Does the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone Lie West of Its Previously

Home , Grenville orogeny

Mark T. Baranoski1, Isidore Zietz2, Timothy E. Leftwich1, J. Wright Horton, Jr.2, Stuart L. Dean3, and Stephen L. Snyder2 Does the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone Lie West of its Previously Inferred Location in West-Central Ohio? 1Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey • 2U.S. Geological Survey • 3University of Toledo

STOP 4 MAGNETIC STOP 5

ESSEX COUNTY KENT COUNTY WAYNE HILLSDALE ANOMALY MAP LENAWEE ERIE PROS & CONS WITH MOVING THE GRENVILLE PROVINCE BOUNDARY

10 ST. JOSEPH MONROE

BRANCH OHIO N Modified from GSA DNAG (1987), N Ashtabula ERA SERIES

Carr and others (2000), Reed (1993), SYSTEM FURTHER WEST IN OHIO AND ADJACENT INDIANA

LAGRANGE

A STEUBEN A Lake Queenston Sh

White and others (2000), Van Schmus (1996) Fulton Lucas CRAWFORD

Williams

G G Ottawa Cincinnati gp

Wood Geauga

NOBLE N DEKALB

4 I

9 I Henry

PRO:

Cuyahoga Kope Fm

I Defiance Erie R E

I R E D Local Point Pleasant Fm

Trumbull VENANG

0 Trenton Ls Lexington Ls - U

H Sandusky Lorain MERCER UPPER - U

H sequestration

WHITLEY 0

N N

3 C target S

S Huron Seismic refl ection profi les

Paulding Black River Gp

Precambrian/Paleozoic Portage

ALLEN E

C Medina Summit I C I Seneca

Putnam Wells Creek Fm St. Peter ss

contact exposed Hancock D 8 A

TINGTON I A

I Mahoning LAWRENCE

S W A Reinterpreted COCORP OH-1: Wyandot 0 S BUTLER

Van Wert S V

B E

1 B E Ashland Sequestration Grenville front/GFTZ M Wayne I Crawford M

I ADAMS Allen Stark R target 0

WELLS

Richland Columbiana ORDOVICIAN

7 MIDDLE • Layered Proterozoic unconformity-bounded sequences

10 A L BEAVER

A L 13 Marion

Auglaize

Allochthon boundary BLACKFORD Y

29 Hardin

O Mercer Y O

5 N Holmes Carroll Hancock

- -

thrust O JAY Morrow B A ALLEGHENY B A

14 R Jefferson • Westward-thrusted and partitioned basins

15 Tuscarawas

Logan C

Knox Confining A C A

N 16

7 Shelby N HH

N Union Beek-

H unit

H Coshocton

I I 00 Harrison LOWER mantown

Western central meta- I OO RANDOLPH 1 Delaware I I

I Brooke dol • Anomalous, relatively low interval velocities in basin-fi ll DELAWARE I

Darke I

17 Champaign sedimentary belt S Knox Dol

25 S Rose Run ss

18 PALEOZOIC Miami Licking Ohio

Guernsey GG WASHINGTON

L Copper Ridge

RR L I

27 21 I boundary thrust zone H H

S Belmont

26 S dol

N • Reflector impedence contrasts between basin-fill and underlying igneous/meta- N HENRY Franklin Muskingum Marshall FAYETT WAYNE Clark HH Eau Kerbel Fm 2 EE 100 Claire

0 GREENE

L O L 28 I

O I Fm C

0 Nd pre-1,600 eastern 22 C Montgomery Madison Basal

Furongian Conasauga

TROUGH 4 Preble A Noble

A A DD A P Fairfield confining Mt. gp morphic rocks P Greene

UNION Pickaway Monroe Simon

I limit continental crust I FAYETTE 2 Perry units Ss 0 Fayette Òbasal ssÓ N A N LL L A 0 GG Monongalia L Morgan

HH Wetzel

I BB

G Butler G A 19 • Westward horizontal shortening of basins A Marion UU R Hocking R L FRANKLIN Rift zones L Warren Tyler ROME 11 T F OO 11 Clinton Washington L MIDDLE

I L OO I 1 UU Ross CAMBRIAN O Athens O 12 0 Pleasants Ta yl or Sedimentary 0 Grenville domains 24 AA RIPLEY DEARBORN Harrison Layered Proterozoic unconformity bounded sequences on other seismic profi les in the HH Hamilton Vinton Doddridge rocks LL Highland Wood Ritchie

H P beneath Paleozoic H P Barbour SS T T II Meigs 6 Pike OO Jackson Clermont region. cover OHIO KENTON Wirt Lewis PP FERSON BOONE Brown Gilmer LOWER C CAMPBELL Calhoun 4 C 1 T T O Upshur Igneous and O 00 SWITZERLAND Adams Scioto PENDLETONOO Gallia Mason HH metamorphic St. Parry Sound AA RR Diachronous assemblage of complex terranes suggests the unlikely possibility of broad FF I GALLATIN Jackson I 23 BRACKEN rocks CARROLL 20 GRANT Roane Braxton Francois II R TT Randolph R IMBLE GG MASON Lawrence Mts. RR HENRY OWEN ROBERTSON linear continuous accretion/collision. MM OO LEWIS GREENUP PutnamTT Webster OO 0 UU Clay NEOPRO- PP HARRISON OO TEROZOIC Grenville 11 11 BOYD Cabell T FLEMING Middle complex H H T SHELBY NICHOLAS Run RRSCOTT Kanawha GG CARTERRR Fm FRANKLIN Nicholas Magnetic anomaly map modifi ed from GSA (1987) shows changes in relative intensity along UU P BOURBON Pocahontas Total magnetic intensity OO P ROWAN TT E E Wayne OO BATH Lincoln 12 SPENCER FAYETTE EE R ELLIOTT LAWRENCE Unconformity tectonic boundaries and structural trends. R ANDERSON WOODFORD MONTGOMERY Boone TT TEROZOIC Granite- E SPUR SPUR RR CLARKMM Fayette MESOPRO- E Greenbrier Rhyolite Second vertical derivative along COCORP profi le supports alternating pattern of basin-fi ll MM MENIFEE MM ? ELSON JESSAMINEOO MORGAN complex OO ? MERCER JOHNSON Logan 11 11 PP WASHINGTON MADISON POWELL O MARTIN Mingo Raleigh WOLFEO RR GARRARD RR MAGOFFIN Summers 0 50 miles 0 50 miles BOYLERR ESTILL FLOYD Wyoming and basement topographic highs. Contour interval (100 feet) 0 50 miles 0 100 kilometers 0 100 kilometers TEROZOIC Contour interval (20 feet) PALEOPRO- 0 100 kilometers Spectral output supports alternate lineament trends.

