~f~~) q't. ~l'f(1f 26 or1~, 1982 'il'm'f it 'f~r{.f~~T~ . FOREWORD
The District Census handbooRi (DCB), compiled by the Census organisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DeH is constantly referred to by. planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter-alia used for delimitation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to District administration. The district census handbooil is the only publication which provides Primary Census Abstract (peA) data upto village level for the rural areas and wardwisc for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and ameni~ies n villages and towns, etc.
The district census handboo~ series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important census taales and PCA for each village Bnd town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCB was enlarged and it contained a de$criptive account of the district, administrative statistiCs, census tables village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts.. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town peA and Part-C compri. sed analytical report, administrative sta tistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages. Bov.ever, in some states it was confined to district census tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing.
While designing the format of 1981 DeB series some new features alcng with the rtstlUcturing of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, compari.lbility with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the di~tance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is availablo may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporatirg more exhaustive data on infra~tructure asrect particularly III relation to amenities and land-me p,Jtlern is expected to further met t the "eed of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help net only in I, cill ~\1 ea planning but regu!ating thtl provision of goods Rnd services as well so as to miDI mise tile Ngional imball.n· ces in tbe process of development. A few new items of information have also been intIOduced to meec some of the requirements of the Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health wb-centIes, and corrmunity health workers in the \ Wage have been introduced in the village directory wlih this cbjtcti'llts in mind. The new item on approach to the village is tv L: 'lie an idea about the vill:;gts in the district which are inaccesible. A new column, "total population and numbe. of hcuseholds" has been introduced to ex.am1ne the correlation of the amenitif s with the population and number of bOllseohlds they serve. Addition of (wo more appendices llsti"g lhe villagts where no ame· initles are available and according to the propol tl0n of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes popula~ion to the total popUlation bas also been ma',e with this vicw in mind.
The formats of the to"n directory have also been modified to meet tbe reqnirements of the Minimum Ne!d. Programme b) prJViJlOg iuformation on a few new item A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums tn class-J and class-II towns (Statement IV-A) has been intrcduced with tbis orjecti'/e i 1 miGd. It is expe~ted that this wiII help the planners to chalk out progrrmmes on providon of civic amenities fl,r the imprnveraent of slums. The columns no Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population in sta~ement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in statement V are also added inter-alia wtib this IV
,iew. A significant addition is class of town in all the seven statements orthe town directory. The infrastructuro of ame.litiel in Ufllan areas of the country can be bOlt analysed by taking the class of towns into consi. deration. The addition of the columns on civic administr ltion statu~ and plpillation in a .few statements also serves this purpose.
The format of the primary census abstract for the villageg and town, hag been formu1ated;n the light of changea in the economic and oth:r questions canvassed through the individual slip of 1981 census.
In order to avoid delay in publication pf 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part-A of the yolumc contains villago and town directory aod Part-B the peA of villages and tONns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes peA upto Tahsil{foRn lovols. At the beginning of the OCH a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tableS based on PCA and non-census data in relation to tho infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. Tile district and tahsil/p>licl station/CD Block etc., level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been insetted at appropriate places, to fUrther enhance the value of the publication.
This publication is a jOint venturi of the State Government anJ the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the Stae under the direction of Shri K. C. Dubey, the Director of 6ensus Operations, Madhya Pradelh on behalf of the State Government which has borne the cost of printing. The task! of planning. designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Shti N.G Nal, Depu ty Registrar General (Social Studies) of my office. Dr. B.K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been IcruUnised in the Social Studies Division a~ the headquarters under the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Se'lior , Research Officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in the projeet.
New Dolhi P. PADMANABHA tbo 26htApril, 1981 REGISTRAR GENERAL, INDIA PREFACE
One of the most important pubtications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. Tbls publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was releasecl in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contain. only village names and total population thereof. The 1951 Census could, therefore, be said to present a significant ~tep in the process of making detailed Cemus statistics available down upto the Village level.
In fact the District Censu!l Handbook, is the most important publication at the Census and is tlso perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development Block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerabl~ change since 1951. This ia basi. cally due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well 8S with 8 view to making the basic statiCltics available with the data users as early as l'oasible tho District Census Hand books have been split into 2 parts. Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the District and Town/Villaae Directory. This Volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistics availab!e at one place. Part-B also contains the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the present Census has been in term of allotll'!~nt of Locatior, Code number. to the villages. In the earlier censuses the Location Code system was such that tbe villages of a Patwarl Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the patwari circlo still remains an important administrative unit, the Location Code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it mly b .. pOI,iblc to locate all the villages of a particulat Patwari Circle at one place one below the other.
When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 tbe tansils were still revivable as an impor tant unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the Unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blocltwise data available. Since these requests were received very late and were also received only in an infurmal maDner. i' has not bet'n possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional eXl:rcise has been done and In addilion to the tahsil figures hlnclcwise fiq'ueq have also heen indicated. It is hoped \hat the availability uf ttles¢ blockwbJ2 data will enhance the utility of this publication.
Tt i!: ho~ed that thi!l h~.,dhook will nfOvide the basic stati~ticul support to executiv~ ard develor" mental administration. It is needless to state tbat the proper implementation of policy depends on the ability of the administration authorities concerned.
It may be remembered that the viUagewise alca figures givAn in tt.e Primary Censlls Absfract and the Village Directory are those based on the village papetS while the tahsil tOlals given in peA are obtalnc~ . rom the Land Records departmmt which in many cases exclude forcst area. VI
The statistics that are contained in the district census handbooks are tho result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilation of the staJi sties contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation Offices each under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of purely temporary staff toughly about 1,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supenisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the editing and basi. compilation of more than nearly 522 lakh slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the HeadquarterS and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collective and cooperative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic SectIon of my office. However, the analytical note has ,been prepared by Shri K.G. Bapana, Tabulation Officer, and edited by Shri M L. Sharma, Oy. Director, Census Operations.
I am thankful tn all who have contributed to bring this publication possible. The Census Organis ation is also grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for having been so kind as to undertake the publication of these handbooks and to the Controller. Printing and Stationery, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal and his staff for the Printing arrangements made. The inspiration behind this ambitious venture i. that· of our indefatigable Registrar Gent:'ral, Shri P. Padmanabha, to whom we are all deeply greateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from him and his section.
K.C.DUBBY Bhopal Director of Consus Operations, laomashtmi 31. August, 1983. Madhya Pradesh. 75' IS' 30' 45' 30'
MADHYA PRADESH DISTRICT INDORE
4 2 0 4 $ 12 M'LEs
23' ~4 1 0 4- a 12- 16 KILOMETRE,I 23' 00' O~
REFERENCE BOUNDARY, DISTRIC' .. . TAHSil ...... 5' 45' HEADQUARTERS' . 'STRICT, HI NATIONAL HIGH JM. NHI STATE HIGHWAY .. Sill
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HOlf-FOifSI AilAS SHOWN ARI HOllLAISIFlfO POST AND TELEGRAPH OFFICE " . rIO DEGREE COLLEGE AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTION. l!J, [iJ OAK BUNGALOW,REST HOUSE ...... D8,li
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© iOifRNKWOfINOIAIOPYRliHl,19II. IMPORTANT STATISTICS MADHYA PRADESH Indore Dlstrloa populatlou Total Persona 52,178,844 1,409,473 Males 26,886,30S 742,459 Females 25,292,539 667,014 Rural Persons 41,592,385 480,04' Males 21,266,321 248.783 Females 20,326,064 ~31,262 Urban Persons 10,586,459 929,428 Males 5,619,984 493,676 Females 4,966,475 435.752 Decennial Population Growth Rate 1971-81 25.27 37.49 Area (Sq. Kms.) 443.446.0 .3,898.0 Density of Population (Per Sq. Kms.) 118 362 Sex-ratio (Number of Females_per 1000 Males) 941 898 Literacy rate Persons 27,81 49.00 Males 39.49 60.07 FelUalell 15.53 36.68 Percentage of urban population to total population .. 20.29 6'.94 Percentage to totlll popuJlltioQ (i) Main Workers Persons 38.41 32.08 Males 53 .52 49.78 Females 2i.35 12.37 (ii) Marginal Worken Persons 4.52 1.67 Males 0,96 0.48 Fema:e3 8.30 3.00 (iii) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 -66.25 Males 4!!.52 49.74 Females 69.33 .84.63 Break-up of Main Workers (perceptal" IiIDLPg P1alp workers) (i) Cultivators Persons 51_96 19.27 Males 53.81 18.69 Females 47.28 21.81 (ii) A¥ricllltlllal Laboufera Persons 24,24 Hi ••7 Males 17,81 10.83 Females 40.61 41.78 (iii ) Household Industry Persons 3.n 2.44 Male;; 3,36 2.35 female> 3,93 2 84 (iv) Other Workers Persons 20,28 61.82 _Males 25.02 68.13 Females 8.18 33 .51 Percentage of Scheduled Castes Persons 14,10 1$,63 population to total population Males 14.16 J.5.047 Females 14.04 15.81 Percentage of Scheduledj Tribes Persons 22.97 4.74 population to total population Males 22.33 4.72 females 23.66 4.76 Number of occupied residential houses 1.929,190 228.'.8 Number of VlI1ages Total 76,603 GS4 Inhabited 71.429* 637+ Uninhabited S,174 .... 17 Numt'f of ~VWll! 327 S * Includes 77 inhabited villages" hicb have been treated whoJ]yas urban olltll'owtb of nearby Clty!TOWD • •• Includes 58 uninhabited villages of which Abadi Area have been merced In nearby City/TOWD. + Ineludc 1 inhabited village which bas been treated wbolly as urban olltaroMh of nearby OtyfTowa.
