MATCH-FIXING IN A SELECTED ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

DISSERTATION

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT Of THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

Maittt of HibrarILihvatvp anft^formatio ani^nl n ^cirucc

By NAZISM SARWAR Rot! No. 2KLSM-25 Enrol. No. Y-2402

Under the supervision of Miss. SUDHARHA HARIDASAN

DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH () -. 2001 DS33U9 Dedicated

O 2221/2yp t)CZ2^ ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY, ALIGARH ••6 Dh„.,» fEPBX : 700916, 20-23, 26 Ext. 193/4 DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY f-none j ^.^^^^ . 700039 AND Fax: 91-0571-400528,401221 INFORMATION SCIENCE

Ref. No. Dated...

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Miss Nazish Sarwar has completed her

dissertation entitled " in Cricket", in partial fulfillment

^fihe requirements for the degree of Master of Library and Information

Science. She has conduct the work under my supervision.

Miss. SiiJfifffHfaTTaridasan Lecturer CONTENTS

Page No.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i-ii

Scope and Methodology i-iii

PART-I

Descriptive Part 1-38

Introduction

PART-II 3 9

List of Publications 40-221

Bibliographical Part

Bibliography with Annotations

PART - III

Alphabetical Index Parts

Author Index 222-228

Title Index 229-238 All praises and thanks to Almighty Allah, "He who taught the use of the pen taught the man which he knew not", for choosing kind people during difficult times to guide

md help me in the study.

I have no words to describe the contribution of my supervisor,

MISS SUDHARMA HARIDASAN, Lecturer, Department of Library

and Information Science, A.M.U., Aligarh in completion of this

task. He has always provided shelter to me against all odds. He

has been a source of inspiration to me in my difficult moments.

Isincerely wish to express thanks lo my respected Chairman,

MR. S. MUSTAFA ZAIDI and PROF. SHABAHAT HUSAIN for

their entire support.

I am also sincerely wish to express thanks to all my respected

teachers Deptt. of Library and Information Science, Mr. Asif

Fareed Siddiqui, Mr. Masoom Raza, Mr. Naushad Ali PM and

Miss Nishat Fatima.

I am also grateful to MR. SHAMIM HAIDER MOHD. RAIS,

Incharge of Periodical Section and other staff members. I am extremely thankful to DR. FAIZAN MUSTAFA, Director of Teaching and Guidance and PROF. NOORUL HASAN

Librarian, A.M.U.. Aligarh.

I would also like to thanks some of the friends SHAISTA

HASNAIN, SHAILA FATIMA, SHANE ALAM and FAISAL BHAI

because of their substantial contribution I am unable to collect data

within a short time.

Finally no words could possibly express my deepest gratitude to my parents. There loving encouragement and many sacrifices

could never be forgotten. This piece of work is humbly dedicated

to my father MR. SARWAR MUSTAFA KHAN.

NAZISH SARWAR Aim & Scope

All the counters of the world not only in the test matches rather in one days too were found involved. It is separate factor that some wise officials of certain country/countries tried their level test to favour the players of their country/countries.

However the outsiders made their efforts to change the nature of theteam sprit and they made it the source of income. No doubt the

mental horizens of themost players have been changed.

Methodology :

The primary source were consulted in the following libraries.

(i) Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

(ii) Coaching and Guidance Cell, AMU, Aligarh.

Standard Followed :

The Indian standards recommended for bibliographical references

(18:2381-1963) and classified catalogue code (CCC) of Dr. S.R>

Ranganathan have been followed. In some cases were IS! do not give

any guidance, I have taken apropriate decision.

Arrangement :

The entries are arranged under subject heading which are arranged alphabetically, following letter by letter method. The entry elements of the author is on capital and small letters and then title of the articles. subtitle (if any) tiien name of the periodical being underlined followed by the volume issue num.ber, the year, month and date giving by using inclusive notation of the pages of the articles.

Entries of periodical articles are arrnaged as follows :

(a) Serial number

(b) Name of the Author/Authors.

(c) A full stop (.)

(d) Title of the contribution including subtitle and alternative title if any.

(e) A full stop (.)

(f) Title of periodical beign underlined.

(g) A full stop (.)

(h) Volume Number

(i) Comma (,)

(j) Issue number

(k) Semi Colon (;)

(I) year

(m) Comma (,)

(n) Month

(o) Comma (,)

(p) Date

(q) Semi colon (;)

(r) Inclusive pages of the articles

(s) A full stop (.) Abstract :

The entry's in the bibliography contains abstract given the essential information about the articles. Attempts have been made topapers indicative abstract; so that in most of thecases users needs are fulfilled with abstract itself.

Subject Heading :

Attempts have been made to give co-extensive subject headings much as possible, it will facilitate the readers to find out desired articles (s) from this bibliography.

Index :

The Index part contains the author index, and title index arranged alphabetically The index guides to the specific entry or entries in the

Bibliography It is hoped that it will be found useful in consultation of the bibliography. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

Title Place Frequency

1. Frontline Madras Fortnightly

2. India today New Weekly

3. Sportster Madras Weekly

4. Week New Delhi Weekly

5. Krickettalk New Delhi Weekly

6. Outlook New Delhi Fortnightly

7. Times of India New Delhi Daily

8. New Delhi Daily Part one

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

yet the game and the bet have walked hand in hand for centuries, although not always with happy results. Cricket in the

18'" and early 19*" centuries was the object of much wagering and at one period this grew to such proportions that it brought the game into disrepute nearly 20,000 Pounds inside the history of sports has many murky chapters on sullied sportsmen and administrators. The greatest of all sporting scandals occured as far back as in 1919 almost 10 years later Pete Rose Klas found guilty of betting on the outcome of baseball games. Soccer, perhaps the most popular sport has not been immune from the stench of scandal either. In 1993, Olympique Marseilles became the first French Club to win the European Cup, through a Basile

Boli goal to beat the mighty AC Milan. Mere months later, the club president Bernard Tapic Klas on his Kaly to fact after it emerged that Marseilles had paid Valenciennes money to lose a vital

French first division game. Italian football was torn asunder by a whole series of match-fixing scandals that saw the fans questioning the very foundations of the beautiful game" in Italy.

Jim Thorpe Klas stripped off two Olympic medals in 1912 for trying semi-professional baseball in 1908. The medal was returned in 1982. The rest, as they say, is history, Rossi going on to score six goals as the Azzurri captured the World Cup for the third time. In the midst of all the euphoria surroundings the World

Cup win, all former transgressions were forgive and Rossi once more took his place as a national icon.

There have been other instances too of matches where some skulduggery was suspected to have taken place but could never be proved. Most prominent among such instances was

American Football's NFL Championship game in 1940. Play on home turf, the Washington Redskins led by the legendary Sammy

Baugh, were at the wrong end of a 73-0 massacre. Though some columnists saw it as a triumph for the revolutionary formation pioneered by Chicago Bear's head coach George Halas, others were less than convinced about the legitimacy of the what added fuel to the fire was the fact that the Redskins had beaten the Bears 7-3, in a tight defensive battle, just three weeks previously. Boxing has always been stigmatised by its underworld connections. La Motta's Mob connection prevented him from achieving true boxing immortality and also contributed in no small measure to his descent to the depths of prison life. La Motta's is a tragic story, and a reminder of sport and the murky world of betting have become inexorably linked. Cricket crucified for cash.

This was the title suggested Infest by Ces Wallace, sports editor of The Herald for a story on the drawn Sydney test of the 1958-59 series. The test was seemingly drawn deliberately in order to ensure a full house for the final test at . This was before the days of match-fixing but that heading could aptly be used to project current happenings in the game. These days no cricketer will ever be seen sharing a cycle rickshaw as Polly

Umrigar and G.S. Ramchand were said to have done during the

1958 test against the West Indies at Kanpur. For today, a test cricketer lifestyle is like that of a highly paid company director and good luck to him.

Hence most of the controversies later revolved round the selection of captains and officials. The ugliest of them all concerned the incidents which occurred during the 1936 tour of

Vizzy's team in England, leading to the return home of Lala

Amarnath for insubordination. There were other sordid happening like Vizzy's instruction to Mushtaq to get Merchant . But the only money transaction was the presentation of sovereigns to opposing fast bowlers by Vizzy. Incidentally, Justice Meaumont who was appointed to inquire into the unsavoury events turned in a report which was a non-committal as justice Chandrachud's.

Most of the other issues were raised by the media, like that in

1946 when the Nawab of Pataudi (Senior) beat Vijay Merchant in the race for the India captaincy by the narrow margin of two-votes

- one of them belonging to an official who was held hostage in a toilet for an hour, with the promised to vote for Pataudi. There was also a fair amount of flask against the selectors who chose the 1948 team to Australia for a couple of rank outsiders were Included. Surprisingly, there was not a whimper of protest from the Board in 1971'when PataudI Jr. was voted out of office by the Chairman of the selection committee, Vijay

Merchant, In favour of . But the critics were silenced by the success of the team in the dual series against west Indies and England. Earlier Pataudi had lost some of the sympathy he had in Board circles when he was reluctant to tour Australia unless he was given the manager of his choice Gulam Ahmed instead of Ram Prakash Mehra. The captaincy since then has taken a fairly predictable course, with some ups and downs.

Bishen Singh Bedi and enjoyed fairly long tenures, broken by the usual sports with the men in authority without ever coming to grief, while waited his turn in the wings.

Who says match fixing in is recent? It happened even in 1966-67 in the test series between India and

West Indies the late I.S. Johar (film maker and comedian) disclosed to the late Raj Kapoor (in film fare, Dec-Jan '66) that he had paid Sir Rs. 10,000 to score 'zero' in the

Bombay match. The West Indian was awaiting a call from a

Mumbai bookie that the bet was on, but unfortunately it never came. For Johar realised it would be a crime if bookies were

allowed to get their talons on the cricketers.

January 30, 1980: Calcutta test between India and Pakistan:

After a night of heavy betting, Asif Iqbal declared his team's first

when they were behind India's score.

November 4, 1987: Reliance World Cup Semi Final between

Pakistan and Australia at Lahore. Sarfaraz Nawaz accused Javed

Miandad of having entered into an agreement with Sheikh Abdul

Rehman Bukhatir to ensure Pakistan defeat.

February, 1994: series between

India and New Zealand in New Zealand. Danny Morrison alleged that an Indian player offered him $1,000 for information on the

pitch and weather.

March 16, 1994: Christchurch ODI between Pakistan and

New Zealand, Ata-ur-Rahman alleged that Salim Malik, Wasim

Akram and Ijaz Ahmed fixed the match.

September 15, 1994: Singer World Series in Colombo,

Manoj Prabhakar alleged that he was offered Rs. 25 lakh by a

team mate before the Pakistan match. Sohail alleged that two

Indian players approached him, Aaqib Javed accused Salim Malik

and six other players of being in touch with bookie Hanif. and admitted they had received $6000 and

$5000 for tipping an Indian bookies about pitch and weather.

September 28 - October 2, 1994: test between

Pakistan and Australia, Shane Warne and Tim May alleged that

Salim Malik offered them Rs. 70 lakh apiece.

October 22, 1994: Rawalpindi ODI between Pakistan and

Australia in the Wills Triangular series, Warne, May and Mark

Waugh alleged that Salim Malik offered them bribe.

January 31 - February 4, 1995: Harare test between

Pakistan and Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe won by an innings and 64 runs. and Rashid Latif cried foul and announced their retirement.

February 16, 1995: Napier ODI between India and New

Zealand. A cop alleged that a bookie had been in touch with Indian players and officials, India lost by 4 .

March 9, 1996: Wills World Cup Quarter Final in between India and Pakistan, pulled out of the match because of a shoulder injury. A section of the media alleged that they got to know from bookies 48 hours before the event that

Akram would not play. September 1, 1996: ODI between Pakistan and England n

Nottingham, Rashid Latif alleged that members of his team had accepted bribes. Latif scored a match winning 31 in 28 balls. He was later axed from the side.

July-August, 1999: Test series between England and New

Zealand in England. Chris Lewis alleged that Austin Khetrapal, proprietor Delhi-base Radiant Sports Management, had offer him

300,000 pounds before a test match to play badly and to persuade his team mates. Alec Stewart and Allan Mullaly to follow suit. New Zealand Stephen Flemming also alleged that Khetrapal had approached him.

HOW THIS BEATING START

Ever heard of Oonua, Sami Marij, Bhabhar and Meshana?

They are cricket betting not sportsim. Gujarat where crores of rupees change hands for every one dayer, if it is 20 crore in

Bhabhas, Rs. 10 to 15 crore in Sami Harij and Rs. 10 crore in

Mehsand. Fair indication of the extent to which cricket bookies have spread their tentacles in the country.

Mumbai, however, accounts for 25 percent of the estimated

Rs. 1,000 crore involved in cricket betting in the country. There are about 100 top bookies in the city and some of them have computerised offices in the central business districts of south 8

Mumbai. Six sub-bookies accept bets for the top bookie. A large number of small time bookies - they are there in every locality report to the sub-bookies.

The bets start with the toss and are along the following lines a) which team will make how may runs; b) how many runs in the last 10 overs?; c) how many runs in the first 15 overs?; d) what would happen after each oyer and even ball and; e) how many runs would a particular batsman score? Big betting starts at Rs.

25,000 (quarter in betting lingo), rising to Rs. 50,000 (ardho) Rs.

1 lakh (peti) Rs. 10 lakh (dhol) and Rs. One crore (khokha or cupboard). The betting rates swings as a match progresses. The rates would go up or down depending on which team has proved the pundits wrong. The big-time punters are big businessmen, top company executives, traders and wholesalers, jewellers and under world operators - in short, those who have black money at their disposal. Such is the clout of these satta gangs that they can even get the pitch tampered with. In one instance, the pitch at the Ahmedabad stadium was surreptitiously relaid on the third night of a test between India and New Zealand. It seems a ground man — mentioned to a scribe that the pitch would turn from the third day. That sent panic waves among the bookies who had other plans. They got the pitch tampered with or so goes the talk. The agents at the venue of the match operate from rented houses with some 10 telephones. They hang out near dressing rooms and in VIP sections when the match is in progress and talk business is close to two superstars of Indian cricket, one of whom stand t9 gain much in his business from this association. A retried national player has told friends in private that "almost every match is fixed" and that players who do not co-operate are dropped for no explicable reasons.

Bernard Shaw may be wrong, after all cricket is no fools game. The only fools are the fans.

The Cronje match fixing seems a straight loft from a

Bollywood potholder consider this a foreign educated villain-in- disguise-of-hero (Cronje), son of an upper class Zamindar (South

African Board), rapes this poor village girl (Asian Cricket) with the help of his cronies (bookies). In confessing his guilt, ousted captain has proved he is not only a great cricketer but also a courageous human being with the Cronje episode, its time to coin a whole new vocabulary wherein to be Hansie would mean to be cheated or let down badly (Cronje by confessing his misdeals, has emerged taller than many of the players who have fixed matches but those denied doing so the best punishment for him would be to forgive him and let him resume his normal game. 10

The Hansie Cronje betting scandal has shaken up the game. It is appalling to learn that a cricketer of Hansie Cronje's stature has fallen prey to the lure of Mammon. He was one player nobody would have suspected of fixing scores or matches in exchange of money. The damming evidence against Cronje which vindicated the stance of the Delhi Police. This nexus between players and bookies has come as a shocker to the entire cricketing and fans across the globe. It is high time the ICC formulates stringent regulations to prevent this pristine and precious game from falling into disrepute. The Delhi Police may have been vindicated by Hansie Cronje's confession of dishonestly and his subsequent sacking as captain of South African's cricket team.

But it also puts additional pressure on the investigators. Because if leads are probed properly, there are other, equally shocking, revelations waiting to be discovered. The Hansie Cronje story has shattered the cricket world beyond human comprehension.

No matter how hard one may try it would be well high impossible to defend the defamed South African captain. One little moment of weakness has done untold damage to a person, who is not a hardcore criminal. The sad part is the unearthing of hordes of holy men who continue to live in glass houses. History is replete with a long list of waning on the folly of greed. May be the greed for financial success ensnares as many achieves as it enriches. 11

To be precise, prudence is not exactly a call to action. A large majority of cricketers in India are horrified at Hansie's dealing with a murky world. But we are not exempt from nature's laws of growth and the perilous course of greed in under-developed countries is often vulnerable at the doors of great public figure.

The evidence may not be forthcoming immediately. But the general cry for professional investigation definitely draws our attention to the likelihood of Indian involvement a la Hansie

Cronje. In the progressive world of big and small business deals, there is an intriguing new mantra - it is not just that the big will eat the small. But the fast will swallow the slow. For every success story there exist a corresponding cautionary tale. Greed and megalomania - common human weaknesses are often the undoing of the over ambitious considering reactions evoked by

Hansie Cronje's Indian connections. Just imagine what is lying ahead for an Indian in a similar case of playing with fire. Delhi

Police sources reveal that at least two Indian cricketers may fall into the dragnet.

Their names are mentioned by London based book maker

Chawla while taking to the South African captain, but that is not enough concrete evidence against them. But source also claim that the police have enough evidence to prove the involvement of the star middle order batsman of the Indian one-day squad. 12

apparently mentioned by Chawla during his conversation with

Cronje. This player is close to Chawla and the other accused

Kishan Kumar a crime branch official disclosed the taped conversation, which form a vital part of the prosecution's evidence also reveals that Chawla was close to at least two more Indian cricketers, but its yet to be confirmed in what context. Chawla spokes of them during his conversation with Crojne. The entire racket was exposed as a result of monitoring calls on Kumar's cellular phone. Unaware of the fact that even his cell phone was being tapped, he frequently called his contacts abroad to fix deals and later to transfer money. Assistant Commissioner of Police,

Rishi Pal and Inspector Iswar Singh of the crime branch reacted when Kumar mentioned the word 'pitch' and players and they suspected that he could be member of a betting cartel involved in match-fixing. Apart from the taped conversation between Chawla and Cronje, the Delhi police are also banking on the statements made by waiters and bell-boys who were on duty at the Taj on

March 14, so that they can confirm the meeting between Cronje and Chawla. Delhi police feel Chawla's arrest has sealed investigations into the case. The London police have ensured

Chawla never has to set foot on Indian soil his case will drag on for decades. The Delhi police does not believe that Chawla is a linchpin in the match-fixing scandal. Chawla will finally fit into the 13

whole sorry saga remains to be seen. It was of course his voice that was famously caught on tape with Cronje's in March last year after initially pleading his innocence, the South African's captain admitted that he had received 6000 pounds from Chawla for personal favours during the final test against England in Prelona last January the observer story, ironically, might just take the heat off, Chawla. It is Khetrapal who now seems to hold the key although he vehemently denies having had anything to do with

Lewis or match-fixing. He also denied knowing Chawla. London based Indian businessman. As he committed a crime of selling

Information to bookmaker. Set off an intense debate on the current rote in cricket. Cronje had admitted receiving between

10,000 and $ 15,000 for selling information UCBSA officials approved yet knew almost nothing about a series of benefit games, arranged in India through Cronje which were to be played in a fortnight. They were to include most of the South African and

Indian teams but were cancelled once the scandal became public.

In transcripts which police claims are conversations involving

Crojne and an illegal bookmaker, he spoke about Heischlle Gibbs,

Nicky Boje, Henry Williams and Pieter Strydom all being involved.

Match-fixing was unheard of when the pair were approached in Sri

Lanka during 1994. It was not publicly exposed until former

Pakistan Captain Salim Malik was confronted by the team 14

manager in a short tour of New Zealand in 1995. Hansie Cronje's admission of guilt and allegations that he was involved in current role in cricket and public were stunned by the disclosure. Fans in

India meanwhile were rocked by allegation about the involvement of some Indian cricketers too.

Why? That's the question on everybody's lips. For an insignificant amount Hansie Cronje has put his career on the line and cricket's reputation in question. Is it match-fixing or match forecasting? Either way credibility is at its lowest ebb. There are no easy answer as to why international cricketers see the need to supplement their already above average incomes or is there a deeper-sealed rebellion against administrators and those who negotiate TV rights and cricket income in general.

Cricket's trust with the courtroom of justice king had shaken

South Africa. But as idol after idol displays feet of clay, one of sports biggest scandals only threatening to get bigger. Cronje's testimony has shaken cricket's cosy word he said during a test in

Kanpur in 1996 "Azhar introduced me to Mukesh Gupta who offered me $30,000 to lose a test" adding three more bookies to cricket's most wanted list - "Sunil", the famous Mr. John" and one

"Martin Aronstam". It is hardly surprising Cronje took this stance during his career he was the punster boy of the United Cricket 15

Board (UCB). Even now in the deepest public disgrace possible,

Cronje had succeeded in becoming a symbol, the Christian

Cricketers who had by his confession saved world cricket. The

suspicion that Indian players are involved in match fixing is

heightened by Hansie Cronje's startling charges against

Mohammed Azharuddin. , UCBSA Chief says he knew a big Indian bookie, Mr. R; also Majid Khan told him two of the

1999 world cup matches were fixed. Bacher revealed that Cronje has been constantly pestered by bookmakers during last months of India tour. The matter of match-fixing charges against South

African Captain Hansie Cronje apparently went up to the level of foreign minister. In fact South African high Commissioner to India

has made an official request to the Indian government for a copy of the tapes. The stand of the Delhi police is that after the case was registered the tapes were sealed and they could only be retrieved after the case came up for hearing. Crojne predictably has paid the price for committing sin he has been dropped from the team before first set of three match series against Australia.

Australian Cricket Board revealed that Mark Waugh and Shane

Warne had disclosed to it that they had taken money for passing

information on pitch and weather conditions to a bookmaker. The

ICC appointed a high-powered code of conduct commission to

review the inquires of the board of control for cricket in India and 16

Australian cricket board to report to the captain and team maker if a player is found guilty of accepting money from a bookmaker for any reason.

After five months of interrogation and corroboration, the central bureau of investigation (CBI) has conclusively named top cricketers as being conduits to bookies and punters. It also leaves no one in doubt that the core of Indian cricket was rotten, not just a few apples. Most creditable is the way the investigator have managed to extract a confession from former Indian captain

Mohammed Azharuddin and added a section questioning the sincerity of the cricket board in an employee of the state bank of

India and his partner is crime. Ajay Sharma works with central warehousing corporation, both as public servants should come under the prevention of corruption act. Special CBI director

Gopal Achari maintain that the investigations in India will continue. July 20 raid by the income tax (IT) department, part of an unprecedented nation- operation now famous as operation gentleman, revealed that the two cricketers had links to the same bookie and did business together. The tax sleuths also found details of undeclared assets and undervalued property. In early

June, the CBI which was probing the match-fixing scandal, had sent a note on the suspects to IT departments general investigation S.C. Parija. Investigators were convinced that the 17

malaise of corruption ran deep in Indian cricket they found after

raiding the house of a bits and piece players that some cricketers

who were not certainties in the national squad were playing upto

20 percent of their match fees to the national selector from their

zones for recommending their names. Karan Dubey of Delhi is

another bookie who was close to both and Kapil his

register shows several entries of payments worth lakhs made to the two cricketers. A 'fixer' Ajay Gupta tells his story to senior

assistant editor Ashok Malik that he had play a role in

India- Pakistan match in 1999 and four India

matches in 2000. There are two series flaws in the CBI report the

first concern his phone calls to Azhar coincidentally made before

cricket matches and held this up as an example of match-fixing

nest, he has accused of making payment to Azhar, Sharma and

Sanjay Anand. He confess that he was not unaware of the fixing

racket and cannot deny that he have bet occasionally. This was

betting illegal but very minor but not fixing. Unfortunately even as

the likes of Tendulkar, Kapil Dev and Azharuddin settle their

personal scores, Indian cricket continues to suffer. For the

modern day monarchs of manipulation are calling the shots in

Indian cricket, not quite a gentleman's game these days calls

them by the name of Rajsingh Dungarpur, Jaswant Leia and

Jagmohan Dalmiya or call them Kapil Dev, and 18

Azharuddin, the manifest face of directors of the theatre of the absurd. Sober said that it is the most terrible thing to happen for the game of cricket. It is like betraying your country for money.

Cricket greatest all-rounder is dismayed by the revelations that are rocking the game that he played, loved and breathed i can't believe that Mohammed Azharuddin would do such a thing, referring to the CBI's indictment of the former Indian captain in the match fixing scandal.

Indian cricketers, either present or past (except Prabhakar) have come out in public to talk about Indian players complicity that it was Kapil Dev who offered him Rs. 25 lakhs to under perform in 1994 Singer Cup match against Pakistan. Of course there was a stage when he was on his peak and Kapil Dev was on the decline. Already doubts have been expressed about Inderjit

Singh Bindra, a former president of the board of control for cricket in India (BCCI) and a bureaucrat to bool. Not only have the credibility and the loyalty of Kapil Dev been questioned but aspersions have been cast on Sunil Gavaskar integrity. The fact is, Kapil and Sunil are among cricketers who have taken the maximum number of wickets and scored the maximum number of runs respectively in Indian Test History. If Prabhakar has an item agenda; to bring Kapil Dev down, one has to develope deep into his psyche. One of his captains, Mohammed Azharuddin did have 19

the courage to tell an umpire, Jamula, that Prabhakar occasionally threw and after a contentions match in Banglore gave the umpire zero points as part of the captains ratings. It was a peevish gesture from a captain and a player who normally likes to stay away from controversy. Prabhakar's disillusionment with the system began way back in 1986 in

England when the captain Kapil Dev and the tour manager Raj

Sing Oungarpur summoned Madan Lai Sharma, who was playing in the leagues to replace an injured in a test when the all-rounder among the reserves in the squad. But the fact is that after that disheartening experience, Prabhakar got his chances and was praised when he performed well. If it can be proved that Kapil did not make him the offer in 1994, Prabhakar could well decide to become Robinson Crusoe without his man, but what he has certainly achieved is to make us doubt Kapil Dev.

And yet it must take enormous self-belief and courage on his part to make the charge. It is clear that he does not care about public, criticism or for any threats to his life. But if his happiness is dependent on making Kapil unhappy, then even Mike Brearley, former England captain and a practising psychoanalyst would have to throw his arms up just like Indian cricket is doing at the moment. The former Indian captain and the hero of countless youngsters emerged from the CBI headquarters. And he had a 20

huge, almost wicked grin, plastered on his face. He had not smiled at least in public for a long time. On many occasion in his playing days, Kapil Dev pulled India out of adversity. The allegations of match-fixing however, was a challenge like no other. It wiped away all that Kapil stood for along the way reducing him to tears and desperation. burning finger had not only singed the aura around his personality it has also shattered his peace. The direct effect was that Kapil resigned as coach of the Indian team. The pressure, the continued probing into his life and the doubts about his credibility were too much to take in the end.

There were others who remained disbelieving that India's

1983 World Cup winning captain was capable of corruption at the cost of country and still felt he was right in quitting. Their opinion was that he was suffering to much damage without any proof, so his move to resign was sensible. It must seem ironical that Kapil, who was in the forefront in advocating the cricket in India shold be suspended when the match-fixing scandal first broke in March.

After all, if Kapil indeed made him the precious offer in the mid

90's why should Prabhakar have to wait till 2000 to make public his allegations unsubstantiated with proof. Hardly had Kapil's tears dried up when South African captain Hansie Cronje dropped a bombshell by revealing that it was Mohammed Azharuddin who 21

had introduced him to MK, a bookie who offered him close to

$30,000 for losing the third test match at Kanpur in 1996.

One of the largely unexplored aspects of the path breaking

CBI report into the match-fixing scandals has been Mohammed

Azharuddin's link with the underworld. The former captain is said to have confessed to fixing matches and receiving money from bookies after the interrogators confronted him with his own photograph was unearthed during the raids following the serial blasts. It shows a relaxed Azhar smartly dressed in a black spotted shirt and white trousers and sitting in Menon's bedroom along with him and his brother Yakub Memon.

Intelligence sources said that he was also there in the bedroom of another don Dawood Ibrahim's key Lieutenant Sharad

Shetty with whom he was very friendly.

The CBI report only talks about a few instances of Azhar receiving payments for non-performance, but these do not explain his vast resources. Azhar friend and former Pakistan captain

Wasim Akarm was also said to be close to Dawood Ibrahim and

Shetty. The intelligence agencies are now probing how these four could have connived in match-fixing operations and other business initiatives. The intelligence officers have learned that the owners of a well known readymade retail garments outlet in 22

Colaba of South Mumbai and an advertising agency in the city were into betting and match-fixing. The garment retailer has now diversified into film production with the help of his overseas connections.

