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Annals Missouri Botanical Garden Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden PANAMA FAST VI Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden A journal containing scientific contributions from the Missouri Botanical Garden and the Department of Botany of Washington Uni- versity in affiliation with the Missouri Botanical Garden. Outside matic botany and allied fields will also be con- sidered. These papers are subject to a charge of $25 per printed page. EDITORIAL COMMITTEE DEREK BURCH, Missouri Botanical Garden & Washington University JOHN D. DWTER, Missouri Botanical Garden & St. Louis University ANDRE ROBTNS, Missouri Botanical Garden & Washington University GEORGE B. VAN SCHAAGK, Missouri Botanical Garden 7HB ANNALS OF irog with Volume 53, Subscription Price - Single Numbers •*Z the Stechert-Hafner Service Agency, Inc„ 31 East - •'• ' •••• •• '•••• • . ,.,.... .......... , :- . ••:.•,.•:.•:•• :'."• • ; -., • r , •• ;;- '^ •;. I. C-±.:ZJ 'v.^\ .ill requests for back issuer Out-of-print ••• • ••• • • • •-'. • '••-•:. „'• " / • .-•••;:.,.••• :. » Agency, the •••-::. •• . '•'• ••• '.-•'. ••..'• -..•.,••;• •' •". • • / ' " ' • ACIDOTON (EUPHORBIACEAE) IN CENTRAL AMERICA Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hcmsl.) Webster, comb, nov. Clcidion ? nicaraguense Gitara panamensis Croiz As treated in the last monographic revision by Pax & Hoffmann (Pflanzenr. IV, 147, IX (Heft 68): 24-26, 1919), Acidoton is a small West Indian genus of two species. A few years after that treatment, Pax & Hoffmann described a new genus Gitara (Pflanzenr. IV, 147, XVII (Heft 85): 187, 1924) on the basis of a Venezuelan plant, and noted that it was very close to Tragia, Finally, Croizat (Jour. Arnold Arb. 26: 192, 1945) described Gitara panamensis on the basis of a specimen from Panama (Darien, betw Pinogana & Yavisa, Pittier 6543; holotype A; isotype US). He was correct in seeing an affinity between the Panamanian plant and Gitara venezolana, but neither he nor Pax & Hoffmann seems to have noticed a possible resemblance with Acidoton. Recently, in attempting to fix the identity of Cleidion ? nicaraguense Hemsl., I found that the type specimen of Gitara panamensis Croizat agreed closely with Hemsley's description, as well as a specimen from Nicaragua (Engelsing s.n., NY). Although I have not been able to examine Hemsley's types (Nicaragua, Chontales, Tate 352. 455; presumably at K), there can be little doubt that we are dealing with a single species which ranges from Nicaragua to Panama. The Central American species of Acidoton resembles the West Indian ones in having a large number of stamens (24-35), axillary inflorescences, and stinging hairs present on various organs. The apical tuft of small stinging hairs on the anthers is very similar in all of the species, ;in<l Iurnishes a good diagnostic character to distinguish Acidoton from Tragia. There can be no doubt that Acidoton is very close to Tragia, as suggested by Pax & Hoffmann when they pro- posed Gitara. However, the apically tufted anthers and large number of stamens clearly set Acidoton apart from most species of Tragia. One Mexican species, T. bailloniana Muell. Arg., which was made the basis for the genus Zuckertia by Bail- Ion does agree with Acidoton in its large stamen number and apiculate anthers. For the present, it seems best to leave it in Tnr.'.ia because of its climbing habit, but its status may well be subject to reevaluation. The relationship between the Central American and Venezuelan taxa of Acidoton remains to be elu ' closely related, and might possibly prove to be races of a single wide-ranging species. However, the differences in leaf shape and venation pointed out by Croizat appear to be sufficient to justify maintaining (ad interim) the Venezuelan taxon as a direct species: Acidoton venezolamis (Pax & Hoffm.) Webster, comb. nov. Gitara venezolana Pax & Hoffm., Pflanzenr. IV, 147, XVII (Heft 85): 187, 1924. As thus construed, Acidoton is now a Carihi i mi six species: 3 in Hispaniola, 1 in Jamaica, 1 in Central America, and 1 in northern South America. —Grady Webster, University of California, Davis. 192 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN A NEW SPECIES OF CAPERONIA (EUPHORBIACEAE) FROM PANAMA' (ji.pcnmia neglecta Webster, sp. nov. (section Capcronin) Annua, monoica, ca 2-5 dm alta; caulis inermis, ramosus, petiolis et foliis atque setulis glanduligeris atque trichomatibus hispidulis vestitis. Folia petiolata petiolisque 1.5-5 mm longis; stipulae lanceolatae, ciliatae, ca 1.5-4.5 mm longae; lamina plerumque elliptica, acuta, membranacea, ca 3-7 cm longa, 1-3 cm lata, basi obtusa vel rotundata, nervis secundariis rectis, margine serrulate.. Racemi 1.5-3 cm longi, inferne 1-3 flores 9 gerentes, ceterum flores <$; bracteae hispidulo- ciliatae. Flos tf: laciniae calycis 5, inaequales, sparsim hispidulae; petala 5, manifeste inaequalia, longiora 3 ca 1.5-1.8 mm longa; stamina 10, biverticellata, antheris 0.3-0.4 mm longis; ovarii rudimentum rotundatum, ca 0.25-0.3 mm longum. Flos 9 : pedicellus hispidulus, 2.4-2.7 mm longus; laciniae calycis 5. subaequales, glanduligerai hispidulaeque, ca 1.5-2.2 mm longae; petala 5, sub- aequalia, exserta, anguste elliptica, 1.2-1.6 mm longa; ovarium hispidulum et glandulis fusiformibus vestitum; styli ca 1 mm longi, profunde 3-lobati. Capsulae 4.5-5.5 mm latae; semina fusca, 2.3-2.7 mm diam. This nondescript and apparently weedy species has remained undescribed for several years in the vain hope that a name could be found for it. The type col- lection was annotated by Kathe Hoffmann as Caperonia palustris (L.) St.