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Fraud and the Darknets
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division Fraud And The Darknets Thomas Harper Assistant Special Agent in Charge Technology Crimes Division OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division What is an OIG? • Established by Congress • Independent agency that reports to Congress • Agency head appointed by the President and confirmed by Congress • Mission: protect the taxpayer’s interests by ensuring the integrity and efficiency of the associated agency OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division Technology Crimes Division • Investigate criminal cyber threats against the Department’s IT infrastructure, or • Criminal activity in cyber space that threatens the Department’s administration of Federal education assistance funds • Investigative jurisdiction encompasses any IT system used in the administration of Federal money originating from the Department of Education. OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division Work Examples • Grade hacking • Computer Intrusions • Criminal Forums online selling malware • ID/Credential theft to hijack Student Aid applications • Misuse of Department systems to obtain personal information • Falsifying student aid applications by U.S. government employees • Child Exploitation material trafficking OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division Fraud and the Darknets Special Thanks to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCEN) OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division Fraud and the Darknets OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. Department of Education Technology Crimes Division OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL U.S. -
August 10, 2011 Broadcasting Board of Governors International
August 10, 2011 Broadcasting Board of Governors International Broadcasting Bureau Office of Engineering Cohen Building, Room 4300 330 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20237 Attn: Malita Dyson Dear Ms. Dyson, Below is our thirty-ninth invoice for contract number BBGCON1808C6700, Accounting Appropri ation Data 9568-08-0206-E009701048A. There are no travel costs. Services rendered include blocking resistance architecture and testing, scalability and promotion and advocacy for the Tor network, and other detailed tasks under 0001 of our contract as confirmed in our status reports to BBG. Please do not hesitate to email me at [email protected] or call me at (b) (6) if there are any questions. Invoice 39: Period Months Rate Cost 06/17/2011 - 07/17/2011 1 $15,000 $15,000 Thank you. Sincerely, Andrew Lewman Executive Director TorProject Invoice BBG08102011 The Tor Project, Inc. 969 Main Street, Suite 206, Walpole, MA 02081-2972 USA https://www.torproject.org/ From: Andrew Lewman. Executive Director To: Kelly DeYoe, program officer, BBG RE: contract BBGCON1807S6441 Date: August 10, 2011 This report documents progress in July 2011 on contract BBGCON1807S6441 between BBG and The Tor Project. New releases, new hires, new funding New Releases 1. On July 7, we released Torbutton 1.4.0. The addon has been disabled on addons.mozilla.org. Our URL is now canonical. This release features support for Firefox 5.0, and has been tested against the vanilla release for basic functionality. However, it has not been audited for Network Isolation, State Separation, Tor Undiscoverability or Interoperability issues[l] due to toggling under Firefox 5. -
Tor and Circumvention: Lessons Learned
Tor and circumvention: Lessons learned Nick Mathewson The Tor Project https://torproject.org/ 1 What is Tor? Online anonymity 1) open source software, 2) network, 3) protocol Community of researchers, developers, users, and relay operators Funding from US DoD, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Voice of America, Google, NLnet, Human Rights Watch, NSF, US State Dept, SIDA, ... 2 The Tor Project, Inc. 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to the research and development of tools for online anonymity and privacy Not secretly evil. 3 Estimated ~250,000? daily Tor users 4 Anonymity in what sense? “Attacker can’t learn who is talking to whom.” Bob Alice Alice Anonymity network Bob Alice Bob 5 Threat model: what can the attacker do? Alice Anonymity network Bob watch Alice! watch (or be!) Bob! Control part of the network! 6 Anonymity isn't cryptography: Cryptography just protects contents. “Hi, Bob!” “Hi, Bob!” Alice <gibberish> attacker Bob 7 Anonymity isn't just wishful thinking... “You can't prove it was me!” “Promise you won't look!” “Promise you won't remember!” “Promise you won't tell!” “I didn't write my name on it!” “Isn't the Internet already anonymous?” 8 Anonymity serves different interests for different user groups. Anonymity “It's privacy!” Private citizens 9 Anonymity serves different interests for different user groups. Anonymity Businesses “It's network security!” “It's privacy!” Private citizens 10 Anonymity serves different interests for different user groups. “It's traffic-analysis resistance!” Governments Anonymity Businesses “It's network security!” “It's privacy!” Private citizens 11 Anonymity serves different interests for different user groups. -
