DOCSLIB.ORG

Hybrid Rice R&D Program at IRRI

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Hybrid Rice R&D Program at IRRI Fangming Xie IRRI Dec. 12-13, 2011, Sanya, China 4.3 0.6 Hybrid rice R&D outside China started in the later of 70’s & earlier of 80’s, but no significant commercial production until 2000’s: (1) a gap of 20 yrs (1980-2000) between research & production (>0.5 million ha) (2) a gap of 15 yrs (1991-2005) from the 1 st hybrid release to 2 million ha (China in 1 yr) Hybrid Rice Status in Major Hybrid Rice Countries (2009) Country China Bangladesh India Indonesia Philippines Viet Nam USA Myanmar Total Rice Area (million ha) 29.9 11.4 41.9 12.9 4.5 7.4 1.3 8.0 % of Hybrid Rice In Total Rice Area 52.1 7.0 3.9 5.0 4.4 10.1 15.9 1.0 Hybrid Rice Released for Commercial Production in the Philippines More hybrids released recently Hybrid yield increased (6.6 t/ha currently) Since 1994, 44 hybrids released for commercial production in the Philippines, 11 from IRRI Hybrid Rice Area in India 2000 1500 1000 AreaArea (000(000500 ha) ha) 0 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 Year Hybrid Rice Area in Total Rice Area = 3.86% (2009) Area (000 ha) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1992 1993 1994 Vietnam In Area Rice Hybrid 1995 1996 Hybrid Rice Area in Total Rice Area 10.1% (2009) =Area Rice inTotal Area Rice Hybrid 1997 1998 Vietnam in Rice Production Hybrid 1999 Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Yield (t/ha) 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.0 1992 1993 1994 YieldRice Vietnam In Hybrid 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Average Trend of Hybrid Rice Development Public Private Outside Outside China China China China R & D Commercialization Private and public sectors for Hybrid Rice • Advantages of private companies – Product-oriented R & D pipelines – Large scale of seed production & processing – Marketing • Advantages of public sector & IRRI – Technology research & innovation – Diverse germplasm & long term breeding – Collaboration, network & capacity building – Public interest Hybrid Rice Development Consortium (HRDC) • Complementary Advantages – Enhance steady stream of innovation & research outputs – Improve product accessibility & commercial use – Involvement of private sector in ensuring sustainable growth of hybrid rice • Established by IRRI in 2008, w/ 38 public & private organizations HRDC Objectives • Support research for parent and hybrid development – Hybrid rice research (heterosis & other traits); – Develop hybrids & parents and share w/ partners • Provide information on the performance of hybrids & develop best management practices • Support information sharing, public awareness & capacity building 2011 HRDC Organization Country * Private Public Country Private Public Bangladesh 1 2 Iran 2 Belgium 1 Malaysia 1 2 Benin 1 Mali 1 China 1 6 Myanmar 1 Colombia 1 1 Pakistan 1 Costa Rica 1 Philippines 1 Dominican Republic 1 Singapore 1 Egypt 1 Sri Lanka 1 Germany 1 Thailand 1 India 17 3 USA 2 2 Indonesia 1 1 Vietnam 1 Total: Private = 27 , Public = 30 * The country is the member registered country in HRDC Hybrid Rice Breeding Materials Materials 2010 2011 New Crosses for breeding 182 252 New Hybrids Tested 2886 2249 F2 Population 72 127 AxB Pairs 1203 950 Breeding Lines > F2 8743 8324 Total Breeding Lines 13,086 11,902 Stage IV (AYT) Hybrids Tested 200 220 Parent and Hybrid Seed Production 300 Seed Production Plot Hybrid/Parent Combination 250 200 150 Number 100 50 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Year Seed Production Plot = small scale of seed production Hybrid combination = hybrids > Stage 1 IRRI Hybrids Released Commercially in the Philippines from 1994 IRRI Code Hybrid Name Year IR81949H Mestizo 32 2011 IR80637H Mestiso 31 2011 IR84714H Mestizo 30 2011 IR82372H Mestizo 26 2010 IR82363H Mestizo 25 2010 IR83199H Mestizo 21 2009 IR78386H Mestizo 7 2006 IR75217H Mestizo 3 2002 IR75207H Mestizo 2 2002 IR68284H Mestizo 1 1997 IR64616H Magat 1994 Yield (kg/ha) of IRRI hybrids tested since 2008 & compared with IR75217H DS Data Point Yield % > CK WS Data Point Yield % > CK IR82385H 1 7700 8.0 IR82385H 7 7350 14.8 IR85471H 7 7653 7.4 IR82396H 9 7101 11.0 IR82366H 2 7593 6.5 IR79118H 1 6950 8.6 IR81958H 17 7444 4.4 IR82392H 1 6736 5.3 IR83202H 4 7345 3.0 IR85471H 9 6720 5.0 