DOCSLIB.ORG

Master's Thesis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Master's Thesis Faculty of Science and Technology MASTER’S THESIS Study program/ Specialization: M.Sc. Petroleum Engineering/ Production Spring semester, 2012 Technology Open Writer: Merve Dulger ………………………………………… (Writer’s signature) Faculty supervisor: Kjell Kåre Fjelde External supervisor(s): Claas Van Der Zwaag Titel of thesis: Deep Water Well Intervention and Fluid Selection Credits (ECTS): 30 Key words: well intervention, deep-water, hydrate prevention. Pages: 44 + enclosure: 21 Stavanger, 12/06/2012 Date/year Frontpage for master thesis Faculty of Science and Technology Decision made by the Dean October 30th 2009 Master of Thesis TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................... 1 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................... 3 ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................................................ 4 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 6 1. WELL INTERVENTION ................................................................................................................................ 8 1.1 Definition ............................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 Types of Well Intervention Methods.................................................................................................. 8 1.2.1 Pumping ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.2 Wireline ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.3 Coiled Tubing (CT) ..................................................................................................................... 10 1.2.4 Hydraulic Workover (HWO) ....................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Units Used In Intervention Operations ............................................................................................ 12 1.3.2 Semi-submersible and Monohull Vessels with Rigid Riser ........................................................ 14 1.3.3 Category B ................................................................................................................................. 16 1.3.4 Category C ................................................................................................................................. 16 2. SUBSEA WELLS ........................................................................................................................................ 17 2.1 Subsea Well vs. Surface Well ............................................................................................................ 17 2.2 Subsea Wellhead and Xmas Trees .................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 Subsea Wellhead ....................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.2 Subsea Xmas Tree ...................................................................................................................... 19 3.1 Riser Based Well Intervention .......................................................................................................... 20 3.2 Riser Based Well Intervention in Operation ..................................................................................... 22 3.3 Riserless Well Intervention............................................................................................................... 23 3.4 RLWI System in Operation ................................................................................................................ 25 4. WELL INTEGRITY AND BARRIERS IN WELL INTERVENTION OPERATIONS............................................... 27 5. CHALLENGES IN DEEP WATER SUBSEA WELL INTERVENTION ............................................................... 30 6. SELECTION AND INJECTION OF HYDRATE PREVENTION FLUIDS ............................................................ 32 6.1 Hydrates and Hydrate Formation ..................................................................................................... 32 6.2 Prevention of Hydrate Formation by Inhibitors ............................................................................... 32 6.2.1 Thermodynamic Inhibitors ........................................................................................................ 32 6.2.2 Methanol vs. MEG ..................................................................................................................... 33 6.2.3 LDHI ........................................................................................................................................... 34 6.3 Hydrate Remediation ....................................................................................................................... 34 DEEP WATER WELL INTERVENTION AND FLUID SELECTION 1 Master of Thesis 6.4 Methanol or MEG Injection in Well Intervention Operations .......................................................... 35 6.4.1 Riser Systems ............................................................................................................................. 35 6.4.2 Riserless Systems ....................................................................................................................... 35 6.6 Risks of Methanol and MEG ............................................................................................................. 36 7. EXAMPLES OF SUBSEA WELL INTERVENTION APPLICATIONS IN SHALLOW AND DEEP WATERS .......... 38 7.1 Wireline Operation On a Subsea Well With a Jack Up Drilling Rig ................................................... 38 7.2 Riserless Light Well Intervention Application in Åsgard Field in North Sea ..................................... 39 7.3 Retrieving Coiled Tubing Stuck Due To Hydrate Formation in Ultra Deep Water ........................... 40 8. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 42 9. REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................... 43 APPENDIX A ................................................................................................................................................ 45 APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................................................ 50 APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................................................ 55 DEEP WATER WELL INTERVENTION AND FLUID SELECTION 2 Master of Thesis LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 – Wireline Surface equipment ........................................................................................................ 9 Figure 2 - Types of wireline cables ............................