Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress. 18=983

Annual Report 1983 of The Librarian of Congress

for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1983

Library of Congress Washington 1984 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 64273

ISSN 0083-1 565Key titfe: Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government F'rinting Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Contents

Joint Committee on the Library ...... vi Library of Congress Trust Fund Board ...... vi Forms of Gifts or Bequests to the Library of Congress ...... vi Officers of the Library ...... vii Committees of the Library ...... xii Consultants of the Library ...... xiii Organization. Chart ...... xiv Letter of Transmittal ...... xvii 1 AM~stration...... 2 National Programs ...... 3 Congressional Research Service ...... 4 Processing Services ...... 5 Research Services...... 6 Law Library ...... 7 Copyright Office ...... Appendixes ...... Library of Congress Trust Fund Board ...... Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work ...... Cataloging and Maintenance of Catalogs ...... Cataloging Distribution ...... Reader Services ...... Se~cesto the Blind and Physically Handicapped ...... Photoduplication...... Preservation and Restoration ...... Employment...... Financial Statistics ...... Legislation ...... Exhibits ...... Concerts. Lectures. and Other Programs ...... Library of Congress Publications ...... Index ...... JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY,98TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION

Senator Charles McC. Mathias, Jr., Chairman Representative Augustus F. Hawkins, Vice Chairman Members of the Committee: Senators Mark 0. Hatfield, John W. Warner, Dennis DeConcini, Daniel K. Inouye, Representatives A1 Swift, William J. Coyne, Newt Gingrich, Pat Roberts. Chief Clerk: John Childers.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS TRUST FUND BOARD

An act of Congress, approved March 3, 1925, as amended, created the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board, a quasicorporation with perpetual succession and all the usual powers of a trustee, including the power to ahvest, or retain investments" and, specifically,the authority "to accept, receive, hold, and administer such gifts, bequests, or devises of property for the benefit of, or in co~ectionwith, the Library, its collections, or its services, as may be approved by the Board and by the Joint Committee on the Library" (2 U.S.C. 154-163). A notable provision of the act (Section 2, last paragraph) permits endowment funds, up to a total limit of $10,000,000, to be treated as a perpetual loan to the United States Treasury, at an assured interest of at least four percent per annum.Public Law 94-289 makes possible a higher rate when national economic conditions so dictate. Members of the Board on September 30,1981: Donald T. Regan, Secretary of the Treasury; Senator Charles McC. Mathias, Chainnun of the Joint Committee on the Libmry; Daniel J. Boorstin, Libmian of Congress, Chair- man and Secretary; Mrs. Charles W. Engelhard, Jr. (term expires March 9, 1985); and Flora Laney Thornton (term expires March 9, 1988).

FORMS OF GIFTS OR BEQUESTS TO THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

OF MATERIAL 'To the United States of America, to be placed in the Library of ~on~r%ss~andadministered therein by the authorities thereof." OF MONEY FOR IMMEDIATEAPPLICATION Geneml Gift: "To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress." Specific Gift: 'To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress in furtherance of [describe purpose which may be any specific purpose consistent with the general program of the Library of Congress]." ExmpIe: Gift orbequest to the Library hcsimile program-'To the United States of America, to be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States to the credit of the Library of Congress, subject to disbursement by the Librarian of Congress in furtherance of the Library facsimile program." OF ENDOWMENTS OF MONEY, SECURITIES, OR OTHER PROPERTY Tothe Library of Congress Trust Fund Board, to be administered for the benefit of, or in connection with the Library of Congress, its collections, or its service." NOTE. -Subject to federal statutes and regulations, gifts, bequests, or devises to the United States for the benefit of the Library of Congress,including those to the Trust Fund Board,and any income therefrom, generally are exempt from federal and District of Columbia taxes. Officers of the Library As of September 30, 1983

Daniel 1. Boorstin. The Librarian of Congress Exhibits Office ~illi&J. Welsh, The Deputy Librarian Gf Congress William F. Miner, Exhibits Officer Donald C. Curran, The Associate Librarian of Congress

Federal Library Committee OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN James P. Riley, Executive Director Janet Chase, Special Assistant to The Librarian JohnY. Cole, Executive Director, Center for the Book John C. Finzi, Director, Collections Development Information Office Office Nancy F. Bush, Information Officer John J. Kominski, General Counsel Marjorie R. Kulisheck, Executive Assignment and Classification Appeals Officer National Library Service for the Arthur J. Lieb, Executive Officer Blind and Physically Handicapped Joseph M. Love, Personnel Security Officer Frank Kurt Cylke, Director Adoreen M. McCormick, Legislative Liaison Officer Mary Jack Wintle, Assistant Director Alfred E. McEwen, Coordinator, Equal Employment Henry B. Paris, Jr., Chief, Materials Development Opportunity Complaints Office Division Jean B. Metz, Selection Officer Mary Berghaus Levering, Chief, Network Division William H. Mobley, Principal Evaluations Officer Nancy J. Radford, Regulations Officer John W. Rensbarger, Chief Internal Auditor Publishing Office James R. Trew, Director, Library Environment Dana J. Pratt, Director Resources Office Robert G. Zich, Acting Director, Office of Plan- ning and Development MANAGEMENT NATIONAL PROGRAMS Glen A. Zimmerman, Associate Librarian for Carol A. Nemeyer, Associate Librarian for National Management Programs Howard A. Blancheri, Executive Officer Arnold G. Bellefontaine, Executive Officer Catherine M. Croy, Assistant Executive Officer Eugene Walton, Affirmative Action Coordinator American Folklife Center Stephen E. Bush, Safety Officer Morrigene Holcomb, Women's Program Officer Alan Jabbour, Director Raymond L. Dockstader, Deputy Director Joseph C. Hickerson, Head, Archive of Folk Culture Automated Systems Children's Literature Center Fred E. Croxton, Director, Automated Systems Office Sybille A. Jagusch, Chief William R. Nugent, Assistant Director for Systems Engineering and Operations Educational Liaison Office Charlene A. Woody, Deputy Assistant Director for John Henry Hass, Educational Liaison Officer Systems Development

vii Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Management Services Elizabeth Yadlosky, Associate Director for Research, Analysis, and Multidisciplinary Programs Buildings Management Division Hugh L. Elsbree, Jr., Assistant Director for Policy, Gerald T. Garvey, Chief Planning, and Review John J. Laffey, Assistant Chief Basil T. Owens, Assistant Director for Assignment, Reference, and Special Services Susan C. Finsen, Coordinator of Management and Ad- Central Services Division mmstrative. . Services Elliott C. Finley, Chief Edward Mason, Coordinator of Member and Commit- Harold R. Hooper, Assistant Chief tee Relations James R. Price, Coordinator of Automated Information Financial Management Office Services Richard H. Austin, Chief James W. Robinson, Coordinator of Review John 0. Hemperley, Budget Officer William C. Myers, Accounting Officer American Law Division Edwin M. Krintz, Disbursing Officer Joseph E. Ross, Chief Pnw;urement and Supply Division Charles Doyle, Assistant Chief Floyd D. Hedrick, Chief Congressional Reference Division John G. Kormos, Assistant Chief .Catherine A, Jones, Chief Margaret E. Whitlock, Assistant Chief Personnel and Labor Relations Economics Division Louis R. Mortimer, Director of Personnel Martin F. O'Donoghue, Jr., Labor Relations Officer Leon M. Cole, Chief (Vacant), Staff Relations Officer Roger S. White, Assistant Chief Raymon A. Noble, Health Services Officer Ralph L. Adams, Personnel Operations Officer Education and Public Wbre Division Donald R. Ware, Position Classification and Organiza- tion Officer William H. Robinson, Chief David D. bmbdo, Recruitment and Placement Earl Canfield, Assistant Chief Officer Sylvia Cooke Martin, Staff Training and Development Environment and Natural Resomes Pblicy Division Officer David E. Gushee, Chief Robert E. Wolf, Assistant Chief Photoduplication Service Fbreign AMrs and National Defense Division Norman J. Shaffer, Chief F Ann Stanley J. Heginbotham, Chief Mary Ferrarese, Assistant Chief for Bibliographic buis C. Finch, Assistant Chief Services Cy Brownstein, Assistant Chief for lbchnical Se~ces Government Division Frederick H. Pauls, Chief CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE Daniel P. Mulhollan, Assistant Chief

Gilbert Gude, Director Library Services Division John P. Hardt, Associate Director for Senior Specialists Thomas W. Novotny, Associate Director for Manage- Jack McDonald, Chief ment Studies (Vacant), Assistant Chief Oficers of the Libmry

Science Pblicy Research Division Records Management Division James M. McCullough, Chief Ann L. Hallstein, Chief Gail H. Marcus, Assistant Chief LAW LIBRARY

COPYRIGHT OFFICE Carleton W. Kenyon, Law Librarian LaVerne P. Mullin, Executive Officer David Ladd, Register of Copyrights and Assistant Librarian for Copyright Services American-British Law Division Michael R. PBW,Associate Register of Copyrights for Automation and Management Information Systems Marlene C. McGuirl, Chief Waldo H. Moore,Associate Register of Copyrights for Robert L. Nay, Assistant Chief Special Programs Philip C. Berwick, Head, Law Library Reading Room Anthony P. Harrison, Assistant Register of Copyrights Imvis I. Flacks, Policy Planning Adviser European Law Division Michael S. Keplinger, Policy Planning Adviser Ivan Sipkov, Chief Ddd E. Lsibowitz, Policy Planning Adviser George E. Glos, Assistant Chief Christopher A. Meyer, Policy Planning Adviser Marybeth Mrs, Policy Planning Adviser Far Fadern Law Division Mark A. Lillis, Attorney for Research Programs Dorothy M. Schrader, General Counsel and Associate ?go-tai Hsia, Chief Register of Copyrights for Legal Affairs Sung Yoon Cho, Assistant to the Chief Richard E. Glasgow, Assistant General Counsel Grace B. Rsed, Executive Officer Hispanic Law Division Eric S. G. Reid, Senior Administra. . tive Officer Rubens Medina, Chief Donette S. Vandell, Admmsbative Officer Armando Godez, Assistant to the Chief Michael D. Burke, Copyright Systems Analyst Near Eastern and African Law Division Acquisitions and Processing Division Zuhair E. Jwaideh, Chief Robert A. Danris, Chief Anton Wekerle, Assistant to the Chief Orlando L. Campos, Assistant Chief cataloging Division PROCESSING SERVICES . Susan B. Aramayo, Chief John Raoul leMat, Assistant Chief (Vacant), Assistant Librarian for Processing Services Susan M. Tarr, Executive Officer Laurie E. Smith, 'hhnical Officer Examining Division (%cant), Assistant to the Ekecutive Officer (%cant), Chief Mary S. 'Ibwnsend, Executive Assistant Jodi Rush, Assistant Chief Office of the Director for Acquisitions and Insormation and Re&mceDivision Overseas Operations (%cant), Chief (Vacant), Director Joan Doherty, Assistant Chief (%cant), Assistant to the Director Licensing Division Cataloging in Publication Division Walter D. Sampson, Jr., Chief Susan H. Vita, Chief James I? Cole, Assistant Chief Judy C. McDerniott, Assistant Chief Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Exchange and Gift Division Special Materials Cataloging Division Peter H. Bridge, Chief David A. Smith, Chief (Vacant), Assistant Chief Subject Cataloging Division Order Division Mary K. Dewees Pietris, Chief Robert C. Sullivan, Chief Myrl D. Powell, Assistant Chief Jennifer V. Magnus, Assistant Chief Eugene T. Frosio, Principal Subject Cataloger

Overseas Operations Division Office of the Director for Rodney G. Sarle, Chief Systems, Alice L. Kniskern, Assistant to the Chief Processing Networks, (Vacant), Field Director, Brazil and Automation Planning James C. Armstrong, Field Director, East Africa Michael W. Albin, Field Director, Egypt Henriette D. Avram, Director Ellis Gene Smith, Field Director, India Mary S. Price, Assistant Director John C. Crawford, Field Director, Indonesia Sally H. McCallum, Assistant to the Director (Vacant), Field Director, Japan Eunice S. Gupta, Field Director, Pakistan Automation Planning and Liaison Office Barbara J. Roland, Chief Office of the Director hr Cataloging Catalog Management and Publication Division Gloria H. Hsia, Chief Lucia J. Rather, Director Kay F. Wexler, Assistant Chief Robert M. Hiatt, Assistant to the Director Patricia S. Hines, Assistant Chief Patrick S. Bernard, Principal Editor Cataloging Instruction Office Edith Scott, Chief Instructor Cataloging Distribution Service (Vacant), Chief Decimal Classification Division John J. Pizzo, Assistant Chief John P. Comaromi, Chief and Editor, Dewey Decimal Peter R. Young, Customer Services Officer Classification Melba D. Adams, Assistant Chief Network Development Office

Descriptive Cataloging Division Serial Record Division John D. Byrum, Jr., Chief Kimberly W. Dobbs, Chief William R. Huntley, Assistant Chief Dorothy J. Glasby, Assistant Chief Linda K. Bartley, CONSER Operations Coordinator Susan H. Riedel, Head, National Serials Data Program MARC Editorial Division Marian B. Abbott, Editor, New Serial Titles Michael H. Shelley, Chief Pamela Q. Andre, Assistant Chief RESEARCH SERVICES Office fbr Descriptive Cataloging Rolicy Ben R. Tucker, Chief John C. Broderick, Assistant Librarian for Reseamh Services Warren M. Tsuneishi, Director for Area Studies Shared Cataloging Division Elizabeth F. Stroup, Director for General Reference Nathalie P. Delougaz, Chief (Vacant), Directar for Special Collections Hugo W. Christiansen, Assistant Chief Carolyn H. Sung, Executive Officer. Officers of the Libmry

Theodore E. Leach, Automation Officer Emmett G. Trainor, Assistant Chief Edward A. D'Alessandro, Special Assistant for Plan- Ronald J. Jackson, Head, Book Service Section ning Management Suanne A. Thamm, Head, Collections Improvement Section hrforming Arts Library (Vacant), Head, Collections Maintenance Section Everett J. Johnson, Head, Special Search Section Peter J. Fay, Head Librarian Preservation OfEce Federal Research Division Peter G. Sparks, Director for Preservation Earl L. Rothemel, Chief Lawrence S. Robinson, Assistant Director for Pres- Donald H. Bonham, Assistant to the Chief ervation Matt T. Roberts, Binding Officer General Reading Rooms Division Bohdan Yasinsky, Preservation Microfilming Officer Chandru J. Shahani, Research Officer Ellen 2. Hahn, Chief Peter Waters, Restoration Officer Winston nbb, Assistant Chief John W. Kimball, Jr., Head, Automation and Reference Collections Section Area Studies Judith P. Austin, Head, Local History and Genealogy Section African and Middle Eastern Division Gary D. Jensen, Head, Main Reading Room Section Robert V. Gross, Head, Microform Reading Room Julian W. Witherell, Chief Section Beverly Ann Gray, Head, African Section Suzanne Thorin, Head, Research Fgcilities Section Myron M. Weinstein, Head, Hebraic Section James E. Stewart, Head, Social Science Reading Room George N. Atiyeh, Head, Near East Section Section Margaret McGinnis, Head, 'Blephone Reference, Cor- Asian Division respondence, and Bibliography Section J. Thomas Rimer III, Chief Richard C. Howard, Assistant Chief Loan Division Chi Wang, Head, Chinese and Korean Section Hisao Matsumoto, Head, Japanese Section Olive C. James, Chief Louis A. Jacob, Head, Southern Asia Section Thomas D. Burney, Assistant Chief Barbu Alirn, Librarian in charge of Library Station in European Division the Capitol (Vacant), Head, Loan Reference Section Clara M. htt,Chief Samuel Dove, Head, Circulation Section David H. Kraus, Assistant Chief Hispanic Division National Refed Center John R. Hbbert, Acting Chief Edward N. Madonomy, Chief (Macant), Assistant Chief (Vacant), Assistant Chief Dolores M. Martin, Editor, Handbook of Latin Ameri- Staffan Rosenborg, Head, Publications Section can Studies John A. Feulner, Head, Referral Services Section Georgette M. Dorn, Specialistin Hispanic Cultureand Lloyd W. Shipley, Head, Resources Analysis Section Head, Reference Section Science and Technology Division Joseph W. Price, Chief General Refemnce John F. Price, Assistant Chief Karl R. Green, Head, 'khnical Reports Section Collections Management Division Constance Carter, Head, Science Reference Section Steven J. Herman, Chief Geza T. Thuronyi, Head, Special Projects Section Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Serial and Government Publications Division Jon w.' Newsom, Assistant Chief Donald F. Wisdom, Chief Elizabeth H. Auman, Head, Reference Section Bernard A. Bernier, Jc, Assistant Chief Agnes Fenuso, Head, Government Publications Prints and Photographs Division Section F'rank J. Carroll, Head, Newspaper Section (Vacant), Chief Anthony J. Kostreba, Head, Periodical Section Renata V. Shaw, Assistant Chief KatherineF. Gould, Coordinator of Reference Service Jerry L. Kearns, Head, Reference Section Jerald Curtis Maddax, Collections Planner and Curator of Photography - Special Collections Rare Book and Special Collections Division Geography and Map Division William Matheson, Chief John A. Wolter, Chief R?ter VaxiWmgen, Head, Reference and Reader Services Ralph E. Ehrenberg, Assistant Chief Section Richard W. Stephenson, Head, Reference and Don C. Marcin, Head, Processing Section Bibliography Section David K. Carrington, Head, 'Whnical Services Section Mandpt Division COMMITTEE TO SELECI' PRINTS FOR James H. Hutson, Chief PURCHASE UNDER THE PENNELL FUND Paul T. Heffron, Assistant Chief John D. Knowlton, Head, Preparation Section, and Donald J. Saff, Michael Mazur, and Renata V. Shaw Technical Officer (ex officio) (Vacant), Head, Reference and Reader Service Section Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division PERMANENT COMMITTEE FOR THE (Vacant), Chief OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES DEVISE Paul C. Spehr, Assistant Chief Gerald D. Gibson, Head, Curatorial Section Daniel J. Boorstin, The Librarian of Congress, Chair- Patrick Sheehan, Head, Documentation and Reference man, ex officio Section Stanley N. Katz, Princeton University Robert B. Carneal, Head, Laboratory Services Section Philip B. Kurland, University of Chicago Harriet W. Harrison, Head, Processing Section Paul Mishkin, University of California at Berkeley Charles Alan Wright, University of Texas Music Division James H. Hutson, Administrative Officer, Office of the Donald L, Leavitt, Chief Devise

xii Consultants of the Library

CONSULTANT IN POETRY IN ENGLISH Anthony Hecht

HONORARY CONSULTANTS East Asian Bibliography Literature of Magic Edwin G. Beal Morris N. Young U.S. Cartographic History Walter W. Ristow Organization Chart As of September 30, 1983

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Letter of Transmittal

The President of the Senate The Speaker of the House of Representatives

SIRS; It is my privilege to submit this report of the activities of the Library of Congress, including the Copyright Office, for the fiscalyear ending September 30,1983. It is accompanied by four issues of its supplement, the Quarterly Journal of the Libmry of Congress, together with a copy of the annual report of the Library of Congress Trust Fund Board.

DANIEL J. BOORSTIN The Libmrian of Congress

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Washington, D.C.

Administration

OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN At the spring meeting the following new members were elected to the council: Sydney In a ceremony on December 13, the assembly Freedberg, chief curator, National Gallery of room on the sixth floor of the James Madison Art; Albert 0.Hirschman, professor of social Memorial Building was renamed the L. Quincy science, Institute for Advanced Study, Prince- Mumford Room in honor of the eleventh ton; Joseph Kerman, professor of music, Librarian of Congress. Dr. Mumford, who died University of California, Berkeley; and Aileen in 1982, served as Librarian from 1954 to 1974, Ward, professor of physics, University of and it was during his tenure that plans for the Texas. Gerald Holton, professor of physics, design and construction of the Madison Build- Harvard University, is chairman of the council. ing were made. Plans for honoring the other former Librar- ians of Congress who served in this century Center for the Book will be carried forward as renovation of the Thomas Jefferson Building proceeds. The southeast and northeast pavilions on the sec- The Center for the Book sponsored a wide ond floor, which will serve as common rooms variety of symposia, lectures, projects, and for the numerous scholars who come to the publications in fiscal 1983, all related to the Library, will be named the Herbert Putnam center's goal of "keeping the book flourishing." Pavilion and the Luther H. Evans Pavilion, re- The Library of Congress/CBS Television spectively. Space currently occupied by the "Read More About It" project broadcast thirty- Jefferson Congressional Reading Room will be second messages suggesting good books fol- assigned to the Council of Scholars and re- lowing nineteen network presentations. Mi- named the Archibald MacLeish Pavilion. khail Baryshnikov, Helen Hayes, and Jean Stapleton were among the CBS stars who presented messages. This cooperative project's Council of Scholars fifth season was launched in September 1983. Since the project started in 1979, fifty-five CBS The Council of Scholars met twice during the specials have included "Read More About It" year and on both occasions continued its ex- messages. ploration of the topic "work." Michael Mac- In July 1983, "Read More About It" was coby of the Kennedy Institute at Harvard expanded to CBS Network Radio. The first University spoke at the fall meeting and message was broadcast by announcer Brent Irving Bluestone, vice president of the United Musburger in conjunction with the All-Star Auto Workers, at the spring meeting. baseball game. As in the television messages, Jinichi Konishi of the University of Tsukuba, the goal is to encourage people of all ages to ~apan,delivered a lecture on ~apanesetradi- visit their libraries and bookstores to "Read tional songs, and Creativity in Statecraft, a More About" a particular subject. The first paper presented by Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., at messages on CBS Radio will concentrate on the 1980 Creativity Symposium was published sports. by the Library. "And Now . . . Read About It!," a new Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

center project in cooperation with the Library's Congress for the study of the history of Exhibits Office, began in May. A short list of books, sponsored by the Center for the Book books suggested by the Center for the Book and undertaken in June by consultant Alice D. appears on an exhibit panel as part of LC exhi- Schreyer, is a major project that will describe bitions. The subjects of the first "And Now such collections in most of the Library's major . . . Read About It!" lists were the Brooklyn custodial units. Bridge, German-American immigration, and In response to a request from Unesco's maps of North America. Division for Book Promotion and Interna- Cap'n 0. G. Readmore, a smart cat who tional Exchanges, in July the Center for the knows a lot because he reads a lot, is the Book commissioned a research project to in- center's new reading promotion personality vestigate the effects of new technologies on with ABC Children's Television. He is fea- book distribution. The study is being prepared tured in animated thirty-second messages for the center by the firm of SKP Associates broadcast during children's and family pro- in New York City. gramming. Three messages, all based on More than seventy-five members of the Na- themes suggested by the Center for the Book, tional Advisory Board attended the board's were developed in fiscal 1983: "A Book Can annual meeting at the Library of Congress on Change Your Life," "Reading is a Trip," and October 15, 1982. Television, bookselling, and "Read a Book and Take a Look at the TV in the effect of the computer on the future of the Your Head." The Cap'n premiered on Satur- printed word were the principal topics. In day morning, September 10, to rave reviews February 1983 Simon Michael Bessie of Har- from young viewers. per and Row Publishers began a two-year The "Books Make a Difference" theme, term as chairman of the National Advisory originally conceived by center board member Board and its executive committee. The cen- Ann H. Eastman, continued to inspire reading ter's program and fund-raising efforts are the and library promotion projects. Xerox Educa- major concerns of the executive committee, tion Publications sponsored a "Books Make a which met on February 17, June 2, and Sep- Difference" essay contest in its READ maga- tember 15, 1983. zine, which reaches over a million students in As authorized by Public Law 95-129, the grades 6 through 10. The Center for the Book center's program and publications are sup- was host to the winner, eighth grader George ported by contributions from individuals, Manis, on April 18, 1983. Xerox has decided corporations, and foundations. During fiscal to make the contest an annual event. At a year 1983, $114,415 was received from sixty- special program held at the annual conference six donors. of the American Library Association in Los Angeles on June 25, community uses of the "Books Make a Difference" idea were dis- Optical Disk Pilot Program cussed. The most extensive local "Books Make a Difference" project was undertaken in In fiscal 1982 the Library of Congress had Toronto, Canada, in September. The eighty- signed contracts with Integrated Automation, six-branch Toronto Public Library system is Inc., and the Sony Corporation to provide op- using the theme as the basis for its year-long tical disk software and hardware to help in library promotion effort. Professional inter- preserving and improving access to the viewers are being hired, and the effort will in- Library's vast collections. At the direction of clude exhibits, publications, live radio shows, the Deputy Librarian of Congress, an Optical newspaper articles, and television features. Disk Pilot Program was launched and a cadre The guide to the resources of the Library of of employees from all parts of the Library Administration

was enlisted to assist in this effort toward ers, reference librarians, and others through solving the nagging preservation problem. questionnaires and interviews. The pilot program is divided into two seg- Simultaneously with the completion and ments-a "print" segment in which the occupancy of the Madison Building, the Plan- Library would use state-of-the-art digital ning and Development Office presented a optical disk equipment to capture high- study of future space needs for the Library resolution electronic snapshots of printed ma- of Congress. Based on an analysis of data on terials and a "nonprint" segment in which the the growth of the collections since 1977, the Library would use commercial analog video- study forecast that the general collection will disk equipment to capture lower-resolution fill its allocated space in approximately electronic images of graphic materials. The twenty-one years, while available stack space latter segment would also experiment with for the growth of other collections will last state-of-the-art compact audiodisks to digi- only fifteen years or less. tally record and play back sound materials. Ten major tasks and the corresponding Collections Development Office skills essential to the timely execution of the pilot program were identified, and nine teams In its fifth year as part of the Office of the composed of more than fifty staff members Librarian, the Collections Development Office were appointed. The teams' tasks include con- continued to serve as the chief focal point for tract monitoring, installation and acceptance, the formulation of policies and the coordina- pilot experiment design, pilot operation, and tion of activities relating to the acquisition, design of the test facility. By the end of fiscal selection, control, custody, and preservation 1983 the design of the program was virtually of the Library's collections. completed: The teams had selected the items During the year two new acquisitions policy and the procedures for handling them, estab- statements were issued. In consultation with lished methods for bibliographic access, de- the Prints and Photographs Division, the office veloped the retrieval system, designed reader issued a new statement for fine and applied stations and identified their locations, and arts, including posters, fine print drawings, conducted planning research on and evalua- popular applied graphic art, and books and tion of the system. periodicals on those media. A comparable statement was produced for photography. Because of the vast number of Planning and Development Office photographs available, the Library must limit its selections to those of the highest artistic The Planning and Development Office became merit, those which illustrate the history of responsible for disseminating information on photography as a medium, and those which the Optical Disk Pilot Program and for plan- document historical periods, persons, events, ning and executing the program's research on and cultural trends. use and users of the disk system. To help A major project to reselect the Library's answer queries, a fifty-one-minute videotape uncataloged backlog of over a quarter-million was produced for showings to the staff and volumes was initiated. It is anticipated that public and nine internal Optical Disk Pilot nearly a quarter of the volumes can be dis- Program Circulars were published. The office carded or transferred to other libraries. A compiled a list of requirements for data col- sizable number of pamphlets will be trans- lection by the machine itself and devised ferred to subject and area divisional files for methods for gathering information from read- possible batch cataloging in the future. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Evaluations of gifts, deposits, materials for ings. In the Madison Building an Automation exchange, and loans to other institutions Orientation Center was opened, an Optical totaled more than eleven million dollars, the Disk Project Center in the Automated Sys- greatest amount since 1970. More than half of tems Office computer room was readied for this total consisted of materials on temporary operation, .and several corridor and lobby or extended loan for exhibits outside the areas throughout the building were prepared Library, which were evaluated for insurance for exhibits. Additional space was acquired purposes. Among the works evaluated were in Pennsylvania for underground storage of three outstanding music collections presented microfilm and at the Washington Navy Yard to the Library, comprising the compositions for Federal Research Division offices. and papers of George Gershwin, Erich Korn- At year's end the Library continued to oc- gold, and the Seeger family. cupy space at the following remote facilities: Taylor Street in Washington, D.C., Landover Center and Suitland in Maryland, Duke Street in Virginia, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Library Environment Resources Office in Ohio, and National Underground Storage in Pennsylvania. With the installation of the bronze decorative screen over the main entrance, the original Legislative and Congressional Oversight contract work for the James Madison Memo- rial Building was completed. After the final move in February, building occupancy had On October 2 the President signed into law reached 3,430 employees. Using a special P.L. 97-276 making continuing appropriations appropriation, new furnishings were ordered for federal agencies and programs for fiscal for the Law Library. Delivery and installation 1983. The continuing appropriation act in- of recorded sound shelving was completed, cluded $203,679,000 for the operation of the and the Music Division's compact stacks were Library. In addition, $5,071,000 was appropri- filled with collections. ated to the Architect of the Capitol for struc- ,At year's end, Arthur Cotton Moore/Asso- tural and mechanical maintenance, care, and ciates submitted final contract drawings and operation of the Library's buildings and cost estimates to the Architect of the Capitol grounds. for renovation and restoration of the older Included in P.L. 97-276 was an amendment Library buildings. Sprinkler installations in to Section 1719 of Title 44 to provide for dis- the bookstacks in both the Jefferson and tribution by the Government Printing Office Adams Buildings continued and were sched- of official publications for international ex- uled for completion during the summer of change. The amendment also provided that 1984. expenses connected with the distribution of In the Jefferson Building, the Loan Division these publications would be borne by the moved into expanded and refurbished space issuing agency. and study facilities were relocated to allow P.L. 98-63, providing for supplemental ap- continuation of work on sprinkler installa- propriations for fiscal 1983, appropriated tions in the bookstack areas. A part of the $5,506,000 to the Library for increased pay Catalog Management and Publication Division costs. was, relocated from the fourth to the second S. Con. Res. 59, authorizing the Librarian floor in the Adams Building. Collections shifts of Congress to study the changing role of the continued throughout the year in both build- book in the future, was reported by the Senate Administration

Rules and Administration Committee (S. Re- nity Complaints Office, and during the year an port 98-200) on July 28 and passed the Senate additional 134 new complaints were received. on September 14. At the end of the fiscal year, Thirty-two informal complaints became the resolution was pending before the House. formal. The Librarian of Congress testified on be- Seventy-nine complaints were resolved at half of funds for the renovation and restora- the counselor's level, 9 at the officer's level, 7 tion of the Thomas Jefferson and John Adams by the assistant chief, 6 by the chief, 4 at the Buildings before the Subcommittee on Legis- complaint examiner's level, 1by the Associate lative Branch Appropriations, House Com- Librarian, 2 by the Acting Librarian, 1by the mittee on Appropriations, and before the Librarian, and 8 by the U.S.District Court. At Subcommittee on Legislative Appropriations, the close of the year 51 informal and 89 formal Senate Committee on Appropriations. Funds complaints of discrimination were pending. were not appropriated pending completion of the final working drawings of the associated architects. After the House hearing, the Gen- Internal Audit Office eral Accounting Office was asked to review the project. Its representatives met with rep- Nine internal audit reports were issued dur- resentatives of the Architect of the Capitol, ing the fiscal year. These included a report on the Library, and with the associated architects, office automation equipment, computer ter- Arthur Cotton Moore/Associates, and held minals, and minicomputers in the Library of two joint meetings with staff members of the Congress; an audit of the Copyright Office House Subcommittee on Legislative Appropri- Licensing Division's accounting system and ations. The Architect of the Capitol again controls; and a review of the contract for granted Arthur Cotton Moore/Associates an word processing and office automation equip- extension of time to complete their working ment. drawings. As an interim measure the Archi- The report on office automation equipment, tect requested funding from Congress to computer terminals, and minicomputers dis- initiate preliminary building alterations to closed that all Library departments main- expedite and facilitate personnel relocations tained some type of inventory record for the before the first phase of construction. Funding equipment in their custody. However, there for the work was denied, but $750,000 was was no comprehensive perpetual inventory of appropriated to permit restoration of the west all automation equipment owned by and under front of the Thomas Jefferson Building, which lease to the Library. A physical review of all has badly deteriorated. computer terminals indicated that several de- During the year 22,191 congressional re- partments could probably justify additional quests were handled by units of the Library equipment, while others had an excess of ter- other than the Congressional 'Research Ser- minals for their present operating levels. The vice. The Loan Division processed 34,692 review also noted that the procurement of congressional book loan requests. minicomputers and microprocessors should be preceded by cost-benefit and feasibility Equal Employment Opportunity Complaints studies designed to cover all aspects of the planned applications, types and costs, and other pertinent considerations. At the beginning of the year 41 informal and In the report on office automation and word 82 formal complaints of discrimination were processing equipment in the Library, it was pending in the Equal Employment Opportu- recommended that a thorough review of the Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

recent procurement of office automation equip- Congress, U.S.D.C., Civil Action No. 80-0554). ment be performed to provide guidance for The court dismissed the suit, holding that the future procurements. Library had acted properly in making the re- At the request of the Licensing Division, the quest and that the Library was not responsible Internal Audit Office reviewed the accounting for how the FBI conducted its investigation. system and internal controls employed by the On the last day of the fiscal year, a very im- division for collecting, processing, depositing, portant ruling was handed down by the U.S. and investing jukebox and cable TV royalty District Court (D.C.). It denied class certifica- fees. The report recommended that procedural tion in a discrimination lawsuit filed by a changes be implemented to better comply with Library employee who sought to act as a class pertinent Department of the Treasury regda- representative (Cook, et al. v. Boorstin, tions for 'the prompt deposit of remittances. U.S.D.C., Civil Action No. 82-0400). The Court, Audit trials appeared adequate, and the state- however, did grant the motion of six other ments of fees collected and invested prepared Library employees to intervene. These matters by the Licensing Division appeared to provide will go to trial in 1984. adequate information on the funds available The Copyright Office made thirteen refer- for distribution by the Copyright Royalty rals of delinquent motion picture film deposits, Tribunal. a 67 percent decline from the previous fiscal year. In part, this decline can be traced to the combined efforts of the Office of the General Office of the General CounseI Counsel and the U.S. Attorneys in Los Angeles and New York City in filing civil actions Litigation, which usually amounts to about 30 against recalcitrant depositors. percent of the office's workload, increased to Employees in the Library's Preservation about 50 percent in fiscal 1983. Nineteen cases Office continued to invent new ways to pre- were pending at the end of 1982; in 1983, that serve paper and have been granted a patent number dropped to nine. Of the nine cases for a process which utilizes an alkali metal filed in U.S. District Courts, six were filed by a borohydride. As a result of a new law requir- single Library employee. This brought to fifty- ing the United States Patent Office to charge two the total number of lawsuits this one em- much higher fees for the issuance and main- ployee has filed against the Library since 1972. tenance of a patent (P.L. 97-247), the Library For the first time, however, the Library was will now have to pay a significant amount for awarded attorney's fees for successfully de- this patent as compared to patents obtained fending against a frivolous and harassing case. in the past at almost no cost. Of the nine cases disposed of by the U.S. In 1971 the Library of Congress Trust Fund District Courts during fiscal 1983, the Library Board received, as gifts, shares in an entity was successful in eight. In the case lost (Del known as Home-Stake Production Company. Carmen v. Boorstin, U.S.D.C., Civil Action No. Over the past decade, small amounts of in- 81-1524), the court found that the plaintiff's come were paid periodically, but Home-Stake nonselection was a result of reprisal for filing filed for bankruptcy and went into receiver- an earlier complaint of discrimination. In an- ship. The distribution of the assets and the other decision, the U.S. District Court (D.C.) settlement of claims made in relation to the concluded that the Library had not infringed bankruptcy finally culminated this year. The the First Amendment rights of a former em- Library of Congress Trust Fund Board received ployee who had been investigated by the FBI a check for $31,530.40 and shares of stock in at the Library's behest (Clark v. Library of a new oil production company (which evolved Administration

out of the proceedings) as its part of the dis- recruitment, training and development, and tribution of the assets of the bankrupt. placement. The Library agreed to payment of a $34,000 Recruitment activities included numerous personal injury claim made by a visitor who visits to colleges and universities, a graduate slipped on a spill caused by a caterer and fell cooperative education program, and the estab- on one of the marble floors of the Thomas lishment of an affirmative action applicants' Jefferson building, injuring his back. Just days file. During the year the affirmative action before the trial, the contractor caterer, who coordinator or other professional staff mem- was also sued, paid $20,000 of the agreed upon bers representing the Affirmative Action Office settlement amount. visited the University of California at Berke- ley, University of California at Los Angeles, OFFICE OF THE ASSOCIATE LIBRARIAN University of Southern California, San Diego FOR State University, Stanford University, Univer- MANAGEMENT sity of New Mexico, New Mexico Highlands University, Virginia State University, Virginia With the completion of the relocation of or- Union University, Hampton Institute, North ganizations and facilities to the Madison Carolina A&T State University, North Caro- Building early in the fiscal year, it was aga-in lina Central University, Massachusetts Insti- possible for the department to totally commit tute of Technology, Boston University, Har- its resources to the task of providing admin- vard University, University of Maryland, istrative and support services for Library Howard University, and University of the operations. District of Columbia. A notable change during the year was the Twenty-four graduate students from several transfer of the Affirmative Action Office and universities participated in the Library's the Women's Program Office to the depart- Graduate Cooperative Education Program, in ment from the Librarian's Office. This change which they performed various tasks and at- was part of a reorganization of the Library's tended orientation seminars on each depart- Equal Employment Opportunity Program that ment of the Library and on the Library's was implemented on January 24, 1983, to provide more effective coordination and con- personnel selection system. While most of the trol of the important activities of these offices students returned to graduate school, five to others in the department, especially per- had completed their degree requirements and sonnel recruitment, placement, labor-manage- remained on the Library staff in temporary ment relations, and training. and permanent positions, Highlights of the activities and accom- Affirmative action was significantly ad- plishments of individual departmental units vanced through the establishment of the responsible for providing administrative and Affirmative Action Applicants' File in the support services are discussed in the follow- Affirmative Action Office. Potential applicants ing pages. who complete a one-page Job Interest Form distributed by the Affirmative Action Office are included in a system which ensures their Equal Employment Opportunity Programs receiving an individual copy of each vacancy announcement in their field at the salary level The Library's activities during the year to they indicate on the form. The system was promote equal employment opportunity fo- instituted in July and became operational in cused on the implementation of its first multi- August. During the first two full months of year plan with programs for affirmative action operation, a total of fourteen vacancy an- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

nouncements were mailed to 686 applicants. tions to ASO. These recommendations related Training and development activities during to EEO data needs, in the form of contributing the year consisted mainly of Affirmative Ac- to the development of a task definition, and. tion Seminars and Affirmative Action Fellow- later regarding changes necessary in the IS1 ships. The seminars, "The Panel Rating Pro- package in order to provide the necessary cess" and "Effective Job Interviewing," were EEO data. offered to members of the staff wishing to The office had proposed the development of sharpen their job application skills. Twenty- automated personnel action transaction data four Affirmative Action Fellowships were which would be necessary in order to take the awarded for the year. These fellowships pro- next step in the Equal Employment Opportu- vided up to twelve hundred dollars per year nity Commission (EEOC) methodology for for tuition and school expenses for staff wish- affirmative action planning-the barrier anal- ing to advance their careers through study at ysis. During the past fiscal year, the Women's local colleges and universities in the evenings. Program Officer worked with AS0 staff mem- The Library's main internal placement pro- bers who developed computer programs that gram for affirmative action is the Target Series will make this information available for com- Program. During the year eleven professional pleted fiscal years. Once the IS1 package is positions were posted for competition in this fully operational, this information is expected program, including those of copyright special- to be available on a current basis as well. ist, librarian, technical information specialist, The Administrative Detail Program, coor- computer specialist, and social science analyst. dinated by the Women's Program Office, The Women's Program Office directed the offered a record twenty opportunities for development by the Automated Systems selected staff members to work with Library Office of an automated program to provide managers and administrators during a ninety- Underrepresentation Indices, which in earlier day temporary assignment. years had been calculated manually. Last year, the Library embraced a policy of The women's program officer served as voluntarily adopting procedures in the EEOC technical monitor for a contract with Econo- guidelines for affirmative action planning. metric Research, Inc. (ERI), the purpose of This involved completion by the Women's which was to review the Library's personnel Program Office of a Workforce Utilization data system and make recommendations re- Analysis. Little specific guidance was forth- lated to the use of data for affirmative action coming from the EEOC during the past fiscal planning purposes and for possible use in year in this regard, and the office was in- litigation. ERI summarized its findings at a volved in monitoring the activities of other meeting of the Executive Session on June 8, agencies in order to keep the Library informed 1983. concerning the status of federal sector affirm- One aspect of the Equal Employment Op- ative action. portunity (EEO) data developed' that was During the year the affirmative action co- reviewed by ERI was the recommendation by ordinator and the women's program officer . the Automated Systems Office (ASO) that the served as ex officio members on the Affirma- Library purchase an integrated personnel and tive Action Recruitment and the Supervisory payroll software package from Integral Sys- Development Task Forces, and the Target tems, Inc. (ISI). The office was involved sub- Series Development Program, all three of stantially before approval of the recommen- which were established to develop future dation, not only in coordinating the ASO-ERI affirmative action programs. interaction but also in providing recommenda- During fiscal 1983 the Women's Program Administration

Advisory Committee, composed of volunteer trons on computer systems and services at staff members selected from various depart- the Library. ments of the Library and three of the Library's bargaining units, were organized into five A new extended character set computer subcommittees: Committee Planning and Or- terminal was procured by the Library with ganization, Program, Administrative Detail delivery expected to take place in early Program, Workshop Development, and Infor- fiscal 1984. This equipment, which re- mation Resources. The advisory committee places previous terminals, will display ' provides assistance to the Women's Program diacritics in their proper relationship to Office and gives staff members an opportunity the characters. to apply their ideas and talents to the work of the Women's Program. Committee members Significant progress was made in data were helpful in developing staff programs and transfer. Through the use of data commu- workshops, administering the selection proc- nications lines, data files can now be ess for the Administrative Detail Program, transferred between the Computer Service organizing that program's briefing schedule, Center and the computer facility in the keeping up Women's Program bulletin boards Cataloging Distribution Service [CDS). and information racks, and recommending This facility enables records on maps, materials for a resource center being estab- films, and other media to be transferred to lished in the office. CDS for distribution. A similar facility is being developed between the Library and Automation Activities the House of Representatives to communicate data on legislative activity. During fiscal 1983 the Automated Systems Office introduced notable improvements in the The two-year effort to convert the Cus- availability and effective utilization of com- tomer Information Control System (CICS) puter equipment in support of Library opera- teleprocessing monitor to a new version tions. Included in ASO's accomplishments (from release 1.3 to 1.5) was completed. were the following: This will allow for more flexible management of computer systems. in production Service hours of the Computer Service and in the testing phase. Center, the central computer processing facility of the Library, were increased to Increased attention was given to the secu- seven days per week, twenty-four hours rity of data activity. To provide additional per day. This change has provided addi- controls on unauthorized access to com- tional time for scheduled preventive main- puter files, software was procured to aid tenance of critical hardware components in validating user passwords and identifi- and for the processing of critical batch cation data. production work. To provide increased service to online 0 The Automation Orientation Center, a users, a system to allow users to retrieve combined auditorium and computer ter- SCORPIO data from multiple files simul- minal room facility, was established in the taneously was completed. Similarly, with Madison Building. The center was put to the MUMS system users can now search use by all Library elements to brief up to eight files simultaneously and cur- Library and congressional staff and parent updating of associated indexes is now Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

more effectively accomplished when new System was improved to make it more reliable prime records are added to the files. and easier to use. Improvements are being introduced into the Commercial software procured provided Cataloging and Control System used by the for increased activity in the development National Library Service for the Blind and of a personnel system, computer system Physically Handicapped. An improved index problem tracking, and other internal sys- to Latin American legislation was also being tems for monitoring computer performance. worked on. An automated thesaurus generation and maintenance system was procured Small, microcomputer-based systems were for this system and will be used initially by introduced at the Library. The initial appli- the Hispanic Law Division. New copyright cations were developed for existing word filing fee procedures were included in the processing equipment for the Music Divi- automated systems, providing more timely sion, Buildings Management . Division, accounting. A portable bar code reader for Equal Employment Opportunity Com- use in future copyright systems was success- plaints Office, Processing Services, and the fully tested, and the box number system used Automated Systems Office, in entering copyright data was modified to improve the efficiency of the deposit storage In the user application development area, and retrieval process. Several other modifica- three new files were added to SCORPIO. tions to improve copyright system response These were improved versions of the Bill time were also completed and installed. Digest and Congressional Record files for the Two major areas of work in fiscal 1983 98th Congress and a new file containing a de- which will bear fruit in the future are office scription of the federal programs or activities automation and the Optical Disk Pilot Program. that have a terminating date specified by law. Several staff members have been investigating Improvements were also made to the Con- the interconnection of office activities, and an ' gressional Research Service publication Up- experiment in the use of electronic mail was date. The new online National Union Catalog begun. The pilot program is investigating the (NUC) inputlupdate system permits the Cata- handling of images of materials in the collec- log Management and Publication Division to tions and the application of computer-con- input, update, and delete records in a real- trolled videodiscs to the work of the Library. time environment. The Names online system Projects completed in part or in whole by was enhanced so that Series Authority data AS0 included the discs used by the American could be maintained and accessed. This pro- Folklife Center with its exhibit "The Amer- vided the automation support necessary for ican Cowboy" and tapes used to illustrate the Processing Services to implement TOSCA president's program at the midwinter meeting (Total Online Searching for Cataloging Activ- of the American Library Association. The ities), an important step toward full online automated videodisc-based patron instruction cataloging. A higher level of service to the system was entering its final phase at year's Congress, the Library staff, and the public was end. The office's most far-reaching activity, made possible by enhancing and extending however, was its involvement in the Optical the books paging system so that the Collec- Disc Pilot Program. The contract for the digital tions Management Division can update files disc print project was monitored and applica- directly online to reflect relocations of the tion software designed, and the equipment will collection and the work stations assigned to be delivered in the first and second quarters specific call number ranges. The Nitrate Film of fiscal 1984. Design support was provided to Administration

the Prints and Photographs Division on the the Jefferson Building to accommodate sepa- videodisc nonprint projects with respect to rate House and Senate Page Schools. the use of the microcomputers that will control the disc and provide the retrieval Installation of the bronze book screen at the capability. Independence Avenue entrance to the Madi- son Building.

