist of helminths found in Soricomorpha (= Insectivora) of North America north of Mexico are presented. The parasite-host checklist includes a total of 114 species of helminth parasites reported in the literature from 28 species of insectivores, totaling 349 records. These include 97 species from shrews (9 trematodes, 34 cestodes, 50 nematodes, 4 acanthocephalans) and 23 species from moles (3 trematodes, 4 cestodes, 10 nematodes, 6 acanthocephalans). Each helminth species is listed under its most current accepted taxon, with all known synonyms, dis- tribution by state/province, and references for each geographic location. The following new combinations are proposed: Lineolepis pribilofensis (Olson, 1969) n. comb. for Hymenolepis pribilofensis Olson, 1969; Monocercus soricis (Nei- land, 1953) n. comb. for Molluscotaenia soricis (Neiland, 1953) Spasskii & Andreiko, 1971; and Eucoleus blarinae (Ogren, 1953) n. comb. for Capillaria blarinae Ogren, 1953. The state of knowledge of helminths of insectivores in North America is briefly discussed. Key words: helminths; Soricomorpha; Insectivora; shrews; moles; North America Introduction Shrews and moles have traditionally been classified in the order Insectivora, but more recently have been placed in the order Soricomorpha (Wilson & Reeder 2005). -
Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management
Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment for the Use of Wildlife Damage Management Methods by USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services Chapter I Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management MAY 2017 Introduction to Risk Assessments for Methods Used in Wildlife Damage Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services (WS) Program completed Risk Assessments for methods used in wildlife damage management in 1992 (USDA 1997). While those Risk Assessments are still valid, for the most part, the WS Program has expanded programs into different areas of wildlife management and wildlife damage management (WDM) such as work on airports, with feral swine and management of other invasive species, disease surveillance and control. Inherently, these programs have expanded the methods being used. Additionally, research has improved the effectiveness and selectiveness of methods being used and made new tools available. Thus, new methods and strategies will be analyzed in these risk assessments to cover the latest methods being used. The risk assements are being completed in Chapters and will be made available on a website, which can be regularly updated. Similar methods are combined into single risk assessments for efficiency; for example Chapter IV contains all foothold traps being used including standard foothold traps, pole traps, and foot cuffs. The Introduction to Risk Assessments is Chapter I and was completed to give an overall summary of the national WS Program. The methods being used and risks to target and nontarget species, people, pets, and the environment, and the issue of humanenss are discussed in this Chapter. From FY11 to FY15, WS had work tasks associated with 53 different methods being used. -
MAMMALS of WASHINGTON Order DIDELPHIMORPHIA
MAMMALS OF WASHINGTON If there is no mention of regions, the species occurs throughout the state. Order DIDELPHIMORPHIA (New World opossums) DIDELPHIDAE (New World opossums) Didelphis virginiana, Virginia Opossum. Wooded habitats. Widespread in W lowlands, very local E; introduced from E U.S. Order INSECTIVORA (insectivores) SORICIDAE (shrews) Sorex cinereus, Masked Shrew. Moist forested habitats. Olympic Peninsula, Cascades, and NE corner. Sorex preblei, Preble's Shrew. Conifer forest. Blue Mountains in Garfield Co.; rare. Sorex vagrans, Vagrant Shrew. Marshes, meadows, and moist forest. Sorex monticolus, Montane Shrew. Forests. Cascades to coast, NE corner, and Blue Mountains. Sorex palustris, Water Shrew. Mountain streams and pools. Olympics, Cascades, NE corner, and Blue Mountains. Sorex bendirii, Pacific Water Shrew. Marshes and stream banks. W of Cascades. Sorex trowbridgii, Trowbridge's Shrew. Forests. Cascades to coast. Sorex merriami, Merriam's Shrew. Shrub steppe and grasslands. Columbia basin and foothills of Blue Mountains. Sorex hoyi, Pygmy Shrew. Many habitats. NE corner (known only from S Stevens Co.), rare. TALPIDAE (moles) Neurotrichus gibbsii, Shrew-mole. Moist forests. Cascades to coast. Scapanus townsendii, Townsend's Mole. Meadows. W lowlands. Scapanus orarius, Coast Mole. Most habitats. W lowlands, central E Cascades slopes, and Blue Mountains foothills. Order CHIROPTERA (bats) VESPERTILIONIDAE (vespertilionid bats) Myotis lucifugus, Little Brown Myotis. Roosts in buildings and caves. Myotis yumanensis, Yuma Myotis. All habitats near water, roosting in trees, buildings, and caves. Myotis keenii, Keen's Myotis. Forests, roosting in tree cavities and cliff crevices. Olympic Peninsula. Myotis evotis, Long-eared Myotis. Conifer forests, roosting in tree cavities, caves and buildings; also watercourses in arid regions. -
