Fatehgarh Sahib District , Vol-No-5, Punjab
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CENSUS OF INDIA 1951 PEPSU District Census Hand-books Volume No.5 DISTR[Cr FATEHGARH SAHIB Compiled and Publishe VADER The authority of Pepsu Government. SIMLA rrinted at Himalia Press, Simla. Phone:. 3027 INDEX OF REFERENCE DISTRICT FATEHGARH SAHIB 8, No. Contents Pages No. 1. Preface 1-2 Introduction n.... Physical Aspects i Geology ii Climate ib Rainfall ib History ib Population ib Administration iii Medical and Public He: ib Education and Literac} ib Agriculture iv Co-operat ion ib Industries ib l.ocal Bodies and Pachayats ib Rehabilitation 01 Displaced Persons v Places of Interest ib Statem('nt Explaining the Tables A-I Area, Houses and Population 2 A-II Variation in Population during fifty years 3 A-III Towns and Villages classified by Population 4 A-IV Towns classified by Population with Variation Since 1901 1 A-V Town Arranged Territorially with Population of Livelihood Classes 9 B-I Livelihood Classes and Sub ·Classes (Total Population) 2 ,. Livelihood Classes and Sub"(lasses (Diiplaced Population) 6 ii S. No. Contents. Pages No. B-II Secondary meaos of Livelihood '(Total Population) 10 It Secondary means of Livelihood (Displaced Populatioa) , 28 B-III Employers, Employees and Independant Workers (Total Population) 46 " Employers, Employees and Independant workers (DisplaCled 69 , Population) C-II Livelihood Classes by Age Groups 2 C-III Age and Civil condition 14 Age and Civil condition (Displaced Population) 19 C-IV Age and Literacy (Sample) 26 C-IV Age and Literacy (Displaced Population) S3 C-V Single year Age returns (Sample) 46 D-n Religion 2 D-lll Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 3 D-tv Migrants 4 D-IV Subsidiary 5 D - V Displaced Persons by District of Origin and Date of Arrival in InUia 9 D-VII Livelihood Classes by Educational Standards 21 E- Summary Figures 2 District Index 2 Sorter's Ticket No.2 7 Primary Censu!) Abstracts 2 Small Scale Industries 1 PREFACE. The District Census Handbook is a collection of the following data :- 1. Introduction which deals with the following items :- (a) Physical Aspects. (b) Geology. (0) Archaeology. (d) Olimate. (e) Rain Fall. (f) History. (g) Population. (h) Administration. (i) Medical and Public Health. (1) Education and Literacy. (k) Agriculture and Co-operation. (I) Industies. (m) Local Bodies. (n) Rehabilitation of Displaced Persons. (o) Places of Interest. 2. District Census T&bles (furnishing district data with break up for Census Tracts. within the district). In eRse of Fateh Garh ~ahib District there are 3 Tahsil Rural Tracts Sirhind Payal and AmL)h Tahsils) and one District Faten Carh Sahib Non City Urban Tract. 'l:here are the following tables for the Fa teh Garh Sah b District :_ A-I Area, bOllses and population. A-II Variation in population during fifty years. A-III Towns and villages classified by population. A-IV Towns classified by popUlation with variation since 1901. A- V Towns arranged territQriaJly with population by livelihood classes. B-1 Livelihood classes .and sub-classes. B-II Secondary means of livelihood. B-III Employers. employees and Independent workers. C~II Li velihood Classes by age group. CLIfI) Age and Civil Qondition. e-IV Age and literacy. ;C-V Single year age return! D·II Religion. D!"III Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. D-IV Migrants and Subsidiary. D-V Displaced persons by district of' origin, and dati of arrival in India. D·VI Non-Indian Nationals. D-VII Livelihood classes by educational ~standards. E. Summary figures by districts. District Index. Sorter's Ticket 2 3. Census Abstracts :- (i) Primary Census Abstracts. (ii) Census Abstracts of Small Scale Industries, LAKSHMI CHANDRA VASRISHTA INTRODUCTION District Fatehgarh Sahib Physical Aspect. Name and derivation. The District takes its name after the Shrine of Fatehgarh Sahib anrl the Gllrdwara Fa tehgarh Sahib standing by it. These plnr.es are situated at a distance of two miles from the town of Sirhirld and are connected with it both by rail and road. The town of BRSi Pathanan or Arnar Garh, five miles to the North of "":irhind, and a railway station on the Sirhind-Nangal Dam Railway line, is actually the administrative head quarters of the District Fateh!!R:rh Sahib. The district was founded a.s a result of the constituting of the Patiala and East Punjab States Union in May 1948. Situat1'on. ,.. n· The district lies between 30° 23' 15" snd 30° 53' 25 North and 75° 55' 25° and 76° 88' 25" East. A.,ea. The area of the district, accordino to the figures supplied by the Survey of India Department, is 525'7 square miles. Boundaries. To its North lif' the Ambala and Ludhiann districbi. to the South Ambfl.la and Patiala oistri('ts. to the East Ambala and Patiala rlistriets and tl) the West Ludhiana district. It has a p<?