Proposed extension of the Late Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic Emergent Ohio Platform, proto-basins, and major structural features. Isopach of Mt. Simon Sandstone shows reduced Waverly Arch, basin Generalized stratigraphic Profi les in Ohio are NOT comparable to profi les on the outcropping Grenville front in Ontario. Waverly Arch and major structural features. Modifi ed from Baranoski Modifi ed from Baranoski (unpub. data, 2009). Trends discussed for development, and the emergence of the Ohio Platform. Modifi ed from column of Ordovician and The inclusion of exotic terrains and the eff ects of tectonics including complex faulting, (unpub. data, 2009). Trends discussed for poster shown. poster shown. Baranoski (unpub. data, 2009). Trends discussed for poster shown. older rock units. folding, and fl uid migration along zones of weakness further complicates the magnetic

ESSEX COUNTYKENT COUNTY WAYNE 10 0 00 crustal signal relative to that in Ontario and Ohio. 0 KENT COUNTY HILLSDALE 2 ERIE CALHOUN CALHOUN ST. JOSEPH BRANCH LENAWEE MONROE JACKSON WASHTENAW WAYNE JACKSON WAYNE KENT COUNTY Explanation ALAMAZOO ALAMAZOO WASHTENAW 50 2 ESSEX COUNTY 300 ESSEX COUNTY LAGRANGE ST. JOSEPH 800 1 Akron magnetic boundary STEUBEN 400 Lake Bouguer gravity 0 MONROE Fulton Lucas 35 CRAWFORD BRANCH ERIE T. JOSEPH ERIE 2 Coshocton zone MONROE BRANCH 0 Williams HILLSDALE LENAWEE HILLSDALE LENAWEE NOBLE 5 5 Ottawa Ashtabula 3 Fort Wayne rift zone 0 Wood Geauga CRAWFORD DEKALB 4 Grenville front geopotential boundary zone (GMF) Gravity lows in western and central Ohio interpreted as rift basins by various workers. Defiance Henry Sandusky Erie 0 Cuyahoga STEUBEN Lake STEUBEN Lake 5 Seneca geopotential anomaly 5 LAGRANGE Lucas Ashtabula CRAWFORD LAGRANGE Lucas Ashtabula 4 VENANG Fulton Fulton Trumbull MERCER Williams WHITLEY 5 Williams 6 Southwestern Ohio geopotential anomaly 00 Summit Lorain Portage Ottawa Ottawa NOBLE NOBLE 7 Bowling Green Fault System ALLEN Paulding Huron 0 Geauga Seneca DEKALB 50 DEKALB Well control with interesting lithologies beneath the Mt. Simon Medina Geauga Putnam Cuyahoga Cuyahoga Defiance Wood Defiance Wood MERCER 8 Findlay Arch Hancock HenrySandusky Erie Sandusky Erie TINGTON Mahoning LAWRENCE ITLEY Trumbull ITLEY Henry Lorain Trumbull 9 Chatham Sag Lorain MERCER 20 Van Wert Wyandot BUTLER Ashland 0 10 Algonquin Arch Friend well in Clark County, Ohio: thick black carbonates and volcanics (low-grade Crawford Richland Paulding VENANGO ALLEN Seneca Huron Portage ALLEN Paulding Huron Portage VENANG WELLS ADAMS Allen Wayne Stark Medina Summit Seneca Medina Summit 11 Rome Trough Putnam Putnam 0 550 Hancock Hancock 0 Columbiana 4 12 Rome Trough rift shoulder high Hardin BEAVER Mahoning LAWRENCE Mahoning metamorphism?). Auglaize BLACKFORD 13 Middleburg fault system Mercer Van Wert BUTLER Van Wert Holmes Carroll Hancock LAWRENCE Wyandot Crawford Wyandot Crawford Richland JAY Marion Morrow Ashland Wayne Wayne BUTLER 14 Akron fault system Jefferson ALLEGHENY WELLS ADAMS Allen Stark WELLS ADAMS Allen Ashland Stark Tuscarawas Columbiana BEAVER Logan Richland Columbiana 15 Suffield fault system Knox Binegar wells (2) in Jay County, Indiana: carbonates (rare graphite). Union BEAVER Hardin Shelby 6 7 Hardin 0 00 0 Auglaize 0 Auglaize Marion 16 Smith Twp. fault system 0 Harrison ACKFORD 0 ACKFORD DELAWARE Delaware Coshocton Mercer Marion 1 Carroll Carroll Hancock Hancock RANDOLPH Brooke Holmes Holmes 17 Highlandtown fault system 700 Morrow Mercer JAY JAY Morrow Numerous wells with Middle Run Fm. red lithic arenite (rhyolite clasts common). Champaign Jefferson ALLEGHENY ALLEGHENY Tuscarawas Tuscarawas Jefferson 18 Pittsburg-Washington cross-strike structural discontinuity Darke Licking Ohio Logan Miami Guernsey Knox Logan Knox WASHINGTON Shelby Shelby 19 Cambridge cross-strike structural discontinuity Belmont Union Union HENRY 6 Muskingum Marshall FAYETT LAWARE Delaware Coshocton Harrison LAWARE Coshocton Harrison Franklin 5 WAYNE Clark Delaware Brooke 20 Burning Springs fault system 0 Darke Rhyolite clasts observed in Middle Run core samples may simply indicate eastward extension RANDOLPH Brooke RANDOLPH Madison Darke GREENE Champaign Champaign 21 Killbuck structure EXPLANATION Montgomery WASHINGTON WASHINGTON EXPLANATION Preble Licking Licking Fairfield Perry Noble Miami Ohio Miami HENRY Guernsey Guernsey Ohio 22 Utica structure FAYETTE Greene Monroe HENRY UNION Fayette Belmont of EGR. Archean-aged rocks associated with the Ontario Grenville are NOT known in Ohio. Pre-Grenville terrane boundary after Whitmeyer and Karlstrm, 2007 Pre-Grenville terrane boundary after Whitmeyer and Karlstrm, 2007 Morgan Franklin Belmont Monongalia Franklin Muskingum Marshall FAYETTE Marshall FAYETTE 23 Plum Run Quarry fault system WAYNE Clark WAYNE Clark Muskingum 600 0 Wetzel Proposed and revised GMF this paper Proposed and revised GMF this paper 600 24 Fayette structure 80 Madison GREENE Madison GREENE Marion Preble Butler Pickaway Hocking Montgomery FRANKLIN Warren Tyler Preble 25 Anna-Champaign fault system GMF after Drahouzal, 1992 Clinton Washington Fairfield Noble FAYETTE Fairfield Parautochthonous block associated with the Ontario Grenville is NOT known in Ohio. GMF after Drahouzal, 1992 Monroe 6 Noble Pleasants Greene Monroe Montgomery Greene Pickaway 50 Perry Perry UNION Monongalia UNION 0 Monongalia 26 Auglaize fault system Ross Athens Ta yl or FAYETTE Pickaway 0 RIPLEY Morgan 8 Morgan Wetzel 0 Harrison Fayette Wetzel Washington 27 Logan fault system Hamilton Vinton 5 Doddridge Fayette DEARBORN Highland 7 Ohio deep-well samples rarely contain high-grade metamorphic minerals. 0 50 100 miles 0 50 100 miles Hocking Marion Hocking Marion Ritchie Butler 1 FRANKLIN Butler Warren 28 Delaware structure Jackson Barbour FRANKLIN Warren Tyler Tyler 50 Wood Clinton 5 Washington Clinton Clermont Meigs 5 00 0 40 80 120 kilometers 0 40 80 120 kilometers Pike 29 Maumee River lineament Pleasants Wirt Lewis RIPLEY Ross Athens Ta yl or RIPLEY Ross Athens Pleasants Ta yl or OHIO BOONE 00 2 Brown 7 50 Harrison Harrison Deep wells in SE Michigan with inclusive igneous/metamorphic assemblages on either side KENTON Gilmer Doddridge Doddridge SWITZERLAND Calhoun Hamilton Vinton Hamilton Vinton CAMPBELL Mason Upshur 0 Highland Wood Clermont Highland Wood 3 DEARBORN Adams Gallia Ritchie Granite-Rhyolite Province/East Continent Rift Basin Scioto 0 DEARBORN Ritchie GALLATIN Jackson 0 Meigs 00 Barbour Meigs Barbour FERSON PENDLETON 0 Pike 5 Pike 0 BOONE Clermont 3 BOONE CAMPBELL 0 BRACKEN Jackson Jackson 4 Grenville Province of GMF. CARROLL GRANT Roane Braxton OHIO KENTON 0 Wirt Lewis OHIO 1 Lewis Composite aeromagnetic map of part of the eastern United States and Canada. Simulated fl ight altitude 305-meters above Map of Ohio region showing isostatic residual Bouguer gravity anomalies, modifi ed from USGS (1995). Trends discussed for Map showing generalized basement lithologies from well control. Modifi ed 500 0 Randolph 0 2000 00 4 55 Brown 0 Brown 10 Wirt IMBLE 5 Lawrence 30 0 Gilmer 800 Gilmer 0 MASON CAMPBELL 45 Calhoun KENTON 1 Calhoun Extent of Waverly Arch OWEN GREENUP 00 Upshur Upshur LEWIS Putnam Adams Scioto 55 Adams Scioto 00 ground, spectral color display, and sun angle zero degrees. Compiled from various sources and processed by USGS Reston, poster shown. from Lidiak and Hinze (1993). Trends discussed for poster shown. ROBERTSON Webster SWITZERLAND Jackson SWITZERLAND 20 HENRY HARRISON 00 Clay Gallia Gallia Interpreted boundary, trend, or fault 5 GALLATIN Mason CARROLL 00 PENDLETON 22 Cabell PENDLETON 0 Mason FLEMING CARROLL BRACKEN 0 Roane GALLATIN GRANT BRACKEN Roane Regional Precambrian unconformity surface SHELBY 450 GRANT 0 Braxton Randolph Braxton Randolph Normal fault Virginia. Major tectonic trends illustrated. CARTER MBLE 1 0 SCOTT NICHOLAS Kanawha 5 20 00 MBLE 80 ROBERTSON 1 Jackson FRANKLIN BOYD Nicholas MASON Lawrence 0 BOURBON 0 65 0 Lawrence Pocahontas OWEN ROBERTSON LEWIS 0 OWEN LEWIS Small fault WOODFORD ROWAN HENRY GREENUP 4 Putnam MASON GREENUP 0 Wayne Lincoln HARRISON Clay Webster HARRISON Clay Webster 40 HENRY Complex assemblage of terranes, paleotectonics across the region aff ected erosion SPENCER BATH 0 FLEMING Data point FAYETTE BOYD Cabell 0 0 SCOTT BOYD Cabell ANDERSON LAWRENCE FLEMING 0 0 FRANKLIN 0 Boone NICHOLAS 7 5 CARTER 650 ELLIOTT Fayette SCOTT 8 0 Putnam 700 50 miles 000 0 Kanawha SHELBY 6 Kanawha Rome Trough fault system MENIFEE 0 Greenbrier SHELBY CARTER 6 50 Nicholas NICHOLAS 1 Nicholas ELSON JESSAMINE CLARK MONTGOMERY MORGAN FRANKLIN 2000 7 00 2 BOURBON 90 0 Pocahontas 2 Pocahontas geomorphology. WASHINGTON ROWAN 000 0 POWELL JOHNSON Mingo Logan Wayne Lincoln 1 0 BOURBON ROWAN Pre-Grenville terrane boundary after Whitmeyer and MADISON MARTIN 0 Raleigh 100 kilometers BATH MONTGOMERY ELLIOTT Lincoln MERCER BATH WOLFE MAGOFFIN Summers 0 Wayne BOYLE GARRARD ESTILL FLOYD Wyoming ENCER WOODFORD ELLIOTT Karlström, 2007 FAYETTE MONTGOMERY LAWRENCE 50 0 NCER ANDERSON FAYETTE LAWRENCE ANDERSON 9 0 Boone Boone 05 Fayette MENIFEE Fayette CLARK 1 0 WOODFORD The Ohio region was not as deeply eroded prior to Paleozoic deposition, thus increasing PRESQUE ISLE Contour interval (50 feet) CLARK PRESQUE ISLE 8 0 0 50 miles HINGTON 0 50 miles Proposed and revised GMF this paper