A4(~~lE+1ifi recq:QJt ANALYTICAL NOTE
XI
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note gives the meanings and explanation of be ensured and which would provide basis for analy tcrms and concepts used in this Handbook. This is noce sing of figures and urbanization in the country. But Isary because, with.ut a proper grasp of the meanings it has to be remembered that the urban criterion of of 1uch simple concepts as building, house, household, 1981 varies slightly from that of 1961 and 1971 Cen worker etc.. it is not possible to appreciate the data suses in that the males working in activities such a. pre3cnted in the Handbook. Thus, one who does not fishing, logging. etc. were treated as engaged in non know that an unpretentious hut in the thick of Bastar agricultural activity and therefore contributed to tbo forests with unplastered bamboo walls and a thatched 75 ./. criterion in 1961 and 1971 Censuses, whereas in roof and with'space hardly enough for two cots is not the 1981 Census these activities are treated as on pal' a bit less of a building than the Indian versions of with cultivation and agricultural labour for tho the skye~crapers in one of tbe metropolitan cities, or purpose of this criterion. that a central jail housing all manners of criminals and shady characters is as much household as the home Applying the criteria described above, a lilt of }told of the most pious and god-fearing citizen in the 327 towns was finalised and it is these 327 towns which State, may not be able to appreciate what exactly the are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1'81 figures represent. Census. The Additional Secretary to the Govern ment of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern ments as back as 10th May, 1979. requesting them RURAL/URBAN: to ensure thl.t no changes are made in the jurisdiction It has been the tradition of tbe Indian Cen!lus to pre and boundaries of municipalIties and revenue villages, sent the census data for rural and urban areas separa tahsils. SUb-divisions and districts during the period tely. In fact, in all the Censuses througbout tbe world from 1.1.1980 to 30.6.1981. However. subsequent to tbis classification of census data into rural and urban our finalisation of rural and urban frame the Stato units is generally recognised. However, distinction Government in the Local Government Department between rural and urban is not yet amenable to a notified many places as notified areas and municipalitiest. single definition which would be applicable to all Such places have not been treated as towns for the countries. purpose of Census and the Secretary to Government in the Local Government Department had agreed to the The definition of an urban unit at the 1971 Census arrangments. Similarly the State Government raised the was as follows :- status of 6 municipal committees to that of municipal corporations. These new municipal .corporations aro (a) . All places with a municipality, corporation. also treated as municipal committees. cantonment board or notified town area; While dealing with the aubject of rural and urban (b) All otber places which satisfied the following break up mention may be made of the area under the criteria; Special Area Development Authority. The Special (i) A minimum population of 5,000 ; Area Development Authority have been constituted under the Madbya Pradesh Nagar Tatha Gram Nivesh (ii) At least 75 per cent of male workinK popula Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the power to function tion engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and as a municipality so far as the municipal management of that area is concerned. The limits of these Special (iii) A density of pop~ation of atleast 400 per Areas include large portions of rural areas comprisin• • q. Km. (1,000 per sq. miles). number of villages .ituated around the core town 011 The same criteria is retained at the 1981 Census so village of such Special area. For example Orcbha it also tha~ comparability with the previous Census could a SADA area in Tikamgarh district but there is no XII town in this area. Similarly, Malanjkhand in Balagbat town and (iii) in all probability tsis entire *a should district, Bheraghat in Jabalpur district, Mandav in get fully urbanised in a peri.d of two or thr.e decades' Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA areas Certain Standard Urban Areas were determined on but there is no urban area within that. The objective this basis in 1971 and some basic data were presen of the SADA areas perhaps is to control the future ted for 1951, 1961 and 1971 for such areas and thei~ development of these areas in a planned manner and components. Similar data have b~en presented for that is all. It was, therefore, not considered desirable the Standard Urban Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to treat such SADA areas at par with other urban to present basic data for these areas for four to five bodies like municipal corporat ions, munIcipal decades so that the urbanisation process in those areas committees etc., and only that part of it is treated as can be studied. However, there have been mini urban which is really so. As such in the Korba SADA mum changes in the constituent units of the Standard area only Korba town has been treated as urbao and Urban Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those est of the area remains in the rural frame. of 1971, but tbe list of Standard Urban Areas remains unchanged. URBAN AGGLOMERATION: SIZE CLASS OF TOWNS: Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of urban agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 Census. The urban areas af'! classifie d into 6 classes Very often large railway co10nies, uni'.ersity campuses, referred to as towns of (lass I to VI. The classifi.. port are;::s, r;~ili' ary . camps, etc. come up outside the cation is !>hown below - sta1utory limits of the city rr town but adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves qualify to be treated Class I 100,000 and above as tOVl ns but if they form a contiguous spread Class II 50,000 to 99,996 with the towns, they are outgrowths of the town and Class III 20,000 to 49,999 deserve to be treated as urban. Such towns together Class IV 10,000 to 19,999 with their cutgrowths have been treated as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban Class V 5,000 to 9,999 agglomeration may constitute: Class VI Less than 5,000 It is customary to treat a town having a popu (a) A city with continuou~ outgrowth, (the part of outgrowth being outside tbe statutory limits lation of 1 lac and above as a city. but falling within the boundaries of the adjo CENSUS HOUSE: ining village or villages) ; A Census House is a building or part etf a building (b) One town with similar outgrowth or two or having a separate main entranc" from the road or more adjoining towns with their outgrowth. common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or recogni as in (a): or sed as a separate unit. It may be occupied or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non-residential (c) A city and one or mOlc adjoinil1g towns with purpose or both their outgrowths all of which form a conti nuous spread. If a building had a number of flats or blocks STANDARD URBAN AREA: which were independent of one another baving ~eparato entrances of their own from the road or a common A new concept of Standard Urb.ln Area iOlro staircase or a common courtyard le:::.ding to a main duced i'l J971 Census \\'ill also h: followed for the gate, they have been considered as a separate census 1981 Cenl'>U:i. The essential requirements for the houses. constitutioR. of a Standatd Urban Area are; In some cases, however it WaS difficult to apply (i) It should have a core town of a mlDlmUm the definition strictly. For example, in an urban area, popUlation of 50,000 (ii) the contiguous areas made a flat haa five rooms, e;'ch having - direct entrance to up of other urban as well as rural admini~tratjve units the common staircase or courtyard which by definition Ihould ha"e mutual socio-economic links with the core bad to be treated as five Census houses. If all these five rooms were found occupied by single household By this amendment, area restrictions for most of the entire flat was treated as one census house. In such Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been cases singleness of use was taken into cOlHideration to removed. However, the area restriction still remains avoid undue proliferation of the number of census in respect of Dhobi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore houses. districts) ; Kotwal and Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewel, An occupied residential census house means a Guna, Gwalioc, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mand,aur, census houi;e which is actually used for residential pur Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam. Shajapur, Shivpuri. Ujjain poses, either wholly or partly by one or more and V idibba Districts) and Kumbar (in Chhatarpaf, households. Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi an. Tika mgach districts) Scheduled Castcs. Likewi6e Keer and HOUSEHOLD: Pardhi Scheduled Tribes are still restricted only in The term household in census is defined as a Bhopal, Raiosen and Sehore districts; Mina in Sironj group of persons who commonly Jive together and sub-division of Vidisha distric t; Panika in Chhatar would tako their meals from a common kitchen unless pur, Datia, Panna, .l{ewa, Satnl, Sh &t dol, Sidhi, and the exigencies of work prevented anyone of them f{om Tikamgarh districb; Pardh i, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita doing so. There may be a household of persons Pardhi, Langoli Pard hi, Phanse Pard hi, Sbikari, Taka related by blood or a household of unrelated per·o 15 nkar, Takia in (1) Bastar. Chhind"ara, MandJa, or having a mix of both. Examples of unrelated hous Raigarb, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2.) Ba;har tabsil eholds are baarding houses, messess, hostel~, reside of Balaghat district, (3) BetuJ and Bhainsdehi tahsils of ntial hotels, rescue homes, jails, "Ashrams" etc., These Betul district, (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tahsils of arc called institutional households. There may be Bilaspur district, (S) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg one member households, two member households or district, (6) Chow ki, Many::ur and M(!)bsla Revenue multi -member households. For cenSUI purposes, each Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) Mur one of these types is regarded as a 'household'. wara, Patan and Sihora tansils of Jabalpur district, (8) There are three types of households viz, normal, Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsi Is of HOFhsIlgabad institutional a<'d house less households. A bouseless and Narsimhapur di~trict, (9lHarsud tahf,il of Kbandwa household is that which is normally found to be district, (10) Bindra- NawagaJ h, Dhamtari and Maha· residing on the road side, pavements, in hume pipes simund tahsils of Raipur district. under staircases, or in open, temple, mandaps, platforms and the like. Institutional honseholds have Persons belonging to the castes/tribes mentioned been explained above. Those households which do above found in the districts other than those where not fall in the category of Institutional households and Scheduled have not been treat cd ai scheduled castes or houseless households have been categorised as Normal ~cheduled tribes as the ca,e may be. It may be households. The enumerator was required to indicate mentioned here that scheduled castes can belong to the Hindu or tbe Sikh religion only. while the sched in tho Household Schedule whether the household uled tribes belong to any religion. The list of Scho belonged to 'Institutional household' or 'Houseless duled Castes and Sch('duled Tribes relating to Madhya household'. For institutional '1° was written against the question 'Type of household' and '()' was indica Pradesh relevant to 1981 census hal been given imme diately after tbis 1I0te as Annexure-I. ted in th~ ca~e of houseless household. For normal hoa sehold, no entry was required to be made. LITERATES AND EDUCATED PERSOl'S : The enumeration of institutional households was done in the manner the normal households were A person who ~an both read and write with unde onumerated during the enumeration period from 9th rstanding in any lang\1age is treated as literate. Person February to 28th February, 198 Ii The houseless hou who can merely read but cannot write. is not literate. seholds were enumerated on the night of 28th February, 1981. It is not necessary that a person who is literate sh012ld havr; rec:ivcd any formal education or shculd have SCH2DULEJ CASTES AND SCEHDULED TRIBES passed any minimum educational standard.
Scheduled Cast.s and Scheduled Tribcs are those The tell for literacy was necessary only when the found in the Notification of S"heduled Castes/Schedu enumerator had allY doubt about any person returning I,d Tribes Order (Amcndment) Ac~, 1976 (108 of 1976) aa 'literate'. The tes~ for literacy was ability to rea4:al, XIV
portion of the Enumerator's Instruction Booklot and to divide the popUlation into two broad groups, viz., to write a simple letter. Ability merely to lign one's name was not considered adequate to qualify a (1) thOle who have worked any time at all during person as being able to write with understanding. If the last year, and (2) those who have not worked a1 a person claimed to be literate in some other language all. with which the enumerator was not familiar, the respo ndent's word was taken as correct. The latter group consist of the non-workers. This information is obtained in Q.14-A. Having classified the All children of the age of 4 years or leSI were population into two groups, the next attempt has been ~reated as illeterate even if they might be going to to classify those who have worked any time into Main ~hool and had picked up reading and writing a few workers and Marginal workers on the basis of time words. spent on work as well as secondary work, if any. of the Main workers. If a person had worked for six months CLASSIFICATION OF WORKERS BY or more ~180 days or more) he was treated as Main INDUSTRIAL CATEGORY; worker and if the period of work was less than six At the 1981 Census. the tjuestioos which were months be was regarded as a Marginal worker. canvassed in the Individual slip to elicit information In Q.l5B details of secondary work or marginal work! on economic characteristics of the population were as are obtained. Finally an attempt has bel'D made to' follows :- determine whether those who are fion-workers or marg inal workeIs are seeking or are available for work. 1. Q 14A Worked any time at all last Year 7 Yes It will thus be seeD that these questions on econo (H/STjDjR/Bjl,O) No mic aspect~ have been so designed as to identify all workers, full time workers or seasonal workers or Q 14B If yes in 14A. did y,..,u work for major marginal workers and non-workers with reference to part of last year ? Yes (1 )/No (2) the activities during the last one year period pIior to.the date of enumel ation. II. Q 15A Main activity laH ) ear?
Yes in 14B(CfALi~mI/OW) The variou, term~ and definitions med in collecting No in 14B (H/S1iDRjBjI/O) the economic data have been explained briefly in the following p~T1l6raphs . . 14B Yes-Any other \\l (k any time last year? ____Y_c_s_:__(C_,_/Al/f-:_r I IIOW)jNo DEFINITION OF WORK: Q lS.B 14B No-Work dOGe a' 'I tjrre last year? Work has heen defined (IS participation in any (C/AL/HHI;O'N) econc mically prL'J ucti ve activi ty. Such pet rti;;ipation may be physical or mental in nature. Work involves III. Q 16 If No in 14A or 14:l, seekingjavdl.lble for not only actual work but als.o effective supervision and work? Yes (l)/No~2) dire_s:tion of work.