Dawood himself is in the process of diversifying into other sectors, while real estate and arms smuggling are not giving the same dividends as before, betting operations have come under close security. The don has entered into a strategic with an Indian gutka manufacturer and is palling to launch his oven brand of 'fire gutka' in Pakistan in January. He is also understood to have part financed the expansion operations of the

Indian gutka manufacturer who is setting up a new production centre near Ahmadabad.

Azhar alleged that he has been victimised by former cricketers Sunil Gavaskar, and Manoj Prabhakar and singled out by the media because of his religions affiliation. He stated that the trio of cricketers had ganged up against him because they could not see a Muslim leading and playing for India for so long and the media continues to be held guilty of indulging in selective reporting. It was a muggy day on September 4 when former chief justice of India Y.V. Chandrachud first appeared inclined to talk on match-fixing and bribery has disturbed Indian 23

cricket since June. Justice Chandrachud said that no Indian

player, official or journalist has ever fixed a match; nor had any of

them placed bets for the purpose of losing a match. There is

undoubtedly large scale betting on cricket, but that is a law and

order problem. While he did not rule out the possibility of some

Indian players being tempted to bet.

ALEGATiON AGAINST AZHARUDDIN SHAKEN INDIAN CRICKET

The allegations against Azharuddin have not only robbed him

of his reputation they have also made him into a reduce BCCI

commissioner K. Madhavan began his six hour long interrogation.

When did you start playing for India? asked Madhavan. Simple

question which elicited a simple answer. The next one was a well disguised yorker "aur tum desh ko kab se bechne mein lage ho"

Azhar flinched and buried his face in his arms. He was jittery and nervous and his downing of umpteen glasses of water during this

round of questioning brought back memories of his interrogation the CBI in July while he had then admitted before the CBI so have

"done" three matches, he reportedly denied the same before

Madhavan. Besides, he also vociferously rejected any connection with the Dubai underworld or having accepted money from bookies to under perform. For those who have known and have grown up with Azhar and played cricket with Azhar all saints school and Aliya 24

junior college, the allegations against the hero have been upsetting old friends often say the Azharuddin's marriage to

Sangeeta Bijiani was the beginning of his ill luck with Azharuddin confessing to the CBI the lid is off-on cicket's biggest scandal.

Mohd. Azharuddin former her Indian captain and darling of

Millions, found himself in front of the officers of the CBI and a mountain of evidence and could only say "haan meine match banaya tha (yes I had fixed the match). The first stroke of good fortune for the CBI came in the form of Hansie Cronje's testimony to the commission he stated that Azhar had introduced him to Delhi based "diamond merchant" Mukesh Gupta in Kanpur in 1996 he paid Cronje $40,000 for information. Critically for the CBI Azhar has confessed to having fixed matches, admitting he received money from Gupta for influencing the result of the matches in 1996 and one match in the Pepsi Cup in 1999. He is also the only player approached by the under world to fix games.

The CBI was able to move on to the players and Nayan

Mongia named by Azhar as his trusted allies in match fixing. With regard to the match-fixing is not it surprising that some members of the board do not want the CBI to look into the issue? It is not possible that match-fixing involves not just the players but also our deemed officials in the BCCI. The Cronje episode is a minor piece in a bigger puzzle. The players themselves are small fish and the 25

BCCI won't allow a proper investigation as it would confirm that cricketer's earning are peanuts compared to what many BCCI officials illegally make. It's high time better sense prevailed on

BCCI officials and they handed the matter over to the CBI.

It's been a stormy and sometimes bizarre week. Just when it seemed it investigations into the betting and match-fixing scandal was moving into an absurd game of allegations and counter-allegations that have completely deflected attention from the issue at hand. In a sense, that perhaps tells what cricket's biggest problem Is bigoted cricket administrators who care more for self than the game. Former BCCI president I.S. Bindra tirade against current ICC president Jagmohan Dalmiya is a case in point. What began as a quest to speed up the inquiry into the betting scandal degenerated rapidly into a farce, the rash of allegations which Bindra launched against Dalmiya without substantiating any spoke of an embittered relationship and a power struggle that has refused to die out. The BCCI secretary

J.Y. Leie is making controversial statements Indians are not involved in match-fixing. The reactions from the board officials have been typical when the world was reacting to the situation quite gravely the board put as a disappointing front by stating that there was nothing to worry. Forget match-fixing the BCCI's too busy with its private battle against the CBI. Successful 26

businessman president of the board of control for cricket in India

(BCCI), A.C. Muthaiya on November 29 he indicate a new

Interest; jurisprudence (CBI) in the match-fixing scandal would certainly be punished but, said the BCCI chief a "30 percent weightage" would be given to their performances on the field aside from studying the mechanics of the bookmaker player nexus, the CBI had accused the BCCI of being nepotistic, greedy and unprofessional. The upcoming CBI report on the TV rights scandal is already giving some senior BCCI officials sleepless nights. Muthiah has been under severe pressure form at least one senior politicians as well as a princely former BCCI president to be lenient towards Ajay Jadeja. Madhavan's assessment of the

CBI findings had held that "Ajay Jadeja" was not at all speaking the truth before me, had "convoluted explaining" and was guilty of unbecoming conduct". The board argued it had got more guarantee money and TV rights feel for specific tournaments than the CBI had alleged. In something of an ivory - patently lost on the participant - the BCCI meeting that dismissed the CBI's work was attended by the Rungta family and by Jagmohan Dalmiya.

The CBI step up its drive against corruption in cricket by identifying suspect TV deals and cracking down on the men behind them when the CBI's grim faced investigators arrived at the giant iron gates of 10 , Calcutta the bells rang 27

ominously for Jagmohan Dalmiya. He kept the team waiting for an hour even as the investigators moved into his plush home, similar searches were being conducted on 24 other premises in

Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow and Bangalore at the homes and workplaces of Doordarshan officials and televisions executives - men know to Dalmiya, one of India cricket's most influential officials unlike the CBI's foray into the illegal dealings of bookies and their attempts to bribe cricketers, telecast scams make for familiar territory. The deal on the purchase and sale of TV rights for lucrative cricket events, suspects the CBI cost DD heavily through alleged over pricing during bids, dubious negotiations by

DD officials Prasar Bharti. CEO Rajeeve Ratna Shah says he is distressed at the happenings in DD, but adds: if cleansing is required, cleaning will take place, says stracon's Kay. I do not feel victimised even though my name features in FIR. The CBI has a job to do, they are doing that there is a "cleansing" or its drive against corruption in cricket will come to a screeching halt.

The CBI report on match-fixing is only 40 percent of the truth.

There is lots more the sleuths did not publish details which throw a damming shadow on the game. Following its six month enquiry and the submission of the report to the sport ministry last week, the CBI maintains that the entire truth is not yet out. Our report we believe contains just 40 percent of the facts. The rest is still 28

wrapped in intrigue and mystery, says an official Manoj Prabhal

But till now that is not happened. Caught out by the CBI during the third round of interrogation when he was flooded with details of his liaisons and phone records with bookies, Prabhakar was candid enough to admit that he believed the CBI proheipat conduct to international cricketers. MK has already stated in his disposition that he approached eight foreign cricketers through

Prabhakar. Similarly, Jadeja who has now confessed the calls made to him by Chand during the New Zealand series last year would be hard pressed to explain his dealings with bookies.

Another factor which has come to light is that Uttam Chand indulged in "fancy betting" (Individual scores and taken) and was the barometer for other bookies to place their bets accordingly. The investigating agency has handed over all written and verbal testimonies on the fire players (Prabhakar,

Azharuddin, Jadeja, Mongia and Ajay Sharma) who have been suspended from playing international and domestic cricket. Right now the ball is in the BCCI's court. Bindra as a reasonable man, with a strong passion for the game and was astonished to see him lose control thus. His original arguments had substance: why was 29

the justice Chandrachud report not made public for two years?

Bindra, however, damaged his own case by fulminating at every forum and every opportunity against his own board instead of stretching the arguments to include other and proven errant bodes like the Australian Cricket Board.

Of course the BCCI was silly in not making the Chandrachud report public. Whether this was done to hide something from the public only time will tell, but Bindra's outburst, I fear emboldened

South Africa's Dr. Ali Bacher to queer the pitch further in the investigations into Hansiegate by stating that two matches in the

1999 world cup were fixed, one team was regularly into match fixing and one international umpire was suspect. I suspect only, I am sure - none of this involves South Africa. How can it when the

Indian sub-continent is the hub of all that is bogus and evil in the game, although it is players from Australia and South Africa who have been caught in the act, as it were?

Dr. Ali Bacher has the nerve to say that the hub of gambling is the sub-continent and by implication that gambling on cricket

(and match-fixing) emanates only from here as if there are no betting syndicates in South Africa or Australia and the ICC in particular, should investigate match-fixing and come up with solutions, as if they had a magic wand given the widespread 30

corruption throughout the world. There have been accusations flying about in Pakistan and India that some players may have been involved with bookies but these accusations were not backed up by solid evidence and appeared to be motivated by self interest or malice. These accusations did not succeed in tarnishing the image of Pakistan and Indian cricket. Apart from

Hansie Cronje, there has been the instance of two Ausralian players. Shane Warne and Mark Waugh who admitted to having links with a bookie called Mr. John Warne and Mark Waugh version and thus opened the cane of worms of match-fixing in

Pakistan cricket. The much awaited Qayyum report has been made public and to its credit the Pakistan Cricket Board has kept its promise. Shane Warne's testimony has withstood cross examination and Tim May has indirectly corroborated that the offer was made or at least directly corroborated that it was rejected on his behalf when Warne called Malik from their room.

It is so happened that the test match that Salim Malik war trying to fix was circumstance. The report has recommended life bans on former captain Salim Malik and fast bowler Ata-ur-Rehman, besides fines. During the courser of his probe that began in

September 1988, justice Qayyum examined as many as 54 persons including present and former players, journalists, managers and Australian players. The judge has recommended 31

that Malik at the centre of match-fixing controversy. On Malik the

Judge had this to say: generally there has been a lot of allegations against Malik, the one man commission observed everyone seems to name him as the main culprit in match-fixing.

If all allegation are taken together in totality, Malik is clearly guilty of bringing the name of the team Into disrepute. In the light of the presence of evidence to support allegations made by Shane

Warne and Mark Waugh, the commission recommends a life ban be imposed on Malik and he be not allowed to play cricket at any level and not allowed even to associate himself with any cricketing affairs. The judge has recommended that Wasim be censured and be kept under strict vigilance. A fine of Rs. 3 lakhs has been imposed on former captain ad he also removed form the captaincy of team. Mushtaq Ahmed is another player on whom the judge has recommended a fine of Rs. 3 lakhs. Meanwhile, the judge found that evidence against Waqar Younus was unsubstiated and the allegations against him were baseless.

Similarly, the sticky Inzamam-ul-Haq, Akram and Saeed Anwar too were slapped a fine of Rs. 1 lakh each and a list of recommendations for an improved system in the future. Despite that hiccup, justice Qayyum should be seconded to the body that will be involved in trying to eradicate match-fixing on global basis.

A fortnight after Delhi police bowled a — crusher at Hansie 32

Cronje and yorked Indian cricket put of its stupor, the BCCI is still

as if it has not been bowled. Some of the biggest names

in Indian cricket have been tar-brushed in an open season of

accusations and institutions, some of the most astounding

allegations have been levelled against its administrators, some of the most pointed straws in the wind are pointing India-wars- and yet the BCCI is somehow acting as if the spectre of match-fixing will somehow disappear from its midst as quickly as it come.

In the 15 days that rocked the game, all the BCCI's done is

ignore new evidence, stonewall demands for a fresh probe,

impute motives to new charges, make the Chandrachud report

public, stonewall demands for a fresh probe. So, even as the

Calcutta High Court admits a PIL seeking a CBI inquiry into

match-fixing and the Delhi High Court admits a PIL into the

BCCI's mismanagement of his finances, in the crucial meeting in

London, the ICC bared its fangs by drawing up, punitive measures

in an effort to send out a clear signal about its intention the ICC was clearly fighting not only to save the sport but also its own

credibility ICC was ready to spell out an elaborate game plan to

curb the match-fixing menace which was destroying the sport. In

between, it also granted Dalmiya a character certificate of sorts.

Dalmiya was reportedly asked to step down by some senior members in the executive board, unless he could unequivocally 33

prove his non-complicity in the dispute over TV rights for the 1988

ICC tournament held In Dhaka, a graded system of punishment leading to a life ban for match-fixers, manifests the expectations of the games supporters. Cricket's biggest crises has came about only because a few Individuals had lied, cheated, sold themselves to greed and temptation.

Since the accused are unlikely to roll over and start confessing, the Investigations will have to be focused and well directed. The Investigations will have to concentrate on building the case step by step, brick by brick on circumstances and links.

The momentum is on today. If one looses the opportunity, all will be lost. There can be no limitation of time for the exposure of the corrupt unless this is done no meaningful result will emerge from the entire exercise.

To that extent, the code of conduct for players though late is a step in the right direction. Making it mandatory for players to report any "approach" and making rigging a punishable offence with exemplary penalty should drive the fear of god into them, but the penalty should be specified. Sunil Gavaskar prescribed this

In his column; "If a player is found guilty of fixing matches, his name should be erased from record books. 34

Quite clearly the BCCI can do little if not nothing about

matches that have been thrown in the past except handing out

exemplary punishment to the guilty players, if any. But by

waffling so conspicuously, by not appearing even the slightest bit

interested in finding out if there are any black sheep in our midst,

its doing a disservice to the honest practitioners of the game.

Worse, its sending a wrong signal not just to members of the national side but to cricketers down the line, down all levels to club and school level.

WHY THESE CHARGES ARE AGAINST INDIANS ?

r But the question arises despite all match played in the world

is fixed and all cricketers are involved in it. So why all these charges are against Indians? Like the illegal bookmakers are

Indians. Indian players played a key role In this match-fixing scandal. Hansie has became a hero by confessing. If Dalmlya confessed he will be a bigger here.

Cheating, ball-tempering and dishonesty of any kind are characteristics which the English cricketing world normally

associates with Pakistan. When it comes to illegal betting Indians

and Pakistanis are held jointly responsible every major test ground \n England has a betting \en\. The blame for corrupting the game which England had given to the world lay firmly with the 35

bookmakers. Allegations of match-fixing are so persistent and because nobody in India or Pakistan has either the will or clout to identity and prosecute domestic offenders. The ECB (English

Cricket Board) should consider playing no more one day games against either country until those who seek to corrupt players and the guilty players themselves have been brought to book. And they should not consider sending a side anywhere near a place like Sharjah where betting is a natural as breathing.

This does not seem to be a workable solution. Such a move could divide the cricketing world along racial lines, a development which no one wants. Also, thanks to the mobile phone and the rise of the Asian rich the bookmakers do not have operate from either India or Pakistan or offer odds only on matches player either in the subcontinent or in Sharjah.

Cricket is a high profile sport in the countries in which it is played and the money generated is considerable. But in percentage terms the players receive a substantially lower amount than I other high profile sports. Greed is the biggest factor, greed exists in every society. There are always people who bend the rules to make more money. The game which once led the world in the field of fair play has been hoist by its own petard Cronje-gate affair has raised the suspicion that corruption 36

in international cricket had blossomed rather than diminished over recent years possibly because of the lack of action taken against previous offenders. Following hard on the heels of match-fixing scandals in Pakistan, India and Australia, the fall of South

Africa's captain on corruption allegations showed it was high-time cricket joined the rest of the sporting world in making examples of any dishonest player. Doing said player proved to be involved with bookmakers, whether it be supplying information or rigging matches, should be banned for life and exposed would not be selected for his country again. An ICC meeting in New Zealand last season initiated the code of conduct sub-committee, which was formed to oversee and supervise any inquiry or investigation into allegations of corruption. Bookies make this national game the big money game. For all those people who invest much of their time, attention and hope following the fortunes of the Indian cricket team. Betting on cricket and the kind of manipulation that

Hansie Cronje and several international cricketers were (and are) allegedly involved in as a big money enterprise. The return on investment for those who wager may range from 5-6 percent to

250 percent. No legitimate business can match such attractive returns. It is this that draws gamblers/punters like moths to open fires and keeps the bookies in business. Public interest litigation

(PIL) demanding a thorough inquiry into the workings of the Board 37

of Control of India. Cricket's operation clean up should have one major objective to retain the loyalty of its million of fans. For should the fans turn away in disgust the game will go down faster than the Titanic. All relationships are based on trust and the cricket fans relationships with the game and its top practitioners is based, too on the belief that nobody know who's going to win and who's going to lose. This belief is the very essence of sport.

Unlike a movie or a play in sport the ending is not decided. This is what makes sport special. Now whatever the result from such a cliff-hanger, there is always the lurking suspicion that a few bad men on the field and a few unseen, unheard of bookies were laughing all the way to the bank. This is because money chasing is the great not-so-hidden game in cricket. Cricket in this country is a religion and if players whom people consider icons throw away matches, they have caused damage. But more importantly they have hurt the nation's pride by fixing a match. A sporting arena is a good as a battlefield. The public has been fooled by these players making money out of these matches. It is shameful that a cricketer will sell out his country for money. Fans are sick and tired of match-fixing allegations that seem to have acquired qualities of regeneration. No sooner does one scandal die down another one appears. The pattern is same a kind of cannibalism being practised by players. Match-fixing in other sports has been 38

going on for a long time. It was merely a matter of time that it would raise its ugly head in cricket. When money comes into sport, corruption cannot be far behind but in the sub-continent what has come into the sport is not merely money but black money. The illegal bookmakers see cricket as a business and not as a cultural treasure to be protected preserved and enriched for posterity. Cricket gambling is such a huge underground industry in this country, something that Is grown enormously n the last 10 years that it may not be possible to wipe it out at all.

Primarily, the BCCI is at fault. They shold have never allowed our cricketers to pose as cinema stars and be a part of huge advertising campaigns that has changed their (the players) attitude. Let the BCCI give more money to players. There is no national pride because players are making money on the side.

May be one solution could be to have fixed match fees, incentive for good performances per match and most important, fewer matches. Whatever the outcome of the investigation, and the more you dig into a shaky structure the more decay you find, this can only be good for the game.

There are enough good and sensible peoples within cricket to overcome this latest sensation. Part two ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3>9

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ACC, AGENDA

^ INDIA-PAK ties on ACC agenda. ,jlindustan Times 2001.

May 24; 17.

This article states that the issue of cricketing ties between

India and Pakistan is likely to come up for discussion when the presidents of the respective cricket boards meet in Lahore during the two-day meeting of the starting tomorrow. This is the first time that BCCI president AC Muthiah and PCB Chief Lt. Gen. Tauqir Zia are meeting since the Indian government's decision to pull its team out of the triangular one- day series in Sharjah last month there could also be general discussions about the status of ongoing investigations into match- fixing by ICC's anti-corruption unit. Interestingly, ACL) Chief Paul

Condon, whose report on investigations into betting and match- fixing was made public. Today, is arriving in Lahore on Friday, the concluding day of the conference, in connection with his probe. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

ACB GIVES full mark. Indian Express .2001. August 8, 14.

The article shows that the Australian Cricket Board has

cleared Mark Waugh of match-fixing allegation leveled by Indian

bookmaker M.K. Gupta for lack of any credible evidence and

following refusal of the latter to be questioned and repeat his

charge. The ACB today released anti-corruption investigator

Greg Melick's report, which was based on more than 60 interviews

in four countries. It concludes that there is no basis on which to

recommend any action against Mark Waugh. The Melick report

confirms that Gupta despite making the allegations to CBI was not

prepared to have his allegations appropriately exchanged to

determine if they had any substance. Melick said, one of the fundamental principles that underpins this process is that Mark

Waugh Is presumed Innocent unless proved otherwise. U)

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

CHAKARVARTY^ (Sajantan). The Murky world of Mr.

Dalmiya. Sportstar. 25, 20; 2000, May; 40, 43.

This article discusses that as its meeting in London this past week, cricket's supreme body cleared Jagmohan Dalmiya of charges of shady TV deals but the evidence against ICC president says something else. It is wonder then how the international

Cricket Council (ICC) president prefers to surround himself with associates who suffer from remarkable bouts of selective amnesia take David Richards, the Australian Chief Executive of the ICC and after Dalmiya the most powerful man in the world cricket comes under these allegations of match-fixing, the allegations remain so because Dalmiya does not trust allegations published in any publication unless it is edited by God. ^1^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

DAMODARAN^(Ashok K). Good for Nothing. India Today

25, 17; 2000, April; 50-54.

This article discusses that four players (Azharuddin, Ajay

Jadeja, and ) tainted by match-fixing allegations have been dropped. The board president's contention that they were dropped to make way for youngsters is not justified in case of Jadeja who is a major one-day player. The BCCI has stated that it will scrap the records set by players found guilty of match-fixing. Why they should not focus on the fact that they have put in some excellent performances in the past and contributed to Indian victories? If they are found guilty then they should be dropped, so no one can dare repeat these things, but erasing their records is not the answer. U:^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

MURALI KRISHNAN. Rise and Fall of Mr. A. Outlook. XL,

24; 2000, June; 49-54.

This article states that blistering statement by India's former

cricket captain Mohammed Azharuddin in December 1998 sounds

mindlessly hollow in retrospect, considering the slew of match-

fixing allegations that have stuck on to him with or without

evidence. His image had long gone into a free-fall, with most

tending to see him as Hyderabadi Machiavellian in cricket

flannels. Unsubstantiated rumors of his involvement in match-

fixing have been swirling about for some time. But Hansiegate

galvanized the country's investigative agencies to dig deep. Now

with Hansie Cronje's confession to the King Commission that

Azhar has dispatched Mukesh Gupta and Hamid Cassim to fix

matches, it could well signal the last nail in his coffin.

C. Sujit Chandra Kumar. Devastated. Outlook, 18, 23. uu,

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

KRISHNAN (Murali). Solitude of sin Outlook 11. 46, 2000,

November; 42-44.

This article states that allegations against Azharuddin have

not only robbed him of his reputation, they have also made him

into a recluse BCCi Commissioner K. Madhavan began his six

hours long interrogation, he reportedly denied the same he had

admitted before the CBI to have done three matches. Besides, he

also vociferously rejected any connection with the Dubai

underworld or having accepted money from bookies to under

perform. Again perhaps to be cocooned in painful peace for

those who have known grown up with Azhar and played cricket

with Azhar. All saints school and Aliya Junior College, the

allegations against the Hyderabad hero have been upsetting old friends often say that Azharuddin's marriage to Sangeeta Bijiani was the beginning of his ill-luck. ^^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

KUREISHI (Omar). Nothing to get hysterical about Cricket talk. 1.12; 2000. June; 23.

This article state that it is shameful that a cricketer will 'sell' out his country for money and most cricket fans are sick and tired of match-fixing allegations that seem to have acquired qualities of regeneration. No sooner does one scandal die down another one appears. The pattern is the same, a kind of cannibalism being practiced by players. The much awaited Qaqqum report ahs been made public and to its credit the Pakistan cricket board has kept its promise. If Salim Malik tried to fix the match for Pakistan to win. he apparently succeeded but did he get any help from the

Australians or not?. Match fixing in other sports has been going on for a long time. It was merely a matter of time that it would raise its ugly head in cricket. What must stop is the mud slinging and there should also be stiff punishment and penalties for those who bear false witness. l1^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

LOKAPALLY (Vijay). A sorry state of play. Frontline 17, 9; 2000,

May; 4-8.

The article states that Hansie Cronje's admission of guilt and

allegations that he was involved In match-fixing set off an intense debate

on the current rot in cricket. Transcripts of phone conversations

between Cronje and Sanjeev Chawla, a London-based Indian

businessman, reveal that the South African played along with the match- fixer who was keen to influence the course of the match. The public were stunned by the disclosure. Fans in India meanwhile were rocked

by allegations about the involvement of some Indian cricketers too. The

credibil'rty of the game today is in peril and there is no denying that

cricketers will come under great pressure while performing. A minor mis- fielding, a rash shot, a loose ball, a run-out - any of these in the normal course of a game is bound. In an era when cricket is drawing encouraging response from sponsors and spectator alike and when players are benefiting from the flow of funds into the game, the latest

controversy has dealt a blow to the sport. In India where cricketers enjoy an exalted social status, the charges have left cricket lovers saddened and wide-eyed. The gangrene of betting has spread fare and fast into the cricketing world and only a surgical intervention can save ur

the game. Cricket administrations the world over must act sternly and

quickly In the interest of the game and its fans.

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

MARK WAUGH cleared of "fixing" allegations. Soortstar XL.

21; 2000, August; 36-38.

This article states that no evidence has been found over which Mark Waugh could be charged over bribery allegations

made in India last year, according to a special investigator of the

Australian Cricket Board Greg Melick who has been conducting the investigations on behalf of the ACB said that he had been

unable to locate any credible evidence to support claims by Indian

bookmaker MK Gupta that he had paid Waugh $US 20,000 in

1993 to provide information about match related factors in games

involving Australia. The allegations were published in the Indian

Central Bureau of Investigations (CBI) report on cricket match- fixing and related malpractice which was made public on

November 2 last year. Melick added that his investigation has

been unable to locate any evidence inconsistent with Waugh"s denials of the allegations. U8

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

MC MOHA,(David). Back to 1994 Test. Cricket Talk 1. 11;

2000, June; 15.

In this article author states with Salim Malik alleging that the 1994 Australian match in Pakistan was fixed. The ACB announced the appointment of a special investigator to monitor the issue. The former Pakistani captain, videotaped by two undercover reporters from the British newspaper, news of the world, clearly stated that the 1994 Australia team tried to throw a match. Malik claimed that the 1994 match in question was doubly fixed, with both Pakistan and Australia trying to lose. The ACB takes these allegations seriously. There is no place for corruption in cricket. The appointment of the special investigator is the first move towards ensuring that any evidence of corrupt behaviour among Australian players will be thoroughly probed. Secondly, the ACB bas adopted the ICC's prescribed penalties, including mandatory life suspension, to strengthen the already comprehensive ACB code of behaviour. These undertaking deals with obligations to he games tenets of fair play and also provide a public undertaking that every match will be played on its merits, free from any gambling influence. V\<\

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

MEM0N^(Aya2). Saddest day for Indian Cricket. Cricket talk. 1, 9, 2000. May; 2.

The betting and match fixing controversy has taken many twist and turns over the past few weeks. Allegations are being hurled at prominent cricketers without much evidence, and cricketing heroes are being dragged down from their pedestals.

The latest casualty is Kapil Dev, accused by Manoj Prabhakar of allegedly offering him Rs. 25 lakh to under-perform in a 1994

Singer cup match in . Millions saw the shocking image of the great all-rounder weeping inconsolably on television as he defended himself. It is very unfortuaate to find a cricketer of

Kapil Dev's stature in such a filthy mess. However, this is not the first time that fingers have been pointed on him but this time the charge against Kapil have been leveled by someone as responsible a person as a former BCCI president and Manoj

Prabhakar a former teammate. The CBI investigations seems to be the only way to clear up the mess, but only if this is concluded fairly and rapidly. S'o

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION

PRASAD^ (Krishna). Not above board. Outlook. XL, 16;

2000, May; 34-36.

The article state that the pretence that nothing's wrong is not only wrong, it can harm cricket. It is business as usual in blunder land. A fortnight after Delhi police bowled a toe-crusher at Hansie Cronje and yorked Indian cricket out of its stupor, the

BCCI is still batting as if it has not been bowled. Some of the biggest names in Indian cricket have been tar-brushed in an open season of accusations and insinuations, some of the mail astounding allegations have been leveled against its administrators, some of the most pointed straws in the wind are pointing India-Wards and yet the BCCI is somehow acting as if the specter of match fixing will some how disappear from its midst as quickly as it came. The minister also says the government will step in if the probe by Delhi police throws up any Indian names.

Sine those who have heard the Cronje transcripts claim certain sections have been wiped out, presumably because they contained Indian names, that may be difficult proposition now. s-\

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION, CBI

BATABYAL (Somnath). Action replay. The Week. 18, 25.

2000. June; 67.

This article states that even as Manoj Prabhakar reveals

Kapll's name, the CBI Is studying the videos of past matches agency has been directed by the sports ministry to give a detailed report on how matches are fixed and whether Indian officials and players are involved and a probe into the underworld's involvement in match-fixing. Prabhakar told the CBI that it was

Kapil who offered him Rs. 25 lakh to throw a match against

Pakistan. The CBI and the income tax authorities investigation the assets of cricketers have found that some of the players have wealth more than their declared and known source of income.

The investigators have found players guilty of violating the mandatory basis. Here CBI suspect that part of the money was from match-fixing which is illegal. It is the bookie-underworld- players link that the CBI is trying hard to unearth. ^2^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, ALLEGATION, AZHARUDDIN

V. SUDARSHAN. If Hansie is lying. Outlook. XL. 24; 2000.

June; 54.