CHARLEVOIX CHARLEVOIX JESSAMINE MENIFEE 0 0 Greenbrier Greenbrier

OTTAWA-CARLETON REGIONAL MUNIC REGIONAL OTTAWA-CARLETON MORGAN MORGAN OTTAWA-C ARLETON REGIONAL MUNIC REGIONAL ARLETON OTTAWA-C JESSAMINE

WASHINGTON 00 11 2

STORMONT, DUNDAS AND GLENGARRY AND DUNDAS STORMONT, STORMONT, DUNDAS AND GLENGARRY AND DUNDAS STORMONT, 4 60 MERCER 000 Logan 2 Logan POWELL JOHNSON MARTIN Mingo 0 Raleigh 100 kilometers MERCER 400 POWELL JOHNSON Mingo 0 Raleigh 100 kilometers GMF after Drahouzal, 1992 OTSEGO MADISON 0 OTSEGO MONTMORENCY MONTMORENCY WOLFE MARTIN HALIBURTON COUNTY LANARK COUNTY ANTRIM HALIBURTON COUNTY LANARK COUNTY WOLFE ANTRIM ALPENA ALPENA GARRARD 70 Summers GARRARD ESTILL MAGOFFIN Summers MUSKOKA DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY 5 0 MADISON MUSKOKA DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY BOYLE 5500 ESTILL 000 MAGOFFIN FLOYD 0 Wyoming BOYLE FLOYD Wyoming LEELANAU LEELANAU HASTINGS COUNTY HASTINGS COUNTY the likelihood of preserved Grenville basins. CLINTON CLINTON Isopach of Eau Claire/Conasauga/Sandusky interval shows extent of Knox to Proterozoic isopach—contour interval (500 feet) Knox isopach—contour interval (200 feet) SIMCOE COUNTY SIMCOE COUNTY VICTORIA COUNTY FRONTENAC COUNTY VICTORIA COUNTY FRONTENAC COUNTY PETERBOROUGH COUNTY PETERBOROUGH COUNTY

LEEDS AND GRENVILLE UNITED COU LEEDS AND GRENVILLE UNITED COU facies, reduced Waverly Arch, basin development, and the emergence BENZIE GRAND TRAVERSE KALKASKA CRAWFORD OSCODA BENZIE GRAND TRAVERSE KALKASKA CRAWFORD OSCODA The complex underpinning architecture controlled Paleozoic structure and deposition and ALCONA ST.LAWRENCE FRANKLIN ALCONA ST.LAWRENCE FRANKLIN LENNOX AND ADDINGTON COUNTY LENNOX AND ADDINGTON COUNTY of the Ohio Platform. Modifi ed from Baranoski (unpub. data, 2009). Isopach of Sauk sequence shows Cambrian/Early Ordovician extent of Isopach of Knox Dolomite shows Cambrian/Early Ordovician extent also aff ected contemporaneous crustal stresses (i.e., seismicity potential). MANISTEE MANISTEE WEXFORD WEXFORD the emergent Ohio Platform. Modifi ed from Baranoski (unpub. data, of the emergent Ohio Platform. Modifi ed from Baranoski (unpub. MISSAUKEE MISSAUKEE Trends discussed for poster shown. IOSCO IOSCO ROSCOMMON ROSCOMMON OGEMAW GREY COUNTY OGEMAW GREY COUNTY 433 JEFFERSON JEFFERSON

ESSEX ESSEX 2009). Trends discussed for poster shown. data, 2009). Trends discussed for poster shown.

NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY BRUCE COUNTY BRUCE COUNTY Regional Phanerozoic mapping MASON LAKE MASON LAKE Section partially eroded ARENAC CLARE ARENAC CLARE GLADWIN GLADWIN OSCEOLA OSCEOLA DUFFERIN COUNTY DURHAM REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY DUFFERIN COUNTY DURHAM REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY

392 409 PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY 221 PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY LEWIS 598 HURON HURON YORK REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY YORK REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY NE-trending alignment subparallel in NW Ohio with Trenton platform edge (ramp) and 0 0 507 337 5 PEEL REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY PEEL REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY BAY BAY WELLINGTON COUNTY WARREN WARRE N HAMILTON HAMILTON OCEANA

OCEANA 592 LEWIS TORONTO METROPOLITAN MUNICIPAL METROPOLITAN TORONTO TORONTO METROPOLITAN MUNICIPAL METROPOLITAN TORONTO 0 495 MECOSTA 0 0 00 MECOSTA 630 NEWAYGO 0 5 5 NEWAYGO MIDLAND 5 WELLINGTON COUNTY MIDLAND ISABELLA WAS HING ISABELLA WAS HING HURON COUNTY HURON COUNTY 643 617 616 5 417 historic oil-and-gas fi elds. This approximates area of thin Trenton and Point Pleasant facies 536 0 0 542 371 628 610 283 701 585 541 HALTON REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY HALTON REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY 660 OSWEGO OSWEGO SANILAC SANILAC TUSCOLA TUSCOLA WATERLOO REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY MUSKEGON WATERLOO REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY 678 520 MUSKEGON 450 785 762 PERTH COUNTY PERTH COUNTY 623 526 665 782 557 558 569 SARATOGA 679 666 643 SARATOGA MONTCALM 508 633 HERKIMER MONTCALM 687 697 631 HERKIMER GRATIOT SAGINAW 493 GRATIOT SAGINAW 937 (aka Sebree trough). 515 564 651 562 487 514 580 628 672 709 584 654 637 652 552 556 400 668 667 500 570 672 FULTON 633 FULTON ORLEANS 469 ONEIDA 692 ORLEANS 997 ONEIDA 486 717 641 260 400 650 505 HAMILTON-WENTWORTH REGIONAL MU NIAGARA 496 505 HAMILTON-WENTWORTH REGIONAL MU NIAGARA 694 1023 598 611 650 535 586 WAY NE 732 683 655 684 666 658 WAY NE 615 608 458 540 719 709 728 724 707 618 614 585 1090 498 522 587 688 483 649 597 620 638 719 710 611 476 680 739 678 669 660 KENT OXFORD COUNTY 633 MONROE 689 684 KENT OXFORD COUNTY MONROE 382 444 584 633 ONONDAGA 750 105 MONTGOMERY 500 0 718 666 BRANT COUNTY 680 5 LAPEER BRANT COUNTY 666 644 NW Ohio, NE-trending alignment subparallel with Knox isopach and Sauk sequence isopachs. LAPEER 458 614 749 0 659 602 730 521 75 ONONDAGA 2 703 592 487 590 688 686 304 204 778 632 613 594 901 1475 OTTAWA GENESEE 760 OTTAWA GENESEE 602 569 MONTGOMERY NIAGARA REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY GENESEE 730 NIAGARA REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY 530 1711 455 700 MADISON 212 SCHENECTADY 661 MADISON SCHENECTADY CLINTON SHIAWASSEE 792 786 562 43 CLINTON SHIAWASSEE GENESEE 584 615 587 600 703 IONIA ST. CLAIR MIDDLESEX COUNTY 213 IONIA ST. CLAIR MIDDLESEX COUNTY 690 583 640 SENECA 561 247 652 SENECA 611 554 771 232 630 706 1021 692 818 725 580 1 582 455 ONTARIO 0 311 246 715 679 ONTARIO 1022 1222 0 1100 625 5 0 351 619 822 838 2 669 578 576 0 HALDIMAND-NORFOLK REGIONAL MUN 230 HALDIMAND-NORFOLK REGIONAL MUN 625 755 852 730 693 549 576 LAMBTON COUNTY 570 570 RENSSELA LAMBTON COUNTY 720 670 718 RENSSELA Bedrock mapping of NW Ohio (SE Michigan Basin). 584 757 718 448 508 566 CAYUGA 826 466 552 CAYUGA 1163 540 502 715 205 OTSEGO 716778 569 OTSEGO 453 503 610 243 SCHOHARIE 742 730 683 1127 SCHOHARIE 514 832 774 593 ALBANY ELGIN COUNTY 585 500 779 581 ALBANY ELGIN COUNTY 745 586 716 464 312 450 597 793 308 762 WYOMING725 683 572 1079 440 172 YATE S 1032 352 806 965 OAKLAND LIVINGSTON 761 752 OAKLAND 593 660 604 BARRY MACOMB 432 797 YATE S 348 43 BARRY MACOMB 615 588 934 CHENANGO 1191 ALLEGAN EATON WYOMING ALLEGAN EATON INGHAM ERIE 585 751 802 CORTLAND INGHAM ERIE 800 602 638 CORTLAND 511 758 719 LIVINGSTON 594 590 583 641 995 804 797 920 691 429 801 807 LIVINGSTON 446 378 262 LIVINGSTON 828 595 642 721 1005 ASHTABULA 453 485 714 668 771 780 922 893 686 376 895 627 614 604 602 558 569 584 824 Shaded relief of ground level topography (ancestral western Lake Erie basin). 585 692 452 498 626 817 643 372 860 752 645 606 858 446 767 764 926 597 572 738 689 771 771918 879 606 621 598 607 604 582 586 673 417 426 498 788 783 835 CHENANGO 68 515 764 880 562 580 864 A 437 430 520 5 789 186 816 599 463 478 0 747 785 850 606 TOMPKINS 819 844 613 607 631 668 TOMPKINS 0 451 824 713 583 772 436 434 471 776 752 452 330 836 786 869 591 743 442 646 655 784 451 847 630 630 632 713 411 500 861 782 474 456 82 14 GREENE 798 607 630 793 767 978 GREENE 405 5 865 415 0 626 STEUBEN SCHUYLER 302 844 650 STEUBEN SCHUYLER 919 LUCAS KENT COUNTY 408 451 0 656 371 KENT COUNTY 824 837 625 950 WILLIAMS FULTON 412 730 692 543 460 A 830 685 666 775 DELAWARE 1 411 573 798 712 718 713 0 391 418 494 250 427 350 680 709 781 0 445 723 731 546533 E 875 711 743 0 DELAWARE VAN BUREN 418 699 473 364 312 VAN BUREN 770 739 767 860 CALHOUN WAY NE COLUMBIA ALLEGANY 980 COLUMBIA LAKE GEAUGA KALAMAZOO 840 713 611 552 690 KALAMAZOO 706 732 742 751 530 231 CALHOUN WAY NE 735 1306 OTTAWA JACKSON WAS HTENAW 391 ALLEGANY 740 617 R JACKSON WAS HTENAW 441 772 A 401 0 680 533 BROOME 796 794 769 776 BROOME 285 CHAUTAUQUA CATTARAUGUS 5 555 443 848 CHAUTAUQUA CATTARAUGUS 749 816 730 822 7 677 546 556 701 731 712 1150 400 438 240 238 813 871 746 TIOGA E 631 630 505 555 TIOGA 748 744 733 752 752 1165 WOOD 407 558 497 A 871 871 737 369 405 696 616 CHEMUNG 204 726 CHEMUNG ESSEX COUNTY 348 ESSEX COUNTY 851 754 R 396 389 50 208 871 728 TRUMBULL 231 346 0 637 524 472 251 860 775 916 HENRY