The above questions were form ulat~d after detailed For persons on regular employment or engaged in discussion at the Data User's Conkrence aud technical regular type of work, te 11' porary absence during tho group. At the 1961 and 1971 C;nsuses, the economic reierence p.:riod on aCCOUn' of Illness, b')hday, ten:po qucitions were based on aitfere", dpproaches. namely, rary cJo!>ure, strike etc., was not a disqualification for usual stdtus and current status, were adopted '" ith treating them as W()t kers. reference pCliod of one year and one week for seasonal and fOT regular work rerpectlwly. Current status Persons under training, such as apprentices, with approach was thought to be irrelevant in the c:>ntext or without stipenl2s or W:lg~~ were also treated as of our country where usual status of a worker is consi \'(orkers. In the caSe of a pel son who had been offered dered to be more appropriate. work but bad not act ually joined, he was not treated as a worker. Rent [t:ceiv::rs, prn,ioners etc., were The above questions are in three parts and have not treated a, ecoDomica'iy active, uniess they also been designed in such a way that first of all it attempts engaged themselves in some econo.nic activity. XV
In all these question!:, the reference period i& the catetories of the 1961 ar.d the 1971 Cemusee. The "'fie year; preceding the date of enumeration. Ceil.in nll1e categories of the 1971 (eD~US ","ere (i) Cultivator, 'ypes of work such as agriculture. bom.bold industry Oi) Agricultural labourer, (iii) Livestock, Forestry, like gur making etc, are carried on either throughout Fishing, Hunting & Plantations, Orchards & aWed the year or only during certain ~ Clasons or part of the activities; (iv) Mining. (v) Manufacturing, Processi ';ear, depending on n.e loc<:lllirrumstanct s. In all su('h ng and st:rvicing Wilb sub-categorie~ (a) At Household 'cases lhe lefereDle pnicd has been the broad tin:e Industry and (b) other than Household Industry span of agricultural Sea"ODI'> preceding the enUrLcra- (vi) Cons'ruction, (vii) T;ade and Commerce, (viii) tion. Transport, Slurage and Ccmmunica tions; and (ix) Other worker.. Tbe correspondeoce between tho MAIN WORKERS categories of 1981 and 1971 are as uuder-
The main workers are those who have worked 1981 Categories 1971 Categories for a major part of the year preceding" the enumera I I tion. Main activity of a person "'ho was engaged in II II more than one activity was reckoned in terms of time III V{A) disposit;on. For example, if a person had worked as IV III, IV, V(b), VI, VII, VIII & IX daily wage tal-ourer for 4 months, as an agricultural CTJLTIVATOR: labourer for 1 month and as cultivator for 2 m0nfhs,
he was treated as a Main worker on the basis of For purpo~es of Census a person is working as tJtal t:me spent on work and his main aClivity have cultivator if he or she is engaged eirher as employer. been reckoned as DaiJy W2ge Labourer since he spent single worker or family worker in cultivation of land major part of bis time on work: in this activity than as owned or held from Go\'ernmcnt or held from private cultivator or ag!icultut~llabourel'. persons or institutions fer payment in ;non(y, kind or MARG1NAL WOP KERS share. Cultivatl,"ln involves ploughing, ,,,,wing and harve Marginal wOikerli are those who ~av
NON-WORKERS: AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS;
Non-worktrs constitute of householders. students, Persons working in anorher presrns land for wages dependents, retired persons or rentiers, be~gars, inma in money, kind or share hlilve been treated 88 agricuHv· tes of jn~tjtution8, unemployed persons etc. They are ral labollrers AD Dgricultural labourer has no rLk: pers.)ns who have not worked any time at all in the III the cultj "alion and he h \s no right of lease cr year preceding the enumeration. contract on land ou which be works.
MAIN ACTIVITY OF WORKERS: HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY:
The main activity of workers has been classified Household Industry is defined as an industry I nto four categories viz., cu1tivator. agriculturallabo .conducted by the head of the household himself/herself urer, household industry and other work in the PC A and or by the membeu of the households at home or at the 1981 Census. A significant departure lIas, there within tbe village in rural areas and ("nly within tho fore, been made this time while prestnting tbe data precincts of the bouse where the household li,es in urban on economic activity which relate to only four broad areas. The larger propor tion of workers in a hcusehold categories indicated above as agains' nine industrial industry should consist of meml:ers of the household IXVI including the head. The industry _hould not be run on OTHER WORKERS: the scale of registered factory which would qualify and has to be registered under the Indian Factories Act. AU workerl i. e. those who have been eogaged i. some economic activity durin, tbe last one wear, who Household indultey relates to production, proce are not cultivators or agricultural labourers or in ll!Iing, servicing, repairing or making and selling (but household indUitry are 'Other workers'. The tytle of not merely silling) of goods such as handloom wea worken that come under this category include factory vms. dyeillg. carpentry, bidi rolling, pottery manu workcrs, plantation workers, thosc in trade, comme facture, bicycle repairing, blacksmithing, tailoring, etc. rce. business, transport, mining, construction, political It does not include professions luch as a pleader or or locial work, all government servants, municipal doctor or barber or 'dhobi' even if such professions employees, teachers, priests, entertainment artists etc. arc run at home by members of the household. --- XVII
ANNEXURE-l
MADHYA PRADESH
The Scbeduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 19761 Dated the 18th September, 1976
SCHEDULED CASTES Ii 1 Audhea. 36 Mahar, Mehra. Mebar. 2 Bagri, Bagdi. 37 Mang, Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi. Dankhni 3 BahL1u, Bahami. Mang. Mupg Mahasi, Mndari, Garudi, Radhe 4 Baluhi, Balai. Mang. 5 Banchada. 38 Meghwat 6 Barahar, Basod. 39 Moghia. 7 Bargunda. 40 Muskban. 8 Basor, BUfud, Bansor, Bansodi, Bansphor, Basar. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera, Navdigar, Kubotar. 9 Bedia. 42 Fardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, DeViIlS, GUM, Gwalior, 10 Beidar, Sunkar. Indore, Jhabua, Kbargone. Mandsaur, MorCD8,d 11 Bhangi. Mehtar, Bairnik, Lalb( gi, Dharkar. Rajgarb Rat!am, ShajapUf, Shivruri, \Jjjainau 12 Bhanumati. Vidisha Districts). 13 Chadar. 43 Pa&i. 14 Chamar, Chamari, Bairwa, Bhlmbi, Jatov, Moehi, 44 Ruiihnr. Rrg:u, Nona, Rohidas, R:lmnami, Satnami, Surjy 45 Sansi, Sansia. abaoshi, Surjyaramnami, Ahirwar, Chamar Mangan' 46 Silawat. Raidas. 41 Zamral. 15 Chidar. 16 Chikwa, Chikvi. SCHEDULED TRIBES 17 Chitar. 1 Agariya. 18 Dahait, Dahayat. Dahat. 2 Andb. 19 Dewar. 3 Baiga. 20 Dhanui'. 21 Dhed, Dher. 4 Bbaina. 22 Dhobi (in Bhop:ll, Raisen and Sc1:.ore districts). 5 Bharia Bbumia, Bhiunhar BllumiB, Bhumiya. 23 Dohor. BhaTia, Paliha. Pando. 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome, Domar, Doris. 6 Bhattra. 25 Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelill. 8 Bhil 26 Ghasi, Ghasia. Mina. 27 HoJiya. 9 Bbunjia. 10 Biar, Biyar. 28 Kanjar. 1 1 Binjhwar, 29 Katia, Patharia. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul, Birhor. 31 K ,Ii, KOfi. 13 Damar, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bhind, Dbar, Dewas, Guna, Gwalior, 14 Dhanwar. ndore, Jhabua. Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, 15 G.l~aba, Gadbu. Rajgarh, Ratlam, ShdJapU(, Shivpu(i, UJjain, 16 Gond: Arakh. AUllkh, Aliar,,,,_ Asur, Badi Maria and VhJisha districts). Bada Maria, 8hatola. Shiroma. Shuta, Koilabhuta. 33 Khang'u, Kanera, Mirdha. KnHabbuti, Dh:\T, Discnl'>No Marin, Chota Maria, 34 Kuchba']ia. Dandami M~fia, DhufU, Dhur\\£l, Dhaba, Dbulia, 35 Kumhar {in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Doria, Gaiki, Gatta. Gatti, Galia, Gond, Gowari, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts). Hill Maria, Ktmdfa, Kalaf'8a, Khatola, Koitar, Koya, Khirwar, Khirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchaki 36 Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna. Rewa' Maria, Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar. Moghya, Satna, Shahdol, Sidbi and Tikamgarb districts). Mogia, Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 37 Pao. Nagwan;hi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, 38 Pardh'ln, Pathari. Saroti. Thotya, Wade Maria, Vatie Maria, Daroi. 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore Districts). 17 Halba, Halbi. 40 Pard hi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita P,udhi. Lanioli 18 Kamar. Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar Takia 19 Karku [In (f) Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raig.1rh, 20 Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tanwar, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil ofd Chattri. Balaght district, (3) Betul and Bhainsdehi tahsils 21 Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). of Betul district. (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tabsils 22 Khairwar, Kondar. of Bilaspur district, (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of 23 Kharia. Durg district, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala '24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. Revenue Inspector's Circles of Rajnand~aon 25 Kol. di:.trict, (7) Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur district, (8) Hosbangabad and Sobagpul 26 Kolam tahsiIs of Hosnangabad distnct and Narsimbapull 27 Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi, district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa district, (10 Bondeya. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. Bindra-Nawagarh Dhamtari and Mahasamund 29 Majhi. tahsili of Raipur dIstrict. 30 Majhwar. 41 Parja. 31 Mawasi. 42 Sahariya, Saharia. Seharia. Seharia, SOlia, Sor. 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-division of Vidisha district). 43 Saonta, Saunta. 33 Munda. 44 Sauro 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 4S Sawar, Sawara. 3S Oraen. DhanRa, Dhangad. 46 Sonr. XIX
HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of the District Census Handbook Part A contains the Village/Town Directory and Part could be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out for B contains the Town/ViI1agewise Primary Censul Abst every district in 1901 and 'Village Statistics' for every ract of the concerned district. district in 1911. But this was di~continued in 1921 PAR T A: Village Directory contains information and ]931. In 1941, hO\lever, 'Village Stati~tics' were brought out by tben Central Provinces and Berar ahout the name of village, total area of village, total Government. It was for the first time in 1951 the pra opuJation and number of households in the village, ctice of bringing out a single volume known as the areenities like education, medical, drinking water, post and telegraphs, market day, communications, approach District Census Handbook, giving villagewise statistics to village, distance from tte nearest town, power sup and other Census tables for the distnct at the cost of ply, staple food, land use, places of religil'us, bistorical the State Government was mitiated and IS continuing and archaeological interest etc. since then. In addition there are four appendices to the. Village The District Censu~ Handtook, compiled by the Directory as under :- Census Organisation on behalf of the State Govern ment is one of the most important publication of the ( 1) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medical ensus and is widely used by planners, administrators, and other amenities. academicians and researchers. (2) Land utilization data in re~pect of Census The scope of tbe District Census FI an dbook bps towns. gorJe considerable change since 1951. In 1951, the District Cen~us Handbooks, l oDtai ned only the Primary (3) Tabsilwise list of villl'ges where no amenties Ceusus Abstract and tbe Census tables In view of the are available, and usefulness of tbis pubhcation, improvrments were made in 1961 by· including nOD-census data hke climate, (4) TahsjJwise list of \illages according to tbe agri:ulture, co-oper"tion industry, education, health etc., proportion of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled as also an 'Introductory Note' for each dIstrict Unfo Tr.bes popu arion by ranges. rtunately, the deslfe to make the District Census Hand The last two appendices have been included for book more comprehensive delayed its publication. the first time in 19S1 Census. App~ndix-nI will be lherefole, In 1971, it was decided to publish the helpful for planning inrut in art as/vlllages where District Census Handbook in three parts in order to balOic infra ,trncture is lacking aJ d a~ pt ndix-1V ",il reJease the maximum diita as and ..... hen finalised. Part be helpful for planning welfare programmes for sche A contained the Village nirectory which gives village duled Castes/Scheduled Tflbt:s Ht mino level, particu wise noD-census stati~tics of land use, alea alld ameni Jarly in relation to area development orientation ties avaiL1ble within the viIJa[,e, Part B contained the programmes. villagewise Prlmar" Census Abstract and Part C con ta ined various admmisttatlve statistics_ Pan A and B Similarly the Town Oirectory contains seven state were however, publi~t.ed III ('lle ~cJj;me Fince it was ments as below ;- eCODon lcal to do so rs data fOf boLl; the parts become available early. PaTt~ A and D ""r:e p11blished separa Statement J- Status and growth history tely in Hindi and Eng:ish "ersions Cfl]lection of data StatelT'ent 11- ·Ph~ sical aspecb and lccalio[i of for Part C was combursome and It to 'k unduly long towns. time ]n its fina].sation, and ultimately this publication Statement III - Municipal Finance. had to be abonGoned in vic\-, of the enormous delay in its printing. Statement IV -Ci" ic and other amenities.