General Management Services Progress is apparent in the program to improve .the landscaping of the grounds of the Capitol Hill buildings. The objective is a bal- Buildings Management anced design establishing a focus, tying the three buildings together, and at the same time In the management of the Library buildings recognizing the individuality of each building during fiscal 1983 considerable attention was by bringing the grounds into closer conform- given to the resolution of a number of prob- ance with architectual style. lems with the structural and mechanical The Library experienced an unusually high systems. turnover of ARA cafeteria managers during The Madison Building fire protection and the fiscal year. As a result, there has been security systems have proved troublesome by some loss of continuity in the program to virtue of their size, complexity, and effective- improve and enhance food services. There ness. The fire alarm system has been activated have been successes, however. Both staff and a number of times by highly sensitive smoke visitors are showing increased interest in the detectors which sensed combustion products Buffet Room, where beer and wine were made from trucks, cigars, burning toast, and other available with meals. The facility is now miscellaneous ignition sources. As a result, functioning effectively as a resource to the procedures for initiating evacuation of the staff by providing a more formal dining area building are under study to reduce unneces- with a sophistication not available in cafeteria sary work interruptions. The system has, how- operations. ever, proven very reliable, with few instances In spite of the high turnover of managers, of alarms in the absence of an actual ignition the food service program was financially suc- source. cessful, and no price increase was necessary An important step toward protecting the this year. In order to realize the full potential collections was taken during the year when of the physical and staff resources associated installation of fire sprinkler systems in the with the cafeteria, snack bars, and vending bookstacks of the Adams and Jefferson Build- areas, the Library contracted with Cini- ings was begun. The system will be operable Grissom Associates, Inc., for a review of the when final water supply lines are installed Library's food service goals and objectives under the renovation program. vis-5-vis the needs of the various users of the Other accomplishments affecting Library food facilities and recommendations re- buildings during fiscal 1983 include: garding services in the Adams and Jefferson, Buildings. The results are under review to Resurfacing of the copper roof over the Rare determine the feasibility and cost-effectiveness Book and Special Collections Division in the of their implementation. East Pavilion of the Jefferson Building. All Library Special Police officers have received training and certification in the admin- Complete renovation of third-floor space in istration of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

(CPR). Completion of this training has enabled request for $5,889,000, a supplemental to the Library's medical officer to restructure cover Medicare costs for $1,105,000, and a emergency medical response procedures to supplemental for furniture for renovation of meet staff needs more effectively. the Jefferson and Adams Buildings for Electronic security systems were designed $7,700,000, which was denied. The Congress and installed for the Federal Research Divi- allowed $214,784,000 in the new budget sion and the National Library Service for the authority in 1984 and authorized the use of Blind and Physically Handicapped, whose $9,500,000 in 'receipts for the Copyright Office Taylor Street Annex installation now includes and Cataloging Distribution Service. card-controlled access for certain exterior Work was started on a complete revision doors and closed-circuit television cameras of the Library's central automated financial for the building roof. Design and installation processes, including all phases of accounting, were completed on a national security informa- payroll, and disbursing. An interim micro- tion vault for the Federal Agencies Collection computer-based disbursing system was intro- in the Serial and Government Publications duced in August. Requirements analysis was Division. Electronic security systems were completed for a new general ledger and a also designed and installed for exhibit areas in competitive procurement made for a new sys- the Oval Gallery and in Core E on the sixth tem which is expected to be installed in 1984. floor of the Madison Building. Additionally, Analysis was begun on requirements for a the Madison exhibit area security system was new payables system, and review continues reinstalled to meet the specific requirements on the problems associated with possible pur- of the American Cowboy exhibit. chase and refinement of a new payroll system. Collection of Medicare taxes was added to payroll processes in January. Modification of Financial Management the payroll system began in order to provide Funding available for operations of the Library for the making of deposits by those employees in 1983 totaled $218,585,000, which included with post-1956 military service electing to do $209,185,000 in available direct appropriations so for Civil Service Retirement purposes as from Congress and $9,400,000 in offsetting permitted by the Omnibus Budget Reconcilia- collections. Other available sources included tion Act of 1982. Also the collection of cost- working fund advances, transfers, and gift, of-living allowances from military retirees' trust, and service fees, which totaled some pay was initiated. $19,950,000. In addition, the Architect of the A new microcomputer-based automated Capitol received $5,151,000 for structural and disbursing system was begun in August. Be- mechanical care of the Library's buildings and cause of problems in equipment reliability and grounds. Details of the Library's financial rec- nonavailability of contract support, the Auto- ords for fiscal 1983 appear in the appendixes. mated Systems Office began programming on The Library budget for 1984 was presented Compucorp equipment to accommodate the to the Congress and hearings were held by the Accounting and Disbursing system currently House Subcommittee on Legislative Branch being operated on the Monroe Microcomputer. Appropriations on February 9, 1983, and by Initial testing of the software on the new the Senate Subcommittee on Legislative Ap- machine indicates success. propriations on April 19, 1983. The request Discussions have been held with Treasury for appropriations totaling $221,757,000 rep- Department staff on new procedures which resented a 1.5 percent increase over the total will be required in 1984, including tape rather for 1983, including a 1983 pay supplemental than paper records of checks issued, intro- Administration

duction of regular electronic funds transfer in use of existing facilities, a review of the Land- lieu of composite bank checks, and introduc- over Annex warehouse space layout was tion of paper checks. made and plans developed to realign the storage rack system to provide for better space Materiel Management and Support utilization and future expansion. As a result, it is expected that there will be an increase of Following years of planning and coordination storage capacity by approximately 40 percent. with many Library offices, the Procurement The Materiel Section implemented the and Supply Division's activities relating to serialized property labeling program and con- occupancy of the James Madison Memorial tinued to reassign and dispose of furniture Building finally subsided sufficiently to allow and equipment available as a result of occu- concentration on the improvement of internal pancy of the Madison Building. Serialized operations. Challenged by new obstacles in property inventory control has provided more fiscal 1983, with inflated workload levels and reliable and accurate accountability of Library the need for fiscal austerity, the division con- property. It is expected that a file maintenance tinued its emphasis on the utilization of exist- capability will be available to the division ing human and materiel resources aimed at early in fiscal 1984 through data entry on a increased productivity. Administrative and video terminal located at the Landover Annex procedural activities were scrutinized for Building. adaptability to automation, and new programs were developed to produce more effective Central Administrative Services management reports using word processing equipment. Early in the year the Printing and Binding The Contracts Section highlighted the year Units of the Central Services Division and the with an unprecedented negotiation of eight Library's telecommunications activities were multiyear contracts, ranging from computer moved to the Madison Building. A central equipment hardware and services and retro- sign-making operation-the Buildings Graph- spective conversion of bibliographic records ics Facility-was also established in the to multistate center services for distribution Madison Building and has been completely of materials to the blind and physically equipped to provide the Library with perma- handicapped. The section further realized nent signs for interior and exterior use by major reductions in expenditures in several means of the Cromalin process. key areas: Bibliographic 3270 terminals were During the year the Paperwork Management reduced by $106 per unit, conversion from Section made a total of fifty-four visits to lease to purchase of existing computer ter- forty-one congressional offices for the'purpose minal . equipment resulted in an estimated of providing advisory service on records man- savings of a half-million dollars over the next agement. Subject classification outlines and eighteen months, and more than $50,000 in indexes were prepared for use in eight of savings was realized by the negotiation and these offices. In the forms management pro- conversion of maintenance contract computa- gram 963 forms were processed, including 129 tion. Additionally, contracting services con- new forms, 222 revised forms, and 612 re- tinued its support of the Congressional Budget prints. In addition, 332 forms were eliminated, Office with the same cooperative dialogue en- resulting in an overall decrease of 203 from joyed since the program's inception. the number of forms in existence .at the end of Consistent with the Library's efforts to con- fiscal 1982. A total of 925 cubic feet of records solidate storage space and make more efficient were destroyed this year, as compared to 750 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

cubic feet last year, and 5,119 cubic feet of and other select system features and will copyright records were transferred to the serve as an aid to budget planning and also Washington National Records Center in Suit- help hold the line against inflation. land, Maryland. The Library now has 33,354 cubic feet of records stored at that facility. In the "Annual Summary of Records Holdings" personnel and Labor Relations submitted to the National Archives and Rec- ords Service, the Library indicated that it had The Personnel and Labor Relations Office ex- 35,960 cubic feet of records in office files at perienced an active and demanding year in the beginning of fiscal 1983. An additional nearly all of its areas of responsibility. Prob- 2,625 cubic feet are maintained in Library ably the most significant event during the storage facilities. Included in the total are year was the completion of lengthy negotia- 12,900 reels of magnetic tape. tions leading to the signing of master con- Demands on the Printing Unit continued to tracts with American Federation of State, grow, with 68,431,310 impressions produced County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME] or procured as compared to 62,973,906 for Locals 2477 and 2910. The Library is also fiscal 1982. At the close of the year, the Com- continuing its efforts to develop and validate posing Unit upgraded the photocomposition employment selection procedures for Library system by installing a Compugraphic MCS positions. Work is expected to be completed system in place of the Mergenthaler Omni- by the outside contractor at the beginning of tech. The system includes a high-speed the new fiscal year. Another outside con- printer and a preview screen which allows the tractor has begun to work on a valid clerical operator to see a page as it will be set, with test, which should be completed in the spring proper point sizes, spacing, and typefaces. In of 1984. During the past year, Library officials the course of the year the unit produced two met with investigators from the General Ac- thousand camera-ready pages. counting Office who had been asked by the The volume of visual information services Congress to critique the Office of Personnel work, including charts, diagrams, slides, trans- Management's methodology concerning the parencies, flyers, covers, posters, and hand- development of new standards for the librar- lettered certificates, continued to increase, ian series. By year's end this matter remained with a total of 3,060 separate items being proc- unresolved. essed as compared to 2,864 the previous year. During the year, the major impetus of the In addition, 2,271 visual aids consisting of Labor Relations Office consisted of full-scale office identifications, posters, nameplates, and bargaining with the AFSCME locals in the other graphic displays were processed through area of master contract renegotiations and the Buildings Graphics Facility during the midterm bargaining. Finally, the Library year. reached an agreement with the two locals With the advent of AT&T's divestiture, the and a formal signing ceremony was hosted by Library has subscribed to the C&P Telephone the Librarian on March 1, 1983. Stalemated Company's Centrex Rate Stability Plan for a negotiations with the Congressional Research period of thirty-six months. Under this plan, Employees Association resulted in several a portion of the Library's monthly bill will be negotiability issues pending before the Fed- protected against telephone-company-initiated eral Labor Relations Authority. Contract ne- rate increases until July 22, 1986. The plan gotiations with the Special Police Unit of covers Centrex Intercommunications charges AFSCME Local 2477 were in progress at the (line costs), Centrex custom calling features, close of the year. Negotiations with the Law Administration

Library of Congress United Association of on a more expeditious basis. Personnel cases, Employees are scheduled to begin in January i.e., adverse action cases, separations, etc., 1984. The Labor Relations Office continued to were reviewed by this office for legal suffi- issue guidance on specific issues relating to ciency and the observance of appropriate due labor relations events in the Library, such as process. The office's advisory services con- grievances,' arbitration, and charges of unfair sisted of responses to legal questions, drafting labor practices. Training sessions for all su- and review of policy documents, and confer- pervisors of AFSCME unit employees were ences with management/supervisory staff on conducted by the office on the interpretation' the legal aspects of personnel policies and and application of the new labor agreements. procedures. A considerable portion of the office's time was Fiscal 1983 was a record-breaking year for devoted to investigating and deciding griev- the Recruitment and Placement Office. Some ances and providing daily guidance to super- statistics for the year as compared to the previ- visors involving all types of situations covered ous year are: applications received, up 21 per- or potentially affected by the agreements. A cent to an all-time high of 38,103; tests admin- top,priority this year was to provide a news- istered, up 16 percent to 9,592; computer data letter to supervisors covering guidelines and entries and changes, up 47 percent and 25 trends in the labor relations area. This goal percent, respectively, to 69,295 and 213,944; was accomplished, and the office's newsletter and applications rated by panels, up 9 percent is now appearing monthly. to 7,775. Other increases were seen in the area The workload of the legal adviser to the of inquiries, vacancy anouncements issued, director of personnel fell into four broad cate- and personnel actions processed. In the area gories in fiscal 1983: appeals, equal opportu- of Affirmative Action this office conducted the nity cases, personnel cases, and general Target Series Program and the Extended Va- advisory services. The appeals workload, in- cancy Announcement Program, participated cluding trials of administrative appeals of in the Affirmative Action Fellowship and adverse actions, equal opportunity cases, per- Graduate Cooperative Education Programs, formance ratings, etc., was the most demand- conducted a statistical study of where app& ing with respect to personnel resources and cants reside for the Women's Program Office, probably the most significant in the impact of and participated in the massive ongoing Af- the cases tried on the Library's personnel firmative Action Research and Analysis data policies. The three attorneys in this office collection project (AARA). The AARA pro- spent a total of 171 days preparing for hear- ject has, to date, involved mailing question- ings, 50 days in trials, and 11 days preparing naires to over eight thousand persons who post-hearing briefs. Final decisions were rend- have applied for positions at the Library and ered in nine appeals during the year. All of then inputting the data returned into a com- them were favorable to the Library. Since the puter to produce reports and analyses on the establishment of this staff activity, sixty-six Equal Employment Opportunity aspects of the cases have been tried, with unfavorable deci- application process. sions in only six. Equal opportunity cases, in- The Staff Training and Development Office volving the representation of managers, is the continued to provide the full range of staff second largest workload factor for the office. development functions during the year. Major During the past yearthe office also began pro- accomplishments included revision of the viding legal services to the Equal Employment automated training information system and Opportunity Complaints. Office, and efforts the Library orientation and new staff orienta- were made for the mutual handling of cases tion programs, as well as the establishment of Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

a Career Resource Center. Other programs counseling sessions, physical exams, and can- administered in whole or in part by the office cer screenings, as well as an increase in the include the Library Intern Program, the complexity of compensation cases. Affirmative Action Fellowship Program, and The projects of the Position Classification the Supervisory Development Program. The and Organization Office during the year in- office conducted and coordinated training cluded completion of a Classification Program classes for over- twenty-three hundred at- Facts brochure, which was printed and dis- tendees and monitored over sixteen hundred tributed to the staff and contained questions hours of in-house training. Courses ranged and answers on position classification and from supervisory to basic skills training. A management. The office began a major project multiyear training catalog was produced in to establish performance requirements for all fiscal 1983, saving printing costs and time bargaining unit positions within AFSCME Lo- over the previous annual catalogs. Staff mem- cals 2477 and 2910 and conducted several bers with visual or auditory handicaps were classification seminars and workshops for able to attend more classes owing to the in- managers and supervisors. A position classifi- creased availability of readers and signers, as cation study of lithographic and printing jobs, well as of braille textbooks. A Basic Manual mandated by the Office of Personnel Manage- Communications Course for working with the ment, was also completed. Seven maintenance hearing impaired was also offered. reviews were conducted, including one in Major activities of the Health Services Research Services, three in Processing Ser- Office included the implementation of a new vices, one in the Law Library, and two in the Emergency Medical System (EMS], develop- Congressional Research Service. Seven posi- ment of a new Medical Record System, estab- tion surveys were conducted, two in Research lishment of Library Health Forums in which Services, two in the Law Library, and three in physician specialists from the community the Congressional Research Service. And five lecture Library staff on timely health topics, reorganizations were administered, four in and issuance of LCR 2018-3, Special Counsel- Processing Services and one in the Librarian's ing and Health Assistance Program, after Office. completing lengthy negotiations with the Staff Relations Office activities in fiscal labor organizations on this subiect. In addi- 1983 focused on the Employee Assistance tion, the Library's medical officer visited Program, the Employee Counseling Program, offices throughout the Library to study envi- and the Supervisory Counseling Program, as ronmental health problems and established well as numerous other special areas such monthly meetings with the safety officer to as tax assistance, Incentive Awards, interpret- review work-related illness and injury cases. ing services, employee organizations, and The EMS replaced the Medical Alert Program requests for advanced sick leave and sick and concentrates on using the medical staff leave abuse. Besides seeing the creation of a and members of the Special Police Force to new Incentive Awards regulation during the provide emergency medical care. In this con- year, the office also developed and issued nection, 145 members of the force and 20 guidelines for employee organization events. other staff members received cardiopulmo- Much time and energy was expended in devel- nary resuscitation training. Health Forums oping the Employee Assistance Program, covered topics such as smoking and lung dis- which is expected to be formalized and to orders, cancer myths and realities, and under- experience considerable growth in the upcom- standing hypertension. Workload statistics ing year. This office and the Health Services indicated a steady rise in health-related staff Office share equal responsibility for providing Administration

counseling and referral services to members cessed totaled approximately 5,100, a figure of the staff with alcohol/drug and emotional almost equal to that for fiscal 1982. There problems under this program. During the year were 201 "outstanding" ratings recommended the Staff Relations Office met a most impor- and approved this year, compared with ap- tant challenge by providing assistance to proximately 149 last year. agency managers in the areas of leave administration, performance evaluations, denial of within-grade increases, interpretation of Photoduplication Service agency regulations, and other human relations issues at the workplace. Last fiscal year the Staffing of the Photoduplication Service re- office received a total of sixty-six requests for mained at the same level as last year. How- interpreting services for the deaf at staff ever, internal changes did occur: the size of meetings, training classes, interviews, sem- the Reference Section was decreased to reflect inars, ceremonies, committee meetings, and a decrease in outside orders, while the Micro- health forums. This year the number jumped to photographic and Photographic Sections in- two hundred, more than a threefold increase. creased their staffs and hence their production. The Personnel Operations Office continued In April 1983 William E. Younger, head of to experience increasing workloads, due the Public Services Section, retired after al- partly to new legislation and partly to the new most forty years of employment in the contracts and court decisions. The 1982 Omni- Photoduplication Service. bus Budget Reconciliation Act, which changed By year's end it appeared that fiscal 1983 the Retirement Act, and the 1982 Tax Equity had been a record year in sales-and possibly a and Fiscal Responsibility Act, which placed record year for capital accumulated in a single staff members under Medicare, had a tre- year-and that the losses suffered during the mendous effect on the workload of the office. past three fiscal years will be recouped. This Other developments that increased workload improvement in the financial situation was were the implementation of flexible and com- achieved without a rate increase. Contributing pressed work schedules, the testing of a new factors were significantly greater production automated personnel system, and an extended and productivity in the Microphotographic Health Insurance Open Season, during which Section, elimination of positions in the Refer- the office held a Health Benefits Fair. Two ence Section, and abatement of inflation. salary adjustments were made under the Gen- To simplify orders for positive microfilm, eral Schedule rates and five under the Wage in January the service began charging a flat System during the year, requiring the prepara- twenty-three dollars per reel for positive tion of over five thousand Notification of microfilm printed from existing negative. Action forms for the staff. Retirement activity The service issued eight new circulars in continued to be heavy-optional retirements fiscal 1983 to announce the availability of col- processed rose '14percent over last year. The lections microfilmed in the Library's preserva- office issued seven Special Announcements to tion program. Noteworthy titles included the the staff covering such subjects as Medicare Records of the National Consumers League, and excused absence due to hazardous the Official Gazette of the Republic of Viet- weather and issued memoranda to all super- nam, Land Ownership Maps on 105-mm visors on pay adjustments to part-time, files Microfiche, and Great Britain Local, Personal, kept by employee name, and other personnel and Private Acts. matters. A total of 9,358 personnel actions During the year the service, in cooperation were processed. Performance ratings pro- with the Prints and Photographs Division, Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

instituted a program of systematically pro- equipment which automatically calculates ducing a soft print and copy negative for postage and UPS charges was installed in the every glass negative entering the Photographic Mail Unit. A Wangwriter word processor was Section as a result of a customer order. This acquired for the use of the support staff in the program will result in preservation of the Office of the Chief. Early in the year the Mail glass negative since almost all future orders Unit began using UPS whenever feasible. for prints will be filled using the copy negative. The total microfilm contents of the master Efforts were continued to augment and up- archival negative microfilm vault grew by a grade the coin-operated copying service. The record 15,995 reels to 286,179 reels. The num- total number of copiers available to the public ber of reels now housed off-site is 40,252, This was increased from twenty-two to twenty- includes material which must be serviced as five. A Sharp 815 was installed in the Geog- well as material for which a printing negative raphy and Map Reading Room, providing exists. 11- by 17-inch copies for twenty cents. The The filming of the Land Ownership Maps service also maintains eight bill changers Collection on 105-mm microfiche, the first throughout the Library for the convenience of project undertaken using the cartographic patrons using the coin-operated copiers. camera, was successfully completed and well . In addition to purchasing six Coinmaster- received. Additional map collections were Sharp 850's and six coin acceptors for microfilmed during the year. This new format has film/microfiche reader-printers for public use, made an important contribution to map pres- the service made significant equipment pur- ervation and access. chases to increase efficiency of its operations. During the year the service also began pro- The Microphotographic Section acquired an viding quality assurance for the Cataloging OP 212 automatic diazo microfiche duplicator/ Distribution Service microfiche masters for the collator. New Pitney Bowes electronic mail National Union Catalog and related catalogs. National Programs

Through both the coordinated efforts and the on living cultural resources distinguishes it work of individual units in the department of from previous cultural surveys conducted in the Associate Librarian for National Pro- the region. The field team will pay special at- grams, the many publics the Library serves tention to the interrelations of the region's have been informed about and involvqd in a cultural groups, natural resources, and land- wide variety of activities during this year. scapes. The Pinelands Commission hopes to This chapter presents but a glimpse of some apply some of the study's findings in carrying of the hundreds of outreach activities that out its mandate to manage and interpret the helped to present and interpret the Library's region's resources, cultural as well as natural, resources and services. Although only the thus helping policymakers whose decisions more noteworthy activities are included here, can influence the variety of traditional life in we give special recognition to some individ- the area. uals whose service often goes unnoticed in an Another feature that distinguishes the Pine- annual report. It is through the sustained lands project is the automated archive being superior performance of its staff members that created in the field. By entering and cross- the department can maintain such a diverse referencing fieldnotes, tape logs, and photo- program. graphic logs daily into personal computers In the past two annual reports we have provided by the Library's gom mated Systems noted the election and service of the depart- Office, field workers are creating a data base ment's director, Carol A. Nemeyer, as the that can be further programmed at the Library president .of the American Library Associa- and may ultimately be accessible through the tion. With this report we note the completion Library's automated search and retrieval pro- of her term of service to the world's oldest grams. If successful, the experiment will con- and largest library association. "Connections," stitute a major advance in the collection and the theme that served as her focal point for processing of survey data. the forty-thousand-member organization, con- Four years of planning and development tinues to link the Library of Congress to other culminated on March 24, 1983 in the grand libraries and to scholars and users worldwide. opening of "The American Cowboy," an exhibition coordinated by the Folklife Center with unstinting assistance from virtually the AMERICAN FOLKLIFE CENTER entire Library. Almost every custodial division displayed something in the show. The This was the year in which the American service divisions played an important role in Folklife Center initiated a field project in the achieving the goals, and the Exhibits Office, Pine Barrens of New Jersey. The area was Information Office, and Publishing Office, un- chosen as a project site because its million der the guidance of the Associate Librarian acres of sand, short pines, and scrubby oaks for National Programs, each made invaluable have been designated by Congress as the contributions to the success of the exhibition "Pinelands National Reservew-a unique cate- and the production of a handsome exhibit gory of public land. catalog. The Pinelands Folklif e Project's emphasis The concept for the cowboy exhibition Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

originated with Ray Dockstader, deputy di- of the Working Cowboy." "The Cowboy rector of the Folklife Center, who was also the Image" was examined on May 17. Then, on center's coordinator for the exhibition and July 21, a day was devoted to discussion and related activities. A generous grant from performance of cowboy music, from papers in United Technologies Corporation assisted the the morning to a noontime outdoor concert of Library in developing this major exhibition cowboy songs, afternoon conversations with and illustrated catalog. Among the individuals musicians, and an evening dance. who were instrumental in the production of "The American Cowboy" closed on October the exhibit and the catalog were guest curator 2, 1983, to travel to the Institute of Texan Lonn Taylor, the Library's curator Ingrid Cultures in San Antonio (December 1983- Maar, exhibit designers Robert Staples and January 1984), the Denver Museum of Art Barbara Charles, and LC writer-editor Evelyn (March-April 19841, the Glenbow Museum in Sinclair. Calgary, Alberta (June-July 1984), and the San President and Mrs. Reagan joined the Li- Jose Museum of Art in the San Francisco Bay brarian of Congress and guests on the evening area (September-October 1984). of March 24 to open "The American Cow- In his "Director's Column" for the July- boy." The President, who toured the exhibit September 1983 issue of Folklife Center News, before addressing those assembled for the Alan Jabbour noted a "widespread and intense opening reception in the Madison Building, interest in folk art around the United States quipped that he kept looking, to no avail, for today-not only an interest in finding, collect- a display highlighting his role in the film ing, presenting, and viewing it, but an artistic Cattle Queen of Montana. fervor to create it as well." The questions of The "American Cowboy" exhibit presented what folk art is, where it is found, whether it perspectives ranging from factual to fictional, should be marketed and for whose benefit, from mundane to unexpected. The 370 exhibit have been generating increasing controversy items combined documentary images, such as in the last few years. With assistance from the an 1890 photograph of Oklahoma Indian cow- Museum of American Folk Art in New York boys with artistic works by Frederic Reming- City the center made plans to sponsor the ton, Charles Russell, and others. There were "Washington Meeting on Folk Art" at the also tools of the trade, a jukebox that played Library of Congress on December 5-6, 1983. twenty cowboy songs, cowboy autobiograph- The Federal Cylinder Project team devoted ies, playbills, pop art, maps, movie stills, and much of its time to the preparation of project advertisements. The exhibit was organized publications this year. The first two compan- into three major sections-"The Real Live ion catalogs for the cylinder collections- Cowboy," "The Cowboy Hero," and "Mean- Volume 1, Introduction and Inventory, and while, Back at the Ranch." The opening and Volume 8, Early Anthologies-are in press, closing sections offered realistic portrayals of and work on the series of catalogs continues. the cowboy then and now, while the central The team also began developing an LP disc portion presented the cowboy as embellished and cassettes of Omaha cylinder recordings by the American imagination. made by Francis La Flesche, an Omaha In- During the exhibit's six months at the Li- dian, and Alice Fletcher in the early years of brary, the cowboy theme was worked into a this century. The publication, funded with a number of special American Folklife Center grant from the L. J. and Mary C. Skaggs Foun- presentations and concerts. On March 29 the dation, will be edited by ethnomusicologist center presented the symposium "From Open- Maria La Vigna, a former member of the Range Cowboys to Rodeo Clowns: The Story Cylinder Project team. National Programs

"The American Cowboy" inspired a number tioning of listening and photocopying facilities, of greeting cards and posters. Three new cards work areas, and filing cabinets. were produced using "Pony Tracks," a color One unusual acquisition this year was four- lithograph circa 1895 by Edward Penfield from teen cartons of manuscript material repre- the Library's Poster Collection; "1877 A Round senting a selection of the grant applications Up 1887," a chromolithograph advertising approved by the Folk Arts Program at the label from Prints and Photographs; and Fred- National Endowment for the Arts during its eric Remington's illustration for Harper's early years. The records, which were to be Weekly, December 21, 1889, "Cowboys Com- discarded, have become an interesting addi- ing to Town for Christmas." The official ex- tion to the archive, providing a record of hibition poster was made from the cover grant-supported folk arts activities in recent image of an early edition of The Log of a years. Contract consultants Jay Orr and Holly Cowboy by Andy Adams. From the Manu- Cutting Baker processed the material and are script Division came a photograph of Dustin now engaged in preparing a computer-gen- Farnum, the first actor to play in Owen erated index for the files. Wister's The Virginian on stage, which be- As in years past, a major contribution by came a second exhibit poster. the archive to the literature of folk-music The center continued its Outdoor Concert scholarship was the 1,492 entries submitted to Series in 1983 with performances from April the "Current Bibliography" section of the through September. In addition, a number of journal Ethnomusicology. 'special concerts, workshops, films and lec- Gerald E. Parsons continued as editor of the tures punctuated the year, including Japanese revised and expanded edition of the series music by the Washington Toho Koto Society, "Music of the American Indian," ten record- an illustrated lecture by folklorist Jack San- ings drawn from the field collections of Wil- tino, a discussion and demonstration of weav- lard Rhodes. All print matter for the first disc ing ornaments and effigies out of wheat by in the series-AFS L34, Northwest [Puget Carolyn Schultz and Ursule Astras. The cen- Sound)-is now ready to go to press. ter rounded out its program with two films- The archive produced "Library of Congress Frederick Wiseman's High School, produced Folk Archive Finding Aids" to describe por- in the cinema verit6 style, and Wedding Cam- tions of the special materials under the els. Also enjoyed was an illustrated lecture on archive's control, and "Library of Congress European folk art by Tamas Hofer, a visiting Folk Archive Reference Aids," which list Hungarian scholar, and two special concerts, bibliographies, directories, and such. one by the Khmer Classical Ballet, the other by The titles produced in 1983 included "Street the Deseret String Band from Salt Lake City, Cries, Auction Chants, and Carnival Pitches Utah. and Routines in the Recorded Collections of the Archive of Folk Culture," compiled by Amanda Dargan, and "American Indian and Archive of Folk Culture Eskimo Music: A Selected Bibliography Through 1981," compiled by Marsha Maguire The staff of the archive will remember the with assistance from Pamela Feldman and past year as a series of moving experiences. Joseph C. Hickerson, the first reference aid in The manuscript, reference tape, and in- the new series. The archive also prepared process collections were relocated and the finding aids for field recordings from Alaska, archive's offices were slightly expanded, nec- Idaho, and Utah, as well as revised editions of essitating adjustments in the periodic reposi- "Inventory of the Bibliographies and Other Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Reference and Finding Aids Prepared by the viewing. world of the contemporary American Archive of Folk Culture," "Virginia Field Re- child. cordings in the Archive of Folk Culture," and On June 13 the center's new chief, Sybille "A Guide to the Collections of Recorded Folk A. Jagusch, joined the Library staff. Mrs. Music and Folklore in the Library of Congress." Jagusch is the associate editor of Phaedrus: An International Annual of Children's Litera- ture Research, a member and past secretary CHILDREN'S LITERATURE CENTER of the International Research Society for Chil- Despite understaffing during much of the fiscal dren's Literature, and a member of the exec- year, the Children's Literature Center man- utive board of the U.S. Section of IBBY. She aged to perform its basic function as a refer- has served on numerous national and interna- ence center while hosting a major public tional committees, including the Hans Chris- program, continuing its professional activities tian Andersen Awards Committee and various in children's literature, and publishing the an- ' committees of ALA-ALSC. Her professional nual annotated bibliography, Children's Books. experience includes over ten years as chil- In cooperation with the Center for the Book dren's literature specialist with the Baltimore and "Scandinavia Today," the center invited County Public Library and a short teaching the internationally known Swedish children's career in the Federal Republic of Germany, book author Astrid Lindgren to speak during her native country. Children's Book Week. Her lecture, as well as Margaret N. Coughlan, reference specialist illustrations from her numerous children's and acting chief until the arrival of Sybille books, appeared in the summer 1983 issue of Jagusch, chaired the 1982 ALA-ALSC New- the Quarterly Journal of the Library of bery Award Committee and is currently chair Congress. of ALA-ALSC's National Planning for Special Scandinavian children's books were further Collections Committee. Other professional in- highlighted by a symposium on children's volvements included serving on the Awards book publishing at which specialists from Committee of the Children's Literature Asso- Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway, and the ciation and the Planning Committee of the United States exchanged information. Children and Young Adult Discussion Group The center continued to respond to a va- of the District of Columbia Library Associa- riety of inquiries relating to a broad spectrum tion. She was a consultant for the just-re- of children's books. Among the center's con- leased second edition of D. Kirkpatrick's stituents are the general public, government Twentieth-Century Children's Writers and officials, the communications media, and the for Humphrey Carpenter's Oxford Companion professional community. The center's staff to Children's Literature. sought to strengthen ties to these publics by . The center was active internationally .as actively participating in organizations and well: Margaret N. Coughlan attended the programs related to the media needs of the Loughborough Seminar on Children's Litera- child. For example, the center's staff contrib- ture in Wales, and Sybille A. Jagusch repre- uted to several committees of the American sented the United States as a juror at the Library Association-Association for Library Bratislava Biennale in Czechoslovakia, Service to Children (ALA-ALSC), and the In- ternational Board on Books for Young People (IBBY). The staff took part in the Children's EDUCATIONAL LIAISON OFFICE Book Council's Everychild Conference, a major program devoted to the reading and The Educational Liaison Office (ELO) ar- National Programs

ranged special tours, appointments, and orien- installation was anticipated before January tations for 4,994 participants in the Library's 1984. Official Visitors Program during the year, a On January 4 Thomas Fisher was welcomed 21 percent increase over the previous year. as the new educational liaison specialist. Ninety-three countries were represented by The highlights of the more than one hun- the 1,261 foreign visitors hosted, the majority dred occasions making up the work of the of whom came from Brazil, China, France, special events coordinators this year were the Italy, Japan, and South Africa. Numerous pro- opening of the "American Cowboy" exhibi- fessions were represented as well, with li- tion, dedication of the Mary Pickford Theater, brarianship accounting for more than 27 per- the ALA teleconference, the Sousa ceremony, cent of the total. dedications of the Oval Gallery and the As noted earlier, the President of the United Mumford Room, observances of "Scandinavia States visited the Library with Mrs. Reagan Today," the opening of the Prints and Photo- on March 24 to open "The American Cowboy'' graphs Reading Room, the Armed Services exhibition. Other heads of state visiting this Editions seminar, the International Associa- year were the President of Israel, the Presi- tion of Music Librarians Conference, the LC/ dent and First Lady of Portugal, the Vice National Library of Canada summit meeting, President of Colombia, and the wives of the the Cooperative Reference Exchange, the President of Finland, the President of Spain, Arab-American Literature symposium, and and the Prime Minister of Denmark. the Public Lending Right symposium. Other notable visitors included the ambas- At the end of August, a card file of 1,040 LC sadors to the United States from Bangladesh, retirees' names and addresses prepared by the Burma, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, special events coordinator was delivered to Egypt, Indonesia, Ireland, The Netherlands, the Printing and Processing Section of Central and Thailand, as well as the Archivist and Services for input into the Library's main Comptroller General of' the United States, computer. The list captures for the first time author William Styron, actress Fay Wray, for- in a single source file information about re- mer Virginia governor Linwood Holton, the tirees. The list will be updated annually by the Supreme Patriarch of Thailand, and the Na- special events coordinator. tional Archivist of China. The educational liaison officer, ~ohnHenry Counted among the 1,372 librarians who Hass, continues to keep in touch with the in- came to the Library as official visitors were ternational community, serving his second the national librarians of El Salvador, Ireland, three-year term as an elected director of the Japan, and Tunisia. Special all-day orientation International Student House. He has attended programs were arranged for groups of stu- various meetings at Meridian House through- dents enrolled in schools of library science at out the year, including the Programming Offi- a number of universities, including Catholic, cers Workshop and the meeting of the Board Drexel, East Carolina, Kent State, North of Directors of the National Council for Inter- Carolina, North Carolina Central, Pittsburgh, national Visitors. Rutgers, Simmons, Tennessee, and Western Michigan. The Tour Unit gave 1,866 scheduled public EXHIBITS OFFICE tours to 36,612 visitors and 652 special tours to 16,504 visitors (congressional, ELO, etc.). The Exhibits Office prepares visual displays Plans to install recorded tours for visitors to for the Library of Congress buildings in order the Jefferson Building Gallery were begun to share with the general public the collec- with the cooperation of many divisions, and tions of the Library. In keeping with this goal Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

the office also organizes and circulates travel- lighted this year in three different exhibits, ing exhibits and manages loans of materials starting with "Panoramic Maps of North from the Library's collections to other institu- American Citiesw-bird's-eye views of some tions for exhibition. of America's large cities as they began to be Reminiscences of "days gone by" figured settled and to flourish. "Mapping the North strongly in the exhibits program for fiscal American Plains" documented 347 years of 1983. "The American Cowboy," as noted exploration and mapping by early explorers, above, provided a realistic look at one of travelers, and cartographers. "Railroad Maps America's long-lived legends and showed how of North America: The First Hundred Years" this folk hero has influenced today's culture. exhibited a representative sampling of the five "Currier & Ives Revisited" displayed a di- thousand railroad maps preserved in the col- verse collection of the famous lithographs lections of the Library of Congress. that idealize nineteenth-century American The Oval Gallery on the sixth floor of the life. Photographs of the working and social Madison Building, dedicated to the memory of conditions of child laborers in the "Lewis Caroline and Erwin Swann, was formally Hine, Reformer with a Camera" exhibition opened with an exhibition of drawings by give a less nostalgic view of life at the turn of three contemporary caricaturists, "Levine, the century. Opening in the Madison Building, Osborn, and Sorel." this photographic exhibit became part of the The Traveling Exhibits Program continued Library's Traveling Exhibits Program. its nearly fully booked schedule, with nine The dedication of the Mary Pickford The- traveling exhibits being shown in forty-seven ater in the Madison Building was the occasion institutions, including nine U.S. embassies in for another commemorative exhibit, "Mary foreign countries. Pickford, America's Sweetheart." Photos, The exhibits loan program coordinated the posters, memorabilia, and film costumes worn lending of more than 726 items from the Li- by Miss Pickford were included, together with brary's collections to supplement exhibitions an early motion picture camera autographed in eighty-two institutions, including three for- by Miss Pickford and the Oscar she received eign countries. for her performance in Coquette. A complete listing of all exhibitions pro- "America in the War," an exhibition formed duced or concluded during fiscal 1983 appears by Artists for Victary, Inc., in 1942 to convey in appendix 12. the impact of the war on the life of the Amer- ican people, was reassembled after forty FEDERAL LIBRARY COMMITTEE years for display at the Library, to which a set of the prints had been donated in 1946. Serving the collective needs of federal agen- This exhibit also became part of the Traveling cies for more efficient and effective library and Exhibits Program. information services, the Federal Library This year marked the hundredth anniver- Committee (FLC) conducted various activities sary 'of the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge, to achieve better use of federal library re- and rarely seen images of the bridge were in- sources and facilities. cluded in the Library's commemoration of the Many commercial information services used centennial, "Art, Poetry, and a Way to Brook- by federal libraries, particularly automated lyn." The tricentennial of German settlement information services, offer economies of scale in the United States was celebrated by an such as lowet rates to high-volume users. The exhibit of maps, prints, photos, and books. Federal Library Committee offers such cen- More than two hundred maps were high- tralized, cooperative services to all federal National Programs

library and information centers through its completed, to support federal libraries in the Federal Library and Information Network Southeast. (FEDLINK). The FLC office provides coordina- To offer members alternative or additional tion and cooperation with nonfederal libraries online cataloging and related services, con- and information centers as well, through ac- tracts were continued with the Washington tivities such as microcomputer development (State) Library Network (WLN), the Research for library applications and demonstration, Libraries Group (RLG) for subject access to its participation in the planning and presentation Research Libraries Information Network of training programs, and serving as federal (RLIN), and MIA-COM Sigma Data Corpora- representatives and consultants to networks, tion, library organizations, and other groups. A consolidated request for waivers from During fiscal 1983 FEDLINK membership GSA for the Teleprocessing Services Program grew to over five hundred libraries and infor- (TSP) and the Delegation of Procurement mation centers, cooperating on nineteen on- Authority (DPA) was obtained for the biblio- line data base services that resulted in 1,045 graphic services mentioned above and for ten Interagency Agreements (IAG) for a total online retrieval services: Bibliographic Re- amount of $13,400,000. This represents an in- trieval Services (BRS) ; Lockheed, DIALOG; crease of 25 percent in participating libraries System Development Corporation (SDC), and information centers, 35 percent in inter- ORBIT; Mead Data Central (MDC), LEXISI agency agreements, and 24 percent in billings. NEXIS; New York Times, INFOBANK; Legis- The use of the 'WANG VS Minicomputer late, Inc., LEGI-SLATE; West Publishing Com- Word ProcessingIData Processing System has pany, WESTLAW; Dow Jones NewsIRetrieval; continued to improve the operational effec- Participation Systems, Inc., POLITECHSI tiveness of the handling of fiscal accounts. EIES; and Institute for Scientific Information The online shared catalogina service con- (ISI). tract with the Online Computer Library Center In February 1983 the FLC launched FED- (OCLC) has grown from 360 federal libraries LINK Technical Notes, which deals directly and information centers in fiscal 1982 to over with network office services and activities and 390 in fiscal 1983, is intended to keep FEDLINK members in- Access to OCLC's data base of over 10 mil- formed of what is happening in the network lion records and 140 million holdings symbols office and to communicate new services and input by over thirty-six hundred members is technological changes. Also included are available to FLCIFEDLINK members through personnel information, a calendar of forthcom- the OCLC telecommunications network and ing events and scheduled training, and infor- also through commercial telecommunications mation about current contractual services. networks using dial-up local telephone con- Plans were completed to convert the FLCI nections. The federal records added to the FEDLINK conference room into a Microcom- OCLC data base consist of approximately 4.5 puter Center for demonstrating FLCIFED- million records and are growing at a rate of LINK microcomputer equipment and software 65,000 logical records a month. to members of the federal library and infor- Contracts with the Bibliographical Center mation community. The center will open early for Research (BCR) in Denver, the Wisconsin in fiscal 1984. Interlibrary Services (WILS), the Missouri James E. Rush Associates prepared a report Library Network (MLNC), and the AMIGOS for the FLC membership entitled Review and Bibliographic Council in Dallas were con- Survey of Microcomputer Hardware 6. Soft- tinued. A new agreement with SOLINET was ware for Library and Information Service Ap- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

plications. The report will be updated periodi- In August 1982 the Office of Personnel cally. Management (OPM) granted a limited time to RMG Consultants, Inc., of Chicago was FLC, as well as to other organizations, to meet hired to conduct a marketing study for the with OPM's staff to review and comment on identification and development of new prod- its third draft of proposed standards. On uct and service markets for the use of federal November 12, 1982, OPM, with advice from libraries and information centers. The pur- Congress, decided to release its final draft to pose of the study is to produce a marketing government agencies and professional asso- plan for FEDLINK products and services based ciations for comments, which were due on on documented market research. December 15, 1982. On November 19, 1982, The Library and Information Services Divi- the FLC office sent FLC members and other sion of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric federal library directors the final draft for Administration (NOAA) requested that FLC their review and comments. The FLC Person- contract a study of the cost effectiveness of nel Subcommittee, chaired by Elisabeth contracting for the division's functions and Knauff, Department of Treasury Library Direc- services. King Research, Inc., was hired to tor, incorporated the FLC and federal librar- conduct the study, which should be completed ians' responses and submitted a marked-up early in fiscal 1984. copy of the final draft with a letter of trans- One result of the King Research study will mittal to OPM on December 14,1982. be a series of seminars on the A-76 process in The General Accounting Office (GAO) was libraries. Three seminars are planned for 1984 asked by Congress to conduct a major pay on the management effectiveness study, per- equity study and to investigate the classifica- formance-oriented work statement, and esti- tion standards processes of the Office of Per- mate of government cost. sonnel Management and the impact of the Compilation of a dictionary encompassing process on pay equity for women. The FLC all data elements used in major systems for office forwarded to GAO written documenta- handling technical reports was completed. The tion and comments on its position relating to systems include those of the Department of the OPM proposed Librarian Standards. The Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), GAO study team findings-"Classification and Department of Energy Technical Information Qualification Standards for the GS-1410 Li- Center (DOEITIC), National Aeronautics and brary-Information Service Seriesw-were sub- Space Administration Scientific and Technical mitted to OPM on August 12,1983. Information Facility (NASAISTIF), National FLCIFEDLINK staff members made eight Technical Information Service (NTIS), and presentations on tape processing, microcom- Government Printing Office (GPO). puters, retrieval services, and OCLC subsys- The survey of federal libraries conducted in tems at the 11th Annual Federal Interagency cooperation with the Learning Resources Field Librarians' Workshop in Washington, Branch of the National Center for Education D.C., December 1-3, 1982. James Riley, FLC Statistics to update the findings of the 1972 executive director, gave the keynote address. Survey of Federal Libraries was completed Curt Holland of the OMB Office of Federal and is available through the Educational Re- Procurement Policy spoke on the A-76 Re- sources Information Center. The data in the vision, "Performance of Commercial Activi- survey should provide planners in the legisla- ties," subtitled "Contracting Out Government tive and executive branches an overview of Services," at a special FLC meeting for federal the scope and diversity of federal library librarians on February 9,1983. operations. On May 2-4 at the annual FEDLINK mem- National. Programs

bership meeting, FLC sponsored, with James more frequent requests from both the press, E. Rush Associates, a Microcomputer Confer- and the public. The office arranged press ence and Exposition at which selected ven- briefings for significant events as a way of dors showed and discussed their systems and making Library programs more widely known services in small-group sessions. Preliminary and, through its national public service adver- findings of an FLC-sponsored survey of micro- tising program, stimulated public awareness computer systems for library and information of the Library as a treasury of the nation's center applications were presented. cultural heritage. In anticipation of additional The Federal Library Committee met on increases in visitor attendance, the office has August 24 to discuss "A Model for A-76 also been working with other divisions to Studies in Federal Libraries," with speakers produce audiovisual orientation programs, de- Elizabeth Yeates, chief of the Library & Infor- scriptive brochures, and other printed information Services Division of NOAA, and mation. Nancy Roderer, vice president for operations The number of direct press inquiries in- at King Research, Inc. This was one of a num- creased from 2,315 to 2,879 this year. More ber of programs on this important topic pre- dramatically, the number of press clippings sented during the year. from all parts of the country that mentioned In April 1983 Carol Nemeyer, FLC chair- the Library increased from 3,727 to 6,555, re- person, requested that an FLC Executive Ad- flecting broader coverage of LC activities and visory Committee (EAC) be created. Four especially the tremendous public interest in persons were named to the EAC and prelimi- "The AmericanCowboy." nary meetings were held in preparation for a Working with the American Folklife Cen- meeting with Dr. Nemeyer in July. Over the ter, the Exhibits Office, and the Publishing summer the EAC reviewed the FLC and its Office, the Information Office communicated FEDLINK activities. A business meeting of the with editors of some eight hundred news- official representatives of FLC was scheduled papers and magazines in the United States for October 20, 1983, to consider proposed and abroad, providing press releases, back- changes in FLC membership and organiza- ground information, photographs, and radio tional structure and to review network opera- and television spots and setting up interviews tion and program planning. with those involved in creating the exhibition. Members of the EAC, chaired by Dr. A press briefing for the exhibit opening at- Nemeyer, are Terry L. Appenzellar, library tracted fifty-six press representatives. Over director, U.S. Department of Justice; Joseph F. the six-month period in which the exhibition Caponio, director, National Technical Infor- was on view, some two hundred stories ap- mation Service; Roger F. Jacobs, librarian, peared in U.S. publications and many more in Supreme Court of the United States; Samuel the foreign press. An average of three film T. Waters, associate director, National Agri- crews per week came to take pictures in ,the cultural Library; and (ex officio) James P. exhibition area. Riley, executive director, FLC. A sales and information facility was opened in the lobby of the Madison Building in fiscal 1983. The original site in the Jefferson Build- INFORMATION OFFICE ing and the new one in the Madison Building produced counter sales of $288,608 compared As public interest in the Library continued to to $163,568 last year. Attendance at the annual increase-evidenced by the rising number of meeting of the Museum Stores Association visitors-the Information Office received made possible valuable training for the Infor- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

mation Counter supervisor, Mary Hill, and tinued to emphasize responsiveness to con- opened a new communications channel with sumers and improvement of efficiency and other cultural institutions. quality of machine production. One of the A major press briefing was held at Goddard year's highlights was the completion of the Space Flight Center to give press representa- voice-indexed recorded version of The Con- tives an opportunity to hear from Library staff cise Heritage Dictionary. Narration was done about the state of book preservation using at the National Library Service for the Blind diethyl zinc. The event resulted in consider- and Physically Handicapped (NLS) and cas- able print and electronic media coverage of settes are being. duplicated by the American the Library's central role in the development Printing House for the Blind. of a mass deacidification program, one that has significance to libraries everywhere. A large number of requests for information or interviews on the Library's preservation work were coordinated by the Information Office, Office of the NLS Director which is also part of the management team for the testing of the optical disk system, A conference on automation was held in Other events which received considerable Louisville, Kentucky, on May 17. Automation press attention in Washington and elsewhere proposals that will affect both NLS and net- in the nation included the Mary Pickford work libraries involved a study and proposal Theater opening, panoramic map display, fine for network data exchange and telecommuni- print exhibit, display of winning photographs cations (NLSNET), a circulation system for of the White House News Photographers As- microcomputers, and the Comprehensive sociation, symposium on Garibaldi, and Ger- Mailing List System (CMLS). man Tricentennial, together with several The NLSNET project moved ahead smoothly events sponsored by the Hispanic Division. as the detailed requirements for exchange of The Brahms Festival, a US. Postal Service machine-readable data among NLS, contrac- ceremony to issue the Library of Congress tors, and network libraries were met and the stamp, publication of Perspectives on John implementation phase was approved. This Philip Sousa, the fortieth anniversary of project will continue into the latter part of Armed Services Edition paperback books, and fiscal 1984. the second-term appointment at the Library In the continuing effort to improve sub- of poetry consultant Anthony Hecht also re- sciiber service, NLS completed a pilot test ceived press coverage. which involved entering magazine information into CMLS at three libraries. Subsequently NLS decided to implement the CMLS-maga- NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE FOR THE zine merge, consolidating all patron and sub- BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED scription information into a single data base. This project is expected to take about eighteen months. During fiscal 1983 the Library of Congress In Tuly 1983 NLS began to develop a cir- reading program for blind and physically culation and inventory control system for handicapped individuals served 639,000 per- microcomputers, with March 1984 the target sons through its networks. Circulation of completion date. This system will become a braille and recorded books and magazines standard for small-to-medium-size libraries approached 18.5 million. The program con- throughout the United States. The architec- National Programs

ture for the microcomputers and NLSNET will materials to readers. incorporate distributed data processing and the' A project undertaken in the final quarter of centralized collection of transaction data for the fiscal year for the House Committee on NLS systems supporting the network. Appropriations is well under way. This proj- The second phase of the Production Con- ect will examine the availability of books, trol-Management Information System (PCMIS) magazines, machines, and accessories to NLS was begun, with completion expected at the program participants, end of calendar 1984. This system will track In Washington, D.C., 194 readers of Talking the entire production process for all braille Book Topics and Braille Book Review, in all and talking books, providing timely manage- formats, have answered a questionnaire elicit- ment information to enable more effective ing their views on the usefulness of the pub- selection, manufacture, and distribution of lications in their present form. This pretest books. will be evaluated and appropriate modifica- In line with the emphasis on increasing re- tions made; if the results are found useful, sponsiveness to consumers in fiscal year 1983, revised questionnaires will be mailed to a NLS had thirty-five of its patrons in the Wash- scientifically selected sample of subscribers. ington, D.C., area evaluate production proto- NLS will tabulate and analyze the results and, types of the newly developed EZ-1 cassette in consultation with network librarians, rec- player. ommend appropriate revisions of the publica- Participants were program users who had tions. This second phase will take place not previously tried an NLS cassette player or during fiscal year 1984. who had found current cassette players diffi- Radio and television public service an- cult to operate. The majority of the people nouncements were produced featuring Pearl sampled found the new machine to be highly Bailey, James Earl Jones, Ossie Davis, Terry satisfactory in ease and quality of operation. . Gibbs, and others. Two announcements won NLS continued its cooperative project with awards-first place and honorable mention- a braille producer to develop a high-speed from the National Association of Government braille embosser for operation outside a pro- Communicators. One television spot was reduction environment. If successful, this line leased in the spring; the other three will be embosser would operate at five times the speed released in the fall. All radio spots were re- of similar equipment now available and might leased in the spring and are being broadcast be put to use within a library setting. The new nationally. equipment will be capable of embossing on Exhibits were coordinated at fifteen national both sides of a page, making it possible to em- conferences, 2,343 annotations were edited, boss a 400-page braille book in only eleven and 319 publications, network bulletins, mag- minutes. azines, bibliographies, catalogs, brochures, A contract with another braille producer to news releases, and other items were reviewed, develop software for converting print com- edited, and prepared for production and dis- positor tape into braille will conclude toward tribution by the Publication and Media Sec- the end of calendar 1983. The automated pro- tion staff. cedure employs the Duxbury braille transla- Two important international directories tor; in-house conversion programs are being were prepared. The International Directory of conducted using National Geographic maga- Libraries for the Blind and Braille and Re- zine. Both these automated conversion sys- corded Production Facilities lists all such tems, if successful, would reduce production sources for braille and recorded materials time and costs and speed delivery of braille around the world and gives pertinent informa- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

tion such as the language in which the mate- Network ~ivision rials are produced. The international Directory of Braille Music Collections contains addresses Services and operations at all four multistate of sources for braille music, along with de- centers increased during the year. These ten- tailed information about the nature of the ters circulated 48,607 disc and cassette con- materials in the collections. tainers and 17,023 braille volumes and dupli- To increase knowledge of and research in cated 51,971 open-reel and cassette tapes for library services for blind and physically hand- network libraries. A procedures manual, de- icapped people, NLS published a collection tailing operational activities in the multistate of original essays, That All May Read. De- centers, was completed and distributed. "Sys- signed primarily for use in library schools, it tem X" was installed in the Multistate Center will be of interest to professional librarians as for the Midlands, enabling four-track running well. Subjects discussed include services in masters to be created from two two-track academic, public, and school libraries here open-reel tapes. Twenty-two network agen- and abroad, international cooperation, educa- cies cooperated in phase 1 of the quality tion for librarianship and research, the history, assurance project at the Multistate Center for and standards of service in the United States, the Midlands, designed to improve tlie quality the history of NLS, users, materials, and pub- of locally produced materials. lishers, reading aids and devices, and state Consultant activities with network libraries programs. A brief history of the U.S. postal included handling more than 1,700 telephone laws regarding blind and physically handi- calls and 229 letters, plus 129 calls and letters capped people and an extensive bibliography from patrons. of foreign and domestic works are appended. Network librarians from the four areas NLS also published a second book, Speak- (North, South, Midlands, and West) met in the ing Out: Personal and Professional Views on spring and summer to discuss mutual con- Library Service to Blind and Physically Handi- cerns and to learn about recent NLS activities. capped Individuals. This book, compiled and Three subregional libraries opened during edited by Leslie Eldridge, a farmer San Fran- the year at Mt. Clemens and Portage, Michi- cisco subregional librarian, is a collection of gan, and Wheeling, West Virginia, bringing the interviews with selected NLS patrons, re- total number of subregional libraries to 103. gional librarians, and library school educators. A special collection of foreign-language Of the $33.3 million appropriated for fiscal braille was deposited in the Multistate Center for the Midlands, and approximately eight year 1983, approximately 90 percent was spent thousand volumes received from the Jewish on books and magazines (braille, cassette, and Guild were deposited in the Multistate Center flexible disc), playback equipment, biblio- for the West. graphic service to readers, and support to Ground-breaking for a new library took multistate centers. Fifty thousand cassette place in Hartford, Connecticut, and dedication machines were purchased this year. ceremonies were held for a new library in Major contracts awarded during fiscal 1983 Frankfort, Kentucky. The Kansas regional included those for rigid- and flexible-disc library relocated on the Emporia State Univer- magazines, braille magazines, a voice-indexed sity campus, and the Arizona regional library dictionary, software development for the pro- moved into its new building in Phoenix. duction control system, a microcomputer- Approximately 1,750 lessons of all braille based circulation system, a video cassette courses were processed during fiscal 1983, training program, extension levers, Ni-Cad and 560 tests were evaluated, with a 68 per- batteries, and braille mailing containers. cent rate of acceptance. More than 19,000 National Programs

items, including reports and instructional ma- braries handle consumer relations. NLS has - terials, were mailed, and 2,900 telephone in- received more than 250 requests for the first quiries were processed. chapter of this document-"Forming a Con- The Instruction Manual for Braille Tran- sumer Advisory Committeew-from schools, scribing was revised, with a simplified format, universities, and public libraries around the more examples, and easy-to-read typefaces. A . country. second person was accepted as fully qualified As part of its service to U.S. citizens living to proofread NLS braille music materials. The abroad, NLS circulated 3,458 disc books, 6,506 file of 15,000 names of certified braillists in cassette books, and 227 braille volumes to the Comprehensive Mailing List System was overseas patrons and answered 711 letters updated. from overseas patrons, other individuals, and A clearinghouse on federal documents in institutions. NLS made 270 international in- special media was established, data gathered, terlibrary loans to libraries and agenciessserv- a card file prepared, and the existence of the ing blind and physically handicapped users clearinghouse publicized to the network. abroad. A new deposit collection was estab- The head of the Consumer Relations Sec- lished in Heidelberg, West Germany. tion represented NLS at the First International An automated circulation system was im- Symposium on Maps and Graphics for the plemented for large-print music scores and Visually Handicapped and was appointed books. The Music Section also helped plan the head of a working group to compile a bibliog- NLS microcomputer circulation system, with raphy of literature on maps and graphics for the intention of eventually changing to the the visually handicapped. The group made microcomputer system for the circulation of recommendations regarding the acquisition all materials. and circulation of the NLS tactile map collec- Large-print and braille surveys. will be tion. Plans are under way to assist in the mailed to 3,500 music patrons early in fiscal preparation of a catalog of the present map year 1984. The surveys will gather informa- collection and to establish a circulation tion about reader interests, musical training, method for this material. satisfaction with services, braille music for- Two consultant contracts begun last fiscal mat preferences, and print size and paper year were continued into fiscal 1983. One ar- color requirements for large-print music. ranges for the compilation of a manual for "A Music Library for Blind and Physically volunteer programs to be used by network Handicapped Individuals," an information bro- libraries, as recommended by the NLS study chure describing NLS Music Section services An Evaluation of Volunteers. The other is for and materials, was published in braille. a study of NLS services to nonwhite, low- Support services to network libraries fo- income, and less-educated persons, as recom- cused on improving the quality of locally mended by the study Readership Character- produced recorded magazines, completing the istics and Attitudes. Network Library Manual, overseeing multi- In accordance with recommendations made state center services, enabling the redistribu- by the 1982 study of current consumer in- tion or disposal of excess books, coordinating put methods, the section produced a new orientations, preparing large and small sub- publication, Consumer Bulletin. This large- ject bibliographies for readers, finding aids for print publication provides information to con- reader advisers, and providing consultant sumer organizations and individuals as needed. services to network libraries and multistate NLS produced a new manual, Consumer centers. A second network consultant was Relations in Network Libraries, to help li- added to the staff. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