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3 – The system overview for slickline (3a) and braided line (3b). ................................................... 10 Figure 4 – General surface equipment arrangement of coiled tubing ....................................................... 11 Figure 5 – Hydraulic workover unit surface equipment arrangement ...................................................... 12 Figure 6 - Illustration showing the differences between Categories A, B and C ........................................ 13 Figure 7 - Monohull vessel performing RLWI ............................................................................................. 13 Figure 8 - Island Offshore RLWI vessels and their services ........................................................................ 14 Figure 9 - Deep water well intervention Skandi Aker ................................................................................ 15 Figure 10 - Helix Well Ops's LWI vessels and the extra operations that they can perform ....................... 15 Figure 11 - Illustration of future coming Cat B ........................................................................................... 16 Figure 12 - Demonstration of surface wells (12a) vs subsea wells (12b) ................................................... 17 Figure 13 - Cross section of a subsea wellhead designed by Cameron for deep waters ........................... 18 Figure 14 - Difference between horizontal Xmas tree configuration and vertical Xmas tree configuration ............................................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 15 - Subsea well with a BOP and access by utilizing a drillship and marine risers. ......................... 20 Figure 16 - LWI vessel connected to a subsea
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wellcap® IADC WELL CONTROL ACCREDITATION PROGRAM WELL SERVICING OPERATIONS – SNUBBING CORE CURRICULUM and RELATED JOB SKILLS
    WellCAP® IADC WELL CONTROL ACCREDITATION PROGRAM WELL SERVICING OPERATIONS – SNUBBING CORE CURRICULUM AND RELATED JOB SKILLS FORM WCT-2SS SUPERVISORY LEVEL The purpose of the core curriculum is to identify a body of knowledge and a set of job skills that can be used to provide well control skills for well servicing operations. The curriculum is divided into three certification types: Coiled Tubing, Snubbing, and Wireline (Wireline is presented in document WCT – 2WSW) and within each certification, three levels: Introductory, Fundamental, and Supervisory. Students may complete an individual certification (e.g., Coiled Tubing) or combination certifications (e.g., Coiled Tubing and Snubbing). All knowledge and skills for each individual certification must be addressed when combining certifications. The suggested target students for each core curriculum level are as follows: INTRODUCTORY: New Hires (May also be appropriate for non-technical personnel) FUNDAMENTAL: Helpers, Assistants, “Hands” involved with the operational aspects of the unit and who may act/operate the unit under direct supervision of a certified Unit Operator or Supervisor. SUPERVISORY: Unit Operators, Supervisors, Superintendents, and Project Foreman Upon completion of a well control training course based on curriculum guidelines, the student should be able to perform the job skills in italics identified by a "!" mark (e.g., ! Identify causes of kicks). Form WCT-2SS WellCAP Curriculum Guidelines – Well Servicing - Snubbing Revision 040416 Supervisory Page 1 CORE CURRICULUM
    [Show full text]
  • Ultra-Deepwater Advisory Committee (UDAC) Risk Assessment Technical Support
    (U N C L A S S I F I E D ROUGH DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSE ONLY) Risk Informed Decision Support for UDW Drilling Ultra-Deepwater Advisory Committee (UDAC) Risk Assessment Technical Support Dasari V. Rao, Division Leader, Decision Applications Division Chris Smith and Elena Melchert, DOE Program Oversight (U N C L A S S I F I E D) Operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the DOE/NNSA Summary of LANL AnalysesU N C L A S S I F I E D Status update and a review of preliminary findings • Over the past three decades there has been a steady decrease in ‘major’ kick frequency; more recently, frequency is about 1 in 10 wells. A majority of the kicks occur in the shallower regions where the primary hazard is the release of natural gas, some condensates and synthetic mud to the environs. A small fraction (1 in 100 wells) kick while drilling and cementing in the target region where oil and other condensates present blowout hazard. • Ultra-deep water formations stratigraphy and reservoir properties are significantly different compared to previous operational experience. • Our modeling efforts included development of accident progression event trees that enumerated an exhaustive list of possible accident sequences; barrier analyses that quantified reliability of each barrier; and physics-based well dynamics models that explicitly captured timing of events. We have used a generic well design and well operations that are consistent with IADC and API guidance. • Important barriers in place to mitigate a kick (e.g., Lower Marine Riser connection (LMRP), Blowout Preventer (BOP) and Drill Pipe Safety Valves) are vulnerable to control system and design deficiencies.
    [Show full text]
  • Well Intervention Vessel Categories
    UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 Form 8-K CURRENT REPORT Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): May 24, 2012 Helix Energy Solutions Group, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Minnesota 001-32936 95-3409686 (State or other jurisdiction (Commission File Number) (IRS Employer Identification No.) of incorporation) 400 N. Sam Houston Parkway E., 281-618-0400 77060 Suite 400 (Registrant’s telephone (Zip Code) Houston, Texas number, (Address of principal executive including area code) offices) Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below): |_| Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) |_| Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) |_| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) |_| Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure. Helix Energy Solutions Group, Inc. (the “Company”) is disclosing an updated Company presentation to be used in communications with investors as well as upcoming investor conferences. The presentation materials include an overview of the Company’s strategic areas of focus. The presentation materials are attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and incorporated by reference herein.