In 1981 Census, with a view to avoid delay in bri Statement V-Medica 1. educr.tional, recrel> tiona I nging out the DCH series, tile part containing the alld cultural faci"t;e~. adminIiltrative statistics has be~n dropr> ed. Thus the pro"ent series of District Census Handbook consists of Statement VI- Trade, Commen:c, Industry aAd two volumes viz DCHB Part A and DCHB Part B. Banking. xx
An additional statement IV-A is meant only for industry and other workels, marginal workers and Class-l and Clats-II towns giving the civic and other workers. amenities in notified slums. This 5tatement has been introduced for the first time in 1981 Census. The inclusion of Primary Censns Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes at the Part B :-Thc town/village wise Primary Census tahsil/town level is another important feature of the Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village, DCHB series of 1981 Cenlul. &occupied residential housos, total number of households. population by sex, as also the sexwisc population of SCheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, literacy aud An appendix containing Development Blockwise population by sex into four broad industrial categories Vikas Kbandwart totals of peA figures has also viz., cultivators, agricultural labourers., household been included. ANALYTICAL NOTE
Indore district in Indore Revenue Division of It is said to be the oldest temple in the city. Indore Madhya Pradesh is situated in the Malwa Plateau is the third smallest district in the state in terms of which is scarped by Vindhya ranges in the south. area. It has four tahsils viz; Depalpur, Sawer, Indore The district lies between 221l 20' and 23°-051 North and Mhow. latitude and 75925' and 76 11 151 East longitude. The general height of the district is 1800 Physical Aspects feet (548.64 Metres) above the mean sea level. Indore district is surrounded by the district of The major part of the district slopes gently towards Dewas on the east; Ujjain on the north; Dhar on the north and forms part of the Ganga Drainage the west and West Nimar (Khargone) on the south. System. The four major rivers of the district viz the Physical boundaries of Indore district stretches mostly Chambal, the Gambhir. the Khan and the Shipra along the natural features on three sides viz flow more or Jess parallel to one another. All streams Shipra river on the east, the Chambal on the west and rivers in the district are seasonal but only major and the water-parting line of the Vindhya ranges in rivers and a few streams are perennial. Floods occur the south between Karan and Choral rivers both in all rivers and streams in the rainy season when flowing into Narmada river. The northern boundary there is heavy downpour but during the dry period is almost artificial. The boundaries of the district of the .year, the water flows into narrow channels, remain unchanged since 1911. The present Indore leaving most parts of the bed dry. Due to their district broadly corresponds to Indore district of seasonal character and the surrounding undulating Holkar State as the territory was obtaining in 1931 topography, the rivers are.not much ideal for cons minus Petlawad Pargana. Consequent upon the truction of dams ror irrigation or for generation of merger of princely States and formation of Madhya hydroelectricity or for navigation though small dams Bharat, a Part B Sta te in 1948, there was reconsti nre being constructed on ~h;pra. Gamhhir flnft tution of boundaries. The district in the present Choral rivers. The Chamhal river is small in Tadore form was constituted as a result of the reorganisation district but in its latter COurl:e it flows maje!:ticnlly of States on linguistic basis when Madhya Bharat and is famous for the Gandhi Sagar dam constructed along with other territorial units got merged to form across it in Mand~aur district where hydroelectricity the new State of Madhya Pradesn on 1st November, is generated. Beside!;, the rivers of the district are 1956. Indore district continues to be a district of known ~ince ages viz. Ksl,ipra known as ~a('rplt the new State since then. It is one of the 45 districts river specially in Ujjan ci'v as ment;('Ined in the in the State as per position obtaining,. in 1981. writings of Kalidas; tbe Chambal rivt'r which The district derives its Dame from the district head !;orings from the holy tank Tlear Jankeshw~r temT'le quarters town, Indore more correctly Indoor, which in Mhow tahsil, where famrl1s religious fair is held appeared to be a corruption of Indrapur, the name in the lunar month of Kartika every 'llCe'!.r; the oflthe'village (now known aq Juni Indore) on which Gambhir river rises in the Janpao hi1Js. the the present town has grown. The name Indrapur is in important peak of the Vindhya range in Mhow turn derived from the temple of Indreshwar which tahsil in south east of Mhow town at a distance of was erected in the year 1741 and is still existing. about 20 kms. There ill DO natural lake in the XXII
district. The dams across the rivers and nalas viz., rainy season. Normally south-west monsoon sets in Yashwant Sagar, Depalpur, Berchhia, Piplyapala, at Indore in the second week of June though the BiIo1i, Shirpur, Khajaralya, Hasclpur, Sukhniwas dates vary from year to year. The withdrawal of aI'd Yashwant- Sagar tanks are of worth mention. monsoon is by the end of August or I st week of The entire district is underlain by the Deccan September. The rains during monsoon are chara Trap whIch are more than 300 metres (about 1000 cterised by very intense storms. July and August fcet) thick. The trap country is characterised by flat are the peak months of rainy season with heavy topped hills and steplike terraces The most common downpour. On the whole Indore district enjoys a soil is the black cotton soil which is formed as a pleasant climate and except during the monsoon re&ult of decomposition of the basalts and which season, the climate is dry. The hot season com provides excellent crops in the northetn part of the mences from March and continues upto about end district. ThlO Malwa region w~ well known for of Mayor middle of June. In summer the rna ximum productivity and richness of soil with moderate temperature ranges between 32 11 and 401lC. During climate and adequate rainfall With the exception Mansoon (June to Sept~mber) the maximum tempe of the one in 1899, famine has never visited this rature varies between 27QC and 35°C. In post region. But this glorious situation has since been monsoon period it varies between 26l!C and 30!1C. changing and the region is now facing the problems Thfl cold season starts by the end of November and of droughts. The average rainfall is inadequate extends up to February. Janoary is the coldest month owing to deforestation during to last 20 years. of the year. According to the All India Coordinated Project on Wiodspeed Dryland Agri.;:ulture Research under the Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University in Indore district, the During monsoon period (June to September) the soils of the region are heavy calcareous, black clays wind blows in the speed range of 5.7 to 11.5 kms. with varying depths. The clay content generally per hour. In post monsoon period (October to varies from 45 to 55 per cent. They have high February) the wind speed varies between 2.3 to :.2 moisture retentivity but have low infiltration rate kms. per hour,. while in summer, the range becomes resulting in run off soil erosion. The most important higher i. e. between 4.2 and 9.7 kms. per hour. soil problems are difficulty in handling the soil once the monsoon sets in and water stagnation during the Flora kharif season. These soils are generally low in According to Forest division Indore, the total area nitrogen, low to medium in pho~phorous, high in under forest of Indore district in the year 1984-85 potash. These soils are highly erodible, particularly was 82,512 hectares (82.512 sq. km.) out of which when these are without plant cover as follows during the rainy season. Drainage of these soils seems to 67,521 hectares was under reserved forest and rest 14,991 hectares as proteeted forest. But according be a major obstacle for improving the itensity and to the information published by District Statistical agricultural production in this region as they are Officer, Indore the forest areas of the district heavily dominated by montomrillonite type of clay mineral declined in the year 1976·77 as it is reduced to due to which shrinkage, cracks are developed under~ 22,995 hectares from 52.327 hectares in 1970-71. receding soil moisture conditions and thus soH mulchmg .proves to be useful. The forests of Indore district can be classified under Tropical Dry Deciduous forests which are commonly Rainfall It Temperatu re known as Central Indian type. In the eastern, south eastern and south-western, parts of the district there The annual rainfall of the district varried from are low and high rocky hills on which Khakra, Dheek 900 mm to 950 mm during the last decade. 85 per or Palas (bute4 monosperma) Babool (Acasia ~rabtca), cent is received during the period of 16 weeks of the Khair (Acasia catechy), Khejora or. Rinjda (Acaia XXIII