The Network Audio Production Standards codes. At the .conclusion of this project a col- Advisory Committee, comprising representa- lection of braille codes will be established for tives from active network recording programs research purposes. and the audio book production specialist, was formed to increase the quality of network- produced audio materials through promulga- Materials Development Division tion of standards of training and management a for recording programs. The Materials Development Division continued The biennial survey to determine topics for to concentrate on the quality and timeliness of special subject-matter bibliographies was production of reading materials and equip- mailed to all regional and subregional li- ment during fiscal 1983. One flexible-disc braries. The survey results will be used to de- manufacturer was unable to produce high- termine topics for fiscal years 1984 and 1985. quality magazine copies on time, so NLS Approximately forty-five hundred interli- ended its contract; as a result, recorded maga- brary loan search requests were answered, and zine service to patrons was briefly disrupted. more than eight hundred searches were com- Another manufacturer had problems with pleted in response to telephone calls from li- braille quality; when the contractor revamped braries, outside organizations, and individuals. internal control procedures, book shipments From producers and network agencies were delayed. Postal delays at a third loca- NLS received 10,233 cassette containers, 7,782 tion caused deliveries to be late; as a result, disc containers, 1,365 braille containers, and NLS has examined the mailing procedures 666 cartons. During the year, staff inspected used by all magazine producers. more than 25,509 cassette and disc books. At the same time, a shortage of cassette- NLS shipped to network agencies, foreign book machines, which began when last year's manufacturer went bankrupt, was aggravated libraries, and readers 5,592 cassette contain- under the transferred contract by the normal ers, 6,513 disc containers, and 2,082 braille requirements of obtaining materials necessary containers; 517 cartons were shipped within Q for production by the sole U.S. manufacturer the United States. qualified to produce this equipment. The qual- The Reference Section received more than ity of machines produced is being monitored thirty-one thousand pieces of mail during fis- closely through the use of resident inspectors cal year 1983. Staff responded to nearly thir- and tight control procedures. Although pro- teen thousand inquiries by mail or telephone, duction levels are rising, occasional shortages or in person. In addition, thirty-six hundred will persist throughout the remainder of 1983. separate items, such as applications for ser- NLS is working hard to locate and qualify vice and book orders, were forwarded to the additional sources to manufacture NLS equip- appropriate network libraries. ment. Twenty-one new periodicals were added to Approximately two thousand recorded and the reference collection, bringing total active braille books were produced for the NLS col- subscriptions to 403 paid and 69 gift. New and lection during fiscal 1983. The ongoing inspec- replacement books totaled 239; 125 new and tion program implemented during the last replacement items were ordered in quantity fiscal year resulted in higher-quality books to for the giveaway collection. the network and no recalls were necessary. A survey of braille codes for all languages This year new test procedures have been im- was sent to more than a hundred agencies and plemented for cassette duplication so that the organizations throughout the world in an section can monitor the contractor's equip- effort to obtain information about existing ment performance. NLS Quality Assurance . . National Programs

staff are monitoring the production of NLS French, Italian, German, Portuguese, Chinese, cassette-book machines at the manufacturer's Arabic, and Greek were processed into the establishment full time. collection. Titles in the collection are avail- One of the most significant projects under- able to patrons through network libraries. taken by the staff was the updating of the Included in the collection are fiction and non- automated inventory control system. This sys- fiction, classics, poetry, translations of English tem records and accounts for the entire in- works, and native titles. ventory of cassette and talking-book machines A braille edition, of Poetry magazine was produced and distributed by NLS. The ac- added to the program this year. Circulation counting involves many hours of documenting, grew to 267 in the first six months it was verifying, and editing reports and statements offered.' received from network agencies. The concept of an international union cata- A field test has shown that the easy-to- log of reading materials for blind and physi- operate cassette machine (EZ-1) is popular cally handicapped persons moved a step closer. with users, so the machine is now being tooled to reality as 10,000 bibliographic records, rep- for production. Development continues on the resenting reading materials in braille and re- combination machine, which contains many corded form from Australia, were successfully of the features of the EZ-1, plus a disc player. converted into the automated format neces- Production has started on the C-1, the cur- sary for the NLS union catalog. The first rent model of the standard cassette machine, records from this group appeared in the July with quality assurance of machines produced 1983 edition of the union catalog. a primary concern. The mechanical deck operation poses the most problems; the supplier has been required to rework approximately PUBLISHING OFFICE half of the decks shipped from Japan. The first recorded voice-indexed diction- The services and resources of the Library of ary, The Concise Heritage Dictionary, was Congress range across a broad spectrum of completed. Through the generosity of the pub- usefulness to highly specialized scholars at lisher, Houghton Mifflin, who granted NLS one end and to casual visitors at the other. permission to produce and arrange for the The Library's publishing program seeks to sale of the dictionary, the blind and physically cover that spectrum as well. Thus the forty- handicapped clientele of NLS now have access nine works published in fiscal 1983 ranged to a recorded reference work not previously from such esoteric but worthwhile guides as available. The American Printing House for Con temporary Amharic Creative Literature the Blind in Louisville, Kentucky, will handle and Lithuanian Periodicals in American Li- sales of the set, which consists of fifty-five braries to The American Cowboy, a highly cassettes in five binders and is priced at only popular catalog prepared as a broad study that eighty-five dollars. Copies of the dictionary goes far beyond coverage of the exhibit it ac- will be distributed to each of the 160 libraries companies. Published with funding provided in the NLS service network. by United Technologies Corporation, The A special foreign-language collection, con- American Cowboy examines the realities of sisting of materials in several media obtained cowboy life from the nineteenth century to from overseas agencies through gift, exchange, the present and explores the ways in which or purchase, has been established at the Multi- the image of the western hero has changed state Center for the Midlands. During the fis- over the years. cal year about three hundred titles in Spanish, An emphasis on people may be detected in Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

several areas of the Library's publishing pro- symposium held in conjunction with the in- gram this year. An outstanding example is augural meeting of the Library's Council of Perspectives on John Philip Sousa, edited and Scholars. with an introduction by Jon Newsom. Essays The ninth volume of Letters of Delegates to by William Schuman, Neil Harris, Pauline Congress, 1774-1789, edited by Paul H. Smith Norton, Frederick Fennell, James R. Smart, and covering the period from February 1 to Margaret L. Brown, and John Philip Sousa 111, May 31,1778, gives the reader a close-up view with contemporary illustrations, pay tribute to of the people and their leaders during a diffi- the "March King," his marches, and his band. cult time in the country's first war, while A number of other people received atten- Artists for Victory: An Exhibition Catalog, by tion in books published by the Library this Ellen G. Landau, captures the patriotic spirit year. Some noteworthy examples include: of Americans 165 years later, during World Wilbur and Orville Wright: Pictorial Materials, War 11. an extensive documentary guide compiled by Two additional reports in the Library of Arthur G. Renstrom; James Joyce's Hundredth Congress Acquisitions series were published Birthday: Side and Front Views, by Richard this year, describing Manuscript Division re- Ellmann; and Luther Harris Evans, 1902-1981 : ceipts during 1981 and outstanding Rare Book A Memorial Tribute to the Tenth Librarian of and Special Collections Division acquisitions Congress. Among the biobibliographic studies for the years 1977-1980. published in fiscal 1983 were Giuseppe Gari- Increased public interest in a number of baldi, 1807-1 882 : A Biographical Essay and sociopolitical matters was the impetus that led a Selective List of Reading Materials and Carl to the publication of several additional biblio- Schurz, 1829-1906: A Biographical Essay and graphic studies this year. These included Hu- a Selective List of Reading Materials in Eng- man Rights in Latin America, 1964-1980: A lish, both by Clara M. Lovett, and Lafayette Selective Annotated Bibliography,, compiled in America: A Selective List of Reading Ma- and edited by the Hispanic Division; Liberia terials in English, by Janina W. Hoskins. during the Tolbert Era: A Guide, compiled by George Bernard Shaw's bibliographer, Dan H. Beverly Ann Gray and Angel Batiste; and Laurence, provides insights into the art of three bibliographic guides compiled by George bibliography itself in A Portrait of the Author Dimitri Selim: American Doctoral Disserta- as a Bibliography. tions on the Arab World: Supplement, 1975-

Symposia held at the ' Library are often 1981; The Arabs in the United States: A Se- made available to a wider audience and in lected List of References; and Arab Oil: A permanent form through publication. The Bibliography of Materials in the Library of Early Illustrated Book: Essays in Honor of Congress. Lessing J. Rosenwald, edited by Sandra Hind- The twelfth volume in the Antarctic Bibli- man, is one example of the making of a fine ography series also appeared this fiscal year. book based on presentations by distinguished Edited by Geza T. Thuronyi, it contains ab- scholars from a variety of disciplines. Literacy stracts of scientific and technical studies on in Historical Perspective, a collection of eight Antarctica published through June 1982. papers edited by Daniel P. Resnick, originated For those who come to the Library to use in a Center for the Book conference at which the collections, additional assistance was pro- historians, educators, and government officials vided in 1983 through issuance of a revised discussed present and future research on lit- edition of Information for Readers in the Li- eracy. And Creativity in Statecraft, by Arthur brary of Congress, as well as through publi- Schlesinger, Jr., was originally presented at a cation of the eighth edition of Newspapers National Programs

Received Currently in the Library of Congress, 1983. This year's issues also reflected an em- which lists the 536 U.S. and 1,139 foreign phasis on people, with specific coverage of a newspapers available on a continuing basis. highly diverse group that included Patrick For children's librarians, parents, and the Hayes, Willa Cather, Ezra Pound, Victor Her- many others who select books for children, bert, Reinhold Neibuhr, Walt Disney, True the Library brought out Children's Books, Boardman, Theodore Granik, Will Barnet, 1982: A List of Books for Preschool through Astrid Lindgren, and Charlie Chaplin. Other Junior High School Age, compiled by Margaret articles discuss.ed the Bollingen Foundation, N. Coughlan and a committee of specialists. twentieth-century American fine printing, This year's list includes 147 titles selected for From the Manger to the Cross (the first literary merit, usefulness, and enjoyment. American film spectacular), the music for Star Also of general interest are The Library of Trek, the Historic American Buildings Survey, Congress 1982: A Brief Summary of the Major prison journalism, the Franklin Book Pro- Activities for the Fiscal Year Ending Septem- grams, the circus, and Halley's Comet. ber 30, 1982, a popular, illustrated annual re- The Publishing Office produced twenty new port, and Library of Congress Publications in greeting cards and fourteen postcards through Print, 1983, which provides a complete listing the Verner W. Clapp Publication Fund this of available Library of Congress books and year, together with reprints of some of the serial titles. most popular cards from past years. ' The Quarterly Journal of the Library of Con- A complete list of the Library's publications gress celebrated its fortieth anniversary in for 1983 appears in appendix 14. Congressional Research Service

Congressional demand for substantive re- primarily through the self-service CRS Infor- search and information support rose in fiscal mation Distribution Centers. This is an in- 1983, while the number of requests completed crease of 29 percent over fiscal 1982 and 264 by the Service declined by 2.7 percent, for a percent over fiscal 1981, the year in which total of 418,859. The Service responded to they were introduced. 24,000 more Member requests for analyses of Third, and most importantly, as congres- public policy issues than the previous year; sional staff have been able to quickly and support of committees' consideration of major efficiently deal with their more general, rou- legislation required 12,211 more CRS staff tine information needs, the CRS reference and hours than in fiscal 1982; and the number of research specialists have been freed to devote projects requiring interdivisional research at- a greater portion of the Service's specialized tention rose by 29.8 percent, reflecting the resources and expertise to the more difficult, increasing complexity of the issues before technical problems facing the Members and Congress. committees of Congress. Indeed, as the sta- The statistics appear to indicate at least tistics show and the following pages describe three very positive benefits to Congress and in detail, Congress relied on the Service in to the Service. First, the improvements insti- fiscal 1983 more than ever before for assis- tuted over the past two or three years in tance with the critical matters of the day, as CRS's "workload management" have been both national and international issues and effective. These include such things as stream- events crowded onto the congressional agenda. lining of the distribytion of background information on major issues, creation of the Informatiw Distribution Centers, and en- AND hancements in the Selective Dissemination of MEMBER COMMITTEE RELATIONS Information (SDI) service. Second, the Service's extensive training Member and Committee Relations (MCR) staff programs also seem to be having an effect. conducted eleven institutes for legislative As congressional staff have become more staff, four for field office staff, and a special knowledgeable about the legislative process program for new administrative assistants, as and the sources of information for performing well as the second annual three-day institute legislative research, they have become better for administrative assistants. The Capitol Hill informed users of the whole array of CRS Information Seminar was offered six times. products and services and are taking in- Attendance at these programs numbered creased advantage of all of the self-services. 1,781. Notably, the attendance at the Capitol This is reflected in the increased numbers of Hill Information Seminars (514) increased 47 direct computer searches of the SCORPIO data percent over that in fiscal 1982 (350), and par- base from terminals in Member and commit- ticipation in the District/State Office program tee offices and of Info Packs, Issue Briefs, and (283) increased by 66 percent over the pre- other background materials retrieved person- vious year (170). ally from CRS reader service facilities. For A special institute on the budget process example, 182,118 Info Packs were distributed, was conducted in February and March. The Congressional Research Service

four morning sessions covered an overview vices for noncongressional visitors. Among the of the federal budget process, making and 1,137 visitors were 771 U.S. government em- enforcing budget decisions, issues in con- ployees and librarians from research, academ- gressional budgeting, and the changing budget ic, state, and local public libraries nationwide. process. The fifth annual Public Policy Issues Special briefings and orientation programs Institute was offered twice during the first were also held for 219 members of foreign two weeks of January. The 810 legislative parliaments and parliamentary librarians, as staff participating represented a 40 percent well as for 147 cabinet-level officials from increase compared with 580 last year. Forty- several nations. four programs were presented, each on a Another aspect of the interchange between different area of congressional interest. the Service and its foreign colleagues is the The Service also offered a broad array of Director's active participation in the Parlia- issue-oriented seminars. Among the topics mentary Libraries Section of the International covered were the unemployment outlook, Federation of Library Associations and Insti- taxes and economic growth, General Agree- tutions (IFLA). At its annual conference, held ment on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotia- in Munich in August, he was elected chairman tions, America's infrastructure, defense, mone- of the section and was also elected to IFLA's tary and fiscal policy, the Clean Air Act, U.S. Professional Board. policies in the East Mediterranean, Central In October a representative from the Na- America peace projects, Social Security tional Federation of State High School Asso- amendments, robots in the workplace, the ciations met with CRS analysts to review and legislative veto, and a series on nuclear power comment on the position papers submitted by issues. A total of 141 Members and 1,976 staff the associations, prior to balloting by debate participated in the sixty-seven seminar events. coaches across the country. In compliance In conjunction with the American Enter- with P.L. 88-246, the Service compiles the ' prise Institute and the Brookings Institution, annual debate manuals. This year's high the Service offered a special orientation pro- school manual, What Changes Are Most gram in January for newly elected Members. Needed in the Procedures Used in the United The thirty-two Members who attended were States Justice System?, was issued as Senate addressed by such experts as Paul Volker, Document No. 98-5. The college manual, Alice Rivlin, Fred Ikle, Herbert Stein, Rudy Should the Producers of Hazardous Waste Be Penner, Barry Bosworth, and John Stein- Legally Responsible for Injuries Caused by the bruner, as well as by CRS analysts and spe- Waste?, was sent to the printer in September, cialists. The conference covered four primary to be published as House Document No. 98-93. areas: the economy, the federal budget, en- In January 1983, the Joint Committee on titlements, and national security. Printing, in its efforts to reduce costs and The MCR staff gave 199 briefings for 4,779 waste in the printing and distribution of con- congressional staff to aid them in effectively gressional documents, considered the possible using CRS resources. The orientation program elimination of printing the college and high for congressional interns was the most suc- school debate manuals. The Service was cessful to date, with 4,390 students participat- asked for and provided cost estimates for the ing. The 3,010 summer interns represented an preparation of each manual and suggestions 11 percent increase over the same period the or comments for future manuals. The commit- previous year. tee decided to continue the publications but In addition, MCR staff conducted over two to reduce the number of copies printed and hundred briefings on CRS's mission and ser- distributed to each Member. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Commencing with the June issue, the CRS INTERAGENCY ACTIVITIES Review was put on sale by the Superintendent of Documents. The domestic annual subscrip- The Service continued to assist its sister tion was set at $23.75; single issues are $3.25. agencies, responding to over four thousand Eleven issues of the Review were published in requests from the General Accounting Office, calendar 1983, with a special issue on the Office of Technology Assessment, and Con- legislative veto published in early November. gressional Budget Office. Cooperative activ- The Review has a circulation of 6,000 copies. ities between the Service and the other three congressional support agencies also continued to expand in fiscal 1983. Dozens of 'meetings, LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS seminars, and workshops were held with the staff of the support agencies covering a wide range of subject areas. Meetings with all four During the past fiscal year, as part of the agency specialists attending were held on the process to arrive at a second collective bar- following topics: hospital cost containment, gaining agreement, signficant steps were taken international economics and finance, trans- by both management and the Congressional portation, agriculture, and reindustrialization. Research Employees Association (CREA) to The four agencies responded to a directive resolve outstanding negotiability claims. of the Legislative Branch Subcommittee of.the These claims, which were raised both by Senate Appropriations Committee by submit- management and by CREA following an ex- ting a consolidated report on February 24, tensive series of collective bargaining ses- -1983, recommending courses of action to en- sions, are currently being considered by the sure that duplication is avoided. The courses Federal Labor Relations Authority, the agency of action initiated or expanded included: * vested with the authority to resolve such disputes. While the parties remain far apart Administrative meetings with representa- on some of the issues which have already tives of the interagency coordinating group been bargained on extensively, management approximately every six weeks to discuss is hopeful that a second collective bargaining coordinating activities generally and to re- agreement will be reached shortly after all of view all major studies newly initiated by the appropriate legal steps have been taken to all four agencies. resolve negotiability claims and the matters at impasse. Requirement that analysts assigned newly Another event of importance in the labor initiated, unusually large projects discuss relations area was marked by the signing in the substantive work with appropriate March of an agreement between management analysts of each of the other .support and CREA regarding the impact and imple- agencies, subject to confidentiality re- mentation of changes in the promotion pro- straints and client approval. cess for analysts and legislative attorneys in the Congressional Research Service. This Increasing the number of subject speciali- agreement resulted in the implementation of zation meetings. new position descriptions for analysts and legislative attorneys, GS-5 to GS-15, and new Examining internal project approval pro- promotion criteria based on the Policy Analy- cedures. sis Grade Evaluation Guide, published by the Office of Personnel Management in 1981. Upgrading systems reporting substantial Congressional Research Service

day-to-day interagency contacts and meet- of the Office of Automated Information Ser- ings of analytical staff and administrators. vices (AIS).This office has three sections: the Information Systems Section, the Issue Briefs Production of a video/slide show for Section, and the Audiovisual and Office Sys- agency staff and congressional audiences, tems Section. AIS personnel are active par- discussing the missions of the four agen- ticipants in groups within the Library and cies and emphasizing the importance of throughout Capitol Hill. effective liaison.

Computer and Computer-Related Services ' INQUIRY STATUS AND INFORMATION SYSTEM The number of congressional and CRS staff trained this year in SCORPIO and other data base systems by the Information Systems During the fiscal year, the Inquiry Status and Section (ISS] increased 17 percent over fiscal Information System (ISIS) took new strides: it 1982 to more than two thousand. This record was transferred to the Office of Research, total was attained with a training group lack- Analysis, and Multidisciplinary Programs; ing one person for three-quarters of the year deadlines were set with the Library's Auto- and with a PLAT0 computer-assisted instruc- mated Systems Office for more-timely receipt tional system staffed less than five months. of management reports each month; refine- While student enrollments increased, so did ments to the reports were initiated; and com- the number of SCORPIO searches performed munication with the divisions was enhanced. by the CRS and congressional audience-up The ISIS clerks input all data from which 12 percent to a total of 261,000. At year's end the official CRS total of completed congres- there were 164 computer terminal stations in sional requests was derived. Of the total CRS and 1,103work stations located in House, requests, 44 percent were from inquiries re- Senate, and other legislative offices, with an ceived by the Inquiry Section and 56 percent average of 21,750 SCORPIO searches made from requests received and completed di- per month. rectly by the divisions, including the informa- The ISS staff also participated in the State/ tion distribution and reference centers. District Institutes and Capitol Hill Informa- tion Seminars, in addition to designing and implementing a new series of "computer lit-. AUTOMATED INFORMATION SERVICES eracy" seminars for congressional administrative assistants. This latter course, entitled Basic Computer Concepts, has proven very Automated information services include on- popular, with each session fully subscribed. line computer information systems, batch Data base specialists in ISS were heavily searching and processing services, systems involved in collaboration with the Library's analysis and programming, statistical analy- Automated Systems Office as primary user sis, computer graphics, word processing sys- representatives in bringing online the new tems, electronic spreadsheets, micrographics, Congressional Record and Bill Digest files in copier technology, communications~and a SCORPIO, as well as the new Terminating variety of audiovisual systems and products. Programs file. In addition, the specialists co- General coordination, as well as consider- ordinated CRS and congressional user re- able operational responsibility. is a function quirements and participated in the design, Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

evaluation, and testing of several major en- scores the potential of manipulating great hancements to the SCORPIO system. Another quantities of numbers by means of refined significant development project by this group sets of computer commands. This task was involved efforts to make the SCORPIO system successful because of a direct investment of easier to learn and use so that first-time and programmer effort. infrequent users can search the system more One serious limitation is that the technical effectively. expertise required for this and similar applica- Since a CRS computer graphics program tions surpasses what can be communicated to was initiated in June 1982, ISS has supported the nontechnical researcher who is only an the divisions 'by providing finished products occasional user. ISS is scrutinizing two alter- as well as training. In the first area, the sec- natives for such a user of computer graphics: tion's computer programmers have utilized developing question-and-answer (menu- available graphics equipment in CRS and the driven) techniques for main-frame facilities, Library's Automated Systems Office to aid and surveying the marketplace for stand- analysts in communicating research results to alone graphics equipment having the menu the Congress. Thirty-seven charts and fifteen function. color slides, for example, were produced in The ISS technical staff also applied com- one month in response to Service-wide re- puter technology to other CRS-wide projects, . quests for these products. The technical staff administered the Service's network of com- has also developed training tools to instruct puter terminal work stations, and managed other CRS staff in applying graphics technol- the use of outside data base systems and ogy to their own needs. services. Graphics training has centered on facilities from the Library's main computer system, to take advantage of large storage capabilities Office Systems and sophisticated computer graphics processing. To place such computing tools in the Word processing operations were expanded to hands of researchers, classes have been con- provide more efficient systems to clerical em- ducted in ROSCOE, SAS, and SAWGRAPH ployees. All CRS word processing systems programming languages, associated special were converted from tape cassette to floppy documentation has been prepared, specialized disc. Requests for additional word processing one-on-one sessions have been held, and a equipment had been postponed since fiscal continuous trouble-shooting service has been 1979. While there was no increase in the num- offered for staffers developing divisional proj- ber of systems available for professionals, ects. software for personal computer applications The most ambitious computer graphics was added to a small number of the existing project during fiscal 1983 demonstrates both systems. The Service is studying personal the capabilities and limitations of the equip- computer applications throughout the department being used by the Service. At mid- ment with a private contractor. summer, teaming with a CRS subject division, Micrographics efforts were primarily direct- ISS developed a set of fifty-four tables on the ed toward expansion of the CRS collections. Library's main frame from a special data base The largest task involves duplication of the created by magnetic tapes procured from five General Accounting Office Legislative History different federal agency sources. The resulting File in a joint effort with GAO and House series of tables, each page containing multiple Information Systems. columns of numbers and abbreviations, under- The need for rush materials and expansion Congressional Research Service

of the SDI system placed additional demands tributed. In conjunction with the divisions, upon CRS copying operations. More efficient the IBS editorial staff published five issues of planning and use of the copiers resulted in a Major Legislation of the Congress. lower cost per copy than in previous years, but the increased volume resulted in a higher total cost. A number of CRS employees are participat- OFFICE OF ASSIGNMENT, REFERENCE, ing in the Library of Congress Optical Disk AND SPECIAL SERVICES Pilot Program. The Service has been investigating the image systems area for five years, and The Office of Assignment, Reference, and there is every indication that the tedhnology Special Services is composed of four adminis- holds strong promise for expediting delivery trative units, all of which respond directly to of information to the Congress. This effort inquiries from congressional offices and two will continue through fiscal 1985. of which also support the day-to-day activities The Audiovisual Unit continues to produce of the other CRS divisions. The four units video programs that are shown over the House shared in the increasing demands made on the Broadcasting System. The staff produced forty- Service this year, and all of the office's statis- six of these programs, of which twenty-six tical indices showed record workloads for were also made available to congressional fiscal 1983. In summary, average response offices as Audiobriefs. The General Account- times decreased, arrearages were kept below ing Office generously provided the use of its previous years, the number of congressional studio. offices served rose, and the number of times these offices placed inquiries increased. The office's achievements reflected not only Major Issues System a high level of professionalism but also the increased use of technology and new refer- The Issue Briefs Section (IBS) edited 226 new ence tools devised by the staff. Some ex- Issue Briefs and placed them in the SCORPIO amples of these innovations are described file. The titles covered a variety of current below. issues and included: Agriculture: The Payment-in-kind (PIK) Program Inquiry Section The Budget Process in Congress: Recent and Proposed Changes The Inquiry Section handled 234,338 congres- Dioxin: Environmental Impacts and Poten- sional requests during fiscal 1983, an increase tial Human Health Effects of 2.1 percent. The section provides the essen- Social Security Financing tial service of interviewing the requester con- The Stability of the International Banking cerning his or her information and research System needs, recording the request, and then assign- START (Strategic Arms Talks) ing the request to the reference or research Supreme Court: Church State Cases, Octo- unit best equipped to answer it. ber 1982 Term. The section's recorders and supervisors sit The online file contained an average of 380 before cathode ray tubes and keyboards as titles, each kept current by analysts in the they compose the queries they have heard CRS research divisions. Approximately 286,- through their telephone headsets. The tele- 000 printed copies of Issue Briefs were dis- phone system itself is a universal call distrib- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

utor which automatically routes each incoming from House offices via the Electronic Mail call to the next available inquiry recorder. If System (EMS), in which queries are typed by all staff are occupied with requests, the call is requesters in their own offices and printed out answered by the machine and held for rout- in the Service. During the past year, the EMS ing when someone becomes available. was switched from a vendor computer to a The full fifteen-position system is now system operated and programmed on the com- equipped with a special phone which allows puter in the House Information Systems Office. the section to record an eleven-second mes- Although the volume of requests placed sage when the building is closed or has been through this medium is not large, it is so con- evacuated because of an emergency. The re- venient for some of the Service's requesters cording advises the requester that the switch- that they communicate with the Service ex- board is closed, announces when the unit is clusively through the EMS. expected to reopen, and permits the caller to The next technological development, to be place a request at that moment. This technol- implemented in fiscal 1984, will provide direct ogy has been particularly useful for coping electronic transmission of inquiries from the with requests from district or state offices Inquiry Section to the specific division that which may not be aware of severe weather in will answer them, thus eliminating the present Washington or some other local emergency. hand delivery. Design and programming for Two additional devices have been added to this new system have been in progress speed communications within the section. Al- throughout the second half of fiscal 1983, in though the staff is located in one room, speed preparation for pilot runs. The Government can be essential when dealing with fast-break- Division and Science Policy Research Division ing events. When a report prepared by the will act as initial test units for the new, faster Service is released to the press by a congres- technique. sional client, the subsequent news articles Improved speed and accuracy do not come trigger a flood of requests for copies. about solely through better technological sup- A dramatic political event also requires that port. The staff remains the core of the opera- the section make special arrangements to tion. The inquiry recorders receive specialized handle the volume of inquiries generated. The training and work experience to develop and supervisors need to get detailed information sharpen their interviewing techniques and to to the inquiry recorders immediately, even add to their knowledge of CRS resources. To though the majority of them will be engaged this end, the section has continued a program in ongoing dialogues with congressional of training rotations with the Congressional clients. To accomplish this, the section ac- Reference, Library. Services, and American quired a moving message machine similar to Law Divisions. Each rotation lasts for one the traditional "Times Square news bulletin" month, and, as a rule, each recorder will work lights. An illuminated board, suspended from in one of the library divisions and the Ameri- the ceiling over the supervisor's head, can be can Law Division each year. programmed to display important messages to every staff member in the room without breaking into their congressional conversations. Congressional Reference Division When the announcement is of a more confidential nature, the section uses the Inquiry The Congressional Reference Division an- Status and Information System (ISIS) to com- swered 270,000 congressional inquiries during municate between terminals within the office. the year, exceeding the highest levels pre- The section continues to receive requests viously attained for requests in eleven out of CongressionaI Research Service

the twelve months. The division moved these Changes in the Library's online book paging 'inquiries more quickly and with lower arrear- system made it possible for the Jefferson Con- ages than in any previous year. Much of this gressional Reading Room (JCRR) to page record was achieved by developing more pre- books electronically for the first time. This cise formats and innovative means for re- will save many staff and reader trips to the sponding to requests. Main Reading Room to put in call slips, and A new form of Reference Brief was intro- the JCRR can serve congressional offices more duced to reduce the number of words and promptly because they can now direct books sharpen the information transmitted, and a electronically to be delivered in the Madison revised, illustrated brochure was published to Congressional Reading Room, when that is inform Members and their staffs of the services more convenient for the user. available in .the reference centers and reading Two microfiche projects were begun, one rooms. The popular recorded brief of key eco- of annual reports of the Fortune 500 corpora- nomic indicators was enhanced with an audio- tions and the other of publications of the visual presentation so Members and staff various groups that rate Members of Congress could not only hear the latest statistics but on their voting records. The annual reports also see a graphic representation of them. for 1979 and 1980 have been microfiched and The Info Pack program continued to gain in work is proceeding on those for 1981 and 2982. popularity, with 182,118 requests in fiscal The work and products of the division 1983, compared to 141,409 the previous year. change daily to reflect world events and the During March 1983 alone, 19,381 were re- focus of Congress's interests.. For example, on quested. The number of active Info Packs is an issue such as Central America, the division held constant at roughly 150 topics. The five played a dual role, both creating and distribut- most frequently requested during the period ing CRS products. The three Info Packs on re- were those on the Congress, the budget pro- lated topics-the Caribbean Basin Initiative, cess, El Salvador, the AT&T divestiture, and El Salvador, and Nicaragua-existed before Nicaragua. the military activities in the area, but all were To meet the constant demand for informa- substantially revised as events warranted. tion, quotations, and speech material for the Additionally, the division began a Reference various national and ethnic holidays during Brief, "Central America-News Summary," a the year, the division prepared standardized chronology of events and related articles from packets on some twenty-five days to be cele- the New York Times and the Washington Post. brated. These holiday packets can be stocked When the Kissinger omm mission was ap- for repeated use and updated annually with pointed, the division quickly put together a speeches from the previous year. Additionally, packet containing articles about the commis- work was started on editing the Quotation sion and its duties and members, together File in the Madison Congressional Reading with biographical sketches of the participants. Room. For over fifty years, members of the These items were combined with two bibliog- CRS staff have accumulated hard-to-find quo- raphies from the Library Services Division, tations in a central archive retained in the and the packet was made available to congres- reading room. The file has grown to over sional staff through the various reference cen- five thousand cards and constitutes one of the ters and reading rooms. most complete indexes to political, historical, and literary quotations in the country. To Library Services Division make it both more useful and more accurate, it is being reverified throughout. The Library Services Division similarly de- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

vised new products and tools to speed up The January 1983 issue of the Subject Cata- turnaround time. Over ninety-one new biblio- log of CRS Reports in Print listed 987 reports graphic products were developed covering a in 224 pages as compared to 927 reports in 203 wide range of topics. pages of the previous catalog. The midyear A major step in product development was supplement appeared in the September Up- the division's successful effort to merge all date with 137 reports listed. In May, the divi- the various product listings in the CRS Update sion produced a cumulative issue of CRS under standardized subject headings as a Studies in the Public Domain covering the more effective'way of making CRS products period from December 1982 to May 1983. known to congressional requesters. Beginning The SDI service continues to be one of the with the June issue, the previously separate most popular of Library Services' programs listings of CRS products were consolidated. for the Congress. The number of congres- Special reports and typed reports selected sional subscribers rose to an all-time high of by the divisions also began appearing in the 538, plus 355 CRS departmental subscribers, June Update as the white paper numbered ser- compared to 448 congressional and 321 CRS ies. These reports are being listed to give subscribers in fiscal 1982. them greater exposure to congressional clien- The substantial increase in the number of tele. Library Services is responsible for congressional offices using the service may-be assigning numbers to the white papers, in- attributed to the SDI workshops, which were cluding them in Update, microfiching them, reformatted to encourage greater interaction and filling requests for copies. between congressional staff and the SDI The Service has been responsible for many bibliographers. A slide presentation was de- years for the creation of the two annual con- veloped, with the assistance of the Office of gressional documents on the national debate Member and Committee Relations, which illus- topics. Library Services' share in this task in- trates congressional utilization of the alerting volved an improved format with a newly con- service and communicates the efforts made to figured research guide: an initial section obtain the materials, process them, and pro- describing general reference tools and indexes vide the full text of items appearing in the and providing search terms and a second de- SDI. scribing specialized reference sources. The workshops are held in the division. A new pamphlet, entitled SDI Service, was Congressional attendees enjoy a continental . designed to introduce the service to congres- breakfast and the opportunity to talk infor- sional staff and to communicate basic infor- mally with the bibliographic staff before the mation that subscribers need to know to use workshop. The slide show is presented to the Selective Dissemination of Information small groups, and display stations describing system effectively. A new orientation pam- the services are set up to assist in the overall phlet, Library Services Division: Mission, Or- presentation. The bibliographers are then ganization, Activities, Products, was also pro- available for individual consultations on set- duced to replace one prepared in the mid- ting up the SDI profile. 1970s. The latter pamphlet provides concise The SDI printouts acquired a new look information about the division and is handed when the production unit began mailing them out to new CRS staff members and visitors. in clear plastic bags, with the address section The Congressional Documents Unit intro- clearly delineated by a double box of asterisks. duced its first newsletter for CRS staff, de- According to several congressional subscrib- scribing the unit's collections and newest ers, the new packaging makes the product acquisitions. stand out from the rest of their mail, and Congressional Research Service

consequently the SDI receives earlier circula- areas involved implementation of a new auto- tion in the congressional office. mated system for managing serials. At the In the fullest version of the bibliographic close of the fiscal year, the division began data base, there are 350,000 records, with checking in periodicals and documents using 22,694 entries and some new categories of the LINX serials management system, oper- materials included this year. Selected transla- ated by the F. W. Faxon Company, which re- tions from the Language Services Section places OCLC and SEROUT, an auxiliary serial made their appearance in February. Once a file the division found necessary to set up on month, Language Services makes a preliminary the Lexitrons. Thus far LINX has decreased selection of items to consider for citing, docu- turnaround time for checking in serials, with menting as far as possible the source of each little or no downtime on the system. It has translation and, if needed, preparing an anno- been readily accepted by both serials staff and tation. The Library Services staff then takes CRS staff in general. over the review and selection process. There Automation improvements allowed for have been five to ten citations per month. In overnight updating of the Legislative Indexing May the unit also began to cite articles which Vocabulary Term File (LIVT) to be available appear in the CRS Review. Copies of the cited to all users of the file the next day. In the articles are placed in the Main Reference Files. past, that updated information was only The division experienced some problems in available internally, and the "inversion of the acquisitions during the year. The Library's file" was processed only on weekends. As receipt of government documents was severely new terms are approved, a special effort is curtailed due to an unforseen change in the made to have a bibliographic entry with the law. The Service expanded its profile in the term in the data base to aid users of the on- GPO Depository Library Program, made heavi- line vocabulary. er use of its deposit account with GPO, and To enhance user awareness of LIV terms, a arranged for weekly pickup of materials ob- number of lists of terms in areas such as retained by using this account. Canvassing of ad search, the aged, and women were compiled hoc committees and offices to establish or re- and distributed. For the federal budget, a establish informal arrangements for receipt of sheet on how to retrieve information using publications on a regular basis was also in- LIV terms and other access points was pre- creased. pared. There was major expansion in the use of Division managers participated in several the Main Files as fast-breaking developments Library-wide projects, including the Library's in world news occurred. Photocopies were Optical Disk Pilot Program, a study group on made of clippings and articles on these events desktop computers, and a group evaluating from five major newspapers and sent to the automated serials systems for the Library. reference centers, reading rooms, appropriate subject division analysts, and Congressional Language Services Section Reference Division teams. Additionally, a new file arrangement was developed which Language Services, with a staff of four trans- should decrease filing time and be helpful to lators, a supervisor, and a secretary, re- users of the Main Reference Files. sponded to nineteen hundred requests for The division has embraced a number of translations, research, and copies of previously technological developments to improve its translated publications during fiscal 1983. products and the acquisition and control of Approximately three thousand pages of single- research materials. One of the most promising spaced documents were provided; 75 percent Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

of the translations were from Spanish, French, nutrition; bicentennials of the Constitution and German. and the Congress; civil rights; education; Like other units that employ translators, energy; executive organization; foresight; Language Services is now looking at the vari- housing; information resources, technology, ous types of equipment that could facilitate and policy; international economic policy; and coordinate work being done. All of the oceans; retirement income programs and is- staff attended demonstrations and orientation sues; taxation; and women's issues. sessions on the use of a word processor and Numerous interdivisional team meetings, , terminology bank that would enable transla- seminars, and workshops were held in fiscal tors to store words that are particularly diffi- 1983 on a wide range of subjects. Many of cult to translate. The word processing equip- these were attended by staff from the other ment includes a foreign language keyboard congressional support agencies as well as con- and will even print documents in Russian and gressional staff. These team activities were Japanese. Since several companies are provid- designed to provide a forum for hearing the ing demonstration sessions and each company views of experts both in government and from is constantly updating its technology, the the private sector, thus keeping staff informed section also held meetings with other agencies of recent developments in their shared areas and organizations to discuss the relative of interest. merits of the equipment. More studies of automated technology in the field of translating will be made in the coming year to assess its Major Research Projects relevance to the CRS mission. As noted above, Language Services has also In fiscal 1983 the CRS staff completed 796 begun to make use of equipment already in major research projects, a 1per~entdecrease the Library by working with the Library from fiscal 1982, when CRS completed 804 Services Division in order to list translations in major projects. Of those completed in 1983, the SDI so that interested congressional offices 29 percent were interdivisional. and CRS staff can make use of work already The subject and policy reports which are done in the section, Translations of current statutorily mandated to be submitted to all interest that have appeared in the press are committee chairmen at the beginning of each now being listed on a regular basis. new Congress were prepared by teams of analysts from all divisions working together and were well received by the committees. RESEARCH SERVICES Another interdivisional/interdisciplinary effort, which has proven to be a valuable resource to the Congress is a continuously Interdivisional Teams updated Issue Brief, "Selected Emerging Leg- islative Issues." - CRS interdivisional teams are designed to bring together persons from all units of the External Research Service who have different professional skills and a mutual interest in subject areas which are being considered by the Congress. This The needs of the Congress for wide-ranging fiscal year there were interdivisional teams on and technical research have continued to the following: appropriations, authorizations, require that the Service occasionally draw on and budget processes; agriculture, food, and outside sources to respond fully to requests. Congressional Research Service

Through its contracting authority, the Service Union, and East-West commercial relations. has available a spectrum of resources from Interdivisional studies involving major sen- the private and academic research communi- ior specialist participation focused on entitle- ties that could not be retained economically ment programs, government retirement, Soviet on a permanent staff basis. This ability to space programs, inflation and recession in the draw on outside expertise for both quick re- U.S. economy, information and computer sponse and longer term projects greatly usage, the Ribicoff-Pearson study of the U.S. enhances the capacity of the Service to meet Senate, domestic housing, energy demand and congressional needs. conservation, and the legislative veto (e.g., the The Service let 136 contracts in fiscal 1983 Supreme Court's Chadha case). for assistance in carrying out seventy-seven Senior specialist lawyers provided advice- projects for the Congress, at an average cost usually on a confidential basis-on a wide of $8,138.95. range of constitutional issues, including elec- As in previous years, contract efforts re- tion laws, foreign tax and commercial laws, flected major congressional public policy con- and treaties. Many Members and committees cerns. Assistance was obtained in the prepara- were assisted in their meetings with foreign tion of studies on such policy issues as re- officials and specialists through briefings, structuring of the civil service retirement background papers, and other types of assis- system, East-West commercial relations, struc- tance provided by the senior specialists. tural unemployment, comprehensive employ- The periodic efforts of the Congress to im- ment policy in the health sector, land re- prove its functioning in procedures and rules, sources conservation, agricultural applications in handling the budgetary process, and in of genetic research, the economy of Eastern reacting to Executive and Supreme Court Europe, and financial decision-making pro- rulings all drew heavily on senior specialists . cesses of the legislative bodies of selected associated with the Government Division. European parliamentary democracies. The Senate's Ribicoff-Pearson study and the Executive's Grace Commission are recent examples. Senior Specialists' Activities Senior specialists assisted committees, Members, and staff in maintaining effective Senior specialists provided major analyses; relations with the broader technical commu- led interdisciplinary and interdivisional teams; nity. Some periodic meetings were arranged advised and consulted with Members of Con- with outside specialists in government finance gress, committees, and staff; briefed and trav- and taxation, energy policy, and election laws. eled with fact-finding delegations to foreign Workshops, briefings, and meetings were also countries; assisted the Senate in its reorgani- held to discuss in-depth issues tied to the zation initiatives; and provided a bridge for congressional calendar on choices of weapons the Congress with the broader professional systems, such as the MX, and decisions con- community. cerning U.S. support of the International Major studies were completed on the qual- Monetary Fund (IMF). ity of U.S. education, the Soviet-American military balance, materials supply and de- American Law Division mand, inflation, energy power rates, nuclear proliferation, the implications of Supreme Court decisions for legislation, arms negotia- The American Law Division provides the tions and diplomatic relations with the Soviet committees and Members of Congress with Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

legal assistance in the performance of their companies and private foundations, and mod- legislative and representative functions. Dur- ifications in bankruptcy law. The section also ing fiscal 1983 the division also afforded sup- analyzed a host of issues arising out of federal port for other CRS divisions, continued regulation of the banking industry. preparation of the decennial revision of the Congress Section attorneys dealt with re- Constitution of the United States-Analysis quests for analysis and consultation associ- and Interpretation (the Constitution Anno- ated with the Soviet downing of a Korean tated), participated in the presentation of leg- airliner, confrontations between Congress and islative institutes and seminars, published and the Administration over congressional access maintained the Digest of Public General Bills to information, and congressional investiga- and Resolutions, and assisted in the preparations into the 1980 presidential debates as tion of several congressional publications. well as the altering of congressional docu- The division made extensive use of para- ments, political action committee activities, legal assistants, including several temporary and conflict-of-interest questions. However, employees utilized during periods marked by the Supreme Court's decision in INS v. particularly high congressional demand. Sec- Chadha generated more requests than any tion heads continued the practice of cross- other matter. In addition to general assess- sectional assignment and review in order to ments of the opinion and its impact, section adjust to the shifting interests of Congress and . attorneys devoted considerable effort to anal- to ensure the most effective use of the divi- ysis of the continued validity to a wide range sion's resources. Contributions of the divi- of statutory provisions associated with legis- 'sion's expanded special assignment unit and lative vetoes. associated senior specialists enabled the di- The Courts Section attorneys provided as- vision to furnish in-depth, authoritative assist- sistance in assessing criminal laws bearing on ance on rapidly changing issues. allegations of misappropriation of the Carter During fiscal 1983, initiatives in the area of debate briefing books during the 1980 presi- regulatory reform and congressional concerns dential debates. The section also met requests over presidential appointments to various for assistance on questions arising from con- agencies' regulatory and advisory positions gressional treatment of school prayer. Admin- generated considerable demand for analysis istration and judicial activities concerning the in the Administrative Law Section. Judicial tax-exempt status of schools which engaged decisions and proposals for congressional re- in racial discrimination and concerning tax sponses, involving the legislative veto, the credits for educational expenses also gen- jurisdiction and constitutional status of bank- erated a considerable number of requests. ruptcy courts, and video taping of copyrighted The Bill Digest Section indexed and contin- performances stimulated substantial interest. ually tracked every bill, resolution, or amend- The aftermath of AT&T divestiture, proposed ment introduced in Congress as it proceeded constitutional amendments on abortion, sun- through the legislative process, with the full dry public land law questions, and the possi- text of all public laws included in the Bill ble sexually discriminatory impact of various Digest file in SCORPIO. The section also insurance practices also accounted for a sig- reviewed all public laws and prepared infor- nificant portion of the section's efforts. mation on all programs and activities sched- Among the topics analyzed by attorneys of uled to terminate in the 98th Congress. This the Commercial Law Section were the effect information, sent at the beginning of each of a proposed federal products liability law on session to the congressional committee with existing state law, tax treatment of insurance jurisdiction over the program or activity, is Congressional Research Service

also now available for the first time in an on- The Housing and Transportation Section line computerized data base in SCORPIO. prepared a housing reader that was published as a committee print of the House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. The Economics Division section also tracked the mortgage subsidy bond extension and proposed alternatives; the Congressional activity in economic policy omnibus housing authorization and appropria- issues continued to be substantial in fiscal tion legislation; Federal Housing Administra- 1983. The Economics Division responded to tion insurance extenders; use of individual over 14,600 requests, more than 5,300 requir- retirement accounts for housing purchase or ing a response within twenty-four hours. mortgage retirement; extension of exemption Nearly 1,000 original written analyses and 1-75 and codifications of regulations of the Secu- major projects were completed, 90 involving rities and Exchange Commission affecting substantial interdivisionallinteragency coordi- privately issued, publicly sold, mortgage- nation. The division also provided personal backed securities; trusts for investment in briefings, consultations, and expert testimony mortgages legislation; and revisions to the at hearings, as requested by Members, and Federal National Mortgage Association and presented thirty-two seminars and workshops. Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation A series of reports by the Business/Gbvern- Charter Acts. ment Relations Section on corporate govern- Other work included an explanation of fac- ance and the role of the board of directors tors to consider in refinancing a high-rate explored the evolving business relationship to mortgage loan, the concept of shared housing social and political change, a theme which as an alternative for the elderly, and revision was also considered in a survey of bankruptcy of A Reference Guide to Banking and Finance, and business failure developments. The published by the House Banking Committee. changing role of financial intermediaries and Transportation issues included the intense issues in the regulation of futures and options efforts of the trucking industry to modify the trading in securities markets and policy re- highway user charges on large trucks, in- sponses to economic recession and recovery creases in the user fees for navigation on the were analyzed. The section also responded to inland waterways, proposals to initiate fees a broad range of requests dealing with various and charges for the commercial use of ports, industrial policy proposals. intermodal ownership of transportation com- Interest in the communications. industry panies, large increases in railroad rates on was dominated by issues surrounding the primary commodities, the wholesale cancella- breakup of American Telephone and Tele- tion of through routes and joint rates by rail- graph. The section provided hearings assist- roads since deregulation, and the question of ance, a glossary of telecommunications terms, total deregulation of the interstate trucking and reports on the Bell System pension fund, industry. the deregulation of broadcasting, cable televi- The Industry Analysis and Finance Section sion, and National Public Radio. completed reports on the iron and steel indus- Other work dealt with business-related tries, particularly the ferroalloy industry, activities of a number of government agencies inter-industry linkages in steel, and the chang- and inquiries regarding gambling, the postal ing composition of U.S. steel-making capacity service, minority business enterprise, busi- as well as mergers, diversification, moderniza- ness investment, corporate mergers, and a - . tion, and the effect of imports on the industry. variety of consumer issues. The automobile industry's recovery from Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

