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The Terrible and Destructive Human Tragedy of Subaltern Kashmir in the Light of Agha Shahid Ali’S Poetry Dr

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The Terrible and Destructive Human Tragedy of Subaltern Kashmir in the Light of Agha Shahid Ali’S Poetry Dr International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS) Vol-2, Issue-6, Nov - Dec, 2017 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.2.6.18 ISSN: 2456-7620 The Terrible and Destructive Human Tragedy of Subaltern Kashmir in the light of Agha Shahid Ali’s poetry Dr. Mohd Yousuf Khan1, Peer Salim Jahangeer2 1B.Ed. M.Phil (English), Ph.D., Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa, MP, India 2M. Phil English, M.Ed, Ph.D (English), Research Scholar, Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa, MP, India Abstract— Ali depicted in general the terrible and of the writers who, signing the letter to the New York destructive human tragedy of subaltern but in particular he Times editor in 1989 to protest the fatwa against Rushdie, put forth the subaltern voice of Kashmir in the landscape of clarified that the movement against Rushdie was in fact his poetry, and this novelty emerges from the chaos of “antithetical to the Islamic traditions of learning and Kashmir. He had been educated in English and he tolerance.” He has developed broad vision in his life develops the interest in English language and literature. So because he was firstly nourished in such family, and also he English literature has influenced him and his behavior had spends most of his life in West. So he had become changed accordingly that he became well aware about accustomed with social and secular life. As literature is postcoloniality. He wants to get rid from these clenches all reflection of life and he also reflected his life through his the countries of the world as well as his motherland poetry. Thus his poems evidenced his emotion of loss, his Kashmir which he also represented in his poetry. He is associations, recollections, memories, visions also extremely worried not only with his previously colonized represented his individuality. With the help of his poetic home ‘the Indian subcontinent, particularly the region of creation he produced a national awareness on the Kashmir’ but also with other cultures subject to the international measurement. If his poetry can communicate repercussion of colonialism and the modern neocolonial the sentiment of exile and loss of home, his imagination can order. He writes poetry of ‘compassionate surpass uprootedness and can help him to take pleasure in cosmopolitanism,’ which, fixed in his multi-cultural his multinational approach. Keya Majumdar pertinently tradition, not only foregrounds an ethics of empathy across says: countrywide and civilizing limitations but also implies an Inventing, investigating and refashioning the self assessment of colonial and neo-colonial power. His with all its fractured bits is the problem of all cosmopolitanism is especially meaningful if read in the diasporic writings, especially poetry. context of postwar American travel poetry and enables Kashmir, for the majority of Western readers, may review of the association between “home” and “foreign,” only be a remote and mystical place, seldom encountered in between local issues and universal apprehensions. literary or cultural scenes. His poems witness and also Keywords— human tragedy, subaltern, Kashmir, expose American readers to the suffering in the remote apprehensions. landscapes they might usually ignore either by lack of information or incorrect information. In the preface to his Ali’s poetry is like a vessel for the history, poetry, translation of Faiz Ahmed Faiz‘s poems, The Rebel‘s politics- an extraordinary combination since “political Silhouette, Ali notes, “In Faiz‘s poetry, suffering is seldom, poems” often become propagandist or factional. His poetry, perhaps never, private […]. Though deeply personal, it is superb in its use of language: the dramatic metaphors, the almost never isolated from a sense of history and marvelous combinations and the merge of the genuine with injustice”(n.pag.). The same thing can be said about his own the strange, remain poems and don’t weaken into work. As a Kashmiri native, his witnessing departs from sloganeering. He had all the times enthusiastically revolted miserable, nostalgic personal feelings and develops into a against the narrow-mindedness shown by the so called sympathetic international view of the world. Kashmir in this preachers who use the religion for their benefit. He was one witnessing becomes a point connected to other locations in www.ijels.com Page | 121 International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS) Vol-2, Issue-6, Nov - Dec, 2017 https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.2.6.18 ISSN: 2456-7620 the world map both historically and in the present. The Culture: A Reading of Agha Shahid Ali’s Poetry” rather “personal” homesickness, nostalgia, and lament for “Lamentation of this lost Kashmir is scattered throughout the death of Kashmiri natives