These Works Reflect on the Stock Photography Company Getty's Dominance in the Market, Capitalization, and Control of Images On

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

These Works Reflect on the Stock Photography Company Getty's Dominance in the Market, Capitalization, and Control of Images On PRESS RELEASE Berlin, September 10, 2019. Property Artwork by Paolo Cirio. These works reflect on the stock photography company Getty’s dominance in the market, capitalization, and control of images on the Internet. The series adopts the semantics of appropriation art through transforming images into compositions of colored shapes and texts, which overlay with the prints of the original photos appropriated from Getty’s websites. Property examines images as a form of capital accumulation, bound by intellectual property laws, trade agreements, legal contracts, and litigations. Getty aggregates images from public archives, agencies, and photographers; then it repackages them with legal terms to exclusively license and sell millions of photos. Images become an asset and a revenue stream, with Getty Inc becoming a monopoly and a gatekeeper of photos (see gettyimages.com, photos.com, images.com, etc). To dominate the economy of images at a time in which the Internet allows easy reproduction and sharing, Getty Images Inc aggressively controls and polices the use of photos through extensive legal threats and litigations. While limiting access, Getty Images Inc, acquires archives and collections by any means and strikes agreements with search engines and publishers to lure viewers to their sites. These often deceptive and aggressive business practices are necessary for Getty to gain control over the market of photos. With the series Property, White House, Cirio found historical photographs of U.S. presidents in the public domain that Getty Images Inc. licenses and sells on their platform. This series questions the use, trading, and ownership of photo archives through utilizing direct evidence of Getty’s deceptive marketing of public domain images. Cirio appropriated photographs of nine U.S. presidents from the White House Archive, the Library of Congress, and the National U.S. Archives, and then compared them with the identical photos marketed by Getty. The final presentation of physical photographic replicas are illustrated with the original captions, indication of the source, and conceptual reframing. With the series Property, J. Paul Getty, Cirio collected photos of the founder of Getty and overlays them with legal clauses from the contract license agreements of photos sold by Getty Images Inc. By appropriating photos of the art collector himself, this work questions the role of patronage and the ownership of art. J. Paul Getty symbolically represents the accumulation and concentration of wealth in the form of the aggregation, marketing, and the sale of photos. Reminiscent of the extractive business of the oil magnate founder of the company, metaphorically, images are the new oil of the contemporary visual capital. The artworks overlay text from legal clauses pertaining to the licensing agreement on portraits of J. Paul Getty, bringing the images’ legal and economic value into dialogue with its visual qualities. .
Recommended publications
  • Film Camera That Is Recommended by Photographers
    Film Camera That Is Recommended By Photographers Filibusterous and natural-born Ollie fences while sputtering Mic homes her inspirers deformedly and flume anteriorly. Unexpurgated and untilled Ulysses rejigs his cannonball shaming whittles evenings. Karel lords self-confidently. Gear for you need repairing and that film camera is photographers use our links or a quest for themselves in even with Film still recommend anker as selections and by almost immediately if you. Want to simulate sunrise or sponsored content like walking into a punch in active facebook through any idea to that camera directly to use film? This error could family be caused by uploads being disabled within your php. If your phone cameras take away in film photographers. Informational statements regarding terms of film camera that is recommended by photographers? These things from the cost of equipment, recommend anker as true software gizmos are. For the size of film for street photography life is a mobile photography again later models are the film camera that is photographers stick to. Bag check fees can add staff quickly through long international flights, and the trek on entire body from carrying around heavy gear could make some break down trip. Depending on your goals, this concern make digitizing your analog shots and submitting them my stock photography worthwhile. If array passed by making instant film? Squashing ever more pixels on end a sensor makes for technical problems and, in come case, it may not finally the point. This sounds of the rolls royce of london in a film camera that is by a wide range not make photographs around food, you agree to.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stock Photography As a Part of Cultural and Creative Industries of the Digital Age
    THE STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY AS A PART OF CULTURAL AND CREATIVE INDUSTRIES OF THE DIGITAL AGE Zorislav KALAZIĆ , M.Sc. Ph.D.Student, Faculty of Economics in Osijek, Croatia [email protected] Jasna HORVAT , Ph.D. Faculty of Economics in Osijek, Croatia [email protected] Josipa MIJOČ , Ph.D. Faculty of Economics in Osijek, Croatia [email protected] Abstract Photography of the digital age has lost the properties of a physically tangible product and has become intellectual property. Simultaneously with this process, the process of transition of photography into a mass-produced good has taken place. Market demands towards photography as a product of mass consumption often reduce the aesthetic and artistic standards that have been set by its develop- ment period in the process of photography coming to life as a medium. Despite the negative eff ects that accompany the transition of photography in its process of transformation into a mass-produced good, even such photographic “products” are able to encourage to a particular activity and ultimately generate revenue for numerous industries standing in the background of the “photography-product”. Production and distribution of stock photographs 1 is one of the derivates of the 1 Stock photography derives from the word „stock“ and implies the sale/rent of an already existing pho- tograph, which was not taken according to the customer’s order. On the other hand, the use of stock INTERDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH XI 189 digital age in which business in the domain of production of photographs is ex- panded to their distribution to users of websites and/or digital communication channels.
