A History of Film

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Leggi e ascolta. A history of film Everyone loves going to the movies. But without the French brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière films, as we know them today, wouldn’t exist. The Lumière brothers made the first moving pictures in 1895 and started a film industry which American cinema now dominates. The silent era The world’s first cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1905. Two years later there were 4,000 cinemas across America. In 1914 Hollywood, in California, became the centre of the American film industry. However, at that time films were silent. There was no dialogue, the only sound came from a piano player, or even an orchestra, playing music in the cinema to accompany the film. The greatest movie of the silent era was The Birth of a Nation, in 1915. The Birth of a Nation High Five Level 3 . Culture C: The USA p. 194 © Oxford University Press PHOTOCOPIABLE The talkies In 1927 the ‘talkies’ arrived – movies with talking (and of course, music). More people started to go to the cinema and the studios became very rich. 1929 saw the first Oscars ceremony. The Oscars helped to advertise films across America. By 1930 there were five big film studios: MGM, Paramount, RKO, Warner Brothers, and 20th Century Fox. These studios made all the films. They also owned all the cinemas. Famous talkies include The Jazz Singer (Warner Brothers) and Citizen Kane (RKO). Blockbusters Today, there are many independent film studios but the big film studios still dominate. They now produce ‘blockbusters’. These are very expensive films to make, with famous actors in them and very good special effects. E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial and After Earth are examples of Hollywood blockbusters. High Five Level 3 . Culture C: The USA p. 194 © Oxford University Press PHOTOCOPIABLE.

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Development of the Global Film Industry The global film industry has witnessed significant transformations in the past few years. Regions outside the USA have begun to prosper while non-traditional produc- tion companies such as Netflix have assumed a larger market share and online movies adapted from literature have continued to gain in popularity. How have these trends shaped the global film industry? This book answers this question by analyzing an increasingly globalized business through a global lens. Development of the Global Film Industry examines the recent history and current state of the business in all parts of the world. While many existing studies focus on the internal workings of the industry, such as production, distribution and screening, this study takes a “big picture” view, encompassing the transnational integration of the cultural and entertainment industry as a whole, and pays more attention to the coordinated develop- ment of the film industry in the light of influence from literature, television, animation, games and other sectors. This volume is a critical reference for students, scholars and the public to help them understand the major trends facing the global film industry in today’s world. Qiao Li is Associate Professor at Taylor’s University, Selangor, Malaysia, and Visiting Professor at the Université Paris 1 Panthéon- Sorbonne. He has a PhD in Film Studies from the University of Gloucestershire, UK, with expertise in Chinese- language cinema. He is a PhD supervisor, a film festival jury member, and an enthusiast of digital filmmaking with award- winning short films. He is the editor ofMigration and Memory: Arts and Cinemas of the Chinese Diaspora (Maison des Sciences et de l’Homme du Pacifique, 2019).
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7 1Stephen A
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