rlLY TELEGRAPH. ST. JOHN, N: B, TUESDAY, JANUARY 16,
- ~ ~~L - .- --- ~ ~ - Ill.&iiIrtion. I ,,,t ,I,& ,>,I t ,.,,tilm >\..I? "at ILEADE [EF[[DS ;~<;;.,;;;;,~;~;;;;;~~,-I Ir aod tllr ilroa,1 sI,olll,lcn ~~i.t~~~ nwle to the gliill,t sddltionnl coat ui inmanw to .,mm. the iu-1- wr* keptaepnmtc ,,",I tiie wornen rweiwi ra MILITANT TACTlGS iinruunt on,,. in proportlnn to what they I paid They ,v,.re allm.~dto rmtrik' late luow ti,.,, tiln.~I,cn~e r weak and imt paid tilan acvPa al~~lh~~,aix- rmzee, while tia men rcqeirrd ten shill. OF SRRRGETTES~, . IW If a ,voman g;wc bmth to - n bahs, her hushand rereired the matern- 1 itr ~ilowaneeof thirty ahillmgr. The baby xns hia. lf the ,ma not marlied 1 Miss Pankhmt Hered Says ., a the mdenr ity nlloaanee ierslf, bllt was not paid Force is Necessary tire we~klydl0wence ior ilineas ar she I u-odd have been if it WCR from orb - ?I4 and it was often the r8.e ,that a woman received less fur periormlng the SHE TELLS HOW great wrYiee to the ~tateof bringing into the "ofid 8 new cit'm than he did for WOM~NARE USED =me alight jlineaa.
A 1912 article in the Saint John Telegraph-Journal gives an account of militant British suffragist Sylvia Pankhurst's speech at the Saint John Opera House. She told of attacks in England against women who spoke up for female suffrage; she called for equal pay for equal work and many other reforms to improve women's status. -26- A 1920 ad in L'EvangBline, "Women who work need all their strength... to perform, without effort or tiredness, the often difficult work of the office,thestoreor theshop... St Michel Wine."
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An early appeal for New Bruns- wick women's vote by then Prime Minister Arthur Meighen, in an ad in No- vember I921 carried by L'EvangBline. WOMEN MAY SOON SIT IN N. B. HOUSE
The February 9, 1934story in thesaint JohnTelegraph Journal told ofpremier L. P. Tilleykpromiseofan amendment to allow women to become House members, as a result of "petitions ... from women's organizations, moreparticularly the Women's Institutes". Most other Canadian women except Quebecers had won the right to be election candidates when they weregiven the right to vote in the 1910's. - TAXES-AND WOMEN i- Or a11 the by-laws ever pad by the Town of Serrastle. : - the one meeting with the mwt iadignanl prutesl and condernna + lion of the majority of our tail.-nmdd citizens. is the taration I : of worne~On all aidcs. Pmm every n%lk ,of Ilfe. cnn be heard vchmmnt ohloction to this unfair law, yet the Town Colinrii i - niarwy shrugs its slloulder.~n~i~rrviousto the demand of the ; - cltizen~ that the whole matter be reuDeaed, and filar avote be takan in wder to awel-tain whether the i'ounril h;iw the EUP i : ~brtof the ritizrns in this new taxation. ur wilt-flier it has i - arld III nn autccratic manner and has overstrliged rllv auIi#mit!' - 'elfed i!, il by the will "I the rafrpayPl.9. : with prcthbiy two PXCCP~L~~!~.ihe members of Ui+ Cuu?cll ar i < tho tima this $&wu~w.~wmw~~~os:I,~~c~~,I.T .mn*;.:l;; rr, ,.r ;...,,r r A late 1930's editorial in the Newcastle UnionAdvocate by then manager Cecilia Salome-Toomik, now of Saint John. The issue was whether women, being so poorly paid, should have to pay municipal taxes, especially with the prospect that those who could notpay would be "marchedoff to thegaol". Salome-Toomik, then in her early 20's,pointedout that the Town Councillors were not affected by thelaw andso "they were not competent to vote" ... Petitions &+ #~SPd&sembly aftkc $!rouinrr nf Yeio 'idrunshrirk ronuenrb nthrrbrrirhton. Ehie pdition lpmblg ehebrtb; tknt the inte husbnnh nf pour petition% bne elerttb fm Ye Cnuntg of $&stmnrlnnb, a member of #muse of $ee~mhlg nnb that on his ionq to ,Fr~berirkton,for the purpose nf nttrnbing the first ereeion nf the present gnus* nf Aseemhlg, in compnng ioith the other members, for yie Counts ndin the urbire of his rotrntra on the qrnr one thousnnA eight hunbrrb nnb three, he ions unfnrtunntelq hrobneb in the %cnnchc~m~i~Fiver, nnb left qour petitionsr ioithfour small ~irle,nnb preynnnt ioith n em, iohirh kith hiffirldtq hnur suppurt~b$us far, on n eettlrment of mq late husbnnh'e Estate. it bns founb insolbent, nnb mo-. bhole hrmnbame ions mn bob% t11e mnreflof tntrwll mehirtteinrrhpkrb. mb nt,ret,rurtutti~..p nredb bp tl~rQontmiesiu~wreuf Scmrrsfur thr rrurtter, rxrrut, thr,~ Hsuer of .le~rmhlumil. hreluu w tnvr ma bietrreerh situntinn un&r t&ir