    [Show full text]
  • Getting Started in Stock Photography
    A Quick Guide To Getting Started In Stock Photography A Special Report By From Matt Brading CEO/Founder OzImages International Pty Ltd Stock Library & Freelance Photographer Search This is a free ebook! You are encouraged to give it away or sell it in any way you see fit but you may not change any of the contents in any way. This ebook is copyright protected. The ebook is Copyright © Matt Brading. This ebook is supplied for information purposes only and the material herein does not constitute professional advice. This ebook is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered. It is distributed with the understanding that the publisher and the contributors are not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional advice. If legal advice or other professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. The reader is advised to consult with an appropriately qualified professional before making any business decision. Matt Brading and any additional contributors do not accept any responsibility for any liabilities resulting from the business decisions made by purchasers of this book. *EARNINGS DISCLAIMER: Results are not typical. Your results may vary. We make no claim whatsoever that you will earn any income using this ebook or any strategies or techniques outlined within. Where specific figures are quoted from individuals, they are simply examples of what is possible and there is no assurance you will do as well. Introduction: Thanks for downloading this report. I'll keep it short-and-sweet because all the best photographers I've encountered over the years are always extremely busy and they just aren't interested in 'fluff' .
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Photography II (Elective)
    Course Scope & Sequence TCH032: Digital Photography II (Elective) Course Overview | Course Length | Materials | Prerequisites | Course Outline COURSE OVERVIEW In today’s world, photographs are all around us, including in advertisements, on websites, and on the wall as art. Many of the images have been created by professional photographers. In this course, students learn about various aspects of professional photography, including the ethics of the profession, and examine some of the areas that professional photographers may choose to specialize in, such as wedding photography and product photography. Students also learn about some of the most respected professional photographers in history and how to critique photographs to better understand what creates an eye-catching photograph. COURSE LENGTH One semester MATERIALS Digital camera (not supplied) A cell phone camera will not fulfill the requirement for this course. NOTE: List subject to change PREREQUISITES None COURSE OUTLINE Unit 1: Photography as a Career Unit 2: Legal and Ethical Concerns Unit 3: Photographers and Critiques Unit 4: Photography Software Digital Photography II Midterm Exam Unit 5: The Darkroom Unit 6: Art, Product, and Stock Photography Unit 7: Photojournalism Unit 8: Wedding Photography Page 1 of 2 © 2014 K12 Inc. All rights reserved. K¹² is a registered trademark of K12 Inc. The K¹² logo and other marks referenced herein are trademarks of K12 Inc. and its subsidiaries, and other marks are owned by third parties. Course Scope & Sequence Digital Photography II Final Exam COURSE OBJECTIVES Discuss professional photography and what this career is like. Discuss the different types of professional photography. Examine some of the steps to becoming a professional photographer.