Activity of the European Mole Talpa Europaea (Talpidae, Insectivora) in Its Burrows in the Republic of Mordovia
FORESTRY IDEAS, 2021, vol. 27, No 1 (61): 59–67 ACTIVITY OF THE EUROPEAN MOLE TALPA EUROPAEA (TALPIDAE, INSECTIVORA) IN ITS BURROWS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA Alexey Andreychev Department of Zoology, National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk 430005, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Received: 16 February 2021 Accepted: 18 April 2021 Abstract A new method of studying the activity of European mole Talpa europaea (Linnaeus, 1758) with use of digital portable voice recorders is developed. European mole demonstrates polyphasic activity pattern – three peaks of activity alternate three peaks of relative rest. Moles are found to have activity peaks from 23:00 to 3:00 h, from 6:00 to 9:00 h and from 15:00 to 18:00 h, and three periods of rest: from 3:00 to 6:00 h, from 9:00 to 15:00 h and from 18:00 to 23:00 h. Mole’s rest is relative since animals show low activity during periods of rest. Average daily interval between mole passes is 2.5 h. Duration of audibility of continuous single European mole pass by the mi- crophone varies from 11 to 120 seconds. On average, it is 37.5 seconds. Key words: animals, daily activity, day-night activity, voice recorder. Introduction where light factor is essential (Shilov 2001). Activity of many mammals is in- In many countries, the European mole Tal- vestigated under various conditions of the pa europaea (Linnaeus, 1758) is an object light regime. For underground animals, of constant modern research (Komarnicki especially for the different mole species, 2000, Prochel 2006, Kang et al. -
Life History Account for Townsend's Mole
California Wildlife Habitat Relationships System California Department of Fish and Wildlife California Interagency Wildlife Task Group TOWNSEND'S MOLE Scapanus townsendii Family: TALPIDAE Order: INSECTIVORA Class: MAMMALIA M016 Written by: G. Hoefler, J. Harris Reviewed by: H. Shellhammer Edited by: S. Granholm DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, AND SEASONALITY Townsend's mole is found along the North Coast in Del Norte and Humboldt cos., from the Oregon border south through about two-thirds of Humboldt Co. Optimum habitats are annual grassland, wet meadow, and early seral stages of redwood, Douglas-fir, mixed conifer, and montane hardwood-conifer forests. Townsend's mole in California mainly is a species of lowland river bottoms. SPECIFIC HABITAT REQUIREMENTS Feeding: Earthworms comprise 55-86% of the diet, with the remainder insects, seeds, roots, leaves, slugs, snails, and small mammals (Wight 1928, Moore 1933, Pedersen 1963, Whitaker et al. 1979). Forages beneath the surface in light, base-rich soils. Cover: This mole is almost entirely subterranean, spending its time in underground burrow systems. Requires well-drained, friable soil for burrowing. Reproduction: Nests in a grass-lined cavity 15-20 cm (6-8 in) below the surface. Nests sometimes are placed under "fortresses" (large mounds of earth 75-125 cm (30-50 in) in diameter), or near the center of a cluster of several normal-sized mounds (Kuhn et al. 1966, Maser et al. 1981). Water: Water needs are met from the diet, especially from earthworms. Pattern: Prefers well-drained, friable soils. Avoids dense woods and thickets. Clearing, draining, and fertilizing of cropland and pasture may have increased numbers of Townsend's mole. -
RAMIK® Green Mini Bait Packs
SPECIMEN LABEL ™ ™ RODEX Mole-EX Gel Formula Poison Mole Bait For the Control of Moles ACTIVE INGREDIENT: (Condylura cristata), hairy-tailed moles (Parascalops Warfarin breweri), coast moles (Scapanus orarius), broad-footed moles [3-(alpha-Acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin]......00.025% (S. latimanus) or Townsend’s moles (S. townsendii) on lawns, INERT INGREDIENTS:...........................................99.975% turf areas, golf courses, and other non-food grassy areas. Bait TOTAL:....................................................................100.000% must be applied directly into main underground tunnel or EPA Reg. No. 72500-2-61282 EPA Est. No. 72500-CO-1 subsurface runways. Do not place bait above the ground surface. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN SELECTION OF TREATMENT AREAS: The presence of CAUTION moles may be indicated by a network of surface ridges in the turf or by a series of conical mounds of earth pushed up from deep burrows. Conical mounds may betray the location of PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS main underground runway. HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS CAUTION: Keep away from humans, domestic animals and BAITING: Prior to treatment, determine which burrow pets. If swallowed, this material may reduce the clotting systems are active. Using a round-ended wood rod, such as a ability of the blood and cause bleeding. broomstick, probe ground in vicinity of conical mounds or surface ridges until main runway is detected by a sudden NOTE TO PHYSICIAN AND VETERINARIAN: This decrease in resistance against the probe. Mark open burrow product reduces the clotting ability of the blood and may cause systems and revisit them in 2-3 days. For deeper tunnels, open hemorrhaging. If poisoning occurs, intramuscular and oral system with a shovel and leave open. -
Hedgehogs and Other Insectivores
ANIMALS OF THE WORLD Hedgehogs and Other Insectivores What is an insectivore? Do hedgehogs make good pets? What is a mole’s favorite meal? Read Hedgehogs and Other Insectivores to find out! What did you learn? QUESTIONS 1. Shrews live on every continent except ... 4. The largest member of the mole family is a. North America the ... b. Asia and South America a. Blind mole c. Europe b. European mole d. Antarctica and Australia c. Star-nosed mole d. Russian desman mole 2. Moonrats live in ... a. Southeast Asia 5. What type of insectivore is this? b. Southwest Asia c. Southeast Europe d. Southwest Europe 3. The smallest mammal in North America is the ... a. Hedgehog 6. What type of insectivore is this? b. Pygmy shrew c. Mouse d. Rat TRUE OR FALSE? _____ 1. There are 400 kinds of _____ 4. Shrews live about one to two insectivores. years in captivity. _____ 2. Hedgehogs have been known to _____ 5. Solenodons can grow to nearly eat poisonous snakes. 3 feet in length. _____ 3. Hedgehogs do not spit on _____ 6. Hedgehogs make good pets and themselves. can help control pests in gardens and homes. © World Book, Inc. All rights reserved. ANSWERS 1. d. Antarctica and Australia. According 4. d. Russian desman mole. According to section “Where in the World Do Insectivores to section “Which Is the Largest Member of Live?” on page 8, we know that “Insectivores the Mole Family?” on page 46, we know that live almost everywhere. Shrews, for example, “Desmans are larger than moles, growing live on every continent except Australia and to lengths of 14 inches (36 centimeters) from Antarctica.” So, the correct answer is D. -
Environmental DNA (Edna) Metabarcoding of Pond Water As a Tool To
1 Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of pond water as a tool to 2 survey conservation and management priority mammals 3 4 Lynsey R. Harpera,b*, Lori Lawson Handleya, Angus I. Carpenterc, Muhammad Ghazalid, Cristina 5 Di Muria, Callum J. Macgregore, Thomas W. Logana, Alan Lawf, Thomas Breithaupta, Daniel S. 6 Readg, Allan D. McDevitth, and Bernd Hänflinga 7 8 a Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK 9 b Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 10 Illinois, USA 11 c Wildwood Trust, Canterbury Rd, Herne Common, Herne Bay, CT6 7LQ, UK 12 d The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh Zoo, 134 Corstorphine Road, Edinburgh, EH12 6TS, UK 13 e Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK 14 f Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK 15 g Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK 16 h Ecosystems and Environment Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of 17 Salford, Salford, M5 4WT, UK 18 19 *Corresponding author: [email protected] 20 Lynsey Harper, Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois 21 at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA 22 ©2019, Elsevier. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http:// 23 creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 1 24 Abstract 25 26 Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding can identify terrestrial taxa utilising aquatic habitats 27 alongside aquatic communities, but terrestrial species’ eDNA dynamics are understudied. -
Fragmenta Theriologica