the recession and whether foreign automakers A number of papers focused on such spe- should be required to include a certain per- cific proposals to ease unemployment as centage of American content in their vehicles emergency jobs legislation, the possibility of sold here were also studied, and reports were a subminimum wage for teenagers, employ- written on such energy policy issues as West- ment subsidy proposals, and legislation to ern vulnerability to a disruption of Persian regulate plant closings and provide worker Gulf oil supplies, the effect of natural gas de- relocation assistance. Papers were also pro- control on farming costs and income, indus- duced on productivity gain-sharing programs, trial energy use, and the financing of electric equal pay for equal work, employment of utilities. Insurance issues included gender- older workers, and the potential impact of neutral insurance, liability issues; protection deregulation on industrial homeworkers. from floods and other disasters, and insurance Two reports for committee hearings on pos- aspects of compensation for asbestos disease sible union corruption examined provisions of victims. Reports were written on the eco- union constitutions, while others looked at nomic impact of growth in the semiconductor collective bargaining for retired union mem- industry and differential impacts of defense bers and the use of compulsory union dues for versus nondefense spending. Work is continu- political purposes. Reports examining labor ing on industrial policies in major advanced issues on a state-by-state or region-by-region nations. basis viewed the needs for infrastructure re- The International Section's work on trade building, the location of high-tech businesses, policy issues included a contribution to a regional shifts in steel production, and the committee print that provided a broad over- effectiveness of federal vs. state Occupational view of Congress's role in foreign trade policy Safety and Health Administration enforce- and analyses of legislation on trade reciproc- ment. ity, trade reorganization, export controls, for- The Money, Banking, and Quantitative eign trade zones, trade adjustment assistance, Analysis Section covered developments in the and Buy-American policies. Other important financial services industry in a new Issue projects focused on Congress's consideration Brief on financial deregulation, reports on of an increase in the U.S. contribution to the specific aspects of the evolving financial sys- International Monetary Fund and the related tem, and a new edition of A Reference Guide questions of international. debt problems and to Banking and Finance prepared for the the stability of the international banking sys- House Committee on Banking, Finance, and tem. Other aspects of international finance Urban Affairs. were analyzed in more general studies on With the use of econometric models, major trade and financial flows between the United reports examined the role of money supply States and the rest of the world, the Euro- growth in promoting economic recovery and dollar market, the offshore banking market, the appropriate mix of fiscal and monetary and implications of a decline in oil prices for policy needed to generate a healthier eco- international banking. nomic environment. Other reports looked at The majority of issues addressed by the the effects of rescinding the third phase of the Labor Section related to unemployment and personal income tax cut and discussed the jobs recovery, which typically lags behind macroeconomic consequences of different that of output. Papers tracked the depth and strategies intended to reduce the size of the breadth of unemployment, and three sessions federal government's budget deficit. of the monthly Labor Roundtable seminar Major reports of the Taxation and Govern- considered unemployment and its remedies. ment Finance Section included the role of Congressional Research Service

budget deficits in the recession and recovery throughout the year. More than eighty-five and the implications for interest rates, Major thousand of the division's Issue Briefs were reports covered the distributional implica- distributed in fiscal 1983, compared to seventy- tions of indexing the individual income tax eight thousand in fiscal.1982. and eliminating the third year cut in individ- The Income Maintenance Section helped ual income tax rates. The effects of tax de- committees of jurisdiction with legislation to preciation changes and increased deficits on deal with the money crisis in Social Security, the allocation of capital and output were ex- refinance the Railroad Retirement System, and amined, as were a host of other tax issues. extend federal supplemental compensation for Major studies on government finance in- the unemployed. The section wrote a large cluded an assessment of the federal budget part of a major interdivisional paper on fi- for fiscal 1984, proposals to extend and amend nancing work-related entitlement programs, general revenue sharing, payments in lieu of and analysts began a major paper on design- taxes on federal property, federal coal leasing ing a supplementary retirement system for policy, the economic effects of exchanging new federal employees. state-local tax deductions for grants, a bal- Other reports included analytical sum- anced budget amendment, the first concurrent maries of changes made in the programs of budget resolution, state and local income and Aid to Families with Dependent Children, property tax burdens, state severance taxes, Supplemental Security Income, child support revenue sharing, and federal credit assistance. enforcement, and unemployment insurance. Section members conducted briefings on Detailed reports were also prepared on sev- subjects ranging from overviews of upcoming eral aspects of Social Security, including the issues to the economic effects of tax deprecia- new provision for taxing benefits. Analysts tion on the allocation of investment and conducted briefings, participated in seminars, testified at congressional hearings on the tax and helped write committee prints, markup aspects of an alternative financing proposal documents, and background reports. Maior for the Clinch River breeder reactor and on committee prints included background books the tax treatment of oil and gas extraction. on the Civil Service Retirement System and They also prepared a committee print on-the problems in disability programs. economic effects of limiting state-local tax Education Section analysts were kept busy deductibility in exchange for increased rev- providing summaries and analyses of numer- enue sharing and participated in the hearings ous major reports on the condition of public on this issue. elementary and secondary education. Other topics included proposals to reduce funds for federal education programs, to provide tuition Education and Public Welfare Division tax credits and education savings accounts, and to extend and substantially amend the bi- The Education and Public Welfare Division's lingual education and education of the handi- work continued to be dominated by the capped programs. budget and various program financing issues. The section also analyzed legislation to ex- The division responded to almost twenty tend the authorization for consolidation of thousand inquiries and completed 134 major federal student loans and to establish new projects, plus an additional 84 interdivisional federal programs to aid science and mathe- major projects. Fifty new Issue Briefs were matics education, as well as several attempts prepared, and an active file of seventy-eight to change the allocation formula for the pro- Issue Briefs, on the average, was maintained gram of aid for the education of disadvan- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

taged children, expansion of the authorization and Control Act, preparing bill comparisons for the impact aid program, and technical and background papers and drafting sections amendments to the Education Consolidation of committee reports. It also provided assis- and Improvement Act of 1981. tance on reauthorizing the refugee resettlement The Health Section assisted Congress in its program through fiscal 1985. consideration of health care cost containment, The addition of four new analysts allowed Medicare financing, home health care, a Medi- the Methodology Section to keep pace with care hospice benefit, the Federal Employees the rapidly increasing demand for quantitative Health Benefits Program, and proposals to assistance. New computer equipment added foster competition in the health care market- to the capabilities of the section, particularly place. Substantial assistance was provided to in the areas of computer graphics and large- the Committees on Ways and Means and scale computer modeling. A large computer Finance during their consideration of the pro- graphics project--"I984 Budget Perspectives: spective payment provision for inpatient hos- Federal Spending for the Human Resource pital services under Medicare contained in the Programsw-was completed by the section. It Social Security Amendments of 1983. Ana- is based on over 150 computer-generated fig- lysts also assisted the Committees on Energy ures and tables that portray the President's and Commerce, Finance, and Labor and Hu- 1984 budget plan in the context of the past man Resources as they considered proposals twenty years. concerning health care benefits for unem- Computer modeling skills were increased ployed workers and contributed to the prep- in the areas of actuarial pension analysis and aration of bill reports on smoking and health microsimulation of income transfer programs. and on consumer health information. A good portion of the section's time was de- The Social Services Section assisted author- voted to budget issues, retirement security izing and appropriations committees by pre- program analysis, the impact of the Omnibus paring background information, options, and Budget Rec~nciliationAct, and jobs bills. other technical assistance in connection with Analysis of formula grant options for pro- their legislative activities related to the grams covered by the division also has con- budget. Analysts worked closely with various tinued as an important part of the section's committees in the formulation of legislation workload. related to the commodity food donation programs and options for retraining dislocated workers. A report was also prepared on home- Environment and Natural Resources Policy less persons, Division Other issues included community-based long-term care for the elderly, rights of se- Congress turned its attention to a number of verely handicapped newborns, and deinstitu- controversial issues in the natural resources tionalization of the mentally retarded. Staff and environment areas. The Environment and provided assistance to two newly formed Natural Resources Policy Division responded caucuses and one new committee on children with a wide range of services, from briefings and family issues and to committees involved for Members and committees to seminars, in the reauthorization of the Vocational Re- workshops, audiovisual programs, reports, habilitation Act and the expansion of child Issue Briefs, definition of emerging issues, and nutrition programs. individual Member responses. Overview Issue The Immigration Section provided exten- Briefs providing comprehensive coverage of sive assistance on the Immigration Reform key legislative concerns have been prepared Congressional Research Service

by each of the division's four sections. background reader for 1983,Should Producers The Food and Agriculture Section focused on of Hazardous Waste Be Legally Responsible for the depressed farm economy and the concern Injuries Caused by the Waste? in Congress about the plight of farmers. Sec- The Fuels and Minerals Section was most tion staff presented a CRS television program heavily involved in issues concerning the Nat- entitled "Crisis in the Farm Economy" and ural Gas Policy Act revision, providing nu- prepared a report on farm failures and an merous briefings, a seminar, white papers, an Issue Brief on legislation to provide relief to Issue Brief, and hearings assistance. In an- farmers with loan repayment problems. other important area, committee prints, re- Trade issues were a key concern and in- ports, and Issue Briefs were prepared on acid volved the detailing of a staff member to work rain, focusing on technology and policies on the Senate Agriculture Committee staff, Is- needed to mitigate its effects. sue Briefs on export legislation and unfair trade The section also coordinated an interdivi- practice, and reports on the Long-Term Grain sional project and produced a congressional Agreement between the USSR and the United TV program on the effects of declining oil States and bartering surplus agricultural prod- prices, issued a briefing paper on the world ucts for strategic materials. Other important oil situation, contributed to the interdivisional issues treated by the section included the study of Western vulnerability to a disruption payment-in-kind (PIK) and milk price support of Persian Gulf oil supplies, and conducted a programs, food safety, marketing order con- workshop on energy alternatives for U.S. cerns, elevator bankruptcy, and tobacco price territories in the Pacific and the Caribbean. support issues. The economics of small-scale nuclear power The Environmental Protection Section dealt plants, nuclear waste disposal, nuclear licens- with budget issues relating to EPA funding ing reform proposals, the Strategic Petroleum levels and state grant programs. Concern over Reserve, and energy emergency planning were controversies at the Environmental Protection subjects for assistance, as were coal leasing Agency and the policy of the Administration policy and coal export issues. expressed by EPA generated high demand as The Oceans and Natural Resources Section Congress faced the tasks of assessing the dealt with energy leasing on public lands, par- agency's policies and the appointment of a ticularly in the wilderness areas, and prepared successor to EPA Administrator Anne Gorsuch numerous analyses on the economic impact of Burford. The section assisted with Senate designating specific areas. Other key issues confimation hearings on William D. Ruckels- that were the subject of briefings and reports haus and issued a report entitled "The Envi- were leasing on the Outer Continental Shelf, ronmental Protection Agency: An Analysis forestry management and economic relief for of its Controversies." the timber industry, overall natural resource . The section assisted committees dealing policy, federal land sales, water resources, with reauthorizations of the Clean Water Act, and fisheries. the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Additionally, a section analyst was cen- the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Federal trally involved in legislation to establish a Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, new commission to review federal recreation and the Clean Air Act. Other important issues policies, participating in the conceptual design included infrastructure repair and construc- of the bill, setting up hearings, carrying out tion, groundwater contamination, and water Member briefings, drafting statements, and resource projects. The section also prepared assisting during markup as the bill passed the the statutorily required intercollegiate debate Senate. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division Africa region. One report analyzed South African reform proposals and U.S. policy, Events of the past year generated intense de- while another covered two South African re- mand for assistance from the Foreign Affairs ports on issues affecting black workers in that and National Defense Division. Major con- country. gressional concerns over the size and compo- The AsiaILatin America Section's work sition of the defense budget were displaced, continued to reflect basic differences in the as the year evolved, by reaction to conflicts nature and intensity of congressional concerns over Lebanon, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and the in Asia and Latin America. A new and timely Soviet downing of a Korean airliner. Two Issue Brief concerning El Salvador and policy notable projects were a series of studies on issues for the 98th Congress was activated Congress and Foreign Policy for the House in mid-February. The El Salvador section of Foreign Affairs Committee and the major inter- Congress and Foreign Policy, an annual pub- divisional study of Western' vulnerability to a lication of the House Foreign Affairs Commit- disruption of Persian Gulf oil supplies. tee authored by the division, was of such A major portion of the Europe, Middle East, relevance to ongoing concerns that, at the and Africa Section's work dealt with the war request of the committee chairman, it was in Lebanon and the host of complex questions distributed to the press box during President relative to the use of the War Powers Resolu- Reagan's April 27 address to a joint session tion in that situation. The war between Iran of the Congress on the situation in the region. and Iraq, with its potential impact on the The section also produced an Issue Brief on Persian Gulf, was another area of special con- the controversial proposal for government- cern following the Iranian threat to close the funded radio broadcasting to Cuba ("Radio Gulf. The section responded to numerous Marti") and recast an existing Issue Brief on questions concerning the new strains in Nicaragua to focus on the issue of cbvert U.S. U.S.-Israeli relations, the negotiations for support to anti-Sandinista groups in Hon- an Israeli-Lebanon withdrawal agreement, duras and Costa Rica. changes in Israel's government, and economic The Latin American analysts held a stimu- problems. Specific initiatives for an Arab- lating and well-attended briefing for Members Israeli peace settlement were dealt with in and staff providing insights into the internal policy papers and an Issue Brief. situation in Nicaragua and the prospects of a Other work included a report on political regional effort to achieve a negotiated settle- transitions taking place within Germany, pub- ment to the strife in the area, based upon lished as an appendix to a hearing, and a firsthand observations gained in visits to series of point papers on U.S. force levels in Mexico and five Central American countries. Europe and the limitations set by Congress The Asia team completed reports on future thereto. Issue Briefs were prepared on Euro- Sino-Soviet relations and their implications pean opposition to the deployment of inter- for the United States, Chinese nuclear weap- mediate-range nuclear force (INF) missiles, ons, political and economic developments in U.S.-Soviet relations, and the shooting down Taiwan, and the U.S. interests and options of a Korean airliner. Additionally, the section concerning the future of Hong Kong, as well served as coordinating point for preparation as an Issue Brief on the Asian drug trade. of a well-received briefing book for a con- Team members also produced background gressional delegation to the Soviet Union. papers for congressional delegations, includ- South Africa and Namibia continued to be ing major missions to the Soviet Union by the the main focus of congressional interest in the House Foreign Affairs and Senate Foreign Re- Congressional Research Service

lations Committees. Asia team contributions Issues in the Military Retirement System" to included papers on the East Asia military bal- a Senate Budget Committee print and pro- ance, Sino-Soviet relations, Japan, Southwest duced a report on the U.S. Army's ongoing Asia, and Afghanistan. efforts to improve unit cohesion and person- Products developed by the Defense Policy nel stability. and Arms Control Section included Issue A formal briefing on the Defense Produc- Briefs and fact sheets on a number of major tion Act was given to the Economic Stabiliza- nuclear, conventional, and chemical warfare ' tion Subcommittee of the House Banking weapon systems; a comparison of NATO and Committee, and reports on cost overruns in Warsaw Pact shipbuilding programs; an anal- major weapon systems and DoD contracting ysis of shipbuilding requirements in achieving were produced. Section staff also assisted the a six-hundred-ship Navy; and a report on the House Banking Committee in planning and maritime roles of land-based aircraft. conducting hearings on reviving the defense The section provided extensive support to contract renegotiation process which expired the chairman and staff of the House Armed in the late 1970s. Services Subcommittee on Military Personnel Controversy surrounding the Reagan Ad- and Compensation to prepare them for a series ministration's policies in the fields of interna- of hearings exploring alternative defense tional communications and public diplomacy strategies that could significantly lighten the resulted in the preparation of an Issue Brief U.S. defense burden. on Project Democracy and the National En- One of the most crucial national defense dowment for Democracy and a committee debates in recent years involved whether to print for the Senate Foreign Relations Com- build the MX and how to base it. An already mittee on the Asia Foundation. complex issue was further confounded when The 'International Organizations, Develop- MX deployment was linked to a more flexible ment, and Security Section was especially START negotiating stance on the part of the busy with foreign aid and development issues, Administration, as well as development of a international organization affairs, and the small ICBM. The section prepared a number South Korean airliner incident. Staff prepared of products related to these issues. Singularly a Mini-brief and conducted a Member seminar noteworthy was work on strategic arms re- on the Internatianal Monetary Fund, produced duction options performed by a section ana- an assessment of the total resources available lyst. In the course of events, these analytical to international financial institutions, and products became a significant contribution to dealt with proposals to privatize the World the negotiations between the Administration Bank. and Congress that produced a new U.S. Other significant work included preparation START proposal. of memoranda and draft statements for the The Manpower, Budgets, and Policy Man- congressional delegation to the Inter-Parlia- agement Section prepared several Issue Briefs mentary Union meetings in Helsinki and and a report on the fiscal 1984 defense budget Seoul and revision of an earlier overview of and produced a series 'of thirty-five weapon U.S. human rights legislation as well as a com- systems fact sheets providing summary cost pilation of international human rights docu- and performance data on major systems in all ments cited as particularly useful by the functional areas of defense. Section staff also House Foreign Affairs Committee. The section held a workshop on how the Department of also developed an Issue Brief on export ad- Defense budgets for inflation. Analysts con- ministration and export control to respond to tributed the chapter "Cost and Benefit requests on these topics. ~epor'tof The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Government Division aspects of the Potomac River Basin. Project research by analysts on special assignment The Government Division responded to al- have included studies on the successful pro- most 11,000 requests during fiscal 1983. Of posal to establish the birthday of Martin these, 192 were major projects, 105 of them Luther King, Jr., as a federal holiday and interdivisional. Of the major projects for aspects of the history of the New Deal and committees, 79 were completed and 36 were New Frontier. in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The Congressional Organization and Opera- Specialists and analysts of the division served tions Section analyzed proposals to reform as the core staff for the Service's Basic, Ad- the management, housing, and educational vanced, and Graduate Legislative Institutes facilities for pages and assisted House and and contributed significantly to DistrictIState Senate committees considering legislation to Institutes. reauthorize the Office of Government Ethics Members of the division also participated, and inquiring into allegations concerning at times together with other CRS divisions, in improper presidential campaign activities. the preparation of eight half-hour video brief- Section staff completed histories of two ings for broadcast on the House cable system congressional committees and prepared exten- and continued to provide assistance to the sive analyses of questions relating to com- - Office of Personnel Management's Govern- mittee jurisdiction, staffing, and assignment ment Affairs Institute seminar series as well procedure. as other seminars to upper level executive Members of the Civil Rights Section pre- officials on congressional operations and pro- pared reports on federal protection of equal cedures. In addition, division members have employment opportunity in the private sector, briefed visiting foreign delegations on con- proposed Department of Labor affirmative ac- gressional and executive branch organization tion requirements in employment, Indian and operations. affairs legislation, and legislative issues of The Administrative and Special Assignment particular importance to women. Others dealt Section has been significantly occupied with with the political status and constitutional congressional examination of the management development of U.S. insular territories, con- problem associated with government enter- troversies regarding congressional chaplains, prises, reorganization proposals and proce- and the role of silent prayer in different dures in the federal government, proposals to religions. create a new Department of Trade, recom- Section members contributed to a commit- mendations of the Study Group on Senate tee print on Hispanics in the United States Practices and Procedures for the Senate Rules and wrote Issue Briefs on proposed amend- and Administration Committee, and the legis- ments to the Fair Housing Act and extension lative veto issue after the Supreme Court of the Civil Rights Commission. They pro- decision on its invalidity. Significant analyti- vided consultations on immigration reform, cal assistance was also provided to the Task nondiscrimination in employment, D.C. state- Force on the Budget Process of the House hood, territorial issues, Japanese-Americans, Rules Committee. the Catholic Bishop's pastoral statement on In cooperation with the senior specialist on nuclear arms, congressional ethics, and the the Congress, extensive research and staffing histories of certain Indian tribes. support was provided the Speaker's Commis- The Executive Organization and Adminis- sion on Congressional Pages. In addition, tration Section prepared studies on crime substantial assistance was given on various rates, juvenile delinquency, gun control legis- Congressional Research Service

lation, illicit drug traffic, domestic terrorism, nial Issue Brief on congressional elections, victim compensation, sentencing reform, and prepared a report on the "youth vote," and the prison population. Committees were assist- studied proposed approaches to increasing ed on such topics as regulating firearms, nar- voter turnout. cotics abuse, professional boxing, and the use Another area monitored by the section was of information technology for emergency the delegate selection process leading to the management. Other requests concerned gov- major party conventions. A delegate selection ernmental management of information, avail- overview was prepared and regularly up- ability of television networks to the President, dated, and work was begun on a study of the access to congressional media galleries, and 1984 delegate selection procedures of the the regulation of broadcasting. major parties. The Government Operations, Urban Policy, Inquiries about informal legislative groups and Intergovernmental Relations Section's resulted in a number of reports and memo- analysts provided assistance on such matters randa examining factors to be considered in as public buildings policy, commercialization forming new groups. The section also pro- of government activities, emergency prepared- duced historical studies on centennial and ness of the Washington, D.C., area, selected bicentennial subjects, the West Front exten- HUD programs, and judicial reform issues. A sion issue, federal holidays and other com- section specialist coordinated a two-day sym- memorations, and an overview of major posium, involving several CRS divisions and legislation and treaties since 1789. outside experts, on the interrelationship of The Survey Research, Public Opinion, and agriculture, business, industry, and govern- Federal Statistical Policy Section organized ment in the rural economy. and helped conduct a conference on the na- The Legislative Process Section provided tion's need for statistical data, focusing on support to the Task Force on the Budget plans for the 1990 census. More than a hun- Process, participated in a detailed analysis of dred experts participated in this seminar the recommendations of the Study Group on which resulted in the publication of a com- Senate Practices and Procedures, and pro- mittee print. The section provided hearings vided support to committee examination of assistance on the results of the 1980 census lobbying disclosure requirements and re- and what the data reflected about Hispanics visions to an OMB circular on political activi- and analyses of survey and statistical data be- ties of federal grantees and contractors. ing used for legislation. Section analysts also Another important facet of the section's assisted Members in their polling efforts arid work was the preparation of analytical re- critiqued survey research results that were ports and consultations with Members and contentious in the course of political debate. senior staff on legislative procedure. The section also participated in a special seminar on Science Policy Research Division the federal budget process. The Political Institutions and Processes A 'major portion of the Science Policy Re- Section responded to numerous questions of search Division's requests continued to come immediate concern to inquirers and prepared from congressional committees, resulting in two lengthy analytical reports on reappor- extensive hearings assistance and other tail- tionment and redistricting. Many requests ored committee support work and a number were also answered in the areas of election of major studies prepared to meet a variety of administration, voter behavior, and campaign client needs. Major products included more financing. The section also produced the bien- than twenty major committee prints as well Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

as several dozen new CRS reports, Issue In addition, a concerted effort was made Briefs, seminars, and workshops, in addition this year to expand activity in the transporta- to hundreds of memoranda. In response to the tion technology area. This effort resulted in multidisciplinary nature of many requests, several reports on auto safety and related continued attention has been devoted to ex- topics of congressional interest. panding the division's ability to address prob- Issues in the areas of energy research and lems at the broadest levels and maintaining technology policies continued to dominate the an extensive involvement in interdivisional work of the Geosciences, Materials, and In- projects. dustrial Technology Section. Major committee Among the activities of the Energy, Aero- support activities in energy policy resulted in space, and Transportation Technology SeEtion seminars on the U.S. Synfuels Corporation were seminars on nuclear power plant safety, and national synfuels policy, the proceedings energy planning in the U.S. insular areas, and of which were prepared as a committee print. industrial energy conservation as factor in A seminar was conducted on the transporta- advancing U.S. competitiveness and production of nuclear materials, and highlights of a tivity. Section members participated in the seminar on oil and gas exploration were pub- preparation of a multiauthor study on alter- lished. Other major studies on energy in- native energy technology and policy and a cluded a "Handbook on Alternative Energy committee print on the potential of conserva- Technology Development and Policy" and tion and alternative energy sources to displace studies on Mexican petroleum and Middle conventional utility power plant construction East petroleum. during the next twenty years. Additionally, the section contributed to a Committee assistance was also provided committee print on electric utility capacity in summarizing hearings on national energy planning, an Office of Technology Assessment conservation planning and on the export report on natural gas in the lower forty-eight potential of renewable energy and energy states, a committee-sponsored conference on conservation equipment. Reports prepared to energy planning in U.S. insular areas, and a assist Congress in its deliberations on nuclear Videobrief on natural gas transmission regula- energy dealt with nuclear reactor safety, con- tion. Support for committee hearings on off- tinuation of the Clinch River Breeder Re- shore oil and gas leasing and development actor project, and U.S. needs for additional and oversight of the National Synfuels Cor- uranium enrichment capacity. poration was also provided. Work in the space area centered on military Major materials-related support included the space programs, the proposed sale of land and preparation of a committee print on strategies weather satellites to the private sector, and for coping with critical issues related to engi- space commercialization generally. In the neering materials and minerals, addressed in broad area of space policy, work was com- the Seventh Biennial Conference on National pleted on a comprehensive two-volume study, Materials Policy, and reports on materials- "U.S. Civilian Space Programs," which com- related legislation and materials availability. plements three others coordinated by the sec- Major committee support in the geosciences tion: "Soviet Space Programs" @repared at included assistance for hearings and the bill five-year intervals), "World-Wide Space Ac- report on the National Oceanic and Atmos- tivities" (1977), and "Space Activities of the pheric Administration authorization: hearings United States, Soviet Union, and Other assistance and background on Hurricane Launching CountriesIOrganizations" [pre- Alicia; assistance in the preparation of legis- pared annually). lation and hearings on federal organization of Congressional Research Service

ocean affairs and an ocean policy study com- and development funding and new Issue mission; a study on carbon dioxide, climate, Briefs on federal funding for behavioral and and the greenhouse effect, prepared as a com- social sciences research and federal funding mittee print; and a new Issue Brief on federal for research and development for fiscal 1984. support for ocean and coastal programs. Substantial hearings support was provided A particular area of activity for the Life along with a background paper on government Sciences Section this year was the extent of policy for industrial innovations and high federal research support for two disease cate- technology development. In the area of U.S. gories: Alzheimer's disease and the newly science and engineering education and man- discovered Acquired Immune Deficiency Syn- power, a committee print provided back- drome [AIDS). Issue Briefs were prepared on ground on supply and demand as well as com- Alzheimer's disease and AIDS, as well as on parisons of U.S. performance with that of environmental and potential human health foreign nations. effects of dioxin, health and safety issues of The topics of computers, telecommunica- ionizing and nonionizing radiation, problems tions, and information policy received in- associated with infant formula, indoor air creased attention. Contributions were made quality and the health impacts of energy con- to several committee documents, including servation, and Agent Orange and its possible those on the U.S. civilian space programs, health-related effects. new technology in the American workplace, Committee reports were produced on the and future opportunities and problems that Biomedical Research Training and Medical face the nation. A committee print on inter- Library Assistance Amendments of 1983, the national telecommunications and information scientific basis of EPA's carcinogenic risk as- policies was also produced. sessment of formaldehyde, and the health Other major committee support included effects of cotton dust exposure. The section several briefing books for hearings on infor- also contributed to an OTA document on mation technology and education and on neuroscience research and supported both the robotics, as well as the preparation of a report House and Senate appropriations hearings on on the potential of information technology to the National Institutes of Health programs aid elderly persons. In the area of computer and budget. and telecommunications security, the section The Policy, Information, and Behavioral provided reports on national concerns relating Sciences Section prepared committee prints on to computer security and computer security the National Science Board, funding for the management in the federal government. The National Science Foundation, and the impact section also prepared a new Issue Brief on of national security considerations on science supercomputers and participated in an inter- and technology. Other products included a divisional effort to prepare a glossary of tele- report on U.S. civilian and defense research communications terms for congressional use. Processing Services underwent several per- tutions to create standardized and nondupli- sonnel changes in 1983 which in turn led to a cative name authority records consistent with series of organizational adjustments. In De- the Library of Congress machine-readable file. cember 1982 Joseph H. Howard, the Assistant Processing Services staff worked with the Librarian for Processing Services, was asked American Library Association to explain LC's to serve as Acting Director of the National principles and procedures for name author- Agricultural Library, a position which he held ities and subject headings. Four regional au- until his appointment as Director in July 1983. thorities institutes were sponsored by the Henriette D. Avram, the director for process- ALA Resources and Technical Services Divi- ing systems, networks, and automation plan- sion, its Council of Regional Groups, and the ning, and Lucia J. Rather, the director for Library of Congress during the year. These cataloging, alternated as Acting Assistant Li- institutes provide participants with both basic brarian through the remainder of the fiscal and in-depth information on the creation, year. maintenance, and machine-content designa- Frank M. McGowan retired as director for tion of authority records. Four Library of acquisitions and overseas operations in De- Congress staff members served as part of the cember 1982 after nearly seventeen years of faculty for each of the institutes, which were service to the Library of Congress. His accom- held in New Orleans (December 1-3), New plishments in the areas of cooperative acquisi- York (March 21-23), St. Louis (May 5-71, and tions programs and communication with the Albuquerque (September 21-23). Five subject library and information community are par- heading institutes, sponsored by the Re- ticularly noteworthy. The chiefs of the Cata- sources and Technical Services Division of loging in Publication, Exchange and Gift, ALA, were held in Chicago, Los Angeles, San Order, and Overseas Operations Divisions Antonio, Washington, D.C., and Boston. The served as acting director on a rotating basis. objectives were to offer participants an oppor- Susan M. Tarr was named departmental exec- tunity to gain a better understanding of LC utive officer in April 1983. subject headings, to learn to use them more The department as a whole was involved in effectively, to become familiar with the impact a series of far-reaching endeavors in fiscal of AACR 2 on subject headings, to learn to 1983. The implementation of Total Online interpret and apply subject headings, and to Searching for C,ataloging Activities (TOSCA), be introduced to the current status of and described later in this chapter, positively af- future plans for automation of subjects and fected not only the cataloging operations subject authority records. within the Library of Congress but also the The cooperation of LC with the Research cooperative programs by which the Library of Libraries Group toward the development of a Congress and a selected group of libraries and machine-readable data base of Chinese, Japa- information institutions work together to pro- nese, and Korean library materials which can vide a standardized machine-readable biblio- be accessed by vernacular characters or by graphic and authority data base of use both romanized data elements is a major undertak- nationally and internationally. The TOSCA ing of national significance. The project (called procedures are used by LC and selected insti- RLG/CJK at LC), described in more detail later Processing Services

in this chapter, brings together the biblio- abroad, the success of acquisitions records graphic expertise of the Library of Congress entered in LC's internal in-process machine- and the major East Asian library members of readable file in reducing duplicative recom- the Research Libraries Information Network mendations and receipts, the slight increase to build a national data base while sharing the noted in U.S. trade titles being published, and cost of bibliographic record creation. a substantial rise in the value of gift items A major change in the distribution of biblio- received, graphic data occurred in fiscal 1983 when the National Union Catalog, a comprehensive collection of the nation's bibliographic records, Purchases changed from a book-catalog to a computer- output-microform format. The new microfiche The average cost of current foreign books in- publications continue the union catalogs is- creased less than 1 percent while the value of sued annually by LC over the past two dec- the U.S. dollar remained strong compared to ades. The change in format is discussed more foreign currencies throughout the year. Total fully later in this chapter. receipts of current books purchased on both the GENPAC and Law appropriations increased this year by 4 percent to 96,260. Cur- ACQUISITIONS AND OVERSEAS rent monographs purchased from all funds in OPERATIONS fiscal 1983 numbered 120,171; total pieces purchased rose by 86,403 (a 7.4 percent increase). Special ordering activities substantially in- The retirement of Frank McGowan, director creased this fiscal year. More regular orders for acquisitions and overseas operations since were placed in 1983 largely because more 1976, ended a notable era in cooperative ac- authorized funds were available for noncur- quisitions at the Library of Congress and with rent materials. Out-of-print sources provided the library community. A vacancy in the posi- 360 replacement copies for volumes missing tion of assistant to the director was filled from the collections. To improve bibliographic part-time by the Processing Services technical control of subscription orders, it was decided officer. to convert standing orders for three thousand The last issue of LC Acquisitions Trends monographic series titles (previously supplied was published in 1982. Since 1977 it had in- on blanket order) to separate subscription cluded reports on LC's foreign acquisitions orders. Over eight hundred,Italian, Swedish, activities, accounts by LC staff on acquisitions Danish, Austrian, and German monographic travel abroad, and notes on trends and condi- series titles were converted to subscription tions in publishing and book distribution. orders in 1983. A new allotment was estab- Such information will now be supplied by LC lished for subscription orders for ninety-two for publication in various area studies asso- serial titles needed for the Library's Optical ciations' newsletters; some of the data will Disk Pilot Project. The change in subscription also be reported in the Library of Congress order processing and the extra subscriptions Information Bulletin. helped to increase the number of subscription Among the noteworthy trends in LC acqui- orders placed. sitions during fiscal 1983 are the continuing Of the bids placed for 233 items at fifty-one strength of the U.S. dollar abroad, the minimal auctions, 170 were successful. In the previous rise in the cost of foreign library materials, a year 115 out of 172 bids at fifty auctions were decline in the volume of scholarly publications successful. Expenditures from the Librarian's Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Special Reserve Fund totaled $47,770 for the or when they are received, the Order Division purchase of a glass positive plate of Alexander was able to identify duplicates of materials Gardner's photograph of Abraham Lincoln, a received through other acquisitions sources seventeenth-century map of America by and return them to the dealers. Jodocus Hondius, the first edition (1693) of A number of changes were made in sub- Coronelli's Libro dei GIobi, and a survey of scriptions during the year. The number of property signed by George Washington in active subscriptions to Chinese serials in- 1750. creased. The Law Library conducted an inten- Blanket order activities also increased this sive review of legal subscriptions, and as a year. The number of titles recommended for result the number of subscription orders was acquisition rose for the first time since 1978, reduced by 13.7 percent. The Japanese sub- the last year that the National Program for scription list was updated and claims were Acquisitions and Cataloging was fully opera- initiated for outstanding issues. Subscription tional. The number of LC recommendations costs now constitute 49.4 percent of the total that year was 28,498, and additional outside expenditures for library materials ;the average recommendations brought the total for 1978 to cost per title was $79.71, up from $73.44 last nearly 60,000. In fiscal 1983 the number of year. titles recommended was 24,936 (a 15 percent The Order Division implemented provisions increase over the fiscal 1982 level of 21,668). of the Prompt Payment Act in April 1983. The Effective cooperation between the Collections law requires that invoices for materials or Development Office (reviewing recommenda- services received by government agencies be tions), the Shared Cataloging Division (input- paid within thirty days of receipt and accepting acquisitions records into the automated tance of the goods or services, unless another in-process file), and the Blanket Order Section period is agreed upon. Purchase orders issued (processing the orders) resulted in a 21 per- by the Order Division now include a sfate- cent increase in the number of titles ordered ment that payments in U.S. dollars will be (from 9,616 in 1982 to 11,604 in 1983). At the made within ninety days. end of the fiscal year, a new blanket order dealer for Greece was selected. Several adjustments were made in the blanket order specifi- Special Foreign Acquisitions cations for Chinese materials to reduce the acquisition of duplicative materials from sev- Inflation rates were high in most of the coun- eral sources. tries in which LC has field offices. Devalua- In fiscal 1983 there were 15,866 regular or- tions occurred in Brazil, Kenya, and Indonesia. ders, 3,462 subscription orders, and 11,604 With the continued strength of the U.S.dollar blanket orders placed. The number of titles abroad, combined with efforts to economize received (through the Clearing Section of the in the field offices, the division finished the Order Division) increased from 102,551 in fis- year with savings. In the Washington office, cal 1982 to 104,242 in fiscal 1983. While there the position of assistant chief was filled was a slight decrease in dealer selections dur- through rotation of James Armstrong from ing the year, a corresponding increase in LC his position as field director in the Nairobi selections on blanket orders raised the level office. A new position of program officer was of receipts. Because an increasing number of approved to develop and coordinate special monographic titles handled by the Order Divi- programs and projects affecting the overseas sion are input into the Automated Process offices' activities. Information File (APIF) as they are requested In India the U.S. rupee balances have de- Processing Services

clined considerably, and LC is actively in- Bombay, and Calcutta. The exhibit was jointly volved with other federal agencies in evaluat- organized by the United States Information ing suitable alernatives for conserving and Agency and the field office. The Librarian of managing the remaining balance. In anticipa- Congress and Mrs. Boorstin visited Thailand in tion of the exhaustion of rupees for the Spe- October 1982, meeting with members of the cial Foreign Currency Program in India, the royal family, officials of the Royal Thai gov- New Delhi office has intensified efforts to ernment, scholars, and librarians. economize its operations for the thirty-three The Karachi field office acquired 17 percent participants (including LC). Implementation of more pieces in fiscal 1983, despite a 30 per- the results of surveys allowing program par- cent inflation rate in Pakistan, The majority of ticipants to indicate whether particular mono- the publications were Pakistani, but materials graphic titles were to be acquired led to from Afghanistan and Iran were acquired as approximately $84,000 in savings through well, in spite of increasing difficulties with elimination of unwanted titles. The New Delhi acquisitions from those countries. There were office, the staff in Overseas Operations Divi- 29 participants in the regular Pakistan pro- sion, and representatives from institutions gram this year and 224 in the English-language participating in the South Asian program have program. Acquisitions trips to previously un- begun working together to formulate a subject visited areas, an intensified search for book profile which will allow more individual selec- reviews and other printed sources of ma- tions of materials for the participating institu- terials, and the appointment of representatives tions (with continued broad coverage for LC) in Peshawar and Quetta led to significant in- while maintaining the efficiency of technical creases in title and piece acquisitions. services routines in the field office. Eunice Gupta, field director in Karachi, Acquisitions from New Delhi declined from served as principal acting field director in the the 1982 level of 496,575 pieces to 491,088 in Nairobi office during the absence of James 1983. The office acquired twenty-two mono- Armstrong; Ruth Thomas was appointed as- graphic titles and forty-one serial titles for the sistant field director for bibliographic services 277 participants in the English Language Pro- in April. Acquisition trips to nine of the six- gram. Through the services of a local musicol- teen countries covered by the office (Tanzania, ogist, the office was able to offer over 170 Ethiopia, Sudan, Djibouti, Somalia, Seychelles, sound recordings to participants. Mauritius, Reunion, and Madagascar) helped An additional microfiche camera, installed to raise Nairobi's acquisition of pieces by 4 in March 1983, led to a 33 percent increase in percent (from 21,132 in fiscal 1982 to 21,926 microfiche production by the New Delhi office, in 1983). The number of participants remained which is responsible for fiching materials from at five (including LC). A new local contract the Middle East, the Maldives, South Asia, and representative in Tanzania was engaged at the Southeast Asia. Microfilm production rose 12 end of the fiscal year. percent. New filming projects this year in- The Cairo office acquired monographic cluded Arabic newspaper titles from the Cairo titles at a higher-than-anticipated rate this office and retrospective Persian and Indo- year. By July this was nearly 40 percent over nesian newspaper titles. that of fiscal 1982 and was out of proportion The New Delhi office celebrated its twen- to the budgeted contribution of some of the tieth anniversary with a photographic exhibit, libraries participating in the Middle East Co- "Books Make a Difference: Twenty Years of operative Acquisitions Program (MECAP). By the Library of Congress Through Indian the end of the fiscal year, this rate was down Eyes," which was displayed in New Delhi, to a more modest 12 percent increase (for a Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

total of 28,322 monographic items for LC and ited a 25 to 40 percent growth rate. Lygia participants) for the year. The fiscal 1983 Ballantyne, the Library's representative in the piece count was 133,280, a figure 7.6 percent Brazil office, worked in LC in Washington on lower than the 144,217 for 1982. The office consultations during a private visit in May staff worked with the Overseas Operations and June. Division to review and adapt accounting pro- The Tokyo office, headed by Motoki Anami, cedures for MECAP and the Arabic Reading had a productive year. The office sent slightly Collection Program. fewer titles and pieces to the Library of Con- The University of Heidelberg and the Brit- gress this fiscal year while entertaining a ish Library joined MECAP this year; Arabic variety of working visitors. The Librarian of Reading Collection Program participants Congress and Mrs. Boorstin visited the office dropped to thirteen. The Cairo office acquired in October 1982. Other visitors from LC in- six phonodiscs of Moroccan music and a cluded Hisao Matsumoto, head of the Japanese dozen cassettes of Yemeni and Bahraini folk- Section and the Tokyo office's first field direc- songs for the Library of Congress. Michael tor, Ayako Hayashi (Shared Cataloging Divi- Albin, field director in Cairo, visited LC in sion), and Warren Tsuneishi (Director for August and held an all-day briefing with Area Studies). MECAP participants. Major software development was com- Although the Jakarta office experienced a pleted and testing begun on the Terak micro- 25 percent staff turnover in fiscal 1983, the computer equipment which will be used in the number of pieces acquired by the office for LC Overseas Data Entry Project. The first phase and the twelve participants was nearly the of the project will initiate input of machine- same as in fiscal 1982 (99,567 pieces for all readable bibliographic data in the New Delhi participants, as compared to 99,569 last year). office; the records will be shipped to LC and The number of pieces acquired for LC rose made available for searching and/or further from 23,442 to 26,754, an increase of 14 per- cataloging activities. cent. The National Agricultural Library and the National Library of Medicine became full members of the Southeast Asian program. ' Exchanges Cooperative efforts with Ohio Universitv and the university of California at ~erkeli~are The law governing the supply of U.S. govern- strengthening the selection of Malaysian and ment publications for use by the Library in Singapore fiction for the participants. international exchange was revised at the The Rio de Janeiro office underwent a func- end of fiscal 1982; to respond to the changes tional reorganization to consolidate acquisi- mandated by the revised law, significant re- tions activities and instituted a special project ductions were made in the number of copies to cover ,Brazilian states not visited by the needed within LC, and a major review of staff during the year. The Brazil office ac- the exchange arrangements resulted in ad- quired slightly fewer pieces this year (32,775 justments in LC's sendings where unequal as compared to 33,199 in 1982). However, the receipts were determined. Ninety percent of office brought a backlog of cataloging com- the U.S. government publications supplied pletely current and expanded the coverage of for international exchanges are in micro- the Accessions List: Brazil to include phono- fiche. The Exchange and Gift Division nego- records, music scores, and maps. Despite a tiated an agreement with the Government 250 percent devaluation of ,the cruzeiro over Printing Office to receive a complete set of U.S. the year, the Brazilian publishing trade exhib- government documents in microfiche in ex- Processing Services

change for taking on the responsibility of gifts received this fiscal year are papers of fulfilling claims for missing items or issues. Archibald MacLeish, Robert Taft, Senator By the end of the fiscal year, no claims had Daniel Patrick Moynihan, the NAACP,and the yet been generated. The majority of the ex- American Sociological Association. Among the change partners receiving the microfiche sets music manuscripts received were compositions have indicated their acceptance of the format, by Ernest Bloch, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, in part because it mitigates their shelving and and George Gershwin. The Library also re- preservation problems. ceived a 14-karat gold flute and a collection The number of pieces received on exchange of press books from Leonard Bernstein. A declined somewhat in nearly every category large collection of photographs and negatives this year. The phenomenal sendings from the was received from the U.S. News and World National Library of China dropped by nearly Report archives, and the Pepsi Cola Com- 3,500 pieces (16,988 pieces as compared to pany donated tapes of its most memorable 20,439 last year). Receipts from international commercials. exchanges dropped by nearly 13 percent (from 114,000 pieces in 1982 to 99,000 pieces in 1983), but receipts from international organizations Documents rose' 10 percent. Titles requested on exchange from the USSR were input to the Automated Receipts of state documents from state agen- Process Information File for the first time in cies and by transfer from federal agencies 1983. This led to a significant reduction in the declined in 1983, possibly because of reduc- number of duplicates acquired from the tions in state publishing programs linked to USSR. The Hispanic Acquisitions Section was the lower level of .federal funds supporting assigned exchange responsibility for the such programs. LC was named a depository of English-speaking Caribbean. Receipts from all Maryland state documents, raising the num- the Latin American and Caribbean countries ber of states which have a designated central were stable, even those from the trouble spots document source to forty-five. More state in Central America. A new blanket order documents were received in microformat this dealer in Venezuela was responsible for a 500 year. The Monthly Checklist of State Publica- percent rise in acquisitions from that country tions averaged 2,415 entries per issue, as com- in a six-month period. pared to 2,538 in 1982. By the end of the fiscal year, participating Gifts institutions in the Documents Expediting Project numbered 127 (six libraries joined during the year). The project distributed Quality rather than quantity was emphasized C.I.A. Reference Aids to 347 subscribers, a in fiscal 1983. The value of appraised items decline of 62 from the previous year. The was well over two million dollars, but the project shipped 2,404 titles in 283,275 pieces number of single gifts declined, probably re- to member libraries, but fewer titles were flecting general economic conditions and the available from the federal agencies for dis- effects of the current tax law. The Gift Section tribution. Project staff were assigned the re- in Exchange and Gift Division was actively sponsibility for overseas shipmen& for involved in determining the availability for congressional offices during this year. In one copying of two-dimensional visual materials, eight-week period, 948 packages of congres- maps, and manuscripts for the Library's Opti- sional publications were shipped to foreign cal Disk Pilot Program. Among the noteworthy requesters. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Cataloging in Publication month intervals after a publisher's proposed publication date resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of books forwarded by The number of new Cataloging in Publication publishers. Of the 17,623 claims made in fiscal (CIP) entries prepared for the 2,114 participat- 1983, nearly 350 titles were canceled and not ing publishers exceeded thirty thousand for published; the CIP Division was notified that the first time, increasing 5 percent over the the publication date was delayed for nearly previous fiscal year. The figure may reflect a 3,700 titles. At the end of the fiscal year, the recovery in the book industry, which showed CIP Division asked the R. R. Bowker Com- a decline in sales of hardbound publications pany to search their Books in Print data base in 1982. The majority of publishers' requests to 'determine the status of approximately 9,100 for CIP data were not accompanied by the full CIP titles which were outstanding from the book text in prepublication galleys. Although inception of the CIP Program in 1971 in order 80 percent of the receipts included only front to institute claims for those titles still in print. matter, 99.1 percent of CIP cataloging could During this fiscal year, records for 15,659 be completed without requesting additional preassigned LC card numbers were input into information from the publishers. For the third APIF. The proportion of books which had consecutive year, 7 percent of the titles re- been preassigned card numbers and subse- ceiving CIP data are reprints. A total of 31,971 quently not selected for LC's collections de- titles were received through the CIP program clined from 14 to 8 percent. in fiscal 1983. Only 11 percent of the titles submitted for CIP data took longer than ten days for processing turnaround; the average title completed the processing cycle in 6.7 CATALOGING days. The number of changes to CIP data reported by participating publishers nearly doubled in Descriptive Cataloging 1983, from 6,870 to 13,518. Changes were made to 22 percent of titles receiving CIP The cataloging staff made noteworthy ad- data, the most frequently reported changes in- vances in both productivity and overall pro- volving the date of publication, title, and duction in fiscal 1983. The number of fully International Standard Bibliographic Number. cataloged titles which completed the entire The rise in reported changes is welcome, since cataloging process during the year was it indicates an increased awareness on the 159,498, an 8 percent increase over the 147,734 part of publishers that prepublication changes for 1982. The number of fully cataloged titles may affect the cataloging record. The CIP which completed the descriptive cataloging Division presented CIP Publishers Workshops stage (in the Descriptive Cataloging, Serial in Washington, D.C., Seattle, Los Angeles, San Record, Shared Cataloging, Special Materials Francisco, and Boston. These seminars im- Cataloging, and Geography and Map Divi- prove relations with publishers, explain the sions) dropped 4 percent, from 176,871 to functions and procedures of the CIP program, 169,406. This slight decline reflects a greater explore the usefulness of CIP cataloging in workload in the creation of accompanying the library community, and result in a more name records. This year 102,253 new name accurate CIP bibliographic record through the authority records were created, a 13 percent increased cooperation of the publishers. increase over the 90,714 records for fiscal 1982. A regular system of claiming books that The planning efforts of the previous year re- have not been received at three- and six- sulted in the successful implementation of Processing Services