In this article author says that Cronje's accusation is sensational, but many have little standing under Indian law. The

South Africans public, by all available accounts, believes Cronje's allegations against Azharuddin, but there is a feeling in India that

Cronje could be lying in order to deflect further attention from himself. If Azhar in fact introduced Cronje to a bookmaker,

Azhar's complicity has to be established. Complicity means direct participation in the crime. None of this is clear from Cronje's present testimony. If it is simply something that is going to be referred to in the King Commission report, it at best may have some corroborative value but by itself does not constitute any definite proof. Charges from a far under the safety of immunity have little value in law nor even otherwise. Thus the value of his deposition is legally questionable. S3

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, AZHARUDDIN

KRISHAN PRASAD. Whatever happened to our Hyderabadi lad? Outlook. XL, 24, 2000. June; 56-57.

This article discusses that match-fixing and nuclear physics have nothing in common, except that the end-products of both are might explosive but what happened to Mohammed Azharuddin?

To say the success went to Azza's head is to be greatly unfair to his genius and personality. If it had to, it could have done so 16 years ago when he scored a on debut (like Vishy), and then two more on the trot. If it had to, it could have done so when he had to graduate from the bicycle he called Honda to his first car. If it had to, it could have done so when he began checking into star hotel as an Indian cricket as seemingly inexplicable things began happening on the ground, questions began to be asked. And the biggest question has been asked by Cronje.

Whatever happened to the decent, dignified, delectable

Hyderabadi batsman. ^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, AZHARUDDIN CONFESSION

KRISHNAN MURALI. Azharuddin confession. Sportstar. 23,

17; 2000. February; 41-45.

This article says that with Azharuddin confessing to the OBI the lid is off on cricket's biggest scandal. Azharuddin former

Indian Captain and darling of millions found himself in front of the officers of the OBI and a mountain of evidence and could only say

Haan maine match bannaya tha (Yes I had fixed the match). The first stroke of good fortune for the CBI come in the form of Hansie

Cronje's testimony to the commission he stated that Azhar had introduced him to a Delhi based "diamond merchant" Mukesh

Gupta in Kanpur in 1996 who paid Cronje $40,000 for information.

Critically for the CBI Azhar has confessed to having fixed matches, admitting that he received money from Gupta for influencing the result of two titan cup matches in 1996 and one match in the Pepsi cup in 1999. He is also the only player approached by the underworld to fix games. The CBI was able to move on to the two players Ajay Jadeja and Nayan Mongia named by Azhar as his trusted allies in match-fixing. <5S'

CRICKET, MATCH FIXINGr^B^limi^irtSTERNATIONAL

CRICKET

CHAPPEL (Ian). Tap on the wrists? Cricket talk. 1, 25.

2000, September; 10.

In this article author discusses that Paltry punishment for

Herschelle Gibbs and Henry Williams sets a bad precedent both players were banned from international cricket until the end of the year and fined considerably less than they agreed to accept from

Hansie Cronje for performing below their best. Under the ICC regulations that apply from May this year, any such action by a player will be life ban. India could easily refer to the precedent set in South Africa which is in turn based on a precedent set in

Australia. The difference is that Warne and Waugh were tried and convicted by ACB before the IC regulations were written and whilst Gibbs and Williams also committed their breach before the advent of the regulations they were convinced (as will be any guilty Indian player) after the new code was in force. If the

UCBSA decision is allowed to stand, it will once again leave the

ICC open to charges of weakness minds in future. ^6

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BANNED, PLAYERS,

PAKISTAN

CHAPPEL (Ian). After a blazing ton, a false stroke. Cricket talk 1. 11; 2000, June; 31.

This article states that Pakistan did the right thing by banning players who appeared to have links with bookies and match fixers. But by allowing Ata-ur-Rehman, one of the banned to play league cricket in England, they have sent out wrong signals. In order to send a strong message to players, officials and administrators plus the crooks, a life ban should mean exactly that, not a two-day punishment. Despite that hiccup.

Justice Qayyum should be seconded to the body that, will be involved in trying to eradicate match fixing on a global basis.

Anyone who can come up with those findings in an atmosphere so volatile as Pakistan cricket has the courage of his convictions and he also displayed the required knowledge of the game not to be bluffed by international players. He left no doubt that with just a little more credible evidence a couple more big name players would have been "sent down". ^f

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BAN ON CRONJE (HANSIE)

WESSELS Ready to coach Pakistan supports lifting Cronje's

ban. Times of India. 2001. July 19.

From South African skipper Keppler Wessles and fast

bowler supported lifting of the life ban imposed

on Hansie Cronje. Hansie has made a mistake Wessels also supported lifting of the ban and said I will have no problems with

Cronje coaching children and doing commentary. Cronje was banned for life from playing international cricket and associating himself in any way with admitted accepting money in exchange of

match-related information. Meanwhile, Wessles has said that he would consider making himself available as a coach to Pakistan during the 2003 world cup in South Africa. He was reacting to radio reports that Pakistan was considering him as one of the contenders for the job. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI

BATTLING THE Board. Outlook. XL, 16; 2000. May; 32.

As they let out the news that their PIL has been listed for admission, Rahul Mehra and Shantanu Sharma look visibly relieved. The PIL is an attempt to try and bring a measure of accountability and transparency to the way cricket is run by the apex administrative authority for the game in the country - the

BCCI. The listing came on April 20. The next hearing is on May

16, when the arguments on admission will be heard. The BCCI is a huge money - making body but has done literally nothing for cricket; it is just a tale of massive amounts being spent on non- cricketing activities and peanuts on coaching and the game itself adds Sharma. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI

KARTHIK (SN). BCCI was unfair. Cricket talk. 1,28,2000

September; 4.

This article discusses the sacking of Azharuddin, Jadeja,

Mongia and Chopra, does not send the right signals to people in

cricketing circles after being harassed by the media on the match-

fixing issue, the players came under fire by government officials who requested the BCCI not to select the foursome until cleared

by the CBI. This however runs contrary to the popular belief that

until proven guilty, no one is considered guilty. Considering the

amount of stress these players have been under especially

Azharuddin, they should have been selected among the probable

even if they were not in the right frame of mind to play, the

conditioning camp would have kept them fit and in touch with the game. There re big fans of both Azharuddin and Jadeja they hope that their names will be cleared soon so that they may help

India win more matches in the future. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI

KHANNA;(Amar). Going Going Gone. Cricket talk 1. 27;

2000, September; 4.

In this article author discusses finally the BCCI had the guts and gumption to drop the players against whom charges of match- fixing have been leveled. Even though Mohammed Azharuudin,

Ajay Jadeja, Nikhil Chopra or Nayan Mongia have not been proved guilty in any court, the pressure on them is bound to affect their performance and it would certainly be in the teams interest to rest them and to give the youngsters a chance to prove their mettle in the international arena. As for Kapil Dev, the wisest thing he has done so far is put in his papers as India coach when he is given way into tears and tantrums and claims to be traumatized by the charges against him, one cannot expect him to be mentor and guide to a young Indian cricket team. If Kapil is innocent, his name will be cleared sooner or later. 6)

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI

LOKAPALLY^ (Vijay). BCCI has a responsibility on its

shoulders. Sportstar. 23, 17; 2000, April; 18-20.

In this article the BCCI's secretary JY Leie is known for

making controversial statements. He came up with a typical

comment when the Cronje episode broke out. Cricket's greatest

shame has come at a time when the international cricket council

had embarked on enthusiastic program of globalization. For

years, stories of match-fixing and betting has been heard and

when the truth drowned upon the cricket authorities the game had

been dealt a severe blow. The man on the street is disillusioned i>ecause he does not know whom to trust. The reactions from the

Board officials have been typical. The board secretary JY LeIe

say "rubbish" the claims by the Delhi police when it broke the

news that it had unearthed the players-bookies nexus. When the world was reacting to the situation quite gravely, the board put us

a disappointing front by stating that there was nothing to worry.

There had been enough signs for the board to take charge of the

situation. From the time when it was said that a bookie had

approached an Indian scribe on the tour to the West Indies, from the time Manoj Prabhakar alleged he was offered money by a colleague to throw away a match in Sri Lanka, from the time 62.

Pakistan wicket keeper Rashid Latif made allegations against some Indian Cricketers, from the time when Sunil Dev, manager of the team on the 1996 tour to South Africa made noise that there was something terribly wrong for the passionate followers of the game the scandal was seen as heat breaking. So it must be to those administrators who toiled to improve the state of the cricketers and in the process the game. Cricket was looking up when this match-fixing scandal shattered the image of the game in a country where fans are known to worship the cricketers. It is now for the board to take some firm steps to cleanse the system of these shady characters.- 63

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI

SORDID DRAM. Sportstar. 23, 39; 2000; April; 6.

The present study discusses that the BCCI can not be

accused of is this: transparency in its dealings. The BCCI insists that Azharuddin, Jadeja, Mongia and Nikhil Chopra were not considered for selection for the ICC knock-out trophy to be played in Nairobi. This might have been smart batting on the part of

BCCI, but nobody was fooled. Whether the government, through the sports ministry, brought any pressure on the board Is hardly relevant. A clear thinking board could have tackled such pressures with a touch of professionalism. On the other hand, what the heavy weight body controlling our national sport has done is to distance itself further from cricket lovers at a time when the great game is reeling under a series of body blows. ^^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI, PRIVATE BATTLE

MALIK/Ashok). Official agenda. India today. 24; 26; 2000,

December; 80-81.

This article discuss forget match-fixing the BCCI's too busy with its private battle against the OBI. Successful businessman president of the board of control for cricket in India (BCCI), AC

Muthiah on November 29, he indicate a new interest; jurisprudence the cricketers indicated by the CBI in the match- fixing scandal would certainly be punished but said the BCCI chief, a "30 percent weightage" would be given to their performances on the field. Aside form studying the mechanics of the bookmaker-player nexus, the CBI had accused the BCCI of being nepotistic, greedy and unprofessional. The upcoming CBI report on the TV rights scandal is already giving some senior

BCCI officials sleepiness nights. Muthiah had been under severe pressure from at least one senior politician as well as a princely former BCCI president to be lenient towards Ajay Jadeja.

Madhavan's assessment of the CBI findings had held that "Ajay

Jadeja was not at all speaking the truth before me", had

"convoluted explanations" and was "guilty of unbecoming conduct". The board argued it had got more guarantee money and TV rights fees for specific tournaments than the CBI had CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI, PUNISHED, GUILTY

KARMARKAR^(Amit). Challenges unlikely. Cricket talk. 1.

28, 2000, September; 20.

In this article the BCCI's AGM at Chennai is not going to throw up any surprises former ICC chief Jagmohan Dalm'iya has always said no one should be punished until proved guilty.

Understandably he is not happy with the changes in the Indian squad, especially with the way Muthaih handled the Kapil Dev issue. Dalmiya played a key role in the Dev's appointment last year. Since the scene activities and with his contacts he has been successful in questioning BCCI's autonomy and removing the tainted pianos. Bindra is likely to argue like tainted players, suspect officials should not be allowed to continue until proven

Innocent. The Kapil Dev saga had had its effect on the run-up to the elections, a new committee is likely to be formed to inspect. ^6

alleged. In something of an irony- patently lost on the participants - the BCCI meeting that dismissed the CBI's work was attended by the Rungta family and by Jagmohan Dalmiya. a

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI, REPLAY

DELHI HC Seeks BCCI's reply on accountability. 164. 188,

Hindustan Times.

The present article states that the Delhi high court today sought reply form the cricket board whether it is accountable to the government and the nature of its affiliation to international cricket council. When the team selected by BCCI to play matches with other countries is called as Indian team, now the board can say that it is not accountable to the government of India, bench asked if BCCI is affiliated to ICC what control has ICC on the cricket board. The court was bearing a public interest litigation filed by twa cricket fans - Rahul Mehra and Shantanu Sharma in the wake of match-fixing scandal. While accusing the board of mismanaging the affairs of cricket in the country, they had sought probe into the functioning of BCCI. (^a

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI, RESPONSIBILITY

LOKAPALLY; (Vijay). BCCI has a responsibility on its shoulders. Sportstar: 23, 17; 2000, April; 18-20.

In this article the BCCI secretary J. Y. Leie is making controversial statements. For years, stories of match fixing and betting has been heard and when the truth drowned upon the cricket authorities the game had been dealt a severe blow. The reactions from the board officials have been typical when the world was reacting to the situation quite gravely the Board put us a disappointing front by stating that there was nothing to worry.

For the passionate follower of the game the scandal was seen as heartbreaking. So it must be to those administrators who toiled to

Improve the state of the cricketers and in the process the game.

Cricket was looking up when this match fixing scandal shattered the image of the game in a country where fans are known to worship the cricketers. It is now for the board to take some firm steps to cleanse the system of these shady character. 6^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BCCI, WORKING

COMMITTEE

KUMAR;(B Vijay). Walking Away. Cricket talk. 1, 27; 2000,

September; 11-12.

This article discusses Kapil Dev's fate was decided at

BCCI's working committee at Bangalore but the board wanted to give the former Indian captain an honorable exit route. The cat and mouse game has finally ended and the result, ladies and gentlemen, is an honorable draw. The accused had suddenly become the judge and jury he had given himself a not guilty verdict. The CBI had acquitted him before the trial had been completed. The board had acquitted him before the enquiry had been completed. A great cricketer has been reduced to play a silly cat and mouse game. In his farewell letter, he could not desist from taking a parting shot at the fault guy. It is funny but at the same time very sad. On the one hand it shows he still has his earthy sense of humor, on the other it prove how badly he was affected by the energetic Leie. Looks like the cat and mouse game has not really ended. •^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BET

MURALI KRISHNAN AND ANANDAN^(Sujata). Any more bets. Outlook. XL, 15, 2000 April; 32-40.

This article discusses about the four Indian players, past and present were actively involved in match fixing and betting in some way or the other. The players against whom serious allegations are being leveled are Kapil Dev, Azharuddin, Jadeja and Nayan Mongia. These names have been knocking around the quite some time now. The crime branch of Mumbai police tapped

'bookmakers' phones during the titan cup match between Indian and South Africa I the city in November 1997. A former physio used to send confidential reports to BCCI after every series found that the "attitude" of some players was unsatisfactory, Azhar showed disinterest in playing the game while union sports minister SS Dhindsa has promised a probe into the Indian angle, it is the BCCI which must take the lead in stemming the rot. But for that, it has to seek the help of investigative agencies as rather than appoint a toothless committee. I-K

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BET, BOWL

CHAKRAVARTY^(Sayantan). Bet and Bowl. India today.

25, 26; 2000, June; 47-50.

How is it that in the entire game plan of Manoj Prabhakar one name does not feature at all - that of Ajay Sharma, who as we keep reading is on the top of the list of all match-fixing investigations? Says , in a recent magazine article. Former Indian captain - one test, 31 one-day internationals - Sharma, 36 India today broke the news of his suspected links to the bookmaker-fixer. That was around the time he left the country for England, where he was playing club cricket for Padihan. It was revealed that Sharma had used his cell phone to call bookies and to contact Azhar on the eve of every match this season the authorities suspects Sharma was the conduit between bookies and the Indian cricket team. When the Manoj

Prabhakar tapes were revealed to the world, Sharma was pushed further into the dock by two testimonies. The first was that of Ritu

Shastri, cricketer Ravi's wife who identifying themselves as "Ajay

Sharma's cousins barging into her flat late night second was that of Divya Nautiyal who tells Prabhakar that Sharma had his car

"snatched away by bookies" over payment problems. He later admits to handling betting money on behalf of Sharma and T2^

Azharuddin and at one stage transferring their funds to a "South

Indian in Bangalore" R.N. Swani, head of the CBI team investigating the cricket scandal declared that Sharma is the only cricket against whom the agency has evidence of match-fixing.

The CBI waits for Sharma to come back and answer its queries. >3

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BET, PAKISTANI TEAM

MURAL KRISHNAN. Fixing the fixers. OutlgeJL. 11, 44.

2000, November; 32-33.

This article discuss the biggest story In cricket history. An

encounter with Rashid Latif in an noisy bar In London led to the

darkable the Involvement of half the Pakistani team in the betting

racket. Then came Hansiegate reveal the involvement of Indian

players I the MK betting racket along with Cronje and Prabhakar, the original accuser was not above board, he was in it as deep as

any other cricketer. The CBI report brings to some sort of

completion much remains to be done to clean Indian cricket's

augean stables, especially in terms of the BCCI. The CBI report

mentions this. ^h

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BET, TEST PLAYING

COUNTRIES

VISWANATH;, (G). It has been going on for a while

Sportstar. 23. 19; 2000, May; 24; 24-27.

This article discuss about the cricketers of nine test playing countries Involved In betting and match-fixing. The allegations against Cronje once again reverted attention on cricketers allegedly Involved In betting and match-fixing. The ICC has nine full members (test playing countries) are cricketers of all the nine fuir members Involved In betting and match-fixing. The former

Indian all rounder made a sensational statement that he was offered Rs. 25 lakhs by his teammate to bowl poorly in a match against Pakistan in 1994. Several Pakistani cricketers have been suspected to be involved in betting. Australian Mark Waugh and

Warne were the first cricketers who told the Australian board that they took money from an Indian bookmaker for giving information on weather and pitch conditions in Sri Lanka. South African

Cronje's Is the only name which has come to light so far from among the South Africans. England's Adam Hollioke and Dougie

Brown were the first Englishmen to disclose that they were approached by bookmakers. New Zealand, fortunately the Kiwis have not figured prominently in this vicious circle. Zimbabwe, -^^^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETRAYAL

MATHEW^ (Philip). What a betrayal. The Week. 18, 48,

2000, November; 68-69.

In this article Sir Garfield Sobers laments cricket's fall from

grace. It is the most terrible thing to happen for the game of

cricket said Sobers. It is like betraying your country for money.

Cricket's greatest all-rounder is dismayed by the revelations that are rocking the game that he played, loved and breathed. I can

not believe that Azharuddin would do such a thing. Sir Garfield

Sobers told the week on October 31, referring to the CBI's

indictment of the former Indian captain in the match-fixing

scandal. He said he never expected former South African Captain

Hansie Cronje to be involved in match-fixing. Whoever is

involved, it is the most terrible thing to happen for the game of

cricket. In his playing days he recalled, they got only meager

remuneration yet nobody stopped so low for money. Moving on to

a more pleasant topic Sobers described Sachin Tendulkar a

fantastic and great batsman. But it is difficult to compare him with , he said. As for himself, he was no great

batsman he said in all humility Sachin always went to him for

advice after his innings, whenever he was present during a match,

he said. 1-6

West India - not a single Zimbabwe and West Indian cricketers name has remotely been linked to the match fixing scandal. The

Sri Lanka have been on the scene for two decades. !->

CRICKET, MATCl=l%l3aN!GisS^«NG

ANIRUDDHA BAHAL. Bets lies, Deceit and a determination to bury the truth. jJutlook. 5. N6; 1999 February; 38-48.

Mushtaq Ahmad confided to me that match fixing is going on and that once he was also involved. When I was captain in 1992-

93, I was told a bookie had bought over Akram, Waqar. What I have heard is that senior players have been influencing younger players in order to persuade them to indulge in match-fixing.

Saeed Anwar told Aaquib and me in South Africa that he was not getting runs as he had taken money for fixing a match, and that it was a curse from God, as he had taken money despite a Quran oath. Saleem Parvez (bookmaker) told me he hffd pain money to

Malik, Mushtaq, Inzamam and Waqar. This disclosure was made by him in Latif's presence. I believe match-fixing has taken place and if Intikhab has said there has been match-fixing, he should be believed. Players have told Mudassar Nazar that they had been betting. Majid Khan says at Sharjah then coach Haroon Rashid told him. if the captain was unwilling to win the match, what could the coach do? Match-fixing has been taking place. I am writing a book in which I have stated so. Asif Iqbal bluntly told me t

Colombo that bookies had lost Rs. 40 lakh and wanted to recover it. IB

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

DAMODARAN (Ashok K). Good for nothing. India Today 25.

17; 2000. April; 50-54.

This article shows a peep into the unpublished document shows just how poorly the investigation was conducted, one reason why betting in the country has got out of hand. Betting like drinking is a common human weakness since the beginning of the world. There are copious references to those infirmities of human nature in all classes of the world. One cannot therefore rule out the possibility that some Indian players may be laying the flutter of a bet. There is undoubtedly large scale betting on cricket but that is a law and order problem. Justice YV

Chandrachud in his report to the board of control for cricket in

India (BCCI) on allegations of betting and match-fixing in the game in India. Kapil Dev partially agrees. There is large scale betting on cricket. Fixing a match does not mean fixing all the players in the team. A couple of players are enough to fix a team.

The exit of betting can be with only by the police. I am of the opinion that the board should set up a private agency to find out the assets f the players that will give some clue whether players lay bets or agree to fix matches. The new BCCI president AC

Muthiah says he wants to change things "we are considering 1^

releasing the report. If necessary we will refer the matter to the

CBI for further action, he told India Today. 8o

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

BETTING ON trouble. jCt^icket talk. 1. 5, 2000. April; 10-11.

This article states that -investigations by the Delhi police

may lead to more damming disclosures the Delhi police may have

been vindicated by Hansie Cronje's confession of dishonesty and

his subsequent sacking as captain of South Africa's cricket team.

Delhi police sources reveal that at least two Indian cricketer may fall into the dragnet. The Delhi police alleges that a large amount

of foreign exchange has change hands through hawala dealings to pay the South African players. Meanwhile the fixing

controversy has also started to expose the international mafia that has became a part of various crimes associated with sports

including match-fixing. Whenever games are on, the satta market

is in business. Crime branch officials reveal that noted thug chhota Rajan runs a major operation in Australia, while Anees

Ibrahim is involved during one-dayers at Sharjah. Investigation so far revealed that Indian punters are constantly in touch with their counterparts in the United Arab Emirates, England and

South Africa. The help of Interpol is being sought to get inputs on the operations of a betting cartel. ?)

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

A DIFFERENT ball game. The Week. 18, 19, 2000. April;

39-40.

This article discusses how the cricket betting racket operates. Even heard of Onja. Sami Harij, Bhabhar and Mehsana they are cricket betting hosts pots in Gujarat where crores of rupees change hands for every one-dayer. If it is Rs. 20 crore in

Oonja, it is Rs. 25 to 30 crore in Bhabhar, Rs. 10 to 15 crore in

Sami Hanif and Rs. 10 crore in Mehsana. Fair indication of the extent to which cricket bookies have spread their tentades in the country. Mumbai however, accounts for 25 percent of the estimated Rs. 1,000 crore involved in cricket betting in the country. There are about 100 top bookies in the city and some of them have computerized offices. The bets starts with the toss and are along the following lines which team will make how many runs? How many runs in the last 10 overs etc. The betting ratio swings as a match progresses. The rates would go up or down depending on which team has proved the pundits wrong. A retired national player has told friends in private that almost every match is fixed and players who do not cooperates re dropped for an explicable reason.. 8X

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

FANS SWITCH OFF. The Week. 18, 25, 2000, June; 68.

This article discusses that with allegations of match fixing

and betting making the headlines every day, the cricket crazy

nation stands embarrassed by the murky dealings in the world of

cricket. Almost half of cricket lovers said their interest in the game was waning they probably felt cheated by the cricketers.

The recent happening come as a great disappointment fans have

not spared their idols either sixty two percent of respondents

believed Azhar was in the betting stakes followed by Manoj

Prabhakar (43%), Ajay Jadeja (28%) and Sachin Tendulkar (23%).

Interestingly only 22% felt that the bookies placed their stakes on

Kapil Dev. It seems people don't believe the former BCCI

president IS Bindra's allegations against Kapil who is still an icon for the fans while 67% thought Kapil was innocent, 61% felt

Bindra was trying to settle perspnal scores and 55% believed that

Prabhakar was lying, 18% of respondents said they cannot stop watching their sports. So what if cricket has ceased to be a gentleman game, it is still a great business. S3

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

KASHYAP^(Prahlad). Cancel matches for now. Cricket talk.

1, 9; 2000. August; 15-18.

This article says that the Asia cup provides us with a breather from betting, match-fixing and other such scandals that have surfaced recently. Cricket has suffered a major set-back and this tournament will be a real taster for both cricketers as well as cricket lovers. Its very disappointing to learn that Indian cricketers may also be involved. There is no other way cleaning up the mess in world cricket than canceling all the international engagements for the next six months till all the ongoing investigations are complete and the players are punished.

Suspending the matches can also adversely affect the international bookies network which is kept active by the series of international networks. ^h

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

MITRAj (Abhijat). Light another match. Outlook. XL. 16;

2000, May; 2-4.

This article state that it all began with Sharjah. The betting and match-fixing have come as a surprise to us and that we are devastated is nothing but balcony back then the authorities had said the Indian players love the game too much to do this and no

Indian would ever do a thing like this. Why ahs the Delhi police not tapped phones of Indian players? It was also maintained that the Chandrachud committee enquiry left nothing to be desired like all else, this independent exercise proved to be an elaborate eyewash with the egg finally in its face. BCCI's at it again how that IS Bindra has exposed the wickedness of all. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

UGRA (Sharda). Its Rs. 1000 crores business. ^S£>ortstar^

23, 17; 2000. April; 30-33.

This article states that for all these people who invest much of their time, attention and hope in our national team, this has been among the most bewildering week of their lives as

Cronjegate exploded, it did so with the kind of numbers that are thrown around when Vincent Van Goth's paintings come up for auction.. But cricket betting and the kind of manipulation were involved in is not about the huge sums of money involved in is not about personal risk. It is about the huge sums of money involved in gambling and the possible profits that can turn heads. What is how clear that Hansie Cronje is not the only perpetrator of a great fraud against the game of cricket itself. Strangely this is not about cricket at all, but the basic urge to gamble. s^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

MORE MASKED than revealed. Sportstar. 23, 20; 2000,

May; 6.

This article discusses that convened to debate the crisis confronting cricket over the allegations of match-fixing and betting, the ICC was content even pontifical in codifying a few homilies as a policy framework to battle against what is being projected in the media as corruption of monumental proportions involving the high and mighty among players and administrators.

If the ICC believes that the crisis has been tackled diplomatically, at least for the time being nothing can be more illusory. The scene in South Africa, India, Pakistan and even England is so vitiated by allegations, derogatory references and denials, that it is debatable whether the game of cricket can be the same again.

The ICC has put into the state of helplessness rather pushing forward with dynamism. 81

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING

VISHWANATH (G). It has been going on for a while.

Sportstar. 23. 19; 2000, May; 24-27.

This article discuss about the cricketers of nine test playing countries involved in betting and match-fixing. The allegations against Cronje once again riveted attention on cricketers, already involved in betting and match-fixing. The ICC has nine full members Involved In betting and match-fixing. The ICC president,

Jagmohan Dalmiya said that not all cricketers should be tainted as match-fixers. India Manoj Prabhakar, the former Indian all- rounder, made a sensational statement that he was offered Rs. 25 lakhs by his teammate to bowl poorly in a match against Pakistan in 1994. A few months later at Colombo, Azhar told Indian reporters that Pakistan Rashid Latif faxed him a statement. Latif according to the report had said that he received calls from four

Indian - Azhar, Jadeja, Venkatpati Raju and Novjot Sidhu to find out the state of pitch. Azhar denied having made calls to Latif. I deny all the allegations as false. The Pakistan Cricket Board at different times appointed three inquiry committees to examine the bribery and match-fixing allegations. Several Pakistanis cricketers have been suspected to be involved in betting. 88

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING, CONTROVERSY

BCCI GETS things moving. Sportstar. 3, 2000, June; 6

This articles deals with the show cause notice to the former

BCCI president IS Bindra, adds a new dimension to the match- fixing and betting controversy. This is an unprecedented development. In effect, it shows that the BCCI should be then being perceived as impassive and innocuous if not wholly irrelevant in the context of handling a crisis of such a magnitude.

The action demonstrated the fact that AC Muthiah has really taken the reins of administration to set things right with an iron hand and ensure that the BCCI goes in the right mode to erase the incredible dent to its image since Hansiegate began to unfold.

In fact Muthiah has asserted that Indian cricket is clean. %^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BETTING, MAFIA

PRABHU^(KN). Hostage in the toilet. Cricket talk. 1, 9;

2000, May ; 34.