l~uophl{1ea) and shrubs like Dhaman (Grewia tilae/olia), dynasty. Malhar Rao Holkar received his first grant Ber (zizyphus jujuba), Khejra and Kargara (Capparis) of five Mahals in the province in 1727 A.D. Later and Karaunda (Carrisa spirarum) are still found. on in 1932 A. D. Baji Rao Peshwa, effected a kind General quality of teak or Sag and Sagwan (Tectona of working Division of the Districts of Malwa bet "andis), Tendu (Diospyros tomentosa) are also ween Scindia, Holkar and three Pawar chiefs. Holkar found in the forests of this district. The depleting was granted two fifth territory of Malwa Prant which density of forests and also decline in forest area in consisted of twenty-eight and a half parganas in Indore district, have resulted in irregular monSOOD cluding Indore, Depalpur and Betma. and deepening of ground water level. Indore city can not claim very hoary antiquify. Fauna It was a small village assuming' he name of Tndrapur. The district is poor in respect of the number of But the locality had yielded a canopy of Jain, image wild animals found in the district. Wild animals of Hanuman and a door frame of the 12th century like Bison etc. used to find shelter in the forests A.D. These antiques are exhibited in Central along the Vidhya ranges but they have become very Museum, Indore. This fact proves the antiquity of rare though occasionally tiger or panther etc. are the locality. During the Mughal regime, it was met wi th. Animals like Kala hiran (Ante/ope cerci within Mahal Kampel under Sarkar Unnain and caprae), Samber (Genus umcolor) have also dis Subha M dwa. Malhar Rao Holkar liked this village appeared Lomdi, Jurak, Khargosh, Jangle Murgi for its military importance and named it Malhar Titar are still found in the forests. Main reason of Nagri and started mint here. But according to old disappearance of these animals of the carnivorous san ad, the village Inurapur existed as far back as order is dwindling of the dense forests and poaching the year 166l A.D. In 18th century Marathas of these animals in early days. camped here while invading Nizam's region. They built up a Shiv Shrine named Indreshwar in 1741 History AD. The name of village Indrapur is derived from In comparison to the history of the adjoining the name of Indreshwar. Later, it was corrupted districts of Dhar and Ujjain, the history of Indore as Indoor and subsequently called as Indore by the district is not much old. Indore district can not Britishers. In Maharashtra as well as Marathi boast of any historical antiquity. The story of emer speakmg people in M. P. still call it as Indoor. gence and development of Indore district predomi Malhar Rao Holkar's daughter-Ill-law Ahil} ... Lai, nantly relates to the story of evolution and expansion venerable lady with exceptional ability and wisdom, of Maratha rule. But Malwa had been a link between made Indore the paragana (district headquarters). North India and South India (Deccan) from time She lik"d this village and fo unded a new village immemorial. All important routes to Deccan passed opposite old village (Juni Indore). Illdu!e grew through this region. It is said that Chhatrapati from a village to a wealthy city during her rule Shivaji had made brief halt in this village while he (1766-1795) The capital of Malwa was again was passing through Ujjain after his escape from shifted to' Indore under the Mandsaur treaty with Agra where he was imprisoned by Aurangjeb. Britishers in 1818. Till the formation of Madhya Before the incursion of Sultan Itlutmish in J 3th century, the Malwa was kingdom of famous kings Bharat in 1948; it was capital of Holkar State. Consequent upon the merger of princely states and Bhoj and Chalukya. The Mughal ruled tile Malwa the formation of Madhya Bharat it continued to be till 17th centu ry. But after decline of MughaI rule, the summer capital of Madhya Bharat, the main the province of Malwa passed into regular possession capital being of Gwalior (during 1948-56) till its of Marathas in the middle of 18th century. merger in the newly c!lrved Madhya Prades h state Malhar Rao Holkar. a unrivalled leader and bra ve general of Pe&hwa, was the eponym of Holkar on 1st Nov.ember, 1956. XXIV
The prosperity of Indore started in 19th century. buildings were also built during his tenure. Dr Apart from keen interest of pious lady Ahilya Devi, Petrie Godis, a renouned Town Planning Architect" credit goes to Maharaja Tukoji Rao II for modern studied the town and prepared a Master Plan for and planned development of Indore and for provid deVelopment of Indore in 1916. The City Improve ing other ameliorative measures. The industrial ment Trust was established in 1924. Even at present development started in his tenure (1852-86). Indore time, Indore city is an important urban eentre in thtl continued to flourish and prosper in all aspt!cts viz., State leading on all such aspects in com:parisQn to. trade, commerce, industry, education, public life, other towns in Madhya Pradesh. medical facilities etc" and number of magnificient
Table 1.1
Area and Population during 1981
District! Population Tahsil! Total! Area ~------~------~ City/Town Rural/ (in sq. km) Persons Males Females. Urban
2 3 4 5 6.
INDORE DISTRICT Total (a) 3,898.0 1,409,473 742,459 667,014 (b) 3,538.6 Rural 3,752.0 480,045 248,783 231,262 Urban 146.0 929,428 493,676 435,752 1 Depalpur Tahsil Total 1,022.2 132,644 68,053 64,591 Rural 1,021.5 124,301 63,741 60,560 Urban 0.7 8,343 4,312_ 4,031 Depalpur (M) Urban 0.73 8,343 4,312 4,031 2 Sawer Tahsil Total 761.5 112,590 58,197 54,393 Rural 759.8 104,644 54,085 50,559. Urban 1.7 7,946 4,112 3,834 Sawer (M) Urban 1. 74 7,946 4,112 3,834 3 Indore Tahsil Total 950.4 970,410 513,451 456,959 Rural 836.' 141,083 73,535 67,548 Urban 113 .5 829,327 439,916 389,411 Indore (M.e.) Urban 113.52 829,327 439,916 389,411 4 Mhow Tahsil Total 804.5 193,829 102,758 91,071 Rural 774.4 110,017 57,422 52,59S Urban 30.1 83,&12 45,336 38,476 Mhow (U.A.) Urban 17.11 76,037 41,284 34,753 Mhowgaon (N.A.) Urban 13.00 7,775 4,052 3,723 XXV
Area & Jurisdictional ClJa.naes to 65. 94 per cent which is an indication of the fact that the district is highly urbanised. Total geographical area of Indore district in 1981 cen sus is 3898.0 tlq. IJcms. as supplied by the Deuslty durfDg :l96J-81 Surveyor General of India while that reported in State Total} Census Years 1971 census was 3,910 sq. kms. Although no District} Rural! ".. ____..,A.... ____ -_~ jurisdictional changes have taken place in the district Tahsil Urban 1961 1971 1981 boundary during decade 1971-81, there is a 1 2 3 4 S difference in area figures as supplied by the Surveyer General of India in 1971 and those supplied at 1981 Madhya Pradesh Total 74 94 118 Census. It is mainly due to (a) errors in calculations Rural 64 79 9S Urban 2,482 2,378 2,171 of area figures of the districts accepted at 1971 Indore District Total 212 262 362 census which has come to light now and (b) area Rural 87 JOO 128 figures accepted now are based on latest survey Urban 6,675 7.494 ().366 carried out on large scale with modern photogrametic J Depalpur Tahsil Total 83 103 ISO sophisticated techniques. iut the total area of Rural 78 97 122 tahsils is according to State Survey Department Urban 6,444 8,244 11,429 becau&e figures below the district unit or by rural, 2 Sawer Tahsil Total 93 113 148 Rural 87 105 138 urban break up are not collected by the Surveyer Urban 3,984 5,604 4,567 General of India. Hence tbe total area figure of 3 Indore Tahsil Total 501 718 1,021 all the four tahsils does DO~ tally with tbe total Rural 95 136 169 geographical area of the district. The total rural Urban 7,073 9,553 7,306 area of the district as well as of the tahsils have been A Mhow Tahsil Total 147 188 241 worked out by deducting the total urban area as Rural 89 105 142 Urban 4,780 2,764 2,784 per local bodies from the total area of the respective
unit. Further the total area figures of tahsils are DeDSity based on land use area which do not include the Xhe density of population is an important factor area of forests as it is not available with the State of demorgraphy as well as SOCill conditions. Because Survey Department. In terms of area, Indore the density of popUlation affects production and district is the third smallest district in the State and distribution and alio generates various social contains 0.88 per cent of the total geographical area reactions which greatly influence the total life of a (443,446 sq. kms.) of the State. society. The denSity of population further affects the level of the standard of living of people. The 80ClOlog.sts and demographers, after investigation, Population hav~ reached to the conclusion that the average According to 1981 Census, 1,409,473 persons wi h density beyond a peartlcular limit indicates as un 742.459 males and 667,014 females have been desirable over concentration of the people in that enumerated in tile distnct. The percentage of urban area· Though the district ranks highest in terms of population to lotal population of the dbtrict c",ml.s density among the 45 districts in the Stale but it XXVI can not be regarded to have reached the stage of over has always been higher than the average State ooncentration. The above table gives the compara density during 1961-81 among the tahsils. The tive figures of density of population during 1961-81. lowest density is noticed in Depalpur tahsil. The dl"nsity of population of Indore district in 1981 is 362 persons per square ki1nmeter as again~t Brief Analysis of Village and Town Directory, ~ 18 persons per sq. km. in Madhya Pradesh. The density of population in the district has been increasing at a faster rate from decade to decade Amenities available in the villages-Distribution or and had reached a figure which is 3 times higher villages according to availability of different than the average density for the State as a whole. amenities are indicated in table I and proportion of Rural and Urban density of Indore district is also rural population served by these amenities is shown higher than the corresponding State averages during in table No.2 while Table 3 gives the numlfer of 1961-81. villages where certain amenities are not available Wbile comparing the densitv figures of tahsils wIthin the jurisdiction of the villages and the distance with that of the district, it is noticed that only the range where people of these villages can avail these density of population in Indore tahsil is very high amenities. Table 4 indicates the distributi(lD of the while in the rest of the tahsils, it is quite below villages according to the distance froOl the nearest the district average. This is because obviously town and availability of various amenities. Table 5 preponderence of urban population in Indore tahsil. shows distribution of villages according to popula Even then density of population in all the tahsils tion ranges and availability of different amenities.