Total Online Searching for Cataloging Activ- ity to handle vernacular characters in these ities (TOSCA) in the summer of 1983. The languages, the availability of full bibliographic new procedures were documented liberally by records in the MARC data base had not yet the Office for Descriptive Cataloging Policy, been achieved. In the summer of 1983, the whose staff members also taught classes that JACKPHYIMARC procedures were imple- introduced the new routines and documenta- mented. This new -program provided for a tion to the cataloging staff. The implementa- full bibliographic record in complete roman- tion of TOSCA permits the majority of the ization to be input as machine-readable rec- cataloging staff to rely on the Library's auto- ords to the MARC data base. The final com- mated files rather than the manual card cata- plete bibliographic record is available both logs in the preparation of bibliographic records in romanized form (for use in the MARC and their accompanying name and series Distribution Service, for inclusion in the authority records. TOSCA simplified the cata- National Union Catalog, and for searching in logers' routines and has been a major con- the Library's automated bibliographic files) tributing factor to the modest increase in and in the usual mixed vernacular and roman- catalogers' productivity in the Descriptive ized printed card (for use in card catalogs). Cataloging, Shared Cataloging, Special Ma- By the end of the fiscal year, the Descriptive terials Cataloging, and Serial Record Divisions. and Shared Cataloging Divisions had pro- The MARC Editorial Division incorporated duced 5,910 JACKPHYIMARC records. changes in work routines with the implemen- Although overall cataloging production in- tation of TOSCA. The catalogers' complete creased in fiscal 1983, descriptive cataloging reliance on the online data bases makes it production decreased by nearly 7 percent in critical that new authority records and the Descriptive Cataloging Division (from changes to book or authority records appear 81,473 titles in fiscal 1982 to 75,917 in fiscal quickly in the MARC data base. Staff in the 19831, increased by 2 percent in the Shared division began in August 1982 to input an Cataloging Division (from 68,150 titles in 1982 Early Notice Record (a brief MARC authority to 67,567 in 1983), increased by 7 percent in record) twice a day. Changes to book or the Special Materials Cataloging Division authority records are signaled in the MARC (from 11,715 titles in 1982 to 12,519 in 1983), data base by the input of "change messages" and decreased by nearly 2 percent in the which are followed by the actual change after Serial Record Division [from 8,917 titles in the review process. Before the implementation 1982 to 8,753 in 1983). The primary cause of of TOSCA, the MARC Editorial Division con- the decline in production was an increase in centrated on cleaning up the data base with the assignment to cataloging staff of tasks corrections to 1,600 COMARC records, uni- which do not result in the cataloging of li- form title changes in over 50,000 book rec- brary materials, Such tasks included train- ords, and changes to the AACR 2 form of ing in new procedures and routines (such as heading for 6,074 name authority records. searching the automated data base, TOSCA, During the early planning stages for JACKPHYIMARC, etc.), participating in ac- TOSCA, it was evident that records in the tivities 'of the cooperative cataloging pro- JACKPHY (Japanese, Arabic, Chinese, Korean, grams, serving as faculty for the joint LC1 Persian, Hebrew, and Yiddish) languages ALA name authority institutes, and providing posed complicated problems. Since these assistance because of language expertise to languages continue to be cataloged in the referrals from congressional offices and oth'er vernacular script, and since the Library's auto- federal agencies. Despite the small decline in mated data base did not yet have the capabil- production, the cataloging sections generally Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

were able to keep current with the highest the Library's holdings of pre-1600 Western priority materials. manuscripts was completed this fiscal year. The preliminary cataloging units of the de- The Audiovisual Section (in the Special scriptive cataloging divisions worked hard to Materials Cataloging Division) resumed re- control the large volumes of receipts. The sponsibility for the cataloging of materials Preparatory Cataloging Section (in the Shared described on data sheets by the National Cataloging Division) was formed at the be- Audiovisual Center. This responsibility had ginning of the fiscal year, and a large propor- been assumed in 1981 by the Government tion of its time was taken in hiring new staff Printing Office cataloging operations. The sec- and in teaching and learning new procedures tion exchanged catalogers with the Decimal and tasks. The Preliminary Cataloging Section Classification Division for three months for (in the Descriptive Cataloging Division) was the purpose of cross-training in the applica- responsible for monitoring the quality of tion of the Dewey decimal classification nearly eight thousand minimal-level cataloging scheme. records created by contractors for LC and of In December 1982, the 1981 volume of Na- minimal-level cataloging records of the Micro- tional Union Catalog of Manuscript Collec- form Reading Room and Preservation Micro- tions and its accompanying index for 1980-81 filming Office. (covering 1,963 collections held by 43 repos- In line with the increased reliance on LC's itories) were issued. Editing was completed field offices for preparation of preliminary- for the 1982 volume, which will cover 2,139 level catalog records, an arrearage of approxi- collections held by 109 repositories. Catalog- mately sixteen hundred Persian titles was ing for the 798 collections in the 1983 volume shipped to the Karachi field office. The pre- was completed following the provisions of the liminary cataloging output of the field offices newly issued guide entitled Archives, Per- is routinely monitored to ensure their effective sonal Papers, and Manuscripts. use, and suggestions and comments are routed Music catalogers were occupied this fiscal to the field offices. In September the prelimi- year with the development of a major revision nary records of the New Delhi field office of period subdivisions assigned after music began to incorporate subject annotations pro- subject headings, with guidelines on the depth vided by the field office as a general note. This of analysis for sound recordings, and with the innovation was the result of a majority of resolution of problems of physical description affirmative responses to a survey of thirty-one of the new compact discs. The final version of large research libraries, three national li- a catalogers' manual for online music catalog- braries, and two bibliographic utilities. The ing was completed, and system testing of the annotations indicate important subject areas Mu$ic Online System occupied a significant covered by the publication and provide amount of time at the .end of the fiscal year. greater potential for retrieval in data bases featuring component word indexing. Subject Cataloging and Classification The Special Mate.rials Cataloging Division instituted the preparation of preliminary cataloging records in APIF for rare materials. By Subject cataloging and classification activities the end of the fiscal year, this task was ex- were fairly stable in fiscal 1983. Processing panded to .include pre-1801 rare items. The Services has been working with the Subject production of bibliographic records for fifty- Cataloging Division and with representatives three Biblical and liturgical manuscripts for from the other departments in LC to deter- the first of three volumes planned to describe mine the future of Library of Congress Subject Processing Services

Headings [LCSH). Comments were solicited knowledge and skills. A formal automation on the use of LCSH in the Library and sugges- training program was introduced for,,shelflist- tions were requested for possible improve- ers, with background documentation and spe- ments in the LC system. cial tutorial packages designed specifically for In 1982 the Entry Vocabulary Project was the staff. initiated to provide LC with proposals for The responsibility for processing LAW ma- additional "see" references for LCSH from terials was transferred to the Law Library five American libraries as the result of a from the Shelflisting Section in March 1983. project funded by the, Council on Library The number of APIF records updated at the Resources. This fiscal year 317 proposals were shelflisting stage increased 41 percent (from received, of which 122 were approved. 74,693 records in fiscal 1982 to 105,316 in Titles given LC classification and subject 1983). The number of items listed in the sheet headings totaled 160,594 (including music), shelflist which were converted to the card compared to last year's 159,027. The number shelflist was 51,012, an increase of 86 percent of shelflisted titles rose 16 percent this year, from the 27,466 entries in 1982. from 141,608 in fiscal 1982 to 164,623 (includ- Revisions of portions of the decimal classi- ing LAW and music). Volumes shelflisted rose fication schedule under discussion by the 19 percent, from 193,245 to 229,817. Annota- Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Com- tions and subject headings for the Annotated mittee in 1983 were Phoenix 370 Education, Card Series were assigned to 2,895 cards, a Phoenix 350/354 Public Administration, Phoe- decline of 7 percent from the previous year's nix 004-006 Computer Science, and Phoenix 3,109. A total of 8,221 new subject headings 560/599, 611-612 Life Sciences. Revisions of and subdivisions were processed, an increase area numbers for Japan, Sudan, and South of 7.3 percent. New classification numbers to- Africa were brought near completion for DC& taled 2,854 this fiscal year; 267 titles were [Decimal Classification Additions, Notes, and reclassed from LAW to class K. Decisions). DC& 4:3 was issued in February, The application of class KDZ, KG-KHW, and DCb 4:4 was nearly complete at the end Law of the Americas, Latin America, and the of the fiscal year. West Indies was begun in March 1983. Initial The Decimal Classification Division worked development of KJ-KKY, Law of Europe was closely with the Italian translation team for completed in August. Put into final form this Edition 19. From September to December 1982, year were subclasses KJ: History. Roman Law, Daniele Danesi from the Italian team received KJC: Comparison, Unification, and Harmoni- on-the-job training 'on the division's applica- zation of the Law, and KJE: Regional Organi- tion and editorial practices. John Comaromi zation and Integration. Community Law. In worked with the translation team for two days December 1982 the fourth edition of the S, in Florence and also gave a colloquium to 250 Agriculture schedule was published. In June Italian librarians on Edition 19 in March 1983. 1983 the third edition of P-PM, Index to Lan- With the assistance of the Automation Plan- guages and Dialects was published. ning and Liaison Office, the division is for- A high turnover of staff and new routines warding cards in DDC order for works in provided the impetus for a systematic techni- Italian to the Beni Librari in Florence, to help cal training program for new shelflisters. establish an authority file of DDC practices. Special continuing education programs and The number of titles given classification in tours were designed for supervisory staff in the Decimal Classification Division rose 16 the Shelflisting Section of the Subject Cata- percent, to 117,535 from 101,297 the previous loging Division to expand their administrative fiscal year. In addition to classifying all works Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

in English, the division now classes all works Cooperative Cataloging in Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish. The number of titles classified per hour rose from Harvard-Chicago 6.34 in fiscal 1982 to 7.34 in 1983. Workshops in the application of Edition 19 The highlight in cooperative cataloging opera- of the DDC were given by the editor in Boise, tions this year came in the spring, when .Har- Idaho; Boston; Iowa City; Phoenix, Arizona; vard University and the University of Chicago Queens, New York; Salem, Oregon; and became the first outside libraries to contribute Seattle. online bibliographic and authority records to LC's data base. This event was preceded by two years of planning in LC and with the two Machine-Readable Cataloging universities. The projects benefit LC by increasing the number of retrospective records During the fiscal year 136,867 monograph available online and by making it possible for records, 215,549 authority records, and 2,960 LC to use a Harvard record for cataloging pur- film records were converted into machine- poses when LC acquires the same title. The readable form. This represents an increase of Chicago project is limited to retrospective 11 percent for book records (up from 123,334 conversion of previously cataloged LC biblio- in fiscal 1982), an increase of 19 percent for graphic records in science, technology, and authority records (up from 181,149 in 1982), medicine to machine-readable form. Chicago and a decrease of 46 percent for films records is also responsible for creating and inputting (5,507 in 1982). A major effort was begun to name authority records for the books and for replace pre-AACR 2 forms of name in many updating the subject headings to AACR 2 MARC book records with their AACR 2 form. By the end of the fiscal year, Chicago equivalents. It had been planned that this sub- had input 828 bibliographic records. stitution, long known as the BibFlip, would The Harvard project concentrates on the be performed by LC's computer system, but original cataloging of monographs, primarily the complexity of the necessary software and in English and Western European languages, the unavailability of appropriate staff re- in Widener Library. By the end of the fiscal sources prevented this. It was decided to year Harvard had contributed 215 biblio- effect the BibFlip manually by the use of con- graphic records and their related name and tractor services. The MARC Editorial Divi- series authority records. If LC subsequently sion, with technical assistance from staff in acquires an item covered by a Harvard-input the department, designed and conducted a bibliographic record, the record will be up- pilot test of the work routines and quality- dated with LC's holdings and the classification monitoring mechanism for the proiect. It is number will be expanded to include LC's expected that as many as 150,000 book rec- shelflist portion. Staff from both universities ords will be changed over the duration of the received intensive training at LC in the in- project, which is estimated to be completed terpretation of rules and LC procedures in de- by March 1985. scriptive cataloging, subject cataloging, shelf- A new release of the automated system, im- listing, MARC tagging, and input and update plemented in December 1982, permits online procedures. Staff in the Automation Planning input and update of series authority records. and Liaison Office (APLO) coordinated the Staff in the MARC Editorial Division began to automation aspects of the projects, including input and update new series records early in hardware acquisition and installation, system 1983. use, and impact on existing LC production Processing Services

systems. The MARC records created by the put the first online Chinese records to the Re- two universities are available through the search Libraries Information Network (RLIN) MARC Distribution Service. data base in both vernacular script and parallel romanization. The RLG/C JK project to NACO input, update, and retrieve machine-readable bibliographic records entered the pilot project The number of libraries participating in the phase at the end of the fiscal year with testing Name Authority Cooperative Project (NACO) of alternative workflow procedures within LC. rose to twenty-eight this year with the ad- During the pilot project, LC catalogers in the dition of Louisiana State University, the Descriptive and Shared Cataloging Divisions American Antiquarian Society, the National will input approximately 25 percent of the Agricultural Library, and the University of CJK monographic cataloging (excluding law, Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Seven addi- music, and cartographic materials). The Sub- tional institutions received independent status ject Cataloging Division (including the Shelf- in NACO; a total of sixteen institutions have listing Section) is participating in the applica- achieved a very low error rate as reviewed by tion of routines in the alternative workflow NACO. Indiana University and the library at experiment. the U.S. Department of the Interior were accorded online search-only access to LC's NEWDOC data base. There are now seven such institutions that are able to promote maximum bene- In July 1983 the Library announced the cre- fits of the authority cooperation through the ation of the New Delhi Overseas Cataloging production of timely records which do not Project (NEWDOC), a new type of cooperative require extensive handling at LC. cataloging arrangement. With the anticipation The implementation of TOSCA led to tem- of a shift from rupee to dollar funding for the porary restrictions on submission of certain New Delhi overseas field office, the considera- headings, which in turn resulted in a decline tion of potential economies in the Library's in headings processed through NACO. In fis- cataloging programs is timely. The NEWDOC cal 1983 NACO processed twenty-five thou- project will involve a phased transfer of re- sand authority records, raising the number of sponsibility for full monographic descriptive NACO contributions to LC's name authority and some subject cataloging to the New Delhi data base to nearly eighty thousand (8 percent office, using the existing cooperative catalog- of the total). It is estimated that about 10 per- ing arrangements as a model, with advance cent of the authority records generated through training by LC staff. The staff at the Library NACO are later used by LC's catalogers. will be closely involved in providing technical and language assistance, preparing for training, and monitoring the work of the New Delhi staff and will take primary responsibility for responding to requests for information A significant number of staff throughout Proc- essing Services were involved during the fis- and for problem-solving. A NEWDOC project management committee, with members from cal year in the development, with the Research the relevant divisions, is determining proce- Libraries Group (RLG), of the online machine- dures to facilitate the transition. readable data base for the vernacular display of bibliographic records in Chinese, Japanese, Microfom Cataloging and Korean (CJK). On September 12, 1983, staff in the Descriptive Cataloging Division in- Processing Services continued this year to Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

provide technical and quality control review change between national libraries, published for minimal-level cataloging of microforms in 1980, requires modification to satisfy the produced by the Microform Reading Room. requirements of all participants in the inter- During the year, the Preservation Micofilming national exchange of MARC records. World- Office (PMO) undertook responsibility for Qe wide economic conditions have made it creation of minimal-level cataloging of micro- necessary .for many of the network biblio- forms created to preserve the existing LC col- graphic agencies to recover the costs of pro- lections. Processing Services provides the ducing MARC records. To this end, the opportunity for specialized training appropri- committee began to study more satisfactory ate to the processing procedures for preserva- arrangements for international exchange, con- tion microform cataloging and also the review sidering such complex issues as ownership of PMO's cataloging for technical matters and and copyright, commercial use of records, and for quality control. transborder data flow. Arrangements were made for microform MINISIS, a system developed by the Inter- custodial areas to begin to send reports of national Development Research Center, was microform holdings to the Serial Record Divi- designed principally for information control sion, which will create minimal-level records. using the UNISIST Reference Manual as the By the end of the fiscal year, a new inter- format for bibliographic records. Since the departmental committee had been formed software was made available to libraries and under the Technical Processing System Co- other organizations in developing countries, ordinating Committee (TPSCC). The TPSCC it appeared worthwhile to investigate the pos- Microforms Subcommittee began meeting reg- sibility of modifying the software to be capa- ularly to discuss the mission and procedures ble of creating and accepting MARC records of each LC unit dealing with microform cata- so that libraries could use MARC records loging, in an effort to establish a common from other countries as well as contribute understanding of the programs and make rec- MARC records for international exchange. At ommendations for standardization of prac- the suggestion of the International MARC Net- tices where feasible and desirable. work Committee and the Conference of Direc- tors of National Libraries, the International Federation of Library Associations and Insti- Processing Systems, Networks, and tutions (IFLA) contracted for a study to deter- Automation Planning mine the feasibility of a UNIMARC version for MINISIS. The study produced promising Henriette D. Avram, the director for proc- results and was completed in 1983. essing systems, networks, and automation Mrs. Avram also served as a member of the planning, served on the International MARC Program Committee of the Council on Library Network Committee, which operates under Resources' Bibliographic Services Develop- the aegis of the Conference of Directors of ment Program (BSDP). Activities of BSDP in National Libraries. Major concerns of the fiscal 1983 included discussions of authority committee, which met in March and August, control based on a paper authored by Mrs. included the international exchange of MARC Avram, which outlined the purpose of author- records, the UNIMARC handbook, the UNI- ity control and its continuing need in a MARC version of the MINISIS system, and library networking environment. The BSDP the location and principal functions of an has also been investigating such subjects as International MARC Program. online public access catalogs, methods for A model exchange agreement for tape inter- the improvement of subject access to library Processing Services

materials, and the development of standards and a final document is being drafted. for information exchange. Activity has continued this year, both na- Mary S. Price, the assistant director for tionally and internationally, in the develop- processing systems, networks, and automation ment of character sets for bibliographic use. planning, represented. the Library at a joint An ANSI standard for extended roman was meeting between Subcommittee E (originally completed and distributed for comment in the charged with developing a standard for de- United States. Standards for Hebrew and tailed serial holdings) and Subcommittee 40 Arabic were promoted to Draft Proposal (which produced the standard for summary status internationally. Mrs. McCallum repre- serial holdings in 1979) ,of the American Na- sented the Library at meetings of the Interna- tional Standards Institute (ANSI) 239 Corn-- tional Organization for Standardization (ISO) mittee, held in May to resolve the differences Technical Committee 46 (Documentation), between these two standards. A result of this Subcommittee 4 (Automation), Working Group meeting was the decision that a single 239 1 (Character Sets for Bibliographic Use), or standard should be developed, encompassing ISO/TC46/SC4/WGl, and of ANSI 239 Sub- both the detailed and summary levels. It was committee N (Character Sets for Bibliographic further determined that the charge to Sub- Use). In addition to the work on character committee E should be revised accordingly sets, the IS0 working group has a liaison re- and that work on this new standard should lationship with ISO/TC46/SC2 (Translitera- begin immediately in Subcommittee E. The tion) to assist in establishing a one-to-one subcommittee produced a working draft relationship between vernacular characters which addresses the discrepancies between and' their transliterated counterparts. She also the two earlier standards. attended an editorial meeting on the Unesco- The Network Development Office provided sponsored Common Communications Format the staff who chaired the new ANSI 239 Sub- (CCF) this year. A full draft of the CCF was committee W (Non-Serial Holdings State- reviewed and the document approved for ments). A preliminary draft standard was publication by Unesco. prepared and the subcommittee met in Sep- tember to discuss it. Subcommittee W is attempting to ensure the compatibility of the nonserial holdings standard with the ANSI Serials standard for serials holding statements and the new MARC Format for Locations and Fiscal year 1983 will be remembered as the Holdings. year of automated serials check-in in the Sally H. McCallum, the assistant *to the Serial Record Division. Following a 1982 director for processing systems, networks, evaluation of existing automated serials con- and automation planning, is a member of the trol systems, .two were identified as most IFLA Working Group on an International Au- promising for application at LC. This year the thority System as the representative of the Serial Record Division experimented with the Library of Congress; Mrs. Avram serves on F. W. Faxon Company's LINX system and the same group as liaison representative of UCLA's Technical Processing System. Each the IFLA Working Group on Content Desig- system was tested with a twelve-hundred-title nators. A draft of an international standard set of serials for six months. The experiment for printed authority records was distributed provided convincing evidence that automation by the sponsoring IFLA sections for IFLA- could be effectively used in the Serial Record wide review. The results have been evaluated files. Demonstrations of the two systems were Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

given to over three hundred LC staff, as a re- a NACO/CONSER participant through sub- sult of which the Order Division also experi- mission of name authority records. Staff in mented with the LINX system in their the Serial Record Division attended meetings Subscription and Microform Section. Based of CONSER Participants and CONSER Opera- on Serial Record's evaluation of the two sys- tional Staff in September 1983 to present a tems, the division was able to make recom- proposal regarding authentication procedures. mendations for serials automation develop- The Library has a consistent and chronic ment to Processing Services. arrearage of CONSER records eligible for Serial Record also worked with a consul- authentication. Drawing on experiences with tant to study the serials automation needs of CONSER and with procedures for NACO, the the entire Library and to draft detailed func- Serial Record Division proposed the concept tional requirements. The study forms the of self-authentication for institutions that basis for long-range planning of a total system would be identified as independent following to meet the Library's needs. The consultant's rigorous quality review. Authentication rou- other projects included drafting a plan for tines would remain unchanged for those insti- conversion from a manual to an automated tutions for which the quality review had not Serial Record file and refining the serials been completed. automation functional requirements document. The CONSER participants accepted the con- Physical changes to the Serial Record were cept of self-authentication and undertook a instituted during fiscal 1983. Beginning in July, fuller development of procedures to include . color-coded overriders for recording serials name authority and minimal-level cataloging holdings were introduced, with separate colors records. Documentation providing guidance in used to indicate the source of serial receipts. self-authentication will be developed by staff The color coding is expected to enhance tele- in Processing Services; the CONSER partici- phone reference inquiry and accessioning ac- pants recommended preparation of a third tivities. Serial Record Division staff worked edition of the MARC Serials Editing Guide. with staff from the Network Development The New Serial Titles Section received Office and the Automation Planning and Liai- 183,277 reports during the year, a 10 percent son Office to develop a system for the produc- increase over the 166,251 level for fiscal 1982. tion of Serial Record file cards from CONSER The number of reports on hand grew 40 per- records for both full and minimal-level serials cent, from 226,798 in 1982 to 317,669 in 1983. cataloging. The system is expected to reduce Changes in the production of New Serial redundant record creation activities and to Titles altered the appearance of the publica- improve the effectiveness of the Serial Record tion in 1983. Using software originally de- file entries. signed to produce Audiovisual Materials, the The Serial Record Division was reorganized Cataloging Distribution Service changed the in fiscal 1983 to create a new section respon- page format from two columns to three. At the sible for the creation of minimal-level cata- end of the fiscal year consideration was being loging of serials. The new section head was given to the possibility of making NST a appointed toward the end of the fiscal year; microfiche publication. administrative and procedural details are still The eighth meeting of directors of Interna- being worked out. tional Serials Data System (ISDS) centers was The University of Pittsburgh was admitted held in Helsinki, Finland, in October 1982. as a CONSER participant during the year and Discussions focused on the compatibility of the National Agricultural Library reactivated International Standard Bibliographic Descrip- its CONSER membership and plans to become tion (Serials)-or ISBD(S)-and ISDS and on Processing Services

an intensive review of the draft ISDS Manual. bibliographic record creation for newspaper It was agreed that certain changes to ISBD(S) records in CONSER. would make it more compatible with ISDS and that changes would be made in the forth- coming ISDS Manual. The Library of Congress Automation Planning and Network will host the ninth meeting of the directors of Development ISDS centers in October 1983. The Automation Planning and Liaison Office The National Serials Data Program (NSDP) (APLO) continued its progress in fiscal 1983 worked with the Copyright Office this year to toward defining and describing the coordi- promote copyright deposit requirements with nated plan for technical processing operations serials publishers. NSDP has revised the let- referred to as the Technical Processing Sys- ters sent to publishers to include information tem (TPS). A TPS Coordinating Committee regarding copyright deposit requirements and Subcommittee-Production was created to has worked with Ebsco Inc., a subscription discuss problems of Processing Services' auto- agency, to promote the use of the Interna- mated systems in production. To monitor the tional Standard Serial Number (ISSN). Ebsco problem with the systems, APLO set up an and NSDP made arrangements to involve online tracking file. serials ~ublishersto increase the likelihood To coordinate the development of automa- of ISSN's being printed on publications. In- tion tasks, a departmental program was initi- formation sent by Ebsco to publishers resulted ated during fiscal 1983 to monitor the approval, in nearly eight hundred requests for new development, implementation, maintenance, ISSN assignments by NSDP. and allocation of staff resources to automation The Library of Congress expanded its in- tasks (including both new applications and volvement in the United States Newspaper modifications to existing applications). The Program (USNP), a cooperative effort funded program incorporates a system of regularly by the National Endowment for the Human- reviewed priorities which allows new tasks to ities (NEH). Seven national newspaper repos- be added as resources become available. itories were designated by NEH to enter The APLO staff were integrally involved in bibliographic records for U.S. newspapers into modification of the name authority system, the CONSER data base. The national reposi- which now includes series authority records, tories' records will build a core data base to early notice records for new name authority support the efforts of state newspaper reposi- headings, and preliminary records for head- tories as these are added to USNP. LC's Serial ings established for bibliographic records con- and Government Publications Division is in- tributed to the National Union Catalog. A volved as one of the seven national re- major improvement in the Library's online positories, creating bibliographic records for retrieval systems, MUMS Integrated Indexing, newspapers in LC's collections. The Serial was coordinated for Processing Services in Record Division provides technical manage- APLO. The staff worked closely with the ment and documentation support to the proj- Automated Systems Office in the procurement ect, as well as providing coordination between process for replacement of the Library's Four USNP and CONSER. Staff from both LC divi- Phase terminals. sions have been actively involved in training Nearing completion by the end of the fiscal activities with the national and state reposi- year was the Music Online System and Record tory participants. One major undertaking for Migration. Testing for the input and update of the LC staff involved with USNP was the revi- online bibliographic records for music ma- sion of the Newspaper Manual, a guide to terials (including nonmusic sound recordings) Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

began in August 1983 and continued through wide computerized bibliographic networks. the end of the fiscal year. Training of the ap- NDO also assisted NAC in the preparation of propriate cataloging staff in content designa- a work statement, entitled A Nationwide tion and input and update procedures is Study of Document Delivery Activities, which expected to begin in the late fall of 1983. All was presented to the Council on Library Re- work up to actual implementation was com- sources as a new project to undertake. pleted by the end of the fiscal year on the The NDO participated in planning meetings automatic migration of preliminary cataloging for the creation of a national network for and minimal-level-cataloging records from the archival film information. The involved ar- APIF file to the Books file. Following imple- chives (LC, the Museum of Modern Art, the mentation of Record Migration, the minimal- George Eastman House, and the University of level-cataloging records will be available in a . California. at Los Angeles) agreed to use new MARC distribution service that will in- AACR 2 and the USMARC films format as the clude minimal-level, microform, and collec- systems standards. Existing networks and in- tion-level records. formation systems will be studied for poten- Proposals for additions and changes to the tial use as a host system for the archival film USMARC formats were discussed at meetings network. of the Committee on Representation in The assistant to the director for processing Machine-Readable Form of Bibliographic In- systems, networks, and automation planning formation (MARBI) held at the midwinter and and staff from both APLO and NDO worked annual conferences of the American Library on the Linked Systems Project (LSP), funded Association and at LC in October 1982 and by the Council on Library Resources. LSP is September 1983. Publication of a final draft of a cooperative effort of the Washington Library the proposed USMARC Format for Holdings Network, Research Libraries Group, and Li- and Locations, under development since 1982, brary of Congress systems to implement was approved in September. MARC Formats computer-to-computer links for maintenance for Bibliographic Data (MFBD) updates num- of an integrated and consistent name authority ber 7 and number 8 were completed this fiscal file. Initial contributors to LSP will include LC year, and update number 9 was initiated. The and many of the institutions participating in first annual revision of MFBD Code Lists was NACO. During the past year the proiect has issued in 1983. Also completed were update been in an implementation phase at the three number 1 to Authorities: A MARC Format sites. The Library of Congress expects to com- and semiannual updates to National Level plete the telecommunications part early in Bibliographic Record documents for books fiscal 1984, with authority applications follow- and music. ing in midyear. Planning began during 1983 The Network Development Office (NDO) for the exchange of bibliographic records over serves as the secretariat of the Network Ad- the LSP link. This major extension of the visory Committee (NAC). The October 1982 capabilities of the link will not require addi- NAC program meeting was devoted to the tions to the telecommunications facilities but topic of the public/private interface in library will center on augmentation of the applica- networking. A report of these discussions, tions of each site that handles bibliographic entitled Public/Private Sector Interactions: data. Implementation of bibliographic record The Implications for Networking, will be is- exchange will begin late in the next fiscal year sued as Network Planning Paper Number 8 in following successful implementation and test- late 1983. The April 1983 NAC program meeting of the authority record interchange. ing considered the problem of emerging state- With the goal of fostering the use of Processing Services

UNIMARC as an international exchange for- The first eight cumulative monthly issues mat, NDO collaborated with the British Li- of NUC. Books contained 90,541 records re- brary in the preparation of a new UNIMARC ported for that period appearing in 52 register Interpretive Handbook, to be published by fiche and 335 index fiche. Distribution to sub- IFLA in the fall of 1983, which will guide scribers was completed for the January through agencies in their conversion of records to the July issues in fiscal 1983. The first eight issues UNIMARC format. of NUC. U.S. Books contained 39,564 records Near the end of the fiscal year, NDO under- reported during those months, in 24 register took a study of the usefulness of foreign fiche and 153 index fiche. Distribution to sub- MARC cataloging data to the Library of Con- scribers was completed for the January through gress and possibly to other U.S. libraries June issues in fiscal 1983. The first two quar- [through the MARC Distribution Service). To terly issues of NUC. Audiovisual Materials, further the utility of foreign MARC data, in also distributed to subscribers in fiscal 1983, 1983 LC. began to request that all new ex- contained 3,281 records reported for that changes of MARC data between the United period in 4 register fiche and 9 index fiche. By states and other national bibliographic agen- the end of the fiscal year, the January-March cies be conducted in either USMARC or issue of NUC. Cartographic Materials had UNIMARC. been distributed to subscribers with 75,660 records (which represent the entire LC maps Catalog Publications data base) in 40 register fiche and 71 index fiche. Total NUC receipts of pre-1956 imprints The National Union Catalog (NUC) entered from all sources numbered 556,321 cards.. the automated era in fiscal 1983. Through co- Among these were pre-1956 imprints from operative planning and development on the outside sources totaling 553,386, an increase part of APLO, the Catalog Management and of 70 percent over the fiscal 1982 total of Publication Division, and the Cataloging Dis- 325,163. Nearly 39 percent of the outside re- tribution Service and combined system pro- ports were duplicates eligible for inclusion in gramming by CDS and the Automated Systems the NUC Register of Additional Locations Office, the first issues of the NUC in computer- (RAL). Receipts of post-1955 imprints from output microfiche were issued in April. outside sources totaled 4,028,042 cards, an The online NUC input and update system was implemented in November 1982 with the increase of 47 percent over the previous year's first record input (control number NUC82-1). total of 2,734,749. Of these, 23 percent re- By the end of the fiscal year, the NUC online quired searching; the remaining 3,101,453 file contained 4,725 records. were identified as LC duplicates and were The new microfiche NUC publication is eligible for inclusion in the RAL. issued in a register-index format in four seg- The RAL was changed to a quarterly publi- ments entitled NUC. Books; NUC. U.S. Books; cation in microfiche in fiscal 1983. Two issues NUC. Audiovisual Materials; and NUC. Carto- of the 1983 edition were sent to subscribers in graphic Materials. Each segment has author, 314 fiche. The 1968 to June 1983 cumulative title, subject, and series indexes, and NUC. issue of RAL, sent to subscribers in August, Cartographic Materials is also indexed by contained 158 fiche with 33,569,128 locations. Geographic Classification Codes. The new The final bookform issue of NUC is under editions supersede the Subject Catalog, the way. The 1982 annual edition of NUC is par- Chinese Cooperative Catalog, Audiovisual Ma- tially through editorial preparation, and four terials, and Monographic Series. volumes have been shipped to subscribers. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

The final bookform edition of Audiovisual For the first time in eight years, a price change Materials (the 1982 annual) was distributed to was made in the catalog card service. Prices subscribers in June. The final issues of the were raised for card orders requiring special Chinese Cooperative Catalog and Monographic 'searches and for sets of eight cards. Improve- Series were completed during this fiscal year. ments in the card service have offset the price A decision was made to issue Symbols of change, however, and there have been no American Libraries as an annual; the thir- complaints or changes in subscription patterns. teenth edition will be published in 1984. Four The DEMAND System, a state-of-the-art issues of Name Authorities were published in optical-disk-based electronic system, was op- the fiscal year; the latest issue cumulated erational using the magnetic disk resources. 883,071 records and 878,657 references from Over half a million card images for high- 1977 to June 1983. frequency card orders and current non-MARC cataloging have been scanned into the system. Catalog Management Non-MARC catalog cards are being printed on demand, with a reduction in card order turn- In fiscal 1983, cards filed into the Library's around from an average of 21 days to 5-7 card catalogs totaled 1,476,155, a decrease of days. Testing is still in process for the sys- 2 percent from the 1982 total of 1,614,244. A tem's first optical disk. Library-wide decision was made during the Delays in processing card orders have been year to give higher priority to non-MARC reduced through several procedural changes. cards for filing in LC's card catalogs, since In the past, card orders might be delayed for MARC records are accessible in the Library's 120 days or longer for MARC titles with pre- automated data base. Following this decision, assigned card numbers or other titles for the Catalog Management and Publication Divi- which full bibliographic records were not yet sion (CMP) placed emphasis on sorting out available. Card orders are now being filled non-MARC cards from those cards ready for with Cataloging in Publication-level biblio- filing (new cards, corrected cards, cards to be graphic records if a full-level catalog record is refiled, etc.), for subsequent arranging and fil- unavailable. When no catalog record is avail- ing. Special card catalog projects included able, card orders are returned promptly to the expansion and relabeling of the Far Eastern customer with information regarding future Languages Catalog and filing into the Law Li- availability of the cards. brary Catalog of cards classified in JX which The Computer Applications Section .was re- had been previously located in the Shelflist. organized into four units (Library Specialist, The manual Process Information File is also Maintenance Support, Administrative Sys- maintained by CMP, whose staff filed 6,534 tems, and Bibliographic Systems) in order to cards into the file and weeded 59,780 superseded entries this fiscal year. The majority of improve efficiency. One of the section's most library materials in process are entered into time-consuming tasks in fiscal 1983 was the de- the Automated Process Information File, velopment and installation of software to edit, which has replaced the manual file except for accumulate, and select NUC reports for pro- a declining number of materials which were in duction of the NUC as a microfiche register1 process when the automated file was initiated. index publication. Another task accomplished in this year was modification of software to Cataloging Distribution allow minimal-level-cataloging records to be distributed in the MARC Distribution Service. Various innovations and changes in CDS ser- A new capability, called MARC Reselect, was vices were introduced during the fiscal year. developed to enable CDS to fill orders for sub- Processing Services

sets of the MARC data base (by fdrm of ternational Standard Bibliographic Description material, status, date entered in the file, date (ISBD) Review Committee in London. The of last file transaction, language code, and group reviewed the revised drafts of the country of publication). ISBDs for Books, Serials, Cartographic Ma- Several years of planning and cooperation terials, and Nonbook Materials. The drafts with other LC units culminated in the shift of were given wide distribution for comment; all photocomposition processing to the Gov- final publication is expected in 1985. ernment Printing Office in 1983. The change Henriette D. Avram attended a meeting of has led to more efficient and effective produc- the Council on Library Resources' U.S. Inter- tion and a substantial savings through cancel- national Activities Group in January 1983. She lation of a leasing arrangement on Videocomp also attended meetings of the U.S. National equipment. Committee for Unesco in March and Septem- The Customer Information Management ber 1983 and, in May, a meeting of the Cath- System was enhanced to allow online publica- olic University School of Library Information tion order processing, address label genera- Science Board of Visitors. She was a guest tion, and inventory control. The enhancements lecturer at Western Michigan University's have reduced customer claims and provide School of Librarianship in October 1982 and greater control over order processing. delivered a paper at the Art Libraries Society This year CDS began to set up exhibits at of North America in February 1983. regional library conferences in addition to the Mrs. Avram chaired meetings of the IFLA booth normally staffed at semiannual confer- Professional Board in November 1982 and in ences of the American Library Association. March and August 1983, and served as a mem- Customers who are unlikely to attend ALA ber of the Program Management Committee conferences are thus being reached at the and the Executive Board. She chaired meet- local level. ings of IFLA's Division of Managemen1 snd Technology and the Section on Information Technology at the August meeting. She also STAFF ACTIVITIES served as a member of the Task Force on IFLA Structure which met in Reisenberg, Ger- Communication with the library and informa- many, in April 1983. Mrs. Rather attended the tion community plays an important role in the IFLA meeting in August as a member of the functions of Processing Services. Staff attend- Standard Committee on Cataloging. Both Mrs. ance at professional meetings, seminars, and Avram and Mrs. Rather attended the August workshops provides an opportunity to dis- seminate information about the department's meeting of the Association of Bibliographic procedures, missions, and programs. Agencies of Britain, Australia, Canada, and Lucia J. Rather attended a meeting on the the United States. MARC Holdings Format at Airlie House in Mrs. Avram and Mrs. Rather participated in November 1982 and gave a presentation to the ALA video teleconference in June 1983. New York Technical Services Librarians in Mrs. Avram represented the ANSI 239 Com- December 1982. .Mrs. Rather attended meet- mittee at the ANSI Information Systems ings of the Research Libraries Group's Stand- Standards and International Standards Steer- ing Committee on Library Technical Systems ing Committee meeting in New York in June and Bibliographic Control in San Antonio in 1983. January 1983 and Los Angeles in June 1983 as Mary S. Price served as a member of the LC's liaison. In January 1983, Mrs. Rather at- IFLA Standing Committee on Serial Publica- tended and chaired a meeting of the IFLA In- tions and as the U.S. representative on the Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Governing Board and General Assembly of cataloging, served as a participant in four of - the International Serials Data System. the authorities institutes held in New Orleans, Sally H. McCallum served as a member of New York, St. Louis, and Albuquerque. He ALA's Library and Information Technology also served as a member of ALA's Margaret Division's Publication Board. She participated Mann Citation Committee. in the ANSI 239 Committee annual member- Many of the department's staff attended and ship meeting in April 1983 and served as a participated in the American Library Associa- member of Z39's Executive Council and Pro- tion meetings held in San Antonio and Los gram Committee. She also served as a member Angeles. During the year ALA activities by of the IFLA Working Group on an Interna- Processing Services staff ranged from mem- tional Authority System and as U.S. repre- bership in ALA's Council to participation in sentative to the International Organization for a wide range of committees and discussion Standardization's TC46 plenary meetings in groups within the Resources and Technical Vienna, Austria, in May 1983. Mrs. McCallum Services Division. The primary objective of participated in authority group meetings for these activities is to ensure responsible and the Linked Systems Project in February and orderly communication between the Library August 1983. of Congress technical services staff and the Robert M. Hiatt, assistant to the director for library and information community. Research Services

On May 10, 1983, the Library of Congress were presented during the summer months. dedicated its Mary Pickford Theater in the (A list appears in appendix 13.) Madison Building and inaugurated the show- The opening of the Pickford Theater repre- ing of film classics with a five-day series sented only the latest step in the involvement featuring the films of Miss Pickford and her of the Library of Congress with motion pic- contemporaries. The dedication ceremony tures, an involvement as old as the art and was a glamorous occasion. Present were the technology of filmmaking. In 1894 the Library late Miss Pickford's husband Charles (Buddy) accepted its first motion picture deposited for Rogers and Mrs. Rogers, other members of copyright. During the next eighteen years, the Mary ,Pickford Foundation, and its execu- approximately fifty -five hundred films were tive director, Matty Kemp. The Pickford registered for copyright in the form of partial Foundation's gift of $500,000 over the next or complete prints on paper rolls. In 1896 the ten years will support programming and asso- first nitrate strips were received as copyright ciated costs in the theater. Others present and materials by the Library. In 1912 a revision in taking part in the dedication were Miss Pick- the copyright law permitted registration for ford's stepson Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., Lillian copyright without deposit of the film itself. Gish, Blanche Sweet, Ambassador Clare Instead, descriptive material with occasional Boothe Luce (who recalled once serving as nitrate strips sufficed. In 1942 the Library understudy to Mary Pickford), American Film resumed its practice of acquiring selected Institute director Jean Firstenberg, and Sen- nitrate feature films. By the early 1950s the ator Barry Goldwater, all of whom spoke at widespread use of safety film made it advis- the dedicatory occasion. able for the Library to acquire systematically The celebration continued the next day prints of current releases. In that same period with a morning and afternoon symposium, began the program to convert paper prints to "Mary Pickford, Her Times, the Films," acetate (safety) film, a program supported by chaired by film historians Jay Leyda and Erik congressional appropriation from 1958 to its Barnouw, former chief of the Library's Mo- conclusion in 1964. As the paper print project tion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded ended, a nitrate film conversion program be- Sound Division. Joining them and the film gan, accelerated by agreements with the stars named above was True Boardman, who American Film Institute (AFI) beginning in had also appeared in early films. 1968, the establishment of a nitrate film con- The dedication, the symposium, and the version laboratory in the Library in 1970, and film series signal new opportunities for ser- the relocation of that laboratory to Dayton, vice to the public, based upon the Library's Ohio, in 1980-81. unparalleled collections of motion pictures. Throughout the past twenty-five years the Following the dedicatory series of screenings, Library, often in cooperation with AFI, has the Library presented a three-week series en- sought to fill in the gap in its holdings brought titled "The American Cowboy on Film" as a about by the 1912-42 moratorium on selection supplement to the major exhibit on the and to convert as many as possible of the American Cowboy in the Library's Madison early films to safety prints. In both these Gallery. Other thematic and topical series efforts Mary Pickford played a part. In 1945 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Miss Pickford made the first major donation All have receivers for recorded sound, some to the Library's motion picture collection: 286 have video receivers as well, and others have titles comprising 2,000 reels. In 1970 she pianos, microform readers, and other special added 50 titles to the collection, her films equipment. A scholar will be able to consult made from 1909 to 1913 with American Bio- research materials in various formats, make graph studios. In 1956 she had also given a necessary comparisons between printed boost to the Library's preservation efforts scores and recordings, or even engage in more with a gift of $10,000. As specified in her will, intensive study of music through the use of the remainder of her collection was trans- available musical instruments. ferred to the Library upon her death in 1979. The dedication of the Mary Pickford Theater, therefore, was in part a new beginning but in part the culmination of a long and beneficial ADMINISTRATION relationship with "America's Sweetheart." The Pickford Theater dedication followed The year was clouded by the death on August by only three months the relocation of its 14 of the brilliant and energetic chief of the parent unit, the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, Hispanic Division, William E. Carter, after a and Recorded Sound Division (M/B/RS). This vaIiant year-long struggle against cancer. division had been formed in the reorganiza- From the time of his appointment in January tion of 1978, through combination of the 1979, Dr. Carter had been a vital force in the Motion Picture Section of the Prints and Library, stimulating scholarly projects, sym- Photographs Division and the Recorded Sound posia, and publications in the Hispanic field. Section of the Music Division. From the time For his contributions at the Library and for of its organization until its occupancy of new his own professional publications in the field quarters in the Madison Building, MIBIRS of Latin American anthropology, he received was dispersed and widely separated. The the Order of Isabel la Catcilica medal in a move in January and February consolidated ceremony at the embassy of Spain just two the staff and services, together with many of months before he died. It is the highest form the collections, in the Madison Building. (Be- of recognition which Spain can bestow on a cause of their volume and for safety reasons foreigner. William T. Walsh, who served as some parts of the collection are located in chief of the Federal Research Division for suburban Maryland storage areas and in ni- twenty years until his retirement in 1971, trate film vaults in Dayton, Ohio.) died July 19. A former World War I1 naval The Music Division also completed its move officer and a colonel in the U.S. Air Force to the Madison Building in fiscal 1983, initiat- Reserve, Mr. Walsh is credited with having ing service in the Performing Arts Reading shaped the division and established many of Room (PARR) on December 7,1982. The room its techniques for information research and will be used for service of materials in the analysis. custody of the Music Division-books, manu- J. Thomas Rimer was appointed chief of the scripts, sheet music, etc.-and also for record- Asian Division, effective August 1. A veteran ings and video materials in the custody of of eight years' service with the United States M/B/RS. A Recorded Sound Reference Center Information Agency, Dr. Rimer came to the is adjacent to the PARR, to serve the special Library from Washington University in St. reference needs of students of broadcasting Louis, where for the past ten years he has and recorded sound. The PARR has sixteen been chairman of the Department of Chinese soundproof rooms with varying capabilities: and Japanese. An expert on Japanese litera- Research Services

ture and theater, with numerous publications eight years of service. It is thought that Mr. in his fields of specialization, Dr. Rimer has Cole in his career accessioned more maps for also served for five years on the Joint Com- the Library of Congress than exist in any mittee on Japanese Studies of the Social Sci- other library. Robert Gross, head of the Micro- ence Research Council and the American form Reading Room Section, General Reading Council of Learned Societies. He succeeds Rooms Division, retired September 30, after Warren Tsuneishi, who is now director for thirty-three years of federal service. James R. area studies. Richard Howard had served as Smart, recorded sound specialist and discog- acting chief in the interim before Dr. Rimer's rapher extraordinaire, retired from M/B/RS appointment. after thirty years of service. Chandru J. Shahani was appointed research officer in the Preservation Research and Test- ing Office, effective November 29. Dr. Shahani ACQUISITION OF MATERIALS was formerly head of the research laboratory of the National Archives and Records Service. As reported in the 1981 Annual Report, the He succeeds John Williams, who retired in Library has initiated a new series of brochures 1981. on acquisitions in special collections. The Oliver 0.Jensen resigned in December 1982 first publication (in 1981) was the Manuscript as chief of the Prints and Photographs Divi- Division report for 1979. Brochures covering sion. Mr. Jensen had joined the Library on 1980 and 1981 manuscript accessions were March 2, 1981, after a long career as editor of published in succeeding years. Last year the American Heritage. He had prepared the col- first report for the Rare Book and Special Col- lections and staff of the division for the epic lections Division appeared, and in 1983 the move into the Madison Building and had ad- first for the Geography and Map ~ Division, vised the Library on its publication program, covering 1981 acquisitions. Within the next based on his long experience in the field. two or three years all special collections ac- Among staff retirements, the most note- quisitions will be reported in this format on worthy was that of Mrs. Marlene D. Morrisey an annual basis, in greater detail than the after forty-two years in the Library of Con- present report allows. gress. She had served as executive assistant to Librarians of Congress Luther H. Evans and Some Notable Acquisitions L. Quincy Mumford and Acting Librarians . Verner Clapp and John G. Lorenz. In recent In 1983 the Library of Congress, through a years she had been special assistant to the complicated exchange, acquired the greatest Register of Copyrights, but the last two of her twentieth-century illustrated book lacking forty-two years were spent in the Manuscript from its collections, Henri Matisse's Jazz, Division as specialist in Library of Congress published in 1947 in an edition of 270 copies. history and archives, a position for which she The volume was acquired for the Rosenwald was especially qualified. Other retirements in Collection and in the field of Lessing Rosen- that division were those of Paul T. Heffron, wald's principal collecting interest by relin- assistant chief since 1975 and acting chief quishing a large number of Rosenwald 1979-82, and Sylvia Lyons Render, the reference works duplicated in the Library's Library's first specialist in Afro-American collections. The Library has received more history and culture. than eight thousand dollars for rare book Milton Cole, library technician in the Geog- purchases and a number of special gifts as raphy and Map Division, retired after thirty- memorials to the late chief of the Rare Book Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Division, Frederick R. Goff. With a portion of Gershwin, begun in 1939 through gifts by Ira the funds the Library has purchased .a fif- Gershwin. That archive was greatly enhanced teenth-century book "not in Gaff," i.e., not through the deposit by Mrs. Ira Gershwin of listed in Goff's third census of incunabula in the score and sketches of George Gershwin's American libraries. The book in question two-piano arrangement of his An American in prints the peace treaty between Emperor Paris, With the death of Ira Gershwin in Frederick I11 and Matthias Corvinus, king of Augustl the Library lost one of its greatest Hungary. Johann Petri printed editions in friends and benefactors. At year's end, plans German and Latin in 1491. The Library had were being made for a suitable permanent owned only the German edition heretofore memorial to George and Ira Gershwin in the (the only copy recorded in the census]. A Library of Congress. group of pamphlets once owned by John The most unusual film acquisition of the Quincy Adams and members of his family year was the home movie version of Camille has come to the Library as a result of the made by illustrator Ralph Barton and featur- interest of Mrs. Richard Cutts. ing Paul Robeson, Sinclair Lewis, Anita Loos, In preparation for the International Brahms George Jean Nathan, Theodore Dreiser, Sher- Festival and Conference the Music Division wood Anderson, Clarence Darrow, Sacha continued to secure Brahms and Brahms- Guitry, Alfred Knopf, Serge Koussevitzky, related material. The largest such purchase H. L. Mencken, Charlie Chaplin, Ethel Barry- was a collection of more than two hundred more, Somerset Maugham, Ferenc Molnar, letters and cards of Hermine Spies, a young and Max Reinhardt, among others. soprano described as Brahms's "idol of the The Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Re- 1880's" (Grove's Dictionary). The correspon- corded Sound Division customarily acquires dence (1882-92) with Estera Henschel is signifi- copies of rpajor U.S. feature film releases, but cant for musical history, dealing particularly the collection of foreign productions has re- with Brahms and with Max Bruch. Also ac- mained relatively small. In 1983, through a quired was a small collection of correspon- combination of copyright deposit, gift, and dence from Bruch to Arthur M. Abell, an purchase, the following admired and influen- American music critic living in Berlin. tial foreign films were acquired: Federico The Library also acquired significant groups Fellini's Amarcord and g1/2, Abel Gance's Na- of correspondence of Giacomo Meyerbeer, poleon, Henri-Georges Clouzot's Diabolique, Erno Balogh, Ernest Bloch, and Eubie Blake. Marcel Camus's BIack Orpheus, Satyajit Ray's The last deal principally with Blake's use of Teen Kenya, and Ingmar Bergman's Smiles of the Schillinger System of music composition. a Summer Night, Dreams, and Autumn Sonata. Individual letters of interest were acquired In addition, fifty-five Polish and Polish- for many composers, including Felix Men- American films were received in the WIadys- delssohn, Edward MacDowell, and Franz law Waisman Collection. These acquisitions, Lizst, for all of whom the Music Division coupled with an increase in foreign copyright holds exceptionally strong collections. Large registrations, have greatly enriched the Li- colIections were also received pertaining to brary's foreign film holdings. Ruth Crawford Seeger and Charles Seeger, In September, the Copyright Office issued a Carrie Jacobs-Bond, and Basil Fomeen. Nine regulation defining the mechanism whereby holograph manuscripts of Ernest Bloch were the Library may acquire copies of unpublished added to the Bloch collection. television programs either by off-air taping or One of the greatest musical archives in the obtaining copies from the owner. This regula- Library of Congress is that of George and Ira tion and procedures which derive from it will Research Services

be an important asset in the acquisition of United States. To these were added in 1983 a television broadcasting. long-sought and long-promised collection, the U.S. News and World Report donated to the papers of A. Philip Randolph, which join the Library its photograph collection of 35-mm records of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car black-and-white negatives and contact prints Porters, which he headed for many years. by the magazine's staff photographers. The Among presidential and related papers, the first group of 600,000 negatives, covering Library received a series of twenty letters 1952-72, greatly improves the Library's re- exchanged between Grover Cleveland and sources in documentary photography. Efforts Chief Justice Melville W. Fuller, 1886-1909, are being made to strengthen the Library's and more than one thousand letters of Wood- holdings in satire and caricature, partly as a row Wilson's daughters, Margaret Wilson and result of the establishment of the Caroline Elizabeth Wilson McAdoo. and Erwin Swann collection and the creation The Geography and Map Division reported of the Swann Fund. In 1983 the Library ac- a 30 percent increase in accessions, largely quired forty-seven French political satires of because of transfers from the Defense Map- the Revolutionary period, an album of 159 ping Agency of maps unique to the collec- prints by James Sayers, the eighteenth-century tions. In 1983 the Library purchased the Libro English satirist, and approximately four hun- dei Globi (1693), a unique atlas containing dred drawings by political cartoonist Rollin Vincenzo Maria Coronelli's entire output of Kirby. globes. This rare work is one of only seven Some two thousand posters were added to known copies and adds to the division's the collection, including large gifts from the Coronelli collection, perhaps the finest in the collectors Alice and Leslie Schreyer, from the western hemisphere. The most important gift Kennedy Center, and from the Artcraft Print- to the cartographic collections was a long- ing Company in New York. Also received sought 1768 engraving of the Pennsylvania- were ninety-seven contemporary Japanese Maryland-Delaware boundary surveyed by posters published by PARCO, a large depart- Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon, the orig- ment store and shopping center conglomerate. inal of the "Mason-Dixon" line. It was do- Two deposits late in the year greatly en- nated by descendants of Benjamin Chew, one hance the Library's manuscript resources for of Pennsylvania's early boundary commis- the study of the Franklin D. Roosevelt era. sioners. Another Geography and Map ac- They were the papers of Thomas C. Corcoran quisition redolent of American history is a and a first installment of the papers of Robert manuscript map of the Battle of Bunker Hill, H. Jackson. Both men were associated with June 17, 1775, signed by General Sir Henry the early days of the New Deal, and Jackson Clinton, commander of the British reinforce- was later a Justice of the Supreme Court and ments at the battle and later the British com- chief prosecutor at Nuremberg. The Corcoran mander-in-chief in America. The map is dated and Jackson papers join those of such other October 2,1775, and was apparently prepared Roosevelt-era figures as Felix Frankfurter, as part of an official British report on the Cordell Hull, James A. Farley, William 0. battle. Douglas, Harold Ickes, Hugo Black, Jesse Jones, Frank Knox, and Henry Wallace, as Foreign Language Acquisitions part of the Library's holdings. The Library's holdings of personal papers and organizational records are unsurpassed in In April the Area Studies divisions, at the the field of the civil rights movements in the request of the Collections Development Office, Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

prepared statements on acquisition problems asset the Library of Congress is-for in- and priorities. The statement by the European stitutional linkages, as a demonstration Division is representative and provides a clear of the openness of American society, as view of some of the complexities in acquiring a scholarly institution, for its interest in library materials worldwide, even when the other cultures as manifested through its area in question is made up largely of "devel- massive holdings of works in foreign oped" countries. The analysis divides Euro- languages and for providing a view of the pean Division responsibilities into four areas: close ties between the U.S. Government 1) western and northern Europe, characterized and the American people. by "structures of research and publishing and vehicles for the dissemination of knowledge Among the approximately 170,000 technical not unlike those of the United States"; 2) reports and standards added to Science and Italy, Austria, and the Balkan countries, an Technology Division holdings in 1983, one area of lesser economic health and a less well collection especially stands out. By transfer organized publishing trade; 3) communist from the National Bureau of Standards on Europe, including the Soviet Union, in which October 26,1982, the Library acquired a com- the publishing trade is highly organized and plete set of the State Standards of the Soviet long-standing exchange agreements exist; Union, the only such collection in the United and 4) the less developed communist coun- States. Commonly called GOST standards (for tries of eastern Europe, from which little has Cosudarstvennyi standart), the collection been available for acquisition. For each of greatly strengthens the Library's resources these segments of its responsibilities, the divi- for full understanding of the Soviet Union sion finds that different tactics and acquisi- and its scientific practices. tion procedures are appropriate. Twenty-six new writers were recorded for Earlier reports have emphasized the im- the Hispanic Division's Archive of Hispanic portance of field trips by area specialists to Literature on Tape. In addition to materials stimulate or regularize acquisitions from areas received through gift and exchange, the Japa- not well served by Library of Congress field nese collection was enriched by the gift from offices or through regular acquisitions mech- Don Cyril Gorham of his personal collection anisms. A number of such acquisitions trips (about two hundred volumes) on Japanese were made in 1983 by representatives of all literature and language. Some gaps in the Li- Area Studies divisions. Moreover, the Library brary's holdings were also filled by donations published for limited distribution a report of of fifty boxes of Arabic-language newspapers a previous year's trip to Central Africa by from Yale University and four thousand vol-