This article discusses that this is the time for harsh decision, be it a restriction on the number of one-day games or introduction of closed circuit TV in the pavilion which would discourage the betting mafia. Match-fixing is not in India, but the game was never infected with the poison which debases it today and what cricket need today is a firm and clear massage from the men in charge that it will not tolerate the presence of bookies or the betting mafia anywhere near the dressing room or the precinct of the hotel where players reside. The England captain Doughlas

Jardine once observed that feat and finance will not promote cricket. This advice good in the present crisis. ^6

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BIG MONEY GAME

UGRA;(SHARDA). The big-money game. Frontline 17. 9;

2000, may; 12.

In this article the writer says that bookies make this national game the big-money game for all those people who invest much of their time attention and hope following the fortunes of the Indian cricket team. Betting on cricket and the kind of manipulation that

Hansie Cronje and several international cricketers were (and are) allegedly involved in is a big-money enterprise. Cronje is said to have received from a bookie $15,000 or about Rs. 6.5 lakhs. The return on investment for those who wager may range from 5-6 percent to 250 percent. No legitimate business can match such attractive returns. It is this that draws gamblers/punters like moths to open fires and keeps the bookies in business. Mumbai is believed to be the betting/bookies capital of India and police estimate that there are about 500 bookies in the city. From all accounts, these are the small players in the field, not the ones who pull the strings. "W

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BLAMING

B8cD\;(Bishan Singh). The sting in the Tale. 11, 44, 2000,

November; 38.

This article discuss Prabhakar's strategy of blaming others to divert attention backfires. Finally the CBI blew the whistle on the self styled whistle-blower -cum-amateur investigator of Indian cricket listen by the investigating agency as one player who contributed significantly to corrupting cricket in India and aboard, it was Prabhakar's extreme proximity with seven prominent bookies and punters that did him in after he named Kapil Dev they gave CBI the benefit of doubt and after Delhi bookie Mukesh "MK"

Gupta's deposition, the CBI's suspicious proved right. It started.

It started off in 1990 before India's but to England. Each query, an investigator recalls, Prabhakar tied himself into further knots.

To them he was like the others. Another fallen hero. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BOOKIES

BATABYAL (Somnath). World of Bookies. The Week; 2000,

AUG; 40 - 46.

The police arrested SUNIL DARA who was the main contract for BOOKIES after alleged MATCH FIXER SANJEEV CHAWLA went underground. He goes by the nick name RUBY DELHI, precious stones light of his finger. He owes his popularity, or rather notoriety, to his long outstanding association with the cricketers of Delhi and Mumbai. He is not allergic about his friends who opted out of the profession like KRISHNA and

Ganesha who operated from Lajpat Nagar and Abu and Kasim who were active in CHANDNI CHOWK. The most prominent among those who replaced them was MOHAN KHATTAR from

Lajpat Nagar. It former chit found owner, Mohan is perhaps

Delhi's only "DIBBA", a person who gives the rate for every game.

No one knows where he gets the rate from, through the police claim it is from Mumbai. The DIBBA will have a phone with a Mike attached to it and 20 to 30 parallel lines were people are put on hold. The moment he gets the rates, he will pass them on people who listen may also have a Mike and similar connections. This is how they communicate. 93

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BOOKMAKERS

CHAKRAVARTY,(Sayantan). Dirty Talk. India Today. 25,

17; 2000, April; 36 -

This article says with the arrest of Bookmaker Rajesh Kaira

on April 7, Delhi Police blew the lid on a match-fixing scandal that

stunned the cricket world as much as it has confused it. Over the

following week Hansie Conje, South Africa captain, has admitted

to a vague guilt and resigned. The entire truth remains untold -

and is still far from seeing the light of day. Swirling in every

cricket lover's mind in a series of questions. Some can be

answered by the transcripts of the phone conversations. Cronje

had with his associates from the bookie-fixer realm. Others are

still in the hazy area between speculation and unconfirmed or

semi-confirmed information the ultimate revelations are, of curse, the job of police agency. %

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BOOKIES

UGRA (Sharda). How this beating take place. Outlook XL,

15; 2000, April; 40 -42.

This article discusses fair indications of the extent to which cricket bookies have spread their tentacles in the country.

Mumbal, however accounts for 25 percent of the estimated Rs.

1,000 Crore involved in cricket betting in the country. There are about 100 top bookies in the city. The bets start with the toss and are along the following lines which team will make how many runs? how many runs in the last 10 overs? How many runs in the last 10 overs and how many runs would a particular batsman score. A retired national player has told in private that almost every match is fixed and that players who are not cooperative are dropped for no explicable reason. ssr

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, BRIBERY

VISKANATH (G)). Playing by the rules, jportstar. 14, 26,

1998, January; 106-107.

This article discusses justice Chnadrachud, absolves cricket

players, officials and journalists of match fixing and bribery

charges. It was a muggy day on September 4 when former Chief

Justice of India Y. V. Chandrachud first appeared inclined to talk

on match-fixing and bribery charges. It was a muggy day on

September 4 when former Chief Justice of India Y. V. Chadrachud first appeared inclined to talk on match-fixing and bribery. The

contentious subject of match-fixing and bribery has disturbed

Indian cricket since June with the allegations by former all-

rounder Manoj Prabhakar, that he had been offered Rs. 25 lakhs

by an undisclosed team-mate to sabotage India's chances in the one day international match against Pakistan in the 1994 Singer

Cup in Colombo. More significantly, on the basis of

Chandrachud's findings, it decided to seek legal opinion on whether Prabhakar could be sued for deforming Indian Cricket. In conclusion. Justice Chandrachud said that no Indian player, official or journalist has ever fixed a match; nor had any of them placed bets for the purpose of losing a match. There is undoubtedly large scale betting on cricket, but that is a law and ^^

order problem. While he did not rule out the possibility of some

Indian players being tempted to bet. ql

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, INVESTIGATIONS

KABRA (SN). Cricket has become a Tamasha. Cricket_ talk. 1, 9; 2000. May;12-15.

This article discusses that as CBI moves on to investigate match-fixing scandal conducted that cricket, which was considered a religion in our country, has now been reduced to a tamasha which cricketers being questioned about murders match- fixing, betting and everything other than cricket. Cricket should be banned in our country like some experts have suggested, till the whole controversy is cleared no cricketer in his write sense would say that he is guilty the onus is on investigative agencies to come out with the real facts. The government should order a time bound investigation so that the guilty are punished at the earliest and cricket regains it's lost glory. "^"6

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CAREER, FINISHED

CONN;(Malcolm). His career is finished. Sportstar. 23, 17;

2000, April; 24-25.

This article discusses about Hansie Cronje who is finished as an international cricketer as he committed a crime of selling information to bookmaker. Bacher revealed that Cronje has been constantly pestered by bookmakers during last months of India tour. In transcripts which police claims are conversations involving Cronje and an illegal bookmaker. Herschell Gibbs, Nicky

Boje, Henry Williams and Pieter Strydom all being involved. Match fixing was not publicly exposed until former Pakistan captain

Salim Malik was accused in 1995 on a short tour of New Zealand.

Warne and Waugh immediately admitted that they had received money in exchange for basic information given that the first public scandal implicated former Pakistan captain Salim Malik in 1994, prompting the Australian Cricket board to fine each player ridiculously small amounts before shamefully covering the whole matter up. With the enormous focus on match fixing in recent years these as now no excuse for any player becoming involved with the pernicious nature of match fixing and betting. ^^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, INVESTIGATIONS

LOKAPALYY , (Vijay). It was a big jolt to the game.

Sportstar. 2353; 2000. December 40-42.

This article states that the final word in the report presented by the central bureau of investigation (CBI() on match-fixing reads thus: the crisis facing cricket today is very different and far more sinister than the bodyline controversy. The match fixing episode, which began with Hansie Cronje's confession, was a challenge that Indian cricket could not face with heads held high the scenario was no different in India idols like Mohammed

Azharuddin and Ajay Jadeja became tainted players overnight and cricketers like Manoj Prabhkar and Ajay Sharma were left with some bitter memories of the game that gave them such fame.

There was a minor actor too, physio Ali Irani, but his loss was not as grave as those of the cricketers leaving the match-fixing scandal behind was not an easy task for the administrators. Major corrective steps are taken worldwide the cricket caravan roll on, but the scars will remain, a sad remainder of the largest chapter in history of the game. 66

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, INVESTIGATIONS

MURALI KRISHNAN. Digging for some wicket Ways.

Outlook, 11; 18. 2000, May; 36-36.

This article discusses that the CBI will start with bookies and dons but the evidence will be mainly circumstantial having been assigned the task of investigating match-fixing allegations involving Indian players, the CBI has worked out a precise plan of action as a first step to unravel the plethora of charges and counter-charges against prominent players and officials of the

Board of Control for Cricket in India it will also begin examining in depth the charges made by former BCCI president I.S. Bindra one difficulty with the CBI faces is that there is no starting poirrt and time frame to their probe. The terms of reference have been pity investigate allegations of match-fixing the CBI knows that allegation alone will not stand up to lead scrutiny nor be grounds for framing charges the novel nature of the match-fixing probe ahs not made the CNBI uncomfortable on the contrary, it is determined that it will come out with some hard-hitting incidents which may alter the nature of the game when it's report comes out. The work is stupendous and it will take a long time. |o|

aware of the activities of M. Azhar in fixing matches and also acted as a conduct for receiving payments on behalf of M.

Azharuddin from M.K. and Associates. A number of foreign players were introduced by Manoj Prabhakar to bookie M.K.

Gupta ahas M.M. ahas John. By the time punter Rattan Mehta is extremely close to the entire Pakistan team. The BCCI however did not case to ever investigate allegations which were bound to have been within their knowledge there are many facts of match- fixing and related malpractice in cricket which need further investigation. \o2^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

LOKAPALLY; (Vijay). CBI Report. Sportstar. 23. 47; 2000,

November; 13-14.

The CBI report is a landmark in the history of the apex

investigating body and proof of the fact that the government

indeed was serious about exposing the shady side of the game.

Small scale betting on cricket matches has been taking place in

India for a long time and it has spread across the length and

breadth of the country. The use of computer and mobile phone

has given a major fillip to this racket. There are clear signals that

the underworld mafia has started taking interest in the betting

racket. Ajay Sharma introduced M. Azharuddin, Manor Prabhakar

and Ajay Jadeja to bookie M.K. Gupta and associates for this

service. Manoj Prabhkar is close to a number of bookies and

punters namely Mukesh Kumar Gupta, ahas John, Tipu Kohli

Anand Saxena, Rajesh Kalra. Sanjeev Chawta, Sunil Dara and

Marshal etc. Md. Azharuddin fixed matches performance for a

bookie M.K. Gupta ahas M.K. Ahas John and big time punters

Ajay Gupta and associates, with the help of Ajay Jadeja and

Nayan Mongia. Ajay Jadeja is very close to some bookies namely

Uttam Chand ahas Topi Rattan Mehta, Rajesh Kalra, Krishna

Kumar (implicated in the Hansle Cronje Case). Dr. Ali Irani was \o3

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

MK's TESTIMONY has been particularly significant. Outlook

XL. 27; 2000, July; 22.

This article states that considering the nature of the match-

fixing probe and its complexities, it is difficult to set a realistic

deadline the CBI director had been given the trying task of

inquiring into the match-fixing allegations in cricket the deluge of

allegations from the cricket establishment against players bookies

and official itself did not give the CBI a clear staring point for its

probe., this huge body of information needs to be corporated from

different sources there are pointer to international ramifications in

the inquiry that front will be actively explored only when the come

across something substantial though the revelations of Mukesh

Kumar Gupta (MK), accused of having approached then South

African Cricket captain Hansie Cronje with a bribe, has been

particularly significant. \o4

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

MURALI KRISHNAN CAUGHT AT Silly Point. Outlook XL.

50; 2000, December; 40 - 42.

Even though the central Bureau of investigations (CBI) gave a clean chit to Kapil Dev in its match-fixing report, the issue is far from resolved. By giving K. Madhavan, the board's vigilance commissioner, the onerous task of questioning the Haryana

Hurricanes, the issue is once again rearing its ugly head. Kapil

Dev, in the meantime, refuses to comment on the reopening of the case by the BCCI. "I don't want top say any thing on the matter", he told outlook. Madhavan Says "I have no legal powers to make him appear before me. But he cannot also ignore BCCI. \OS^

dealings with bookies. Another factor which has handed over all written and verbal testimonies on the five players (Prabhakar,

Azaharuddin Jadeja, Mongia and Ajay Shrama) who have been suspended from paying international and domestic cricket. Right how the ball is in the BCCI's court. U6

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

MURALI KRISHNAN Hidden dirt. j)utlook XL, 2000,

November; 48 - 50.

The CBI report on match fixing is only 40 percent of the

truth. There's lots more the sleuths did not publish details which throw a damming shadow on the game. Following gist six-month enquiry and the submission of the report to the sport ministry last week, the CBI maintains tha the entire truth is not yet out. "Our

report, we believe, contains just 40 percent of the facts. The rest

is still wrapped in intrigue and mystery", says an official. Manoj

Prabhkakar was the Kingpin and the points man for many bookies,

including the infamous Mukesh Kumar Gupta, According to CBI officials, much more can come out of Ajay Jadeja and Manoj

Prabhakar open up. But till now that's not haaoppende, caught out by the CBI during the third round to interrogation when he was flooded with details of this liaisons and phone records with bookies, Prabhakar was candid enough to admit that he believed the CBI probe ipal conduct to international cricketers. MK has already stated in his disposition that he approached eight foreign cricketers through Prabhakar. Similarly Jadeja, who has now contested the calls made to him by Chnad during the New

Zealand series last year would be hard pressed to explain his CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

MURALI KRISHNAN, Last Stand. Outlook XLI, 2, 2001,

January; 55.

This article discusses the former Indian Captain and man in the centre of the match-fixing storm hand politely backed out of the last moment. He had said he needed more time to marshal his thoughts before agreeing to a meeting. He says that he took the CBI report as any other blackmailing tactic. Match-fixing simply cannot be a one-man show. This is a game which involves

11 players. If a team fails, it is spectacularly unfair to single out just one-person unless the entire team is part of the conspiracy, match-fixing cannot take place. I don't know Kirby Sachin told

CBI (that Azhar didn't give 100 percent while he was part of the team). He said, that he has given by best year to cricket and worked had. I get a lot of support form my friends, wife and relatives. My fans all over the World have stood-solid behind me.

Definitely I'm any way approaching a court of law and I believe justice will be done. ^6«g

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

PRASANNA (E.A.S) Punishing the guilty, 11, 44 Sportstar

2000, November,; 34.

In this article author discuss the Central Bureau of

Investigation (CBI) - which questioned 207 bookies and punters,

16, cricketers and five officials, to bring to light the canker afflicting Indian cricket, a disease that everybody knew existed but no one may willing to admit. The CBI has also named nine international cricketers who have in some way or the other been connected with bookies. Everybody knew match fixing was on but nobody wanted to probe deep into it. At the end the CBI mentioned five cricketers mentioned in its report. Mohammed

Azharuddin, Manoj Prabhakar, Ajay Jadeja, Ajay Sharma, Nayan

Mongia. The much awaited cleansing of cricket seems to have been finally put into gear by the BCCI. Almost all the bookies and punters went underground with the announcement of a CBI probe.

Thus, identifying the betting syndicates operating in the country has extremely difficult. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

NAJMI^(Quaiecl). Unholy Partnership. The Week. 18,49;

2000, Nov; 44-46.

This article states the unexplored aspects of the path

breaking CBI report into the match fixing scandal has been

Mohammed Azharuddin's links with the underworld. The former

Captain is said to have confessed to fixing matches and receiving money from bookies after the interrogators confronted him with his own photograph with Tiger Memon, the main accused in the

1993 serial bomb blasts, and similar evidence. The Mumbai police have a photograph that shows a relaxed Azharuddin, dressed in a black spotted shirt and white trousers, sitting with

Tiger Memon and his brother Yakub. Azhar's friend and former

Pakistan Captain Wasim Akram was also said to be close to

Dawood and Shetty. The intelligence agencies are now probing how these four could has connived in match fixing operations and other business initiative. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

UMPIRE'S BIAS?^utlook. XLI, 1; 2001, January; 41.

This article says that the CBI report on match fixing and the

BCCI's decision of life ban for the games most successful captain while Ajay Jadeja has been vocal against the pronouncement,

Mohammed Azharuddin continues to lie low in Hyderabad.

Though Azhar's lawyers have promised to move the court and fight his case to the finish, there has not been a word from the

Hyderabad had himself. But the import of the bank has slowly sink in, galvanizing some into action. Some of its close associates and relatives are beginning to stand up for Azhar, stoutly maintaining that he is innocent and had been made a scapegoat "can on person alone fix matches? The 'Save Azhar' momentum in Hyderabad is gradually building up. \11

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CBI, REPORT

Quite an embarrassment of BCCI. ^portstar. 23, 47; 2000;

Nov.; 6.

The present article discusses ached the CBI report on the mind boggling cricket scam of the country establishes - more than indicating the personalities involved and the abominable administrative apathy is the existence of betting and match fixing.

Indisputably, the last world was not been said on the much of match-fixing and the big money deals. The players named in the report, with the exception of the former Captain Mohammed

Azharuddin. The BCCI, or even cricket, will remain above the pale of Public apprehension whenever a match is lost as happened in the Coca-Cola Cup at Sharjah a few weeks ago. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CHARGES

BHANDARI^(Neeha). ACB clears Mark Waugh of fixing charges, jimdustan Times ; 2001, August, 8, 18.

This article discusses that Australian Cricket Board has cleared Mark Waugh of match-fixing allegation leveled by Indian bookmaker M.K. Gupta for lack of any "Credible evidence" and following refusal of the latter to be questioned and repeat his charge. The ACB today released Anti-corruption investigator

Greg Melicks report, which was based on more than 60 interviews in four countries. It convince that there is no basis on which to recommend any, action against Mark Waugh. This investigation has established that despite a number of approaches to Gupta by cricket investigators, he remained uncooperative and has not provided any evidence to support his allegations. Mark has consistently denied any wrong doing, this report has produced no credible evidence for the ACB to alter this view. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CHANDRACHUD'S,

REPORT

CHAKRAVARTY^(Sayantan) Caught! jndia Today. 25, 16,

2000, April 54.

This article states that in a stunning disclosure, police claim

Cronje and some teammates fixed matches, but the South

Africans deny the charges. In India Manoj Prabhakar's sensational disclosures come to nothing, when justice Y.V.

Chandrachud's report indicated no one. In Pakistan too, chaos reigned when Australian cricketers accused Salim Malik of offering them money to throw a match, but after numerous enquiry, and further allegations about players, no cricketers has been charged. And in Australia, Mark Waugh and Shane Warne, who admittedly accepted money from a bookie in exchange for information on pitches and weather, were fined $10,000 each for their indiscretion but the Delhi Police's disclosure appears the most damaging, simply because they produced audio cassettes of

Cronje purportedly speaking to a London based bookie Sanjeev

Chawla. As Paul said "Never in the part has match-fixing been proved so conclusively". Now the police say an Indian player might be involved but have been unable to decipher this names on the tapes. They admit too that there is a middleman, but are MM

unwilling to disclose his identity, explaining that they will wait, for

Interpol, which has been alerted, to arrest him while a case of cheating and criminal conspiracy has been lodged against Cronje,

Chawla and Kaira, there is must left to be done. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CHANDRACHUD'S,

REPORT

THE UNLIT half of the moon Outllook, XL, 15, 2000, April

48.

This article states that a blanket, efficient probe by justice

Chandrachud's commission could've prevented Hansie gate, back in the late 80s, when every one felt Tehar Singh was innocent in the Indira Gandhi assassination case, Chandrachud found him guilty and okayed his hanging, only to regret his decision a decade later, when every one well when almost everyone, and his uncle felt Indian cricket had become a hotbed of fixers and racketeers, the former Supreme Court Chief Justice found it innocent. He says the match-fixing probe can be reopened only if any Indian Players name crop up during the current investigation every thing match-fixing crops us, it is time to think wistfully of

Chandrachud and the great opportunity be squandered or was made to squander and as every new incident of match-fixing circulates on the ceiling, it is time to wonder if cricket would have come to. such a pass had he been allowed to conduct a non holds barred inquiry. 116

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CHARLES DICKERS, LAW

CHAPPEL,(lan), The Law is indeed an ass. Cricket talk. 1,

25, 2000, September; 20.

This article discusses when Charles Dicker, wrote in the 19'"

Century. The law is an ass, he could scarcely have known, that virtually tow centuries later, administration would go out of its way to prove him correct. As cricket administration wrestle with the vexing problem of match fixing, the lawmakers have just made it infinity easier for any one so inclined to throw a game, the lawmakers tried to clean up the game in a few areas where it was getting out of hand. The simplest solutions are generally the best, but cricket administrators love to complicate matters and in doing so leave themselves open to ridicule. The majority of umpires will probably ignore the penalty system and consequently a law that was written to reduce misbehavior in all likelihood will be the cause of it getting further out of hand. The problem is not the law, but the people who are responsible for its implementation. m

CRICKET, IVIATCH FIXING, CLEAN CHIT

MARK WAUGH given clean chit. Outlofik^XL, 22; 2001,

July; 21-22.

This article discusses that the Australian test batsman Mark

Waugh was cleared on Tuesday of match-fixing allegations made by an Indian bookmaker the legal bookie had alleged to Indian police he paid Waugh $20,000 seven years ago for information about pitches, team strategy and other matters when ever

Australia played. The investigation bas been unable to unearth any credible evidence to support Mr. Gupta or any evidence to contradict Mark Waugh the bookmaker has implicated several leading players in match-fixing or accused them of receiving money for information. Gupta's evidence was crucial in ending the careers of former South African Skipper Hansie Cronje and

Indian's Mohammed Azharuddin but, other players named by

Gupta have been cleared by inquires in their own country. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, COMMISSION

KHAN^(Waheed). Still under Wraps. Indian today. 25. 17;

2000, April; 54.

The article says if the Hansie Cronje case has done anything in Pakistan. It has reigned the interest in the findings of the Justice Malik Muhammad Qayyum judicial commission into match-fixing and betting allegations against top Pakistan players like Wasim Akram, Salim Malik, Mushataq Ahmed, and Ijaz Ahmed and have recommended strong disciplinary action, including heavy fines and bans, on some of the players for alleged malpractice. But until the report is made public by the Pakistan

Cricket Board, nothing can be said for certain. But now, following the sensational Cronje disclosures, there is hope that sooner or later the PCB will be pressured either by the ICC, other member- boards or the media to make the Qayyum findings public. This could have wide-ranging implications for Pakistan cricket. Even since the match fixing allegations first surfaced in Pakistan, government and cricket authorities have not gone public about the facts for fear that it could lead suspension of the Pakistan cricket team by the ICC and damage the image of the country. Pakistan was the only country to take the allegations seriously and conduct a full scale judicial Inquiry into the whole affair and none of the tn players who made the accusations was victimized, "says Zia' predecessor Khalid Mehmood in whose tenure the judicial inquiry was started. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CONFESSION

BEDI,(Bishan Singh). Strange Contradictions Cricket Talk,

1, 6, 2000 April; 17.

This article state that It is baffling that Cronje's confession has brought about so many irresponsible statements form responsible people on the issue of match-fixing. Bindra made one pertinent remark by naming one of his predecessors from the

BCCI on 'corruption' charges that is something on hopes will not be taken lightly not to be out done by Bindra's barrage, the messiah of South African cricket Dr. Ali Bacher had the entire cricketing world believe that falsehood has a perennial spring.

Indian's greatest all rounder Kapil Dev got a rank long hop from an unknown trundler. The famed hero of Indian cricket could have put that loose non-chalantly anywhere into the stands. But typical of the instinctive performer, Kapil wants ali cricket to come to a standstill while his personal name is cleared of the muck. Kapil's demand for a through investigation calls for attention of all cricket authorities. If at all the subcontinent was responsible for spreading the virus of betting and bribery for and wide, the evil surely needs to be uprooted from its origins. \1\

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CONFESSION

CAPE TOWN Confession C£icket talk. 1. 13; 2000. June;

10-11.

This article discusses that Hereschelle Gibb's confession

Jays open the doors for an avalanche of details about match- fixing in cricket and the eventual paving of Hansie Cronje, it is quite likely will be no more heroes left in the game David Crookes had opened cricket's stinking cauldron of worms by admitting that

Cronje forced him to accept an offer of money to lose a match in

India in 1996. Cronje's confessional statement rather predictably takes the fallen angel" route in an effort where the whole blame' will be put on him, with all witnesses in confessional mode, it is quite likely that Judge Edward King, his assistant Shanila Batokh who are part of the commission will be able to unravel the bookie- cricketer nexus which has laid took the game. \^^-

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CONFESSION

CHAKERAVARTY. (Sayantan) and RAVAL^(Sheela). Are the

Indian auiltv? India Today. 25, 18; 2000, May; 38-48.

This article discusses despite all match played in the world is fixed and all cricketers are involved in it. So why all these charges are against Indians like the illegal bookmakers are

Indian. Bindra says virtually every match played in the world is fixed. Cricketers from all countries are involved. Hansie bas become a hero by confessing. If Dalmiya confesses he will be a bigger hero Azhar assault that he is linked to the bookie-fixer mafia through Sharad Shetty, a lieutenant of Dowood Ibrahim who apparently present him a Mercedes in Dubai and bungalow. As captain he is supposed to have cemented lies with the bookies nexus and match script. It is very painful and hurting if anybody sells his country. I5.S

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CONFESSION, FIXER

GUPTA;(Ajay). Confession of a fixer. India Today, 25, 26;

2000, November, 56.

This article deals with the confession of a fixer Ajay Gupta

46, here, he tells his story to senior assistant editor Ashok Malik

that he had play a role in Jaipur, India. Pakistan Match in 1999

and four India - South Africa Matches in 2000. There are two serious flaws In CBI report the first concern his phone calls to

Azhar, coincidentally made before cricket matches, and held this

up as an example of match fixing next, he has accused of making

payments to Azhar, Sharma and Sanjay Anand. He confess that

he was not unaware of the fixing racket and cannot deny that he

have bet personally. This was betting - illegal but very minor but no fixing. \2t|

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION

CHAKRAVARTY^ (Sayantan). Rights and Wrongs. India

Today. 25, 48, 2000, November; 56-58.

This article discuss the CBI step up its drive against corruption in cricket by identifying suspect TV deals and cracking down on the men behind them when the CBI's grim faced investigators arrived at the giant iron gates of 10 Alipore, Calcutta the bells rang ominously for Jagmohan Dalmiya. He kept the team waiting for an hour before returning even as the investigators moved into his plush home similar searches were being conducted on 24 other premises in Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow and Bangalore at the homes and workplaces of Doordarshan officials and television executives - men know to Dalmiya, one of

Indian cricket's most influential officials. Unlike the CBI's foray into the illegal dealings of bookies and their attempts to bribe cricketers, telecast scamps make for familiar territory. The deals on the purchase and sale of TV rights for lucrative cricket events, suspects the CBR, cost DD heavily through alleged over pricing during bids, dubious negation by DD officials. Prasar Bharti CEO

Rajeev Ratna Shah says he is "distressed" at the happening in

DD, but adds: "If cleansing is required, cleansing will take place."

Says Stracon's Ray: "I do not feel victimized even though my M"^

name features in the FIRs. The CBI has a job to do, they are doing that. For past 18 months, open bidding has been instituted to avoid accusations of murky dealings. Even so, the CBI must now ensure that there is a cleaning" or its drive against corruption in cricket will come to a screeching halt. \7M

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION

KOTWAL^(Rohan P.). Then and now. Cricket talk. 1. 9;

2000, July; 8-12.

The present article states that there have been a lot of changes in cricket past and present the attitude of the players has changed when there did a comparison of what cricket meant in the past and in the present on the past captain courageous, the late Laia Amarnath, respected cricket as a gentleman's game as there exist ideal bunch of sporting, clean cricketers era of great -

WG Grace, Sir Donald Bradman and test matches were a test of talent and team spirit but now corruption round the clock betting and match-fixing international networks of crooks. Players think that everything is fair in cricket even selling the game. 12^1

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION

SRIVASTAVj,(Arvind). Media as a source of corruption

Cricket talk, I, II; 2000, July; 30-36.

This article discusses that the match-fixing probe has become the rage of the media today. The publication of the justice Malik Mohammed Qayyum report was awaited with great anticipations. Justice Qayyum, who was appointed by the

Pakistan Cricket Board, slapped life bans, on two players (Salim

Malik and Ata-ur-Rehman) fined a few others. Pakistan is now trying to rebuild its tattered cricketing reputation at least there is an air of transparency in the proceedings here, with the Media

(though the Judge has barred TV cameras and audio recordings being able to report what the witnesses said. 128

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION

VISWANANTH^ (G). The game has taken a beating.