558 521 5 754 739 CUYAHOGA ULSTER 231 ULSTER 318 297 400 0 231 253 SANDUSKY 305 470 0 2 756 A 425 50 940 DEFIANCE ERIE 412 908 LORAIN BERRIEN 314 BERRIEN 765 CASS 250 CASS 238 CON: ST. JOSEPH ERIE ST. JOSEPH ERIE DUTCHESS BRANCH DUTCHESS HILLSDALE 275 330 Y HILLSDALE 256 914 MONROE 315 MONROE 411 BRANCH 332 923 LENAWEE SUSQUEHANNA 50 LENAWEE SUSQUEHANNA PORTAGE 2 1 216 287 301 605 0 1000 312 293 0 0 954 949 200 281 325 BRADFORD SULLIVAN 995 BRADFORD SULLIVAN SUMMIT 159 258 578 1462 1037 HURON 153 214 216 210 188 WARRE N 580 1038 1225 1044 1017 PAULDING MEDINA Y 191 156 182 195 203 MCKEAN TIOGA 593 1004 1007 WARREN MCKEAN TIOGA SENECA 238 133 153 201 198 D 241 576 612 1018 200 1017 137 185 POTTER 996 248 126 125 122 124 124 174183 197 WAY NE 212 713 680 631 647 655 1085 1044 WAY NE Seismic refl ection profi les PORTER 169 583 PORTER 1040 1088 1175 ST JOSEPH 249 258 259 126 126 129 127 ST JOSEPH 238 250 685 637 666 LAGRANGE STEUBEN 252 130 129 152 LAGRANGE STEUBEN 551 654 643 1081 735 POTTER PUTNAM HANCOCK ELKHART LUCAS ASHTABULA125 ELKHART LUCAS ASHTABULA648 LAPORTE 214 237 255 LAPORTE 213 323 253 268 136 136 128 CRAWFORD 174 325 222 638 638 CRAWFORD 983 MAHONING D 262 277 134 WYOMING 220 216 657 WYOMING 237 FULTON LAKE U FULTON LAKE WILLIAMS 136 134 LACKAWANNA WILLIAMS 663 LACKAWANNA 237 137 PUTNAM 229 365 663 PUTNAM 236 258 273 137139 116 251 215 226 289 672 217 233 254 259 142 138 226 289 668 663 673 199 135 138 136 201 252 222 711 235 OTTAWA 145 150 234 OTTAWA 660 657 206 246 151 147 483 673 1086 251 FOREST PIKE 255 302 PIKE 236 148 GEAUGA 293 GEAUGA FOREST 287 153 SULLIVAN ORANGE 244 SULLIVAN ORANGE VAN WERT Over-interpretation of data in light of very sparse well control. U NOBLE 233 269 T NOBLE 284 248 00 DEKALB 137 138 CAMERON DEKALB 261 677 742 CAMERON 10 WYANDOT CRAWFORD RICHLAND ASHLAND 288 280 274 ELK 251 280 ELK WAYNE 231 236 257 292 274 303 252 255 MARSHALL 216 471 MARSHALL 368 344 926 STARKE 219 116 CUYAHOGA STARKE 259 549 CUYAHOGA LYCOMING 212 232 237 277 285 248 254 158 VENANGO LYCOMING 276 296 355 383 339 251 303 416 394 VENANGO 216 DEFIANCE 270 156 111 CLINTON WESTCHEST 284 DEFIANCE 261 450 496 CLINTON WESTCHEST 244 243 108 ERIE 105 366 376 241 472 573 HENRY SANDUSKY 154 102 89 201 284 HENRY SANDUSKY 423 496 ERIE 1168 ALLEN STARK COLUMBIANA 274 270 106 118 ROCKLAND 286 267 301 488 469 ROCKLAND 263 WOOD 93 231 365 370 379 254 WOOD 579 942 T 111 142 572 561 154 S 657 254 185 117 142 LORAIN TRUMBULL 361 255 400 556 557 LORAIN TRUMBULL KOSCIUSKO 235 158 115 162 148 168 MERCER LUZERNE KOSCIUSKO 367 359 283 451 557 MERCER LUZERNE JASPER 263 149 115 149 248 JASPER 366 352 317 430 566 552 1086 HARDIN Simplifi ed interpretation might include Neoproterozoic and/or Early Cambrian sediments 125 129 147 163 230 379 320 403 581 552 615 1081 JEFFERSON Glacial WHITLEY 255 143 79 WHITLEY 438 494 9573 JEFFERSON 374 301 496 236 239 246 140 86 83 129 214 243 COLUMBIA 280 438 493 544 661 1191 COLUMBIA PAULDING 87 171 180 PORTAGE 214 CLARION MONROE PAULDING 477 506 610 634 PORTAGE 667 CLARION MONROE 188 100 80 76 86 186 342 290 495 499 642 PULASKI FULTON 81 SENECA CENTRE PULASKI FULTON CENTRE Margin S ALLEN ALLEN 498 219 199 168 80 173 0 347 355 421 484 SENECA 543 MERCER 182 96 79 82 HURON SUMMIT 75 377 474 508 HURON SUMMIT 136 142 MEDINA 176 203 146 CARBON 501 498 533 MEDINA 608 1165 CARROLL 198 231 83 84 117 180 MONTOUR 310 586 617 MONTOUR 151 141 169 206 407 514 532 612 607 Ohio Platform PUTNAM 126 PUTNAM 533 CARBON MARION 160 BRONX 584 BRONX 81 208 215 UNION 355 504 627 650 UNION AUGLAIZE HOLMES 110 73 176 443 474 514 LAWRENCE 179 381 92 F 88 170 MAHONING CLEARFIELD 335 412 551 504 MAHONING CLEARFIELD MORROW WAB ASH 198 HANCOCK 92 WAB ASH 332 HANCOCK and volcanics within fault-bounded basins. 123 191 225 360 464 599 581 112 92 102 LAWRENCE 503 500 1 215 99 51 98 170 173 208 438 473 635 0 WHITE 132 123 Point Pleasant extent QUEEN WHITE 387 383 635 535 0 QUEEN 100 125 178 206 206 851 359 484 488 484 545 586 0 74 138 164 364 514 TUSCARAWAS 83 71 115 96 103 127 194 BUTLER 250 477 495 608 BUTLER 1180 HUNTINGTON VAN WERT HUNTINGTON VAN WERT WYANDOT 0 470 171 62 118 162 NORTHUMBERLAND 384 410 473 NORTHUMBERLAND CASS 131 142 226 CASS 512 0 485 MIAMI 115 182 MIAMI 567 KNOX ARMSTRONG 407 5 493 LOGAN F 180 499 546 128 ASHLAND 170 SCHUYLKILL KINGS ASHLAND SCHUYLKILL KINGS 87 45 CRAWFORD WAY NE 212 222 SNYDER O 490 541 CRAWFORD WAY NE 638 619 Point Pleasant extentSNYDER 199 79 119 127 193 226 NORTHAMPTON 496 469 502 601 597 ARMSTRONG NORTHAMPTON UNION JEFFERSON ADAMS 232 224 ADAMS 381 379 633 605 SHELBY WELLS 197 195 ALLEN 99 77 125 136 WELLS ALLEN 512 468 522 61 WYANDOT 100 128 147 526 514 515 492 485 508 200196 66 227 RICHMOND 543 505 627 RICHMOND 176 112 123 131 128 RICHLAND STARK SUFFO 335 503 469 478 477 RICHLAND STARK SUFFO COSHOCTON 173 171 73 132 131 208 220 427 416 637 636 HARRISON 178 167 54 74 111 130 139 221 COLUMBIANA 424 572 576 479 485 501 682 COLUMBIANA CARROLL 128 135 0 CARROLL 472 485 DELAWARE 88 125 166 LEHIGH 468 528 LEHIGH 62 136 136 205 5 536 499 507 627 185 HARDIN 119 7 392 HARDIN 516 O 76 194 51 72 93 150 186 238 246 529 488 530 589 655 543 DARKE Total magnetic intensity 87 84 140 138 BEAVER INDIANA 443 494 529 BEAVER INDIANA AUGLAIZE 106 104 133 130 MIFFLIN DAUPHIN AUGLAIZE 461 499 491 MIFFLIN DAUPHIN TIPPECANOE HOWARD GRANT MERCER 38 131 139 139 186 TIPPECANOE HOWARD GRANT MERCER 479 512 541 530 611 69 109 MARION 139 154 CAMBRIA BUCKS 539 470 479MARION 562 CAMBRIA BUCKS CARROLL JUN IATA 497 CARROLL JUN IATA