    [Show full text]
  • Creative Commons and Stock Photography
    Finding Quality, Free Imagery Online Creative Commons and Public Domain* Flickr Wikimedia Museums High-quality images. Use Commons Public Domain Creative Commons images and The Commons images for Images, video, audio of Use of collection images Public Domain content from varying quality. Easy from The Met, New York museums and libraries attribution generator Public Library, Rijksmuseum around the world. *To filter for Creative Commons content on Google: Enter Google search term >Click Images >Click Tools >Click on Usage Rights Free Stock Photography *Pexels Pixabay Kaboompics Creative Commons Zero Free but with some Photos, vector graphics, (CC0) license. This means stipulations: "Please do not and art illustrations the pictures are completely publish any photos from free to be used for any Kaboompics on your own website with free images legal purpose. without my permission." * Top Pick *Negative Publicdomain Max pictures.net Space Free but with added stipulations: Pixel "Pictures featuring products should Advanced filters allow you to CC0 license. Also includes be used with care . Be aware search by color, size, easy search and that some photos do require a category. Link referral required navigation. model or property release" on some pictures. "All works published in the United States before 1923 are in the public domain. Works published after 1922, but before 1978 are protected for 95 years from the date of publication. If the work was created, but not published, before 1978, the copyright lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years." --Source: fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/faqs/copyright-basics/ MuseWeb Foundation | museweb.us | #bHereMainSt.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Photography II: Discovering Your Creative Potential
    Course Syllabus Digital Photography II: Discovering Your Creative Potential Course Description In today’s world, photographs are all around us, including in advertisements, on websites, and hung on our walls as art. Many of the images that we see have been created by professional photographers. In this course, we will examine various aspects of professional photography, including the ethics of the profession, and examine some of the areas that professional photographers may choose to specialize in, such as wedding photography and product photography. We will also learn more about some of the most respected professional photographers in history and we will learn how to critique photographs in order to better understand what creates an eye catching photograph. Required Materials • A digital camera or camera phone Table of Contents Unit 1: Photography as a Career . 3 Unit 2: Legal and Ethical Concerns . 4 . Unit 3: Photographers and Critiques . 5 Unit 4: Photography Software . .6 . Midterm Exam . 7 Unit 5: The Darkroom . .8 . Unit 6: Art, Product and Stock Photography . 9 Unit 7: Photojournalism . .10 . Unit 8: Wedding Photography . 11. Final Exam . .12 © eDynamic Learning | All Rights Reserved 2 Unit 1: Photography as a Career Unit Summary In this unit, we will examine photography as a career. Taking photographs is a favorite hobby for many people, but some individuals choose to make a career out of taking photographs of people, places, and objects. Individuals who are thinking about a career as a professional photographer should keep in mind that the field offers both benefits and challenges. We will discuss what professional photographers do, the types of professional photographers, and the steps that many professional photographers take in reaching their goal of a career in photography.
    [Show full text]
  • Instructional Program Review Spring 2014
    Laney College Photography Department Instructional Program Review Spring 2014 Peralta Community College District Core Data Elements See Attachment A The Instructional (Academic Affairs) Program Review Narrative Report 1. College: Laney College Discipline, Department or Program: Photography Date: March, 2014 Members of the Instructional Program Review Team: Steve Lomba and Diane Rosenblum, with assistance from Franklin Avery, Black Moon, Joan Bobkoff, Dean Freeman, Mike Mejia and Mike Moya, under the direction of Matthews Jackson and Felix Robles. 2. Narrative Description of the Discipline, Department or Program: I. Industry overview: Photography is a nineteenth century medium playing an increasingly central role in twenty first century culture. What was a slow, intensely technical and laborious process a century ago is now readily available in a smart phone. According to businessinsider.com, Facebook users are uploading 350 million photographs a day. The photographic image is overtaking the written word as the medium through which we comprehend the world. To understand the aesthetics of photography is to understand how meaning is communicated in our society. For the professional commercial photographer or artist, a deep grounding in the history, theory and techniques of photography are essential as well for a viable career. The photographic industry has undergone great change since the Laney photography department was founded just after World War Two, and especially since the current facility was constructed in 1968. In addition to the explosion of general interest in photography, the move to digital technologies has changed how photographs are taken, processed and presented. The field of fine art photography has grown from a few specialized galleries and museum collections in the 1970s into a large, vibrant market with many galleries, collectors, fairs, and lively museum programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Great MUG Graphics