Tor: the Second-Generation Onion Router (2014 DRAFT V1)
Tor: The Second-Generation Onion Router (2014 DRAFT v1) Roger Dingledine Nick Mathewson Steven Murdoch The Free Haven Project The Free Haven Project Computer Laboratory [email protected] [email protected] University of Cambridge [email protected] Paul Syverson Naval Research Lab [email protected] Abstract Perfect forward secrecy: In the original Onion Routing We present Tor, a circuit-based low-latency anonymous com- design, a single hostile node could record traffic and later munication service. This Onion Routing system addresses compromise successive nodes in the circuit and force them limitations in the earlier design by adding perfect forward se- to decrypt it. Rather than using a single multiply encrypted crecy, congestion control, directory servers, integrity check- data structure (an onion) to lay each circuit, Tor now uses an ing, configurable exit policies, anticensorship features, guard incremental or telescoping path-building design, where the nodes, application- and user-selectable stream isolation, and a initiator negotiates session keys with each successive hop in practical design for location-hidden services via rendezvous the circuit. Once these keys are deleted, subsequently com- points. Tor is deployed on the real-world Internet, requires promised nodes cannot decrypt old traffic. As a side benefit, no special privileges or kernel modifications, requires little onion replay detection is no longer necessary, and the process synchronization or coordination between nodes, and provides of building circuits is more reliable, since the initiator knows a reasonable tradeoff between anonymity, usability, and ef- when a hop fails and can then try extending to a new node. -
Versatile Exploitation Techniques: Drone Hacking and Jamming with Raspberry-Pi and Wi-Fi Pineapple
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9, Issue-1, November 2019 Versatile Exploitation Techniques: Drone Hacking and Jamming with Raspberry-Pi and Wi-Fi Pineapple J Caroline El Fiorenza, Revanth Kumar Lokku, Kirthika Sivakumar, M Reene Stephanie Unmanned aerial (UAVs) vehicles, or drones, are an Abstract—The utilization of Internet-of-Things (IoT) unmanned aerial vehicle that has no pilot ready, and are innovation is developing exponentially as more shoppers and explored by either a remote control, or by ready PCs. Drones organizations recognize the benefits offered by the savvy and are normally partitioned into three unique sorts of classes: (a) shrewd gadgets. The major purpose of this paper arose due to the reason that since drone innovation is a quickly rising segment recreational, (b) business and (c) military drones. inside the IoT and the danger of hacking couldn't just purpose an The expansion of recreational drone usage has prompted information break, it could likewise represent a noteworthy discourses in regards to the security of the unregulated drone hazard to the open well-being. On account of their flexible usage, and how to maintain a strategic distance from specialist applications and access to ongoing data, commercial drones are abusing airspace rules. At a similar time as buyers utilized used across a wide variety of smart city applications. However, with many IoT devices, security is frequently an untimely idea, drones as specialists, organizations have progressively leaving numerous drones helpless against programmers. What is investigated utilizing rambles for business use. being done in this paper is that this paper examines the present In 2016 they uncovered that they were trying a conveyance condition of automation security and exhibits a lot of Wi-Fi administration where clients could get little bundles up to five empowered drone vulnerabilities. -
The Dark Net Free
FREE THE DARK NET PDF Jamie Bartlett | 320 pages | 12 Mar 2015 | Cornerstone | 9780099592020 | English | London, United Kingdom What Is the Dark Net? A dark net or darknet is an overlay network within the Internet that can only be accessed with specific software, configurations, or The Dark Net, [1] and often uses a unique customised communication protocol. Two typical darknet types are social networks [2] usually used for file hosting with a peer-to-peer connection[3] and anonymity proxy networks such as Tor via an anonymized series of connections. The term The Dark Net was popularised by major news outlets to associate with Tor Onion serviceswhen the infamous drug bazaar Silk Road used it, [4] despite the terminology being unofficial. Technology such as TorI2Pand Freenet was intended to defend digital rights by providing security, anonymity, or censorship resistance and is used for both illegal and legitimate reasons. Anonymous communication between whistle- blowersactivists, journalists and news organisations is also facilitated The Dark Net darknets through use of applications such as SecureDrop. The term originally The Dark Net computers on ARPANET that were hidden, programmed to receive messages but not respond to or acknowledge anything, thus remaining invisible, in the dark. Since ARPANETthe usage of dark net has expanded to include friend-to-friend networks usually used for file sharing with a peer-to-peer connection and privacy networks such as Tor. The term "darknet" is often used interchangeably with The Dark Net " dark web " due to the quantity of hidden services on Tor 's darknet. The term is often inaccurately used interchangeably with the deep web due to Tor's history as a platform that could not be search-indexed. -