    [Show full text]
  • Oilfield-Technology-March-2019-(1).Pdf
    EXPLORATION | DRILLING | PRODUCTION MARCH 2019 From the to the Permian Bakken No matter the shale play, we have the equipment you need to tackle your intervention challenges. Learn more about how our intervention and stimulation equipment helps you handle multi-well and extended-reach operations at nov.com/intervention. © 2019 National Oilwell Varco | All Rights Reserved 47 22 March 2019 Conntentstents Volume 12 Issue 03 03 Comment 27 Collaborative completions Dale Logan, C&J Energy Services and Panos Adamopoulos, Seismos, USA, examine a combination of new technologies designed to optimise horizontal completions. 05 World news 30 Developing a digital future Manoj Nimbalkar, Weatherford International, USA, discusses recent advances 10 Weighing the odds in digital and cloud-based technology designed to drive oilfield productivity. Oilfield Technology Correspondent, Gordon Cope, reviews the state of the upstream industry in the Middle East and Northern Africa. 33 Thinking outside the box Andrew Poerschke, Teddy Mohle and Paul Ryza, Apergy, discuss a new 13 Leveraging legacy data approach to implementing artificial gas lift designed to improve production Jo Firth and Priyabrata Pradhan, CGG, UK, explore the value in in declining wells. reprocessing legacy seismic data sets. 37 Keeping things crystal clear 18 A critical component Simon Larson, Siemens, Sheng Kun Sun, CNPC, and Xiao Ming Sun, Tom Hewitt, Jordan Lewis, and Stephen Forrester, NOV, examine the use Liaohe Petro Engineering Company, review water treatment measures of custom solutions to the challenges of North American coiled tubing. designed to comply with China’s tough new treatment standards. 23 Enhancing tubing technology 41 Well Control Q&A Irma Galvan, Global Tubing, USA, explores how the rise of ‘super lateral’ Oilfield Technology invited experts from Cudd Well Control, Halliburton, wells is driving the optimisation of coiled tubing interventions.
    [Show full text]
  • Future Supply of Oil and Gas from the Gulf of Mexico
    Future Supply of Oil and Gas From the Gulf of Mexico U.S. GEOLOGICAL SUltyEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1294 Future Supply of Oil and Gas From the Gulf of Mexico By E. D. Attanasi and]. L. Haynes U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1294 An engineering-economic costing algorithm combined with a discovery process model to forecast long-run incremental costs of undiscovered oil and gas UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1983 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Attanasi, E. D. Future supply of oil and gas from the Gulf of Mexico. (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1294) Bibliography: p. 1. Petroleum in submerged lands Mexico, Gulf of. 2. Gas, Natural, in submerged lands Mexico, Gulf of. I. Haynes, J. (John), 1954- . II. Title. III. Series: Geological Survey professional paper ; 1294. TN872.A5A87 1983 553.2'8'0916364 83-600030 ____ ____________ For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Engineering-economic model 3 Methodology 3 Engineering data and assumptions 5 Field classification 5 Field design 6 Production schedules of oil and nonassociated gas wells 7 Economic assumptions and variables 8 Field development costs 8 Production costs and production related taxes 9 Assumptions for after-tax net present value calculations 10 Exploration costs 10 Industry behavior and market conditions 10 Forecasting future discoveries 11 Discovery process model 11 Estimated marginal cost functions for undiscovered recoverable oil and gas resources in the Gulf of Mexico 12 Conclusions and implications 16 References cited 16 Appendix A 17 Appendix B 20 ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Manufacturer Annular BOP: Choke and Kill Valves: Wellhead Connector
    Rig Name: Equipment Owner: The purchaser or renter of the equipment to be installed onto the Equipment User: The company that owns the well, wellhead or wellhead assembli Name: Person(s) Completing Name: Document: Name: Name: Time to Complete Document (hours): Number of Shear Rams: Number of Sealing Shear Rams: Test Ram Installed: BOP Classification Size Manufacturer Ram Type BOP: Annular BOP: Choke and Kill Valves: Wellhead Connector: LMRP Connector: Choke Manifold: e wellhead or wellhead assemblies. ies on which the equipment is to be installed. Title: Title: Title: Title: Press. Rating Model 1 Scope 1.1 Purpose 1.1.1 The purpose of this standard is to provide requirements on the installation and testing of blowout prevention equipment systems on land and marine drilling rigs (barge, platform, bottom-supported, and floating). Blowout preventer equipment systems are comprised of a combination of various components. The following components are required for operation under varying rig and well conditions: a) blowout preventers (BOPs); b) choke and kill lines; 1.1.2 c) choke manifolds; d) control systems; e) auxiliary equipment. 1.1.3 The primary functions of these systems are to confine well fluids to the wellbore, provide means to add fluid to the wellbore, and allow controlled volumes to be removed from the wellbore. Diverters, shut-in devices, and rotating head systems (rotating control devices) are not addressed in this standard (see API 64 and API 16RCD, respectively); their primary purpose is to safely divert or direct flow rather than to confine fluids to the 1.1.4 wellbore. 1.2 Well Control 1.2 Procedures and techniques for well control are not included in this standard since they are beyond the scope of equipment systems contained herein.