TABLE I
Distrlbutioll of Villages according to the availability of different Amenities
81. Name of No of No. (with Percentage) of Villages having one or more of the following amenities No. Tahsil inhabited r------"------____ -.. villages Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/ Communi- Approach Power water Telegraph Hat cations by pu~ca Supply road
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Depalpur 174 146 13 174 18 4 28 34 156 (83.91) (7.47) (WO.OO) (10.34) (2.30) (16.09) (19.54) (89.66) 2 Sawer 145 124 12 145 24 7 23 27 145 (25.52) (8.28) (100.00) (16.55) (4.83) (15.86) (18.62) (100.00) 3 Indore 149 131 17 149 23 6 49 55 133 (87.92) (11.41) (100.00) (15.44) (4.03) (32.89) (36.91) (89.26) 4 Mhow .168 102 14 168 27 7 57 67 133 (60.71) (8.33) (100.00) (16.07) ,4.17) (33.93) (40.48) (78.57)
DIstrict Total 636 503 56 636 92 24 157 183 567 (79.09) (8.65) (100.00) (14.47) (3.77) (24.69) (28.93) (88.99) XXVII
TABLE 2
ProportioD of Rural PopulatioD Sened by dilferfDt AmeDltles
SI. Name of Total Popu- Proportion of rural population served by the amenity of No. Tahsil lation of ~------~------~ inhabited Education Medical Drinkina Post & Marketl Communi- Approach Power villages in water Telegraph Hat cations by Puce. su~ply the Tahsil road
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Depalpur 124,301 118,559 23,295 124,301 47,372 41,153 40,829 44,001 116,128 (95.38) (18.74) (100.00) (38.11) (33.11) (32.85) (35.40) (93.42) 2 Sawer 1.04,644 99,167 26,355 104,644 32,362 17,145 24,801 32,502 104,644 (94.77) (25.19) (l00 .00) (30.93) (16.38) (23.70) (31.06) (100.00) 3 Indore 141,083 138.307 49,103 141,083 60,990 29,118 8' ,529 98,193 137,615 (98.03) (34.80) (100.00) (43.23) (20.64) (61.33) (69.60) (97.54) 4 Mhow 110,017 '8,151 40,870 110,017 57,863 20,566 66,959 76,663 103,476 (89.21) (37.15) (100.00) (52.59) (18.69) (60.86) (69.99) (94.00)
District Total 480,045 454,184 135,009 480,045 198,587 107,982 219,118 251,359 461,804 (94.61 ) (28.12) (100.00) (41.37) (22.49) (45.65) (52.43) (96.20)
TABLE 3
Distribution of villa~es Dot having certain ameaities arranged by dlstaDce raDges from tbe plateS wbere tkese are available
Village not having the amenity of Number of villages where ~he amenity is not available and available at distance of r----,------_~ ______~ -5Kms. 5-10 Kms. 10+Kms. Total (Co1.2 ot 4)
1 2 3 4 S
--~. 1 Education 114 19 133 2 Medical 259 261 60 580 3 Drinking water 4 Post and Telegraphs 344 181 19 544 S Market/Hat 182 290 140 612 6 Communications 277 179 23 479 XXVIU
TABLE 4
Distribution of Villages according to the distance from the nearest town and availability of different amenities
Distance Number of No's (With percentage) of Villages having amenity of range from inhabited r------,..._~------~-.------...------.... the nearest villages in Education Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Communi- Approach by Power town (in Kms) each range water Telegraphs Hat cations Pucca road Supply
2 3 4 5 6 , 8 9 19
0- 5 43 35 2 43 7 16 23 40 (81.40) (4.65) (100.00) (16.28) (37.21) (53.49) (93.02) 6-15 234 199 27 234 48 9 14 85 224 (85.04) (11 .11) (100.00) (20.51) (3.85) (31.62) (36.75) (95.30) 16-50 358 269 27 358 37 15 67 V5 303 (75.14) (7.54) (100.00) (10.34) (4.19) (18.72) (20.95) (84.64) 51 + 1 1 (100.00) Unspecified
Total 636 503 56 636 92 24 157 183 567 (79.09) (8.65) (100.00) (14.47) (3.77) (24.69) (28.93) (88.99)
TABLE 5
Distribution of villages according to population range and amenities available
Range of' Number of Number (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of Population inhabited .------~------~------=------~ villages in Education Medical Drinking Post and Market/ Communi- Approach by Power each range water Telegraph Hat cations Pucca road supply
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Less than-499 309 179 3 309 7 43 45 249 (51.93) (0.97) (100.00) (2.27) (13.92) (14.89) (80.26) 500-1,999 288 285 24 288 50 6 80 106 279 (98.96) (7.99) (100.00) (17.36) (2.08) (27.78) (36.81) (96.88) 2,000-4.999 33 33 23 33 29 13 28 26 33 (100.00) (69.7(J) (l00. 0 0) (87.88) (39.39) (84.85) (78.79) (100.00) 5,000+ 6 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (tOO.OO) (83.33) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00)
Total 636 S03 56 636 92 24 157 183 567 (79.09) (8.65) (100.00) (14.47) (3.77) (24.69) (28.93) (88.99) XXIX
Drinking Water been provided with education amenities. Similarly, percentage of availability of amenities go up in AvailibiIity of drinking water is an essential and the villages of 500-1999 population size. 98.96% prime need of human being. Indore district appears villages of this population range have been equipped to be most fortunate that drinking water facility IS with education amenities. Ufliversal primary avaiJable all the inhabited villages of the in district education being our declared objective, it appears and 100% rural population of the district is better that the district has to continue its efforts to provide served so far as drinking water aminity is con at least primary level institution in all villages. cerned. So far tahsilwise distribution of educational Education amenities is concerned. 87 92% villages which constitute 98 0 '% population. have been equipped For the rapid development, education is the main with education amenities followed by 85.52% factor. particularly in villages. Literacy depends villages of Sawer tahsil with population of 94.77% upon the educational facilities available within easy and 83.91 % villages of Depalpur tahsil covering reach 70.09% villages of the district with 94.61% population of 95.38% of the tahsil. But educational of rural population have been equipped wilh the amenities are lacking in the villages of Mbow tahsil facility of at least Primary schools. In other words where only 60.71% villages covering 89.21% 133 villages i.e. 20 91% villages of the district population are having education amenities. This is containing only 5.39% of rural population. are because most of the villages (52 91 %) belong to less deprived of the minimum educational needs. It is than 500 population size. Those Villages are situated however observed that 17.92% villages baving no in hilly areas of Vindhya ranges. education facilities are situated at the distance of less than 5 kms from those villages where education Medical amenity amenities are available and only 19 villages (2.99%) are at the distance of 5-10 km. from the villages Though Indore district is a developed district in having educational amenities. the State and is much advanced in trade, commerce, While analysinJ villages which have education industry, education etc., quite a large Dumber of amenities according to distance ranges from their villages lack medical amenity. It has only 8.65% nearest town, the higber percentage of (85.04%) of villages (56 villages out of 636) covering 28. 12% villages, having education amenities is found in the rural population of the district which have been distance range of 6-15 kms. from their nearest town provided with medical amenities. In terms of followed by 81 40% villages in the distance of less medical amenity highest proportion of 11.41% than 5 kms. This indicates tbat large number of villages covering 34.80% of rural population, is villages within the distance of 0-15 kms. from the found in Indore tahsil and lowest proportion of town. are better equipped with education amenities 7.47% villages. covering only 18.74% population in :J.han tbe villages be)ond the distance of 15 kms. from Mhow tahsil. In Indore district 580 villages out of the to"n as ttere· are only 75. ]4% SUlh villages in 636 villages do not have medical amenity, of which this;dis1ar ce rarl,ge frem the tOVvn. 259 villages are within a distance range of less than It is a general phenomenon tnat smal'e: the size 5 kms. and another 261 villages are in 5-10 kms. of village 10 respect of population, lesser the distance from the places where medical amenity is availability of education facility. In Indore district available. It is to be contented that there are only 100% villages of population above 2,000 have been 60 villages with ~on -availability 0 f medical amt:nity privilaged with education amenities. On the other hand there are only 57.93% villages in the popula which are within the distance range of 10+ kms. tion range of less than 500 population which have from the places havil'lg medical amenity. xxx
Out of these 60 villages 30 villages are in Mhow since all the articles of their daily necessities are tahsil. It means maximum villages of other tahsils generally, not available in their villages. There are are within the distance of below 5 kms. and 5-10 only 24 villages i.e. 3 77% of total villages of the kms. distance from the place where medical amenity district where weekly markets are held. Thus 22.42% available. of the rural population of the district can avail of this amenity within their villages of abode. Post and telegraph amen ity Thus 78 per cent of the rural population has to From the above tables t to 5, it appears that . depend on markets quite far from their main Indore district is not much ahead in respect of post villages. This is perhaps the greatest ills of the & telegraph amenities available in the villages as rural economy that suitable market facility is not only 14.47% villages covering 41.37% rural popu available witbin easy reach to sell their produce or to lation of the district have the priviiage of post & purchase their basic needs Even if they are required telegraph amenities. It means 544 villages which to go to some other village where this facility is constitute 85.53% of total VIllages, with 58 53% available it is all the more difficult to cover the rural population, have to seek post & telegraph distance in the absence of proper communication amenities in nearby villages or towns where it is facilities. available. Out of these 544 villages, 344 villages are The position is all the more similar in different within less than 5 kms. distance range and 181 tahsiis of the district. villages in 4-10 kms. distance range from the place where post and telegraph amenity is available. There Communications are only 19 villages in the district, which are beyond 10 kms. distance range from the place of amenity Only 24.69% villages, constituting 45.65% rural available. population of Indore district, are enjoying public transport system. It means out of 536 villages. Sawer tahsil is better placed with 16.55 per cent 479 villages of the district did have facility of com-' of its villages having this amenity but the population munications within the territorial jurisdiction or covered is the least (30.93%) while Mhow tahsil httle far away from the actuar settlement. Of the being next in regard to villages having this amenity 47') villages, the residents of 277 village can aVl).il but the percentage of population covered is highest of transport facitity by commuting a distance of less (52.59). Majority of viII ages in this district are than 5 kms in another 179 villages it is available situated at a distance range of 1F, . 50 kms. from a within 5 -1 0 kms. distance and only the rest 23 nearest town but it is revealing to note that those villages are situated more than 10 kms away from villages which are nearer to urban centres are having the places of availability of transport facility. It is the maximum' amenties. This is certainly due to however true that villages situated nearer to a big their proximity from an urban centre which enables urban centre enjoy better communication facility. greater linkage and urban influence on thun. But Villages in Indore and Mhow tahsits have a fairly the fact remains that larger the villages, greater the good position because of the big urban centres of amenities available in them as is evident from the the same name are situated in them. figures shown in table 5. Approach By Pucca Road
Market/Hat Lack of communication facility is owing to non availability of pucca road in the district. Only Still most of the villagers fulfil their daily needs 28.93% villages in the district (covering 52.43% from the weekly markets (Hat) at nearby places population) could be approached by pucca road XXXI followed by 36.91% (constituting 69.60% population) TABLE 6 in indore tahsil. Depalpur and Sawer tahsils lack the facility of pucca road as only 18% to 19% villages Main Staple Food In tbe MaJotity of Village. In each taluk in them are approachable by pucca road. If com munication facility is directly liked with approach SI. No. Name of Tahsil Main Staple food by pucca road figures then all the 6 villages with 2 population 5000 and above are approachable by 3 pucca road and therefore all of them have the com Depalpur Wheat, Jowar munication facility. Jt is the size which counts in regard to availablity of different amenities. 2 Sawer Wheat, Jowar 3 Indore Wheat, Jowar Power Supply 4 Mho>\' Wheat. Jowar As per the lntest information, all the 636 villages of Indore oistrict have been electrified. Hence the.e The district lies in the wheat-jowar belt of the is ] 00% electrification in the district. The position State and as such wheat is the most important staple of 1979, according to which 88.99% villages had been food of the rural population in all the tahsils of the enjoying facility of power supply. All villages of Sawer tahsil were provided with power supply district. Jowar, however, forms the next important whereas in Mhow tahsil only 7&.57% villages had crop. power supply. The following table gives the main staple food in The following table gives the distribution of the majority of villages in each tahsil. villages according to land use.
TABLE 7
DI ~trlbutloD of 'lIIa~ accordIng to laM Ole
Sl. Name of Tahsilj Name of Total area Per cent cultivable Percentage of irrigated No. District villages (Hectares) area to total area to cultivable area (Hectares) (Hectares)
1 :1 3 4 5 6
Depalpur Tahsil 174 99,694.32 92,614.13 9,108.67 (92.90)* (9.84)
2 Sawer Tahsil 145 74,070.16 69,463.45 8385.54 (93.78) (12.07)
3 Indore Ta.hsil ].49 82,222.18 67,447.64 12,166.63 82.03 (18.04)
4 Mhow Tahsil 168 75,981. 51 49,673.72 10,186.57 (65.45) (20.51) ------I ndore District 636 3,31,878.17 2,79,198.94 39,847.41 (84.13) (14.27)
OFigurcs within brackets are percentages. XXXI!