Examining Older Users' Online Privacy-Enhancing
EXAMINING OLDER USERS’ ONLINE PRIVACY-ENHANCING EXPERIENCE FROM A HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION PERSPECTIVE BY HSIAO-YING HUANG DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy in Informatics in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2019 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Assistant Professor Masooda Bashir, Chair Associate Professor Nikita Borisov Professor Wendy Rogers Professor Michael Twidale ABSTRACT The advancement of Internet technologies, including instant and unlimited access to information and services, has been an excellent source of support for older adults. However, pervasive and continuous online tracking can pose severe threats to older adults’ information privacy. Surprisingly, very few empirical studies have focused on older users’ online privacy-enhancing experience from a Human-Computer Interaction perspective. Therefore, it remains unclear how older users protect their online information privacy and what factors influence their online behaviors. Thus, my thesis aims to study older users’ online privacy-enhancing experience by examining the following questions: 1) what older users know and do to protect their online information privacy, 2) how their emotional state influences their adoption of privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs), and 3) what usability challenges they encounter while using one of the most popular PETs currently available to the public. To examine these questions, a diverse set of empirical approaches was adopted, including a survey, a quasi-experiment, and a usability study. My research findings suggest that three are three elements that play a crucial role in older users' online privacy-enhancing practices. First, older users' knowledge of online privacy has a significant influence on their daily online privacy protection behaviors. -
Linux Fundamentals – Part 1
Linux Fundamentals – Part 1 Setup and the stuff you didn’t know you know … Objective of today’s byte Installation of a Virtual Machine and Linux distribution First step to understanding Linux, is to quite simply install it! We will cover: 1. Basic installation on a windows based PC of a Virtual Machine (VM) 2. Installation of a Linux distribution 3. Startup of the Linux distribution ready for use Observation Observation and navigation of the Graphical user Interface (GUI) of different Linux distributions: 1. Understanding the layout 2. Identify icons 3. Identify Programs 4. Link known windows based programs to similar Linux programs Application Use common Linux programs: 1. Use common Linux programs to - Create a document - Create a Picture - Use the web and search The Why This one is simple, the IT world is ever changing and ever growing. With the exception of Skynet becoming active (joke) humans and the interactions they have with software will continualy evolve. The technology we have in our pocket is vastly superior to the technological age of 20 years ago. And if that phone in your pocket is “obsolete” in a year or two, we as IT professionals must keep up with the current advances or strive to push it forward. The basics of this is awareness and understanding. Maybe before today you didn’t know even what Linux was, believing that there were only two, Windows and Apple OS. Hopefully by the end of this byte, you will have a rough awareness of another system, and be surprised at what you already new about it. -
Technical and Legal Overview of the Tor Anonymity Network
Emin Çalışkan, Tomáš Minárik, Anna-Maria Osula Technical and Legal Overview of the Tor Anonymity Network Tallinn 2015 This publication is a product of the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (the Centre). It does not necessarily reflect the policy or the opinion of the Centre or NATO. The Centre may not be held responsible for any loss or harm arising from the use of information contained in this publication and is not responsible for the content of the external sources, including external websites referenced in this publication. Digital or hard copies of this publication may be produced for internal use within NATO and for personal or educational use when for non- profit and non-commercial purpose, provided that copies bear a full citation. www.ccdcoe.org [email protected] 1 Technical and Legal Overview of the Tor Anonymity Network 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Tor and Internet Filtering Circumvention ....................................................................................... 4 2.1. Technical Methods .................................................................................................................. 4 2.1.1. Proxy ................................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.2. Tunnelling/Virtual Private Networks ............................................................................... 5 -