Mattye Laverne Page. Comments from outside umes from the African Bibliographic Center.I librarians indicate that the report is proving to be useful to Africana acquisitions specialists elsewhere. The impact of field trips is Microform Acquisitions often felt far beyond their consequences for acquisitions by the Library of Congress or New agencies in the People's Republic of , other American libraries. Following a visit to China (PRC) have begun to offer a variety of Syria by George Atiyeh, head of the Near East Chinese publications in microform, including Section, an American embassy official sum- pre-1947 periodicals, regional histories, and marized its impact as follows: early Chinese newspapers. The Library has received on twenty-one 'reels of microfilm the This visit brought out what a valuable important Cultural Daily, Northwest China Research Services

edition (1932-48). The quality of the film is with the assistance of Preservation Office spe- good; it is likely that other materials will be cialists and identified some four hundred vol- acquired in this format from the PRC. umes in need of conservation treatment. Also received, and now available through Specialists from these and several other the Science Reading Room, was a complete divisions in the department participated in the set of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission review of the large Processing Services cata- research reports on microfiche (2,500 items). loging arrearage (about 230,000 items), an in- Among other similar acquisitions were a com- terdepartmental project coordinated by the plete set of U.S. Army Foreign Area Studies Collections Development Office. Hundreds -of Handbooks, covering more than a hundred Research Services staff hours are being de- countries, and a set of research studies of the voted to this continuing project. Institute of Aerospace Studies, University of Toronto, 1948-77, all on microfiche. Some other acquisitions in microform, Progress of the Inventory available through the Microform Reading Room, include the Congressional Record, 1789- 1919; the U.S. Serial Set, 1789-1925, now com- By the close of fiscal 1983, approximately 35 plete; Slavery Tracts and Pamphlets from the percent of the general collections had been West Indies Committee Collection; Pre-1900 inventoried. Classes completed during the Canadiana; International Population Census year were G (Geography-Anthropology), J Publications; and Papers of the Women's In- (Political Science), Q (Science], R (Medicine), ternational League for Peace and Freedom. and U (Military Science). In addition, the staff The number of newspaper titles currently completed 75 percent of class L (Education) acquired in archival-quality microfilm copies and 66 percent of class N (Fine Arts). At the through limited relief on copyright deposit end of the year class H (Social Sciences) was requirements grew to fifty-seven. This pro- begun. It is the largest single class, nearly two gram, which is saving the Library about million volumes, and will occupy the staff $25,000 per annum, also represents a saving to until late spring 1984. the publishers. The Serial Division also ac- The inventory continues to yield important quired a complete microfilm of El Siglo Diez y dividends to the Library. More than forty-five Nueve (Mexico City), 1841-96. For much of hundred linear feet of shelf space was emptied this period El Siglo is regarded as the national by the removal of some fifty thousand dupli- newspaper of Mexico. cate or otherwise dispensable volumes. More than fifty thousand obsolete or invalid charge slips were removed from the Central Charge MANAGEMENT OF COLLECTIONS File, making that file more efficient as well as up-to-date. The staff has also identified vol- The Asian Division and the African and Mid- umes now known to be missing from the dle Eastern Division continue to reap the collections. Although the number seems large, benefits of more nearly adequate space pro- forty-seven thousand for 1983, the percentage visions for their collections. Several projects is low and fairly constant for all classes, about which had been deferred because of stack 2 percent. One of the most encouraging results congestion were resumed or initiated. The of the inventory is its impact on the so-called Japanese Section, for example, was able to "Not on Shelf" rate (the percentage of re- identify nearly a thousand duplicates for requests which cannot be satisfied because the moval from the collection. The Near East requested item is not in its proper location at Section systematically reviewed its rarities the time of the request). For class Q, for ex- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

ample, the rate was down to 14 percent fol- Technology Division was the reorganization lowing the inventory, from a previous high of of the collection of technical reports in hard 31.5 percent. copy (most such reports are in microform). At its present pace, the inventory will not The domestic reports (about 150,000 in all) be completed according to the original esti- are now completely arranged, and more than mate, i.e., by the end of fiscal 1984. 10,000 duplicates have been discarded. The foreign reports (also about 150,000) are now broken down by country and partially by Relocations and Maintenance series and other controls. Approximately 25 percent of the foreign segment has been ar- The completion on February 9, 1983, of the ranged, sorted, and labeled. In the process moves of divisions into the Madison Building nearly 17,000 duplicates have been discarded. freed all deck areas for the shifts necessary The division also has shifted the microfiche to implement the master plan for the general technical reports collection to accommodate collections. Under this "encyclopedia plan," its growth. The collection now numbers about collections will be located in the buildings 750,000 microfiche. and, if possible, near the specialized reading The Geography and Map Division (G&M) rooms where their most frequent use is likely initiated and/or completed a number of major to occur. The movement of collections and the projects affecting control of the cartographic inventory are mutually related and mutually collections. One of these is the rare oriental beneficial. By the end of 1983, more than 5% map and atlas project, completed in February. million volumes had been relocated and re- A total of 348 maps and atlases were cata- aligned, approximately 47 percent of the gen- loged, with assistance from the Descriptive eral collections. Cataloging Division, Processing Services. An- Because of differences in collection growth notations for Chinese and Korean materials rates and other factors, it was necessary to were completed, with outside academic spe- exchange the contents of hays 3 and 4 in the cialists Sen Don Chang and Shannon McCune Landover Center Annex during the year. Bay providing assistance. When annotations are 3 is now occupied by the bound newspaper, completed for Japanese items, an annotated pamphlet, and "sample" collections of the bibliography of these rare maps and atlases Serial and Government Publications Division, will be ready for publication. and bay 4 by films and recordings in the cus- In addition to resuming responsibility for tody of the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and full initial review of name authorities for Recorded Sound Division. Plans are under map and atlas cataloging, G&M is now also way to enhance bay 4 for the storage of films. responsible for National Union Catalog (NUC) Other relocations completed during the year cartographic records received from participat- included the move of pre-1801 imprints from ing institutions. (The microfiche NUC offered deck 37 to the balconies above the Local His- for subsCription in September 1983 in com- tory and Genealogy Reading Room and the shifting of some Serial Division collections to puter output microform contains a separate prepare a secure storage area for the Federal registerhndex for maps, NUC: Cartographic Agencies Collection. Materials. It includes over 70,000 register entries-the entire MARC map file-on 121 microfiche with five separate indexes. Sub- Other Developments scribers will receive new cumulative indexes and additional registers quarterly.) A major accomplishment of the Science and In September the Prints and Photographs Research Services

Division (P&P) began its Washingtoniana Pro- tion. Three large political and governmental ject, supported by a grant from the Morris and collections will occupy the division in 1984: Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation. The division the papers of Sen. Edward Brooke, New Deal will survey, organize, and catalog its collec- figure Thomas Corcoran, and Chief Justice tions of photographs of Washington, D.C., an Earl Warren, whose papers will become avail- estimated 600,000 negatives and prints, and able at the end of 1984, ten years after his prepare a comprehensive guide to facilitate death. their use. The materials date from the earliest Processing activities in both the Music Di- known photographs of the city to those of the vision and the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, 1980s. In preparation for this project, 3,500 and Recorded Sound Division were affected photographs from the Horydczak Collection by preparations for the move to the Madison were sorted and processed. Building. The Music Division completed an There was also considerable activity in the inventory of all nonmusic manuscripts and collection documenting the Historic American special collections and devised an automated Buildings Survey (HABS), which is celebrat- card locater system for these collections. Be- ing its fiftieth anniversary in 1983. The Na- fore the move, all of class ML 96 (composers' tional Park Service sought to reduce its holographs) were reboxed and reorganized. backlog of architectural documentation by Of the special collections, the Koussevitzky increasing transfers to the Library during the Collection was the largest to be arranged and year, to be integrated into HABS files in P&P. reboxed, in 271 containers. A seventy-two- For its role in HABS, the Library of Congress page inventory of the collection was prepared, shared (with the National Park Service and revealing the presence of autograph letters the American Institute of Architects, its part- from almost every major composer and musi-

' ners in HABS) the Louise du Pont Crownin- cian of the twentieth century. Also arranged shield Award of the National Trust for Historic were the papers of the Arthur P. Schmidt Preservation, presented on May 6. Company, Arnold Schoenberg, and Charles The Rare Book and Special Collections and Ruth Crawford Seeger, which include Division increased its processing output from letters of Carl Sandburg, among others. about twenty-four hundred titles per year to Reports were prepared assessing the condi- four thousand, partly because of new pro- tion and care of the Dayton C. Miller Flute cedures designed to ensure receipt of printed Collection. To achieve needed improvements. cards at the earliest possible moment. For the some changes in procedures were instituted,, past three years a project has been under way and plans were formulated for the movement to describe the Library's pre-1601 Western of the collection to the Madison Building as manuscripts, most of which are housed in the an interim measure. Rare Book Division. In 1983 rare book cata- In addition to preparing move-related in- loger Svato Schutzner completed the first ventories of collections, the Motion Picture, phase of the project, covering Bibles and Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division books of hours. began use of its Nitrate Inventory System for The Manuscript Division devoted about half films. Phase I1 of the system was turned over its processing resources for the year to four to the division April 6. This is an inventory large collections: the personal papers of an- control system, not yet MARC-compatible. By thropologist Margaret Mead, federal judge year's end, approximately fifteen thousand Simon E. Sobeloff, and newspaper publisher records, representing some thirty-eight hun- Roy Howard (of Scripps-Howard) and the dred titles, had been input into the system, an records of the Works Progress Administra- average of about five hundred titles per week. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

PRESERVATION 1983, to join with the Research Libraries Group (RLG) in its three-year project-sup- The Preservation Office is engaged in several ported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation projects, the fallout from which may have -to film selected U.S. imprints published significant consequences for other. research from 1876 to 1900. For subject classes already libraries and for the world of scholarship. Of selected by RLG member libraries, the Library particular interest are the Optical Disk Pilot of Congress will defer filming of such imprints Project, the diethyl zinc mass deacidification in its regular preservation microfilming pro- program, and a cooperative microfilming proj- gram. Meanwhile the Library will devote ect with the Research Libraries Group. Sig- approximately 25 percent of its annual pro- nificant initiatives and progress occurred in duction to filming complementary materials, all three areas in 1983. i.e., in classes not selected by RLG members. The Optical Disk Pilot Program is a three- Third, ways will be sought to improve biblio- year effort to assess the feasibility and de: graphical control of master negatives to assist sirability of using optical digital disks as a outside libraries in maintaining awareness of preservation and storage medium for library the LC filming program. The Preservation materials. In 1983 a management plan was Microfilming Office will coordinate and rnon- developed and library staff assigned to vari- itor this cooperative effort with RLG. ous working groups. The Deputy Librarian is Another cooperative venture was the April in charge of the overall program, with Joseph 29 workshop entitled "Library Preservation: Price, chief of the Science and Technology The Administrative Challenge." Coordinated Division, serving as project manager and by the Preservation Office and the Resources Peter G. Sparks, director for preservation, as and Technical Services Division of the Amer- the principal technical adviser. Nearly a hun- ican Library Association, the conference at- dred staff members, from virtually every tracted sixty registrants from twenty-four department in the Library, are participating states, most of whom were assistant directors in project assessment and management, and of libraries or above. Two additional work- many more are incidentally involved in the shops are planned in succeeding years. In a work. parallel development, the Mellon Foundation The first large-scale run (5,000 books) in the awarded the Library $135,000 to support in- mass deacidification program was completed ternships in preservation administration and at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center on preservation science over the next three years. October 29, 1982. Although successful, the The Library also took significant traditional test revealed three special problems: marking steps to conserve its own collections and of covers ("the Tiffany effect"), uneven dis- those of other institutions. The county atlas tribution of zinc oxide in the page, and uneven project described in last year's report has top-to-bottom distribution of diethyl zinc in proved to be an unqualified success and will the chamber. These problems were addressed be completed earlier and at lower cost than throughout the year in a series of small runs originally estimated. The project also repre- (100 books), which permitted the Library and sents a new step, contracting for major con- Northrop Services, its contract partner in the servation services on a large scale. The work enterprise, to solve the problems. Design is being done under Preservation Office super- plans are under way for a large production vision by Heckman Binderies, one of the facility, to be constructed and put into opera- Library's regular binding suppliers. tion when funding permits. In anticipation of the bicentennial of the The Library of Congress agreed on June 7. Treaty of Paris ending the American Revolu- Research Services

tion, the National Archives sought technical They are the Performing Arts Reading Room assistance from the Library of Congress in (PARR), for service of music materials, re- restoring this document. The work was com- cordings, and ultimately some video; the pleted to the entire satisfaction of the adjacent Recorded Sound Reference Center; Archives. The Portuguese Map of the Americas and the Motion Picture and Television Read- and the Indies from the Teceira atlas, a docu- ing Room, for advanced study of film and mentary treasure from the Library's own television. The PARR and reference center collection, required extensive conservation opened in December and the film and tele- treatment in preparation for an exhibit in vision room in February. Suzanne Thorin, Portugal. In addition, forty musical manu- head of the Research Facilities Section, Gen- scripts of Johannes Brahms were given com- eral Reading Rooms Division, was detailed to plete conservation treatment and housing the Music Division from December through preparatory to the International Brahms Festi- February to oversee the opening of the PARR val and Conference in May 1983. and to assist division officers in establishing Production levels of the Binding Office in- routines in the new setting. creased this year, with 200,000 volumes being Work progressed toward establishment of transmitted for binding or rebinding. Of this a Social Science Reading Room in the Adams number, 23,000 volumes were sent for re- Building as a further implementation of the binding, the highest figure in the past three encyclopedia plan cited above. The reference years, partly an outgrowth of the inventory of collection was expanded and tailored toward the collections. Discussions and negotiations the needs of those most concerned with the were held concerning the will of the Congress social sciences. By 1984 most general collec- that the Government Printing Office assume tions in the Adams Building will be in science contract control over all government printing and technology and the social sciences. and binding. A six-month waiver was granted The inventory of the collections has also to permit GPO and the Library to confer be- resulted in improved service to readers. The fore issuance of a new contract. inventory staff have placed markers on the In May two mobile repair stations were put shelves wherever a book is missing, indicating into operation in custodial divisions, follow- its location if known. More specific informa- ing intensive training of the staff employed to tion regarding books "not on shelf" can thus provide on-site service. The stations eliminate be given to requesters in the Library's general the need to remove reference works or other reading rooms. When a missing book has been essential materials from divisions for long requested repeatedly, a replacement copy is periods of time while repair is accomplished ordered. and also reduce the associated paperwork. Cooperation among libraries in handling Much repair work is relatively simple and can reference inquiries helps all concerned. That be accomplished on-site. at least is the premise of the cooperative ref- The Preservation Microfilming Office pre- erence exchanges sponsored by the Library pared 3,500 titles for filming, representing and coordinated by the General Reading some 6l/2 million pages of text. Rooms Division, the third of which took place in September for western state librarians. On August 1 the Library of Congress and the SERVICES TO READERS National Library of Canada inaugurated an exchange of reference correspondence, using Three new facilities for readers became avail- electronic mail service. General reference in- able in 1983, all in the Madison Building. quiries are transmitted to the national library Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

of the inquirer, which responds directly to As usual, reference inquiries ranged from the patron. the current to the timeless, from the obvious Effective November 30, 1982, the NASA1 to the arcane. The elaborate hoax concerning RECON Search System was made available to the diaries of Adolf Hitler produced many the Library of Congress. This major system inquiries, particularly to the European Divi- contains more than two million references sion and to the Manuscript Division, where related to aeronautics and astronautics, in- there was renewed interest in the Captured cluding International Aerospace Abstracts German Documents Collection. A visit by a and Scientific and Technical Aerospace Re- Japanese journalist produced a lengthy article ports. The Science and Technology Division in a Japanese publication on one of the Asian (S&T)now has some sixty-three million refer- Division's rarities, an eighteenth-century com- ences available via a variety of information plete edition of an eleventh-century Genji systems for the benefit of its patrons. More monogatari (Tale of Genji). The producer of than a thousand transactions occurred with Gunsmoke, Wild Wild West, and How the these systems in 1983, over three-fourths of West Was Won examined maps of the Amer- them in response to reference inquiries to the ican West, with an eye toward future tele- S&T staff. The division also recorded an in- vision specials. Reproductions of several crease in overall reference activity, partly hundred images in the Prints and Photographs through the availability of the GOST stand- Division were ordered for a new Chinese edi- ards, mentioned above. tion of the Encyclbpaedia Britannica. More than 12,000 referral requests were answered by the National Referral Center (NRC), an increase of more than 25 percent over the previous year. In August alone, 1,650 Loan Division Activities requests were answered-a single-month high for the division. The NRC traces some of the In order to improve service to Congress, the increased awareness of its services to an Loan Division instituted several new pro- article in USA Today on January 24, as well as cedures, including an electronic mail link other attention in the media. A number of with offices in the House of Representatives. visitors came to NRC for specific information Since more than 95 percent of congressional or to study its methods of operation, among loan requests are ordinarily transmitted by them scientific or technical counselors from telephone, the new system avoids some of the the embassies of Finland, East and West Ger- pitfalls of voice transmission, making trans- many, Sweden, and Switzerland and informa- mission and response virtually instantaneous. tion specialists from Brazil, Egypt, France, The division has also modified its guidelines Great Britain, and Saudi Arabia. Erika von on telephone requests generally, to ensure pri- Briinken of the Medical Information Center ority for congressional requests. at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, "in- The division has also sought to reduce the terned" at NRC for three weeks. interval for congressional borrowers whose The number of readers using the News- requests must be placed on the waiting list. paper and Current Periodical Reading Room For titles of high public interest, there may in 1983 increased by more than 30 percent, be many more congressional requests than to 163,156. Increases were also noted in all the Library can fill from copies acquired other categories of service, an experience for its permanent collections. (For example, in similar to that in other reading rooms during 1983 there were eighty congressional requests their first full years in the Madison Building. for Megatrends by Robert Naisbitt.) In 1983, Research Services

therefore, the division was allotted a 100 per- Performing Arts Library cent increase in funds to purchase additional reading copies (up to twenty-five for some titles) for congressional borrowers. As a re- The staff of the Performing Arts Library sult, the waiting period for such popular ma- has begun to compile an inventory of the terials was reduced by one-third to one-half. archives of the John F. Kennedy Center for It was reported last year that the division the Performing Arts, the partner of the Li- had established electronic mail links with the brary of Congress in this joint project. Ma- Pacific Northwest Bibliographical Center, now terials in the archives date from the 1950s to succeeded by the University of Washington the mid-1970s and are now available for Resource Sharing Program in Seattle. The access with special permission. The archives University of British Columbia in Vancouver contain business and artistic records, posters, and the National Library of Canada in Ottawa photographs, programs, and the like. are now also linked to the Loan Division to Reference activities increased overall, with facilitate transfer of requests from major net- a 7 percent rise in the number of readers (to work centers in locations from which mail 18,437), a strong endorsement of the change requests might easily take several days. Other in hours of service announced in last year's "connections" are in the talking stage. report. The major exhibit of the year in PAL The disparity between the number of items was "The Kiralfy Bros. Present . . . ," a dis- lent by the Library and the number borrowed play of posters from American theatrical is enormous, and the emphasis in reports on spectacles presented by the Hungarian immi- Loan Division activities is traditionally upon grant entrepreneurs in the late nineteenth and the service the division supplies to others. early twentieth centuries. Among those at- In 1983, for example, the Library lent 146,246 tracted to the exhibit were descendants of the items and borrowed 450. Still, the system is Kiralfy brothers from as far away as Illinois not just a one-way street. For example, the and Florida. project to describe pre-1601 Western manuscripts, mentioned earlier, required a volume not in the Library of Congress collections, and PUBLICATIONS a Senate committee needed audiocassettes of a symposium on the disease AIDS. Both were In midsummer the Library published the long- secured on interlibrary loan. awaited Perspectives on John Philip Sousa, a Requests from congressional and library collection of seven essays on various aspects borrowers increased slightly for the year of Sousa's accomplishments, edited by Jon while those from federal libraries declined. Newsom, assistant chief of the Music Divi- On March 1, the Loan Division inaugurated sion. Also published was Three Masters: The the automated circulation operation known as Stringed Instrument Collection in the Library the Integrated Library System (ILS), ref erred of Congress, by Rembert Herbert. to in last year's report. ILS will permit the Human Rights in Latin America, 1964-1980, division to create bibliographic and patron compiled by Patricia Fagen, is an annotated records and will assist in generation of over- bibliography of books and articles on a sub- due notices, recalls, and circulation statistics. ject of timely interest. It was one of the last ILS is considered an interim system pending publications with which William E. Carter implementation of an integrated Library of was associated. Dr. Carter oversaw its prepa- Congress automated system for circulation ration and wrote a foreword. Several bibli- control. ographies were compiled by officers and staff Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

of the European Division, on such subjects the American Bibliography of Slavic and East as Carl Schun, Jan Ignacy Paderewski, the European Studies for 1980. The ninth volume tricentennial of German immigration, and the of Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774-1789 Siege of Vienna. George Selim compiled a was published. bibliography on the Arabs in the United States Richard Ellmann's centennial lecture on and a supplement to his American Doctoral James Joyce was issued as a pamphlet in the Dissertations on the Arab World for the years Whittall literary series. Although not pub- 1975-81. lished by the Library, reprints of a biograph- Brief bibliographical or reference guides ical appreciation of Archibald MacLeish, represented much of the effort of Research Librarian of Congress from 1939 to 1944, were Services staff in 1983. Staff members from distributed to many friends of Mr. MacLeish several divisions, predominantly the General and of the Library. Written by the Assistant Reading Rooms Division, compiled thirty Librarian for Research Services, the tribute reading lists for the Library of CongressICBS had appeared in the American Philosophical Television "Read More About It" series. The Society Yearbook for 1982. Science and Technology Division issued Another kind of publication issued in 1983 eleven new Tracer Bullets on such subjects was the reissue of a number of the Library's as sickle cell anemia, biofeedback, and extra- popular recordings, such as American Sea terrestrial life. More than two hundred thou- Songs and Shanties, a two-record set, and sand Tracer Bullets have been distributed Songs of the Chippewa. An Album of Modern over the past eleven years. One title was Poetry is now being offered in a box of three issued in the Hispanic Focus series, one in the cassettes, and a new %-inch videocassette, Near East series [on Arab oil), two in the Preservation Technology in the Library of Maktaba Afrikana series, one in the Africana Congress, has been purchased' by nineteen Directions series, and five in the National Re- other libraries. ferral Center's new Who Knows? series. For all the titles cited, almost as many more Arthur G. Renstrom completed his trilogy of could be listed of guides, finding aids, "how reference aids to the study of the Wright to find" pamphlets, etc. Research Services brothers with Wilbur 6. Orville Wright: Pic- staff members were thus active during 1983 torial Materials. in preparing materials designed to further Elisabeth Betz's guide to cataloging graphic advanced research and to assist the novice in materials, reported last year, was followed by making full use of the Library's resources. a companion volume for manuscripts by Steven Hensen, Archives, Personal Papers, Manuscripts: A Cataloging Manual. ...Here- tofore unreported in these pages is the PUBLIC PROGRAMS COPAR Newsletter (Cooperative Preservation of Architectural Records) published quarterly The major public event of the year was the and widely distributed to architectural his- International Brahms Festival and Confer- torians. It is edited by Mary Ison of the Prints ence, May 3-8, the most ambitious scholarly/ and Photographs Division. artistic venture ever undertaken by the Music New titles appeared in continuing bibliog- Division. Large audiences at the Library raphies for which Research Services staff heard lectures by such scholars as Karl have principal responsibility: volume 43 of Geiringer, Boris Schwan, Edward Cone, and the Handbook of Latin American Studies, Ludwig Finscher and performances by so- volume 12 of the Antarctic Bibliography. and prano Elly Ameling, pianists Dalton Baldwin Research Services

and.Detlef Kraus, violinist Gidon Kremer, and by the brilliant English actress Prunella Scales. clarinetist Richard Stoltzman, among others. The spring schedule indeed had a British cast The conference was organized by George to it, with a lecture and reading by former Bozarth of the University of Washington in consultant in poetry Stephen Spender, a lec- cooperation with Music Division staff. Im- ture by playwright Tom Stoppard, and a mediately following the festival, the Interna- lecture by Richard Ellmann, "Oscar Wilde at tional Association of Music Librarians held Oxford," the second in his series of four an- its triennial congress in Washington, with nual lectures on Irish writers. Another former three sessions at the Library. Many of the consultant, William Jay Smith, returned with Library's Brahms treasures were on display a dramatization of his autobiographical Army throughout May. Brat. Still another former consultant, Robert Another musical highlight was the second Lowell, was the subject of the annual lecture Summer Chamber Festival, June 14-28. The by the present consultant in poetry, Anthony series, offered free for broadcast to public Hecht. Mr. Hecht, who will return to the Li- radio stations, attracted eighty-one subscrip- brary for a second term, 1983-84, won the tions, the largest number in Library history. Bollingen Prize in Poetry during the year.

In addition to the Brahms celebration, one ' Other notable programs were a reading from other anniversary was commemorated: the work in progress by Ralph Ellison and a lec- 250th anniversary of Franz Joseph Haydn, ture by Donald Barthelme. A list of literary . marked by a lecture by H. C. Robbins Landon programs appears in appendix 13. and a performance by the Amad6 Trio. On August 2 a rousing outdoor concert by the U.S. Marine Band celebrated the publication of Perspectives on John Philip Sousa. It Other Programs was a labor of love for the band, which had been under Sousa's direction in the nineteenth All four Area Studies divisions sponsored century. Among those in attendance was John special commemorative and/or scholarly Philip Sousa 111. events in 1983. The European Division was Both resident ensembles were televised by especially active in this respect, with a cen- WETA-TV during the year: the Juilliard Quar- tennial symposium on Giuseppe Garibaldi tet, with guitarist Eliot Fisk, on October 31 December 6, a tricentennial symposium June 3 and November 5, 1982, and the Beaux Arts on German immigration to the United States, Trio on February 27, 1983. Once more the and a symposium September 28 on Edward D. number of concerts offered set a record. A Dekker (Multatuli), all in cooperation with complete list appears in appendix 13. appropriate foreign embassies. The last-named event was cosponsored by the Asian Division. The African and Middle Eastern Division Literary Programs marked the centennial of Kahlil Gibran with a symposium on Arab-American literature. The Hispanic Division also sponsored four events. Sixteen literary programs in the Library's Such public events call to the attention of regular series were presented, two of them scholars the Library's special resourres for joint literary and musical presentations: "Mu- area studies, sic in Tudor and Stuart England," by the As indicated above, the Library has re- Deller Consort, October 18, and "An Evening ceived an important group of caricatures and with Queen Victoria," April 5, a tour de force satiric drawings through the generosity of the Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

estate of Caroline and Erwin Swann, along In addition to the exhibition in the Oval with a sizable endowment fund to care for Gallery of satire and caricature from the and augment the collection. On November 29, Swann Collection, cited above, the Prints and the Library opened the first exhibition from Photographs Division (P&P)was active in sup- the Swann collection in the handsome oval plying material for Library-wide exhibits. gallery on the sixth floor of the Madison "Currier and Ives Revisited," which opened Building. The artists featured were David in December in the Great Hall of the Jefferson Levine, Robert Osborn, and Edward Sorel. Building, featured forty-nine prints exempli- All three artists were present for the occasion fying the variety of output of the famous firm, and, following the opening, discussed their selected by Bernard Reilly. Late in the year, philosophies, methods, and working habits outside the ceremonial office of the Librarian before an invited audience in the new Prints of Congress in the Jefferson Building, a dis- and Photographs Reading Room. play honoring former Librarians of Congress was installed, with materials selected by Bev- erly Brannan of the P&P staff. Stills, reproductions, and theatrical posters were placed Exhibits on display outside the Mary Pickford Theater, mentioned earlier. The first exhibition in the Geography and Map Small, specialized exhibits were mounted Division's exhibit space in the Madison Build- in connection with some of the public pro- ing, "Panoramic Maps of North American Cit- grams mentioned above, including those cele- ies," opened on November 18. The curator, brating the tricentennial of German immigra- Patrick Dempsey, has also revised the Li- gration and the Brahms sesquicentenary. brary's published checklist of panoramic maps. The division's second exhibit was "Railroad Maps of North America," with Andrew Modelski as curator. Another major carto- STAFF ACTIWTIES graphic exhibit, "Mapping the North American Plains," (Ralph Ehrenberg, curator) opened August 10 on the sixth floor of the Madison The Democratic Movement in Italy, 1830-1876 Building. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, An exhibit of wide public interest, one of 19821, by Clara M. Lovett, chief of the Euro- four mounted during the year by the Rare pean Division, received the Howard R. Mar- Book and Special Collections Division, was raro Prize of the Society for Italian Historical "The Philadelphia Connection," celebrating Studies. The director for area studies, the relationship between the Philadelphia Warren M. Tsuneishi, received the Asian/ bookman, A. S. W. Rosenbach and the Li- Pacific American Librarians Association Dis- brary's greatest rare book donor, Lessing J: tinguished Service Award for his contribu- Rosenwald. Shown first in the Rosenbach tions to Asian studies. He also became Museum in Philadelphia, in honor of Mrs. chairman of the International Relations Round Rosenwald's ninetieth year, it appeared in the Table of ALA. Library, slightly altered, in honor of the for- James H. Hutson, chief of the Manuscript tieth anniversary of the first Rosenwald gift Division, succeeded John C. Broderick as the to the Library of Congress. Both exhibits Library's representative on the National His- were prepared by Kathleen Hunt, curator of torical Publications and Records Commission. the Library's Rosenwald Collection. John A. Wolter, chief of the Geography and Research Services

Map Division, completed his service as Li- Basic Workload brary of Congress member and chairman of the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. He was More than one million readers were served in succeeded on the board by Ralph E. Ehren- 1983, an increase of more than 14 percent berg, assistant chief. Frank Carroll, head of over the preceding year. Most of the increase the Newspaper Section, Serial and Govern- was in the general reading rooms and in the ment Publications Division, conducted three Prints and Photographs Division. Of the gen- training sessions in newspaper cataloging as eral reading rooms, the Newspaper and Cur- part of the U.S. Newspaper Program for rep- rent Periodical Reading Room registered the resentatives of institutions associating them- largest increase in readership-more than 30 selves with the project. Agnes Ferruso of the percent. The Prints and Photographs Division, same division has been designated the Li- in its first full year in the Madison Building. brary's liaison with the ALA Government reported an increase of 27 percent. Other spe- Documents Round Table. Peter Vanwingen cial reading rooms in the Madison Building was elected secretary of the Bibliographical reported slight declines. Of the other Research Society of America. John HBbert, assistant Service divisions, only the African and Middle chief of the Hispanic Division, assumed the Eastern Division reported a significant change presidency of the Seminar on the Acquisition -an increase of 10 percent. of Latin American Library Materials for More than two million volumes or other 1983-84. Joseph Price, chief of the Science and units were circulated within the Library. Of Technology Division, was named overall proj- these. approximately one-half were served in ect director for the Library's Optical Disk Pilot general reading rooms. More than 185,000 Program. He also became chairman of the volumes were circulated outside the Library IFLA section on science and technology librar- to special borrowers, an increase of 23 per- ies. Elizabeth Stroup, director for general cent. There was also a marked upturn in reference, conducted a workshop on reference preservation activities of various kinds, service for the North Carolina Library Asso- The National Referral Center improved its ciation in October and represented the Library currency (the proportion of entries recently at a conference on online public catalogs approved or drafted by the resource described) sponsored by the Council on Library Re- to 98 percent. As reported above, its requests sources in December. increased by more than 26 percent. Law Library

As legal resource center for Congress and for were added to the staff, which stood at the the federal government as a whole, the Law equivalent of ninety-seven full-time positions Library does many things, but nothing so ex- at year's end. emplifies its diversity as the research and Another trend, no doubt observed through- reference work it undertakes. The record of out the Library, was an increase in computer- the past year was perhaps an extreme ex- . assisted research. Not all printout statistics ample. Questions came in from Congress for for Congress are kept, but in the branch Law immediate answers and long-term counseling Library in the Capitol, which serves only con- on the case of the four American women mur- gressional offices, 319 searches were made, dered in El Salvador, the history of sover- yielding 5,295 entries. In addition to searches eignty over the Falkland Islands, and the in support of congressional and agency re- international law aspects of the Soviet down- search projects, the staff used its LEXIS, ing of Korean Airlines flight 007. Then there NEXIS, LEGIS (the House Information Sys- were questions from other patrons, such as: tems), and Library of Congress data bases to "What are the two longest laws in the United ' provide noncongressional users with printouts States?" "Did Napoleon really decree that no containing some 2,400 entries. portraits of his wife could appear with any The use of microtext materials also in- other male figures?" and "What was the origin creased, with the number of requests in the of National Peach Week?" In between mch Law Library Microtext Reading Room averag- questions, it was generally a year of steady, ing between fifteen and twenty daily. Micro- heavy workloads for the Law Library's thirty- format materials have proven especially three foreign law specialists, with many of convenient for readers researching legislative the daily requests requiring a detailed under- histories or legislation found in foreign law standing of complex areas such as taxation gazettes. and other legal-economic topics. Significant progress was made in the online The diversity of subjects was matched by updating of one of the Hispanic Law Divi- the volume of work performed. The overall sion's basic research tools, the Index to Latin total of research and reference activity was American Legislation. Overall book retrieval nearly 30 percent above last year's figures, was given a boost by the online inputting of with congressional requests rising by 22 per- full shelflist call numbers for books still shelf- cent and federal agency requests by 22.6 listed in the "LAW" class and of a guide to the percent. Reference specialists and librarians location of the huge subbasement stack colin the Law Library Reading Room, divisions, lection, the site of the bulk of the Law Library's and branch Law Library in the Capitol pro- collection. Both developments should help to vided 33 percent more service than in the past cut staff and public research and retrieval year, and telephone service rose by 18 per- time. cent. Twenty-seven percent more letters were written than the year before. Over a two-year SERVICES TO CONGRESS period there has been an overall 100 percent Research Reports rise in the number of research and reference services delivered, while only two positions Congressional requests take precedence over Law Library

all other assignments in the Law Library, and laws giving tax credits to their businesses during the year's tense international situations when those companies hold conventions in Congress needed the full range of the Law the United States; methods foreign coun- Library's services on numerous occasions. In tries use to tax income earned by their the murder case of the four American women citizens while working abroad; foreign tax in El Salvador, the Hispanic Law Division credit for gross interest on withholding worked closely with congressional staff over taxes onforeign loans; major provisions of several months in exploring Salvadoran crimi- the estate tax law of several countries; nal proceedings, especially trial by jury, evi- income tax filing procedures and criminal dence, appeals, prosecuting, and private penalties for violations; government incen- parties. Numerous related aspects were also tives-including tax incentives-for phi- covered in briefings and reports, including lanthropy; and the history of Canada's judicial review, judicial reform, election law, income tax indexing, and overviews of the judicial system and criminal procedure. Economics and Business: Tariff laws of As a result of the Anglo-Argentine war other countries that promote high tech- over the Falklands, a lengthy background nology; application procedures for export paper on the sovereignty issue was written in licenses for foreign exporters; bank se- the Office of the Law Librarian. Specialists crecy laws; taxation of imports to provide in several divisions were called on in the social-security-type programs; tobacco aftermath of the Soviet destruction of the industry regulations (such as those apply- - Korean airliner to report on relevant aspects ing to labeling, marketing, and advertising); of international law as it affected their antitrust laws; misleading advertisement jurisdictions. regulations in certain British common- At the same time, the Law Library's special- wealth countries; transborder data flow ists examined and reported on the usual wide regulation in Great Britain; and monetary range of concerns that Congress elicited from standards in Mexico. them. Economic issues are most often next in line behind whatever crisis issues take the 0 Government: Rules and procedures for spotlight. Congressional interest was keen in making laws; quorum procedural rules in Japan's role as a major iadustrial nation, eco- foreign countries; campaign finance laws; nomic competitor, and Western ally. Japan's merit systems for public employees in temporary measures to stabilize certain de- NATO countries; compulsory voting; pressed industries and its import-export law budgetary procedures in the British Parlia- were of specific interest, as were Canada's ment; executive privilege in Great Britain; petroleum export law, Ireland's law on busi- , official secrets law in Great Britain; civil ness closings, real estate law in Greece, and service in Egypt, Israel, and Turkey; postal income tax incentives in Saudi Arabia. regulations in Afghanistan, Iran, Liberia, The reports prepared for Congress by the and Turkey; and blocking statutes which Law Library are for congressional use only, governments use to prevent the disclosure unless cleared for wider distribution by the of information and documents requested original requester. The following topics were by foreign courts. among those covered in the 1,093reports written for Congress during fiscal 1983: Courts: The number of judges, court of last resort, mandatory or discretionary review, [7 Taxation: Caribbean and Central American standards for granting review, caseload, Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

rule-making power, and measures to quiring a percentage of domestic bulk streamline and expedite courts' workloads commodities to be carried in flag vessels; in several foreign countries; and habeas implementing legislation to The Hague corpus and due process in Peru. Service and Evidence conventions; countries granting reciprocity in owning real Human Rights: Laws affecting emigration property; powers of military commanders from Romania; rights of illegitimate chil- to detain or confine troops as an outcome dren; imposition of border crossing taxes; of nonjudicial disciplinary proceedings in apartheid laws and judicial review in war or peace in Europe. South Africa; whether or not the Polish Constitution guarantees food and employment to the Polish people; the Czecho- Translations slovak law on confiscation of inheritance rights of persons who have left the country The staff produced twenty-eight translations illegally; martial law in Turkey; strip (totaling 158 pages) for the Congress, among searches in Northern Ireland; and the his- them foreign laws, legal documents, and other ' tory of Great Britain's sovereignty claim materials that were often related to pending over Northern Ireland. legislation and policy formulation. Particularly significant this year were translations relating Health: The use of heroin in the treatment to the judicial system of El Salvador and the of terminally ill patients; health and safety Tonband decision of the German Bundes- rules governing the use of asbestos; drink- gerichtshof. ing age laws; partial or total decriminaliza- tion of drug use; and toxic waste and water pollution in Mexico. Reference and Bibliographic Se~ces Criminal: The legal status of abortion; in- Reference service provided by the staff in the volvement of courts in the process of Law Library Reading Room, the Law Library "noninquiry" in extradition; wiretapping in the Capitol, and the divisional offices to- and electronic surveillance; search and taled 362,760 direct reader questions, a 33 seizure laws relating to national security; percent increase over fiscal 1982. As readers the German law on annoying or obscene do not usually identify themselves, the Law phone calls; whether or not armor-piercing Library is unable to keep accurate statistics bullets are limited to police use; and the on the number of congressional staff given criminality status of homosexuals in reference assistance yearly. There was a 17.4 Ireland. percent increase in the number of bibliographies compiled for Congress. Miscellaneous: Territorial waters and fish- ing zones in the Ivory Coast, Mauritania, Briefings and Senegal; Iranian laws on residency and exit permits; cable copyright laws in Congressional staff are briefed by phone or in Canada and Mexico on license fees paid to person when the need for information and holders of American copyrights; preserva- legal counseling requires the flexibility of tion of historic shipwrecks; laws governing an in-person question-and-answer exchange, sunken treasure in Colombia; registration when a request is urgent, or when a member of foreign films; cargo preference laws re- of Congress needs specially tailored presenta- Law Library

tions before embarking on a foreign fact-find- number of entries increased even more , ing tour. Many such briefings were held over sharply, from 8,289 to 22,423. Telephone ser- the year, including those regarding the situa- vice to our colleagues in other government tion in El Salvador and the other crises men- offices also rose, from 20,950 to 24,210, and tioned above and others on such topics as the service to all patrons increased quite notice- military, procurement, and import laws of ably, from 54,525 to 67,640. Turkey. The Law Library had the opportunity to A formal briefing program providing basic assist the work of the American Enterprise information about the Law Library and its Institute Conference on Constitution-Making. services and including tours of the facilities ' Several divisions compiled foreign constitu- is operated by the Law Library Reading Room tions and constitutional law materials for the reference staff. This program presented an project. overview of the Law Library to 242 congres- Requests from the Department of Justice for sional staff from 163 offices and committees expert witness testimony or consultation re- during the past year. The aim of this program quired the services of two legal specialists is first to let Congress know that the Law from the American-British Law Division. Library exists and then to describe the variety Stephen Clarke went to Colorado in a case of its research and reference services, empha- involving the law of the Cayman Islands, and size the importance of the foreign law collec- Krishan Nehra went to Michigan and Alaska tion and of the availability of expert legal in two separate cases involving various laws specialist assistance, and underscore the con- of India. venience of the facilities in the Law Library One of the constants in the Law Library's in the Capitol. Briefings and tours of the sub- research for government agencies is the work basement compact stacks, the world's largest, done on questions of private law status in. were also provided by the Processing Section cases of foreign marriage, divorce, adoption, for visiting dignitaries, law clerks, law librar- and legitimation. Cases of this type came from ians, and other Library of Congress employees. all parts of the globe, from Paraguay to Ni- geria to the People's Republic of China. The agencies dealing with these kinds of questions, such as the Immigration and Naturaliza- SERVICES TO GOVERNMENT AND OTHER tion Service of the Department of Justice, NONCONGRESSIONAL USERS have offices around the country, but have no means to duplicate the Law Library's foreign Requests from such patrons as government law collections or staff to extricate the rele- agencies, the courts, the White House, law- vant provisions. Almost all of the pertinent yers, university professors, prisoners, inter- laws are in the vernacular, and they often national organizations, foreign governments, involve more than one legal system in one students, and the general public resulted in an country, such as civil law and customary or increasing number of special research reports religious law. Questions this year concerned and informational and reference services. Re- proxy marriage and divorce in Iran; marriage search studies for government requesters and legitimation in Somalia, Sierra Leone, and went up from 700 to 855, with the total num- Hong Kong; custody and adoption of children ber of pages increasing by over 5,000. A in Uganda and Peru; Muslim divorce by similar pattern occurred in the bibliographies power of attorney; divorce in Bangladesh and produced during the year. The number com- Macao; bigamy by non-Muslims in Syria; piled increased from 205 to 355, but the total legitimation in the Cayman Islands, Barbados, Report of-TheLibrarian of Congress, 1983

and the Canary Islands; Hindu marriage in questions as regulation of the cattle industry Guyana; and the betrothal of children in India. (from Argentina), liability of the federal gov- Other noncongressional patrons received ernment for injury to civilian property by help in the following areas, among others: state aircraft (Australia), television coverage electronic monitoring under Greek law; uni- of House proceedings (Ireland), and judicial versal military service law in Poland; Polish control over executive discretionary power decrees of the thirteenth and fifteenth cen-' (Turkey). turies relevant to human rights; domicile and Similarly, the press and other noncongres- property rights of married w.omen in Nigeria;, sional patrons asked such reference questions recognition of a Dominican Republic divorce as: in Spain and South Africa; divorce and remar- Which amendments to the U.S. Constitution riage of converted Muslims in Lebanon; a list- did Maryland fail to ratify? ing of the basic codes for Middle Eastern and Has an administrative government official Far Eastern countries; forms of partnership ever been charged with contempt of Congress? and dissolution of corporations in the former What House Members have been stripped Republic of Vietnam; criminal procedure in of committee seats for party disloyalty? Kenya; perfection of security agreements in What state courts admit polygraph tests Canada; property exemptions under the bank- into evidence? ruptcy law of Jamaica; nationality and de- Is congressional immunity unconstitutional? portation in Angola; registration of vessels in Has Inauguration Day ever been held on a Honduras; and presumption of death under Sunday? canon law. How many laws contain a legislative veto The federal judiciary receives expedited provision? service through the Law Library's Pilot Proj- What is the community propertiy regime in ect, and this past year judges across the Libya? country received research and bibliographies What is the Iranian law governing intestate on such subjects as Bahamian law on the dis- inheritance on the collection of bank deposits? solution of tenancies in common, a definition and procedures for nostrification of foreign degrees in the United States, and a report of LEGAL INDEXES AND PUBLICATIONS those states with "long arm statutes." National gazettes of foreign countries are the One very important request came from a basic sources of many laws, regulations, and, member of the judiciary concerning a case in certain instances, court reports and treaties. before the Federal District Court of Delaware Keeping these sources complete and up-to- that dealt with oil concessions in Ecuador. date is a constant challenge. A part-time em- Rubens Medina, chief of the Hispanic Law ployee assigned to the continuing automation Division, was asked for advice on the law and of the Index to Latin American Legislation the meaning of equity in Ecuador in this mat- generated 3,406 records, fhus helping to ug- ter, which will eventually involve millions date the indexes for Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, of dollars when settled, as is often true of Chile, Costa Rica, and Ecuador. Plans are pending cases in which the staff's counsel is under way to further streamline the editing sought. and inputting of draft laws into this file, Requests for information on American law which includes twenty Latin American coun- were received from Argentina, Australia, tries as well as Portugal and her former Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, Japan, Korea, possessions. Syria, Taiwan, and Turkey and involved such Indexing continued for the countries of Law Library

