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Rippon Tor Report Rippon Tor Premier Archaeological Landscape, Dartmoor National Park, Devon A New Survey July 2015 Southwest Landscape Investigations Dr Phil Newman MIFA, FSA Rippon Tor Premier Archaeological Landscape, Dartmoor National Park, Devon A New Survey Dr Phil Newman MIFA, FSA Southwest Landscape Investigations www:philnew.co.uk © copyright P Newman and DNPA 2015 All rights reserved. July 2015 (minor revisions March 2016) ii CONTENTS Summary ................................................................................................................................1 1.0 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................2 2.0 DARTMOOR’S PREMIER ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES .....................3 2.1Other designations ......................................................................................................5 3.0 THE STUDY AREA ...................................................................................................................5 Blackslade Down and Hollow Tor .......................................................................................................5 Pudsham Down .......................................................................................................................................5 Buckland Common and Welstor Common .......................................................................................5 Halsanger Common N and S and Mountsland Common ......................................................6 Horridge Common and Rippon Tor ....................................................................................................6 Bagtor Down ............................................................................................................................................6 4.0 METHODOLOGY .....................................................................................................................7 5.0 PREVIOUS RESEARCH .........................................................................................................7 6.0 ARCHAEOLOGY BY PERIOD ........................................................................................ 11 6.1 Prehistoric ................................................................................................................... 11 6.1.1 Round cairns .................................................................................................11 6.1.2 Reaves, settlements and hut circles ..........................................................15 Blackslade Down and Hollow Tor ..................................................................... 17 Pudsham Down .................................................................................................. 19 Buckland Common and Welstor Common ...................................................... 22 Bagtor Down .................................................................................................................22 Horridge Common and Rippon Tor .................................................................. 23 Halsanger Common .......................................................................................... 23 6.1.3 Large scale surveys ......................................................................................27 Foale’s Arrishes ................................................................................................... 27 Buckland Common Settlement ......................................................................... 29 Halsanger enclosure .......................................................................................... 32 6.2 Medieval and later .................................................................................................... 32 6.2.1 Fields, cultivation, trackways and settlements ........................................32 Blackslade Down and Hollow Tor ..................................................................... 34 Pudsham Down ................................................................................................. 35 Buckland Common ............................................................................................ 35 Halsanger Common and Mountsland Common ............................................ 35 Horridge Common and Rippon Tor .................................................................. 36 Bagtor Down ...................................................................................................... 36 6.3 Medieval and Post-Medieval Tinworking ....................................................... 36 Buckland Common and Welstor Common ...................................................... 37 Halsanger Common N and S and Mountsland Common ............................. 37 Bagtor Down ...................................................................................................... 38 6.4 Nineteenth century Bagtor Mine ..................................................................... 38 6.5 Moorstone and quarries ........................................................................................ 39 6.6 Military archaeology ............................................................................................... 40 6.6.1 Rifl e ranges ....................................................................................................41 Welstor Rifl e Range ........................................................................................... 41 The Rippon Tor Rifl e Range ............................................................................. 42 6.6.2 Mortar positions ..........................................................................................42 6.6.3 Anti glider poles ............................................................................................ 42 7.0 STATEMENT of SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................................... 43 8.0 FUTURE RESEARCH and SURVEY PRIORITIES .................................................. 45 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. 47 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................. 47 APPENDIX 1 – Gazetteer of recorded sites by HER no. ........................................... 48 iii LIST of ILLUSTRATIONS Fig 1 Location of the Rippon Tor PAL Fig 2 Swaling on Halsanger Common in 2012 Fig 3 Foale’s Arrishes looking NW from Rippon Tor Fig 4 Foale’s Arrishes Hut 1 during excavation in 1896 Fig 5 Foale’s Arrishes as surveyed by E C Curwen 1927 Fig 6 Part of the Rippon Tor parallel reave system and settlements as recorded by Gawne and Somers Cocks (1968) Fig 7 The disturbed cairn on Wittaburrow Fig 8 Round cairns: 1:200-scale earthwork surveys Fig 9 A much disturbed round cairn, south of the summit on Rippon Tor Fig 10 The excavated cist at the centre of a ruined cairn on Blackslade Down Fig 11 1:2500-scale survey of Blackslade Down Fig 12 An upstanding stony reave runs up the slope from Foale’s Arrishes towards the summit of Tor Hill Fig 13 A low turf-covered reave running across Rippon Tor Fig 14 Enclosure and hut circle at Tunhill Rocks. 1:500-scale earthwork survey Fig 15 View of the enclosure on Tunhill Rocks looking towards Pil Tor Fig 16 The hut circle at Tunhill Rocks looking west Fig 17 1:2500-scale survey of Pudsham Down Fig 18 1:2500-scale survey of Buckland Common and Welstor Common Fig 19 1:2500-scale survey of Bagtor Down Fig 20 Hut circle (62318) on Halsanger Common. One of the largest hut circles in the PAL Fig 21 1:2500-scale survey of Horridge Common and Rippon Tor Fig 22 1:2500-scale survey of Halsanger Common and Mountsland Common Fig 23 Hut circle (62311) on Halsanger Common Fig 24 1:200-scale survey of a hut circle (62311) on Halsanger Common Fig 25 1:1000-scale plan of Foale’s Arrishes settlement Fig 26 A section of the rebuilt enclosure wall at Foale’s Arrishes Fig 27 Hut circles (7416) and (21490) at Foale’s Arrishes Fig 28 1:1000-scale survey of the enclosure and hut circles on Buckland Common Fig 29 1:200-scale survey of hut circles and enclosure on Halsanger Common Fig 30 Earthwork remains of a longhouse near Blackslade Ford (7468) Fig 31 A deserted medieval settlement near Water Rushes Fig 32 Earthwork remains of the Bagtor Mine tramway Fig 33 An abandoned millstone on Rippon Tor Fig 34 An abandoned moorstone trough on Tunhill Rocks Fig 35 1:1000-scale plan of Rippon Tor rifl e range Fig 36 Rippon Tor rifl e range stop butts Fig 37 Rippon Tor rifl e range looking SE towards the fi ring positions Fig 38 Rippon Tor rifl e range target butts with remains of targetry mechanisms still in situ Fig 39 Rippon Tor rifl e range troop shelter towards the southern section of the site Fig 40 1:2500-scale plan of Rippon Tor PAL showing archaeology and aspects of the environs Fig 41 Blackslade Down showing HER reference numbers Fig 42 Pudsham Down showing HER reference numbers Fig 43 Buckland Common showing HER reference numbers Fig 44 Halsanger Common showing HER reference numbers Fig 45 Horridge Common and Rippon Tor showing HER reference numbers Fig 46 Bagtor Down showing HER reference numbers Fronticepiece: The large cairn on Rippon Tor. iv Summary An archaeological survey of the Rippon Tor PAL was requested by the Historic Environment Team at Dartmoor National Park Authority in early 2015. The work was commissioned as part of the Moor than Meets the
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