    Great MUG Graphics by Lesa Snider Cowtown MUG Ft. Worth, TX What is a pixel? • The smallest element of a digital image. What is resolution? • The sheer volume of information contained in your image. • The higher the number, the more information, the better it will print. What’s the purpose? • Are you EVER going to print it? • If so, on what device? • At what size? • Will it only be used on the web or on a CD? If so, you’re okay with 72 dpi Screen only • Pay attention to the pixels, not resolution. • Get the right amount of pixels in both height and width to produce the desired physical dimensions. Print resolution 180-225 dpi* 300 dpi* Medium quality High quality Output at home on Output by service bureau inkjet printer or professional printer * approx. Print resolution output Image = device resolution resolution Shooting digitally • Make sure to use the right image quality setting BEFORE you shoot • Ask yourself what the image will be used for? Shooting digitally Basic Fine RAW Onscreen, Web, & CD Print Pro level prints More images Fewer images Honkin’ big, fit on media fit on media super-high card card quality files Scanning tips • If you need to enlarge an image, do it through the scanning software if possible. • When scanning images from magazines, look for an option called Descreen. Scanning tips Onscreen Scan at 85 dpi Magazine Scan at 225-300 dpi Newspaper Scan at 150-200 dpi B/W Laser Scan at 150 dpi Color Inkjet Scan at 225-300 dpi Printing web images • Before printing images snatched from the web, you must increase their quality
    [Show full text]
  • The Image of Romance: Stock Images As Cultural Performances 117
    The Image Factory New Technologies/New Cultures Series General Editor: Don Slater, London School of Economics New Technologies/New Cultures will draw together the best scholarship, across the social science disciplines, that addresses emergent technologies in relation to cultural transformation. While much contemporary literature is caught up in wild utopian or dystopian pronouncements about the scale and implications of change, this series invites more grounded and modulated work with a clear conceptual and empirical focus. The series draws on a wealth of dynamic research agendas, from Internet and new media scholarship to research into bio-sciences, environmentalism and the sociology of consumption. Series ISSN: 1472–2895 Previous titles published in this series: Brenda Danet, Cyberpl@y: Communicating Online Elizabeth Shove, Comfort, Cleanliness and Convenience: The Social Organization of Normality The Image Factory Consumer Culture, Photography and the Visual Content Industry Paul Frosh Oxford • New York First published in 2003 by Berg Editorial offices: 1st Floor, Angel Court, 81 St Clements Street, Oxford, OX4 1AW, UK 838 Broadway, Third Floor, New York, NY 10003-4812, USA © Paul Frosh 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of Berg. Berg is an imprint of Oxford International Publishers Ltd. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 1 85973 637 8 (Cloth) 1 85973 642 4 (Paper) Typeset by JS Typesetting Ltd, Wellingborough, Northants.
    [Show full text]
  • A Beginner's Guide to Stock Photography
    SEQUOIA CLUB A Beginner’s Guide to Stock Photography By Professional Photographer Sarah Ehlen Processing What Buyers Model Your Photos Look For Releases 101 SE 6th Avenue, Suite A Delray Beach, FL 33483 Phone: 561-860-8266 U.S. Toll-Free: 866-415-1425 www.greatescapepublishing.com ©2018 Great Escape Publishing. All Rights Reserved. Protected by copyright laws of the United States and international treaties. This content may only be used pursuant to the subscription agreement and any reproduction, copying, or redistribution (electronic or otherwise including on the world wide web), in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited without the express written permission of Great Escape Publishing, 245 NE 4th Ave., Suite 102, Delray Beach, FL 33483. 2 A Beginner’s Guide to Stock Photography What is Stock Photography? Imagine being able to take photographs of anything you want and then turn around and make money from those photos indefinitely! I’m talking photos from your family vacation, shots you snapped right before digging into a delicious plate of food, or pictures of your dog on a daily walk. This is what stock photography is – a simple way to sell photos from your everyday life. You take pictures of whatever you want and submit them to a stock photo website. From there, photo buyers can purchase the use of your image, and you get a royalty from each sale. The same photo can sell over and over, so sales can really add up over time. The best part is, once your photo is up on a stock site, you literally don’t need to do anything else except watch the royalties roll in! It’s the beauty of passive income – all the work is done on the front end of the process, and then you can sit back and relax.