Africa, the Middle East, and some Far Eastern The last two publications were "country nations. The Index to Latin American Periodi- law" studies prepared for the Department of cals, with annotations, was also continued, in the Navy, Office of the Judge Advocate Gen- card form. eral, and were part of a series of such studies The Law Library contracted with Cbncep- for the Navy, Army, and Air Force to assist cibn de Montagut, a Spanish lawyer, to survey American military personnel stationed abroad. a previously uncataloged collection of seven- Law Library publications, available free of teenth-century Spanish legal documents. Ap- charge while the limited stock lasts, are proximately one-half of these documents, printed irregularly, and new titles are ad- some of which are in Spanish dialects and vertised in the Library of Congress Informa- others in Latin, were processed and prepared tion Bulletin and in the Update newsletter for microfilming. Among the documents Ms. circulated to Congress by the Congressional de Montagut has uncovered are an ordinance Research Service. Some 2,770 free publica- of March 1, 1641, issued by the City of Sara- tions were distributed. gosa to adopt rules of criminal procedure, and a handwritten copy of the acts of the court held by King Alfonso IX (the Wise) in the village of Madrid. The documents surveyed COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT thus far include mostly briefs, but laws, regulations, legal opinions, and notarial instru- The number of volumes added to the perma- ments have also been found. In addition to nent collection totaled 91,927; of these 52,040 Spanish materials, there are documents from were volumes of gazettes and Israeli material Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Puerto Rico. transferred from the general collection. With Some of the Colombian material dates from 3,508 volumes having been discarded, the net 1821, when Simbn Bolivar led the country in growth of the collection was 88,409. This fig- its struggle for independence. ure brought the Law Library's holdings to a The Law Library produced six publications total of 1,773,915 volumes, during the year, which was one less than the Among the items added, 22,287 volumes number issued in fiscal 1982, but the total were classed in Kt Jl-9, JX (except for 1305- page output increased slightly. The following 1999), and 17,600 volumes were classed in titles all appeared in the latter half of the fis- "LAW" and shelflisted by the Law Library cal year: (including 6,362 serials and 287 briefs). The Austrian Law on Extradition and Mu- In addition, 2,052 reels of microfilm and tual Assistance in Criminal Matters, by Edith 14,503 sheets of fiche brought the total hold- Palmer. ings in those microformats to 28,887 reels and Czechoslovak Private international Law, by 563,337 fiche. George E. Glos. Kenya: Law of Criminal Procedure, by Charles Mwalimu. Gifts Mauritius: Law of Criminal Procedure, by Carleton W. Kenyon. The Law Library was pleased to have received The People's Republic of China: A Bibliog- a copy of the Codex Iuris Canonici, the latest raphy of Selected English-Language Legal Ma- enactment of His Holiness Pope John Paul 11, terials, compiled by Jeanette L. Pinard. who further honored us by personally inscrib- Turkey: Law on Legitimacy, by Belma ing this gift. The significance of the Codex, Bayar. issued on January 25, 1983, and entering into Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

force November 27,1983, stems from its direct peninsula but in all areas under Spanish effect on the lives of hundreds of millions of domain. Catholics around the world and its possible The Law Library was also fortunate to have indirect influence on other religious percep- purchased an exceptionally rare book of legal tions as well. This new code will most cer- forms, entirely in manuscript, originating in tainly be a focal point of study for theologians Talbot County, Maryland. This valuable and other scholars concerned with canon law. source of legal Americana was produced be- As a gesture of gratitude for assistance tween 1690 and 1706 by different county rendered him by the Law Library, Prof. Don- clerks, including two county court clerks, ald T. Wilson of Loyola Law School in Los Thomas Gladman and Robert Finley, whose Angeles donated $100 to be used toward the signatures appear in the work several times. expansion of the Islamic legal collection. The forms are in Latin and English, including some in Old English script, and consist of various oaths, indictments, licenses, practice Selection and Acquisition texts, etc. Containing approximately 160 pages and retaining its original leather and boards, Law Library recommending officers reviewed the manuscript belonged for many years to selected areas of the collection more exten- John B. Kerr, a member of the House during sively and scanned almost seven thousand the 1850s and a descendant of John Leeds, lists and offers in order to make final pur- who is recorded as its owner in 1734. chase recommendations. The number of lists The Schola Juris Litteraris was also ac- scanned rose by 41.3 percent over last year's quired during the past year. This very rare total. As a result, several rare and valuable first edition is the work of Karl Ferdinand manuscripts were acquired. Hommel (1722-1781), a professor at the Uni- Of great importance for researchers in His- versity of Leipzig and a well-known legal panic legal history, the Ordenamiento de bibliographer. Printed by Langenheim in Leip- Alcal6, a rare and valuable volume, was writ- zig in 1758, this thirty-one-page bibliography ten by two scribes of C6rdoba for Juan Gomez, constitutes Hommel's survey of juridical lit- Accountant of the King and Auditor of the erature with introductory remarks on the Royal Chamber of Accounts, ca. 1390-1400. proper classification of legal writings. The The volume, with its flourish initials in red author divides legal literature into a number and blue ink, is a compilation of laws and of basic areas such as civil, canon, and crim- opinions consisting of the Ordenamiento Real inal law and lists the ,important sources de Alcal6 des Henares, promulgated by Al- ("fontes") in each field. fonso XI of Castile in 1348; the Ordenamiento Another first edition acquired was De jure de las Cortes de Briviesca, of 1387; the Leyes salinarum, tum veteri tum hodierno liber sin- de la Margarita; the Libro de las sumas de Ios gularis, by Johann Heinrich Jung (1715-1799). dichos del Maestro Jacobo (Jacobo Ruiz, 13th Printed at Gottingen in 1743, this study deals cent.); and the Fuero y Privilegio of the city of with the laws and regulations governing the Cbrdoba, of 1241. It was through this enact- salt works in Germany from the time of the ment, compiled in the reign of Alfonso X be- Roman Empire through the early eighteenth tween 1256 and 1265, that the famous Law century. It has 272 pages, including some re- Code of the Siete Partidas came into force. prints of original documents. The Ordenamiento and the Siete Partidas In regard to current acquisitions, several have been the most influential sources of early important purchases added to the holdings in Spanish legal culture, not only on the Iberian African and Middle Eastern jurisdictions: the Law Library

Encyclopkdie juridique de I'Afrique, a ten- Collection Access, Organization, and volume set covering the law of French- Maintenance speaking countries in sub-Saharan Africa; al-Mawsii'ah al-Qa'niiniyah al-Iriiqiyah, an Several projects completed during the year Iraqi legal encyclopedia in nineteen volumes enhanced retrieval of law holdings. with an index; and the Moroccan Encyclopedia The Law Library's subscription list for peri- of Court Decisions and Legislation, al-Mawsii'- odicals was reviewed twice during the year ah al-Maghribiyah fial-Qada' wa al-Tashri, in and extensive revisions were made, including twenty-five volumes. Nine more volumes of cancellation of dead orders, reduction in the Mawsii'at al-Tashda't al-Arabiyah (Encyclo- number of copies purchased, and vendor pedia of Arab Legislation) were received. changes. Other valuable purchases include volumes 1, Workflow changes were coordinated with 5, 6, and 8 of the Commercial Laws of the the Subject Cataloging Division and the Deci- Middle East, compiled by Allen P. K. Kesee. ma1 Classification Division so that the Law Transfer of materials from federal agencies Library's Processing Section began to receive and the Supreme Court resulted in replace- items accompanied by MARC worksheet1 ment of missing volumes and substitution of process cards and other supporting documen- copies in better condition in the Serial Set, tation. Based on the descriptive and subject state session laws, and law reports. cataloging data provided on these worksheets, Some 395 official gazettes are currently be- the Law Library's classifierlshelflister is now ing received and incorporated into the collec- able to process titles for all jurisdictions and tion. Efforts were undertaken with the Order in all languages, with only Chinese, Japanese; Division and the Exchange and Gift Division's and Korean titles still being shelflisted by Hispanic Acquisitions Project to improve re- divisional personnel. Consequently, full ceipts of Mexican state gazettes. The coopera- "LAW" call' numbers became available online tive program with the New York Public in April, when the data were first input in the unverified records by the Shelflist Services Library to film national gazettes continued, Unit, for later verification by the MARC Edi- with a meeting held in November in a mutual torial Division. attempt to achieve better bibliographic con- Based on workflow changes and the capa- trol, set filming schedules, and. improve acqui- bility of the Law Library's Processing Section sition techniques. technicians to handle incoming work for all The Law Library's work with the Copyright jurisdictions and languages to which the Office Acquisitions and Processing Division "LAW" breakdown is applied, the organiza- to claim titles (primarily loose-leafs) for which tion of jurisdictions having pseudo-K arrange- binders or contents were lacking resulted in ments was changed to "LAW" 1-9, as follows: the deposit of many thousands of dollars' USSR and Poland (formerly KR), Bulgaria worth of material. (formerly KB), and Yugoslavia (formerly KY). Acquisition trips this year included one to These workflow changes led to greater effi- the French-speaking countries of West and ciency and uniformity in the processing of Central Africa by Anton Wekerle, assistant to incoming receipts, more cost-effective use of the chief of the Near Eastern and African Law Law Library personnel, and improved accessi- Division, who was successful in securing a bility to bibliographic records, as well as to number of missing items and in contacting the elimination of time-consuming searching publishers, booksellers, librarians, archives, for materials classed in "LAW." government agencies, courts, and legal per- The "LAW" workflow changes also reduced sonnel in those countries. to 6,451 the number of labels that had to be Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

applied by hand in the Law Library, as the the Law Library rose to 915,430 volumes, a 6.4 Binding Office took over the major part of percent higher number than during fiscal 1982. this work. By the end of the year, in fact, this Of these, Congress borrowed 6,022 volumes job was almost eliminated, whereas in fiscal from the Law Library in the Capitol, and 1982 some 15,600 labels had been applied 13,165 volumes were sent out on interlibrary within the department. loan. The subbasement staff responded to Class J1-9 and JX shelflist cards were repro- 87,251 call clips for items from all users, an in- duced on card stock and filed into the Law crease of 11.5 percent over fiscal 1982. The Library's main catalog to provide bibliogra- overall not-on-shelf rate was 18 percent, as phic access to a portion of the law collection compared to 23 percent the previous year. for which there had been spotty or no cover- Circulation service via the Library's book age in the public catalog. paging system was extended to Processing Retrieval was expedited with the advent of Services and other Library staff. the availability online [in SCORPIO News) of Breakdowns in the operation .of both the collection location information. This informa- compact shelving ranges and the book con- tion identifies the range location of call num- veyor system continued to create major prob- bers and periodical titles within the four lems. Close monitoring of the quadrants and quadrants of the Law Library's subbasement ranges identified where continuing problems stack area. have been occurring, and this information was Another attempt to reduce retrieval prob- forwarded to the Office of the Architect of the lems was undertaken by monitoring the not- Capitol (AoC), which is responsible for the on-shelf rate to uncover gaps in the legal upkeep of the compact shelving system. periodical collection. The results of that survey led to a concerted acquisition effort to fill those and any other gaps discovered. Preservation Increased use of the collection resulted in the shelving of 809,840 pieces, nearly 39 percent more than last year. At the same time, The Law Library Rare Book Room the staff intensified efforts to keep the shelves in order, both in the Reading Room and in the subbasement. Some 67,035 shelves were read, The Law Library has its own Rare Book Room compared to 48,255 in fiscal 1982. with twenty-five thousand rare legal books Application of the new class K schedules and manuscripts. In order to house this col- (KDZfor America and North American gen- lection in the best possible environment, the eral; KG for Latin and Central America, West Law Library has taken several steps since Indies, and the Caribbean; and KH for South moving to the Madison Building. A problem America) resulted in a 40-45 percent decrease with proper temperature and humidity control in the number of items classed in "LAW and was overcome after the staff monitored the in the realignment of processing positions. It room's climate with a hygrothermograph and also necessitated a major shift in the subbase- reported its findings to the AoC. ment shelving order for those areas to accom- As the room is illuminated by the standard modate three class systems within each lighting found throughout the building, the jurisdiction. Law Library made a request that was forwarded to the AoC in April 1982 to have Circulation shields placed on the fluorescent tubing to block out the harmful ultraviolet rays. These Total circulation of items within and outside shields were put in place in September 1983. Law Library

A request to the AoC also made in April Brazil. Diario oficial, 1965,1967,90volumes. 1982 to arrange to have the lights switched off Cuba. Diario de la Habana, 1800-1902, 95 when the room is not in use is still pending. volumes. To reduce the danger of potential water Pandectes p6riodiques. Recueil de juris- damage occurring during a fire or from a prudence, de i6gislation, January 1888-March leaking sprinkler, the staff forwarded a re- 1940, 48 volumes; Tables, 1888-1912, 5 vol- quest on July 25,1983, to have a halon gas fire umes; Tables, 1934-38, 5 volumes. suppressant system used in place of most of Trait6 thiorique et pratique de droit civil, the water sprinklers in the room. For those 1905-9, 35 volumes. water sprinkler heads that would remain as a Zeitschrift fiir das Privat- und ~ffentliche backup system, a request was made to have Recht der Gegenwart, 18744916,42 volumes. new, more reliable heads replace the current Zentralblatt fiir die juristische Praxis . . . , ones. The disposition of this request was also 1883-1936, 54 volumes. still pending at the end of the fiscal year.

Rare Book Restoration PERSONNEL

The Restoration Office gave full conservation The Law Library was saddened by the sudden treatment to forty-six volumes in the Rare death on April 17, 1983, of Dr. George J. Book Room. It also completed the American- Roman, senior legal specialist in Romanian, British rare book maintenance project, begun Swiss, and international law. His dedication, in 1980, and finished three-fourths of its sur- scholarship, friendliness, and quiet sense of vey and maintenance of the Hispanic rare humor were an inspiration to his colleagues. book collection. The staff was augmented by the hiring of two new legal specialists, Giovanni Salvo will cover Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican City Current and Other Retrospective Materials State, and Karel Wennink will cover the Netherlands and other jurisdictions related The number of volumes for binding to Dutch law. increased slightly, to 6,811, and the binding With the addition of two new legal infor- file of 11,200 cards was consolidated and filed mation technician positions allocated by Con- alphabetically by title. gress for the Processing Section, the Law Seventeen titles contained in over 500 vol- Library staff reached the equivalent of ninety- umes were microfilmed during the year. The seven full-time permanent positions. materials dated from 1800 to 1965 and in- Incentive awards were given to ten staff cluded the following: members, and two received outstanding performance awards. Austria. Ministerium des Innern, Verord- nungsblatt des k.k. Ministeriums des Innern . . . , January 30, 1901-November 12, 1918, Training 18 volumes. Austria. Oberster Gerichts- und Cassations- Twenty-four members of the staff used 471 hof. Die Rechtsprechung des k.k. Obersten hours for in-service training courses, while Gerichtshofes in Civil- . . . , 1888-1911, 27 400 hours were allotted thirty-four employees volumes. in courses outside the Library. The subjects Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

studied included legal research and tech- The staff's scholarly publishing outside the niques, automation and data processing, fed- Library included two articles by George E. eral documents, supervision and management, Glos, "The Theory and Practice of Soviet In- health assistance, productivity, and speed ternational Law" in the International Lawyer, reading, as well as graduate and undergradu- and "The Spanish Divorce Law of 1981" in ate law courses. the International and Comparative Law Quar- . terly. Ivan Sipkov published "The Public In- ternational Law of Bulgaria: Development and Professional Activities Status" in the International Journal of Legal Information. Stephen Clarke wrote and edited material for the 1984-85 edition of the Cana- The staff's wide range of professional pursuits dian Prelaw Handbook. In recognition of his involved their legal, linguistic, and librarian- contribution to the profession, Eugene Nabors ship expertise and conveyed the results of was given a Certificate of Award by the Law their specialized knowledge to a broader audi- Librarians' Society of Washington, D.C., for ence. Among these endeavors were editing his monograph Key to Legislative Histories publications and journals; teaching; public from 1789-1903. Tao-tai Hsia and Charlotte speaking; delivering seminar, conference, and A. Hambley provided an introductory analysis association papers; serving on boards and of the new Constitution of the People's Re- committees; writing book reviews, and giving public of China and the new constitution of radio interviews, in addition to participating the Communist Party of China for Constitu- in Library of Congress professional activities. tions of the Countries of the World. Copyright Office

The Copyright Office registered a total of the year, an increase of more than 10 percent. 488,256 claims to copyright during the fiscal The reference search operation reported on year, an all-time high and an increase of more more than loo,OoO titles during the year; and than 4 percent over the previous fiscal year. a considerable increase was noted in the This total consisted of the following: 241,361 direct public use of the Copyright Office card nondramatic literary works (including 106,135 and automated catalogs. serials); 127,797 musical works; 18,757 other works of the performing arts (including 9,119 motion pictures and filmstrips); 37,411 works of the visual arts [including 442 cartographic GENERAL OPERATIONS works); 21,749 sound recordings; 2,089 multimedia works; and 39,092 renewals. Of the The line operations of the Copyright Office are original registrations as a whole, 63 percent conducted by six divisions: the Acquisitions were for published works, the remainder be- and Processing Division, which performs the ing unpublished. general housekeeping and accounting work of Under the copyright law in force before the office and the enforcement of the manda- 1978, most unpublished nondramatic literary tory deposit provisions of the copyright law; works were not subject to registration, and it the Examining Division, which determines is interesting to note that under the new law whether the requirements of the law have unpublished registrations for such works not been met for materials submitted for registra- only have increased constantly to 30,962 but tion; the Cataloging Division, which catalogs also have gradually grown as a proportion of all copyright registrations and recorded docu- this category as a whole, constituting now 23 ments; the Information and Reference Divi- . percent of all registrations for nondramatic sion, which provides the public general literary works [excluding serials), as against information on copyright, conducts searches 16 percent in 1979. for the public in the Copyright Office catalogs, A grand total of 918,818 copies were de- and produces on request certified copies of posited during the fiscal year, of which more office records; the Records Management Divi- than 200,000 were received under the legal de- sion, which maintains the records of the Copy- posit provisions of the law. Of the grand right Office: and the Licensing Division, which total, more than 600,000 were forwarded to deals with payments made to the office under other departments of the Library of Congress the compulsory licensing provisions of the for its collections or other programs. law that relate to coin-operated phonorecord The Copyright Office dealt with 152,711 players (jukeboxes) and cable systems. telephone calls seeking information on copy- The efficient functioning of the Copyright right, an increase of almost 20 percent and one Office requires the close cooperation of all the of the fastest growing categories of activity in divisions, together with a parallel approach to the office. Outgoing mail providing printed the overriding problems. Through application matter on copyright amounted to some 191,000 of the concepts of consultative management letters, an increase of almost 5 percent. More throughout the Copyright Office and specifica- than 18,000 persons visited the office during tion of goals, production was increased and Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

quality maintained. As an example, each divi- System, was made operational. The result is sion concerned with the recordation of docu- that approximately 40 percent of all applica- ments adjusted its operations and articulated tions for registration now come under auto- them with the others in order to expedite the mated control from their point of receipt. search for recently received documents; simi- These are the claims that are paid for by deb- larly, the adjustments needed to convert from iting deposit accounts which have been a registration fee to a filing fee were the prod- established for large-volume remitters. Such uct of cooperation among all concerned. claims, when combined with the 15 percent of In the Examining Division significant work the "cash" claims that are tracked by the was also undertaken to reduce the volume of Automated Correspondence Management Sys- correspondence, to increase the number of tem (CMS), amounted to 55 percent or more guide letters and form letters for use instead of all claims being tracked through automation of specially composed letters, and to improve while they .are in the registration process.

the handling of computer programs, of which An important milestone was reached in the , some seven thousand were received this year goal of implementing fully automated tracking for registration. In the Information and Refer- of all claims with the completion in June 1983 ence Division studies were conducted whose of the specifications for handling in-process objective was to find a suitable way to cope records on COINS 111. The specifications were with the ever-rising volume of incoming tele- the result of a collaborative effort among staff phone requests for copyright information. in the Copyright Office who will be the even- tual users of COINS and the systems analysts AUTOMATION in the Automated Systems office who-are responsible for systems design and implementation. A number of significant developments have occurred in the Copyright Office's continuing automation program. The automated copyright catalog records, first made available at the end COMPENDIUM OF COPYRIGHT OFFICE of the last fiscal year through four video dis- PRACTICES

' play terminals located in. the card catalog area, continued to be enhanced. Two files are Work moved toward conclusion on the new currently accessible, monographs and docu- Compendium of Copyright Office Practices, ments (known by the acronyms COHM and which reflects the examining and related prac-

COHD, respectively) representing all ' such tices of the office under the new copyright items cataloged since the new copyright law law. The public will be invited to comment on went into effect on January 1, 1978. Further the new compendium before its issuance. It enhancements to this system expected in the will be published in loose-leaf form to facili- coming months are weekly file updates (pres- tate updating and will be sold by the Govern- ently updates are effected bimonthly), addi- ment Printing Office as a priced publication. tion of the serial file (COHS], and extension It is believed that the project will be finished of access to these files to all reading rooms in in the coming fiscal year. the Library of Congress. As explained elsewhere in this report, the copyright registration fee was converted to a COPYRIGHT OFFICE PUBLICATIONS nonrefundable filing fee in November 1982. In order to implement this change, the first stage The Copyright Office published during the of COINS 111, the Copyright Office In-Process year volumes 41 and 42 of the series of bulle- Copyright Office

tins entitled Decisions of the United States they were faring under the new act, and ad- Courts Involving Copyright. These volumes duced empirical data for the report; and con- contain the texts of the 1977 and 1978 cases, sultation with an advisory committee made up respectively; the two volumes together con- of representatives of authors, publishers, tain more than two thousand pages and two librarians, and users of copyrighted works. hundred cases. The series as a whole covers The report concludes that the statutory pro- copyright cases from 1790 onward, contains visions have established a workable frame- extensive indexes, and is sold by the Govern- work for obtaining a balance between creators' ment Printing Office. Volumes containing later rights and users' needs, but that, in certain cases are in preparation, In addition, a number instances, a balance has not been achieved in of new circulars were added to the battery of practice, either because the intent of Congress printed material which provides the public has not been carried out fully or because that with general information on copyright and intent is not clear to those whose activities specific instructions on how to make registra- come within the scope of the law. According tion. to the report, the existence of the intended statutory balance can be supported by evidence showing that between 1976 and 1980 library acquisition expenditures increased SECTION 108(i) REPORT faster than the rate of inflation, that during the same period the ratio of serial "births" to 1, The Copyright Act (Title 17 of the United "deaths" was 3.4 to that some types of States Code) which took full effect January 1, photocopying in certain classes of libraries 1978, provides in section 108(i) that five years have increased very slowly or even decreased, from that date, and at five-year intervals there- and that serial publishers' revenues increased. The Copyright Office, however, also pointed . after, the Register of Copyrights, "after con- to other information showing that there might sulting with representatives of authors, book be an imbalance in that "substantial quantities and periodical publishers, and other owners of the photocopies prepared by and for library of copyrighted material, and with representatives of library users and librarians," shall patrons are made for job-related reasons, submit to the Congress a report setting forth rather than for the type of private scholarship, the extent to which the provisions of the study, or research most favored by the law." copyright law authorizing certain kinds of re- The report noted empirical evidence that in production and distribution of copyrighted approximately one-quarter of the library works by qualifying librarians have achieved photocopying transactions, two or more cop- "the intended statutory balancing of the rights ies are made, even though section 108 of the of creators, and the needs of users." Copyright Act only permits the making of a Pursuant to this mandate, the Register sub- single copy. mitted to Congress in January 1983 a report According to the report, there appears to be which deals with the copying practices of confusion among many librarians about how libraries and archives, and their patrons, and the copyright law works and why its en- which focuses upon the balance intended by forcement is frequently their responsibility. the act. Steps taken by the Copyright Office Furthermore, publishers contend that the pres- leading to the report included a series of na- ent system is seriously imbalanced, and some tionwide hearings; a survey by King Research, of them have asserted their views in print and Inc., which looked at more than five hundred by bringing lawsuits. libraries, and as many publishers, to see how The Copyright Office made rkcommenda- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

tions to rectify what are perceived to be review, various systems for copyright com- shortcomings in present practices and in the pensation based on a percentage of the present law. The report states that these photocopying impressions made on ma- recommendations, both statutory and nonstat- chines located at certain places in certain utory, should aid in achieving understandings types of institutions or organizations, as which would permit legitimate photocopying determined by sampling techniques, 'should while protecting copyright interests. These be studied. include : Further study of new technology issues. In the next five-year review, issues relating to Nonstatutory Recommendations the impact of new technological developments on library use of copyrighted works Collective licensing agreements encouraged. should be studied. All parties affected by library reproduction of copyrighted works are encouraged to Archival preservation. Representatives of participate in existing collective licensing authors, publishers, users, and librarians arrangements, and to develop new collec- should meet to review fully new preser- tive arrangements in order to facilitate vation techniques and their copyright implications and should seek to develop a compensated copying of copyrighted works. common position for legislative action by Voluntary guidelines encouraged. Represen- Congress, taking into account the respective tatives of authors, publishers, librarians, interests of libraries and their patrons and and users should engage in serious discus- of authors and publishers. sions with a view to the clarification of Adequate funding for library services. terms and the development of guidelines, Proper recognition of the cost of creating both with respect to present photocopying and disseminating protected works in our practices and the impact of new tech- society requires concomitant understand- nological developments on library use of ing, at all levels of government, of the need copyrighted works. The Copyright Office for adequate funding of publicly owned recommends that the respective congres- libraries in order to enable them to pay sional copyright committees or subcommit- their share of creation-dissemination costs. tees again urge the parties to engage in serious negotiations and report back to them by a certain date. Recommendations to Amend the Copyright Act

Study of surcharge on equipment. In the Reproduction of out-of-print musical works. next five-year review, a copyright compen- . The Copyright Office recommends enact- sation scheme based upon a surcharge on ment of the proposal submitted by the photocopying equipment used at certain lo- Music Library Association and the Music cations and in certain types of institutions Publishers' Association, either by amend- or organizations should be studied, taking ment of section 108(e) or by addition of a into account experience with such systems new paragraph (j) to section 108, with con- in other countries. sequential amendment of paragraph (h). The amendment would permit library re- Study of compensation systems based on production of an entire musical work [or sampling techniques. In the next five-year substantial parts thereof) for private study, Copyright Ofice

scholarship, or research following an un- tion 108. The Copyright Office recommends successful, diligent search for the name and an amendment to paragraphs (d) and (e) of address of the copyright proprietor of the section 108 to make clear that unpublished musical work. works are not within the copying privileges granted therein. Umbrella statute. The Copyright Office recommends favorable action by Congress on Copies of the report may be purchased from legislation that would embody the principle the National Technical Information Service, of the so-called "umbrella statute," a pro- U.S.Department of Commerce. posal developed by an ad hoc task force of librarians and publishers and submitted by the Association of American Publishers. THE MANUFACTURING CLAUSE The proposal would add a new section 511 to the Copyright Act, limiting copyright This provision of the copyright law, a part of owners to a single remedy in the form of a the U.S. statute in various forms since 1891, reasonable copying fee, for copyright in- requires at present that certain nondramatic fringement of their scientific, technical, literary works by American citizens be manu- medical, or business periodicals or proceed- factured in the United States or Canada in ings, if certain conditions are met by the order to enjoy full copyright protection. Pur- user of the work, including membership in suant to the copyright law that took effect in a collective licensing arrangement, unless 1978, the provision was to expire on July 1, the work was entered in a qualified licens- 1982, but on June 30, 1982, Congress enacted ing system or qualified licensing program. a bill to retain it for another four years. Presi- The purpose of the umbrella statute is to dent Ronald Reagan vetoed the bill but on encourage publisher and user participation July 13 Congress overrode the veto, and this in collective licensing arrangements. The in turn set the stage for another episode in the Copyright Office further recommends that long and acrimonious debate involving the Congress require recordation with the office manufacturing clause. of a document setting forth the basic terms The European Economic Community (EEC) and conditions of any qualified licensing has now formally complained that the exten- program or qualified licensing system. sion of the manufacturing clause in July 1982 has resulted in violations of the General Agree- Clarification of the "108(a)(3) notice." The ment on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and that Copyright Office recommends enactment of the European printing industry was injured a clarifying amendment to section 108(a)(3) because it could not compete in the U.S. as follows: market for material covered by the law. The "(3) the reproduction or distribution of EEC estimates the amount of the injury at the work includes the notice of copyright $250,000,000. Anthony P. Barrison, the Assist- as provided in sections 401 and 402 of ant Register of Copyrights, helped to present this title, if such notice appears on the the U.S. position to, a formal GATT panel copy or phonorecord in a position author- formed to review this dispute. ized by sections 401(c) and 402(c), respec- At the first panel meeting in September tively, of this title." 1983, the EEC contended that, because of the hiatus in time between the date the manufac- Clarification that unpublished works are ex- turing clause was due to expire and the cluded from paragraphs (d) and (el of sec- enactment date of its further extension, the Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

extension really amounted to new legislation quests for full-term retention of deposit cop- which would violate the spirit of several ies are to be made and granted, including the GATT provisions. New legislation would not fees for this service. An interim regulation be protected by the GATT Protocol of Pro- implementing the provision for the full-term visional Application (PPA),which allows laws retention was published on July 19, 1983. The creating nontariff trade barriers to remain in effect of the regulation is to provide a mech- force if they were in effect on October 30, anism for requesting retention of copyright 1947. The EEC also argued that the inclusion deposits, to establish the conditions under of Canada in the manufacturing clause was a which such requests are granted or denied, discriminatory act violating the "most favored and to fix the fee to be charged if the request nation" principle of the GATT provisions, in- is granted. tended to afford equality of treatment to all Section 407(e) of the act authorizes the parties to the GATT. Library of Congress to obtain copies of fixed, The United States responded that the manu- unpublished transmission programs, either by facturing clause is "existing legislation" within making off-the-air copies or by demanding the meaning of the PPA and the U.S. legisla- copies from the owner of the right of trans- tive procedure which provides for a system mission in the United States in the form of a of presidential vetoes and veto override by permanent transfer, a loan for copying, or a Congress. The United States maintained that sale. Section 408(b) permits the off-the-air the action complained of in this instance was copies to be used for copyright registration a mere extension of existing legislation and purposes. On August 17, 1983, the Copyright not the enactment of new legislation. The Office issued a final regulation implementing position of the United States is that the inclu- section 407(e) by providing a mechanism for sion of Canada in the manufacturing clause the Library to acquire copies of unpublished represents a liberalization of the effects of the transmission programs in accordance with clause in that it narrows the areas affected by the provisions of that section. The final'regu- the manufacturing requirements by removing lation takes into consideration comments and one country and that such a liberalization is testimony received in response to the notice allowed within the spirit of the GATT. of proposed rule-making published on Febru- A second panel hearing will be held in ary 4, 1982. The final regulation embodies a November 1983 to review these questions and major change in the proposed regulation, others, along with economic data relevant to which would have permitted the Library to the issues. presume that any television program transmitted to the public in the United States by a network or noncommercial educational broadcast station has been fixed but not published. COPYRIGHT OFFICE REGULATIONS . The final regulation eliminates commercial POLICY ANNOUNCEMENTS network programs from the presumption of AND NOTICES OF INQUIRY v nonpublication.

Section 7041e) of the Copyright Act directs the The Copyright Office announced early in the Register of Copyrights to issue regulations fiscal year that the statutory amendment pro- prescribing the conditions under which re- viding for a nonrefundable filing fee for copy- Copyright Ofice

right registrations was being implemented. the repeal by the Federal Communications Beginning on November 24, 1982, fees sub- Commission [FCC) of its distant signal carriage mitted for all applications, whether original, and syndicated exclusivity restrictions. After renewal, ' or supplementary, were retained the publication of the tribunal's final rule in whether or not copyright registration was ulti- the rate adjustment proceeding, the Copyright mately made. Office received letters from several cable sys- On December 9, 1982, the Copyright Office tem operators and their representatives re- announced a change in its procedure for pre- questing interpretative rulings in connection paring additional certificates of registration with the application of the new 3.75 percent for works registered before January 1, 1978. rate in specific instances. To assist the office Heretofore, the office had prepared additional in responding to the various letters of inquiry certificates by typing the facts of registration and requests for interpretative rulings, a from the official records onto printed certifi- Notice of Inquiry was published on February cate forms. Under the announced new proce- 11, 1983, inviting comment on four general dure they are photoreproduce.d from the issues. In a Statement of Views, published on original application, resulting in both a saving March 30, 1983, the Copyright Office stated of time and elimination of the possibility of that it had analyzed the comments that were errors in transcription. submitted, the Copyright Act and its legisla- After careful study of the space available, tive history, the CRT rate determination, and the projected growth in registrations; and the certain former FCC regulations, and reached use made of deposits, the Register of Copy- the conclusion that only a limited response to rights announced in March 1983 that he and the questions posed in the Notice of Inquiry the Librarian of Congress had reached a pol- was appropriate since the tribunal's rate ad- icy determination, in accordance with their justment decision has been appealed to the statutory authority, that it is no longer prac- U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of ticable to retain published deposits more than Columbia. The office stated that it does not five years from the date of deposit (excluding intend to take any steps to implement the works of the visual arts, which will be kept October 20, 1982, rate adjustment pending a for ten or more years, if possible, because final decision by the Court of Appeals. they are more often the subject of litigation The Copyright Office published a Notice of than deposits in other classes). Inquiry on May 23, 1983, stating that it is re- In May 1983 the Copyright Office announced viewing its deposit regulations with respect to that documents sent to its Renewals and the deposit, under sections 407 and 408 of the Documents Section for recordation would be Copyright Act, of computer programs and filmed upon receipt rather than after examina- other works which contain material referred tion and recordation, as had been the practice. to as "trade secrets." Owners of copyright in The new procedure was adopted in order to works containing trade secrets, especially make the documents accessible to the public owners of copyright in computer programs, more quickly than in the past. have expressed concern about public availability of materials deposited in the Copyright Office, and have asked that the office consider Notices of Inquiry the possibility of special deposit provisions. The notice was intended to elicit public com- On October 20, 1982, the Copyright Royalty ment, views, and information to assist the Tribunal (CRT) adopted its final rule adjusting office in evaluating its present practices and in the royalty rates for cable systems, following considering possible changes in its regulations. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

The response to the notice revealed great in- Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights, and terest in the topic, and to ensure that inter- Trademarks of the Senate Committee on the ested persons &e given a full opportunity to Judiciary. At the end of the fiscal year the submit views, on August 17, 1983, the Copy- Copyright Office had not testified on the House right Office announced an extension of the bills. comment period. The office was continuing to receive comments at the close of the fiscal year. Rental, Lease, or Lending of Motion Pictures and Other Audiovisual Works As Well As Sound Recordings

LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS The rental, lease, or lending for purposes of direct or indirect commercial advantage of Home Recording motion pictures and other audiovisual works as well as sound recordings was the subject of bills introduced in the Senate, S. 32 and S. 33, Work continued on the difficult issues raised and the House of Representatives, H.R. 1027 by the growth of off-air home video and audio and H.R.1029, in the first session of the 98th recording of copyrighted works for private Congress. The bills would amend section use. The focal point for discussions was the 109(a) of the Copyright Act, known as the decision of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals "first sale" provision, to require authorization in Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Sony Corp. of by the copyright owner before the works in America, 659 F.2d 963 (9th Cir. 1981), cert. question could be rented, leased, or lent on a granted, 457 U.S. 1116 (1982). The case had commercial basis. The Register of Copyrights been held over from the previous term of the testified at a hearing on S. 32 and S. 33 that Supreme Court and was reargued on October was held on April 29, 1983, before the Senate 3,1983. In January 1983, bills were introduced Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights, and in both houses, H.R. 175 and S. 175, that would Trademarks. The proposed audio record rent- exempt certain video recordings from liability al amendment, S. 32, was reported from the under section 106 of the Copyright Act of Senate Committee on the Judiciary on June 23, 1976, if such recordings were made for private 1983. S. Rep. No. 98-162, 98th Cong., 1st Sess. noncommercial use. During the same period, (1983). S. 32 passed the Senate on June 28, the proposed Home Recording Act of 1983, S. 1983, and was referred to the House Judiciary 31 and H.R. 1030, was introduced in both the Committee. House and the Senate. In addition to exempting home recording for private use, these bills Cable Television would establish a compulsory license mechanism to compensate copyright owners. Roy- alties would be paid by manufacturers and Various bills were introduced in the 98th Con- importers who distribute video and audio re- 1 gress to amend the copyright law with respect cording devices and media, at rates set by to the compulsory license for secondary trans- voluntary negotiation or arbitration; the Copy- missions by cable systems. Bills introduced in right Royalty Tribunal would then distribute the Senate, S. 1270 on May 12, 1983, and in the money to copyright owners. The Register the House, H.R. 3419 on June 27, 1983, would of Copyrights generally supported S. 31 in his amend the Copyright Act with respect to the testimony on October 25, 1983, before the royalty rates applicable to the carriage of Copyright Ofice

what is termed a "national cable broadcast gress to promote research and development, network." The bills also propose certain encourage innovation, and stimulate trade. changes in the Copyright Royalty Tribunal. Certain of these bills, S. 1841 and H.R. 3878, Another bill, H.R. 2902, introduced in the would also amend the antitrust, patent, and House on May 4, 1983, would amend the copyright laws. Among other measures, the Copyright Act to provide that certain adjust- proposed National Productivity and Innova- ments in royalty rates would not apply to the tion Act of 1983 would amend the Copyright first three distant independent television sig- Act to modify the application of the doctrine nals carried by any cable system. Efforts also of copyright misuse in the licensing of copy- continued to improve the compulsory license righted works. The general counsel testified system established under section 111 of the on S. 1841 at a hearing before the Senate Com- act. H.R. 1388 was introduced by Rep. Barney mittee on the Judiciary on October 26, 1983. Frank and Rep. Harold S. Sawyer on February 10, 1983, that would alter considerably the text of section 111. With certain specific ex- New Technology and Copyright emptions, secondary transmissions to the public of primary transmissions embodying a The challenges to the copyright system pre- performance or display of a copyrighted work sented by the rapid advances in technology would be subject to full liability. In the inter- have led to a reassessment of the copyright est of remedying the imbalance in the protec- law by the House Judiciary Subcommittee on tion of copyrighted works retransmitted by Courts, Civil Liberties, and the Administration foreign cable systems, S. 736 was introduced of Justice. Under the chairmanship of Rep. by Sen. Patrick J. Leahy in March 1983. The Robert W. Kastenmeier, the subcommittee bill would provide that a nonresident foreign held hearings on July 20 and 21,1983, to focus national not be compensated under the U.S. on the technological developments that may cable provisions unless such claimant's coun- be anticipated and the impact such changes try compensates United States citizens for may have on the copyright system. retransmission of their works. Protection of Semiconductor Chips and Masks Other Legislative Activities In the last days of the 97th Congress, Sen. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr., and Rep. Don Bills were introduced in the Senate, S. 1734, Edwards introduced S. 3117 and H.R. 7207, and the House, H.R. 4010, to amend section respectively, that would establish mask works 116 of the Copyright Act with respect to pub- as a new category of copyrightable subject lic performances of nondramatic musical matter. With a few changes, the proposed works by means of coin-operated phonorec- semiconductor chip legislation was reintro- ord players. The proposed National Heritage duced in the 98th Congress in both the Senate, Resource Act of 1983, H.R. 1285 and S. 427, S. 1201, and the House, H.R. 1028. The general would amend the Internal Revenue Code with counsel of the Copyright Office, Dorothy M. respect to charitable contributions of certain Schrader, testified at a hearing on the Senate literary, musical, or artistic compositions. The bill on May 19,1983. Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, S. 544 and H.R. 2769, contained limitations relat- Copyright Misuse and the Antitrust Laws ing to the unauthorized broadcast of works of U.S. copyright owners; this legislation passed Several bills were introduced in the 98th Con- the Congress and was signed by the President Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

on August 5, 1983. H.R. 1521, introduced in embody a system for the operation of a ma- the House on February 17,1983, would estab- chine. In this case the court found that Apple lish a type of moral right for authors of pic- sought not to protect ideas (i.e., making the torial, graphic, or sculptural works. On May machine perform particular functions), but 11, 1983, Rep. Carlos J. Moorhead introduced rather to protect their particular expression of H.R. 2985, which would amend the copyright those ideas in the form of specific programs. law to provide for protection of ornamental The copyrightability of an "operating pro- designs of useful articles. H.R. 1674 and H.R. gram" was also an issue in Hub60 Data Prod- 2975, introduced in February and May 1983, ucts Corp. v. Management Assistance Inc., respectively, would amend section 110 of the 219 USPQ 450 (D. Idaho 1983). Management act to exempt certain performances or dis- Assistance Inc. (MAI) sells an operating pro- plays of copyrighted works. gram for use in machines it manufactures. It markets a number of different versions of its operating program, each of which has different capacities or capabilities. These limita- JUDICIAL DEVELOPMENTS tions are programmed into the basic operating program. Its fee for the purchase of the operating program is based on the capability of There were a number of significant cases in the particular program purchased. Hubco the last fiscal year on the question of the copy- developed a certain software procedure which rightability of certain computer programs. In it markets and which has the effect of upgrad- Apple Computer, Inc. v. Formula International, ing the capability of MAI's operating program Inc., 562 F.Supp. 775 (C.D. Calif. 19831, the by bypassing or neutralizing the limitation primary copyright issue was whether all codes put into the program by MAI. The issue computer programs or only limited types of in this case was the copyrightability of MAI's computer programs are copyrightable. The de- operating program and, if copyrightable, fendant claimed that those programs which whether Hubco copied from MAI's program are integral to the operation of the machine or independently created the program which and do not produce visual communications serves to upgrade MAI's program. In deciding with the use of the machine are not copyright- MAI's motion for a preliminary injunction the able. The court said that any doubt as to whether the Copyright Act protects computer court found that as a matter of law MAI's programs of all types, however fixed, is re- operating program is proper subject matter moved by examining the legislative history of for copyright protection. On the issue of copy- the 1980 amendment to the act; that the rec- ing the court found a probability of success ommendations of the National Commission on on MAI's charge that Hubco copied at least New Technological Uses of Copyrighted part of its operating program. Works, which were accepted by Congress and In Apple Computer, Inc. v. Franklin Com- embodied in the Copyright Act by the 1980 puter Corp., 714 F.2d 1240 (3d Cir. 1983), the amendment, said there should be no distinc- district court had refused to issue a prelim- tion made "between programs which are used inary injunction to Apple based upon its in the production of further copyrighted doubts that Apple's computer programs were works and those which are not"; and that it copyrightable. The works involved are in ob- must follow, therefore, that Congress did not ject code form stored on Read Only Memory intend to make any distinction between pro- (ROM) chips or on disks. All of the works grams which are used in the production of were operating programs. The court in its further copyrighted works and those which analysis distinguished between operating pro- Copyright Office

grams, which are generally internal to the result." On the question of the copyrightabil- computer and designed only to facilitate the ity of a computer program embodied in a operation of an application program, and ap- ROM, the court again cited the opinion in plication programs which have a specific task, Williams, which held that the statutory re- chosen by the user, such as to maintain rec- quirement of "fixation" is satisfied through the ords, perform certain calculations, or display embodiment of the expression in the ROM graphic images. The court found that without devices. a full trial it could not determine the copyright- Franklin's main argument was that an oper- ability of plaintiff's operating programs. It ating system program is a process, a system, appeared to the court that the operating pro- or a method of operation and hence is uncopy- grams were an essential part of the machine, rightable. The court found that Apple does i.e., mechanical devices which make the ma- not seek to copyright the method which in- chine work and make it possible for the structs the computer to perform its operating machine to use application programs, and functions but only the instructions them- that, if they were mechanical devices which se1ves:The court stated that the method would are engaged in a computer to become an es- be protected, if at all, by the patent law. It sential part of the mechanical process, they also found that Franklin's attack on operating cannot be considered " works of authorship" system programs as methods or processes under the copyright law. seems inconsistent with its concession that The Court of Appeals reversed the denial application programs are an appropriate sub- of the preliminary injunction and remanded ject of copyright. Both types of programs the case to the district court. In its opinion instruct the computer to do something. There- the court stated that all computer programs, fore, according to the court, it should make no whether operating programs or application difference for purposes of copyright whether programs, in object code or in source code, these instructions tell the computer to help are protectible by copyright. In answer to the prepare an income tax return (the task of an district court's doubt that an object code, application program) or to translate a high- which is only machine readable, as distin- level language program from source code into guished from a source code, which is capable its binary language object code form (the task of being read by a human being, may not be of an operating system program). The court the proper subject matter of copyright, the indicated that, since it is only the instructions Court of Appeals cited its decision in Williams which are protected, a "process" is no more Electronics, Inc. v. Artic International, Inc., involved because the instructions in an oper- 685 F.2d 870 (3d Cir. 1982). In the Williams ating system program may be used to activate case the court said the answer to the question the operation of the computer than it would is in the words of the statute itself, i,e., sec- be if instructions were written in ordinary tion 102(a) of the Copyright Act, which ex- English in a manual which described the nec- tends copyright to works in any tangible essary steps to activate an intricate, compli- medium of expression "from which they can cated machine. There is thus, in the court's be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise com- view, no reason to afford any less copyright municated, either directly or with the aid of protection to the instructions in an operating a machine or device." Further, the court system program than to the instructions in an pointed out that the 1980 amendment defines application program. The court reasoned that a computer program as "a set of statements or perhaps the most important factor leading to a instructions to be used directly or indirectly rejection of Franklin's argument is that the in a computer in order to bring about a certain statutory definition of a computer program is Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

a set of instructions to be used in a computer of the machine. The court held that the in order to bring about a certain result, and speeded-up version of the video game con- that the statute makes no distinction between stituted an infringement of the copyrighted application programs and operating programs. program inasmuch as it was an unauthorized The court stated that Franklin had pointed to derivative adaptation of the plaintiff's original no decision which adopted the distinction it video game. sought to make. In Midway Mfg. Co. v. Strohon, 564 F. Supp. An additional Franklin argument was that 741 (N.D. Ill. 19831, the defendants manufac- in the case of an operating computer program, tured a modification kit for use in PAC-MAN the "idea" and the "expression" of the idea game machines which had the effect of pro- merge, thus making copyright unavailable. ducing all new graphics for a maze game The rule stated by the court is that, if other which is somewhat similar to PAC-MAN but methods of expressing the same idea are not plays at a higher level of difficulty. Midway foreclosed, as a practical matter there is no made two copyright registrations for PAC- merger of the idea with the expression of the MAN, one for the audiovisual display and one idea but that copyright protection will not be for the computer program which embodies the given to a form of expression necessarily dic- operating instructions to the machine. Since tated by the underlying subject matter. Since the defendant created new graphics for the the district court made no finding as to modified game, the court found there was no whether some or all of Apple's operating pro- infringement of the audiovisual work. The grams represent the only means of expressing defendant argued that the audiovisual display the idea underlying them, that issue was re- and the computer program which directs play manded to the district court. are so intertwined as to preclude considera- Midway Mfg. Co. v. Artic International, Inc., tion of the computer program as a separately 704 F.2d 1009 (7th Cir. 1983), cert. denied copyrightable item. The court found that since sub nom. Artic International, Inc. v. Midway Midway registered copyright claims in both Mfg. CO., NO. 82-1992, 52 U.S.L.W. 3227, 3238 the audiovisual display and the underlying (US.Oct. 3, 1983), presented two interesting computer program, the prima facie validity of issues: whether a computer program em- both copyrights is established. The court bodied in a printed circuit board is copyright- stated that the computer program is a distinct able and whether a speeded-up version of a creation as shown by the fact that it is pos- video game is an infringement of the original sible to create a completely different computer copyright. The court answered both questions program and still infringe the copyright in the affirmatively. On the first point, it held that audiovisual material, and that the skill, in- the fact that a computer program is embodied genuity, and effort required to design the in a printed circuit board which may be pat- computer program are "altogether different entable does not destroy the program's copy- from the process of conceiving and designing rightability any more than would recording the the distinctive PAC-MAN characters." The images on rolls of celluloid film. On the sec- court held that the computer program con- ond issue, it was not alleged that defendant nected with a video game is protectible by copied any of plaintiff's program, but rather copyright separately from the copyright in the that he designed an original printed circuit audiovisual work. In comparing the programs board which is intended to replace one of the it was shown that 97 percent of the sequencing printed circuit boards in the plaintiff's ma- instructions in Strohon's program were similar chine, the effect of which is to speed up the to Midway's. The court concluded that since action of the images produced on the screen the program could have been written in many Copyright Office

different ways without substantial alteration registration is refused. The plaintiff's action in of the way the game plays, the fact that de- the ~atureof mandamus involved the Regis- fendant's program is nearly identical to plain- ter's refusal to register claims to copyright in tiff's copyrighted program indicates copying. ten jewelry designs. The Register moved for The long-awaited Supreme Court decision dismissal of the action for lack of subject in Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Sony Corp. matter jurisdiction, arguing that section 411(a) of America, 659 F.2d 963 (9th Cir. 1981), cert. of the copyright statute provides the plaintiff granted, 457 U.S. 1116 (1982), was further de- in an infringement action an adequate remedy layed when the Supreme Court held the case at law for review of the refusal of the Copy- over and scheduled it for rehearing on Octo- right Office to register its claims to copyright. ber 3, 1983, the first day of the new term. In The district court granted the government's this case the owners of copyrighted motion request to dismiss for lack of subject matter pictures and other audiovisual material jurisdiction. The Court of Appeals upheld the brought an infringement action, based on the lower court's decision giving the following off-air home videotaping for private use of reasons: firstly, that mandamus is an extraor-

' television programs embodying their works. dinary remedy and that it is appropriate only The action was brought against the manufac- when the plaintiff's claim is clear and certain turers, distributors, and retail vendors of the and the duty of the office is ministerial and so videocassette recorders used to tape the plainly described as to be free from doubt; and works, and against an individual who re- secondly, that an adequate alternative statu- -corded off-air in his home. The district court tory .mode of remedy is available. The court held for the defendants. In reversing that de- held specifically that because of the remedy cision, the Court of Appeals concentrated on provided in section 411 (a) of the copyright law three main issues: Firstly, did the Congress an action in the nature of mandamus is not intend to create a blanket exemption for home available to compel registration, at least where video recording from the general rights granted infringement has allegedly occurred. On the copyright owners in the Copyright Act? Sec- question of whether mandamus is available to ondly, if home video recording is not exempt review the ref~salto register before an in- from protection, does the doctrine of fair use fringement has occurred, the court held that apply? Lastly, if home video recording is another mode of redress is provided in section neither exempt nor a fair use, are the cor- 701(d), which expressly makes all actions porate defendants who manufacture and sell taken by the Register reviewable under the pro- home video recorders liable for contributory visions of the Administrative Procedure Act. copyright infringement? The Court of Appeals Nova Stylings v. Midas Creations, Inc. and held that Congress did not intend to create a David Ladd, Civ. No. 80-3820 (C.D. Cal. 1980), blanket exemption for home video recording involves two jewelry designs that were al- and that such use was not a fair use. In addi- legedly infringed. The Register was made a tion, the corporate defendants were held liable party in order to compel registration if the for contributory infringement on the ground plaintiff should prevail. On November 19, that videotape recorders are manufactured, 1981, the court orally stated that it would advertised, and sold for the primary purpose grant the Copyright Office's motion for sum- of reproducing television programming, vir- mary judgment. As of the end of this fiscal tually all of which is copyrighted. year, it has not issued a written opinion. Nova Stylings, Inc. v. Ladd, 695 F.2d 1179 In Norris Industries, Inc. v. International (9th Cir. 1983), involved the question of the Telephone and Telegraph Corp., 696 F.2d 918 remedy available to copyright applicants when (11th Cir. 19831, cert. denied, 52 U.S.L.W. 3238 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

(U.S. Oct. 3, 1983) (No. 82-1880), the Copy- in the statute. right Office had refused registration of a claim In The Authors League of America, Inc. v. to copyright in plaintiff's automobile wheel Ladd, No. 82 Civ. 5731 (S.D.N.Y., Aug. 30, cover design on the grounds that it was a use- 19821, the plaintiffs questioned the constitu- ful article which did not contain separable tionality, under the First and Fifth Amend- sculptural features which could be considered ments to the U.S. Constitution, of the "manu- a copyrightable pictorial, graphic, or sculp- facturing clause" of the copyright law. This tural work. The Copyright Office entered the action was described in last year's annual case to clarify its position on the registrability report. As the fiscal year ended, the case was of plaintiff's wheel cover design. After oral still pending, but there had been no further argument, the district court granted the Copy- action by the court. right Office's motion for summary judgment. In Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational The district court declared the plaintiff's copy- Corp. v. Crooks, 542 F. Supp. 1156 (W.D.N.Y. rights invalid as a matter of law. In affirming 1982), the Board of Educational Services of the holding, the Court of Appeals found that Erie County, New York (BOCES), had video- the district court properly deferred to the taped the plaintiff's copyrighted works from expertise of the Register of Copyrights. The the television airwaves, maintained a library court found no error in the district court's of the videotaped works, and made copies of reliance on the Register's opinion that Norris's the tapes for classroom use. In its decision, wheel covers are useful articles as that term the court, after finding that the acts of BOCES is used in the Copyright Act, and that they were harmful to plaintiff and that the defense contain no separable pictorial, graphic, or of nonprofit use was not well-founded, is- sculptural features that would qualify for copy- sued a permanent injunction prohibiting right protection. future copying. Thereafter, the defendants In National Conference of Bar Examiners v. filed a motion to amend the injunction to Multistate Legal Studies, Inc., 692 F.2d 478 allow temporary videotape copying and use of (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied sub. nom. Multi- plaintiff's work on the theory that some lim- state Legal Studies, Inc. v. Ladd, 52 U.S.L.W. ited or temporary use of plaintiff's televised 3238 (U.S. Oct. 3, 1983) (No. 82-1685), the de- works might be considered a fair use, but in fendant had questioned the validity of plain- 558 F. Supp. 1247 (W.D.N.Y. 1983), the court tiff's registration for its secure tests, alleging refused to amend the permanent injunction to that the Copyright Office regulation on the allow temporary use of plaintiff's work. point- deposit for secure tests, 37 C.F.R. 202.20, was ing out that all of plaintiff's works are avail- inconsistent with the statute. The district able for rental or lease for short- or long-term court dismissed the defendant's counterclaim periods; that there are many kinds of licensing and the defendant appealed. The Court of agreements permitting educational institu- Appeals found from its reading of the legisla- tions to duplicate plaintiff's works and that tive history of the Copyright Act that the act these licensing agreements have been previ- was intended to invest broad authority in the ously described in detail; and that the cumu- Register of Copyrights to fashion a workable lative effect of temporary videotaping would system of registration and deposit of copy- tend to diminish or prejudice the potential righted works, and that it was intended to short-term lease or rental market for these provide for "administrative flexibility." Con- works. sequently, the Court of Appeals agreed with Four cases of interest were reported that the district court's determination that author- considered the issue of the omission of the ity for the secure test regulation can be found copyright notice from published copies. In Copyright Ofice

