Barron's Roundtable: Upbeat Stock Market Outlook for 2010 - Barrons.Com BARRON's COVER New Strategies for a New Era by LAUREN R
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Barron's Roundtable: Upbeat Stock Market Outlook for 2010 - Barrons.com BARRON'S COVER New Strategies for a New Era By LAUREN R. RUBLIN Our panel of Wall Street luminaries is surprisingly upbeat about the U.S. stock market -- although the ride will be bumpy. Plus, Felix Zulauf and Mario Gabelli offer their picks for the new year. MONDAY, JANUARY 18, 2010 MERYL WITMER General partner, Eagle Capital Partners, New York ARCHIE MacALLASTER Chairman, MacAllaster Pitfield MacKay, New York FRED HICKEY Editor, The High-Tech Strategist, Nashua, N.H. SCOTT BLACK Founder and president, Delphi Management, Boston, Mass. FELIX ZULAUF Owner and president, Zulauf Asset Management, Zug, Switzerland BILL GROSS Founder and co-chief investment officer, Pimco, Newport Beach, Calif. MARC FABER Managing director, Marc Faber Ltd., Hong Kong ABBY JOSEPH COHEN Senior investment strategist and president, Global Markets Institute, Goldman Sachs, New York OSCAR SCHAFER Managing partner, O.S.S. Capital Management, New York MARIO GABELLI Chairman, Gamco Investors, Rye, New York ALL HANGOVERS ARE LOUSY, whether you've overdone it on Dom Pérignon or plonk. But none is worse than a hangover caused by too much money. The mournful effects are everywhere today, in a sluggish economy, rampant unemployment and towering deficits that threaten to cripple our currency and wreck our living standards. These and other weighty topics -- like China's rise and gold's remarkable run -- were much on the minds of the members of the Barron's Roundtable when this loquacious and brainy bunch of market savants submitted last Monday to their annual grilling by this magazine's editors. The venue: the Harvard Club of New York. The conversation: lively and contentious, and ranging widely over history, politics and economics, not to mention diapers (thank you, Mario). Those ancient Harvard sages whose visages line the walls would have been suitably impressed. As the Roundtable men and women see it, governments and central bankers face grim choices now that the credit bubble has burst and economies -- ours and others -- have grown dependent on stimulus spending. Pimco's Bill Gross summed up the problem neatly: "The Republican orthodoxy of lowering taxes is broken. The Keynesian orthodoxy of government spending is broken. What we really need is some new orthodoxy." You won't get that from this unorthodox crew, although they've got suggestions aplenty for bigwigs like President Barack Obama (less regulation, lower corporate taxes) and Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke (enough with the printing presses!). They've also got a surprisingly upbeat view of the U.S. stock market, notwithstanding last year's stupendous rally. Indeed, our crowd thinks the market could gain another 5% to 20% in 2010, fueled by profit growth and continued government spending, although the ride will be bumpy, particularly in the second half of the year. This first of three Roundtable issues features the group's big-picture views, and the investment picks of Felix Zulauf and Mario Gabelli. Felix, owner of Zulauf Asset Management in Zug, Switzerland, is strictly a macro maestro these days, identifying exchange-traded funds and long and short strategies that reflect his defensive posture. But Mario, chairman of money manager Gamco Investors, is a stockpicker all the way. This year, he revisits the investment case for old friends, like Cablevision, and makes it for new ones, like Griffon, a manufacturer of diaper components. He also provides a thumbnail history of the deal game on Wall Street, which has entered another round. Want the details? Please read on. Barron's: In case none of you noticed, the market did rather well last year. What do you think 2010 will bring? Felix, let's hear from you. Zulauf: This will be a transitional year. I am not sure how it will end for the markets. Cyclical forces are bullish. Governments and central banks have poured money into the global economy. We don't know what the true condition of the economy would be without all that help. Are there any comparable periods in history? Zulauf: The only comparable in modern times is Japan, although Japan's financial and economic crisis was worse. Japan lost three times the value of its gross domestic product as asset values deflated, while the U.S. lost only one times GDP. On the negative side, we are in the early stages of a deleveraging process, which is marked by a shift from maximizing profits to minimizing debt. It is a multiyear process. The U.S. consumer is in bad shape, and the U.K. consumer is even