IR86169H 3 7264 1.9 IR85469H 1 6717 5.0 IR81955H 8 7228 1.4 IR83201H 18 6685 4.5 IR82386H 25 7205 1.1 IR84711H 11 6649 3.9 IR85465H 2 7150 0.3 IR81959H 1 6610 3.3 IR84713H 2 7148 0.3 IR82362H 1 6576 2.8 IR75217H 35 7128 IR83199H 24 6557 2.5 IR81958H 16 6473 1.1 IR81972H 1 6442 0.7 IR75217H 42 6400 More hybrids, better than hybrid CK, in the pipeline IRRI hybrid rice germplasm shared with partners 4000 HRDC has 57 public 3500 and private sector members 3000 Others 2500 HRDC Bangladesh Formed Vietnam 2000 End of 38 members Indonesia ADB 1500 project China Philippines 1000 India 500 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 JAAS-HRDC Hybrid Rice Training, 2010 (7). 2011 (14) 2008 2009 Multiple Replicated Yield Trials (MRYT) HRDC Member MRYT Location X A Seeds Y B Seeds Z C HRDC-IRRI Data Data 2010 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 8500 HRDC 7864 HRDC1048 8158 HRDC 7792 HRDC1050 7161 HRDC 7760 HRDC1038 6568 HRDC 7574 HRDC1016 6427 HRDC 7533 HRDC1014 6363 HRDC 7498 HRDC1046 6193 HRDC 7479 IRRI HybridHRDC1022 CK 6164 HRDC 7447 HRDC1043 6097 HRDC 7340 HRDC1042 6091 HRDC 7327 HRDC1039 5982 HRDC 7313 HRDC1044 5937 HRDC 7312 HRDC1006 5884 HRDC 7284 HRDC1040 5837 HRDC 7199 HRDC1017 5825 HRDC 7146 HRDC1008 5763 HRDC 7119 HRDC1041 5682 HRDC 7047 HRDC1045 5666 HRDC 6985 HRDC1047 5632 HRDC 6888 HRDC1030 5508 HRDC 6710 HRDC1053 5495 HRDC 6697 HRDC1018 5482 IRRI Inbred CK HRDC1052 5465 HRDC 6695 5447 HRDC 6684 HRDC1003 HRDC1004 5420 HRDC 6583 5398 HRDC 6570 HRDC1001 2010DS 2010WS MRYT Yield Comparison Hybrid rice adoption in India: farm-level impacts and challenges Haryana (Basmati) Uttar Pradesh (regular hybrids) Chattisgarh (regular hybrids) Andhra Pradesh (seed production) Hybrid rice adoption in India: farm-level impacts and challenges Chattisgarh Uttar Pradesh Haryana Details (east) (north) (Basmati) Sample size 61 64 60 Farm size (ha) 6.6 2.0 10.0 Hybrid Inbred Hybrid Inbred Hybrid Inbred Hybrid Yield (t/ha) 4.5 3.3 6.2 5.0 7.5 7.3 Advantage of Hybrid (%) 36.4 24.0 3.0 Net Return ($) 539 478 597 444 839 826 Economic grain of hybrid (%) 12.8 34.5 1.6 Cost of Production ($/t) 135 143 71 85 105 105 1. Side-by-Side Comparison 2. Aldas Janaiah (ANGRAU) 2008/9 Hybrid Rice Impact Study - HRDC Yield Performance of Hybrid Rice, 2008-09 WS (t/ha) State Hybrid Inbred Gain % Gain Chattisgarh 4.5 3.3 1.2 36 Uttar Pradesh 6.2 5.0 1.2 24 Haryana (Basmati hybrid) 7.5 7.3 0.2 3 Yield Gain and Profitability of Hybrid Rice in India 40 30 20 % 10 0 1993-95 1997-98 2000-01 2008-09 -10 -20 Year % yield gain % net income HRDC members select breeding lines & observe MRYT Hybrid rice research priorities at IRRI • Increase and stabilize yields of seed production • Enhance yield heterosis in both dry and wet seasons to >20% • Improve hybrid rice grain quality – Reduce chalk – Increase head rice recovery • Improve resistance to biotic stresses • Develop hybrids for unfavorable environments • Improve breeding efficiency ( biotech ) Other on-going Hybrid Rice R & D at IRRI • Developing hybrid rice parents & hybrids using conventional & molecular marker technologies – Yield and yield heterosis – Bacterial blight resistance – Submergence tolerance – Drought tolerance – Low chalk – Outcrossing • Heterosis study – genetics & molecular markers IRRI Hybrid Rice Parents ( 278 ) genotyped with 21 SSRs using LiCor 4300 Dendrogram by DARwin 5 using Simple Matching dissimilarity and unweighted Neighbor Joining Genotyping and scoring by M. Baraoidan, S. Quilloy, J. Ferrater Phylogenetic analysis by K. McNally 73 B (100%) 7 B (30%) 16 R (70%) IR58025 B ZS97 B 5 R (100%) 49 R (100%) 53 R (100%) IR9761 R (Ce 64R) V20 B 23 B (66%) 34 R (100%) 12 R (34%) 0 0.5 Future Opportunities Strength partnership with public and private sectors; Increase seed yield; High seed yielding parents and seed production technology Training seed growers Enhance yield and yield heterosis: Applying biotechnology for parent selection (heterotic groups and/or heterotic gene blocks) Exploiting sub-subspecies heterosis Develop hybrids for unfavorable environments Improve resistance/tolerance to stress, grain quality Improve agronomic management and deployment strategy Announcement The 6th International Hybrid Rice Symposium Sept. 8 - 11, 2012 Hyderabad International Conference Center Hyderabad, India.
Recommended publications
  • Prodwrkshp 3.Qxd