consibemtion, anb grant me euc; perunin& relid as {q, in their ioiebonc, shnll think proper, the @nus* mnq rest nseur~bthnt nothing but reul nerresit~ cnulb haw obligrb gour petitioner tn apple in this public mnnnerfnrnssistanrs, anb most humbly hope it mag eurrd, nnh qour mnmorinlist as in butp bounb bill rbEr pmg. &ebr ~r~rntqle &etmorlanb 23 %unr 1808 Friends and Foes Andrew George Blair, a law- yer, House member and pre- Alfred A. Stockton, a lawyer mier of the prouince (1883 to and House member for Saint 18961, opposed universal John County, introduced seu- female suffrage for years, era1 unsuccessful bills in sup- judging it unnecessary. port of women's suffrage be- "What privilege or benefit tween 1889 and 1894. "Euery affecting their own interest movement recorded in history and well-being had ever been for the enfranchisement of denied them?", women was a step from slau- he said, in denying them the ery to liberty, and from barba- uote. (P.A.N.B. ~hotoi rism to ciuilization." (P.A.N.B. photo) Alphonse Sormany, an anti- suffragist member of the Assembly, and his wife, Eua Couillard, soon after their wedding. Sormany, a physi- cian from Gloucester County thought that "race suicide" would result ifwomen were let out of their proper sphere. (P.A.N.B. photo) dam Niagara as to stop this agitation."George Robertson, member for Saint John City, 1899. Henry R. Emmerson was a true champion of women's suffrage. As a House member forAlbert County and lateras premier (1897-1900), he sup- ported the idea that women should be in a position "to demand their rights rather than beg for them". (P.A.N.B. photo) "But where is man'splace? In the vast majority of cases his place is in the home, too." Henry R. Emmerson, 1895. William F. Roberts, a doctor and House member for Saint John, said in 191 7 in support- ing female suffrage, "It has also been urged that the sur- Frank L. Potts, the ever- roundings of the polling sta- faithful suffragist from Saint tion would offend the finer John, was one of the few who senses of women, but no fought for women's right to be objection was made to them members of the House. He paying their taxes and meet- was unsuccessful in having it ing with allclasses and creeds added to the 1919 bill giuing while they were doing so". women the right to vote. (P.A.N.B. photo) (P.A.N.B. photo) Women in Organizations The delegates, including nine women, to the Fifth Acadian Con gress held in Caraquet on August 15, 1905. (C.E.A.photo) The Doaktown Temperance Union of 1910, women in the major- ity. (P.A.N.B.photo) Participants in a Boer War drill held in Newcastle, pictured in front of the Newcastle Armoury on Pleasant St. The women are, from left,Ella Layton; Helen Black, Agnes Phinney; Louise Har- ley; Mamie Fleming; Bertie Copps; Bessie Bell; and Susie Sar- geant. (Ole Larsen Collection, P.A.N.B. photo) The I933 Women's Institute of Norton, with some of their child- ren. (P.A.N.B. photo) Mabel Penery French gradu- ated from law school in 1905 but the Barristers' Society and the Supreme Court of New Brunswick decided she was not a person and only persons could practice law. It took new legislation in 1906 to allow Mabel French to become New Brunswick's first female lawyer. (Photo reproduced from History of the Law Society of British Columbia, Alfred Watts.) Mary Matilda Winslow was the first Black woman to graduate from a New Bruns- wick uniuersity. She gradu- ated with honors from U.N.B. in 1905 and the university monthly called her "the clas- sicalgenius of '05". Unable to obtain a teaching post in the province, she taught in Hal- ifax and eventually in the United States. (Graduation photo, 1905, H.I.L.A.S.C.) TIE Conservative Candidate "BY TYElR FRUITS YE SHALL MOW THEM" Three Foremost Issues: , *". ,Lo,.. i ,: (.; ". jm .A, /,," \.,,( "~/.l*"/ .~,,,,, . ,,,*.~ ,,,..,, ,, . , .,,,, ~ ,.,, ,".,~ ,. ,,,,.-,..., ,,,, "" ,,,.",,.