^^prtstar. 23, 17, 2000; April; 14-17.

This article states to safeguard the game of cricket form the corruption. The South African Captain Hansie Cronje's admission that he has been dishonest has not only a shocked the majority of the cricketing fraternity has opened a fresh, the Pandora's box of malaise that has been haunting international cricket for a long time. Cronje, predictably has paid the price for committing sin he had been dropped from the team before first set of three match series against Australia. Australia Cricket board revealed that

Mark, Klajian and Shane Warne had disclosed to it that they had taken money for passing information on pitch and weather conditions to a book maker. The ICC appointed a high powered code of conduct commission the review the inquiry of the board of control for cricket in India and Australian cricket board to report to the captain and team maker, if a player is found guilty of accepting money from a boo maker for any reason the penalty should be substantial suspension and the reason should be made public. 12^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION, PREVENTION

LOKAPAUX^(Vijay). "Probably there are more characters in this drama. Sportstar. 25. 53; 2000. December, 44.

This article states that the genesis was Manoj Prabhakar's allegation, against Kapil Dev, that was the starting point for investigation because this was not a conventional inquiry and technically only these two (Mohammed Azharuddin and Ajay

Sharma) are public servants which gives certain legal footholds in terms of prevention of corruption act. Probably there are more characters involved in this drama but atleast they highlighted the phenomenon and the pattern that exists this has been starting and pain ail of us. It is going to take a lot of good people away from cricket. The aesthetics of cricket, the pleasures of watching cricket, all that is going to go. y2.&

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CORRUPTION, VIDEOTAPES

SHEKARj (Nirmal). Cricket, Corruption and Videotapes

Sportstar; 23, 24. 2000; 8-11.

In this article the writer said that "cricket is no longer the sports. Writers domain. It has been re-allocated and is now looked after, by crinrie reporters in newspapers." After watching several episodes of crickets Crime Watch over the last few weeks, ever since the Delhi police chose to go public with their Cronje tapes, we have been assailed by an unending series of so-called

"revelations" with umpires, former players, scribes, almost everyone who has anything to do with cricket pointing fingers here and there. But the fact is, we are none the little light on plausible answers. Prabhakar to prove his case has gather the extensive video and audio taping of star witnesses in a well planned undercover operation with logical support from the

Web site .com. May not add up to much in a court of law.

But his sting operation cannot be dismissed as totally useless in the larger scheme of things. It has proved one thing; everybody who is anybody in the game in this country is willing to admit, in private conversations but match-fixing does not take place.

Among the ironies of life is the fact that quite often a system that makes room for corruption also has the capacity to identify the I3l corrupt and punish them. Meanwhile, like all civilized men will do.

We have to believe that a man is innocent until he has been proved guilty. The fact is, for all the dram that has taken place,

Manoj Prabhakar has hardly proved that a World Cup Winning

Coati of Indian Cricket II a match fixer. At this moment it is Kapil

Dev and not Prabhakar, who deserves the benefit of doubt. n^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CRISES

MEMON,(Ayaz). The worst of Cricket? Naah. Cricket

Talk. 1, 5, 2000, April; 48.

In this article author discusses that Hansie Cronje's involvement with bookmakers, completely unexpected and, extremely disappointing as it may be, 'Is' not necessarily cricket's biggest crisis ever. It sought to change the character, and ethos the game by targeting an individual. It almost brought two countries to the brick of war. The marauding Kerry, Packer's invasion through the World series in 1977 was a biggest threat to the sport than the current betting scandal. The ICC needs to firstly stop pretending and admit that the problem is grave. It needs to make an example of Cronje if the charges are roved and carry the action further be re-opening the investigations against players of other countries that have followed a start-stop course as yet. The ICC which as behaved like an ostrich, now needs to bolster its own image and make cricket a credible sport again, needless to add, help from players will be critical ingredient in achieving this. n?>

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CRONJE, DENIED

CRONJE DENIES hiding account details from King

Commission.Jjindustan Times. 2001, July 24; 20.

This article states that Hansie Conje today denied hiding information from the kind commission into cricket match-fixing.

The former South Africa captain, banned from the game for life, was responding to an article suggesting he should face jail over deposits into bank accounts in his name during this tenure as skipper. Conje said the largest single amount listed as a deposit had come from the sale of his house judge Edwin King was appointed to head an inquiry after Cronje became embroiled in the match-fixing scandal. Cronje confessed to the commission he had taken $100,000 from bookmakers to provide information and was banned from the game for life by the United Cricket Board of

South Africa. The latest damaging revelations have come at a time which a few of Cronje's like Kepeller Wessels and Fanie de

Villiers, had come to his support, saying the player has suffered though and should be allowed to play again. \3^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CRONJE, CAPTAINCY

MC MAHON,(David) . End of Innocence. Cricket talk. 1, 6,

2000, April; 22-23.

This article discusses Douglas Jardine is easily the most reviled figure in the world of cricket. Hansie Cronje, by breaking the trust of his team, is on his way to becoming another one both

Cronje and Jardine were captains who indulged in questionable tactics. The essential difference is that Jardine was captaining his country n a manner that strictly speaking was within the Lexis of cricket. Cronje however, captained South Africa while flouting his own contract with his country's board by accepting money from illegal book makers barely a week after he admitted that he had accepted money, came the revelation that he had led three meetings of the national side to discuss whether they would accept $250,000 to rig a one-day match against India. Similarities between Douglas Jardine and Hansie Cronje are eerie. Jardine was a jekyll and hied character of his time Cronje is one today. \3V

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CRONJE, DREAMS

CRONJE DREAMS of coaching SA. Hindustan Times. 2001,

July 25; 18.

This article discusses that the former South African Cricket captain Hansie Cronje banned from the game for life at all levels, for his involvement in match-fixing last year, hypes to coach the national side one day. Cronje said his love for the game and his country should allow him to return to the highest level of the sport despite his confession that he has taken approximately $100,000 from bookmakers to manipulate matches Cronje is due to fight the ban, imposed by the United Cricket Board (UCB) in the Pretoria

High Court in September. Cronje felt guilty for his part in last years match-fixing scandal, which rocked the world of cricket.

Meanwhile, angry Hansie Cronje claimed he had cooperation and an investigation into his financial affairs. He said nothing has been concealed from the commission or from the public. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, CRONJE, GATE, AFFAIR

BUOCK (Richard). Time for stringent action. Spnrtstar, 23,

17; 2000, April; 26-27.

The game which once led the world in the filed of fair-play has been hoist by its own petard, according to New Zealand

Cricket boss Chris Doing. NZC's chief executive says the Cronje- gate affair has raised the suspicion that corruption in international cricket had blossomed rather than diminished over recent years- possibly because of the lack of action taken against previous offenders. Following hard on the heels of match-fixing scandals In

Pakistan, India and Australia, the fall of South Africa's captain on corruption allegations showed it was high-time cricket joined the rest of the sporting world in making examples of any dishonest player. Doing said players proved to be involved with book­ makers, whether it be supplying information or rigging matches, should be banned for life and said any New Zealand player exposed would not be selected for his country again Fleming, undoubtedly the first New Zealander to be offered money to throw a test match reported the incident immediately to team manager

John Graham, after which the ECB, ICC NZS and police were all notified. An ICC meeting in New Zealand last season initiated the code of conduct sub-committee, which was formed to oversee and \%1 supervise any inquiry or investigation into allegations of corruption. "These may be too many ODIs being played, said

Doig. "But I don't believe that's a defense for what Hansie's done. IS

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DEBACLES

KARMAKAR;(Amit). Lean Boiled. Cricket talk. 1,13; 2001, June

18- 20.

In this article author states that coach Kapil Dev, who finds himself dragged into the betting and match-fixing saga, believed that India should not participate in any tournament. Until the cloud of suspicion was removed. Cricket is like a religion in the country. Indian fans don't demand performances from the players but they give them instant stardom Indian cricket was on a high from 1983 to 1986 due to its successes in one-dayers. From 1987 to 1993, a revolution in marketing the game, including the

Reliance world cup and the rise of a certain Sachin Tendulkar kept it going from 1993 to 1999, the home theory took shape and cricket slowly found its home in the sub continent. Match fixing allegations and debacles rule the rout there is nothing around which India can build is cricket. Youth seems to be the only hope.

A couple of young players like Imran Nazir or Abdur Razzaq and

Indian Cricket issue to get its breath pack quick but fair end to the match-fixing inquiry would also go long way in restring sensibility. w^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DEFEAT

MENONj(Santosh). Where does the money go. Cricket talk. 1, 25;

2000. August 21-24.

This article discusses that defeat after defeat. Scandal after scandal that's the story of Indian cricket at present. They say we have they world's richest cricket board, but it is pity that it's doing nothing but producing the saddest of teams now so why BCCI, which earns so much and doesn't spend even half of that on coaching players, does in reality work in the interest of Indian cricket. For India cricket is a religion more than a sport far greater proportion of the enormous profit must be invested in developing the game in this country. The game administrators must be made to explains their displeasing and casual approach to the game otherwise the game can only deteriorate. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DELHI POLICE AND CBI

CORBETT^(Ted). All credit to the Delhi Police and CBI 23, 41,

Sportstar : 2000, November; 22-23.

This article discusses that it is difficult to identify ^ny branch of cricket that emerges from the match-fixing scandal with clean hands all those who accused of crimes have denied their guilt the crimes vary from attempts to sell matches to the lesser offence of passing, on information that could have been detailed by the average child iC's cover up of the Warne, Waugh affair is too shocking to need any discussion the only organizations to come out of these sordid affair with an credit are the Delhi police and the CBI. Sir Paul Condon praised there skills after the report was made public. In the midst of the which hurt the background against which men sold the game for a few thousands bucks is worth investigating. \Hi

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DELHI POLICE AND CBI

LOKAPALLY;, (Vijay) credit to the Delhi Police & CBI 23, 41,

Sportstar_; 2000, November; 22-23.

The natural corollary to the fact that disclosures during the CBI enquiry have revealed a thriving player bookie nexus in India for nearly a decode begs the question: what was the BCCI doing all these years? The board of control for cricket in India acquires a very poor image in these observations made by the central bureau of Investigation (CBI). The CBI may not have found die t evidence of nexus of any past or present office-bearers with the betting syndicates, but there can be no support for the Board's Cocky attitude in this regards. The CBI makes a damning charge that the

Board "never seriously addressed this problem (match fixing) till the lid was after the Hansie Cronje affair".

The CBI has noted that "all the office-bearers of the BCCI over the past decade or so have been negligent in looking at this problem in spite of clear cricket, the primary reason behind this is the lack of accountability of BCCI to any one. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DELHI POLICE REPORT

KHglHl?)|^l,(Ashim). Caught and bailed. The Week. 19, 7; 2001,

Jan, 70.

In this article author states that Delhi police feel Chawla's arrest ahs sealed investigations into the case. The London police have ensured Chawla never has to set foot on Indian soil his case will drag on for decades. The Delhi, police does not believe that

Chawla is a linchpin in the match-fixing scandal. Chawla will finally fit into the whole sorry saga remains to been seen it was, of course his voice that was famously caught on tape with Cronje in March last year after initially pleading his innocence, the South

African captain admitted that he had received 6,000 from Chawla for personal favors during the final test against England in

Pretoria last January the observer study, ironically, insight just fake the heat off Chawla. It is Khetrapal who non seems to hold to he, although he vehemently denies having had anything to do with

Lew's or match-fixing he has also denied knowing Chawla. 14!>

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, DEMONS

JOSHI^(lshan). Kapil's Devils. Outlook: 11, 19, 2000, May; 42-4.

This article discusses that a cricketing hero has to exorcise the

match fixing demons that haunt him the charges against him come

from varied quarters - former cricketer Manoj Prabhaker, ex-BCCI

president I.S. Bindra and the Mumbai police he is the visibly tormented icon of modern Indian sport batting the biggest crisis

lot his life as serious charges of bribery and match-fixing are

leveled against him. The spotlight turned firmly and mercilessly on the man, this life and his cricket perhaps nobody wants to

believe Kapil more than Indians of a certain age-journalists

Kaptt's after all, has been a very live presence in countless rites

of passage. Mumbai police who confirm that the interrogation of a

known bookie in which be allegedly admitted paying Kapil for

information on record. Infact the cricket circuit is buzzing with takes of Kapil's alleged "money-mindedness". 14L|

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, EVIDENCE, SHUT UP

SHARMA^(Sanjay). Give evidence or shut up. Cricket talk.

1. 9; 2000, March; 14-18.

This article discusses that the match fixing controversy is

getting murkier with new scandals surfacing every day, however,

the persons leveling serious charges against the big guns of the cricketing world must come up with evidence to substantiate their allegations take for instance the Bindra-Kapil controversy. If the game has to get the respect it deserves, people like Bindra must come up with evidence or just shut up as allegations are causing serious damage to the image of the game. 1M^^

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, FANS

NJkrtll M. Vad. Hope glory returns to cricket. Cricket Talk.

1,9; 2000; August 5-8.

This article says that event unfold even since "Hansiegate" newspaper circulation may have boomed, TV shows may have registered greater viewership, but who is the ultimate loser, no one else but the game of cricket itself, fans admirer's of the game, have felt nothing but betrayal by this scandal. One of the worst in the history of the game. The game's governing body, the

International Cricket council had a golden chance to clean the game of this mock, but what actually came out from the meeting has left a lot to be desired. Instead, administrators and senior officials alike were busy washing dirty linen in public. Some others saw this as an opportunity to settle personal scores. It is now becoming increasingly clear that Hansie Cronje's case Is just the tip of the iceberg, a few measures like banning cell-phones in the dressing room, declaration of assets by the cricketers on an annul basis and reducing the number of one-day internationals may help curb the menace of match fixing. \M6

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, FANS

SHEKARH;,(Nirmal). Cricket Fans St. Bookie and Cronje O.

Sportstar. 23, 19; 2000; May; 8-9.

In this article author steps cricket's operation clean up should have one major objective to return the loyalty of its millions of fans. For should the fans turn away in disgust, the game will go down faster then the titanic, all relationships are based on trust. And the cricket fan's relationship with the game and it's top practitioners is based, too, on the belief that nobody knows what is going to happen in a game, no body know who's going to win and who's going to lose. This belief is the very essence of sport. Unlike a movie or a play in sport the ending is not decided. In this county alone millions of man hours are lost during every cricket tournament, because people either do not turn up at work or neglect work at the office to watch cricket. And to think that a good percentage of the hours lost may have been lost on fixed matches. This is because many chasing is the great not - so - hidden game within a game in cricket. For the day cricket loses its loyalty, it will never be the same. inn

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, FANS

TIWARI.(Kaushik). Batmen for never. Outlook. XL, 50;

2000, December; 8.

This article states that cricket fans were shouted for an inquiry into match-fixing it was fans against who clamored for punishments once they were proven guilty. Yet now that the bans have been announced, it's we ho are feeling the saddest to see them go. We have lost two of our greatest one-day players of all time. We (fans) will never be able to see the big hitting of Jadeja or the wristy shots of Azhar, again. It's a sad end to two such bright career. Bye Azhar bye Ajay bye forever. It is very essential for BCCI for taking action against some of the culprits. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, FANS

CORBETT;(Tecl). Gambling in cricket, jportstar. 23, 17;

2000, April; 18-20.

In this article author says every major test ground in

England has a betting tent, the internet is crowded with opportunities to gamble and there appears to be a bookie's shop on every corner of large town. But few people talk openly about their involvement with the gambling set. Bookmakers are beyond the pale, describe themselves as businessmen to fit more easily into cricket's snobby ways and rarely flaunt their wares. Yet the game and the bet have walked hand in hand for centuries, although not always with happy results. Cricket in the IS*** and early 19'" centuries was the object of much wagering and at one period this grew to such proportions that it brought the game into disrepute. Nearly 20,000 pounds in side state was depended on the result of a match between hd Estonians and the Gentlemen of

England in 1751, that in 1786, 4,000 pounds waged on a match involving the Duke of York and that Lord Frederic Beauclerk - a person if you please - claimed to make 600 gumbos a year from gambling on cricket. Later M'Lud was responsible for banning

William Lambert one of the game's leading professionals from

Lord's because he had "sold" a match in 1817. The bookmakers IM^ were drummed out. But by 1971 big time gambling was back at the test grounds, useful if you wanted to find a pal liked a bet, useful if you wanted a bet, but stock in a corner with only its gaudy colors and its flags to announce its presence. CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, GAMBLING

KUREISHI;,(Omar). Hypocrisy of the Worst Sort. Cricket talk. 1, 6, 2000. April; 48.

In this article author states that even now, Dr. Ali Bacher has the nerve to say that the hub of gambling is the sub-continent and by implication that gambling on cricket (and match-fixing) emanates only from here as if there are no betting syndicates in

South Africa or Australia and the ICC in particular should investigate match-fixing and come up with solutions a if they had a magic wand. Given the widespread corruption throughout the world there have been accusations flying about in Pakistan and

India that some players may have been involved with bookies but these accusations were not backed up by solid evidence and appeared to be motivated by self interest or malice. These accusations did not succeed in unearthing any guilty villains but they did succeed in tarnishing the image of Pakistan and Indian cricket. Apart from Hansie Cronje, there has been the instance of two Australian players, Shane Warne and Mark Waugh who admitted to having links with a bookie called Mr. John Warne and

Mark Waugh version and thus opened the cane of worms of match-fixing in Pakistan cricket. All news stories, no matter how \'^1 sensational, ultimately die down and so will be present bullabaloo about Hansie Cronje.

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, GAMBLING

LATIF;(Rashid). Prabhakar can not be dismissed so lightly.

Kapil Is the biggest gambler around. ^OUXIQQK^ 11, 19, 2000, May;

48-54.

This article states that Kapll once reveallngly told an interview that the reality is that without cash in one's pocket, even walking into a shop abroad is an ordeal, which is probably why the allegations that have been swirling around him of late are now extending to his business empire of a man who used his business house - Dev & Dev to organize a celebrity exhibition match and managed to collect Rs. 2 crore for the soldiers fighting in Kargil.

A man who along with that other cricketing legend Sunil Gavaskar managed to raise a whopping Rs. 75 lakh for Arjun awardees whom a government and a people had all but forgotten. Kapil

Dev's accusers are adamed that the man is guilty. He rejects the charges fiercely even passionately as is his wont. His plaintive appeal is take all my money, just give me back my name "Kapil broke down and cried in front of millions who did not cry with him?

And who has not cried for him ever since? i?r2--

i^iMurvc I, iviMiun TIAIINO, OUIL-I r

ANANDAN^(Sujata). Azhar is a guilty. Outlook. XL. 24;

2000, June. 57-58.

This article discusses that Mukesh Gupta the mysterious businessman introduced by Azhar to Cronje during the third test match in January 1996. and who Cronje says offered him

$30,000, may be just one of many middlemen. Azhar name has also figured prominently in transcripts recorded by the Mumbai police and the directorate of revenue intelligence (DRI) in the 90's

Rakesh Maria, the Mumbai police officer who has spent considerable time cracking the underworld cricketers - bookie nexus, has said Azhar was neck deep in match-fixing. Azhar denies the allegations he see conspiracy behind this attack and is using a minority card to explain the welter of charges. I S3

CRICKET, MATCH FIXING, GUILTY

BATABYAL j (Somnath) and PRETORIUS y (Herbert).

Academic exercise?jrhe Week. 18, 48; 2000, November; 68-69.

This article says that while the CBI has done a good job, the guilty may get away. After five months of interrogations and corroboration's, the central bureau of investigation (CBI) has conclusively named top cricketers as being conduits to bookies and punters. It also leaves no one in doubt that the core of

Indian cricket was rotten, not just a few apples. Most creditable is the way the investigators have managed to.extract a confession from former Indian captain Mohammed Azharuddin and added a section questioning the sincerity of the cricket board I stemming the rot. CBI officers have been saying that since Azhar is an employee of the state bank of India and his partner is crime, Ajay

Sharma works with the central warehousing corporation, both as public servants should come under the prevention of corruption act. But neither has abused his position, the act cannot be enforced. Even in South Africa, the Hansie Cronje case may not have much by way of a climax. For starters, sports betting is legal in South Africa. Dealing with betting agencies is therefore not a criminal offence. Special CBI director Gopal Achari maintains that the investigations in India will continue and that i?r4

"major corrective steps need to be taken to put cricket back on

rails". The CBI says the report has identified the guilty, but then,

if the laws have nothing to punish the guilty, what prevents others from following in their footsteps? \<^^

Cricket, Match Fixing, Guilty

102 Pillai (Azith), Joshi (Rajesh) and Anandan (Sujata). Guilty and

Afraid. Outlook. XL, 16. 2000. May; 26-32.

Even as the accusations of the nexus between Players, the cricket establishment and bookies are Pouring in thick and fast, a cover up operation has been initiated by well-wishes of the crickets involved and the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), Officials of the international cricket council and the government crime Branch

Officials in Mumbai who have officially not denied the existence of the tapes now say that an investigation is to be launched to see if the tapes do exist. But one does not have to look for to track the evidence of match-fixing. But the current thrust of the damage-control opeations on behalf of the players has been directed at ensuring that the police suppresses the evidence and does not act upon it. Justice

Chandrachud has exonerated all Indian players of charges that they are involved with bookies. The report with its all is well with 'Indian

Cricket' tone is seen as a solve for the wounded pride of cricket.

Criclcet, IVIatch Fixing, Guilty Indians

103 Chakravarty (Sayantan) and Raval (Sheela). Are the Indian

guilty? India today 25, 18, 2000, May; 38-48.

This article discusses that despite all match played in the world is fixed and all cricketers are involved in it. So why all these charges are against. Indians ? Like the illegal bookmakers are Indian. The match-fixing syndocates are Indian. The middlemen are Indian. Even the cell phone companies are Indian. Bindra says 'Virtually every match played in the world is fixed. Cricketers from all countries are involved. Dalmiya is in the grip of mafia and sharks. Hanske has become a hero by confessing. If Dalmiya confersses, he built be a

bigger hero.

104 Doman^(Michael). Lull befor eth estorm. Cricket talk. I, II, 2000,

June, 14.

This article state that Hansie Cronje's admission that he took money from a bookie for supplying informatin, the fresh news that a

Pakistani inquiry has recommended we bans for two players, and

renewed allegations around Indian coach Kapil Dev, will come as welcome, respite to most on the souther tip of Africa. There is obvicus bitterness towards Cronje from some, who may feel their careers have been blighted by the betting and match fixing allegations.

It seemed Cronje was always doing (business) deals.

105 Fall of a giant. S2ortstaL23, 17; 2000. April; 6.

This article discusses that In the light of Hansie Cronje affair fall out it does not take a great conspiracy to overthrow idols in sport least of all in cricket of course, career sucides are quite common in sports particularly at the highest levels but nothing that happened to

Tyson or Maradona or Johnson, Shocked as much as the revelation regarding Cronje because cricket is no just another sport. It has always been demmed as institution accupying the moral high group a man not only idolised by millions of lay fans but respected and even reverd by his peers as a great leader of men a courgeous performer has non been exposed as just another erning greedy sportsman. It is enough to conclude that match fixing has always been a murcy area in cricket and the Cronje revelation is a bonus for anybody who wants to do anything about it.

106 Lokapally^(Vijay). Tough cokies ^portstar^ 239; 2000. February. 8-9.

in this article author states that the best thing about South Africa is that it prospers on the cambined skills of eleven men ther is no pressure on an individual to deliver and Cronje has at his command to otehrs who are not God's gifts to cricket but dedicated men who perform and perform consistently but when Hansie Cronje admitted to taking money from Indain bookmaker then againt the corrutlon of ideals underlying the most English of all sports is nokhere as surprising as the well tide of moral indignation sweeping across the cricket playing world after the Cronje story has surfaced. It is surprising for its sheet magnitude. This reason why the revelations made by the Delhi Police have made the front page from London to

Malborne to Kingston to Kranchi and Chennai has to do with the stature of the man involved.

Cricket, Match Fixing, IHansie

107 Srtgk|tf^|Nirmal). You too Hansie I. ^Sgortstar 23, 17, 2000, April; 9-11. This article discuss that cricket in such a big mess, today that it might take a veritable cultural revolution to clean things up the players and administrators will have to look at the sport as a great institution which they are privileged enough to serve not as an avenue for making a fast buck Hansie Cronje has admitted to taking money from

Indian bookmakers. This is not the first time that the spirit of fairplay appears to have been violated in cricket the ditelerice is this time there seems to be a real chance something being proved not vaguely but conclusively Cronje is hot first anotehr cricket and this is not just another match fixing scandal. When money comes into sport corrupton cannot be far behind, but in the sub-continent what has come into the sport is not merely money but black money. The itiegal bookmakers see cricket as a business and not as a cultural treasure to be protected, preserved and enruched for posterity cricket gambling something that us grown enormously n the last 10 years, that it may not be possible to wipe it out at all.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Hansie's Regisn :

108 Chapped (Ian) Hansies captaincy one dimensional Cricket Talk 1, 13, 2000, June; 13.

In this article author discusses South Africa commensed its match fixing inquiry last week, reflecting on the captaincy reign of Hansie

Cronjie. Cronjie's captaincy was costing, south Africa victories notably in test matches at the oval (1997-98), Old Trafford (1998) and then in the world cup super six contest with Australia South Africa's problem was that the role of the nations cricket captain had assumed much greater significance than just a person in charge of trying to win a game between 22 players in fact the biggest danger to

Cronjie, losing the captaincy was probably him resigning from the job.

In hindsighed Cronjie decision to sign at constract with English country side Glamorgan was probably the equivalent of the last cry for help of a troubled man contempleating suicide. In the ultimate irony Polock then becomes captain in the place of Cronji's humiliatation and once again led his team to victory over Australia, this time in a series of one day match.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Hansie, Revelation :

109 Banerjee (Amit). Why Hansie, on why ? Outlook. XL, 16; 2000, May : 20-24.

This article say that Cronje's revelation about his involvement in match fixing not only has Cronje let down his countless supports who have been made to look like fools, he has also killed the game of cricket the glorious uncertainties of the game will now acquire sinister grey shades every sudden twist in the game the very qualities that made cricket such an obsession, will now be ascribed to ominous mobsters in the stands with mobile phones a thorough prove is needed to find the Indian players behind the scan those found guity should be punished to set a precedent for others indulging in such malfeasance. Cricket, Match Fixing, Hansie, Tapes :

110 Bets, Lies & Hansie tapes. Cricket Talk. 1, 5, 2000. April; 8-9.

This article discusses that cricket will never be the same again at least in the sub-continent. Hansie Cronje's confession that he had taken money from an illegal bookie has given a new twist to the betting and match fixing scandal a nexus between players and bookies has finally been established and it will take some time before trust returns to the game bit it is however discovered that the mood is slowly shifting. Sympathy is being manipulated in favour of Cronjie the majority in South Africa want their captain to be exonerated. Allen

Donald tells Colin Evans that his captain has suffered enough. In

England too, Amit Roy learns that Cronjie is still a hero. The investigating agencies in Indian, including the Delhi Police and Crime branch beliees that at least two Indian Players are involved. In

Pakistan squashing of the Justice Qayyim report has only increased frestration and speculation.

Cricl(et, Match Fixing, History Shame :

111 Srivastava (Ravi Kant) Match fixing history of shame. India Today. 25, 17; 2000, April 26.

The following are the chronology of events since the surfacing of the match fixing and betting scandal in India in Cricket on 7-4-2000 as commented by datawlse. April 7, Delhi Police unearth the match fixing scandal; file F.I.R. naming south African Captain Hansie Cronjie \^{ there of his team mates and two Indian Bookies. April 15 widspread apprehensions expressed about the possiblity of match fixing in Indian

Cricket April 28, Govt, informs that it was ordering a C.B.I, prove into the match fixing and betting controversy April 30, it two member scottland police team arrives in the country in conncetion with the scandal centre directs C.B.I. Investigae.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Hurt, Fans

112 Sukit Chandra Kumar. A new innings Sportstar 19, 1, 2000,

December, 36-37.

This article state that the match fixing controversy will hurt millions of fans though the board has punished the guilty but will the game regain its popularity as India did well in the ICC's knock out tournament in Kenya except in the final and posted creditable wins against touring Zimbabwe. It is time started looking at Cricket as a game. Something which will continue to be played and enjoyed by millions of people regardless of who sells his honous for a few copper coins.