    Prodwrkshp 3.Qxd

    California Rice Production Workshop, v15 Variety Selection and Management Introduction and History Since its beginning in 1912, California’s rice industry limited its produc - tion and marketing largely to a few short and medium grain japonica varieties, developed from stocks originating in Japan and China. These varieties produced good yields of quality rice in the dry, temperate cli - mate of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys. For the grower, the choice of variety to plant was relatively simple because the few varieties available were similar in performance, yield potential and milling qual - ity when properly managed. Included were Colusa, Caloro and Calrose released in 1918, 1921 and 1948, respectively, and Earlirose, a productive, early maturing, proprietary variety, released in 1965 which soon became a popular variety for cold areas and/or late plantings. These were the major rice varieties grown in California until the early 1970’s. Then, the variety picture began to change significantly. A powerful impetus for this was the enactment of California Rice Research Marketing Order that established the California Rice Research Board in 1969. This grower initiative provided significant and regular funding to hasten development and release of new varieties. The medium grain variety CS-M3 was released in 1970 and the short grain variety CS-S4 in 1971, from rice hybridizations made in 1946 and 1957 at the Rice Experiment Station (RES) at Biggs, CA. CS-M3 gained wide acceptance and competed with the older Calrose for acreage. But, CS-S4, though an improvement over Caloro, was not widely grown because of its suscep - Publicly devel - tibility to low temperature induced sterility.
  • Specifications Guide Global Rice Latest Update: February 2021

    Specifications Guide Global Rice Latest Update: February 2021

    Specifications Guide Global Rice Latest update: February 2021 Definitions of the trading locations for which Platts publishes indexes or assessments 2 Asia 5 Europe, the Middle East and Africa 12 Americas 14 Revision history 18 www.spglobal.com/platts Specifications Guide Global Rice: February 2021 DEFINITIONS OF THE TRADING LOCATIONS FOR WHICH PLATTS PUBLISHES INDEXES OR ASSESSMENTS All the assessments listed here employ Platts Assessments Methodology, as published at https://www.spglobal.com/platts/plattscontent/_assets/_files/en/our-methodology/methodology- specifications/platts-assessments-methodology-guide.pdf. These guides are designed to give Platts subscribers as much information as possible about a wide range of methodology and specification questions. This guide is current at the time of publication. Platts may issue further updates and enhancements to this guide and will announce these to subscribers through its usual publications of record. Such updates will be included in the next version of this guide. Platts editorial staff and managers are available to provide guidance when assessment issues require clarification. The assessments listed in this guide reflect the prevailing market value of the specified product at the following times daily: Asia – 11:30 GMT / BST EMEA – 13:30 GMT / BST Americas – 23:59 GMT /BST on the day prior to publication Platts may take into account price information that varies from the specifications below. Where appropriate, contracts, offers and bids which vary from these specifications, will be normalized to the standards stated in this guide. All other terms when not in contradiction with the below as per London Rice Brokers’ Association Standard Contract Terms (September 1997), amended 1 November, 2008.
  • Research Article Effect of Microwave Cooking on Quality of Riceberry Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