-Hil; and indeed all of the specimens have been misdetermined as that species. The plant does have a considerable superficial resemblance to C. palustris, due to its copious glandular pubescence and many-toothed leaf blades. However, it is sharply distinguished from that species by its pedicellate ribbed pistillate calyx, unequal male petals, entire pistillode, and hispidulous ovary. In some respects such as the hispidulous ovary and short inflorescence it resembles C. paludosa Kl., but it differs in its elongated stipules, copious glandular pubescence, and pedicellate pistillate flower. In some u.ivs (,' nt'y.Uriu shows more resemblance to various African species such as C. hirtella Beille, but seems to differ from all of these in the combination of a pedicellate pistillate flower with 3-lobed styles and lanceolate stipules. The apparent restriction of C. neglecta to weedy habitats, i I Ith its sporadic occurrence, suggesl i I eing a compara- tively recent introduction; but if so, the original population in Africa appears not to have been detected thus far.—Grady Webster, University of California, Davis. TWO NEOTROPICAL TAXA OF DALECHAMPIA (EUPHORBIACEAE) 1. Dalechampia hutchinsoniana Webster, sp. nov. Frutex 1.5 m altus, rami's stramineis laevibus. Folia simplicia, glabrata, elhptica vel oblonga, argute serrulata, apiculata, ca 1.5-3 cm longa, 0.5-1 cm lata, ad basin quintuplinervia, petiolis 1-3 mm longis; stipulae lanceolatae, acuminatae, 2.5-6 mm longae, striato-costatae. Injlorescentiae solitariae, pseudo-axillares, pedunculis glabratis ca 3-6 cm longis; bratieac itnolucrales obovatae, atro- sanguineae, glabratae, quintuplinerviae, laccrato-dentatae, unguiculatae, ca 2-2.5 cm longae, 1 cm latae, stipellis lanceolatis 4-7 mm longis; bracteae cymae 9 scariosae, minute hispidulae, ca 2.5 mm longae; bracteae pleiochasii primariae 4, subrotundatae vcl oblongae, concavae, evidenter glabratae (minutissime hispidulae), mulunervosae, ca 3.5-4 mm longae, 3.5-6 mm latae, ± liberae; nectarium ca 5-6 mm latum, e bracteolis tenuibus fimbriatis pluribus compositum. Flores J1 ca 9 in quoque pleiochasio, pedicel lis ad 3 mm longis; laciniae calycis saepe 4, oblongo- lanceolatae, minute hispidulae, 2.5-3 mm longae; columna staminalis cylindrica, dense hispidula, 2-2.3 mm longa. antheris 24-28, ca 0.5-0.6 mm longis. Flores $ 3, pedicellis ca 1.5 mm longis; laciniae calycis 7-9, lineari-lanceolatae, ca 4-6 mm longae, pinnatifido-laciniatae, laciniis glandulosis, glandulis intersepalis paucis ca 0.2 mm longis; ovarium fere 1 mm longum, dense hispidulum; columna stylaris ca 3.5-4 mm longa, 0.5-0.6 mm lata, minute hispidula, stigmate dilatato-emarginato 1.2-1.3 mm diam. Capsulae ut semina ignotae. Balsas, 800 m, 30 May UC). This striking species, which appears to be endemic to a restricted region in northern Peru, is not closely related to any other. The shrubby stems, simple palmatinerved leaves, and pinnately lobed sepals suggest a relationship to sect. Humiles Pax & Hoffm. (Pflanzenr. IV, 147, XII: 53, 1919). However, the dark reddish unguiculate involucral bracts and larger stamen number immediately distinguish it from any species in that section. The bracts and androecium of D. liana to sum.- extern resemble those found in species ol sect. Dioscorn foliae Pax & Hoffm., but all of those plants are twining vines. Probably this Peruvian species will have to be placed in a new supraspecific taxon. 2. Dalechampia cissifolia Poepp. & Endl. subsp. panamensis (Pax & Hoffm.) Dalechampia panamensis Pax & Hoffm., Pflanzenr. IV, 147, XII (Heft 68): 19, 1919. The taxonomic identity of the only Panamanian Dalechampia with compound leaves has remained rather uncertain up to the present. Mueller (Prodr. 15(2): 1241, 1866) based his D. stenosepala on a Brazilian collection or Sello as well as one from Costa Rica (mistakenly ascribed to Panama by Mueller: 'inter Jose et [VOL. 54 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN hrsted; B, n.v.)- Pax & Hoffmann (loc. cit.) restricted the name D. stenosepala to the Brazilian plant and separated the Central American plant as In their treatment of the species in sect. Triphyllae, Pax & Hoffmann placed D. panamensis adjacent to D. cissifolia, with which it is indubitably closely related. The leaf characters given in their key are most unconvincing as the Panama plants often have distinctly dentate rather than 'subentire' leaflets. The only character- istics in which Peruvian specimens of D. cissifolia appear to differ significantly in- clude longer fruiting pedicels (up to 4 cm long) and calyx-lobes (up to 1.5 cm long as compared to 1 cm for Panamanian specimens). It seems most reasonable to treat the Central American representatives of this complex as a subspecies of D.
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