    [Show full text]
  • Software Filters, Porn, Pics, and the Internet Content Conundrum
    FILTERING THE FUTURE? : SOFTWARE FILTERS, PORN, PICS, AND THE INTERNET CONTENT CONUNDRUM BY Christopher D. Hunter A THESIS IN COMMUNICATION Presented to the Faculty of The Annenberg School for Communication in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts 1999 On behalf of the Faculty of the Annenberg School for Communication and the University of Pennsylvania, we hereby accept this thesis: ______________________________________________________ W. Russell Neuman, Ph.D. Thesis Supervisor ______________________________________________________ Joseph Turow, Ph.D. Member of Thesis Committee THE ANNENBERG SCHOOL FOR COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help of a great many people. First and foremost I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. W. Russell Neuman, for guiding me into the area of public policy and political economy. More than a professor, Dr. Neuman is friend and mentor who has taught me that diplomacy matters as much passion. Dr. Joseph Turow graciously accepted to be my second reader, and provided me with wonderful access to his research on families and the Internet. Dr. Hugh Donahue provided great moral support and help rating web sites. I would also like to thank Dr. Carolyn Marvin for helping to shape my thinking about the history of pornography and free speech. Several Annenberg students were also very helpful, particularly in testing web sites and helping with data analysis. Jennifer Stromer-Galley and John Bracken were real troopers in agreeing to content analyze 20 or so web pages, many with rather controversial content. Kirkland Ahern's statistical prowess was absolutely essential in analyzing my content analysis data.
    [Show full text]
  • Stock Photo Resource Book| 2
    2020 STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY RESOURCE BOOK © 2020 Budgetstockphoto.com BudgetStockPhoto.com 2020 Stock Photo Resource Book| 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...............................................4 CREATIVE COMMONS ................................ 13 A godsend for those looking for free photos 13 Sources of Creative Commons Images 14 Creative Commons Samples 15 LICENCE TYPES .............................................. 5 Royalty Free License (RF) 5 Creative Commons License 5 FREE PHOTO SITES ......................................19 Rights Managed (RM) License 6 Disadvantages of Free Sites 25 Editorial Use License 6 Disadvantages of using PD Images 29 Royalty Free Extended License 7 Free Images Have Hidden Costs 9 CC ZERO ......................................................... 30 CC0 Stock Image Site Directory 30 STOCK PHOTO INDUSTRY IN 2020....... 10 CC0 Tumblr Site Tips: 32 More Creative Images - Everywhere! 10 “Authentic” Mainstream 10 Covid Effects 10 BUYERS MARKET VS FREE PHOTOS ......33 “It’s never been better for image buyers” 33 Confirmed: Mobile Stock Went Nowhere 11 Trends in Words: 11 The Still Slow Growth of CC0 12 © 2020 Budgetstockphoto.com BudgetStockPhoto.com 2020 Stock Photo Resource Book| 3 MICROSTOCK AGENCIES .........................34 Microstock Marketplace 35 How to Choose a Microstock Agency 36 Microstock Directory 37 Subscription Microstock 38 Useful Microstock Search Tools & Directories 40 MACROSTOCK / FULL PRICE ...................43 SPECIALITY STOCK IMAGES ...................45 Travel 45 Christmas and Festive 47 Halloween 48 Religion & Faith 49 GLOSSARY ..................................................... 50 STAY UP TO DATE .........................................53 Discount Coupons & News 53 Broken Link / Add Listing / Feedback 53 © 2020 Budgetstockphoto.com BudgetStockPhoto.com 2020 Stock Photo Resource Book| 4 INTRODUCTION discover Welcome to the 2020 Edition of the BudgetStockPhoto Stock Photo Users Resource Book the Best of Sometimes, finding stock photos is harder than it looks.
    [Show full text]