    Research Article Effect of Microwave Cooking on Quality of Riceberry Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

    Hindawi Journal of Food Quality Volume 2020, Article ID 4350274, 9 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4350274 Research Article Effect of Microwave Cooking on Quality of Riceberry Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lyda Chin, Nantawan Therdthai , and Wannasawat Ratphitagsanti Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, #ailand Correspondence should be addressed to Nantawan erdthai; [email protected] Received 9 October 2019; Revised 8 August 2020; Accepted 13 August 2020; Published 28 August 2020 Academic Editor: Mar´ıa B. Pe´rez-Gago Copyright © 2020 Lyda Chin et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Microwaves have been applied for cooking, warming, and thawing food for many years. Microwave heating differs from conventional heating and may cause variation in the food quality. is study determined the quality of Riceberry rice (Oryza sativa L.) after microwave cooking using various rice-to-water ratios at three power levels (360, 600, and 900 W). e texture of all microwave-cooked samples was in the range 162.35 ± 5.86 to 180.11 ± 7.17 N and was comparable to the conventionally cooked rice (162.03 N). e total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity of the microwave-cooked rice were higher than those of the conventional-cooked rice. Microwave cooking appeared to keep the TPC in the range 241.15–246.89 mg GAE/100 g db and the antioxidant activities based on DPPH and ABTS assays in the ranges 134.24–137.15 and 302.80–311.85 mg·TE/100 g db, respectively.
  • Catlog 2020.Cdr

    Catlog 2020.Cdr

    www.theimperialimpex.com With a reputation built on the dependable, high quality of our merchandise and an uncompromising attention to detail, we are Exports "service-first" organization. Basmati & Non - Basmati Rice 1121 Steam Basmati Rice 1121 Golden Sella Basmati Rice 1121 White Sella Basmati Rice 1509 White Sella Basmati Rice 1509 Golden Sella Basmati Rice 1509 Steam Sella Basmati Rice Sugandha White Sella Basmati Rice Sugandha Golden Sella Basmati Rice Sugandha Steam Sella Basmati Rice Sharbati White Sella Basmati Rice Sharbati Golden Sella Basmati Rice Sharbati Steam Sella Basmati Rice Pusa Steam Basmati Rice Pusa Golden Basmati Rice Pusa White Sella Basmati Rice IR 64- 5% Broken Parboiles Rice IR 64- 5% Broken Raw Rice Parmal Rice 11 Raw PR 11 Rice Parmal Parboiled or PR 11 Parboiled Sona Masuri Rice 100% Broken Rice 1 1121 Steam Basmati Rice 1121 Steam Basmati Rice is the variety of long grain rice having seamless quality and exclusive prices. Processed on steaming, the offered 1121 Steam Basmati Rice is long, clean and takes very less time to cook. In Steaming process, steam passes through paddy grains, then at the time of drying and removing of Paddy layers, the Rice grain inside remain white however its surface becomes harder. Our impeccable lot of 1121 Basmati Steam Rice does not break upon cooking under standard conditions. Specifications Length: 8.3 mm Moisture: 12% Max Broken: 1% Max Purity: 95% Min Crop: The Latest Damage/ discolored: Nil Sortex: 100% Sortex Clean Well Milled and Polished 2 1121 Golden Sella Basmati Rice 1121 Golden Sella is another fine rice, liked mostly by biryani lovers all across the globe.
  • Effect of Preparation Method on Chemical Property of Different Thai Rice Variety