Cricket, IVIatch Fixing, ICC :

113 Bhoglej (Harsh) Strange are the Ways of ICC. Sportstar 23, 31, 2000. July; 20-21.

This article discusses that like the man in the legend the ICC goes to sleep from time to time. It the law clearly defined a fair delivery than it would be very easy for umpires and referees to pick on illegal deliveries if for example a fair delivery was defined as one where the arm is straight at all times, then any bend in the action would make it illegal, now if only the ICC, and its attendant persnalities, could believe in a similar spirit of hapeness a lot of unneccessary slander could be avoided. It will interesting to see how the Australians react to this though having made an attempt over the last few years to gain the moral high ground the feeling among the rest of the playing countries particularly those from the subcontinent was that Australia is playing an active role that they haven taken upon themselves the right to clean up a system.

114 Cricket, Match Fixing, ICC, Corruption :

114 Conn (Malcoln), Cricket/ICC Meeting will the rhetoric be matched

by action; Soortstar 23, 21; 2000, May; 18-19.

The International Cricket Council (ICC) has exceeded even the widest expectations with the tough and uncompromising stance against corruption announced at the crisis meeting in hondon recently. That the nine test playing nations agreed to give the central body sweeping powers to through out any country that does not fully co-operate in the fight against match fixing and illegal batting is unrecedented. ICC president Jagmohan Dalmiya yet again struggled to put the game above. One of the multitude of resolutions from thespectacuiarly successful two-day emergency meeting at Lord's was the banning of bookmakers from holding any official position on any national Cricket body. If any player or official has even casual contact with an illegal bookmaker they can expect to be dealth with strongly. Mark Waugh

and Shane Warne, who were secretly glogged with a feather by the

Australian Cricket Bard five years ago for Selling information to illegal

book makers would each have been suspended for five years under

this new regime. Fallen South African Captain Hansie Cronje, who

prompted the ICC emergency meeting after admitting this involvement

with cricket's murky underworld, will almost certainly never play

international cricket again. The scope of ICC's determination to save

cricket and its own credibility is so large that changes are likely to the

world body's constitution at next month's annual meeting.

Cricket, Match Fixing, ICC, {Measures

115 Memon (Ayaz). All the Right Moves.But Cricket talk 1, 8,

2000, May; 12-13.

In this article in the crucial meeting in London, the ICC board its

fangs by drawin, up, punitive measures in an effort to send out a

clear signal about its intention the ICC was clearly fighting not only to

save the sport, but also its own, credibility, ICC was ready to spell

out an elaborate game plan to curb the match fixing menace which

was destroying the sport. In between it also granted Dalmiya a

character certificate of sorts. Dalmiya was reportedly used to step

down by some senior members in the executive board unless be could unequivocally prove his non-complicity in the dispute over TV

rights for the 1988 tournament held in Dhaka a granded system of punishment feading to a life ban for match fixers, manifests the expectations of the games supports. Cricket's biggest crises has come about only because a few individuals had lied, cheated sold themselves to greed and temptation.

Cricket, Match Fixing, ICC, Meeting

116 Chappell (Ian). Needed : decisive action. Cricket talk. 1, 8,

2000, May; 17.

This article discusses the ICC meeting on match fixing was a typical response and the end result was nowhere hear as strong as the situation demanded. Cricket's leaders now require a mixture of luck and decisive action, to achieve the desired result a game that regains the faith of the public the implementation of a corruption investigation authority funded by the ICC also has some merit, there was no reference to banning all players and officials from betting or the game of cricket and there was only a hint of life bans for anyone found guilty of actions which affect the game nowadays cricket has to cross a number of cultural divides, being played in many countries, neverthelses cricket administration's action should reflect the handis spirit and this early stop on an ordous journey unit a good sign.

117 Iqbal (Asif) ICC out to Castigate Pakistan. Cricket talk 1, 9,

2000, May; 48.

In this article author states that there were many things to discuss at the ICC emergency meet, but officials tried to settle scores and in the process the most important matters, were conveniently forgotten the meeting on match fixing was conducted with the sole purpose of castigating Paistan and the ICC president Jagmoham Dalmiya. Indeed, the conduction of the meting at Lord's does not spell the end of the match fixing saga by any mean the fact that the two of their leading players had with someone identified by them as Indian bookie, never saw the light of day. The ICC chief executive had said that the game had suffered much due to insinuation and innuen does and that it was now time to put up or shut up and that out falls on the ICC as much as it does on anyone else.

Cricket, Match Fixing, ICC, Report

118 ACB Hails report but touchy about Waugh. Hindustan Times.

164, 185, 2001, May, 24; 17.

This article states that Australian Cricket Board chief Malcolm

Speed called the ICC's corruption report a valuable document but

urged quick action on resolving allegations against Mark Waugh.

Speed said the International Cricket Council's report into match fixing was "an important step in the ongoing fight against corruption in

cricket but an unsubstantiated claim by Indian Bookie Mukesh Gupta

that he paid Waugh $20000 for match information at tournament in

Hong Kong in 1993 remains unresolved Waugh denies the allegation the investigation into the allegations made by Gupta to the central

Bureau of investigation (CBI) could continue for the next 12 months, the incidents involved memories of the bookmaking scandal in 1994 when Mark Waugh and Shane Warne later confessed to selling 166 weather and pitch reports to an Indian bool^ies during the tour of Sri Lanka the ACB reported the incident to the ICC's anti-corruption unit and the Indian police for investigation.

Cricket, Match Fixing, ICC, Report

119 'No Names no point'. Hindustan Times. 164, 184, 2001. May,

24; 17.

This article discusses that former England Captain Roy lllingworth urged the International Cricket council (ICC) to name identified match fixers following the release of the anti-corruption unit's match fixing report he said the report made public early today morning by Sir Paul

Candon, Chief of the ICC's anti-copruption unit, would have had a much bigger impact at the end of the day they're spending millions of dollars on the inquiry but they have got no names to show for it the

ECB chariman told the BBC that he was saddened by the thought that cricket has been played by corruption the past 30 years. It is a through report and initially goes back to the 1970s. It sets a scene of how things have developed in a very sad way for the game. Mclaurin called on all the test playing countries to join forces to rid the game of fraudulent activity.

Criclcet, IMatch Fixing, Image, Real Face

120 Bhogle (Harsh), Image hides the real face. Soortstar 23, 17;

2000, April, 32-33.

This article discusses that Image is a very powerful weapon and it clouds our view of people. The author says that if anyone asked me to name the three most solid, most respected people in world cricket, It might have put Hansie Cronje is along with Sachin

Tendulkar and . Wasim Akram, and Shane

Warne are geniuses but there has always been a certain fragility looking them. That is why there was so much scepticism surrounding the claims of the Delhi Police they first named Cronje. The first reaction in most of the cricket world, ruled as it is by age old prejudices, was that the Indian police could not be right. Rumour always has a faster route into the understanding, for fact has to contend with reason Rumour files on thewings of irrationality and now certainly in the cricketing context, it has valid path to acceptance. At the root of it all ties the question ofmoney. When it becomes an addition the mind places fever banners to acceptance. Maybe one solution could be to have fixed match fees incentives for good performances per match and most important fexer matches. Whatever the investigation and the more you dig into a shaky structure the more decay you find, this can only be good for the game.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Inquiry

121 Sharda (Ugra). Genesis Outlook. XL, 26; 2001, June; 12-18.

This article state that in response to the request from ministry of sports regarding an inquiry in Match-fixing and related malpratices in

Indian Cricket vide Do. No. F-23-8/2000-SP. Ill from Shri N.N. Khanna secretary ministry of culture, youth affairs and sports CBI regostered a \4^ preliminary enquiry letter further requests the CBI to collect and evaluate various news -items and information published in both the print and electronic media and conduct a comprehensive enquiry into the allegations of match fixing and related mal practices connected with the game of cricket.

Cricket, Match Fixing, inquiry :

122 Chakarvarty (Sayantan). Focal point of the inquiry Outlook. XL,

26, 2000, June, 36-40.

This article states that after registering the PE CBI undertook an exercise to fix certain parametes, since the inquiry was open-ended with setting for itself any specific time frame for which the prove was to be conducted or names which had to be looked into or specific areas which had to be enquired into in this connection it was decided that first of all a broad enquiry was to be made to ascertain whether match fixing and otehr mal practices connected with the game of cricket existed.

Cricket, lUlatch Fixing, income Tax

123 Fresh Leads. Outlook. XL, 24; 2000. June; 48.

This article says that with Cronje's revelation about Azharuddin chimes with the findings in India. Now for the next step. The income tax returns of Azharuddin wife Sangeeta Bijiani are are beign looked into official say her return for 1997-98 was Rs. 19 lakh and for 1998-

99. Rs. 17 lakh, which she claimed were gifts from abroad. Azhar's connection with top Mumbai bookie Shobhana Mehta Is being probed by the CBI. Azhar's link with otehr bokies are also being investigated. One of the match the CBI specifically looking into is the game against south Africa during the 1996 Pepsi Cup, where Azhar performed poorly according to information from bookies, thelow scoring effort was intentional. Also the CBI microscope is the 1996 match agains windies. It is though that Azhar was involved in fixing the match.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Income Tax

124 Batabyal (Somnath). Unmasked. The Week: 2000, August; 40-46.

This article reveals how Income tax officials dig up evidence

against cricketers including Ajay Jadeja, Kapil Dev, Mohammad

Azharuddin and Navjot Shidhu. July 20, raid by the income tax (IT) department, revealed that the two cricketers had links to the same

bookie and did business togetehr the tax sleuths also found details of undeclared assets and undervalued property. Investigators were convinced that the malaise of corruption rap deep in Indian Cricket

Karan Dubney of Delhi is another bookie who was close to both

Jadeja and Kapil his register shows several entries of payments worth takhs made to the two cricketers. The IT officials now call the bluff of

Kapil who claimed he had not received a single payment over Rs. 25 lakh in 1994 althougether 84 places were raided throughout the country. IT officials says that may be they can start search for next heroes. no

Cricket, Match Fixing, income Tax, Department, Report

125 Ugra (Sharda). Board of no control. India Today. 25, 20; 2000,

May; 75-76.

This article discusses that an income tax department report accuses the Indian cricket board of spending more of its millions on meetings than on matches just when it thought it sale to lift its head after being maulded by match fixing the BCCI ran up against the government policy on plahing Pakistan and tried to bluff its play out of that one by threatening not to play in the world cup even as it recovered from a ministeral rebuke, a preliminary assessment report from the Incoem tax department in Mumbai, citing instances of lavish spending by officials ws unearthed last year the board's spending also came under fire due to a public interest litigation initiated by two Delhi lawyers. Delhi high court on May 23 denoted the board's image and also provided the CBI and the taxmen. With leads that led last July to operation gentlemen the highly published tax raids on officials and players.

Criclcet, IVIatcli Fixing, indian Bcolcies

126 Prasad (Krishna). Rig veda II. Outlook. XL, 15. 2000. April; 42-48.

The present article discusses about the Indian bookies, indian dons, Indian businessmen, Indian players past and present who have gambled on matches they played, (t Is Indian bookies who are going around giving tonnes of cash; it is indian businessman of the real and ni

underworld who are making calls and fixing deals; it is Indian players who have gambled on matches they played; it is Indian players who have acted as go between for bookies and players of other teams manager Sunil Dev says "I believe the performance of some players is influenced by outside forces" Indian Cricket can yet controbiute in a positive manner to what is clearly its contribution to the cricket playing world. But to do all that Indian Cricket has to be honest enough to admit that it has a problem on its hands. The "wailing cassamdras" have so far shown no signs of doing that.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Indian Captain

121 Bharatan (Rajiv) Let baseball show cricket the way Sportstar: 23,

24, 2000, March 18-20.

This article states that Indian Cricket long ago ceased to be value based but value debased like today, it never was the captain,

Manoj Prabhakar explained could even change the result of an entire match with a single studiedly faulty move. Manoj reference was to our then captain whetehr it was at all possible for just one man the captain, to fix match.

Cricket, IVIatcli Fixing, Inquiry

128 Bharatan (Raju), Dignity cost to the winds Sportster. 23, 20; 2000, May; 32-34.

This articles indicate that the BCCI would come to be cast in the image of the 'BCCBI' A sprit of inquiry should have guided the affaris of the Board of control for cricket in India. The Cricket Board thus did not emerge fro the match fix fray with credit the Union Sports Ministry did not quite distringuish itself here either. This in the one hour in which the cricket Board's bigwigs needed, Pre-eminently, to be viewed as closed ranks and flankes. But the cricket Board, by its kikenny catty public behaviour invited central government to hijack the one game merifully. Outside its published preview. The guilty must be punished beyond doubt.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Investigation

129 Bedi (Bishan Singh). Playing with fire. Cricket talk. 1, 5; 2000,

April; 11.

This article state that one little moment of weakness has done

untold damage to Hansie Cronjie. But the general cry for professional

investigation into match-fixing draws attention to the livlihood of Indian

involvement a la Cronje. The Hansie Cronjie story has shattered the

cricket world beyond human comprehension history is replete with a

long list of warnings on the folly of greed. May be, the greed for

financial success ensures as many achievers as it enriches. A large

majority of cricket followes in India are horrified at Hansie's dealing

with a murky world. But we are not exempt from nature's laws of

growth and the perlous course of greed in underdeveloped countries is

often vulnerable at the doors of great public figures. In the progressive world world of big and small business deals, there is an intriguing

new mantra. It is not just that the big will eat the small. But the last will swallow the slow. Greed and megia monia common human weaknesses are often the undoing of the overambitious considering reactions evoked by Hansie Crone's Indian connections. Just imagine what is lying with an Indian in a similar case of playing with fire.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Investigation

130 Krishnan (Murali) flowing whittle on others. Outlook 26, 19; 2000,

April, 24-26.

This article states that Manoj Prabhakar who have stunned the world last week by his revelations about being offered money by Kapil

Dev, but fresh investigation prove that he is one of the main beneficaries of match-fixing himself. The latest evidence emerging from the Directorate of revenue (DRI) the Mumbai Police and Independent, sources say conclusively that Prabhakar was actively involved in fixing matches during his playing years. In addition to this, his name also figures in takes recorded by the crime branch of the Mumbai POIice while interecepting messages from bookies. He is blown the whistte on others, but Manoj Prabhakar is no saint either.

Cricket, IMatch Fixing, Investigation, Agencies

131 Batabyal (Somnath). Fresh Twist. Jhe Week. 18, 21; 2000, May; 46.

In this article the author shows that the three weeks after

Hansiegate shocked the international cricketing community, the investigation agencies in the country say thay have no "concrete n^

evidence" against any Indian Cricketer though the gossip mills are pounding on. The cricktes can probably hope that the atmosphere of mustrust is bit a passing phase. With theEnforcement Directorate (ED) and the Delhi Police accusing cash other of hot sharing information, a third agency, the income tax (IT) department, has quality stepped into do its fit. Its officials are now getting inputs from thus ED counter parts in the case. But the IT iniotiative nothing to do with a former Indian captain declaring about Rs. 16 crore nder the voluntary disclosure of income scheme (VDIs). The police say that Sharma had close links with former Indian Captain Mohammad Azharuddin, whose name cropped up during the interogation of bookies.

Cricket, Match Fixing, IT, Raids

132 Krishnan (Morali). IT Raids. Sportster. 25, 11; 2000, April; 40-45.

The IT raids, which began on July 20 morning, covered 84 premises in Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad,

Chandigarh, Patiala, Jaipur and Ghaziabad, Kapil Dev was at his

Sundar Nagar residence in Delhi when raids were on. Evidence for land deals which were not declared in his annual returns and Rs. 12 lakh worth jewellery seized Ajay Jadeja Rs. 10 Lakh worth jwellery Rs.

2 lakh in cash and 54 bundel of documents seized. Owns a Rs. 1 crore property in New Delhi. One of those who bought 110 crore of land at Roza ka Gujjav in Haryana. Others are Arun Lai Manindra

Singh, Chetan Sharma, Madan Lai, Ashok Malhotra, former board officials Amrit Mathur an former Indian team physio AM Irani. The Jubliee Hills residence of Azharuddin in Hyderabad and that of his parents raided. Manoj Prabhakar sleuths are taking a hard look at his business of herbal cx}smetees and a previous venture." Ratan Mehta a bookie can fessed to having paid Rs. 80 laks. Has declared Rs. 65

Lakh under the Vdis Nikhil CHopra, Nayan Mongia, Ajay Sharma's houses searded and documents seized Jagmohan Dalmiya te former

ICC chairman Calcutta residence at 10 Alipore Rorad scruthised. mark

Mascarennas the establishement of world let chief in Bangalore searched. Hiren Hathi, Mukesh Gupta, Deepak Kumar, Hans Kumar

Jain, Ratan Mehta, Karan Dubey, Shobha Mehta, Manmohan Khattar

Tapti Ahuja, Rajesh Jain, Deepak Yudhiskar, Anand Sexana are bookies revealed payments made to several crickets in match-fixing the

11 raided their houses and documents on payments to cricketers seized.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Kapil Dev

133 Bedi (Bishan Singh). Slow down, Kapil Cricket talk. 1, 9. 2000. May; 15.

This article states that whether on the cricket field the golf course or card rooms, Kapil Dev was willing to take the most outrageous gambles rther than come to terms with the routine perhaps he has been in the fast lane too long and age and events have caught up with him. India cricket has seen the rise and rise of Kapil

Dev Nikhanj for over 20 years now. No system can honestly claim to have, through up Kapil although many individuals and organisations \n^

might try to take credit for her success stroy. often great achievers are more inclained to act than to think Kapil's cricket was instinctive; his very nature demanded that he blaze paths of sporting surrealism holt often trodden by all rounder, with the exception of Sir Gray Sobers.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Kapil Dev

134 Menon (Ayaz). A case of misplaced petulance. Cricket talk. 1,

27; 2000, Sept; 2.

The present article discussed that the Kapil Dev saga has finally ended, through rather sadly for the great all rounder and former Indian captain. He was forced to throw in the towel after months of resistance once he realised that the Board of control for cricket in

India was unwilling to support him any futher. It must seem ironical that Kapil who was in the forefront in advocating that cricket in India should be suspended when thematch fixing scandal first broke in

March should be its biggest casually in the sub continent that said, there is bitter irony in the fact that some players have been ousted while many administrators, in spite of their manipulation, machiavellian ways, contrinue to survive that is either the miracle or tragedy of

Indain cricket, depending on how you prefer to loose at it.

Cricket, IMatch Fixing, Kapil Dev

135 Redemption Song. Cricket talk. 1, 9, 2000, April.

This article tell, talesigns that Kapil Dev has been going through nn

a major trouma as rattled by charges of match fixing, when the story broke that he was the mustery player who had offered. Manoj Prabhakar Rs. 25 Lakh. He underperlorm in a match in the singer tournament In 1994. A national igon has been toppid from this pedestal. India's most admired cricketer was alleged to be a cheat. In the affermath of Hansiegate, ther ews no scoffing at such allegal ions anymore. Now, no cricketer was above reaproach. In a sense, Kapil Dev appeared fixed cricket lovely cricket is now under scrutiny from CBI, the Interpol and sundry other investigating agencies and one of its greatest exponents is under a shroud of suspicion. Kapil Dev will have to bide his time, or fight a bitter battle to clear his name.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Kapil Dev, Alegation

136 Sangli (Santosh Mohan Joshi). Kapil Dev did the right thing.

Cricket talk. 1, 28, 2000. September; 4.

In the article author states that Kapil did the right thing by resigning as a coach. Whatever the truth regarding match-fixing, a person who is burdened of attegatios and is emotionally disturbed cannot do justice to his high profile jpob as coach of the Indian team hold the team itself is under pressure because of a long arid speel of losses. The board has made a mistake in reappointing Anshuman

Gaekwad as coach one heeds to concentrate on improving the game instead of the flagers, improving basics like running between the wickets, leaving tantalishing outswingers forging long partnerships all the Gaekwad did was join in the celebrations when a match was won, or looked tense when the situations was bad for the team or send unless reprots to higher cricketing authorities about the behaviour of the players, he's more of a bureucrat enad les of a coach.

Cricket, Match Fixing, King Commission

137 Bridgraj (Ajith). How above a Kind Commission in India ?

Outlook. XL, 24; 2000, June. 50-56.

This article discusses that south Africa reels in disbelief at the

sensational revelations beings made before the King Commission many

in the cricket made country feel match fixing allegations against Indian

Cricketers, too need to be brought under the lens. But with the

likelihood of a life ban on Cronje and other guilty players intensifying with each passing day at theKind Commission deliberations, enraged

south African fans are questioning why it is only south African cricket

that is being subjected a purge throughout investigations police steadfastly denied that names of Indian Cricketers had come up during

investigations, even though rumours of the involvement of more than one Indian Cricketer, including Ajay Jadeja has cropped up. In fast

Krishan Kumar admitted knowing both Jadeja and Majoj Prabhakar.

Cricket, Match Fixing, King Commission

138 Menon (Ayaz). It's dearkest before dawn. Cricket Talk. 1, 13, 2000. June; 2.

This article discusses that the King Commission commenced its business in South Africa last week and the news for Hansie Cronje has been bad for cricket of course, it could not have got worse so one can only assume that the sport will get cleaner once this and other inquiries into the match fixing scam are completed. The most damaging revelation from thefirst few days of the King Commission and the Prabhakar tapes before this is the extent of player capability in the despicable racket the testimony of Cronje's team mate and opening batsman appears to part has former captaini as match-fixed, Cronje had pleaded that he had only provided information to bookies for monetary consideration, but had never involved his players nor had he sought to fix the outcome of a match he represents thedegradation and decant that has roobed this great game of its innocence and sense of fair play.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Leie, Report

139 Wadhwaney (K.R.) LeIe in a controversey. Nation. 9, 197, 2000, Jan; 65-66.

This article says no one knows what is the truth. What LeIe reportedly said about inclusion of Azharuddin is not devoid of Logic and good sense, wjhatever his failures, including his alleged longliness, Azharuddin is still a fine batsman andtop class filder his comeback was important for the Indian team. All players have ups and downs. Why peoples should forget the contribution that he has made to Indian won automatic nomination of his feers as the second most popular cricketer in thecountry it was a boy from Vithalwadi, Hyderabad affected with ball bearings though Azhar was one of four cricketer who figured in the DRI taps but don't forget Azhar's greatness. Cricket Match Fixing, Life Ban

140 AN (Hizklan ehsan). Life ban for Malik, Rehman. Soortstar: 23,

24. 2000, 14-5.

This title discusses that Pakistani cricketer who were involved in this match-fixing scandal. The Pakistan cricket authorities made public the long awaited judicial report on betting and match fixing. The report has recommended life bans on former captain Salim Malik and fast bowler Ata-ur-Rehman besides fines six other players including Wasim

Akram, and Mushtaq Ahmed have been slapped fines. Justice Qayyum examined as many as 54 persons, including present and former players, journalists managers and Australian players the judge has recommended that Malik at the centre of match-fixing controversy. In the light of the presence of evidence if support allegations made by

Shane Warne and Mark Waugh, the commission recommdends a life ban be improved on Malik and he be not allowed to play cricket at any level and not allowed even to associate him self with any cricketing affairs a fine of Rs. 3 lakhs has been imposed on former

Captain and he also removed from the captaincy of team, the stocky

Inzamam-ul-Haq, Akram and Saeed Anwar too were slapped a fine of

Rs. 1 lakh each.

Criclcet IVIatch Fixing, Life Ban

141 Doors shut for Cronje: UCBSA Indina Congers lose. Hindsutan

times. 164, 181; 2001. July, 25, 18. \9\

This article shows that the united Cricket board of south Africa has finally broken its silence on the Hansie Cronjie Saga by

announcing that the former captain would never again be allowed into the short even if Cronje suceeds in overturning the life ban against

him in the high court. Sohna's statement, comes in the wake of a

report published by London's Sunday that an audit, crried out into

Cronjie's financed had found that the former skipper had made 120 deposits into 19 accounts during the five-year term that could not be identified as either salary, enorsements or any other declared income cronje dismissed the report as irresponsible and malicious; I wouldhave been better if he had kept silent on match - fixing like other cricketers. There were a post of otehr international cricketers whose presence on the list of suspects has done nothing to diminish their careers while said that Cronje's decision to fight his life ban was right and it is almost certainthat this is a legal fight that the board cannot win.

Cricket Match Fixing, Life Ban

142 Punish the guilty with a life ban Cricket talk. 1, 6, 2000, april; 15-16.

In this article tells Ayaz Memon about his experiences with match -fixers Betting and match -fixing allegations have brought cricket inthe sub-continent into sharp focus. Former

Pakistan Captain Imran Khan had an underview of the game for over two decades he feels that the only way to end this menace is to ban the uilty for life. With the frequency of one-day cricket match-fixing seems to have taken off. And no one wanted to take any action there is also the fact that prof, that would stand in a court of law was always going tobe hard to obtain. The cricket boards were depleted too. They did not want their comes to be depleted if big names were involved. Players no matter who they are, have to be punished even talking to be bookie should be considered on offence, anybody caught exchanging money with a bookie should be punished with a life ban.

Otherwise it is potentially. The consequences are too huge . The devastation its' caused in Pakistan cricket is an example.After 1992

Pakistan was the strongest team in world cricket but they have under performed, mainly because of match fixing allegations.

Cricket Match Fixing, Life Ban

143 Mukherjee (Defangashu). Their faces give them away. Cricket

Talk. 1, 9. 2000, May; 8-12.

This article says that even after Cronje has confessed to taking money from bookies, then why the authorities are not banning him for life. Why should one wait for an inquiry when the played himself has admitted that he took the money no matter what the reason for throwing away a match or for giving information to the bookies,

Cronjie has cheated the public and should be punished. There is reason to believe that some Indian players are involved in all this, why we look at their faces on television while they're answering questions on match-fixing, we can see the tensio on their faces. Thus proving that they'are trying to liide something. Whatever come out of the various commission of inquiry, one this is sure, cricket will never be the same again.

Cricket Match Fixing, Losses, Image

144 Bharatan (Rajiv), a crisis of conscience. Sportstar. 23, 30; 2000,

July ; 40-42.

This article discusses that prabhakar's caveat against Kapil Dev is yet to stand scruting in a court of law. The image of our cricket has never been so law. The union sports ministers statements since have witnessed his office shed much of its lustre in the face of what is best described as a match fixation in the public mind Keeping a cricketer out of the Arjuna Awards the barometer of public opinion sharply indicates that certain big, names have urgently to cease to be part of the small screen for a semblance of credibility to return to

Indian cricket our cricket board must know that this is the moment to act he time to play-act being long past.

Cricket IVIatch Fixing, Losses, Image

145 0. Sujit Chandra Kumar. Devastated. The Week. 18, 23, 2000,

May. 70-1.

This article discusses that cricket's image is at stake as the country's best all-rounder is accused of match-fixing it is not just the reputation of a cricketer that has been questioned but the image of the game itself. The match in question came towards the end of Kapil's career because Bindra named his as the man who offered

Manoj Prabhakar money the credibility of cricketers is gone. Unlike

South Africans who have been doing well despite the Hansie Cronjie controversy, Indians may find this controversy a little too much. What started as a trickle has all the signs of turning into an avalance. The cricket board can only warn the players and amend the code of conduct and contracting for players. Subba Rao Wants curbs to be introduced on players social interaction. If a solider betrays the nation, it is only a case of sedition but if a player does it the imae of the entire nations will get affected.

Cricket Match Fixing, Losses, Image

146 Kumar (B Vijay). On a short fuse. Cricket Talk. 1,6, 2000,

April; 18-21.

This article stats that cricket suddenly seems to be in an unholy mess. As allegations by the game administrator fly thick and fast, the credibility of the game has taken a beating the world of cricket has not been the same since hansie cronje's conscience woke him up in the middle of a long night wo weeks ago. On the one hand, we have south Africa's AN Backer and I.S. Bindra pointing fingers in specific directions the focus has clearly shifted from the main plot. Hansie

Cronje is no the key villian anymore. The delhi police is not the hero any more. I.S. Bindra first tossed and at international Cricket Council

(ICC) president Jagmohan Dalmiya then insisted that every match and virtually every player is involved before finally threatenning to reveal even more at the right time. Sadly players like Azharuddin, Ajay Jadeja, Nayan Mongia, Even Kapil Dev have been at the receiving end of the slugfest. In fact, almost every Indian player is on the suspect list no. Hansie Cronje got caught because there was evidence, Shane Warne and Mark Waugh got punished (and Probably escaped) becasue they confessed.

Cricket Match Fixing, Losses, Image

147, Prasad (G.V.) Playing Fugmies Out look. XI, 33; 2000, August,; 4

In this article author says that the great idols and icons of Indian cricket have definitely fallen from grace and have become gygmies in the eyes of public on them and the awards conferred on them. Many even got the Dronacharya award for their greatest contribution to sports in India now it as time tainted cricketers who are no better then smugglers or drug peddlers the truth is every body from top to bottom is corrupt fans get disappointed with Indian cricket and administrators life in cricket seems to be getting murkier and murkicar every day.