worse. So are consumers in parts of southern and eastern Europe. If the consumer saves 5% and invests it in stocks or bonds, the savings remain in circulation. However, if he pays down debt with that 5%, the money comes out of the economic system. That is what is happening, and it will be a drag on growth. This structural setup could last another five years. The U.S. consumer has to lower his debt by at least $4 trillion. But fiscal stimulus is ongoing. Central banks have spent trillions of dollars to manipulate asset prices higher, and that's a positive in the near term. Isn't the stimulus slated to end this year? Zulauf: That's the big question. Central bankers themselves are somewhat afraid of what they have been doing. Politicians are worried about public-sector debt. Therefore, the authorities will try to step away slowly from their stimulation efforts, because this policy isn't sustainable. That's the risk for the markets. The U.S. stock market has enough momentum to rise another 10% or so. But the authorities will start leaning the other way as they see signs of economic growth in the first two quarters, and possibly a jump in inflation. That could push the market down. Schafer: How can you have deleveraging and better growth? Zulauf: Inventories fell to about 9% of GDP in the recession. Just replenishing inventories gets you better growth. Then you have government spending on the order of $400 billion. The funny thing is, whenever the consumer wants to save and tries to do the right thing, the government and central bank come in and encourage spending. For a while they will succeed, but then structural forces will take over. The Federal Reserve has said it will stop buying mortgage-backed securities by the end of March. Faber: But that might not happen. Hickey: The Bank of England kept buying after the date at which it pledged to stop, because the alternative would have been a downturn. Zulauf: If economic growth proves disappointing, the Fed will continue its stimulative policies. But if GDP grows at a better-than-expected rate in the first half of the year -- say, at 4% or 4.5% -- the Fed will try to stop its programs completely. No new liquidity will enter the system, and the market will be on its own. If it loses momentum and isn't priced cheaply, it will correct. That's what I expect. Abby, you must agree with all of that, right? Cohen: Felix is correct that the structural problems will take a while to correct, and the problem isn't just the United States. Some make the specious argument that what happened is all the fault of the U.S. consumer. But housing markets became overpriced throughout the world. Too much credit was extended in a whole variety of places. There is a big difference between the U.S. and Japan. One reason it has taken Japan so long to get out of its decade-plus of sluggish growth is that it took a long time for Japanese banks and corporations to adjust their balance sheets and accounting. This lengthy process occurred with government approval and acquiescence. In the U.S., the banking system probably took 18 to 24 months to shrink its balance sheet to more realistic levels. The largest banks, with the preponderance of assets, were subjected to stress tests last April, and government regulators did a thorough job. The data will never be perfect, but they are as clean as you can get them. Most of the remaining problems are concentrated among smaller and mid-sized banks. Unlike Japan, it won't take another 10 years to fix the accounting. Zulauf: Why not go for five? Cohen: Let's talk about inflation. Deleveraging keeps inflation at bay. It is hard to argue inflation will increase any time soon. Capacity-utilization rates are extremely low in the U.S. In most industries, they are running between 70% and 75%. It is hard to see where pricing power comes from. Most important, the labor market has a lot of slack. U6 [the broadest measure of U.S. unemployment] is more than 16%. The stated unemployment rate, which gets the headline attention, is running about 10%, and is going to stay elevated for a very long time. Even if industrial production picks up, unemployment will continue to lag. The problem is far more than cyclical. How so? Cohen: There were problems developing in the household sector as far back as 10 years ago. Median household income has barely kept up with inflation for more than 10 years. That may be one reason many families weren't as careful as they should have been in maintaining their savings rates, let alone not going into debt. Growth will be pretty good going into 2010, but it might not be sustainable. I see a pattern similar to the one Felix laid out: We will start the year in a vigorous way, but the benefit from rebuilding inventory diminishes.