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7503184.Pdf (6.85 INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeab Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 RYAN, Steve Staszak, 1940- THE RECOGNITION OF FILM TECHNIQUES RELATED TO SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF FILM SOPHISTICATION: A PILOT STUDY. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1974 Mass Communications Xerox University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. THE RECOGNITION OP FILM TECHNIQUES RELATED TO SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OP FILM SOPHISTICATION: A PILOT STUDY DISSERTATION presented in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Pholosophy in the Graduate school of The Ohio State University By Steve staszak Ryan, B.A., M.P.A. * # # * * The Ohio state University 197U Reading Committee: Approved By Dr. Robert W* Wagner Dr. I. Keith Tyler Dr. Ali Elgabri A d v iser Department of Education ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Th® author is especially grateful to Ms. Carol Teague and the Data processing center of Eastern Kentucky Univer­ sity for help in preparing the statistics used in this dissertation, to the many students at The Ohio State Univ- sity who volunteered their time to take the dissertation test instrument, to the author's Ph.D. dissertation com­ m ittee oomposed of Drs. Robert W. Wagner, Ali Elgabri, and Keith Tyler for their counseling and approval of the dissertation, to Dr. Robert W. Wagner for his role of . major adviser and his help in correcting the style and presentation of the dissertation material, to Dr. Earl Moretz, former Dean of the Graduate School at Eastern Kentucky university, for his help in monitoring and approval of the statistical procedures used in this dissertation, to Anthony J. La Greca, Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Florida, to Patricia Ann James, the author's fiancee, to the many other colleagues, friends, and spiritual brothers and sisters of the author who provided the help needed to complete this dissertation, and most particularly to God's love which the author has felt ever more keenly in his life. i i VITA Dec. 28, 191+0... Born - Buffalo, New York 19c>9...••••••••• B.A. English, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York 1969-1971....... TV Engineer, Hollywood park, Inglewood, C a lifo r n ia 1 9 7 0 -1 9 7 1 ............. Teaching Assistant, University of California at Los Angeles, California 1 9 7 1 ............ M.F.A., Theatre Arts (Motion Pictures-TV), University of California at Los Angeles, C a lifo r n ia 1 9 7 1 -1 9 7 3 ................ production and Teaching Assistant, Dept. o f •photography and Cinema, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1 9 7 1 -1 9 7 2 ................ TV Producer, Commentator, and Host of program "Film Insight", Co-Axial Cable, Columbus, Ohio 1 9 7 2 -1 9 7 3 ............. Developer and Instructor of course in how to utilize film in the classroom, The Ohio state University and the Columbus Board of Education, Columbus, Ohio 1973-1971 + ................ Cinematographer-TV Director, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 1973-1971+. * • * • • * Instructor, Dept, of Communications, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 1 9 7 1 + .... .................. First Class Operator's License 1971+ ........................... Assistant professor, Oral Roberts University, Tulsa, Oklahoma i i i PUBLICATIONS Marlchal petain; Masters Motion Picture script, Univer- 1 sity"'of California at Los Angeles, California Ohio state university Basketball Highlights 1972-1973: ""Trim produced at The Ohio state Dept, of Photography and Cinema, Columbus, Ohio A View of Eastern: Film produced at Eastern Kentucky *“ university, Richmond, Kentucky FIELDS OF STUDY Major Fields: Motion pictures Educational communications T e le v is io n E n g lish Studies in photography. The Ohio State Dept, of photography and Cinema, Columbus, Ohio Studies in speech Communications The Ohio State Dept, of Speech Communications, Columbus, Ohio Studies in Electronics. Ervin Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio and Los Angeles Trade Technical College, Los Angeles, California S tu d ie s in the sociology of Mass Communications, The Ohio state Department of sociology, Columbus, Ohio i v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................ i i VITA.............................................................................................................. i i i LIST OP TABLES.................................................... v i i LIST OP FIGURES......................................• .............................................v i i i C hapter I . INTRODUCTION......................................................................... 1 Qur v i s u a l C u ltu r e ........................... 1 T&®' Need for visual A w areness,.,.. ................ 5 Statement of the problem. ....................... 13 Definition of Terns. ........................... 15 Statement of H yp oth eses.................. 15 purpose of the study ........................... 17 Need, for and significance of the study..• 20 I I . REVIEW OP THE RELATED LITERATURE...................... 28 Optical Effects ......................... 28 Camera Angle ..................... 30 F ilm Music.• 32 The subjective camera Angle ................. 3i+ Cutting Rate and Rate of Development 36 Summary ........................... 39 I I I . METHODS AND PROCEDURES........................................... \\2 Design of the Study ................................... lj.2 Film Excerpts used in the Test Instrument i;6 Questionaire used in the Test Instrument. 52 Selection and Description of the subjects 59 Administration of the Test Instrument.... 61 Scoring of the Test Instrument .......................... 62 IV . ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OP THE DATA............... 63 Raw score Analysis ................... • • • • • 63 R eliability ......................................................................... 68 Validity. •••• .............. 69 H igh and low scorers: Comparison of Means 70 Chi so.uare Analysis .............. 80 p a r t ia l correlation .• 83 C hapter XV. ANALYSIS. AND DISCUSSION OP THE DATA ( c o n t .) Page Multiple correlation and R egression........ 86 Factor Analysis. ...................................... 88 V. summary, conclusions, and Recommendations..• 93 Summary and R a tio n a le • • • • • • • • • • • • ....................... 93 Findings and C onclusions....... ..............• • • • • • 96 Reo ommendat i on s .............................................. 103 APPENDIX A. PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION AND TEXT OF FILM EXCERPTS............................................................... 107 B. CHI SQUARE TABLES................................................................... 151 C. ADDITIONAL PARTIAL CORRELATION TABLES.................. 165 D. ADDITIONAL COMPARISON OF MEANS TA3LES.................. lo 8 E. TEST INSTRUMENT QUESTION AIRE........................................ 170 BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................. 1 8 3 v i LIST OP TABLES T ab le ‘ 1 . THE MEAN, STANDARD DEVIATION, VARIANCE, MAXIMUM VALUE, MINIMUM VALUE, AND RANGE OP ONE HUNDRED SUBJECTS' SCORES ON THE DEPEN­ DENT VARIABLE - THE RECOGNITION AND RECALL OP SPECIFIC FILM TECHNIQUES...................................... 2 . THE TEN QUESTIONS ON THE RECOGNITION AND RECALL OP SPECIFIC FILM TECHNIQUES LISTED IN ORDER OF MOST DIFFICULT TO LEAST DIFFI­ CULT............................................................................................... 3 . THE PAIRS OF HIGH AND LOW SCORERS MATCHED WITH REGARDS TO SEX, YEAR IN COL­ LEGE, AGE, GRADE POINT AVERAGE, AND FAMILY INCOME................................................................
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