    [Show full text]
  • Oil and Gas Operator Representative Workover and Intervention Well Control
    Oil and Gas Operator Representative Workover and Intervention Well Control Curriculum, Course Delivery Requirements, and Related Learning Objectives Form WSP-02-WS-OGO Revision 0 27 September 2017 © IADC 2017 COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT All rights reserved. No part of this document may be distributed outside of the recipient’s organization unless authorized by the International Association of Drilling Contractors. Related Learning Objectives for WellSharp® Oil and Gas Operator Representative-Workover/Intervention Well Control Contents 1.0 Oil and Gas Operator Representative Course Overview........................................................................................................................................ 3 2.0 Curriculum .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Risk Awareness and Management ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Organizing a Well Control Operation ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Well Control Principles & Calculations ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.4
    [Show full text]
  • UT3 2012 August
    August 2012 UT3 The magazine of the Society for Underwater Technology Pipelay Vessel Underwater Vehicles Sonar 1 UT2 August 2012 UT2 August 2012 2 Contents August 2012 UT2 The magazine of the Society for Underwater Technology For a PDF version of this document that can be Pipelay Vessel Underwater Vehicles uploaded onto an Ipad, Sonar please send an email to 1 UT2 May 2012 The Seven Borealis August 2012 [email protected] Vol 7 No 3 and I shall send a copy via DropBox UT3 Society for Underwater Technology 1 Fetter Lane London EC4A 1BR +44 (0) 1480 370007 Editor: John Howes [email protected] Sub Editor: Michaelagh Broadbent [email protected] Advertising: Stephen Habermel Published by UT2 Publishing Ltd for and on behalf of the Society for Underwater Technology. Reproduction of UT2 in whole or in part, without permission, is Production: Sue Denham prohibited. The publisher and the SUT assumes no responsibility for unsolicited Design Angus McOatup material, nor responsibility for content of any advertisement, particularly infringement of copyrights, trademarks, intellectual property rights and patents, nor liability for misrepresentations, false or misleading statements and illustrations. These are the sole responsibility of the advertiser. Opinions of the writers are not necessarily those of the SUT or the publishers. ISSN: 1752-0592 3 UT2 August 2012 News News Teledyne Blueview GE Naxys BlueView Technologies has entered GE has entered into an agreement will strengthen CEONA’s ability to into an agreement to be acquired by to acquire Naxys. The company win and execute business. Primarily Teledyne RD Instruments USA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Oil and Natural Gas Industry
    The Economic Impacts of the Gulf of Mexico Oil and Natural Gas Industry Prepared For Prepared By Executive Summary Introduction Despite the current difficulties facing the global economy as a whole and the oil and natural gas industry specifically, the Gulf of Mexico oil and natural gas industry will likely continue to be a major source of energy production, employment, gross domestic product, and government revenues for the United States. Several proposals have been advanced recently which would have a major impact on the industry’s activity levels, and the economic activity supported by the Gulf of Mexico offshore oil and natural gas industry. The proposals vary widely, but for the purpose of this report three scenarios were developed, a scenario based on a continuation of current policies and regulations, a scenario examining the potential impacts of a ban on new offshore leases, and a scenario examining the potential impacts of a ban on new drilling permits approvals in the Gulf of Mexico. Energy and Industrial Advisory Partners (EIAP) was commissioned by the National Ocean Industry Association (NOIA) to develop a report forecasting activity levels, spending, oil and natural gas production, supported employment, GDP, and Government Revenues in these scenarios. The scenarios developed in this report are based solely upon government and other publicly available data and EIAP’s own expertise and analysis. The study also included profiles of NOIA members to demonstrate the diverse group of companies which make up the offshore Gulf of Mexico oil and natural gas industry as well as a list of over 2,400 suppliers to the industry representing all 50 states.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Well Global Services Brief