ACTA THERIOLOGICA Vol. 24, 21: 267—276, 1979 Fragmenta Theriologica Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen in Mole Tunnels Stężenie dwutlenku węgla i tlenu w korytarzach kreta / V. H. SCHAEFER & R. M. F. S. SADLEIR Schaefer V H. & Sadleir R. M. F. S., 1979: Concentrations of carbon dioxide and oxygen in mole tunnels. Acta theriol., 24, 21: 267—271 [With 2 Tables], Air samples were collected from mole (Scapanus orarius True, 1896) runs and in adjacent soil at two week intervals over a four month period and examined for C02 and 0 2 content. Oxygen and C02 concen trations in mole tunnels were highly correlated with those of the soil air. Oxygen was consistently higher; and COz consistently lower, in mole runs, indicating a degree of aeration in the runs. The gas con centrations of runways and soil air were correlated with soil moisture content — CO, increasing and O, decreasing in the tunnels with in creasing moisture. Carbon dioxide reached a maximum tunnel concen tration of 5.5% and 0 2 a minimum of 14.3%. Molehill construction rates were not related to either C02 or 0 2 concentrations. [Dept. Biol. Sci., Simon Fraser Univ., Burnaby, B. C. V5A 1S6, Ca nada]. 1. INTRODUCTION Moles live in a network of tunnels, usually at depths of 10—30 cm and normally come above ground only to disperse (Glendenning, 1959; M e 11 a n b y, 1971; Q u i 11 i a m, 1966; Southern, 1954), or under unusual cirumstances such as drought (Morris, 1966). The atmosphere of mole runs could be expected to be high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen. -
Revision of Moles in the Genus Scapanus
THERYA, 2021, Vol. 12(2):275-281 DOI:10.12933/therya-21-1174 ISSN 2007-3364 Revision of moles in the genus Scapanus SERGIO TICUL ÁLVAREZ-CASTAÑEDA1 *, AND PATRICIA CORTES-CALVA1 1 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, CP. 23096. La Paz, Baja California Sur, México. Email: [email protected] (STA-C), [email protected] (PCC). *Corresponding author Scapanus latimanus is a species with many morphological differences among its populations. This variation is associated with multiple taxonomic changes at the species or subspecies level. This study incorporates genetic analyses and comparisons with previous morphological studies to propose a better understanding of the latimanus complex. Mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; and cytochrome c oxidase subunit III) were sequenced to construct a phylogeny for the subfamily Scalopinae in North America. Genetic dis- tances ranged from 2.49 to 10.50 % among geographic areas. Results identified three monophyletic clades with high bootstrap support values. Based on our phylogenetic analysis and previous morphological analyses, we confirm S. anthonyi from San Pedro Mártir as a valid species and propose that S. occultus from southern California and northern Baja California peninsula be considered as a species. Scapanus latimanus es una especie con muchas diferencias morfológicas entre sus poblaciones. Esta variación está asociada con múltiples cambios taxonómicos a nivel de especie o subespecie. Para proponer una mejor comprensión del complejo latimanus, en este estudio se in- corpora la información genética a los estudios previos de morfología. Se secuenciaron genes de origen mitocondrial (citocromo b; citocromo c oxidasa subunidad I y III) para construir la filogenia para la subfamilia Scalopinae en Norteamérica. -
Zhuding Qiu & Gerhard Storch Contents Introduction Extensive
China Zhuding Qiu & Gerhard Storch Qiu, Z.D. & Storch, G. China. In: Hoek Ostende, L.W. van den, Doukas, C.S. & Reumer, J.W.F. (eds), The Fossil Record of the Eurasian Neogene Insectivores (Erinaceomorpha, Soricomorpha, Mammalia), Part I. Scripta Geologica Special Issue, 5: 37-50, Leiden, November 2005. Z. Qiu, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP), Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 643, Beijing 100044, China, ([email protected]); G. Storch, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberg- Anlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ([email protected]). Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 Insectivore faunas in the Neogene of China ......................................................................................... 38 References .................................................................................................................................................................. 48 Introduction Extensive excavation activities by the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleo- anthropology, Beijing (IVPP) over the last 20 years have increased our knowledge of the Neogene micromammals from China considerably. Yet, it is still rather fragmentary; we deal with a very vast country with a complex geological and faunal history and varied ecological conditions at all times. The fossil sites are not distributed evenly in time and space (Fig. 1), and among