140 129 160 HOLMES HANCOCK 2 457 525 HOLMES HANCOCK BLACKFORD BLACKFORD 164 180 5 BERKS T 408 451 572 BERKS

133 130 MORROW 141 164 0 MORROW 548 818 JAY 96 141 JAY 445 551 CHAMPAIGN LICKING 54 103 139 163 524 522 563 163 46 62 151 149 152 BLAIR PERRY 336 532 500 444 575 BLAIR PERRY 106 129 140 ALLEGHENY 505 462 553 568 656 ALLEGHENY 54 94 134 159 166 158 TUSCARAWAS JEFFERSON 525 464 437 586 TUSCARAWAS JEFFERSON MIAMI GUERNSEY CLINTON 62 147 LEBANON CLINTON LOGAN 552 LEBANON TIPTON LOGAN 107 138 TIPTON 481 448 520 48 84 127 135 131 137 KNOX 160 515 500 459 482 KNOX Over-interpretation of data in light of very sparse well control. 85 UNION UNION BELMONT T SHELBY 69 147 138 162 159 SHELBY 509 543 548 658 95 93 152 157 N 462 454 522 676 MUSKINGUM 48 106 120 139 138 162 188 MONTGOMERY 459 449 462 546 518 605 MONTGOMERY 101 138 150 131 WESTMORELAND Union Furnace outcrop 451 476 524 WESTMORELAND FRANKLIN 116 125 143 149 446 432 548 674 49 61 113 157 HUNTINGDON 499 488 453 518 HUNTINGDON MADISON DELAWARE 135 140 172 150 MADISON DELAWARE 503 543 668 MADISON 93 134 139 181 166 457 DELAWARE 505 519 127 153 COSHOCTON HARRISON 484 430 557 COSHOCTON HARRISON 129 DELAWARE 149 167 159 431 479 501 757 DARKE 84 145 BROOKE DARKE 454 667 MONTGOMERY 140 464 BROOKE 103 126 124 144 163 167 CHESTER MONTGOMERY 451 446 432 554 553 494 CHESTER 59 75 129 135 457 468 460 531 N RANDOLPH 56 153151 CUMBERLAND RANDOLPH 463 479482 CLARK 73 139 161 165 178 E 462 510 487 706 CUMBERLAND 144 151 477 449 BOONE PHILADELPHIA BOONE PHILADELPHIA HAMILTON 151 161 160 WAS HINGTON HAMILTON 452 481 526 108 CHAMPAIGN 125 191 144 146 474 CHAMPAIGN 432 484 547 136 431 WAS HINGTON 0 Proposed trend crosses GMF trend related to trend along Ontario Grenville front outcrop. 163 141 151 439 415 448 567 2055 154 474 518 0 66 157 132 338 471 426 5 1744 1682 MIAMI LICKING 137 OHIO MIAMI LICKING 586 OHIO 1 82 111 GUERNSEY 460 403 517 GUERNSEY PREBLE

164 131 133 521 581 571 FAIRFIELD 155 148 FULTON T 656 FULTON PERRY E 91 88 153 DELAWARE 560 DELAWARE MONTGOMERY NOBLE HENRY 179 129 150 FRANKLIN HENRY 451 457 367 450 509 FRANKLIN 129 580 111 153 BELMONT 342 SOMERSET BELMONT 1480 SOMERSET MONROE FRANKLIN 151 YORK FRANKLIN 483 533 YORK 155 LANCASTER 562 LANCASTER 111 CLARK MADISON MUSKINGUM 407 CLARK MADISON MUSKINGUM WAY NE FAY ETT E ADAMS WAY NE FAY ETT E ADAMS GREENE HENDRICKS HANCOCK 114 HENDRICKS 461 119 153 BEDFORD HANCOCK 385 424 PICKAWAY T 182 143 368 481 BEDFORD Proposed trend may suggest pre-Grenville tectonic lineament/crustal boundaries. MARION 28 114 144 133 GREENE MARION X 470 442 439 551 GREENE MORGAN PREBLE 169 MARSHALL PREBLE MARSHALL PUTNAM 152 147 PUTNAM 439 476 FAIRF IELD 615 MONTGOMERY FAIRF IELD 152 MONTGOMERY 509 143 199 823 FAYETTE 139 144 NOBLE 421 RUSH RUSH 665 NOBLE X 136 135 138 136 161 553 551 673 FAY ETT E 150 147 142 138 MONROE FAY ETT E 420 434 469 MONROE GREENE PICKAWAY PERRY 133 E GREENE PICKAWAY PERRY 667 UNION 147 5250 0 50 100 Miles UNION 428 154 147 142 441 453 5250 0 50 100 Miles

JOHNSON 31 146 135 JOHNSON 467 451 HOCKING Low magnetic-susceptibility igneous/metamorphic bodies.