    GLOBAL SERVICES BRIEF 2021 wildwell.com V. 04 LOCATIONS Corporate Office Drilling Technology Center 2202 Oil Center Court Houston, Texas 77073 USA Regional Response Locations UNITED STATES Houston, Texas Odessa, Texas Greeley, Colorado Roaring Branch, Pennsylvania INTERNATIONAL Aberdeen, Scotland Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Dubai, UAE Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Port Harcourt, Nigeria Stavanger, Norway Singapore Well Control Training Centers UNITED STATES Houston, Texas Corpus Christi, Texas Odessa, Texas Tyler, Texas Lafayette, Louisiana Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Casper, Wyoming Williston, North Dakota Canonsburg, Pennsylvania Global Services Brief +1.281.784.4700 // wildwell.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Corporate Overview ..................................................................1 Forensic Studies .....................................................................12 Emergency Response Services ............................................5 Design to Industry Standards ..................................................12 Blowout & Well Control Response ............................................5 Fitness for Purpose Assessment .............................................12 Pressure Control ......................................................................5 Risk Management Services ................................................13 Well Control Engineering Services .......................................6 Well Control Emergency Response Plans ................................13 Blowout Rate Modeling (Worst Case Discharge Analysis)
    [Show full text]
  • How to Solve Your Long Lateral Problems
    A Deep Well Services White Paper in Conjunction with SPE Penn State How to Solve Your Long Lateral Problems Trevor Heyl, Senior Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Student at The Pennsylvania State University & Matt Tourigny, VP of Marketing at Deep Well Services www.deepwellservices.com Table of Contents Executive Summary..……………...……………………………………….……….…..….. 2 Challenges with Longer Laterals ……………………………………….…………..……. 2 Existing Solutions ……………………………..…………………………………….….….. 3 Coiled Tubing …….………….….……….…….……………………………………..… 3 Rig-Assist Snubbing Units.……………..………..................................................… 4 Hydraulic Completion Units..….………………………………………………….……..… 5 Cost Comparison ……………………………………………………………………..... 7 HCU Technologies …………………………………………………………………....... 8 Case Studies ……………………………..……..……..………………………….……….. 11 What to Look for in a Solution …….………………………………...…………….…….. 17 Conclusion …………..……………..…..…..….……….……………………………..….... 17 Deep Well Services ………….……..…...……..………………………………………….. 18 Page | 1 Executive Summary Longer laterals impose challenges with current completion methods. The low-price environment in the oil and gas field forces operators to focus on cost-saving methods anywhere practical. Wells with longer laterals have become more prominent in the industry due to their additional contact with the formation, increased productivity and the ability to save money. However, conventional completion methods are a limiting factor due to their decreasing efficiencies with respect to lateral length and problems that thereby
    [Show full text]
  • Coiled-Tubing Technology (1995-1998)
    Coiled-Tubing Technology (1995-1998) DEA-67 Phase I1 PROJECT TO DEVELOP AND EVALUATE COILED-TUBING AND SLIM-HOLE TECHNOLOGY MAURER ENGINEERING INC. 2916 West T.C. Jester Boulevard Houston, TX 77018-7098 Telephone: (713) 683-8227 Facsimile: (713) 683-6418 Internet: http://www.maureng.com E-Mail: [email protected] TR98-10 April 1998 The copyrighted 1998 confidential report is for the use of Participants on the Drilling Engineering Association DEA-67 PHASE II project to Develop and Evaluate Coiled-Tubing and Slim-Hole Technology and their affiliates, and is not to be disclosed to other parties. Participants and their aff~liatesare free to make copies of this report for their own use. F Coiled-Tubing Technology (1995-1998) TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter ARTIFICIALLIFT ..............................................................1 BUCKLING ....................................................................2 CEMENTING ................................................................... 3 COILEDWBING ............................................................... 4 DRILLING ..................................................................... 5 FATIGUE ......................................................................6 FISHING ....................................................................... 7 LOGGING ..................................................................... 8 OVERVIEW ....................................................................9 PIPELINES .................................................................... 10 PRODUCTIONSTRINGS
    [Show full text]