('uliAf ~hape. In its North-East a part of its territory '\Vith Gharnwan as one of its notf'd villages, wedges into the Kharar Tehsil of the Ambala District. In its North-Western side, th~ Doraba territorv resemb1in~ a wedge. penetrates fa.r into the terri~ tory of LudhiR os district. The Q'reatest length of the district from East to West~ is 45 miles and the greatest width, from North to South, 30 miles. The distriC't falls within the Pepsu Plains Division of the Trans-Gangetic West Natural Sub·Rjaion of the Trans·Gangetic Plains Region. e Rivers and Streams. No river flows in the district. There are, however, two torrent" ('aHf'o thE' Sllnamwala Cho::!, and the Jhambowali Choi. ii , the former has its source near Rupar in the waters which get accumulated in the rainy sea"on, flows by Sir hind, Patiala and. Sunam, and gets lost in t.he sands of Hissar; the latter starts from near Chanarthal and joins Ghagar near Munak. The Sirhind canal enters the district near Doraha and after trav<ersing it Over a considerable length, is divided into different branch canals the Abohar, the Bhatinda, the Kotla, the Ghaggar Bnd the ChoR Branch Canals. There is also a seasonal canal called the Banur Canal. The main Hn.e of ~he l3~~ kr.a :canal will be pf\~Sihg through this di~trict a few nnles West of Sirhind. Geology. Toe entire district is an alluvial plain Rnd has pot milch importance geoiogically, Climate' l\nd' rain fall. There are extremes of seasons-the district is verv hot in Summer ~ng very cold. in winter, The rainfall d'ecrellses"from En.st to West. The average rainfaH'of the district is 27'21 inches. The tehsilwise annual rairifaI1 ·is as under :- Sirhlnd •...•• 28'58". Payal 26'62". Amloh ...... 26'43". The Lalru and Bantu areas get malarial 'during ,the rainy season- lIistory. Sirh\nd ia n place.of great historical importance. In 1704 it was the seat of the Governor of Sirhind, Bazid Khan" ",hen two young sons of Guru Gobind Singh lost their lives by beIng bricked alive in a waH. In 1762, the Sikhs established their sway over it ki11in~ the then Governor, Zain Khan at M,anhera, near Siibind. Subse q.uenti;y Sirhind and adjoining areas became part 'of earstwhile Pa.tiala State and it shared the fortunes of the Patiala Dynasty till may, 1948, when Patiala State alongwith other states, was in tegr,ated to form the PaHala and East Punjab States Union. Population. The district of Fatehgarh has a population of 2,37,397 accord ing to th~ Census of 1951 out of which 1,31,257 are males and 1,06,14;) females. The density of the district comes to 451 souls ii i per square mile·. The following statement give~ the classifies'· tiOll of the population according to livelihood pattern:- N arne of Class Population. I 83,004 Ii ,39,387 III i8,618 IV 8,881 V 2~4S5 VI 1'6,9Bl VII 18,584 VIII 24,422 2.87,897 --------- The tahsil wise density of the district is as beIow:- Sirhind 417'5 Atnloh 420'2 Paya] 561'7 .A dministration. The administration of the district is run by the Deputy Commissioner with hi~ head quartets at Basi. He is assisted by i the Superintendent.of Police; Assistant Commissioner, Magistrates Treasury Officer, Tahsildars and Naib Tahsildars both on the judiw cial and executive sides as well as keeping law and order. .Besides the ahovel the Civil Surueon, the District Inspecto'jo of Scho.oIsl t~e District Engineer. and the Civil Supplies OffiGer also ass~st . hIm. The District has been divided into the following tahsJIs And thanas for the effective control over the distrid:- 1 ahsil Thanas 1. Sirhind Sirhind, Basi and Mulepur. ~. Amloh Amloh and Gobi'ndpur. 8. Payal Payal and Duraha. Medical and public health. ~ There are 9 Civil Hospitals at Sirhind, Bassi, Chartha1 Kalan, Doraha, Pay-aI, Gobindgarh. A~foh, Ghtrrniii Kalan, and Fateh Garh Sahib. There is: no private dispensary in the district. Education arid literacy. ' Accorriing to the litera~y data prepared during the Census 1951, 81,4.34 persons ha.ve been found to be Jaterate out of a iv population of 237.397. out of whom 25,S07 are males and 5,627 are female~. 2,919 persons are middle passed, 1,766 including 63 femaJes are Matriculates, 180 including 14 females are intermedi· ates, 107 including 5 females are Graduates in Arts or Science and 7 males Post Graduates in Arts or Science. The percentage of litel'ates to the total population comes to 13'24. The High Schools are to be found at Bassi, A.mioh, PayaJ, Garag, Lasoi, Gobindgarh, Granga. Nandp'H' Keshow and two at Sirhind.