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Internationalisation in Swedish Undergraduate Nursing Education: Its Interpretation and Implementation in the Context of Nursing with Tender Loving Care

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Internationalisation in Swedish Undergraduate Nursing Education: Its Interpretation and Implementation in the Context of Nursing with Tender Loving Care DOCUMENT RESUME ED 421 631 CE 076 871 AUTHOR Adatia-Sandstrom, Shirin TITLE Internationalisation in Swedish Undergraduate Nursing Education: Its Interpretation and Implementation in the Context of Nursing with Tender Loving Care. Research Bulletin 96. INSTITUTION Helsinki Univ. (Finland). Dept. of Education. ISBN ISBN-951-45-8119-9 ISSN ISSN-0359-5749 PUB DATE 1998-00-00 NOTE 222p. AVAILABLE FROM Department of Education, P.O. Box 39, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland. PUB TYPE Reports Research (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Action Research; Check Lists; *Curriculum Development; Education Work Relationship; Educational Practices; *Educational Strategies; Foreign Countries; Global Approach; Higher Education; *Intercultural Communication; *Multicultural Education; *Nursing; *Nursing Education; Outcomes of Education; Qualitative Research; Teaching Methods; Undergraduate Study IDENTIFIERS Internationalism; *Sweden ABSTRACT Six qualitative studies were conducted to gain support and guidance in incorporating internationalization into the curriculum for Swedish undergraduate nursing education in accordance with official guidelines. In studies 1 and 2, practitioners and experts were interviewed, and in studies 3 and 4, nursing education programs were observed from the participant and student perspectives. A didactic strategy for internationalizing the undergraduate nursing education curriculum was developed after an analysis of the findings of the four studies. In the action research constituting study 5, the didactic strategy's applicability within the existing framework for Swedish undergraduate nursing education was assessed. Study 6 was a complementary study to confirm the results of the first five studies. The combined analysis of the six studies established that interpreting and implementing internationalizattion for undergraduate nursing education is a complex process entailing intercultural communication and making student nurses aware of their private and professional roles in resolving health-related global issues. (Appended are letters pertaining to studies 1 and 2 and the following items pertaining to study 5: World Health Organization definition of health underpinning the action research; checklist to measure student attitudes; and notes regarding planning and organizing various action research activities. The bibliography contains 563 references.) (MN) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** O A 144.16.1011111--- I I B I e M MI. A U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ice of Educational Research and Improvement PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND E CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL S CENTER (ERIC) SEEN GRANTED BY This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it O Minor changes have been made to . ------- improve reproduction quality _ ,afzer)-ki TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC official OERI position or policy 1 El A I I.. a B I la A a A I m I I A 2 RESEARCH BULLETIN 96 Shirin Adatia-Sandström INTERNATIONALISATION IN SWEDISH UNDERGRADUATE NURSING EDUCATION: IT'S INTERPRETATION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN THE CONTEXT OF NURSING WITH TENDER LOVING CARE Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Education at the University of Helsinki in the Festivity Hall at the Department of Education, on May 28 at 12 o'clock Helsinki 1998 Department of Education P.O. Box 39 (Bulevardi 18) 00014 UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, FINLAND ISBN 951-45-8119-9 ISSN 0359-5749 Hakapaino Oy Helsinki 1998 4 ABSTRACT Internationalisation in Swedish undergraduate nursing education: It's interpretation and implementation in the context of nursing with tender loving care. This research was conducted to gain support and guidance in incorporating internationalisation into the curriculum for Swedish undergraduate nursing education in accordance with official guidelines. The difficulties concern its interpretationand implementationinthesyllabus. The fundamental questions which arise in such an endeavour are why, what, when, where, and how. Using a multi-method research approach, data was collected and analysed by a combination of techniques borrowed from a range of qualitative methods in six different studies which illuminate the complexity of boththeresearchsubject(internationalisation),andtheobject (undergraduatenursingeducation).Studyone:interviewswiththe practitioners;Study two:interviews with theexperts;Studythree: participantobservationsasapractitioner;Studyfour:participant observations as a student; Study five: action research; Study six: a survey amongst students and teachers through a questionnaire. The combined analysis of the results of the total data revealed that the interpretation and the implementation of internationalisationfor undergraduate nursing education is complex. First, it also includes intercultural communication. Second, it means making the student nurses aware of their role in private and professional life for active participation to bring about changes in society - locally, nationally and internationally - to resolve health related global issues through joint efforts for co-operation and collaboration across cultural and national boundaries. This is essential to promote peace and harmony, to prevent wars and conflicts, and ultimately to ensure the survival of the human raceandtheplanetEarth which,istheaim of internationalisation. Third, it involves teaching about culture in the context of holistic and humanistic nursing with tender loving care (TLC) in a caring curriculum for the promotion of high self-esteem (UNIL) in each student. Eventually from the combined analysis a specific "8-I" didactic strategy emerged. It has the potential to provide support and guidance for a syllabus, which incorporates internationalisation into the curriculum. Key words: Higher education, nursing education,didacticstrategy, internationalisation, intercultural communication, caring curriculum, tender loving care, multi-method research, culture, Sweden. To my beloved parents Late Alijah & Mrs. Kasam Haji Noormohamed Adatia And my parents in law Late Mr.Ture Bernhard and Mrs. Karin Sandström, My brothers and sisters, My husband Thor, and his son Torbjörn Our daughter Karin Rehmat Thorsdotter My god children Peter and Jane And to all the nursing students in the whole world who embark upon this demanding, rewarding, and noble profession of nursing for the love of serving humanity, I humbly dedicate this dissertation. To be able to love all men requires: the subtlety of the very wise, the flexibility of the child, the sensitivity of the artist, the understanding of the philosopher, the acceptance of the saint, the tolerance of the dedicated, the knowledge of the scholar, and, the fortitude of the certain. All these qualities will grow in him who chooses love... (Buscagalia, 1985:198) You have not inherited the Earthfrom your parents but borrowed it from your children. (Kenyan proverb) Foreword The formation, the conduct and the final presentation of my dissertation is a concrete example of the visionary philosophy of internationalisation in education to encourage and enhance mobility for every individual in every society of the world under peaceful conditions; namely the freedom to choose one's home, to obtain education, to travel and to work without the restrictions of cultural or national boundaries. The individual then has an opportunity to meet different people, make contacts and establish trusting interpersonal relationships through intercultural communication for co-operation and collaboration transcending cultural and national boundaries. All this from personal choice and without coercion of any kind from anybody. I was born and brought up in Uganda, within an Ismaili-Indian culture. Never in my wildest dreams had I imagined that one day I would become a professional nurse, midwife, and a nurse educator; travel extensively; live and work in different countries; meet my husband in Austria; marry him, live, work and raise a family in Sweden; conduct doctoral research on nursing education in Sweden and eventually present the dissertation in Finland! My research has followed a long and winding path over a period of over ten years. To accomplish this task would have been impossible without the support, guidance, and encouragement of many individuals in different capacities. The completion of this dissertation is the result of joint efforts at many different levels. To each and every one of them I owe my warmest thanks. Above all I especially want to thank my supervisor, mentor, and a dear friend, Associate Professor Margareth Drakenberg, at the Department of Education of the University of Helsinki.Without her invaluable assistance in the difficult and arduous stages of the work, my dissertation would not have been completed so swiftly and smoothly as it was in the end. Thank you for caring, supportive, and constructive supervision imparted to me with compassion and commitment. Professor Anna Liisa Leino painstakingly read the manuscripts and gave invaluable support and encouragement by making it possible to present the dissertation at the Department of Education of the University of Helsinki. My deep felt thanks and appreciation
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