Cricl(et Match Fixing, Losses, Image

148 Venkat (CN), Down down down. Cricket talk 1, 9 ,2000, July; 11-14.

This article states that cricket has undergone devalution instead of evolution the game once the exclusive preserve of gentlemen, has become the preserve for cricket Poachers, those invisible gentle men 1^6

who are better known as match-fixers. Cricket now is worse than horse racing at least they know that they are gambling where racing is concerned once cricket was linked to nationalism and those who stil think that the players are playing for the glory of their country are being duped most of the time. Cricket is liked a TV channel - the remote player is in the hands of the fixers.

Cricket Match Fixing, IVIanoj Prabhalcar

149. memon (Ayaz). Remedy must come from within. Cricket Talk

1.9: 2000, August, 2.

In this article authors says that in his palying days Manoj

Prabhakar earned renown as a doughty cricketer he might now command everlasting fame as the man who pulled off the most sensational sting operation in the history of circket. Only, this happend outside the playing oval, for over amonth before his discolousre.

Prabhakar had been allover the country secretly recording his old mates and other illustraions members of the cricketing world on videotape. Prabhakar has succeeded in exposing that there is something rotten in the sse of Indian cricket and this needs urgent remedial action from the BCCI. The Indian cricket lovers, indeed cricket followers all over the world, have suffered a serious breach of gaith. Unless trust and credibility in the players and officials is restored, the game will suffers. \rl

Cricket Match Fixing, Manoj Prabhalor

150 Shah (Rabul). Prabhakar on a weak wicket, 1,11, 2000, June; 13.

This article states that Manoj prabhakar, the former India all rounder in fine tune with the internet age, claimed, in an interview to a website last week, that is was indeed Kapil Dev who offoered him

Rs. 25 lakhs under-perform in the 1994 Singer cup match against

Pakistan. Full marks to prabhakar ofr astute manipulatio of public attention. But in purely legal terms he is on a sticky wicket, to criminal lawer. Mahesh jethnalani, Prabakar's case is very weak. As far as Kapil is concerned, from a legal standpoint; he should be presumed to be innocent. When asked how once gets to the elusive truth, Shrodkar conceded it would be difficult. Easier to find a polar bear in the Sahara than solid proof inthe match-fixing episode. Kapil

Dev today, according to me, is innocent".

Cricl(et Match Fixing, Manoj Prabhalcar

151. Krishanan (Murali) Manoj Prabhakar stunned the world. Soortstar.

23, 9. 2000, February. 32-38.

This articles states how Manoj Prabhaper blown the whistle on others, but he himslef is no saint either Manoj Prabhakar who have stunned the world last week by his revelations about being offered money by Kapil Deve, But fresh investigations by outlook prove that he is one of the main beneficiaries of match-fixing himself and was actively involed in fixing matches during his playing years. On the \E

basis of conversations monitored, by the Mumbai, Crime branch interogation of bookies in Calcutta and Mumbai and intercepts of their message and inforemed accounts of other players focus on the role of

Prabhakar who til now has claimed to be a catalyst in cleansing the game of cricket, Outlooks continuing investigation into bettng/match fixing scandals over the past few weeks rerealy that Prabhakar was one of the for cricketers metntioned in the transcripts recorded by the

DRI which were passed on to the BCCI chief, Madhav Rao Schndia.

In addition to this his name also figures in tapes recorded by the crime branch of the Mumabi police, while intercepting messages from bookies. He is also mentioned by former pakistan Wicket Keepr

Rashid latif as being one of teh several Indian cricketers who called him to find out about pitch conditions and other match details.The other cricketers whoes names figured often in the taped intercepts were former cricket captain M. Azharudding, wicket Keeper Nayan

Mongia and Ajay Jadeja they were directly or indirectly involved insome match fixing deals.

Cricket Match Fixing, IManoj Prabliakar, Viedo Tape

152. I.R. Gopalakrishnan. Hit where it hurts. The Week. 18, 26, 2000. June; 14.

In this article author says that did Manoj prabhaker do right or wrong in secretly videotaping off the record conversationwith various peoples he obviously feels he did right especially sicne he was out to reinforce his own credibility, which has taken a knock of tal all those Ng^

whose can did comments were made public obviously think it was a all wrong. The one thing that these tapes do establish is that everyone associated in any way with the staging of international cricket fixtures knew that betting and matchfixing were going on and its is also now fairly wel established that his country was and is the hub of all this racketeering kapil Dev. is yet to explain why he continues to be coach of this Indian team after advocating that India not play and cricket till this issue is settled, it would be an open admission of quilt the ICC intaking action against players on betting and match-fixing cold well face. The charge of the pot calling the kettle back write to everyone involved that the game has lost credibility and write to advertisers that we will boycott products promoted by painted cricketers. That is the only threat that will force the authroities and players to act.

Cricket Match Fixing, IMark Waugh, Clean Chit

153. Mark Waugh also gets a clean chi. 164. 189.2001, August, 8; 17.

The article shows that the Australian Cricket Board has Cleard mark Waught of mtch fixing allegation levelled by Indian book maker

M.K. Gupta for lack of any "Credible evidence" and following refusal of the latter tobe questioned and repart his charge. The ACB on tuesday released anti-corportion investigator Greg Melicke's report, which was based on more than 60 interviews in four countries, this investigation has established that despite a number of approaches to Gupta by \°io

cricket ivnestigators, he remains incooperative and has not provided any evidence to support his allegations, Meiick said. Gupta had alleged that he paid Waught $20,000 seven years ago for information about pitches, term, strategy and other matters.

Cricket Match Fixing, Media

154 Husain (Sarwar), Media as the villain. Outlook 9, 210,2000, July;

56-7.

This article says media needs a fresh villain just as it needs a fresh icon everyday. It reveals the sordid double standards and selective reporting induldged in by the media in uncovering the match fixing allegations so is kapil Dev quality as alleged by Manoj

Prabhakar : After all, if Kapil indeed make him the precious offer in the mid 90's why should Prabhakar have to wait till 2000 to make public his allegation, unsubstantiated with proof. Hardly had Kapil's tears dreid up when south African captain Hansie Cronje dropped a bomshell by revealing that it was mohammad Azaharuddin who had introduced him to M.K. a bookie who offered him close to $ 30,000 for closing the third test match at Kanpur in 1996. Azhar alleged that had been victimised by former cricketers Sunil Gavaskar, Ravi Shastri and Manoj Prabhakar and signed out by the media because of his religious affiliation. \'\\

Cricket Match Fixing, lUlonarchs

155 Husain (Sarwar) Monarchs of Manipulation. The week. 9, 202,

2000, March; 56-57.

The author of this article described the leading players of the soap opera of Indian cricket. Unfortunately, even as the likes of

Tendulkar, Kapil Dev and Azharudding settle their personal scores,

Indian cricket continues to suffer. For the modern day monarchs of manipulation are calling the shots in Indian cricket not quite a gentlemens' game these days call them by the names, of Rajsingh

Dungarpur, Jaswant Leie and Jagmohan Dalmiya. Or call them Kapil

Dev Sachin Tendulkar and Azharuddin, the manifest face of directors of the theater of the absurd. This at a time when the captain and the coach got the team of their choice. For the one days. And the tests.

So much so that for a good six months or so it seemed that the five jokers who contitute the selection boards were merely enacting the part of rubber stamp inthe unfolding drama of Indian cricekt the, came disaster down under, the team lost every test match. Every one-dayer save one. this in turn meant that the theory doing the rounds that

Sachin-Kapil were behind the continued ouster of Azhar was lent credibility. Particularly when the former resigned almost in a huff following the recall of Azhar for the test matches against South

Africa. Cricket Match Fixing, IVIoney, Bool(ies

156. Cherian (John) Under a cloudn Frontline, 2000, April;

This article, discusses the allegation of match-fixing made against

South African cricket captain Hansie Cronjie and his team mates by the Delhi police creates a sensation. The police claimed that Hansie cronje along with , Pieter Strydom, Herschelle Gibbs and

Henry William had taken money form bookies to fix matches in one day series with India. Croje has labelled the charges rubbish; he said he would never do anything that would let his country down. The

Delhi police also claimed that the tapping of the celluir phone used by the South-African captain was authorised by the Lt. Governor of Delhi

Vijay Kapoor. The matter apparently went up to the level of foreign minister. Infact south African high commissioner to India has made an official request to the Indian government for a copy of the tapes. The stand of the Delhi police is that after the case was registered the tapes were sealed and they could ony be retrieved after the case come up for hearing.

Criclcet Match Fixing, Money Matters

157. I.R. Gopalakrishnan. Incentives to confess. The kleek 18,29, 2000 July; 74.

This artlcel discusses what are the specific that are violated by a player or team accepted money to perform poorly on which others placed pats. No door the conduct of the players constitutes cheating 1^3

of the playing pubic but hte law makers never imagined circumstances like these when they framed. These laws. So it makes sense for cricketing authorities every where to create an attractive incentive scheme for those wanting toconfess. The offer of immunity to Hansie

Cronje after his testimoning in the hearings the south Africa is conducting is one way. If back money operators can be given aimhesty and a voluntary disclosed scheme to bring in their unaccounted wealth-call it a voluntary confession scheme for cricketers.

If a player is banned for life, the ban will make no sense if world or state TV or ESPN were to take him on as a commenstator, Indian board is more interested in whitewashing the whole affair rather than inavire into it seriusly but they can make a start by dropping Kapil,

Dev, Azharuddin and Jadeja.

Cricket Match Fixing, 1996 World Cup

158. Ramesh Chandran. Pace Partners. Cricket Talk 12, 13, 2000 June.

In this article author traces and discovers some interesting facts about Kapil Dev India's top allrounder in the 80s and Manoj Prabhakar who was the pretender in the 90's Prabhakar nevery seemed to be in

Kapil's scheme of things he figured ony in a few one-dayers between

1985-87 where he did have a reasonable run. The 1996 World cup match against Sri Lanka at New Delhi proved to be the Waterloo with

SanathJayasuriya despatching him to all corners. The mathc and indeed Prabhakar's international career ended with Prabhakar \^M

off-spinners, later prabhakar fell foul with Azharuddin and went into oblivion before his allegations catalputted him back to the news pages once again. Now tih prabhakar finally naming kapil as the senior acricketer who offered him I bribe in the 1994 singer cup, it is perhaps for the last time tht th paths of these two all-rounders have crossed.

Cricket Match Fixing, One Day Games

159. Shastri (Ravi). One -day Madness. Cricket Talk 1,5; 2000 April,

13.

In this article author states it is the frequency as much as the nature of one-day games that has created the opportunity for this match practices of match -fixing shock waves from hansie Cronje's confessions still continue. Players who are involved in match-fixing are a disgrace to the game and there can be no sympathy. Cronje has lost for more than he has gained and he will live to regret this transgression forever. From India's point of view, it is very importnat to redcue the numbr of one-day international being palyed. These matches have invaded the international calender under the the pretext of globalisation, but this strategy needs to be reviewd urgently.

Cricket Match Fixing, Penalty

160 Richards (Barry). Need for a mechanism to control the game Cricket talk 1, 8; 2000, 15.

In this article author states that the penalties must be very severe on anyone found tampering with the game ammensty to quilty cricketers and officials is not possible on a grand scale. Life bans and penalties are the only way in todays' world the international cricket council (ICC) are making the right noise in their effort to clean up cricket's betting scandal. They has made some powerful statements and must follow them with action. That is where various cricket board ground the world have a rose. They must cooperate with the ICC and provide relevant information that might help them. Cooperation on a grand scale needs to take place between boards and all the people with a vested interest inthe game the solution wil not be an easy one but if we want a solutin, crickets administrators and players will have to pull together as never before.

Cricket Match Fixing, Prabhakar

161. Bahal (Aniruddha) Why we backed Prabhakar Cricket talk 1, 12;

2000, June 15.

In this article author states Agatha Christies Murder on the orient express where all the passangers travelling on the train are involved in a conspiracy. The match fixing saga in the Indian context has similar connotations. Pressure was obviously mounting on Manoj

Prabhakar to reveal the name of teammate who, had offered him Rs.

25 lakh to help throw a match against Pakistan in the 1994 Singer series at Colombo Presure from the CBI, the BCCI and even fans at large not only was Prabhakar in danger being branded the villian of the piece but it was also becoming increasingly clear tht if he did'nt \^(S

reveal thename now, he would not have any credibility lef the BCCI slammed a case against prabhakar and stopped the payment of his benevolent fund for not takin the name of the teamate who offered him Rs. 25 lakh.

Cricket Match Fixing, Punished Guilty

162 Chandra Kumar (C.Sujit). A new innings. 19. 1 2000, December

36-37.

This article state that the match-fixing controversy will hurt millions of fans though the board has funished the guilty but will the game regain its popularity As India did well in the ICC's knok-out tournament in Kenya except in the final and posted creditable wins against touring Zimbawe, the question ws all would be well once again. A slum in the TV Viewership ratings was reported during the

Asia cup in May Ads featuring Indina cricketers also came down sharply as shown by astudy done by market research agency.

However, the lack of interest among viewers attributed to the lacklustre performance by the Indians as much as the match-fixing allegations.

And whenever a wicket falls or a catch is dropped, they joke about how much thebookie paid. Ironically the match-fixing controversy, instead of putting off surfers, helped establish cricket next as a newly site. Seshadri alsowant professional manger to take overthe game and boast public confidnece. But he notes that crises of confidence is not uprecedented; fans were disgusted and many people stopped watching cricket after Miadad hit cChetan Sharma for six off the last ball of a Sharjah match- Another crisis was in 1990 when skippers Dilip Vensarkar and Kris Srikkanth became victims of board politics and Mohammad Azharuddin was brought in Seshadri says the only remedy for current crisis is to build an attractive team that plays attractive cricket. As prem Says, "The game has meant too much to many people, to be allowed to die because of few crooks.

Cricket Match Fixing, Punishment

163 Crime and Punishment. Soortstar. 23, 52; 2000 December ; 6.

This article discusses that ever since Hansie Cronje was named by the delhl police there has been a lot of talk about the possibility of several Indian players being involved with match-fixing and / or with the illegal bookmarkers in the country once the CBI report came out, the pressure on the board to take actio agains the palyers named by the country's premier investigation agency was mountin all the time the

BCCI handed out stiff punishments inthe end-lifetime ban on

Mohammad Azharuddin and Ajay Sharma nd five years bans on Manj

Prabhakar and Ajay Jadeja at a time growing in cyncism vi a vis cricket and its heroes inthis country, the BCCI's decission should certainly help reaffirm many a fans' faith in most popular game, it would be native to imagine that merely because of a few players involved in the shadow world of match-fixing and illegal bookmaking have been banned the game will turn out to be squaky clean in the future. \q8

Cricket, Match Fixing, Punishment Piayers

164 Murali Krishan: The board's cover drive. Outlook. 11,49.2000

December; 32-

This article states that the BCCI meted out the punishments to tainted players, but it is conveniently quiet about its own shortcomings by punishing a few cricketers, the BCCI has conveniently forgotten its own role to extent, the players who have been bounded and suspended would be eagerly awaiting the vigilance commissioner's verdict on the role of the BCCI. For instance, private eye, Manoj Prabhaker, whose cricketing career ended four years ago and who has been slapped with a five year ban, has stated that it was a BCCI official who first introduced him to a book maker Indian cricketers know that a few men in a board room, who unrecognized by the public, hold the real power. Bans on the cricketers may perhaps have brought one episode of the match fixing drama to a close. They are but one important element in the vicious cycle of match fixing.

Cricket, lUlatch Fixing, Religion

165 Sharma (Sanjay). Cricket is alive and well. Cricket Talk. 1,

27;200, September; 5.

In this article author says the game shall survive the die-hard cricket-fan who just adores cricket and think its his religion and the religion does'nt fade out but the recent match-fixing scandal has left \^°\

them shaken it and peoples are losing interest in the game. The ovation that Walsh and Ambrose got from the crowds and from their rivals that is real cricket and that is the greatness of the game. The awesome reputations for some players, their commitment to the game, the respect that the cricketers of one team have for players of another teams, even though they're fiercely competitive when they're playing against each other that's why it's such a marvellous game. The cricket fans who were get disheartened by all they nonsense about the game seeing bad, days will be hope that they will witness some great cricket very soon.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Report

165 Cricl(et on Sticlcy Wicket, says Condon. Hindustan Times. 164,

189; 2001 May, 25;

This article says that the report, response to the match-fixing scandal which erupted last year when former South African captain

Hansie Cronje admitted taking money from bookmakers, does not name individual, perhaps because investigations are still in progress.

Surprisingly, it reveals English County cricket as the birth place of corruption where teams fixed matches as early as the 1970s, according to the report, there was the justified fear that whistle blowers would be penalized rather than supported among the key, causes of match-fixing meaningless phe-dayers, the reactively low pay of cricketers, and threats to them their families "greed and opportunity are the main factors which are common in all cases of 2^o&

them shaken it and peoples are losing interest in the game. The ovation that Walsh and Ambrose got from the crowds and from their rivals that is real cricket and that is the greatness of the game. The awesome reputations for some players, their commitment to the game, the respect that the cricketers of one team have for players of another teams, even though they're fiercely competitive when they're playing against each other that's why it's such a marvellous game. The cricket fans who were get disheartened by all they nonsense about the game seeing bad, days will be hope that they will witness some great cricket very soon.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Report

165 Cricket on Sticky Wicket, says Condon. Hindustan Times. 164,

189; 2001 May, 25;

This article says that the report, response to the match-fixing scandal which erupted last year when former South African captain

Hansie Cronje admitted taking money from bookmakers, does not name individual, perhaps because investigations are still in progress.

Surprisingly, it reveals English County cricket as the birth place of corruption where teams fixed matches as early as the 1970s, according to the report, there was the justified fear that whistle blowers would be penalized rather than supported among the key, causes of match-fixing meaningless phe-dayers, the reactively low pay of cricketers, and threats to them their families "greed and opportunity are the main factors which are common in all cases of 2<^\

corruption but like a clogged tail-enter, match-fixing is still not out. Condon describes allegations of recent corruption, especially the ICC tournament in Nairobi in October 2000 and Pakistan's recent tour of New Zeeland.

Cricket, Match Fixing Report

167 Musti Khan (Ahmar) Qayyum Report Silenced ? Cricket Talk, 1,5,

2000 April; 17.

This article states that Pakistan's report on match-fixing unfortunately remains a secret, says Cricket circle in Pakistan are flabbergasted that not a leaf had stirred though several months have passed since the Malik Abdul Qayyum Inquiry Commission submitted its report to the president, who is chief pattern of the PCB, on the match-fixing, and gambling scandal. These circles are all the more incensed because of the fact the country's junta chief had handpicked a four star general to clear the musk in the Aegean stabes Iqbal Haider instead that the commission had convicted former skipper Wasim Akram, among others and had also suggested that Sharjah Cup should be discontinued since it felt that was the main centre for gambling and match-fixing.

Cricket, JVIatch-Fixing, Scam

168 Naqvi (Saba) To Bet set and Go. Outlook. XL, 15, 2000 April;

54.

The present study discusses about the latest cricket scam brings :^2,

dirert'y into focus India as the hotbed of match-fixing. It is in the subcontinent that bookies with strong under-world connections thrive.

It is here that the public mania for cricket results in big money riding on the game. It is the heat and dust of India. The fact that match fixing appears to be a subcontinental malaise can clearly be linked to the huge popularity of the game here. Not just players even organizers and members of the BCCI can't be considered above board. The only solution is to play less one day cricket. "Indians are fulfilling their natural urge to bet on a game which is a national obsession" Tragically, it is the love for the game in the subcontinent which, appears to have sown the seeds of its destruction.

Cricket, Match-Fixing, Scandal

169 Chakravarty (Sayantan) and Urga (Sharda). Sports Star. 23,

18 2000; April; 5-6.

With Azharuddin confessing to the CBI the lid is off on cricketer's biggest scandal. Mohd. Azharuddin former Indian captain and darling of millions, found himself infront of officer's of the Central Bureau of

Investigation (CBI) and a mountain of evidence and could only say,

"Haan maine match banaya the (yesi had fixed the match). It had take the CBI two months of painstaking worth to get to get the point where a big name like Azhar crumbled through phone records, collecting information about cricketers assets across the country and rounding up more than 200 bookies to get to the base bones of illegal gambling. The first stroke of good fortune for the CBI came in the form of Hansie Cronje's testimony to the King's commission he stated that Azhar had introduced to a Delhi based "diamond merchant" called Mukesh Gupta in Kanpur in 1996 who paid Cronje $40,000 (Rs. 18.5 lakh) for information. On June 28, Gupta himself corroborated Cronje's statement to CBI that Azhar had introduced him to the South Africa. Critically for the CBI Azhar had confessed to having fixed matches, admitting that he recreated money from Gupta for influencing, the result of two Titan Cup matches in 1996 and one match in the Pepsi Cup in 1999. He is also the only player approached by the underworld to fix the games. The CBI was able to move on to the two players, Ajay Jadeja and Nayan Mongia named by Azhar as his trusted allies in match fixing.

170 Chandra Kumar (C Sujit) A New Inning. The Week. 19, 1; 2000, Dec; 36-37.

This articles status that what kind of reaction is found after the

four months of the big match fixing scandal. Many boys who used to

create so much ricks in the alleys with their bat and ball had

developed a susidden liking for badminton or volleyball. Ironically the

match fixing controversy instead of potting off surfers, welped

establish cricketment as a mercy site. The punishment melted out to

tained players may go a long way in restoring the confidence of the fans. The board had punished the guilty but will the game remain its

popularity. The game has meant too much to too many people. To be allowed to die because of a few croooks. 171 Corbett (Jed) After the nightmare are an impossible dream.

Sport Star. 23, 53; 2000, December; 30-37

This article discusses that cricket is no longer a by word for

honest dealing. It has been turned into the game we can't trust

the scandal of match-fixing did not begin the day Mukesh Gupta

turned from a bank clerk into a bookmaker became he thought there

was easy money to be made; nor the day he met Mark Waugh and

Shane Warne; nor the day the dame's top brass decided that more

lump under the carpet would make no difference it started so long

ago. The match-fixing scandal was fired by player's greed in reality

the players did not sell matches they sold their own scores and the

bookmakers made money because they knew that a batsman,

instance, would get himself out before he made a score nominated by

a bookmaker and in all these cases there is the lack of zeal and

total absence of probity among those who are supposed to run these

activities.

172 Fernando (Ranji) Quite Shattering. Sports Star. 23, 17; April; 28- 29.

The South African Captain Hansie Cronje's confession in the

match-fixing scandal rocked the cricketing world. He admitted being dishonest to the South African Cricket Board. This has not only shattered the South Africans, who have placed their hopes and aspiration on Cronje's as their role model captain, but also every cricket lover. After, Mark Wough's and Shane Warne's and 2&S^

repentance of their careless act one thoughts that the cricketers would keep away from bookmakers. The followers of the game, were

let down and this is a big blow to their faith on the player's. They

have been taken for a ride and now they should be having all sorts

of doubts, even if the matches are played fair and square. These

may be only a few who indulge in this, evil but the sad part is that the entire sport and all the cricketers are tarnished. All these fixing generally happens when are teams is weaker. The fixers will have a

lot to benefit when a weaker team causes an upset. Not only the

Cricket Boards, but ail governments and sports bodies must be drawn into It and this malady has to be weeded out. Sportsmen are

public figures. They may even have to be asked to short their assets like politicians. Exerting measures may be required, in the form of international legislation. From the aspect of awareness, the cricket board's need to include a section pertaining to match-fixing or anything remotely, connected with it, in their code of conduct. Action must be taken to eradicate this malady.

173 Harper (Paddy) Colour Coding. Out Look. XL, 15, 2000. April;

50-52

The present article discuss that the Hansie Cronje had lived to the board and the country in his earlier denial of taking money in the latest match-fixing scandal to rock the cricketing world. The media response to the scandal reflects somewhat clearly the hangover of a pertained-era unite supremacy which still remains a hidden part of the psyche of money white South African. First defending Cronje Zo6

adopted a more rational approach Hansie's getting caught does make the point that we all name the potential to be currupt and to be good guys. His down fall is reflection not on the nation but on white Africandom. It must be indirectly sobering for the South African population at large that there are countries out there that take these issues seriously and are milling to do something about them.

174 Lokappally (Vijay) Cricket/Match-Fixing Scandal. Sports Star.23,21 2000; May; 16-17.

This article discusses Kapil Dev most telling statement of his

career. A man, who took great pride in winning matches for India

has such a drastically poor, opinion of the game now-from the

time the match-fixing controversy, occupied the front pages. There are

two other characters in this drama. Manoj Prabhakar and I.S. Bindra

both messiahs in the war against corruption in the game. Three

years ago, Prabhakar alleged that a teammate offered money to

underper form. This was during the Singer's Cup in Colombo in

1994. What has hurt the players most is the dirty feud between two administrators spilling on to the field and engulfing almost

everyone associated with the game. Kapil does not happen to be the

only name to have figured in this controversy. Sachin Tendulkar,

Mongia, , Ajay Sharma, Ajay Jadeja -the list has

been long put without evidence. The allegations have been third

party put interestingly only Kapil has thrashed legal against those who

made the accusations. 174 Lokapally (Vijay). Cricket /Match fixing scandal Soortstar. 23. 2;

2000, May, 16-17.

In this article discuss Kapil Dev most telling statement of his career A man who took great pride irP winning matches for India has such a drastically poor opinion of the game now from the time the match fixing controversy occupied the front pages, there are two other characters in this drama-Manoj Prakhakar and I.S. Bindra poth messins in the year against corruption in the game three years ago, Prabhakar alleged that a teammate offered him money to underperform this was during the singer cup in Colombo in 1994. What has hurt the playes most is the dirty fued between two administrators spilling on to the field and engulfing almost everyone assocaited with the game. Kapil does not happen to be the only name to have figured in this controversy. Sachin Tendulkar, Mongia, Venkatesh Prasa, Ajay Sharma,

Ajay Jadeja the list has been long, put without evidence. The allegations have been third party but interestingly only Kapil has threatened legal action against those who made the accusations.

175 Memon (Ayaz). Riven by Scandal Cricket talk. 1, 8; 200. April; 2.

In this article author discusses that its been a story and sometimes bizarre week. Just when it seemed that investigations into the betting and match fixing scandal were moving into a higher gear cricket administrators in India and elsewhere exploded into an absurd game of allegations andcounter allegation former BCCI president I.S.

Bindra's tirade against current ICC president Jagmohan Dalmiya^is a 2^a

case in point. Bindra, however, damaged his own case by fulminating at every forum and every opportunity against his own board instead of stretching the arguments to include other and proven errant bodies like the Australian cricket board. BCCI was silly in making the chandrachud report public and if it as Dalmiya's writ has prevented this, then he has been silly too. Cricket has already been damaged enormously its time for a few worthies to come to its rescue.

176 Premchandran (Dilip) Heroes who fell Cricket talk 1, 9, 2000.

May; 32-3.

This article discusses the world of cricket mayhave been rocked by the match fixing scandal. Such scandals are nothing new the history of sports has many murky chapters on sullied sportsman and administrators. The greatest of all sporting scandals occured as for back as in 1919 almost 70 years later, Pele Rose, was found guilty of betting on the outome of baseball games there have been other instences too of matches were some skuldugery was suspected to have taken place but could never be proved most prominent among such instances ws American fottball's NFL championship game in

1940. Boxing has always been stignatised by its underworld connections perhaps the finest example of this was take La Motta, the middle weight immoralised in the movie raging bull. La Motta's a tragic story, and a reminder of how sport and the murky world of betting have become inexorably linked. i-<=^

177 Sanjay (Parthare). BCCI mud wrestling. Cricket talk. 1, 11;

2000,July 20-24.

This article says that despite this match fixing scandal shocked all nine playing countries still it surprising that some members of the board do not want the CBI to look into the issue ? It is not possible that match-fixing involves not just the players but also our deemed officials in the BCCI. BCCI dropped a golden opportunity to curb the menace, even after showing the world that it was serious, and setting up the justice XV Chandrachud Commission of inquiry to hand out a clean chit to players, administrators and the game.