CLA 148 454 31 104 181 149 166 WETZEL CLA 458 397 450 677 WETZEL WARREN WASHINGTON MORGAN SHELBY 105 139 165 162 MORGAN 144 MORGAN SHELBY 422 429 407 421 MORGAN BUTLER 63 FAY ETT E 151 147 147 454 FAY ETT E 454 462 E 145 156 A MORGAN 486 694 MORGAN CLINTON 137 183 151 148 144 MONONGALIA 420 391 455 461 467 MONONGALIA OWEN 140 143 187 152 OWEN 430 424 384 430 82 151 149 140 HOCKING 456 454 473 519 HOCKING ROSS BUTLER 135 152 176 MARION BERKELEY BUTLER 436 416 683 MARION BERKELEY FRANKLIN 182 WASHINGTON 366 FRANKLIN WAS HINGTON 1521 WARRE N 174 156 158 149 WARRE N 410 CLINTON 186 156 TYLER T CLINTON 431 433 438 486 TYLER 5025 0 50 100 150 Kilometers ATHENS 100 76 151 186 298 5025 0 50 100 150 Kilometers 352 566 691 1110 A 147 184 184 197 PRESTON 411 408 PRESTON 188 MINERAL 401 MINERAL DECATUR 184 131 145 DECATUR 537 533 ROSS PLEASANTS 369 ROSS 195 146 586 PLEASANTS MONROE HAMPSHIRE JEFFERSON MONROE JEFFERSON 90 126 199 ATHE NS TAYLOR 383 382 392 ATHENS TAYLOR HAMPSHIRE BROWN BARTHOLOMEW 208 A BROWN BARTHOLOMEW 386 T HIGHLAND VINTON VINTON VINTON Bouguer gravity HARRISON 201 211 DODDRIDGE FREDERICK 410 741 DODDRIDGE FREDERICK HAMILTON Key HAMILTON 187 138 WOOD HAMILTON 399 WOOD 158 HARRISON A' HIGHLAND 152 GRANT 469 HIGHLAND 588 GRANT RIPLEY DEARBORN CLERMONT 170 RIPLEY DEARBORN CLERMONT 456 CLERMONT Quaternary GREENE 161 147 171 208 RITCHIE GREENE 335 RITCHIE A D CLARKE CLARKE 164 177 122 BARBOUR TUCKER LOUDOUN 341 477 528 535 BARBOUR TUCKER LOUDOUN (cross section only) 168 196 118 355 PIKE MEIGS JENNINGS BOONE 209 209 208 219 PIKE MEIGS 220 JENNINGS BOONE 370 396 400 PIKE MEIGS 600 196 207 225 369 366 419 168 186 LEWIS JACKSON JACKSON JACKSON Gravity lows in western and central Ohio interpreted as Neoproterozoic and/or Early 181 200 366 134 WIRT HARDY WIRT HARDY JACKSON OHIO KENTON 227 JACKSON OHIO KENTON 406 571 LEWIS D March 31 2006 69 81 CAMPBELL 129 571 Permian-Pennsylvanian MARTIN 86 167 133 173 March 31 2006 MARTIN 294 CAMPBELL 561 591 Serpent Mound LAWRENCE 183 168 130 WARREN LAWRENCE n 558 WARRE N 167 217 GILMER SHENANDOAH 315 364 Impact Structure 158 BROWN 174 BROWN 785 GILMER JEFFERSON SWITZERLAND UPSHUR FAIRFAX JEFFERSON SWITZERLAND w UPSHUR FAIRFAX 170 JACKSON 527 ADAMS RANDOLPH FAU QUIER FAU QUIER O ADAMS 750 RANDOLPH BROWN ADAMS 178 227 SCIOTO 304 307 406 CALHOUN PLATE 1-29 GALLIA 204 CALHOUN o SCIOTO JACKSON SHENANDOAH Pennsylvanian 184 222 GALLIA PLATE 1-27 403 GALLIA 185 GALLATIN 182 GALLATIN SCIOTO Cambrian rift basins by various workers. SCOTT 184 SCOTT h Interval-thickness map of the "Kope", (top of the Trenton/Lexington 184 MASON 12 158 151 385 MASON CARROLL 224 284 CARROLL 378 634 170 PENDLETON RAPPAHANNOCK Interval-thickness map of the 595 788 PENDLETONO RAPPAHANNOCK 194 PENDLETON BRACKEN 173 337 BRAXTON 324 N PRINCE WILLIAM s PENDLETON BRACKEN 625 BRAXTON 893 ROANE ROANE PRINCE WILLIAM WAS HINGTON TRIMBLE GRANT WAS HINGTON TRIMBLE GRANT to the top of the "Kope", includes the partial equivalents of the 184 Mississippian ORANGE 226 Trenton/Lexington (top of Black River ORANGE 411 157 LAWRENCE LAWRENCE 94 234 240 190 t 398 685 MASON 250 251 223 ROCKINGHAM MASON 491 ROCKINGHAM Reedsville and Martinsburg in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and 296 511 CLARK OWEN 160 281 238 253 CLARK OWEN o N DUBOIS 231 CULPEPER to top of the Trenton/Lexington Limestone) DUBOIS 486 CULPEPER Serpent Mound ROBERTSON PAGE 398 ROBERTSON PAGE LEWIS GREENUP 176 PUTNAM LEWIS GREENUP 618 New York, and the Blue Mountain/Georgian Bay in Ontario; also 134 HENRY 239 2 330 HENRY PUTNAM 150 225 50 WEBSTER STAFFORD n WEBSTER STAFFORD Devonian 238 HARRISON OLDHAM 224 242 Partial funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy OLDHAM Impact Structure CLAY HARRISON CLAY 297 MADISON MADISON includes the "Utica" and "Point Pleasant") Well control with interesting lithologies beneath the Mt. Simon 187 236 Contract Number DE-FC26-03NT41856 LAWRENCE CRAWFORD FLOYD CABELL CRAWFORD FLOYD p CABELL 44 FLEMING 438 BOYD FLEMING 28 FRANKLIN SCOTT BOYD Partial funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy NICHOLAS 163 190 234 NICHOLAS 432 172 190 HIGHLAND o 400 395 410 HIGHLAND Silurian 250 295 SCOTT PIKE 28 150 POCAHONTAS GREENE KING GEORGE 450 POCAHONTAS GREENE KING GEORGE 267 288 ORANGE 315 ORANGE Contract Number DE-FC26-03NT41856 198 270 AUGUSTA r 418 458 AUGUSTA SHELBY 286 CARTER KANAWHA 411 SHELBY FRANKLIN CARTER KANAWHA 842 PERRY JEFFERSON 246 259 PERRY JEFFERSON HARRISON HARRISON c 282 SPOTSYLVANIA BOURBON SPOTSYLVANIA ENCER 215 349 261 NICHOLAS ENCER 431 584 NICHOLAS BOURBON 279 274 826 295 t 340 ROWAN 311 338 323 ROWAN 395 Deep-well sample/core would benefi t from new analyses. Trenton-Black River outcrop area 314 Ordovician BATH 308 346 361 LINCOLN 478 u BATH LINCOLN 788 ELLIOTT WAY NE BATH ELLIOTT WAY NE BATH 167 252350 358 WESTMORELAND 307 WOODFORD FAY ETT E WESTMORELAND Trenton-Black River outcrop area WOODFORD MONTGOMERY 300 331 SPENCER 336 349 SPENCER o ADAMS 174 334 359 BOONE MONTGOMERY BOONE 359 LAWRENCE ANDERSON LAWRENCE ANDERSON CLARK ALBEMARLE BULLITT 343 369 LOUISA CAROLINE Trenton-Black River gas pool/field BULLITT ALBEMARLE LOUISA CAROLINE HIGHLAND Ordovician-Cambrian 357 359 369 392 " 282 MEADE FAY ETT E 226 373 422 FAY ETT E MEADE FAY ETT E 415 ACCOMACK CLARK Fault HANCOCK 261 393 ROCKBRIDGE ESSEX 380 ESSEX ACCOMACK (cross section only) 244 377 381 395 RICHMOND NORTHUMBERLAND HANCOCK e 279 ROCKBRIDGE RICHMOND NORTHUMBERLAND MENIFEE 369 376 MENIFEE 305 315 245 343 GREENBRIER 260 279 GREENBRIER MORGAN 418 p MORGAN Neoproterozoic and/or Early Cambrian sediments and volcanics within fault-bounded basins. JESSAMINE 401 Trenton-Black River oil pool/field JESSAMINE 804 BRECKINRIDGE MERCER 187251 250 327 00 573 BRECKINRIDGE 515 0 10 20 30 40 miles NELSON 5 NELSON 463 245 356 522 FLUVANNA Utica extentFLUVANNA 405 o 460 Data point Neoproterozoic 250 349 407 JOHNSON 500 510 MERCER JOHNSON 211 260 286 POWELL 420 HANOVER 279 POWELL HANOVER WAS HINGTON 222 408 MINGO WAS HINGTONK MINGO (cross section only) 227 315 372 ALLEGHANY 280 ALLEGHANY HARDIN 423 442 457 452 LOGAN KING WILLIAM KING AND QUEEN LANCASTER HARDIN LOGAN KING WILLIAM KING AND QUEEN LANCASTER 214 310 419 414 NELSON GOOCHLAND Fault " MARTIN NELSON GOOCHLAND 170 258 450 456 211 MADISON 280 297 437WOLFE MARTIN MADISON WOLFE 329 Data points not corrected for structural dip 335 310 429 MAGOFFIN MIDDLESEX MAGOFFIN MIDDLESEX 0 10 20 30 40 50 kilometers 396 ESTILL 322 OHIO GARRARD 278 326 337 458 RALEIGH OHIO GARRARD 267 RALEIGH Mesoproterozoic 279 290 346 401 427 10 249 225 274 317 354 BOYLE Rhyolite clasts derived from erosion of EGR to the west. 223 342 Data point (cross section only) 233 ESTILL LEE 521 BOTETOURT LEE BOTETOURT 238 332 SUMMERS 209 SUMMERS LARUE MARION BOYLE 230 328 MARION 500 ft Index contour 344 WYOMING AMHERSTUticaBUCKINGHAM extent LARUE WYOMING BUCKINGHAM 198 226 AMHERST 218 217 232 283 334 334 BREATHITT 528 POWHATAN RICHMOND BREATHITT POWHATAN RICHMOND GRAYSON 309 NEW KENT GRAYSON NEW KENT 361 CUMBERLAND FLOYD CUMBERLAND 342 MONROE Data points not corrected for structural dip MONROE Fault 178 183 HENRICO GLOUCESTER MATHEWS HENRICO GLOUCESTER MATHEWS FLOYD PIKE CRAIG 299 PIKE CRAIG 189 LINCOLN 281 LINCOLN 50 ft Contour 128 JACKSON 531 520 JACKSON 295 344 229 227 CHESTERFIELD CHESTERFIELD Map showing generalized Proterozoic provinces of eastern North America. 1 mi 187 270 314 OWSLEY 432 NORTHAMPTON OWSLEY NORTHAMPTON TAYLOR 184 244 293 MERCER TAYLOR MERCER