are made intensely political, the poetry of Agha Shahid Ali. He finds the culture, ethos, as the depicted Kashmir without doubt leads to an beauty of his beloved homeland being ripped, there are assessment of power. On one of the unusual occasions it movements in his poetry which show his inability to does appear, in the beginning of Salman Rushdie‘s well- comprehend the face of his homeland, which has now known novel “Midnight‘s Children”, Kashmir, before changed into a place “where shrines which were once partition, was described by what is called once paradise on revered by masses, are now being turned into ashes. Curfew the earth. So he presents Kashmir as paradise in several of and gunfire have replaced the melodious springs and saffron his poems, which was the reality of that time. But time has farms (Zaidi)”.Thus he writes “At certain point I lost track changed the blooming paradise into the flaming hell by of you”. His verses take our attention towards “internal different agencies and Ali is the brave who represent the colonialism” and seek to explain the subordinate the status contemporary bleeding Kashmir in his poetry. He captures of a state within its own country.” According to Javeria moments from these recent contrasts of the past with the Khurshid, in an article Literary Responses to the help of some factual episodes of present situation and Catastrophic 90s in the Un-Silent Valley: The Comparative represents them in his poems. If Rushdie makes visible a Study of Agha Shahid Ali, Bashart Peer, and Mirza harmonious Kashmir that belongs to the past, Ali‘s Kashmir Waheed). “In 1990s there was demoralization and atrophy poems reveal the current reality, marked by blood, despair, in the valley giving rise to total anarchy. A turmoil had and darkness caused by complicated inter-national and started in the earthly paradise, with turbulent political as inter-religious politics. The current situation of Kashmir can well as social activity taking place, devastating a common be exposed by the words of Ananya Jahanara Kabir as “ man’s life pushing the youths to take up arms and turning Disappeared youth, raped women, intracommunal the whole state upside down in the upheaval. Every now breakdown, interrupted childhoods, traumatized soldiers, and then, Kashmir and its prolonged insurgency makes and above all the thickness of rumour turned the region into headlines and talk about the tragedy as if it were mere a veritable ‘space of death’” (9-10). As Patrick Colm statistics but since 2008, the literary response to the Hogan has noted, Rushdie soon moves away from Kashmir catastrophic tragedy has gone through a process of and later suggests a tragic future for Kashmir in his book, renaissance. Although this literary reaction was well started yet the real situation is even more bleak and complicated by Agha Shahid Ali, the genius who made the literary world than Rushdie suggests (539). Since partition, Kashmir has take note of Kashmir’s ability to crate startling English been transformed into a place of tensions and catastrophes: Literature. Since 2008, both Baharat Peer and Mirza This conflict between an indigenous tradition of Waheed wrote about brutalized Kashmir, of turbulent times practical identity that tends toward harmonization and and the unfaltering hope in spite of the void that has been an alien system of categorical identities that aligns created. They gave the poignant tale of 1990s sufferings a religious affiliation with nationhood in sets of rigid literary expression and wove tales together that portray the antitheses—Muslim against Hindu, Pakistan against reaction of people to this cataclysm.” In fact, looked at this India—this conflict is no doubt one important cause of way, Kashmiri-English writing owes its genesis to Agh the pain and cruelty that have been so evident in Shahid as his inheritance develops a sense of responsibility Kashmir in recent years. (Hogan 539) among some creative writers from Kashmir who are Agha Shahid Ali is a Kashmiri American poet; he encouraged by him to write upon their motherland as can be referred as the poet who writes about the anxiety, faithful sons. It is, for that reason, that there was an increase anguish and tyranny imposed on the people of his in Kashmiri writing in English from the writing of Ali due motherland. There is a continuous sense of slaughter and to the influence of his poetry. So, it is Ali, who is a clear expression of grief with political feeling of complaint literary/psychological model for younger writers like Peer omnipresent throughout his poetry. He mourns the Bashrat and Mirza Waheed, who wrote “The Curfewed trouncing of a paradise which is now sunken in the flood of Nights” and “The Collaborator” respectly, providing for blood of common masses gunned down by different stong intertextual links between the trio. Rahul Pandita’s agencies. According to a scholar of Guru Gobind Singh “Our Moon has Blood Clots” has also the same voice. Indraprastha University Dwarka -New Delhi India Mansi Basharat Peer’s record about the valley titled “Curfewed Mehra M.
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