178 Ugra (Sharda). Outtaki India Todav. 25, 26; 2000, June; 40-46.

Cricket trust with the court room of Justice king has shaken

South Africa. But as idol after idol disputes feet of clay one of sports biggest scandals only threatens to get bigger. Chje's testimony has shaken cricket's cosy world he said during a test in Kanpur in 1996

"Azhar introduced me to Mukesh Gupta who offered me $30,000 to lose a test" adding three more bokies cricket's most wanter list-"Sunil", the famous Mr. John and one Martin Aronstam. It is hardly surprising

Cronje took this stance. During his career he was the puster boy of the United Cricket board (UCB). even now the deepest public disgrace possible Cronje had suscceeded in becoming a symbol. The Christian

Cricketer who had by his confessions saved world cricket. The suspicion that Indian players are involved in match fixing is heightened by Hansie Cronje's starting charges against Mohammad Azharuddin. Ali 2^\o

Bach«r, UCBSA, chief says he knew a big Indian Bokie, Mr. R; also Majid Khan told him two of the 1999 world Cup matches were fixed. Symcox, also said he ws aproached by a foreign, player, Mr. X, during the 1996 tour to India. The inquiry has focussed attention in its first 10 dyas entirelyon these players culminating in Cronje dramatic televised statement the role of administrators is not yet under such severe scruting through these are ramblings whting the government that there is a dese to expose the involvement of those at the very top of cricket.

179 Unforgiven. Cricket talk. 1, 25, 2000, September, 3.

This article discusses Allan Donal and Hansie Cronje have talked

a few times after the match fixing scandal came to hight. Donald's

been Hansie Cronje's friend they had some fantastic times to gether

and played together for and south Africa has probably not

taken top kindly to the fact that while he was put bowling his heart

out his friend was selling matches and his consciencce for a few

dollars Cronjie admitted that his wife berth was the one most hurt by this scandal. Hansie said he felt bad, he had hurt has family and friends and the whole country the toughest part was forgving himself and that is going to be the hafdest part to convince people that shoul dnot put question marks on past performace because it if easy to do that dried once I can convince everyone of that, it is going to be eatter to forgive myself said Hansie.

180 Viswanath (G) What journalist feel. Sportstar: 2000, May; 22-23. l\\

This article discusses journalists views on match fixing scandal. It was a cricket festival in Mumbai in April a good number of journalists were there to avoided a good opportunity to elicit their views on the

match fixing scandal Clayton Murzello says the dame to the game following Cronje's admission that he has taken money from a bookmaker is a grave and a grim reminder to what's likely to hit us

in the fiture infact this is cricket's darkest time but as they say, there

is light at the end of the tunnel and we all well wait for the day.

Anand Vasu there are enough good and sensible peoples within cricket to overcome this latest sensation.

Cricket Match Fixing, Scandal

181 Waugh Hoping to be cleared. Times of India. 164. 188., 2001,

August, 7: 17.

This article discusses that Mark Waugh is hoping the Australian

Cricket Board will follow the trend in other countries and clear him of any wrong doing in the Indian book-maker scandal when it hands down its decision on tuesday. The ACB has scheduled a morning press conferences where ACB special investigtor Greg Melick will announce his findings into claims of bribery and corruption made against Waugh. Waugh was alleged to have been paind $ 20,000 by an Indian book maker, Mukesh Gupta, for information at a six-a-side tournament in Hongkong in 1993. Only Waugh and West Indian batsman Brain Lara have yet to be cleared of the charges. The 36 year-old record a century in the second test at Lord's and has been ^\2^

strong in the field breaking the world record for catches in Test

matches.

Cricket Match Fixing, Scandal

182 Zargar (Avinash). Let our icons be. Out look. XL, 27; 2000, July,

8.

This article states that to commit a mistake is not a sin the sin

is not to accept it Cronje could have denied the whole match-fixing

scadal, but he chase to confess with the full support of his

government and his people, and that too at a time when he was at

the peak of his career for this he should not only be pardoned but

also be allowed to play against from national icon to universal

disgrace, Cronje's fall seems complete but there are some who see

his act as human foible ad want to give him another chance he has

already suffered a lot and the united cricket board of South Africa

have already made an example by sacking him.

Criclcet lUlatch Fixing, Selectors, Involvement

183 Ram Raj (D). Are selectors involved in match-fixing ? Cricket Talk 1,11, 2000, May;

This article states that a lot of hue and cry has been rushed about the involvement of players in the match-fixing saga but has any thought been given to the rolers though there have been general references to officials of selectors in mathc-fixing on the Indian front it was disgusitng to see BCC officials washing dirty linen in public 2-\?>

instead of trying to find a solution to the problem they were busy throwing much at each other hope cricket survives this crises.

Cricket Match Fixing, Sensation

184. Rao (C. Rajeshekhar). prabhakar create a sensation Soortstar:

23, 24. 2000; 12-3.

This article discusses Manoj prabhakar investigative stuff that, shook the cricket world the undercover operation that Praphakar undertook with his journalist. Firends that showed key person of the

Indian criciketing fraternity speaking their minds on the murkier aspect of the game one, that the alleged offer by Kapil Dev to Prabhakar of

Rs. 25 lakhs for playing below par in a singer cup match against

Pakistan. Two there are indeed a lot of (Important people who believe that matches are fixed there are three persons Azhar, Jadeja and

Kapil Assistant commissioner of Income tax naming Azahruddin as the person who had declared Rs. 16 crores in the VDIS shceme. Former

Wicketkeeper claiming that all this match-fixng started when former

Delhi skipper Ajay sharma was part of the Indian team but Prabhakar would not have had to many tacker for his storeis, especially consedering Kapil Dev's Status.

Cricket IMatch Fixing, Shame

185 Pretorius (herbert). Fame to shame. The week. 18, 19. 2000. April; 36-37.

This article states that Hansie Cronje's admission of guilt was a ^\M

body blow to the sporting nation when Delhi police levelled the

sensational charges against Cronje and his cohorts, South Africa had

rallied behind their captain this is a sick case of sour grapes by the

Indians the mood changed quicly in the wake of his cnfession. There was the cold feeling of betrayal. Politicians were equally shocked by

Cronje's betrayal and called for the establishment of the independent commission of the inquiry, perhaps the most poignant moment inthe unfolding of the grand was when a visibly shaken Bacher told the world press tht he had made an error of judgement when he initially stood by Cronje's Profession of innocence. Bacher had been the architect of cricket developmen in south African and Cronje was the person who sold bacher's Gospel. In an Instant he became bacher's biggest liability the shame of the nation, If Hansie is crooked, what chances is there for South African Cricket ?

Cricket Match Fixing, Shame, Game

186 Chattopadhyaya (R). Mtch fixing shame of the game Sportstar.

9. 207, 2000, June; 56-57.

This article says that the match-fixing scandal put this great game to shame. Today after Hanse Cronje's candid, or not exactly so, confession we know better. It is no longer the gentleman's game", it used to be Cricket has been put to shame and what is more Painful

Its upholders, beneficiaries are behind the assault. Too many voices were heard simultaneously of the Delhi Police charge naming Cronje, strydome and Gibbs in the match fixing scandal. For India as for Z\'^

Pakistan there is no going a way from tiie bookies and there alleged involvement with the players. Already numerous names have been doing the rounds and there is talk of smoke and fire. If it was former

Pakistan Captain Wasim Akram or Salim Malik then India has Sachin and Azhar. There is the lesson from Cronje's Confession, that the allegation need to be looked after. After all it is only logical that if

India bookies can make it big with foreign players shoud they have not tried the Indian palyers as well. The BCCI will have to launch an investigtions into these allegations. The chandrachud report when made public can also shed many suspeicions. These is no denying that big money has made inrods into this game of willow all the same there is no denying the fact that the lifestyles of the cricketers smack of big money. BCCI will do well to order a full length investigation and if the players are found with even a hint of blemish, let the judicial system be amended to punish them.

Cricket Match Fixing, Shame Game

187 Brijnath (Rohit). Shame on the Game India Todav 25, 17, 2000,

April; 24-25.

This title states tha Hansie Cronjes admission that he look money from a bookie has rocked cricket's foundations and changed the way view the game here is no sadness like when a hero falls. There is no sound worse than a pedestal cracking. There is no anger more real than when faith is betrayed. Forget for a moment if you will a morning nation, a bewildered world, a shamed game. Think first of Z)6

fathers in thome of the fallen, wondering how they must tell their sons. That the man whose name they chanted, whose tilted collar they copied, whose life they dreamed of emulating, stands accused of match fixing in India and admitted that for $10,000 Rs (4.3 lakh) he passed on information to a bookie like a virus betting and match fixing have seeped into crickets blood stream, to the point here Matthew Engel, Wisden editor, says flatty, "The game is not dead, but it is very sick". A great game it shrounted in shame and almost under states the ase when he ays "This will cause very serious damage". It is why Greig says, " The world of cricket is on notice."

Cricket Match Fixing, Shamila Batopi

188 Singh (Dhiraj). Relluctant celebrily. Outlook. 11, 38, 2000. October; 71.

In this article Shamila Batopi states that both India and South

Africa are a cricket mad society her simultaneous ordeal that began with Hansie Cronje's grilling on national network has continued with every twist and turn of the celebrity case with the Cronje episode also came the hate mail from people her personal opinion of the former captain remains sympathetic though. She says he was a great captain, a very good cricketer but he was the author of his own misfortune he had choices, but he chose to do what he did after her tryst with the game, and fame, Batohi, now eager to move on when the commission submits its report by the second week of October she will crime over 2»>

as head of break of investigation ta lok into organised crime in South

Africa proof of her forensid capabilities lies in her greatly lacking of

various hail biting cases and her appointment as first common deputy

diretor of public prosecutors.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Shocked

189 Dutta (Arjeet). Cronje has shocked us. Cricket talk. 1, 26, 2000,

September, 25-27.

This article says that it is difficult to digest that a games of

cricket like Hansie Cronje involved in match fixing how such a great

captain lured by few dollars. It is indeed unfortunate that South Africa

as a nation will be remembered in history for two reasons, firstly for

the policy of apartheid and secondly for depolishing the gently man's

game of cricket. It's now time for all the boards and the ICC to take

necessary steps to eliminate match fixing completely but what is significant though us that Hansie had the guts to come out in the open and admit his guilt such acts should also not be tolerated so

Hansie should be given another chance. The teams need him and there is also need cricket to be free of scandals, after all its a game for gentlemen.

Cricket, IMatch Fixing, Shocked

190 Naidu (Edvin). A state of Shock Indian Today. 25, 17; 2000, April; 46-49.

This article states that Hansie admission that be had been ave>

dishonest shock south Africa like nothing had before get this straight Hansie Cronje was't simply south African's cricket captain. This God fearing Afrinkaner from the white tribe that once ruled South African was this country's filler of spaces. His determination to win the game for the new South Africa filled the space left by the country's isolation over its aparthid past. His firm paternal hand mounded a team that tried to fill in an emotional void for an emergent rainbox nation Television, radio and news broadcasts were illitered with the sad story about the rise and fall of Cronje was not abandoned by the people in his life 'Hansie remains our child," said his fate Ewic Cronje free state Cricket Union president Chartie Robinson said he would welcome Cronje back to the provincial side if he wanted to play. South Africa, after a week of shock, anger and intexse, sadness, is now picking up the pieces. Heroes fail, idols flounder, said a sombre TV advertisement fro the standard Bank recently, yet, it said, they leave a space for nen heroes to fill. South Africa needs those heroes. It needs those spaces filled.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Story

191 The Story so far. Cricket talk. 1, 5, 2000. April, 10.

This article discusses first information report no. Ill was lodged against South African skipper Hansie Cronje and four his teammates- pieter Strydom Herschelle Gibbs, Nicky Boje and Henry Williams on charges of match fixing on April 6, 2000. Rajesh Kaira, accused of being the middleman between Cronje and London based bookmaker zt^

Sanjeev Chawla, was arrested. Subsequently, Cronje confessed to the south African, Cricket Board that he had "not been honest" on march 9-12-2000. Police several times Kishan Kumar, mention the words "Pitch" and "Players" several times over his tapped cell phone to business associates they got suspicious Police trace the mobile phone give by London based bookmaker Sanjeev Chawla to South African Skipper Hansie Cronje. The police records Cronje conversations with Chawla. Cronje names four Indian cricketers. Indian board secretary Jaswant Leie says the allegations are rubbish.

Cricket, Match Fixing, Suffered, Enougii

192 He's Suffered enough Cricket talk. 1, 5, 2000, April; 15.

In this article Colin Evans speaks to about his from captain past and and future in cricket. Allan Donald has pleased with the South African authorities not to punish Hansie Cronje further over the match fixing scandal he has already suffered a lot and the United

Cricket board of South Africca have already made an example by sacking him his contract if gone. This base shattered his career, and he has lost his sponsorship and public speaking engagement he is deeply religious and is regarded as a sporting hero. Its difficult! to come to terms with it all otehr South African stars were in a state of shock as the sordid details of Cronkje's duplicity emerged. It is devastating and it just seems to have got from bad to worse since the allegations first came to light. Klessels admits that the damage sustained by south African cricket will take years to remedy. y.2^

Cricket, Match Fixing, Tapes

193 The Chawla tapes. Bookie's contacts in teh Indian team. India today. 25, 26; 2000, June; 42.

Ever since the Hansie Cronje tapes became public knowledge and cricket's nightmare began, Delhi police has been consistent in its claim that names of no Indian Cricketers have emerged. As information made available to India today makes it clear the Chawla

Cronje conversations indicate the fixing syndicate was in touch with

Indian players or perhaps administrators. As a government official says, "They were certainly in touch with Somebody who was in the known of team selection because they seemed to know who would be plahing." For a domestic tie those pring to selection would be the captain, the coach and the selectors. The damamging trancrip belongs to the evening of March 16, when called Cronje in his hotel room.

The following day India and South Africa were to play the fourth match of the series in the city. The script" for the game was discussed in some detail. It was agreed taht if India batted first it would score no less than 3000 and if South Africa batted first it would score no more than 250. While going through the plan, Cronje at one point told Chawla that modulating his team's batting per formance depended a lot on the opposition bowling. Chawla told

Cronje his sources in the Indian Camp had assured him Srinath and

Joshi were playing while Chopra would not. It is exactly as it turned out. 1'iA

Cricket, Match Fixing, Tapping

194 Batabyal (Somnath). Gotcha. The week. 18, 19, 2000. April, 31-34.

This article discusses that Delhi Police were tapping Dawood

Man's phone when they got Hansie Cronje. It was hard to believe that a man like Hansie Cronje took money his team had established a reputation for itself path on and off the field the taped conversation revealed how the South African captain was regularly in touch with bookies scripting the course of south African matches in the triseries with England and Zimbabwe at home and the one day series in India.

Rumours of cricket betting scandals have been floating around for the past few years and what the police have discovered, however big it may sound is just what the police have discovered, however big it may sound is just the tip of the iceberg. A senior investigator estimated the global cricket betting stages to around Rs. 15,000 crore.

In fact the social wing of theMumbai police had revealed Dawood

Ibrahim's hand in betting during the Caca-Cola cup in Sharjah in April

1999. Dawood had reportedly bet Rs. 3 crore on Pakistan and when it lost the first match to India, he told to bookies to cancel all bets.

Police maynot have anything against Indians but it only proves that whites are as bad as browns because is Indians who paid money to see that an Indian team wins.

Criclcet, lUlatcii Fixing, Tehelka

195 C. Sujit Kumar. Loose Chat. The week. 18, 26, 2000, June 35.

This article discusses that some of the most enthralling soundbites in the secret video titled fallen heroes, made by the tehelka.com team are provided predictably by that tongue loose man called Jaywant Leie, secretary of the board of control for cricket, in India. LeIe initially dismissed the tapes as doctored" but seems to have realised now that his denials don't matter much "I want to keep mum said the man whose tongue has let him down many a time Gaekwad points out that the played day night matches which used to start in the afternoon. In any case there was no mention of Azhar or jadeja getting run out but if hard talk can make news, why not loose chat.

196 Thomas (Jomy) Red and hot The week. 18, 26, 2000. June. 32-4.

This article discusses that tehlka's rerelations may not stand legal scroting. It was a hectic two month assignment for Bahal, former cricketer Manoj Prabhakar and the rest of the team much of the credit goes to Prabhakar, who apparently has no state in the dotcom. There is one doubt why should Prabhakar take such pains to help tehelka the Investigators will most certainly discount the entertainment factor as tehy go through each frame first of all, there are no specific provisions in the law to deal with a new age crime like match fixing besides there is no contract between the players and the viewers on the outcome of the match lawyer Rajeev Dhawan explains that the recording are not of actual conversation during the time of match fixing he is equally concerned a how the lack of ethics in the tehelka adventre people should wait and watch whther the BCCI is interested in taking action against the players and officials named in the tape

Lechi agrees : the law of cricket will apply not the law of land. 7^2-3

Cricket, Match Fixing, Tetielica

197 Ugra (Sharda) Players Outcast. India today. 25, 24; 2000,

October; 68.

This article discuss that the story that shock the nation, as the

name suggests is about exactly that the script of the documentary

made by Tehelka sting operation in which Manoj Prabhakar secretary

videotaped conversations with cricketers and officials taking about the

phenomenon with cricketrs and officials taking about the phenomenon of match fixing they are all in cricket's celebrated guarding who knew all along that the death an glory drama that is Indian cricket was at times little more than of force scripted by the Indian public's favourite

sports men. If Indian cricket wealthy in type and funds put faced with

deep internal problem and a shrinking taken pool. Cricket is injured

and it is the cricketers themselves that have inflicted the injury whetehr by colluding with the bookies or by ignored the fast that their teammates did. Part Third INDEX 224

AUTHOR INDEX Entry No.

ALI, Rizwan Ehsan 140

ANANDAN, Sjujata 100

AniruddhaBahal 35 B

Bahal, Aniruddha 161

Banerjee, Amit 109 Batabayal, Saomnath 13

Batabyal, Somnathand pretorius, Herbert 101

Batabyal, Somnath 124

Batabyal, Somnath 130 Batabyal, Somnath 194

Batabyal, Somnath 49 Bedi, Bishan Singh 129

Bedi, Bishan Singh 133

Bedi, Bishan Singh 48

Bedi, Bishan Sin^ 72 Bhandari, Neena 66

Bharatan, Rajiv 127 Bharatan, Rajiv 144

Bharatan, Raju 128

Bhogle, Harsh 113 Bhogle, Harsh 120 Boock, Richard 86 Bridgraj, Ajith 137

Brijnath, Rohit 187 225

ChandraKumar, C. Sujit 145

Cape Town conpession 73

Chakarvarti,Sayantan 3

Chakan^arty, Sayantan 122

Chakravarti, Satyama 31

Chakravarti, Satyantan 67

Chakravarti, Sayantan 103

Chakravarti, Sayantan 74

Chakravarti, Sayantan 76

Chakravarty, Sayantan and Urga, Sharda 169

Chakravarty, Sayantan 51

Chandra Kumar, C Sujit 170 i-" Chandra Kumar, C. Sujit 162 Chappel, IAN 69 Chappell,Ian 108 Chappell,Ian 116 Chappell,IAN 17 Chappell,IAN 18 Chattopadhyaya, R 186 Cherian,John 156 Conn,MalcoIn 114 Conn, Molcolm 53 Corbett, Jed 171 Corbett, Ted 97

Corbett, Ted 89 226

D Damodaran, Ashok K 36

Damodaran, AshokK 4

Doman, Mcheal 104 Dutta,Arjeet 189 F Fernando, Ranji 172

Fresh Leads ' »' 123 G Gupta, Ajay 75 H Harper, Paddy 173

Husain, Sarwar 155

Husain, Sarwar 154 I I.R. Gopalakrishnan 157

Iqbal,Asif ' '" 117 J Joshi, Ishan 92 K Kabra, SN 54 Karmarkar, Amit 26 Karmarkar, Amit 87 Karthik, SN 21 Kashyap, Prahalad 40 Khan,Waheed ' ^' 71 Khanna, Amar 22

Kheterpal, Ashim 91 227

Kotwal, Rohan P 77

Krishan Prasad 15

Krishanan, Murali 151

Krishna Murali 16

Krishnan, Morali 132

Krishnan, Murali 13 0

Kumar, BVijay 146

Kumar, B Mjaya 29

Kureishi, Qamar 7 L Latif,Rashid 99

Lokapally, \^jay, A 8

Lokapally, Vijaya 23

Lokapally, Mjaya 28

Lokapally, Mjaya 55

Lokapally, \^jaya 57

Lokappally, Vyay 174

Lokpally, \^jay 106

Lokpally, "V^jay 90

Lokpally, Vijaya 80 M Malik, Ashok 25

Mathew, Philip 34

Mc. Mahon, David 10

Mc. Mahon, David 83

Memon, Ayaz 11

Memon,Ayaz 115

Memon, Ayaz 149 228

Memon,Ayaz I75

Memon, Ayaz 32 Menon,Ayaz 234

Menon,Ayaz I3g

Menon, Santosh gg

MikhilMVad. 94

Mitra, Abhijat 4^

Mukherjee, Delangashu I43 MuraliKrishan j54

Murali Krishnan and Anandan, Sujata 3 0

MuraliKrishnan 32

Murali Krishnan 5 MuraliKrishnan 5g

Murali Krishnan 59 Murali Krishnan ^

MuraliKrishnan ^0

MuraliKrishnan ^1

Musti Khan, Ahmar 2 gy N Naidu,Edvin J^Q

Najmi, Qauied ^2 Naqvi, Saba j^g P Pillai, Ajith, JosM', Rajesh and Anandan, Sujata 102 Prabhu, KN 4^ Prasad, G.V. j^^

Prasad, Krishna 226 Prasan, Krishna ^2 229

Prasanna, EAS 63

Premchandran,Dilip 176

Pretorius, herbert 18 5 Q Qureshi, Qmar 98 R Ram Raj, D 183

Ramesh Chandran 15 8

Rao, C. Rajeshekhar 184

Redemption Song 13 5

Richards, Barry 160 s Sangli, Santosh Mohan Joshi 136

Sanjay, Parthare 177

Shah,Rabul 150

Sharda,Ugra 121

Sharma, Sanjay 165

Sharma, Sanjay 93

Shastri,Ravi 159

Shekar, Nirmal 107

Shekar, Nirmal 81

Shekhar, Nirmal 95

Singh, Dhiraj 188

Sordid Drama 24

Srivastav, Aravind 78

Srivastava, Ravi Kant 111

Sukit Chandra Kumar. 112 230

T.R. Gopalakrishnan 152

Thomas, Jomy 196

Tiwari, Kaushik • 96 u Ugra, Sharda 125

Ugra,Sharda 178

Ugra, Sharda 197

Ugra, Sharda 43

Ugra, Sharda 47

Ugra, Sharda 50

Umpire's Bias 65

Unfoi^ven 179 V V. Surdarshan. 14

Venkat, CN 148 Vishwanath, G 33

Vishwanath, G 44

Vishwanath, G 52

Viswanath,G 180 Viswanath, G 79 w Wadhwaney, K.R. I39

Zargar, Avinash 182 c^^\ TITLE INDEX Entry No.

A Different ball game 39 ACB clears mark wough of fixing charges 67 ACB Hails report but touchy about waugh 117 Action Replay 13 After a blazing ton, a false stoks 18 After the light mare are an impossible dream 170 AIB GIVES fiiUmark. 2 All credit to the Delhi Police and CBl 91 All the righjt moves, but 114 Any more belts 30 Are selectors invo^yed in match fixing 181 Are the Indians guilty 103 Are the Indians guilty 76 Azhar is guilty 100 Azharuddin confessing 168 Azharuddin Confession 16 B Back to 1994 test 10 Bating the Board 20 Batmen for never 96 BCCI has a responsibility on it's shoulders 28 BCCI has a responsibility on it's shoulders 23 BCCI mud wresting 176 BCCI was unfair 21 BCCI gets things moving 45 Bet and Bowl 31 Bets lies, deceit, and a determination to bury the truth 35 Bets, lies and hansie tapes 110 Betting on trouble 36 Blowing whistle on others 129 Board of no control 124

Cademic exercise 101 Cancel matches for now 40 Case of misplaced peplanc 133 Caught and bold *' 93 Caught at silly point 59 Caught 68 CBl Report 57 Challenges unlikely 26 Chawla tapes bookie's contacts to the Indian team 191 Clean bold 89 Colour coded 172 Confession of a fixer 77 Credit to the Delhi Police & CBl 92 Cricket fans st. Bookie & Cronje O 95 Cricket is alive and well 164 Cricket on sticky wicket, says condon 165 Cricket, corruption and videotapes 83 Cricket/match fixing scandal 173 Criket has become a tamasha 54 Crime and punishment 162 Crises of conscience 143 Cronje Denies hiding account details firom king commission 86 Cronje dreams of coaching South Afiica 87 Cronje has shocked us 187 X'^'^ D Decisive action 115 Delhi HC Seeks BflCI's reply on accountability 27 Devastated 144 Digging for some wicket ways 56 Dignity cast to the winds 127 Dirty talk 51 Down, down, down 147 E End of innocence 85 F Fall of a giant 105 Fame to shame 183 Fans Switch off 38 Fixing the Fixers 32 Focal point of the inquiry 121 Fresh twist 130 G Gambling in cricket 97 Game has taken a beating 81 Genesis , . 120 Give evidenced or shut up 95 Gomg Going Gone 22 Good for Nothing 37 Gotcha 192 Guilty and Afraid 102 a-^H H Hansie's captaincy one dimensional 108 Heroes who fell 175 He'sSUFERED enough 190 Hidden dirt 61 His career is finished 53 Hit where it hurts i" 151 Hope glory returns to cricket 96 HOPING to be cleared 179 Hostage in the toilet 46 How about a king commission in India 136 How this beating take place 50 Hypocrisy of the worst sort 98 I ICC meeting will the rhetoric be matched by action 113 ICC out to castigate pakistan 116 If Hansieis lying 14 Images hides the real face 119 Incentives to confess 156 INDIA-PAK ties on ACC agenda. 1 It has been going on for a while 33 It has been going on for a while 44 Urates 131 It was a big folt to the game 55 Its darkest before dawn 137 It's Rs. 1000 crbre*" business 43 K Kapil Dev did the right thing 135 Kapil's Devils 94 5L?.5 L Last stand 62 Lele in a controversy 138 Let baseball show cricket the way 126 Let our icons be 180 Life ban for Malik, Rehman 139 Light another match 41 Loose chat 193 Lull before the storm 104 M Manoj Prabhakar stunned the world 150 Mark waugh cleared of fixing allegations 9 Mark waugh given clean chit 71 Match of fixing history of shame Match-fixing shame of the game 184 Media as a source of corruption 80 Media as the villain 153 MK'S Testimony has been particularly significant 58 Monarchs of Manipulation 154 More Masked tha^^ revealed 42 N Need for a mechanism to control the game 159 New innmg 169 New innings 111 New innings 161 No names no point 118 Not above Board 12 Nothing to get hysterical about. 7 alit o Official Agenda 25 On a short fuse 145 One day madnes 158

Pace partners 157 Players outcast 195 Players outcast 74 Playing pygmies 146 Playing by the rulers 52 Playing with fire 128 Prabhakar can't be dismissed so lightly Kapil is the biggest gambler around99 Prabhakar creates a sensatrion 182 Prabhakar on a weak wicket 149 Probably there are more characters in this drama 82 Punish the Guilty with a life ban 141 Punishing the guilty 64 Q Qayyum report silenced 166 Quite an embarrassment of BCCI 65 Quite shattering 171 R Red and hot 194 Redemption song 134 Reluctant celebrity 186 Remedy must come fi'omwithi n 148 Resh leades 122 Rig veda II 125 Right and wrongs 78 Riven by scandal 174 s Saddest day for Indian Cricket 11 Shame on the game 185 Slow down, Kapil 132 SolitideofSin. 6 Sorry state of play 8 Sportstar 24 Stak of shock • 188 Still under wraps 72 Strange are way of ICC 112 Strange contradictions 73 T Tap on the Wrists 17 The big money game 47 The board's cover drive 163 The law is indeed an ass 70 The sting in thp tale 48 The story so far 189 The times of India 152 The Unlit half of the moon 69 The worst of cricket 84 Their faces give them away 142 Then and now 79 Time for stringent action 88 To bet, set and go 167 Tough cookies 106 u UCBSA Indian congers lose 140 Umpire's Bias 66 Under a cloud 1^^ Unfor given 1^7 Unholy patnership ^3 Unmasked 123 w Walking away 29 Wessels Ready to coach Pakistan supports lifting Cronye's ban 19 What a betrayal 34 What journalist feel 178 Whatever happened to our Hyderabadi lad 15 Where does the money go 90 Why Hansie, oh Why 109 Why we backed ft'abhakar 160 World of bookies 49 Y You too hansie 107