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Sikh Heritagization in Canada (Cultura. Vol. XI CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2014 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2014 Vol XI No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL ISBN 978-3-631-66062-1 www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2014_266062_VOL_11_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 03.12.14 12:11 CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2014 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2014 Vol XI No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2014_266062_VOL_11_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 03.12.14 12:11 CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology E-ISSN (Online): 2065-5002 ISSN (Print): 1584-1057 Advisory Board Prof. Dr. David Altman, Instituto de Ciencia Política, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Chile Prof. Emeritus Dr. Horst Baier, University of Konstanz, Germany Prof. Dr. David Cornberg, University Ming Chuan, Taiwan Prof. Dr. Paul Cruysberghs, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Prof. Dr. Nic Gianan, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines Prof. Dr. Marco Ivaldo, Department of Philosophy “A. Aliotta”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy Prof. Dr. Michael Jennings, Princeton University, USA Prof. Dr. Maximiliano E. Korstanje, University of Palermo, Argentina Prof. Dr. Richard L. Lanigan, Southern Illinois University, USA Prof. Dr. Christian Lazzeri, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, France Prof. Dr. Massimo Leone, University of Torino, Italy Prof. Dr. Asunción López-Varela Azcárate, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Prof. Dr. Christian Möckel, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany Prof. Dr. Devendra Nath Tiwari, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Prof. Dr. José María Paz Gago, University of Coruña, Spain Prof. Dr. Mario Perniola, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy Prof. Dr. Traian D. Stănciulescu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iassy, Romania Prof. Dr. Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, Purdue University & Ghent University Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: Co-Editors: Prof. dr. Nicolae Râmbu Prof. dr. Aldo Marroni Faculty of Philosophy and Social- Dipartimento di Lettere, Arti e Scienze Sociali Political Sciences Università degli Studi G. d’Annunzio Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Italy B-dul Carol I, nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania [email protected] [email protected] PD Dr. Till Kinzel Executive Editor: Englisches Seminar Dr. Simona Mitroiu Technische Universität Braunschweig, Human Sciences Research Department Bienroder Weg 80, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University 38106 Braunschweig, Germany Lascar Catargi, nr. 54, 700107 Iasi, Romania [email protected] [email protected] Editorial Assistant: Dr. Marius Sidoriuc Designer: Aritia Poenaru Cultura International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology Vol. 11, No. 2 (2014) Editor-in-Chief Nicolae Râmbu Guest Editors: Sonia Catrina and Cyril Isnart Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Umschlagabbildung: © Aritia Poenaru ISSN 2065-5002 ISBN 978-3-631-66062-1(Print) E-ISBN 978-3-653-05406-4 (E-Book) DOI 10.3726/978-3-653-05406-4 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Frankfurt am Main 2014 All rights reserved. Peter Lang Edition is an Imprint of Peter Lang GmbH. Peter Lang – Frankfurt am Main · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Warszawa · Wien All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com CONTENTS Sonia Catrina & Cyril Isnart 7 Introduction: Mapping the Moving Dimensions of Heritage Nicolito A. Gianan 19 Heritage-making and the Language of Auctoritas and Potestas Susan LT Ashley 39 Re-telling, Re-cognition, Re-stitution: Sikh Heritagization in Canada Michel Rautenberg & Sarah Rojon 59 Hedonistic Heritage: Digital Culture and Living Environment VintilĈ MihĈilescu 83 “Something Nice.” Pride Houses, Post-peasant Society and the Quest for Authenticity Meglena Zlatkova 109 (Re-) Settled People and Moving Heritage – Borders, Heirs, Inheritance Ema Pires 133 Re-scripting Colonial Heritage Eloy Martos Núñez & Alberto Martos García 145 Tourist Neoreadings of Heritage in Local and Transnational Contexts Elena Serdyukova 163 Keeping of Cultural Heritage in Emigration: Experience of Russia Abroad VARIA Thorsten Botz-Bornstein 18 Believers and Secularists: “Postmodernism,” Relativism, and Fake Reasoning 10.5840/cultura201411214 Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology 11(2)/2014: 39–58 Re-telling, Re-cognition, Re-stitution: Sikh Heritagization in Canada Susan LT Ashley Faculty of Arts, Design and Social Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK NE1 8ST [email protected] Abstract. In Canada, the language and techniques of museums and heritage sites have been adopted and adapted by some immigrant communities to make sense of their place within their new country. For some groups, “heritagization” is a new val- ue, mobilized for diverse purposes. New museums and heritage sites serve as a form of ethnic media, becoming community gathering points, taking on pedagogical roles, enacting citizenship, and enabling strategic assertion of identity in the public sphere. This article explores this enactment of heritage and citizen-membership through a case study, the Sikh Heritage Museum, developed in Abbotsford by Indo- Canadians. Established in 2011 in an historic and still-functioning gurdwara, the museum is an example of a community’s desire to balance inward-looking historical consciousness and community belonging, with outward-looking voice, recognition and acceptance by mainstream Canadian society. The museum has also become a site of tension between top-down and bottom-up initiatives, where amateur and lo- cal expressions butt up against professionalized government activities such as the Canadian Historical Recognition Program that seek to insert formal recognition and social inclusion policies. The article considers the effects of this resource and power differential on the museum’s development, and on the sensibilities and practices of immigrant “heritage” and “citizenship” in Canada. Keywords: Canada, Sikh, heritagization, recognition, citizenship In Canada, the language and techniques of museums and heritage sites has been adopted and adapted by some “multicultural” immigrant com- munities to make sense of their place within their new country. For some groups, “heritagization” has been mobilized for diverse purposes. New museums and heritage sites serve as a form of ethnic media (Karim, 2002), becoming community gathering points, taking on pedagogical roles, enacting citizenship, and enabling strategic assertion of identity in the public sphere. This article explores this expression of heritage and citizen-membership through a case study, the Sikh Heritage Museum, developed in Abbotsford by Indo-Canadians. It offers insights into how this community enacted heritage values to support inward-looking and 39 Susan LT Ashley / Re-telling, Re-cognition, Re-stitution outward-looking goals, employing particular subjectivities and practices to serve in-group needs and external demands. Both orientations func- tion within and respond to the distinctive context of Canadian multicul- turalism, which operates conceptually, socially and politically as a central value of Canadian identity. Heritagization centred around the Sikh gurd- wara was both a bottom-up activity by local community members and a top-down initiative generated through government policies. This resulted in differences in audiences, modes and practices of mediation, and some- times conflicting goals and valuations of heritagization. HERITAGIZATION AND MULTICULTURALIZATION Heritagization will be explored in this article as a process that places val- ue upon places, people, things, practices, histories or ideas as an inher- itance from the past. Sánchez-Carretero (2013) points out that heritagiza- tion has been a French and European term (patrimonialisation)
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