According to area figuers of 1981, 84.13% area of tion. Though the proportion E)f cultivable area is the total area of the district is available for culti lowest but the irrigated area of 20.51% is highest vation which is quite high as compared to the State in Mhow tahsil and lowes.t~ (9.84YJ in Depalpur average ,of 42.38%. The percentage of cultivable area tahsil. to total area is highest (93.78) in Sawer tahsil followed by Depalpur with 92.90 per cent while The following table gives the growth, density and Mhow tahsil has the lowest of65.45 per cent. 14.27% sex-ratio of urban population in the dis.trict in of the cultivable area of the district is under irriga- relation to the State.
TABLE 8
Growth, Density and Sex-ratio 01 Urban Population in the District in relation to fbe State
District State ~ ______~ ______~ J-----~--~------~ Cen- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex- sus Popu- Popu- Popula- percentage (POpu- ratio (No. Popu- Popu- Pop,ula- percentge (Popula- ratio (No year lation latioD tion variation lation of females lalioD 1ation tion variation tion' of females in urban per sq. per 1,000 in urban per SQ. per 1.(100. Population km.) males) Population kms.) males)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1951 601,035360,553 59.99 +51,16 7,734 856 26,071,637 3.132,937 12.02 +33.16 2.034 907 1961 753,594452,083 60.00 + 25 . 39 6,678 848 32,372,408 4,627,234 14.29 +47.70 2,482 856 1971 It025,150 642,899 62.71 +42.21 7,494 857 41,654,1.19 6,7.84,767 16.29 +46.63 2,378 868 1981 1,409,473 929,428 65.94 +44 57 6,362 883 52,178,844 10,586,459 20.29 +56.03 2,170 884
An important feature of Indore district is that it 12.02% 1951 to 20.29% in 1981. Quantitatively, the is highly urbanised as 65.94 per cent of the total growth of urban popUlation during the decade 1971- popUlation of the district constitutes the urban 81 has been rather slow in Indore district as compar ed to that of the State, perhaps because the former popUlation. There are only two districts in the State which have this chancteristics; the other being seems to have reached the satu.ration point. Bhopal district. Both the districts have in each Density powerful growth centres viz. Indore city in Indore district and Bhopal city in Bhopal district. The The density of population per sq. km. has been formar being the throbbing industrial and commer fluctuating both in the case of the district as also cial heart of Madhya Pradesh while the latter is the the State, though tbe urban popUlation has been capital city of the State. Urbanisation in the district steadily growing. It is because when a new town is is at a steady pace as the percentage of urban added its area generally contains a large chunk of population to total population has gone up from vacant land, agricultural lands and there by affects 59.99 in 1951 to 65.94 in 1981 whereas the corres the overall density of urban population for the ponding growth in the State as a whole has been district and the State. XXXIII
Sex Ratio TABLE 9
The sex-ratio i~. the number of females per 1000 New Ton/Towas dedassifted In 1981 CeQu, tDales of the urban population has always been lower in the district as, compared to the State averages. It Name of Town Population 1911 CeQlua is however a happy feature that the adversities 2 towards females has reduced. (1\) Added Nil The following table is meant for details of new (b) Declassified- Nil towns! towns classified in 1981 Census but the in information is nil so far as Indore district is The following table,gives the per c::apita. receipt and concerned. expenditure in towns.
TABLE 10
Pet Cal'ita receil't and eXl'enditure in towns
Per Capita r-"~------"!I"-----~-_.....I\-_.----- ______,_""", Receipt Expenditure r------_"._---~, r--~------~~------l Total Receipt Receipt Tot~1 General Expenditure Public Expen- Other through from all expen- adminis~ on Public. works diture aspects Sl. Class, Name and civic taxes. otheJ; ditur« tration health and on public No. status 0 f the town sources convenience institutions
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 V De~}pur (M.) 92.66 39.79 52,87 56.99 19.84 4.07 6.35 0.36 26.37 2 I Indore (M. Corp.) 78.52 18.33 60.19 97.37 6.S1 64.18 14.49 0.10 11.09 3 II Mbow Canlt. (C.B.) 63,81 33.64 30.17 65.68 1.73 25.28 9.83 12.87 15.97 4: y Mbowgaon tN.A.C.) 26.19 11 .59 14.60 34.16 0.74 3.21 17.44 0.04 12.67 S V Sawer (M.) 43.25 32.25 10.90 42.88 22.58 3.60 13.15 0.15 3,40
Total 76.71 19.84 56.87 93.42 6.33 59.43 14.94 1.15 11. 51
Table No. 10 gives per capita receipt and ex.pendi poration followed by 65.68 in Mhow contonment ture in towns of Indore district. board. Highest per cap.ita expenditure (64.18) on public health and convenience is in Tndore Municipal In five towns, highest pel' capita receipt of 92.66 Corporation which is a very happy feature that a is in Depalpur town followed by 78.52 in Indore sizeable amount is spent on this aspect. This is Municipal Corporation. Average per capita receipt followed by expenditure (15.49) on public works. of Indore district is 76.71. Income of Sawer town Highest per capita expenditure of 12.&7 on public and notified area of Mhowgaon is quite lower in institution is noticed in Mhow contonment whereas comparison to other towns. Highest per capita in other towns it is between Q.I0to 1.15 which in expenditure of 73.37 is in Indore Municipal Cor- insignificant. XXXIV
The following tl~le gives the numberof schools per 10,000 population in towns: TABLE 11
SI, Class, name and civic Number of schools per ten thousanG population No, status of town ~------~------~ Higher secondary/SecondaryjMatriculation! Junior SecondaryI Primary Inter/PUC/junior Middle college
1 2 3 4 S 6
1 V Depalpur (M) 1,20 3,59 2.40 2 I Indore (M. Corp,) 0.67 2.35 4,38 3 II Mhow Cantt (C,B.) 0,79 1.45 1.84 4 V Mhowgaon (N.A.C.) 2.57 .'.57 5 V Sawer (M.) 1.26 3.77 6.29
Total 0.69 2.30 4.15
The highest number of Higher secondary, Middle Although Indore is the district headquarters Primary schools are in Indore city but in terms of town and the biggest urban unit in the State, the Higher Secondary schools per 10,000 population, number of beds per 1000 popUlation is found to be Sawer town is better placed followed by Oepalpur very low (1'56) as compared to the smaller towns town. Indore city occupies the lowest position like Sawer and DepaJpur which are having higher amongst all towns so far as the number of Higher ratio of 2.26 and 1.80 respectively. It has, however. Secondary Schools per 10,000 population is con to be remembered that the type of medical facilities cerneTABLE 12 SI. Class, Name and Proportion of the Density in civic sta tus of No. of Beds in Medical institutIOns in towns. No. slum popUlation slum the town to total population (per sq. 81. Class. name and No. of Dl!ds in m}dical of the town km.) No. status of the town institutIOns Pcr 1,000 Population 1 2 3 4 2 3 I I Indo ro (M . Corp. ) 13.92 7.870 1 V Depalpur (M.) 1.80 2 II Mhow Can It • (C.B.) 14.40 2,126 2 I Indore (M. Corp.) 1.56 Total 24.0f) 3 II Mhow Cantt. (C.B.) 0.31 11,146 4 V Mhowgaon (N.A.C.) S V Sawer (M.) 2.26 The above table is meant for showing the slum
Total 1. 45 popula~ion in class I and class II towns and as such xxxv
the inform'ltion has been furnished , respect of of Indore is a person living in slums. Although Indore (M. C. ) and Mhow Cantt. which are Mhow cantt has a higher proportion (14.40) per respectively class I & class II towns in the district. cent of slum population but the congestion in which the slum dwellers live in is not very high (2176 This is the curse of industrialisation and urbani persons per sq. km ) as is found in Tndore (M.e.) sation that it is always associated with a sizeable with 7870 persons per sq. km. slum population. 13.92 per cent of the total popula tion of Indore 1M C) constitutes of slum The following table gives the most important com population. In other words every seventh inhabitant modity manufactured, and exported in towns.
TABLE 14
Most important commodity manufactured, Imported and exported in towns.
SI. Class, Name Most important commodity No. civic status of ~------~-----~--~------~ th~ to\\ ns. Manufactured Exported Imported
2 3 4
V Dep.llpur (M) Carpet Grain Kirana 2 I Indore (M. Corp.) Cloth Readymade Cloth Cloth 3 II Mhow Cantt. (C.B.) Shoes Leather Grain 4 V , Mhowgaon (NAC) Sugar V Sawer tM) Jaggery Wheat Cloth
Indore city has a number of textile mills manufac which are exported to various places within and turing fine varieties of cloth and of late it has made a outside the State. mark in the manufacture of readymade garments 35' 45'
/() MADHYA PRADESH 23° TAHSIL 0EPAL PUR 23° 5' r DISTRICT INDORE
, I 0 2 6 WILES , •; , ~ i i : 2 I 0 4 , 6 KILOMETRES
POSITION OF TAHSIL OEPALPUR IN DISTRICT INDORE
~L..1_____J t.4U.ES "~.KllOMETRES I"
55' 55' o
REFERENCE
... BOUNDARY; DISTRICT ;""'''''''''''''''' ,,' ,,"" _._._ " TAHSIL """.", ...... " ... ,_, _._ " VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER .... HEAD GUARTERS: TAHSIL .. '" " .... '" ...... , ...... , @ VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELOW 200)
200-499; 500-999; 1000-4999; 5000 AND ABOVE ... o •••• 45' 45' UNINHABITED VILLAGES ...... , ... ,.,"'"'" .. ", .. ,.,''' r URBAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE, """""' .... ,.. ' ~ STATE HIGHWAY ... " ...... "" .. , , ...... "" .. _-.!S!.H':.:.'_ IMPORTANT METALLED ROAD" ... " .. ,,, .... ,, .. ,, .... ,, .. ,, ____
UNMETALLEDROAD, "'''' .. ' ..... , , .. "",, .... ,======RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: METRE GAUGE""", ,1""IIIII~1111111
RIVER AND STREAM""" ... "",, ...... ,,"""'" .~ FOREST AREA...... "."" ... " " .. POST OFFICE I POST AND TELEijRAPH OFFICE."" ._ HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, ...... ;... ", .... " ...... POLICE STATION ..
PRIMARY HEALTH CENTR~JDISPENSARY ...... " .. " ... ",. ~OTE 1. VIllAGE lOCATiOH CODE HUHBER "'S HERGED IHDEPAlPURTm MATERNITY & CHilO WELFARE CENTRE ... "" .. " ..... ,,"" ...... , l. FORESI IREAS SHOWN ,RE NOT CLASSIFIED / ~ MARKET/HAT" "."" ..... ' ..... "" .. " ... " ... ..