    Effect of Preparation Method on Chemical Property of Different Thai Rice Variety

    Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 2019, Vol. 7, No. 3, 231-236 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfnr/7/3/8 Published by Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/jfnr-7-3-8 Effect of Preparation Method on Chemical Property of Different Thai Rice Variety Cahyuning Isnaini1, Pattavara Pathomrungsiyounggul2, Nattaya Konsue1,* 1Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand 2Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received January 15, 2019; Revised February 20, 2019; Accepted March 19, 2019 Abstract Improving benefits and reducing risk of staple food consumption are of interest among researchers nowadays. Rice is the major staple foods consumed in Asia. It has been reported that rice consumption has a positive association with the risk of chronic diseases. The effects of rice variety and preparation process on chemical characteristics of rice were investigated in the current study. Three Thai rice varieties, Khao Dok Mali 105 (KDML 105), Sao Hai (SH) and Riceberry (RB), underwent parboiling or non-parboiling as well as polishing or non- polishing prior to chemical property analysis. It was found that parboiling process possessed greater content of mineral as indicated by ash content as well as fiber and total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity when compared to non-parboiling treatments, whereas the reduction in amylose and TAC content, GI value and starch digestibility were observed in this sample. On the other hand, polishing process led to reduction in ash, amylose, fiber, TPC and TAC content and DPPH values.
  • Authentic Indian Basmati & Non-Basmati Rice

    Authentic Indian Basmati & Non-Basmati Rice

    Authentic Indian Basmati & Non-Basmati Rice N A H R I S I R C K E M E E I L R L H S S e company information Nature of Business : Manufacturer, Processor & Exporter l I Year of Establishment : 1998 Products : Basmati & Non Basmati Rice f Factory Address : Taraori - 132116, District - Karnal, Haryana (India) Production Line : 03 (Automatic) o Production Capacity : 5,000 Metric Tons Monthly r No. of Warehouse : 05 Warehouse Capacity : 25,000 Metric Tons p Annual Turnover : Rs. 125 Crore or US$ 15 million Approx. Export Percentage : 70-80% y : Europe, USA, Australia, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Main Overseas Market Yemen, Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt, Bahrain, Syria, n Russia, UAE : a Nearest Port Mundra Port, Gujarat (India) Ownership Type : Partnership p PAN : ABPFS2316B DGFT / IE Code : 3310001156 m GST No. : 06ABPFS2316B1ZG REX No. : INREX3310001156DG033 o USFDA No. : 16865402970 c n prepared with the use o of healthy as well as i natural paddy, we bring t forth a quality range a of Basmati Rice such as 1121 Long Grain Basmati Rice, Long Basmati Rice and Non Basmati Rice. At m our advanced production units, these products are thoroughly processed using hygienic techniques r that ensure to their optimum quality in terms of I freshness, nutritional value and purity. Further, f our production experts incorporate sound quality control measures in the process of manufacturing n so as to come up with an impeccable range of rice. o c y t i l a u q e We are strengthened by a state of the art r infrastructural setup which covers a large area of space.
  • Success Stories

    Success Stories

    Success Stories: Wheat: Unnat PBW343 has been developed by PAU, Ludhiana through marker assisted backcross breeding by pyramiding two leaf rust and two stripe rust resistance genes Lr76-Yr70/Lr37-Yr17. Lr37- Yr17 along with a linked stem rust resistance gene Sr38 have been introgressed from Aegilops ventricosa on wheat chromosome 2AL. Linked pair of genes Lr76-Yr70 were introgressed from Aegilops umbellulata on wheat chromosome 5DS in the wheat wide hybridization programme at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Unnat PBW343 is also the first commercial product from PAU wide hybridization programme. This variety is an improved version of mega variety PBW343, has an average plant height of 100 cm. It is resistant to leaf rust and stripe rust. It matures in about 155 days and has an average grain yield of 23.2 quintals per acre. Rice:Development of Improved Basmati rice varieties with resistance to bacterial blight Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) with the financial support from Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science & Technology, GOI, under the project “Development of biotic stress resistant rice through marker assisted breeding. Dr. A.K. Singh has recently developed two bacterial blight resistant Basmati rice varieties namely, Pusa Basmati 1728 and Pusa Basmati 1718, which have been release by the Central Variety Release committee after testing in All India Coordinated Research Project. Of these, Pusa Basmati 1728 is a replacement of Pusa Basmati 1401 and Pusa Basmati 1718 is replacement of Pusa Basmati 1121, which are together grown on almost 1.40 million ha. area currently. Since, both varieties have been recently released, the area under cultivation is likely to pick up in years to come.
  • International Seminar on Promoting Rice Farmers' Market Through Value-Adding Activities