- , bm",:.,,"r~,"ST ...",*, Minnie Bell Adrteyl --Candidate By the Gate O~.G..J, Minnie Bell Adney of Woodstock was New Brunswick's first female candidate in a federal election. She lost in her bid as an Independent candidate in 1925. She had wanted to run in the 1919 election as a Conservative but her name never appeared on the ballot, due to a technical error or, as Adney believed, to her law- yers having accepted bribes. Only in 1964 is a female candidate successful in a federal election Margaret Rideout of Moncton. (P.A.N.B. photo, 1925 election poster.) Frances Fish was the first female candidate in a provin- cial election in New Bruns- wick. The well-known New- castle lawyer ran and lost for the Conservatives in 1935. It would be 1967 before a woman, Brenda Robertson, would win a provincial seat. (Graduation photo, 1910, H.I.L.A.S.C.I C. C. F. Candidate C. C. F. NOMINATES WOMAN IN UUEENS Mrs. Gladys West Is First of Sex Named: Running Mate Is J. K. Chapman The press thought her the MRS GLADYS WEST of Chipman, who is one of the first, but Gladys West was the two C C F. candidates nomin- second woman to run forpro- atcd in Queens Gun*. She is e housewife md is bclicvcd to bc uincial office. She lost in her the first woman candidate ever bid in 1948. (Telegraph- nominated in New Brunswick Journal, 1948. Courtesy of md probably in the Maritime Clara West, Chipman) Provinces, for provincial election. The faculty of Moncton's Victoria School in 1890 - women are already well in the majority in the teaching profession. (M.M. photo) A laboratory lesson on apples in the Macdonald Consolidated School, Kingston, N.B. (P.A.N.B.photo) -54- The Moncton office of the N.B. Telephone Company, c. 1917. (M.M. photo) Women wrrr olren re..iponsible for thrgrain harwst, in the earls dayscuttingthucrop u'ith sickles lriotesickleinphoto/. Thegrain was then sent to a lical mill to beground into flourfor the family. The woman on the right is a "seruant". Women in need of child care or household help hired local girls for small wages, generat- ing a limited possibility for a young woman's employment & subsistence. In thephoto taken c. 1926in Bas-Caraquet are, left to right: Marianne Lanteigne, Marie Doiron Lanteigne, Lezia LeClair. (Photo:Eua Lanteigne-Drisdelle, Bas-Caraquet) The International Railway General Officesin Moncton in 1913. (M.M.photo) The class of1900-01 of the ProvincialNormal School. In unknown order, Patience Ballentyne, Stella Corruthers, Annie Valis,Pearl Currier, Lena Kearney, Florence Alexander and Lottie Gregg. (P.A.N.B.photo) -56- Staff of Peter McSweeney's store, Moncton's first department store, 1910. Note formal dress and the number of female employees. (C.E.A.photo) Kate Thomah (nee Francis), a Maliseet, pictured in the 1940's selling baskets. (N.M.C.photo through Andrea Bear Nicholas.) Workers in a lobster canningplant on the Miramichi, 1920. (E.M. Finn, photographer, P.A.C.) A 1959 secretarial class at the Caraquet convent. Note the uniforms and the motto on the wall "Travailler, c'est prier" (Work is prayer). (Photo from Luce Chinard, Caraquet) Women and Family Life Anis and Noel Sacoby in their wedding outfits, early 1900's. Until recently, the law placed many limitations upon the married womanand until 1985, an Indian woman faced severe economic and social conse- quences if she married a non- Indian or someone from another band. (N.M.C. photo) Residents of the Home forAged Females (now Courtenay House), Broad Street, Saint John, around 1900-1920. The woman in the apron is Frances Gustavia Lister (nee Wetmore). (P.A.N.B. photo) -101- An Indian family, c. 1905, in New Brunswick. The older woman is Moli Elizabeth Francis; the woman carrying a child is her daughter, Mrs. John Alexander and the boy A family portrait identified only as "Frederick Gallant, his wife and his children", early 1900's. (C.E.A. Photo) Mysie, from the Stanley area, was a "noted eccentric" who had immigrated from North- ern Scotland, where her brothers were shepherds. She had been well-educated, had worked as a governess and spoke the 'purest Gaelic". According to The History of Stanley, she was handicapped Friends posing - Annie as the result of a severe Moreau (LeBeli and Flora illness, but she was one "from Allard (Goguenl in a photo whom many might learn a taken in St-Leonard in 1910. lesson of independence, integ- (Photo from the Musde rity and self-dependence': acadien, Caraquet) (P.A.N.B. photo) An 1895 ballteam from Bocabec, Charlotte County with its coach. (Eugene Campbell Collection, P.A.N.B.photo) The women's 50-yard race at the Second Annual Picnic of the BathurstLumber Company in August 1919. Note the high-heeled shoes. (P.A.N.B.photo) -104- Automobiles played a significant role in women's increasing freedom and independence. Here, three women are shown in an early 1900 car crossing a Miramichi bridge. (P.A.N.B.photo) A sing-along among friends - women at a camp close to Frederic. ton in the early 1900's. (Madge Smith, photographer, P.A.N.B.) -105-