35' 45'
'© GOf'!'.O, INOlA COPYRIGHT, I'''. , 76,lO 50' 76 00 10 40 1' I °1'
2f POSITION Of TAHSIL SA'IIER 23° IN DISTRICT INOQRE MADHYA PRADESH S' I, ~ 1.MllEI '---'--' JA1N ( UJ , rrTi8KIlOMflRfl TAHSIL SAWER STRICT , 01 /11'1 ),., DISTRICT INDORE ,. Irt.%~ . IlIW[~ 2 I 0 2 4 6 MILES 1D;PIlP~.~\ r---t I_I_~ \ r ' _,. __ - 'I ~ 'INDDRE\~ 2 1.... 0 i 4 t IIILOMEIRES .,/\ ,~~.~ .I' !v d 2f ()/ r'; \.~~ 0 r .MKOW \ I od t' ,.,j S" rr'II.'I"~' ~ I
REFERENCE
BOUNDARY, DISTRICT .. "., .. "'" '" """ .. ,, .. " ,_,_,_
" TAHSIL,,,,, " .. ",,,,, """"""""_'_'_ VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUMBER ," " HEADQUARTERS: TAHSIL. ,.. ,.", .. VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELOW 200;
200-499; 500-999; 1000-4999 '. , .. " O' ••
UNINHASITED VILLAGES. "" ".,""" URBAN AREA WITH LOCAT ION CODE., " """"'" ~ F.AOW DEPALPUA 50 NATIONAL HIGHWAY .... ,,,,, ".,," """.".".,_N:.::,k:.,.l_
STATE HIGHWAY"" .. "" ...... ,'''"." ",,_..;S~~!!.o17_
IMPORTANT METALLED ROAD". " ... '" ""'''''' ,, ___
UNMETA LLED ROAD"." .... " " ...... "" ... : ======: RS RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: BROAD GAUGE .... ". !fl. _ RS o " " " " METRE GAUGE" .... lllllllt~11i111 zf RIVER & STR£AM ...... "'."" ...... , ...... ~ 220 45 POST OFFICE / POST AND TELEGRAPH OFFICE po/m 45' L HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, " .,
POLICE STATION" , ., " , " " """ PI H05PITAL,PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE,DISPENSARY.".", ~,®, +
MARKET I HAT, MANDIES , ." ,,,,, '" ..."....' I! I D
50' 76 00'
'@ COVT, OF INDIA COPYRICHT, 1984. MAD~YA PRAD~SH , , A 0 T L s t A Vi E TAHSIL INDORE 22' 22 / \ 50' ~, .'" v- DISTRICT INDORE et I 10 I • 6 ~ILES ,? .1 149 ,tJi , I ~ILOWET~H ~
,.l ....\
~ 0- I (' III t REFERENCE Cl D BOUNDARY, DISTRICT... ,,, """,,""'''''''' ... ,'' ,.. ",,"_1_'-- .,~~ £ W ,0 ,~ 4 S TAHSIL.."",,,, ...... ,,'"'' ,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,_,-,- ,.l " VILL~GE WITH LOCATION COOE NUMBER""" r---l " L. ~ ~)~ J HEAOQUARTERS: DISTRICT, TAHSIL" "" """'" ''', @,@ VILLAGES WITH PCfULATION SIZE: BELOW 200,' 40 200-499 ,500-999,IOOO-4999,5000UBOVE" 0'" • J ~ UNINHABITED VILLAGES"",,,,, "'"'' """"" ~ IJRBAIi AREA WITH LOCATION CODE", """, '~ I r NATIONAL HIGHWAY... """ ....:.J!L_ IK!! t STATE HIGHWAY" MmLLED ROAD", , ''''''''''"'''''.,.,, ",--- POSITION OF TAHSIL INOORE IN DISTRICT INDORE UNMETALLED ROAD"""" """"''''''.",,,,, .. ,,, .... =====:==::: os 24 0 24Yll(S ~ ~ RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION: BROAD GAUGE" '----'---.J , "'~ ....,....,___, j 4824 0 4SKllOId~T~Es (} $ ~, METRE GAUGE" " "'''~" ,Ii " " RIVER AND STREAM . """"""""'""",.,,,,. ",,,,,.~ .J 1"''1' ~ ~' ! ~llt~ER 0\; FORm AREA ","" """,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, .. ,,,,"'"'' ~ )' \ IE'HP~}"~A, M fI POST OmCE /POST AND TELEGRAPH OFFICE .. , IO/FlO I ~'INDD!E\*, 0 W ~ll&;l)fI HIGHER SECOHIARY SCHOOL", {'HHOW i j POLICE STATION, ., 11 ; ,.J 11' II' HOSPITAL. PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE,OISPENSARY... . ~,~,+ rIY'k.'~.''''' MOII:-IOmiAlmIHOiH'iIHOI IlmIIIIO, 30' 3d MATERNITY & CHILO WELFARE CENTRE. , '" j. MARKET/HAT, MANDIES" , !,[;;.
50' 10'
@GOVT,ortNbIACOPYRIGHT,1Ut POSITION OF TAHSIL MHOW IN TAH 5I L MADHYA PRADESH DEPALPUR ,2' ~STRICT INDORE \ TAHSIL M~OW 4ri A ,'" l(.1'( \ DISTRICT INDO~E 1IIIlIIlI!Ii(l' ~ , , , fll!LU 1,· f--\ 0 \ ). I. ~ ( ,IIDOI! ,,~ ~ '(. ~ , '0 I.. • ~"'''£ms
".f) Q 0 Wijw' ...... o 24WfL[S 0 r-T""T"""""1" 4IKILOWmH ." 0 ~ J... ~
(J REFERENCE 10UNOARY,DIST!ICT" ,._._,_ TAHSIL ,._,_,_ .. r--;---, JJ 4- VILLAGE WITH LOCATION CODE NUM8£! ' L ______J £t ld HEADOUARTERS: TAHSIL", @ VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: mow 200, f.. o. • ~ 200-499) 500-999; 1000·4999; 5000 &ABOVE. •• • UNINHAIITED VILLAGES, Vl URIAN AREA WITH LOCATION CODE ~ \ NATIONAL HIGHWAY" NNI STATE HIGHWAY,,, , 5n,
METALLE) ROAD I'OJ, ~ UNMETALLED ROAD, '" ", '" ... :'::::::::::=====
R~ ~ RAILWAY LINE WITH ITATION: METRE GAUGE " '" .. I IIII!jIII I S RIVE! AND STREAM, , "'~ ~ TANK" 62 W POST OFFICE/POST ANO TELEGRAPH OFFICE " pO/PIO 0 HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL" 22 i POLICE STATiON '" , P5 2f C NOTE'I,VILLAGE LOCATIOtlCOnf Nulm~ 100 IS NOT D 20 l 51!OllNIN THIS f.lAP, HOSPITAL, PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE, DISPENSARY" ~,@,+ lVILLAGE IjIlrIlLOC~TIOW coa~ NUW.UR 114 UEJ.T£O WKOllv "R MARKET/HAT, MANDIES" S T ASURBANOUTGRO'lTHOff,lHOWT¢'IIN &J::.
m 'Ii-rn'f M~PJClil ,SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY
3
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'!!II .(11 Ifil ;fA ~lf"""lPn 'IP!' IN ~;ftlf fllf,f'tlf """ ~ dm .... -_.;..._..... I!'VIlT .-~-~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 3 • :1 3 "
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25 ';3 63 ~ ~ 25 ~rm -55 56 23 15 ~ 27 ~r 40 39" 119 120 @ :1 ~'t 28 'fo':.rr.:r 59 102- 104 29 i44 i45 3 ~ ~Frr 70 70 30 IU 12(j 4 ~f! ~ff~ 22 22 ~1 :5 8\clWIT 31 m"l: J4 9S 96 6 arr-;rr.w • 32 'lilt 62 62 150 ISO '6 Iii 7 aT"iii'l~ 33 ~ ~o 2 (51 g ~r 34 'flm'WJ 152 132 02 9 anmft 35 ~cfr f~~ 147 148 77 80 1411 to lO aro)3 8lT:mOO 103 l(lZ 40 ~J'ft V?t 8- 11 92 91 ltl- arf1l1l 41 mem 74 76 amRJ 123 123 42 15 42 ~ 41 32 36 hi arri:t'tl If>"t<: 43 lro\~ 27 29 44 !i~ lOS 111 45 'lI:iR=qr 73 72 72 74 17 '.3mfi:nu 46 "f~f~!H~ 152 IS I 115 117 17 18 ~ 47 ~ 17 19 'Q'lITJ $1 94 116 1I11 48 ~ 49 f«l<
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60 I!(¥m 12 15 61 '!Hcrf~ 142 140 84' ~ 174 174
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!IPr IIII' -m ;n"II ~~~ "" IIPI Sf IfPI m;fIo" 'lit. If~ ~ ,------'---""" eau. r-_ _.,A-_-"",, 1971 1981 1971 1981
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23/1~~~Rt III ;qTfitm V9 71 112 ~~ 91 100 144 ~if9fm !12'2 '121 113 qR:ft i[1or III 1M 145 ~f15.6 143 'Ill" il"?'lR1;It 117 ",f~(i+l:!( 14 12 ~137 :137 I4ili["'l <::!( '101 '9& '1 ~ 159 128 ~~ 76 ~ ~ 167 170 160 ~~~f '114 11'1 129 'lfTllTW" 26 24 161 ~. 130 "117 ;J 1-6 ~)m 46 47 131 '11~ 54 53 162 1't~ '118 ITS 163 Jf'lT'f<;T 131 131 164 149 146 132 lTT~ ~ 170 ]69 133 165 ~q') il43 142 'IfR'!'l 133 136 166 .,t~ 47 4'5 ]34 flr:;r~ 94 93 167 m,,~ 1100 "99 135 'l:~~r 69 69 168 ~;~, 136 l!r~ v." 1A lf11f ,tmfhr. ~ ,,'" ., IIt'PI ~ qtlfJ:n ntn ,...-__,.____~ -n.. r--_..J>..,.__ ..... 1971 1981 1971 1981 .. J . 3 4 2 3 4
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~q -.;r. ;r,",~ 'IA W''I llit ;ml '''I"t..mr ~)C if"Cl !PI Wilt ~ 'tT1t r __-A--_.., ,.. Uw:lT ___.,.,--"", "eJlJ 1981 1971 1981 1971
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134 ~T 71 70 135 f~ 10 10 118 ~126 i"i~~T 98 97 144 ~f.tlfT 142 141 127 'l;:m "'l.f"ij"llT 120 119 145 ~fu:n ~ 55 54 128 .nm ~" 37 36 )46 -gtm V~) 145 144 129 <1~iTOf 20 20 147 fl':'lTf"llfT 16 16
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itT 1 SftqQl 142 133 2 Sftf~!fT 62 56 6 arf.fllT 146 127 3 0il11:1~ ~~ 48 46 7 111-;;'l1 4 or~n:TlR. 'tori 97 89 on'fT 96 87 5 sril,lil~ 23 22 8 .nm ti'or 145 132 9
!!pi' ~!l lIfO), ;{J" VIII' IIil ;n1I ,~ ..rr. ;rq1j 'Ii" VA~~
~ r--__"__,-\ ~r r-_...-Jo-..--~ 1971 1981 1971 1981
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