    International Seminar on Promoting Rice Farmers' Market Through Value-Adding Activities

    International Seminar on Promoting Rice Farmers' Market through value-adding Activities June 6-7, 2018 Faculty of Economics Kasetsart University, Thailand Organized by Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region (FFTC) Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University Agricultural Economics Society of Thailand under Royal Patronage The Thailand Research Fund (TRF) Promoting Rice Farmers’ Market through Value-adding Activities Proceedings of the International Seminar on Promoting Rice Farmers’ Market through Value-adding Activities June 6-7, 2018 Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University Bangkok, Thailand Organized by Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region (FFTC) Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University Agricultural Economics Society of Thailand under Royal Patronage The Thailand Research Fund (TRF) Contents Page Messages Dr. Kuo-Ching Lin i Director, FFTC Dr. Chongrak Wachrinrat ii Acting President, Kasetsart University Associate Professor Dr. Vijitsri Sanguanwongse iii Dean, Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University Seminar Program iv PAPER PRESENTATIONS 1. Thailand’s rice industry and current policies 1 towards high value rice products Dr. Apichart Pongsrihadulchai 2. Evaluation of policy performance and profit efficiency of 12 rice production and marketing areas in Taiwan Prof. Min-Hsien Yang 3. Rice farming in the Japan’s matured market: overcoming 24 the shrinking domestic demand by value-adding and export-enhancing strategies Prof. Katsumi Arahata 4. The value chain and rice price policy in Indonesia 35 Prof. Muhammad Firdaus 5. Roles of agricultural cooperatives in joint production-consumption 46 linkage model related to large scale rice fields in Mekong Delta Dr. Hoang Vu Quang 6. Performance of rice industry in India: potential 59 opportunities and challenges Dr.
  • Hybrid Rice Technology for Food Security in the Tropics: Can the Chinese Miracle Be Replicated in the Southeast Asia?

    Hybrid Rice Technology for Food Security in the Tropics: Can the Chinese Miracle Be Replicated in the Southeast Asia?

    International Symposium Sustaining Food Security and Managing Natural Resources in Southeast Asia - Challenges for the 21st Century - January 8-11, 2002 at Chiang Mai, Thailand Hybrid Rice Technology for Food Security in the Tropics: Can the Chinese Miracle be Replicated in the Southeast Asia? Aldas Janaiah, M. Hossain1, C. B. Casiwan2 and T. T. Ut3 1Project Scientist and Head respectively, Social Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box. 7777, Metro Manila; Philippines 2Science Research Specialist, Philippines Rice Research Institute, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 3Rural Development Specialist, Faculty of Economics, University of Agriculture & Forestry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 1 Introduction Rice is the life-line for the Southeast Asians because it is not only a dominant food crop, but also plays an important role in their national economy. It accounts for a major share of cereal consumption ranging from 67% in the Philippines to 97% in Myanmar. Rice contributes about 30-76% to total daily calorie intake in the region (Table 1). Therefore, boosting the rice production and making it available to the consumers at the affordable prices is always on the top political agenda for any national government in the region. The Green Revolution-led high-yielding modern varieties (MVs) of rice and associated improved crop management practices since the late 1960s contributed significantly to achieving the food security in Asia (Barker and Herdt, 1985; Pingali et al, 1997 and Pingali and Hossain, 1999). Rice production (unmilled) in Southeast Asia rose from about 50 million tons during 1966 to about 140 million tons by 1999 with the annual growth rate of 3.2%, surpassing the population growth of 2.1% per annum.
  • Vu Gia-Thu Bon River Basin, Vietnam