GILES CHARLES CITY GILES CHARLES CITY Map of Ohio area showing shaded topographic relief, earthquake locations

261

322 250 ft Index contour Y URG R BU H C LYN 258 LYNCHBURG BUTLER HART 182 246 432 APPOMATTOX JAMES CITY BUTLER HART ROCKCASTLE 404 APPOMATTOX JAMES CITY CASEY 262 344 AMELIA CASEY AMELIA Thickness in Feet ROCKCASTLE 269 KNOTT MCDOWELL YORK KNOTT MCDOWELL YORK 167 170 355 278 BEDFORD BEDFORD BELLEFONTAINE EDMONSON 273 Regional Precambrian unconformity surface 265 PERRY EDMONSON PERRY Glacial Margin GREEN 170 275 270 282 430 GREEN Sauk subsidence rate map showing Ohio Platform OUTLIER BUCHANAN ROANOKE Modifi ed from Easton (1986). Trends discussed for poster shown. 273 271 ROANOKE 221 BUCHANAN ROANOKE ROANOKE 191184 198 261 50 ft Contour MICHIGAN BASIN APPALACHIAN BASIN 246 271 389 PRINCE GEORGE 400 PRINCE GEORGE 2650 210 A A' with year and relative intensities. Trends discussed for poster shown. 194 185 235 254 208 212 275 274 CAMPBELL PRINCE EDWARD CAMPBELL PRINCE EDWARD 187 238 264 260 CLAY 194 191 227 248 LAUREL 50 280 535 TAZ EWELL TAZ EWELL 271 2 228 230 230 262 SURRY 291 SURRY ADAIR 198 220 235 241 278 CLAY NEWPORT NEWS ADAIR 237 PULASKI NEWPORT NEWS 177 198 247 245 244 260 220257311 456 NOTTOWAY WARRE N 197 232 PULASKI 229 Thickness in Feet WARREN NOTTOWAY 168 213 207 223 239 239 269 274 HAMPTON 282 HAMPTON 179 209 241 260 257 321 DINWIDDIE LAUREL DINWIDDIE extending from the exposed craton in Ontario to the 213 213 227 239 167 238 LETCHER DICKENSON BLAND BLAND 207 172 LETCHER DICKENSON 184 207 212 RUSSELL 281 LESLIE MONTGOMERY RUSSELL LESLIE Proterozoic terrains and simple geomorphology beneath the Paleozoic. 200 209 216 MONTGOMERY BARREN 332 BARREN LOGAN 196 216 CHARLOTTE 850 LOGAN CHARLOTTE METCALFE 198 235 257 PULASKI METCALFE PULASKI WISE 268 section

WISE Bend in 199 187 LUNENBURG 293 ISLE OF WIGHT LUNENBURG ISLE OF WIGHT 0 185 218 302 FRANKLIN NORFOLK FRANKLIN SUSSEX SUSSEX NORFOLK 193 248 FLOYD FLOYD Reelfoot Rift system and separating the Michigan Basin 195 207 269 380 RUSSELL RUSSELL PORTSMOUTH 267 PORTSMOUTH 205 320 KNOX KNOX ALLEN WAY NE212 193 VIRGINIA BEACH ALLEN WAY NE VIRGINIA BEACH 275 WYTHE WYTHE SIMPSON CUMBERLAND 314 651 SIMPSON CUMBERLAND HARLAN 345 217 215 216 220 278 320 216 215 251 259 278 HARLAN PITTSYLVANIA PITTSYLVANIA 186 228 340 347 MONROE 271 276 MONROE WHITLEY 247 194 212 200 LEE CLINTON 265 292 275 BRUNSWICK 0 CLINTON MCCREARY LEE BRUNSWICK 239 242 216 258 236 285 412 307 from the Rome Trough and Appalachian Shelf. Modifi ed 220 MCCREARY 226 SCOTT HALIFAX SOUTHAMPTON SCOTT HALIFAX SOUTHAMPTON 230 233 219 233 280 WHITLEY 380 480 CHESAPEAKE CHESAPEAKE GRANITE-RHYOLITE EAST CONTINENT RIFT BASIN GRENVILLE PROVINCE 239 285 BELL BELL Earthquakes 271 278288 SMYTH SUFFOLK 246 234 258 263 289 402 WAS HINGTON CARROLL WAS HINGTON SMYTH CARROLL SUFFOLK PROVINCE OBERTSON 292 PATRICK MECKLENBURG OBERTSON PATRICK MECKLENBURG 231 238 223 243 259 257 308 GREENSVILLE GREENSVILLE 258 278 GRAYSON HENRY GRAYSON HENRY MACON 244 212 270 300 MACON PICKETT SUMNER CLAY SUMNER PICKETT 294 CLAY from Sloss (1988). Trends discussed for poster shown. 329 DANVILLE DANVILLE CLAIBORNE CLAIBORNE HANCOCK HANCOCK TROUSDALE Pre-Grenville terrane boundary after Whitmeyer and Karlström, 2007 Pre-Grenville terrane boundary after Whitmeyer and Karlström, 2007 FENTRESS TROUSDALE FENTRESS SMITH SMITH No major trends following a new Grenville lineament. A hint of a wide alignment with JACKSON CAMPBELL Proposed and revised GMF this paper JACKSON SCOTT CAMPBELL Proposed and revised GMF this paper SULLIVAN SCOTT UNION JOHNSON UNION SULLIVAN JOHNSON OVERTON OVERTON HAWKINS GMF after Drahouzal, 1992 HAWKINS Map of bedrock geology of Ohio showing GMF lineament (blue line) and GMF after Drahouzal, 1992 WASHINGTON

CARTER WAS HINGTON CARTER

DAVIDSON GRAINGER PUTNAM MORGAN DAVIDSON PUTNAM MORGAN GRAINGER WILSON GREENE WILSON GREENE HAMBLEN ANDERSON ANDERSON HAMBLEN northern part of GMF in Bowling Green Fault and Findlay Arch. CUMBERLAND proposed new Grenville lineament (red line). Trends discussed for poster RUTHERFORD DEKALB CUMBERLAND KNOX JEFFERSON COCKE UNICOI RUTHERFORD DEKALB KNOX JEFFERSON COCKE UNICOI shown. Isopach mapping

Trenton isopach map with form lines along facies boundaries and thickness trends. Modifi ed from Baranoski and Riley (2011). Trends discussed for poster shown. Isopach map of Kope/Utica/Point Pleasant interval with form lines along facies boundaries and thickness trends. Modifi ed from Baranoski and Riley (2011). Trends NNW alignment of Mt. Simon and Eau Claire isopach. discussed for poster shown.