Paul Syverson U.S
Theory and Design of Low-latency Anonymity Systems (Lecture 2) Paul Syverson U.S. Naval Research Laboratory [email protected] http://www.syverson.org 1 Course Outline Lecture 1: • Usage examples, basic notions of anonymity, types of anonymous comms systems • Crowds: Probabilistic anonymity, predecessor attacks Lecture 2: • Onion routing basics: simple demo of using Tor, network discovery, circuit construction, crypto, node types and exit policies • Economics, incentives, usability, network effects 2 Course Outline Lecture 3: • Formalization and analysis, possibilistic and probabilistic definitions of anonymity • Hidden services: responder anonymity, predecessor attacks revisited, guard nodes Lecture 4: • Link attacks • Trust 3 Tor Demo Background Tor is an onion routing system for anonymous communication • Initially a project at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory • The Tor Project Inc. is now a U.S. nonprofit 501 (c) (3) • Network comprised of thousands of volunteer nodes from around the world • Free and open software maintained by the Tor Project, used by hundreds of thousands 4 Getting Tor 5 Vidalia: Tor’s GUI 6 Vidalia: Tor’s GUI 7 8 The Web through Tor and TorButton 9 10 Low-latency systems are vulnerable to end-to-end correlation attacks. Low-latency: Alice1 sends: match! Bob2 gets: Alice2 sends: Bob1 gets: match! Time High-latency: Alice1 sends: Alice2 sends: Bob1 gets: ..... Bob2 gets: ..... These attacks work in practice. The obvious defenses are expensive (like high-latency), useless, or both. 11 Multiple relays so that no single one can betray Alice. Alice Bob R1 R3 R4 R5 R2 12 For Onion Routing: A corrupt first hop can tell that Alice is talking, but not to whom. -
Online Course Orientation Manual
Online Course Orientation Student Policies and Procedures A member of: Georgia Virtual Technical Connection December 2020 Table of Contents Georgia Virtual Technical Connection (GVTC) ................................................................ 4 Getting Started With Your Online Class .......................................................................... 5 Student Email Access ..................................................................................................... 7 BLACKBOARD ................................................................................................................ 8 Office 365 ........................................................................................................................ 9 Installing Office 365 Applications to Your Personal Computer ...................................... 10 For PC ........................................................................................................................ 10 For Mac ...................................................................................................................... 16 Accessing Office 365 ..................................................................................................... 22 BannerWeb ................................................................................................................... 22 Weekly Student Engagement ........................................................................................ 22 Proctored Event Requirement ...................................................................................... -
Lattepanda Security
Latte Panda For Security Distros? Hello reader, One of the SBC's I'm tinkering with at the moment is the Latte Panda by DFRobot. A 64 bit Windows 10 capable maker board with an Intel Cherry Trail SOC that sports an integrated Intel HD. Out of the box the system does require a steady and strong power supply. And as many of the reviews are focused on it's Windows 10 performance... Let's talk Linux. Yes we tried Bunsen Labs - Grub 2 didn't cooperate but otherwise it worked fine. For a variety of makers, the distributions of Linux that will work on the Latte Panda is increasing slowly with it's popularity. The original "It will only work with Ubuntu," is gone and replaced with, "It does Debian,AlwaysInTao.com and Debian based Distros to varying authored degrees of capability. by This Brian is largely in Taylor part due to the recent kernel upgrades that account for Cherry Trail. It can handle Android and with a bit of research possibly other operating systems provided they have reasonably well set uefi settings - and of course certain window managers aren't the default. (Examples like gnome loading only a blank screen etc are part of the fun of testing.) Video courtesy of ExplainingComputers Kali works, Parrot OS works provided you can work around the default mate panels not loading, and my experience with the speed of the system has been pleasant. There are programs that seem to be a challenge to the intel chip - but mostly that depends on what kind of system you are on.