    Vu Gia-Thu Bon River Basin, Vietnam

    DOI number: 10.5027/jnrd.v3i0.05 Journal of Natural Resources and Development 2013; 03: 58-65 58 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT A water productive and economically profitable paddy rice production method to adapt water scarcity in the Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin, Vietnam Bhone Nay-Htoon a, Nguyen Tung Phong b, Sabine Schlüter a, Aldas Janaiah c a Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), Terma- Vietnam Program, Betzdorfer Str. 2, 50679 Köln, Germany b Center for Training and International Cooperation, Vietnam Academy of Water Resources, 171 Tay Son – Dong DA, Hanoi, Vietnam c School of Agribusiness Management, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University. Rajendranagar; Hyderabad-500030, India * Corresponding author : [email protected] Article history Abstract Received 01.09.2012 In Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin, Vietnam, drought during the dry season affected negatively on rice Accepted 22.01.2013 production. High and uneven rainfall distribution cause flooding in the basin during wet season and Published 04.05.2013 cause severe agricultural drought during dry season. This study aimed to point out a higher water productive and economically efficient rice production method to adapt water scarcity in the region. Based on available secondary data, water productivity is calculated for different water saving rice production methods, according to Pereira, et al, (2012)’s irrigation water productivity and total productivity equations. The profit of technological change is calculated by partial budget analysis of rice production in that area and a sensitivity analysis supports Keywords to point out which input factor is sensitive to farmer’s benefit.
  • Internat Onal Journal of Agr Culture, Env Ronment and Food Sc Ences

    Internat Onal Journal of Agr Culture, Env Ronment and Food Sc Ences

    Internatonal Journal of Agrculture, Envronment and Food Scences JAEFS e-ISSN : 2618-5946 DOI: 10.31015/jaefs.18016 www.jaefs.com Research Article Int J Agric Environ Food Sci 2(3):99-103 (2018) Physicochemical properties and morphological observations of selected local rice varieties in northern Afghanistan Zubair Noori1,2,* Mohammad Wasif Mujadidi2,3 Mohammad Wasif Amin4 1The College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan 2Kunduz Agriculture Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock of Afghanistan 3Faculty of Agriculture, Kandahar University (KU), Kandahar City, Afghanistan 4Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Abstract In this study, milled rice (Oryza sativa L.) samples of local varieties (Sarda Barah, Garma Barah, Surkha Zurahti and Shah Lawangi) were procured from Kunduz province, Afghanistan and check varieties (Koshihikari and Super Basmati) from Japan. We conducted the research in the Laboratory of Crop Science of Ibaraki University, Japan during February in 2018, to clarify the physicochemical and morphological traits on different local rice varieties. The results demonstrated that local rice varieties (Sarda Barah, Garma Barah, Surkha Zurahti and Shah Lawangi) from Afghanistan including Super Basmati (Check) with long and slender grains, associated with significantly higher grain amylose and protein contents of 22.9 and 8.1%, respectively, which created in declined taste points. While, Koshihikari with short and medium grain types demonstrated the lowest grain amylose and protein contents of 17.7 and 5.5%, respectively, which amplified grain taste point. The micrographs observations revealed that there were no obvious alterations in the endosperm of translucent grains across varieties.
  • Basmati Rice Looking for More Than a Grain of Truth There Is Rice and More Rice, and There Is Basmati

    Basmati Rice Looking for More Than a Grain of Truth There Is Rice and More Rice, and There Is Basmati

    Comparative Test Basmati Rice Looking for more than a grain of truth There is rice and more rice, and there is basmati. Some would say eating basmati rice is a complete sensual experience. There is appetite-inducing aroma, visual appeal, great taste, and an utter and inexplicable sense of fulfilment. And no, you won’t call this exaggeration. As they say, the proof of the basmati is in the eating – or, shall we say that the proof is in the grain? After all, basmati rice is essentially about its long grains and the magic they stir up. However, all grains are not made equal. As the following report will tell you, there can be all sorts of flaws with grains. There is a minimum precooked and post-cooking grain length that determines the quality of the rice. One may also have to contend with broken and fragments grains, damaged/discoloured grains, etc. In an inferior product, there may be red-striped grains, green grains, chalky grains, and so on. Then there are safety concerns of course, mainly relating to possible contamination by heavy metals and presence of pesticide residues. Keeping the relevant standards as reference point, we tested 12 leading brands of basmati rice on the above-mentioned parameters as well as other key quality determinants. A Consumer Voice Report crucial aspect of the test programme was checked for presence of broken and fragments grains, DNA analysis of the samples to detect damaged/discoloured grains, chalky grains, green grains, any adulteration with non-basmati rice. other grains, moisture, uric acid, aflatoxins and foreign Other key parameters included grain matter (such as dust and stones).