Gemveto Jewelry Co. v. Jeff Cooper, Inc., 568 States after the omission of notice was F. Supp. 319 (S.D.N.Y. 1983), three of plain- discovered, tiff's jewelry designs were refused registration Plaintiff's failure to plead that he attempted by the Copyright Office for lack of sculptural to add notices after he had become aware that authorship. After the rejection, plaintiff's at- they were missing from some 300-500 of 1,335 torney asked to withdraw the applications, published copies resulted in his failure to pre- stating that they were submitted in error since vail in King v. Burnett, Copr. L. Rptr (CCH) the works were first published without copy- 425,489, (D.D.C., Sept. 29,1982). The court said right notice. Eight months later the same three that the record is devoid of any indication that works were again submitted for registration the plaintiff made a reasonable effort to add with no reference to the earlier refusal to reg- notices. ister, and they were again refused registration In Beacon Looms, Inc. v. Lichtenberg b Co., for lack of sculptural authorship. When action Inc., 552 F. Supp. 1305 (S.D.N.Y. 1982),plaintiff was brought against an alleged infringer, the deliberately omitted the copyright notice from court said that the plaintiff's burden to prove published copies. After infringement, plaintiff copyrightability was "heavy" since the deter- completed registration of the claim to copy- mination of the Copyright Office to refuse right and sent labels bearing the copyright registration is entitled to "considerable" notice to distributors to be affixed to the copies weight especially where the office rejected the not yet distributed to the public. The court held claims on two separate occasions for the same that the clear language of the statute indicates reason, that is, "lack of sculptural authorship that the saving clause in section 405(a)(2) was necessary to sustain a claim." The court went not intended to apply to deliberate omission of on to say that the decision to register an ar- notice. The court stated: "While there can be ticle rests within the sound discretion of the no rule against resort to legislative history to Register of Copyrights and that the scope of aid construction of meaning of words, how- judicial review is limited to whether the deci- ever clear the words may appear on superficial sion was "arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of examination, it is equally clear that plain read- discretion, or otherwise not in accordance ing of an unambiguous statute cannot be with law." eschewed in favor of a contrary reading, sug- However, the court felt that it did not need gested only by legislative history and not by to decide the question of the copyrightability the text itself." of plaintiff's jewelry designs, since there was In Shapiro b Son Bedspread Corp. v. Royal a failure to comply with the copyright notice Mills Associates, 568 F. Supp. 972 (S.D.N.Y. provisions. The court said that, although the 1983), plaintiff first distributed copies of its plaintiff was aware of the absence of copy- bedspread without a permanently attached right notice on the copies at least at the time it notice of copyright. The copies were distrib- attempted to withdraw the applications and uted in a sealed plastic package which also perhaps earlier, it was at least several months contained an insert reading "Design Copy- after the attempt was made to withdraw the right." The claim to copyright was registered applications before the plaintiff added notices in the Copyright Office and permanent notices in an attempt to correct the original omission added after large numbers of copies had al- of notice. Under these circumstances the court ready been sold to the public. The court said held that the plaintiff did not make a "reason- that a certificate of registration is not an irre- able effort" as required under section 405(a)(2) buttable presumption of copyright validity of the Copyright Act to add a notice to all and is not prima facie evidence that the notice copies distributed to the public in the United requirement has been met. Plaintiff made no Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

effort to ascertain the number of copies al- originated with the president of MSR, who ready in the hands of distributors with im- found a public domain sculpture of a horse- proper notices and did not make any effort to drawn beer wagon which he used as a model add correct notices to those copies before they and engaged a free-lance artist to make draw- were distributed to the consumers. However, ings of proposed changes in the sculpture. plaintiff argued that the defective notices con- MSR's president sent the sculpture, drawings, stituted a "reasonable effort" to place notices and detailed instructions for sculptural altera- on all copies and that the insert was an actual tions of the model to the manufacturer in notice of a claim to copyright. The court held Taiwan, whose employees created the sculp- that plaintiff did not make a "reasonable ef- ture that was finally produced in copies and fort" to add an adequate notice to all copies imported into the United States with a copy- distributed to the public once it discovered right notice in the name of MSR. At issue was that its original notices were defective. Ab- the question whether MSR could be consid- sent such showing, the court found that omis- ered the author of the sculpture by virtue of sion of notice is not excused by section 405[a) the employment for hire of its president, and of the copyright law. therefore also the owner of the copyright. The The right of a state to claim copyright in its court found that MSR's president did more revised statutes was the issue in State of than merely originate the idea for the Coke Georgia v. The Harrison Company, 548 I?. wagon; he provided explicit and detailed in- Supp. 110 (N.D. Ga. 1982). The Michie Com- structions for its manufacture; and these pany was given a contract by the State of instructions constituted the necessary expres- Georgia to codify its statutes. Michie did so un- sion of the idea for the wagon. The court der guidelines supplied by a state commission. stated that the manufacturer did not have the The codification involved more than mere cut- slightest discretion to change the specifica- ting and pasting of existing statutes. Michie tions it wa3 given nor could it provide any found duplicate statutes, inconsistent statutes, creativity to the product and that any modifi- and gaps in various statutes, and drafted rec- cation of the original specifications had to be ommended changes in the statutes to make approved by MSR. The court found that the them consistent and complete. The changes free-lance artist and the Taiwan manufacturer were enacted by the Georgia legislature. In ad- contributed no originality to the work and dition, Michie edited, compiled, numbered, and that, therefore, MSR was the sole author and did other editorial work on the code. In denying copyright owner and no transfer of copyright the state's claim to copyright in the codification was needed. of the statutes, the court held that the public In addition to the sale and rental of video- must have free access to state laws unham- tapes, the defendant in Columbia Pictures pered by any claim of copyright. Industries, Inc. v. Redd Horne, Inc., 568 F. In MSR Imports, Inc. v. R.E. Greenspan Supp. 494 (W.D.Pa. 1983), also ran a "show- Co., Copr. L. Rptr. (CCH) 725,571 (E.D.Pa., case" operation. The defendant provided April 27, 1983), the defendant copied plain- rooms in the back of its store where a cus- tiff's cast-iron Coke wagon sculpture and as- tomer alone, or with others he had invited, serted that plaintiff was not entitled to claim could view a videotape he or she had rented. copyright in it. The defendant contended that The issue was whether the customers' viewing the author of the work was a factory in Tai- of the rental tapes in a room provided by the wan whose employees executed the sculpture defendant amounted to a "public perform- and that there was no transfer of copyright to ance." The court held that it did, reasoning MSR. The idea for the Coke wagon sculpture that the composition of the audience, even Copyright Office

though limited by the room size to four or six of former President Gerald Ford's memoirs, A persons, was of a public nature and that Time to Heal, which was used by one of its showcasing the plaintiff's motion pictures re- editors to prepare an article that was pub- sults in repeated public performances. lished in the magazine. The article consisted Financial Information v. Moody's, Copr. largely of a paraphrase of the language of L. Rptr. (CCH) n25,534 (S.D.N.Y., May 23, Ford and other public figures together with 19831, involves the question of the need for some verbatim quotations. The material used multiple registrations to cover the updating of was taken from scattered parts of the mem- data bases. The plaintiff publishes daily from oirs. The defendant's early unauthorized pub- ten to twelve cards providing information on lication of parts of the memoirs resulted in bonds called for redemption. The plaintiff also the loss of a publishing contract between publishes a yearly cumulative volume of in- plaintiff and Time magazine. The defendant formation taken from its daily cards. Each of claimed that its publication was a fair use on the cards and the cumulative volume contain the grounds that the revelation of facts and notices of copyright. The defendant publishes the President's thoughts in the memoirs sur- competing information at least some of which rounding Richard Nixon's pardon were a is gathered from plaintiff's daily cards. The "hot" news item which it could report with- defendant conceded that the yearly cumula- out incurring liability. The district court held tive volume is a copyrightable compilation. that the defendant's editor was incorrect in The defendant's defense against the charge of believing that the revelations in the memoirs copyright infringement of the individual daily were a "hot" news item, since most of them had cards was based on several grounds: that the been published earlier in other sources. The daily data are facts and therefore not copy- defendant raised the defense that most of the rightable and that such daily data are not material in the memoirs was uncopyrightable, compilations and therefore not copyrightable since it consisted of historical facts, texts of as such. The absence of registration for the government memoranda, and quoted conver- daily cards constituted an additional defense. sations of persons other than Ford, The court An annual registration was made in the cumu- held that it was not the individual facts and lative volume, The court did not decide the memoranda which were copyrightable, but question of the copyrightability of the daily that it was their totality collected together in cards, but reasoned that to accord copyright Ford's reflections that was protected by copy- protection to the annual compilation and to right and that an infringement had occurred. deny it to each daily component would negate Later in the year the Court of Appeals re- the value of the protection accorded the yearly versed the district court in Harper 8 Row, compilation. On the question of the absence Publishers. Inc. v. Nation Enterprises, Nos. of registration for the daily cards the court 83-7277 and 83-7327 (2d Cir., Nov. 17, 1983). reasoned that since the Copyright Act author- The court expressed the need to construe the izes the Register of Copyrights to adopt regu- concept of copyrightability in accord with lations permitting a single registration for a First Amendment freedoms since the memoirs group of related works, although regulations described political events of major signifi- were not adopted, the cards were related cance, involving a former President. Where works covered by the registration for the First Amendment concerns are involved, the annual compilations. court continued, the confines of copyrightable In Harper 6 Row, Publishers, Inc. v. Nation expression must be construed very narrowly. Enterprises, 557 F. Supp. 1067 (S.D.N.Y. 1983)' The issue was whether the memoirs contain the defendant received an unauthorized copy any expression which is protected by copy- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

right and whether that expression was appro- package" prepared for classroom use. The de- priated by the defendant. The court said that fendant claimed a fair use privilege because an author's expression exists in different the material was copied for a nonprofit educa- modes. One mode is his overall arrangement tional use. The court held that a finding of of facts, i.e., the structure he chooses for the nonprofit educational purpose does not auto- work as a whole. The court noted that the matically compel a finding of fair use and that defendant drew only upon scattered parts of in this case both the plaintiff's and the de- the me,moirs and not the total entity with its fendant's works served the same function; unique and protected mosaic. A second ex- namely, to teach cake decorating. In addition pressive mode is the author's chosen language, the court found that the quantity and quality which the plaintiff alleges was appropriated by of the material taken in relation to the work the defendant by virtue of its use of short seg- as a whole precluded a finding of fair use. The ments of verbatim quotation and liberal use of court found no monetary loss on the part of paraphrasing. The court rejected the argument the plaintiff, but said that the mere absence of that "paraphrasings of disparate facts such as measurable pecuniary damages does not re- those found in this case constitute an infringe- quire a finding of fair use. ment of copyrightable material." It said that if In National Cable Television Association v. The Nation had taken all of the book or all of Copyright Royalty Tribunal, Copr. L. Rptr. a chapter and merely changed the language (CCH) (25,477 (D.C. Cir., Dec. 14, 1982), here and there, such a paraphrase would not the Court of Appeals refused to grant a motion protect it from infringement. In this case, The for expedited summary reversal of the district Nation drew on scattered pieces of informa- court's refusal to stay an increase of cable tion from different chapters and then de- television royalty rates. The increase had been scribed that information in its own words. ordered by the Copyright Royalty Tribunal The court continued, saying that paraphrase because, in July 1980, the Federal Communica- concerns the very essence of news and of his- tions Commission had revoked its regulations tory and in such works courts have carefully limiting the number of distant signals a cable confined the concept "expression" to its bar- system could distribute to its subscribers and est elements-the ordering and choice of the deleting the rule giving television stations words themselves. The court found that the exclusive rights over syndicated programs. copyrighted quotations are neither superflu- The case was argued on its merits late in the ous nor excessive for the article's purpose fiscal year and no decision had been an- and that this very limited use of copyrighted nounced at year's end. words is not sufficient "to supersede the use of the original work." The court concluded that, "Where information concerning important matters of state is accompanied by a INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS minimal borrowing of expression, the. economic impact of which is dubious at best, the During fiscal 1984 the international copyright copyright holder's monopoly must not be per- community examined a number of questions, mitted to prevail over a journalist's commu- arising under the Berne and Universal Copy- nication." right Conventions, which have drawn the at- In Marcus v. Rowley, 695 F. 2d 1171 (9th Cir. tention of legislatures in many countries, 1983), the defendant admitted copying eleven including our own. In addition to subjects pages of plaintiff's twenty-four-page cookbook such as cable television, broadcast and book for incorporation into a "learning activity piracy, and protection of computer software, Copyright Office

conferences and meetings were held on spe- capped to Material Reproducing Works Pro- cialized problems confronted by particular tected by Copyright met at Unesco headquar- classes of users of copyrighted works. This ters in Paris. Working from a study prepared latter group of meetings included two of spe- by Wanda M. Noel, a Canadian copyright special interest: those of the Permanent Commit- cialist, the group attempted to draft model tee for Development Cooperation Related to legislation containing special exemptions from Copyright and Neighboring Rights of the copyright to govern the reproduction of copy- World Intellectual Property Organization righted works for handicapped users. Two (WIPO] and of a Working Group on Access alternative draft model provisions were pro- by the Visually and Auditory Handicapped to posed: Material Reproducing Works Protected by The first permits any qualified organiza- Copyright. WIPO is a specialized agency of tion to reproduce in braille any published the United Nations that deals with a broad work or a translation thereof for the visually range of current intellectual property issues; handicapped, so long as there is no intent the core of its responsibilities is a group of to do so for commercial gain. Further, gov- treaties dealing with patents, trademarks, and ernments would be empowered to issue copyrights. The central copyright treaty WIPO regulations governing the reproduction in is responsible for is the venerable and highly large print, or the making of a sound record- elaborated Berne Convention for the Protec- ing, or the broadcasting by means of a tion of Literary and Artistic Property. radio-reading service, of published works, Many of the principal developing countries provided that appropriate guarantees are set are adherents to one or more texts of the Berne down to assure that such works and broad- Convention. Making copyright responsive to casts 'are used only for the visually handi- the special needs of developing countries and capped. In neither case is the prior consent helping them create responsive, indigenous of the author required, nor is any remunera- copyright systems have long been major as- tion payable. pects of WIPO's program and budget. On Jan- The second alternative is essentially the uary 25,1983, the WIPO Permanent Committee same as the first, save for the fact that pay- for Development Cooperation Related to Copy- ment to the author or copyright owner would right and Neighboring Rights met in New be provided for by regulation. Delhi to review WIPO's programs in support of Third World needs and chart the directions While the proposals of the Working Group of future work. have attracted favorable attention, there has Among the subjects discussed were broad- also been some criticism that the alternatives ening WIPO's internship program for copy- at once go too far in exempting works and right officials from developing states, the uses from copyright and not far enough in activities of the Joint International Copyright providing needed concessions, of a statutory Information Service [run by WIPO and Unesco or voluntary nature, for persons with handi- for the benefit of states party to the Berne caps other than those of a visual nature. Convention and the Universal Copyright Con- Perhaps the most troublesome questions vention], and proposals to prepare, jointly which have arisen from the Working Group's with Unesco, model provisions for national recommendations are practical rather than laws on the rights and obligations of authors theoretical: Will national legislatures really and publishers under publishing contracts. find these alternatives attractive and imple- In October 1983, the Working Group on ment them? What is the relationship between Access by the Visually and Auditory Handi- these new alternatives and established non- Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

statutory, voluntary licensing arrangements challenges the political will of legislators and between rights holders and institutions serv- enforcement officials everywhere; it poses ing the handicapped? vexing problems of consumer morality; and it A striking shortcoming of the Working introduces, above all, the need for careful and Group's recommendations concerns develop- difficult reassessment by copyright-exporting ing countries. Although the group appeared to industries of trade practices and licensing recognize the financial and infrastructural arrangements which grew up in an earlier and problems facing the Third World, the alterna- simpler era. tives proposed are economically feasible only In March of 1981 WIPO had held a World- for fairly industrialized societies. The extent wide Forum on the Piracy of Sound and to which institutions serving the handicapped Audiovisual Recordings-the first such global in developed states should be encouraged and conference. In March 1983 WIPO held a second permitted to share materials for the handi- conference at its Geneva headquarters. The capped with their foreign counterparts, par- Worldwide Forum on the Piracy of Broadcasts ticularly in the Third World, should be ad- and the Printed Word, like its predecessor, dressed. attracted a large and diverse group of at- The report of the Working Group will be tendees from all points on the globe. Copy- discussed at the December 1983 meetings of right owners, performers' groups, copyright the UCC's Intergovernmental Committee and officials from the Third World, and law en- the Berne Convention Executive Committee. forcement specialists exchanged views and The problem of commercial piracy of mo- information on the nature, scope, causes, and tion pictures, broadcasts, records, and books consequences of copyright piracy. A large has reached nearly alarming proportions number of papers were presented, detailing throughout the world. In a sense, this phe- the nature and extent of broadcast and book nomenon is due to the rapid and wide piracy as well as the impact of piracy on the dissemination of low-cost technologies of costs of information to consumers everywhere. reproduction and performance of protected The discussion of broadcast piracy held works. Whole national markets for sound re- particular interest for the United States, where cordings have sprung up wherever low-cost these practices have received recent public personal audiocassette players are available. attention, mostly in the Caribbean region. It is The middle classes of advanced developing well known that, with the growth of domestic nations are rapidly becoming a major market pay-TV services distributed by satellite, a' for videocassette decks. In broad terms, these problem has arisen over the unauthorized in- are very positive developments; music and the terception and redistribution of these valuable visual arts are being brought to people all over signals in the Caribbean-an area well within the globe, where only limited access to these the "footprint" of our satellite systems. sorts of works was available a decade ago. Unauthorized rebroadcasting of Home Box But the consumer's appetite for diverse cul- Office (HBO) and other signals by a Jamaican tural and intellectual materials has created a broadcasting organization triggered strong class of commercial predators whose activi- United States industry protests. These protests ties cost composers, performers, producers, were heard by the Congress, which wrote into and artists large sums in lost revenues. Curb- the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) eligibility ing piracy without depriving readers and criteria for CBI benefits which require protec- audiences of low-cost access to the global tion of United States copyrighted materials, repertory of creative works is the largest particularly against unauthorized broadcast- single problem in world copyright today. It ing. Throughout the region, the United States Copyright Office

and neighboring countries are now beginning Nonetheless, strong differences persisted over to come to grips with the intellectual property the role of compulsory licensing and the treat- aspects of satellite communications. ment of retransmissions of conventionally re- One message which came through loud and ceivable broadcast signals. clear from the WIPO piracy symposium was Following a long and occasionally fractious the importance of U.S. ratification of the debate, the secretariats to the three affected Brussels Satellite Convention, a basic interna- conventions were charged with the unenviable tional agreement pledging states to suppress task of further refining the annotated state- satellite signal "poaching." United States moment of principles for consideration at a final tion picture industry representatives at the subcommittee session scheduled for Decem- symposium called for prompt ratification of ber 1983, the convention by the United States and urged In Geneva on June 13, 1983, the World In- its widest possible acceptance by all states. tellectual Property Organization convened the . The program for study of the copyright second session of a Committee of Experts on problems arising out of cable television's re- the Legal Protection of Computer Software to lationships with broadcasting continued to consider a draft treaty for-the international command attention in 1982-83. On December protection of computer software. The draft of 13, 1982, Subcommittees on Television by the treaty that was discussed had been pre- Cable of the Berne and UCC Committees met pared by WIPO based upon earlier studies of jointly in Paris with the Intergovernmental the software protection question. Delegates to Committee of the Rome Convention. The sub- the session were of the opinion that action on committees attempted to reach agreement on a special convention at that time was prema- Draft Annotated Model Provisions, which ture in view of developments at the national were intended to advise legislators on possible level. approaches to reconciling copyright interests WIPO had taken up this question in the with those of cable. 1970s under the auspices of the Paris Inter- The first subcommittees' meeting found it national Union for'the Protection of Industrial impossible to agree on specific legislative-type Property since, at that time, most legal experts proposals, particularly on the questions of generally believed that protection of computer copyright liability for cable television retrans- software would be provided under a patent- missions of broadcasts within the latter's so- like industrial property system. Earlier Com- called "zone of direct reception" and the mittees.had developed a Draft Model Law for proper place of compulsory licensing schemes the Protection of Computer Software that in discharging cable's copyright liabilities. made substantial contributions to the develop- The subcommittees met again in March ment of legal thinking about the protection to 1983, with representatives of fifteen govern- be afforded to computer software at the na- ments in attendance. Once again a consensus tional level. The draft treaty that was the eluded the participants, but, significantly, the subject of discussion was based upon the subcommittees abandoned the search for principles contained in the Draft Model model laws and embraced instead the concept provisions. of a document setting forth more general At the June meeting the experts were of the "principles." With the additional flexibility general opinion that there was a significant provided by a "principles" framework, the trend toward the recognition of computer subcommittees progressed somewhat. Diver- software as a type of literary work, and that gent points of .view could be expressed and as such the present copyright conventions optional solutions or proposals could be noted. might provide a workable framework for the Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

international protection of computer pro- a working paper to be submitted to govern- grams. In view of this situation the committee ments and interested organizations and that endorsed the suggestion that WIPO and further discussion be held on the ways in Unesco jointly study and convene a committee which this protection might be provided. of experts to examine the extent of protection provided by the existing international copy- Respectfully submitted, right conventions. The committee also considered the question DAVID LADD of the protection of integrated circuit or semi- Register of Copyrights and conductor chips and recommended that WIPO Assistant Librarian of Congress take action to study this question and prepare for Copyright Services Copyright Office

International Copyright Relations of the United States as of September 30, 1983 This table sets forth U.S. copyright relations of current interest with the other independent nations of the world. Each entry gives country name (and alternate name) and a statement of .copyright relations. The following code is used: Bilateral Bilateral copyright relations with the United States by virtue of a proclamation or treaty, as of the date given. Where there is more than one proclamation or treaty, only the date of the first one is given. BAC Party to the Buenos Aires Convention of 1910, as of the date given. U.S. ratification deposited with the government of Argentina, May 1, 1911; proclaimed by the President of the United states, July 13, 1914. UCC Geneva Party to the Universal Copyright Convention, Geneva, 1952, as of the date given. The effective date for the United States was September 16, 1955. UCC Paris Party to the Universal Copyright Convention as revised at Paris, 1971, as of the date given. The effective date for the United States was July 10, 1974. Phonogram Party to the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms, Geneva, 1971, as of the date given. The effective date for the United States was March 10, 1974. Unclear Became independent since 1943. Has not established copyright relations with the United States, but may be honoring obligations incurred under former political status. None No copyright relations with the United States. Afshanistan Austria Benin None Bilateral Sept. 20, 1907 (formerly Dahomey) UCC Geneva July 2, 1957 Unclear Albania Phonogram Aug. 21, 1982 None Bhutan Algeria Bahamas, The None UCC Geneva Aug. 28, 1973 UCC Geneva July 10, 1973 Bolivia UCC Paris July 10, 1974 UCC Paris Dec, 27, 1976 BAC May 15, 1914 Bahrain Botswana Andorra Unclear UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 None Bangladesh Brazil Angola UCC Geneva Aug. 5, 1975 Bilateral Apr. 2, 1957 Unclear UCC Paris Aug. 5, 1975 BAC Aug. 31, 1915 UCC Geneva Jan. 13, 1960 Antigua Barbuda Barbados Unclear UCC Paris Dec. 11, 1975 UCC Geneva June 18, 1983 Phonogram Nov. 28, 1975 Argentina UCC Paris June 18, 1983 , Bulgaria Bilateral Aug. 23, 1934 Phonogram July 29, 1983 UCC Geneva June 7, 1975 BAC April 19, 1950 Belau UCC Paris June 7, 1975 UCC Geneva Feb. 13, 1958 Unclear Phonogram June 30, 1973 Burma Belgium Unclear Australia Bilateral July 1, 1891 Burundi Bilateral Mar. 15, 1918 UCC Geneva Aug. 31, 1960 UCC Geneva May 1, 1969 Unclear UCC Paris Feb. 28, 1978 Belize Cambodia Phonogram June 22, 1974 UCC Geneva Sept. 21, 1981' (See entry under Kampuchea) Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Cameroon Djibouti Phonogram with Federal Repub- UCC Geneva May 1, 1973 Unclear lic of Germany May 18, 1974 UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Dominica UCC Geneva with German Demo- Canada Unclear cratic Republic Oct. 5, 1973 Bilateral Jan. 1, 1924 UCC Paris with German Demo- Dominican Republic * cratic Republic Dec. 10, 1980 UCC Geneva Aug. 10, 1962 BAC Oct. 31, 1912 Cape Verde UCC Geneva May 8, 1983 Ghana Unclear UCC Paris May 8, 1983 UCC Geneva Aug. 22, 1962 Central African Republic Ecuador Greece Unclear BAC Aug. 31, 1914 Bilateral Mar. 1, 1932 UCC Geneva Aug. 24, 1963 UCC Geneva June 5, 1957 , Chad Phonogram Sept. 14, 1974 Grenada Unclear Egypt Unclear Chile Phonogram Apr. 23, 1978 Bilateral May 25, 1896 Guatemala * For works other than sound re- BAC M~.28, 1913 BAC June 14, 1955 cordings, none UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 UCC Geneva Oct. 28, 1964 Phonogram March 24, 1977 El Salvador Phonogram Feb. 1, 1977 Bilateral June 30, 1908;by virtue of Guinea China Mexico City Convention, 1902 Bilateral Jan. 13, 1904 UC~Geneva N~~.13, 1981 UCC Geneva Mar. 29, 1979 UCC Paris Nov. 13, 1981 Colombia UCC Paris Mar. 29, 1979 BAC Dec. 23, 1936 Phonogram Feb. 9, 1979 Guinea-Bissau Unclear UCC Geneva June 18, 1976 Equatorial Guinea UCC Paris June 18, 1976 Unclear Guyana Unclear Comoros Ethiopia Unclear None .Haiti Congo Fiji BAC Nov. 27, 1919 Unclear UCC Geneva Oct. 10, 1970 UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 Costa Rica Phonogram Apr. 18, -1973 Honduras Bilateral Oct. 19, 1899 Finland BAC Apr. 27, 1914 BAC Nov. 30, 1916 Bilateral Jan. 1, 1929 UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 HVW'Y UCC Geneva Apr. 16, 1963 Bilateral Oct. 16, 1912 UCC Paris Mar. 7, 1980 Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973 Phonogram June 17, 1982 UCC Geneva Jan. 23, 1971 France UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Cuba Bilateral July 1, 1891 Phonogram May 28, 1975 Bilateral Nov. 17, 1903 UCC Geneva Jan. 14, 1956 UCC Geneva June 18, 1957 Iceland UCC Paris July 10, 1974 UCC Geneva Dec. 18, 1956 Cyprus Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973 India Unclear Gabon Bilateral Aug. 15, 1947 Czechoslovakia Unclear UCC Geneva Jan. 21, 1958 Bilateral Mar. 1, 1927 Gambia, The Phonogram Feb. 12, 1975 UCC Geneva Jan. 6, 1960 Unclear Indonesia UCC Paris Apr. 17, 1980, Germany Unclear Denmark Bilateral Apr. 15, 1892 Bilateral May 8, 1893 UCC Geneva with Federal Republic EE~ UCC Geneva Feb. 9, 1962 of Germany Sept. 16, 1955 Phonogram Mar. 24, 1977 UCC Paris with Federal Republic of Iraq UCC Paris July 11, 1979 Germany July 10, 1974 None Copyright Office

Ireland Luxembourg New Zealand Bilateral Oct. 1, 1929 Bilateral June 29, 1910 Bilateral Dec. 1, 1916 UCC Geneva Jan. 20, 1959 UCC Geneva Oct. 15, 1955 UCC Geneva Sept. 11, 1964 Israel Phonogram Mar. 8, 1976 Phonogram Aug. 13, 1976 Bilateral May 15, 1948 Madagascar Nicaragua' UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 (Malagasy Republic) BAC Dec. 15, 1913 Phonogram May 1, 1978 Unclear UCC Geneva Aug. 16, 1961 Italy Malawi Niger Bilateral Oct. 31, 1892 UCC Geneva Oct. 26, 1965 Unclear UCC Geneva Jan. 24, 1957 Malaysia Nigeria Phonogram Mar. 24, 1977 Unclear UCC Geneva Feb. 14, 1962 UCC Paris Jan. 25, 1980 Maldives Norway Ivory Coast Unclear Bilateral July 1, 1905 Unclear UCC Geneva Jan. 23, 1963 Mali Jamaica Unclear UCC Paris Aug. 7, 1974 None Phonogram Aug. 1, 1978 Malta Oman Japan " UCC Geneva Nov. 19, 1968 UCC Geneva Apr. 28, 1956 None UCC Paris Oct. 21, 1977 Mauritania Pakistan Phonogram Oct. 14, 1978 Unclear UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 Jordan Mauritius Panama Unclear UCC Geneva Mar. 12, 1968 BAC Nov. 25, 1913 Kampuchea Mexico UCC Geneva Oct. 17, 1962 UCC Paris Sept. 3, 1980 UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 Bilateral Feb. 27, 1896 BAC Apr. 24, 1964 Phonogram June 29, 1974 Kenya UCC Geneva May 12, 1957 Papua New Guinea UCC Geneva Sept. 7, 1966 UCC Paris Oct. 31, 1975 Unclear UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Phonogram Dec. 21, 1973 Phonogram Apr. 21, 1976 Paraguay Monaco BAC Sept. 20, 1917 Kiribati Bilateral Oct. 15, 1952 UCC Geneva Mar. 11, 1962 Unclear UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 Phonogram Feb. 13, 1979 Korea UCC Paris Dec. 13, 1974 Peru Unclear Phonogram Dec. 2, 1974 BAC Apr. 30, 1920 Kuwait Mongolia UCC Geneva Oct. 16, 1963 Unclear None Philippines Laos Morocco Bilateral Oct. 21, 1948 UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 UCC Geneva May 8, 1972 UCC status undetermined by Lebanon UCC Paris Jan. 28, 1976 Unesco. (Copyright Office UCC Geneva Oct. 17, 1959 considers that UCC relations Mozambique do not exist.) Lesotho Unclear Unclear Poland Nauru Bilateral Feb. 16, 1927 Unclear Liberia UCC Geneva,Mar. 9, 1977 UCC Geneva July 27, 1956 Nepal UCC Paris Mar. 9, 1977 Libya None Portugal Unclear Netherlands Bilateral July 20, 1893

Liechtenstein Bilateral Nov. 20, 1899 UCC Geneva Dec. 25, 1956 , UCC Geneva Jan. 22, 1959 UCC Geneva June 22, 1967 UCC Paris July 30, 1981 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Qatar Spain Uganda None Bilateral July 10, 1895 Unclear UCC Geneva Sept. 16, 1955 Romania UCC Paris July 10, 1974 United Arab Emirates Bilateral May 14, 1928 Phonogram Aug. 24, 1974 None Rwanda Sri Lanka Unclear Unclear United Kingdom Bilateral July 1, 1891 Sudan Saint Christopher and Nevis UCC Geneva Sept. 27, 1957 Unclear UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Unclear L Surinam Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973 Saint Lucia Unclear Unclear Upper Volta Swaziland Unclear Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Unclear Unclear Sweden Uruguay Bilateral June 1, 1911 BAC Dec. 17, 1919 San Marino Phonogram Jan. 18, 1983 None UCC Geneva July 1, 1961 UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Phonogram Apr. 18, 1973 SIio Tomb and Principe Vanuatu Unclear Unclear Switzerland Bilateral July 1, 1891 Saudi Arabia UCC Geneva Mar. 30, 1956 Vatican City None (Holy See) Syria UCC Geneva Oct. 5, 1955 Senegal Unclear Phonogram July 18, 1977 UCC Geneva July 9, 1974 UCC Paris May 6, 1980 UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Tanzania Unclear Venezuela Seychelles UCC Geneva Sept. 30, 1966 Unciear Thailand Bilateral Sept. 1, 1921 Phonogram Nov. 18, 1982 Sierra Leone Togo None Vietnam Unclear Unclear Singapore Tonga Unclear None Western Samoa . Unclear Solomon Islands Trinidad and Tobago Unclear Unclear Yemen (Aden) I Unclear Somalia Tunisia Unclear UCC Geneva June 19, 1969 UCC Paris June 10, 1975 Yemen (San'a) None South Afnica Turkey Bilateral July 1, 1924 None Yugoslavia Soviet Union Tuvalu UCC Geneva May 11, 1966 UCC Geneva May 27, 1973 Unclear UCC Paris July 10, 1974 Copyright Office

Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Phonograrn Nov. 29, 1977 UCC Geneva June 1, 1965 Unclear For works other than sound recordings, unclear

R 1 Belize notified the Director-General of Unesco on December 1, 1982, of its decision to apply "prwisionally, and on the basis of reciprocity" the Universal Copyright Convention as adopted at Geneva on September 6, 1952, the application of which had been extended to its territory before the attainment of independence from the United Kingdom on September 21, 1981. 2 Effective June 30, 1908, this country became a party to the 1902 Mexico City Convention, to which the United States . also became a party effective the same date. As regards copyright relations with the United States, this convention is considered to have been superseded by adherence of this country and the United States to the Buenos Aires Convention of 1910. Bilateral copyright relations between Japan and the United States, which were formulated effective May 10, 1906, are considered to have been abrogated and superseded by the adherence of Japan to the Universal Copyright Convention, Geneva, 1952, effective April 28, 1956.

Section 104 of the copyright law (title 17 (3) the work is first published by the of the United States Code) is reprinted below: United Nations or any of its specialized agencies, or by the Organization. of s104. Subject matter of copyright: National American States; or origin (4) the work comes within the scope (a) UNPUBLISHED WORKS. -The works of a Presidential proclamation. Whenever specified by sections 102 and 103, while un- the President finds that a particular foreign published, are subject to protection under this nation extends, to works by authors who are title without regard to the nationality or nationals or domiciliaries of the United domicile of the author. States or to works that are first ~ublished (b) PUBLISHED WORKS.-The works in the United States, copyright protection specified by sections 102 and 103, when on substantially the same basis as that on published, are subject to protection under this which the foreign nation extends protection title if- to works of its own nationals and (1) on the date of first publication, one domiciliaries and works first published in or more of the authors is a national or that nation, the President may by procla- domiciliary of the United States, or is a na- mation extend protection under this title to tional, domiciliary, or sovereign authority works of which one or more of the authors of a foreign nation that is a party to a is, on the date of first publication, a copyright treaty to which the United States national, domiciliary, or sovereign author- is also a party, or is a stateless person, ity of that nation, or which was first pub- wherever that person may be domiciled; or lished in that nation. The President may (2) the work is first published in the revise, suspend, or mkeany such proc- United States or in a foreign nation that, lamation or impose any conditions or on the date of first publication, is a party limitations on protection under a to the Universal Copyright Convention; or proclamation. Report of The Libmrian of Congress. 1983

Number of Registmtions by Subject Matter of Copyright. Fiscal Year 1983

Category of material Published Unpublished Total

Nondramatic literary works Monographs ...... 100.922 28. 338 129.260 Serids ...... 106.135 106.135 Machine-readable works ...... 3. 342 2. 624 5. 966 Total ...... 210. 399 30. 962 241. 361 Works of the performing arts Musical works ...... 26. 752 101.045 127. 797 Dramatic works. including any accompanying music .... 882 8. 649 9. 531 Choreography and pantomimes ...... 32 75 107 Motion pictures and filmstrips ...... 8.436 683 9. 119 Total ...... 36. 102 110.452 146. 554 Works of the visual arts Two-dimentional works of fine and graphic art. including prints and art reproductions; sculptural works; technical drawings and models; photographs; commercial prints and labels; works of applied art ...... 23. 950 13.019 36. 969 Cartographic works ...... 433 9 442 TOtal ...... 24. 383 13.028 37. 411 Sound recordings ...... 9. 284 12.465 21. 749 Multimedia works ...... 1.978 111 2. 089 Grand total ...... 282. 146 167.018 449. 164 Renewals ...... 39. 092

... -. - Total, all registrations ...... 488, 256

Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

Summary of Copyright Business. Fiscal Year 1983

. Registration Fees

Published works at $10.00...... 282. 146 $2.821.460.00 Unpublished works at $10.00 ...... 167.018 1.670.180.00 Renewalsat$6.00 ...... 39. 092 234.552.00

.. Total registrations for fee ...... 488, 256 4.726.192.00

-- . Feesforrecording documents ...... 158,297.50 Fees for certified documents ...... 37.096.00 Feesforsearchesmade ...... 115.727.20 Fees for import statements ...... 1.002.00 Fees for deposit receipts under 17 U.S.C. 407 ...... 660.00 .Fees for full-term storage of deposits ...... none Feesforspecialhandlixig ...... 135.000.00 Total fees exclusive of registrations ...... 447.782.70 Total fees ...... 5.173.974.70

Statement of Gross Cash Receipts and Number of Registrations for the Fiscal Years 1977-1983

Percentage Gross Number of increase or decrease Fiscal year receipts registrations in registrations

4 Reflects changes in reporting procedure . Copyright Office

Financial Statement of Royalty Fees for Compulsory Licenses for Secondary ksmissions by Cable Systems for Calendar Year 1982

Royalty fees deposited ...... $39.691.020.33 Interest income paid on investments ...... 2.578.734.31

Less: Operating costs ...... 374.667.00 Refundsissued ...... 517.855.40 Investments purchased at cost ...... 40.822.741.79 Copyright Royalty Tribunal Cost for Services ...... 18.164.00

Balance as of September 30. 1983 ...... 536.326.45 Face amount of securities purchased ...... 41.825.000.00 Cable royclty fees for calendar year 1982 available for distribution by the CopyrightRoyaltyTribunal ...... 42.361.326.45

Financial Statement of Royalty Fees for Compulsory Licenses for Coin-Operated Players (Jukeboxes) fir Calendar Year 1983

Royalty fees deposited ...... $2.696.253.50 Interest income paid on investments ...... 111.913.75

. Less: Operating costs ...... 160.041.00 Refunds issued ...... 4.531.00 Investments purchased at cost ...... 2.513.125.17

Balance as of September 30. 1983 ...... 130,470.08 Face amount of securities purchased ...... 2.333.000.00 Estimated interest income due September 30. 1984 ...... 424.314.37

Jukebox royalty fees for calendar year 1983 available for distribution by the Copyright Royalty Tribunal ...... 2.887.784.45 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Patent Office District Library of Courts1 Congress Labels Prints Total Total Copyright Office

Patent Office District Library of Courts I Congress* Labels Prints Total Total Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

-- -- Patent Office District Library of CourtsI Congress Labels Prints Total Total

-- --

1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1976 Transitional qtr. 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983

Total 150,000 19,100,890 55,348 18,098 73,i46 19,324,336

1Estimated registrations made in the offices of the Clerks of the District Courts (source: pamphlet entitled Records in the Copyright Office Deposited by the United States District Courts Covering the Period 1790-1870, by Martin A. Roberts, Chief Assistant Librarian, Library of Congress, 1939). Registrations made in the Library of Congress under the Librarian, calendar years 1870-1897 (source: Annual Reports ofthe Librarian).Registrationsmade in the Copyright Office under the Register of Copyrights, fiscal years 1898-1971 (source: Annual Reports of the Register). 3 Labels registered in Patent Office, 1875-1940; Prints registered in Patent Office, 1893-1940 (source: memorandum from Patent Office, dated Feb. 13, 1958, based on official reports and computations). 4 Registrations made July 1, 1976, through September 30, 1976, reported separately owing to the statutory change making the fiscal years run from October 1through September 30 instead of July 1through June 30. 5 Reflects changes in reporting procedure. Appendixes Appendix 1 Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

SUMMARY OF ANNUAL REPORT

MEMBERSHIP.Members of the Library of Congress sums of money totaling $350,000 from the IBM Trust Fund Board during fiscal 1983 were: Corporation for the purpose of establishing, exhibiting>and servicing the Charles and Ray Eames Collection at the Library of Congress. The board agreed to invest the gift in short-term, Daniel J. Boorstin, Librarian of Congress, Chair- U.S. man and Secretary; Donald T. Regan, Secre- interest-bearing Treasury notes and bills. tary of the Treasury; and Senator Charles McC. In July the board accepted a $135,000 gift from Mathias, Chairman of the Joint Committee on the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation to provide the Library. fellowships for training in the field of preservation of librarv materials. Of that amount, Appointive $100,000 was iivested in short-term, interest- bearing U.S. Treasury notes and bills and Mrs. Charles William Engelhard, Jr. (term ex- $35,000 was set aside for immediate expen- pires March 9, 1985). diture. Flora Laney Thornton (term expires March 9, In fiscal 1982 the board was notified of the 1988). reorganization of Home-Stake-ProductionCom- pany under the provisions of Chapter X of the MEETINGSANDA~~MTIESOFTHE BOARD. The Library Bankruptcy Act. In' October the Bankruptcy of Congress Trust Fund Board did not meet dur- Court confirmed the plan, the distribution of ing fiscal 1983, but it acted on three important the assets, and the settlement of claims made in matters through a correspondence pool. relation to the bankruptcy of the company. In November the board accepted a $500,000 The Trust Fund Board subsequently received gift fromthe Mary Pickford Foundation. The gift $31,530.40 and shares of stock in a new oil pro- is to be paid over a ten-year period; initial duction company as its part of the distribution deposits were invested in U.S. Treasury notes of the assets of the bankruptcy. and bills. A gift of $19,000 was received from Rose In April the board accepted a gift of future Marie Spivacke, and additional contributions of

Summary of Income and Obligations

Permanent Investment loan account accounts Total

Unobligated funds carried forward from fiscal 1982. . $924,144.42 $470,305.86 $1,394,450.28 Income, fiscal 1983...... 539,264.42 543,606.40 1,082,870.82 Available for obligation, fiscal 1983 ...... 1,463,408.84 1,013,912.26 2,477,321.10 Obligations, fiscal 1983 ...... 528,744.27 393,581.49 922,325.76 Carried forward to fiscal 1984 ...... 934,664.57 620,330.77 1,554,995.34

1See appendix 10 for a detailed statement on the trust funds. 2For income and obligations from the Gertrude M. Hubbard bequest, see appendix 10. Appendix 1

$2,913 were received from numerous donors for to support the Library's concert and literary pro- the Harold and Rose Marie Spivacke Fund. A gram series, the German Tri-Centennial Sym- contribution of $50 was received from Walter S. posium and Exhibit, publication of the pamphlet Salant for the Boris and Sonya Kroyt Memorial Statesmanship in American History and the Fund. exhibit catalog Mapping the North American An additional distribution of $300,000 was Plains, and purchase of books and other mate- received from the estate of Erwin Swann to aug- rials for the Alfred Whital Stern collection of ment the Caroline and Erwin Swann Memorial Lincolniana and the Library's Slavic and His- Fund. panic collections. Income was also used for the commission of musical compositions, a lecture commemorating the 250th anniversary of the ACTMTIES SUPPORTED BY FUNDS HELD BY THE BOARD. birth of Franz Joseph Haydn, and the Brahms Income from funds held by the board was used International Festival and Conference. Acquisitions and Acquisitions Work

THE COLLECTIONS OF THE LIBRARY1

-- Titles Volumes/items Category 1982* 1982 . Classified Book Collections Class A (General Works) ...... 72. 542 348. 682 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) ...... 121. 152 203. 326 Class BL-BX (Religion) ...... 315. 407 459. 714 Class C (History. Auxiliary Sciences) ...... 83. 279 170. 990 Class D (History. except American) ...... 584. 620 850. 645 Class E (American History) ...... 112. 418 195. 756 Class F (American History) ...... 173. 250 .306. 439 Class G (Geography. Anthropology) ...... 280. 101 277. 232 Class H (Social Sciences) ...... 902. 432 1.982. 950 Class J (Political Science) ...... 203. 181 628. 913 Class K and TAW"(Law) ...... 481. 655 1.555. 678 Class L (Education)...... 172. 099 400. 203 Class M (Music) ...... 369. 009 530. 882 Class N (Fine Arts) ...... 216. 729 311. 547 Class P (Language and Literature) ...... 1.333. 785 1.762. 377 Class Q (Science) ...... 442. 250 785. 572 Class R (Medicine) ...... 185. 850 325. 089 Class S (Agriculture)...... 146. 093 327. 243 Class T (Technology) ...... 477. 616 935. 020 Class U (Military Science)...... 60. 509 143. 086 Class V (Naval Science) ...... 32. 028 80. 727 Class Z (Bibliography) ...... 199. 266 470. 583 Total classified book collections ...... 6.965. 271 13.052. 654 Nonclassified Collections Audio material Discs Recorded sound collection ...... 825. 499 Talking Books ...... 10. 901 13. 171 Tapes and wires Recorded sound collection ...... 110. 394 Talking Books ...... 9. 110 9. 639 Other recorded formats ...... 4. 349 Total audio material ...... 963. 052 Manuscripts Manuscript Division ...... Music Division ...... Other ......

Total manuscripts ...... 34.881. 616 A-4 Appendix 2

Titles Volumes/items Titles Volumes/items added ' added withdrawn withdrawn Titles Volumes/items 1983 1983 1983 . 1983 1983 1983 Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

Titles Volumes/items Category 1982 1982

Nonclassified Collections. Continued Maps (classified and nonclassified)...... 3.756. 889 38893.756. Microforms Microfiche...... 1.573. 797 2.984. 749 Microfilm ...... 251. 917 1.554. 702 Micro-opaques ...... 64. 175 493. 770 Total microforms ...... 1.889. 889 5.033. 221 Print materiallprint products Books in large type ...... Books in raised characters ...... Incunabula ...... Minimal-level cataloging (monographs) ...... Music ...... Newspapers (bound) ...... Pamphlets ...... Technical reports ...... Other ...... Total print materials ...... Visual material Motion pictures ...... 77. 688 310. 754 Photographs (negatives. prints. and slides)...... 35468.680. Posters ...... 334754. Prints and drawings ...... 3257218. Videotape and videodisc ...... 8. 464 11.407 Other (broadsides. photocopies. nonpictorial material. photostats. etc.)...... 1.054. 311 Total visual material ...... 10.329.622 Total nonclassified collections ...... 66.757. 638 Grand total ...... 79.810. 292

This new table combines statistics previously reported separately in the tables "Volumes in the Classified Collections" and "Collections of the Library." It includes additional categories. and the figures reported are calculated slightly differently . 2Titles for the classified collection are based on a conversion of the 1981 measurement of the Shelflist (average of 32.78 titles per centimeter of cards). Titles for the nonclassified collection before 1982 were supplied primarily by estimate. Appendix 2

Titles Volumeslitems Titles , Volumeslitems added added withdrawn withdrawn Titles Volumes/items 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983

3 Adjusted figure. 'Includes newspapers and technical reports. Large microfiche sets are reported as a single title. Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

RECEIPTS BY SOURCE. SEPTEMBER 30. 1983

Pieces. 1982 Pieces. 1983

By purchase Funds appropriated to the Library of Congress Books for the blind and physically handicapped ...... Books for the Law Library ...... Books for the general collections ...... Copyright Office ...... Copyright Office -Licensing Division ....;...... Congressional Research Sewice ...... Special Foreign Currency Program ...... Salaries and expenses. Library of Congress Reprints and books for office use ...... Microfilm of deteriorating materials ...... Microfiche of dete~ioratingmaterials ...... Motionpictures ...... NPAC ...... Funds transferred from other government agencies Federal Research Division ...... Other working funds ...... Gift and trust funds American Council of Learned Societies ...... BabineFund ...... Center for the Book ...... Documents Expediting Project ...... EvansFund ...... Goff Memorial Fund ...... GottschoFund ...... Gulbenkian Foundation ...... Heinemann Fund ...... Hubbard Fund ...... Huntington Fund ...... Kaplan Fund ...... Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts ...... McKimFund ...... Miller Fund ...... Mumford Fund ...... NYPLEast African Acquisitions Program ...... Pennell Fund ...... RizzutoFund ...... Rosenwald Fund ...... Rowman & Littlefield ...... Schwartz Fund ...... Sonneck Fund ...... Sri Lanka Acquisitions Program ...... Stern Fund ...... Swann Foundation (interest) ...... Time-LifeBooks ...... Appendix 2

RECEIF'TS BY SOURCE. SEPTEMBER .30. 1983-Continued

-. .- ..- . - . Pieces, 1982 Pieces, 1983

Traveling Exhibits Fund ...... 10 Variousdonors ...... 3 Whittall Foundation ...... 6 Wilbur Fund ...... 42 11 Total ...... 2.570. 833 2.876. 073

By government source Local agencies ...... 528 328 Stateagencies ...... 134.494 . 142. 579 Federal documents (GPO jacket) ...... 478. 873 432. 459 Federal documents (agencies and non-GPO) ...... 114.950 134. 720 Copyright deposits ...... 602. 278 620. 135 Books for the adult blind ...... 2 75 211 Total ...... 1.331. 398 1.330. 432

By transfer from other government agencies ...... 2.824. 609 2.654. 982 By gift ...... 768. 760 2.037. 525 By exchange Domestic ...... 40. 052 22. 489 Foreign and international exchange ...... 505. 355 468. 421 TO^ ...... 545. 407 490. 910

Total receipts ...... :...... 8.041. 007 9.389. 922

ACQUISITIONS ACTIVITIES LAW LIBRARY AND RESEARCH SERVICES

Law Library Research ~ervicis 1982 1983 1982 1983

Lists and offers scanned ...... 4. 922 6. 956 24. 536 20. 427 Items searched ...... 11.093 8. 638 .Ill.201 132.175 Items recommended for acquisition ..... 5. 399 5. 360 80. 765 *249.445 Items accessioned ...... 1.643. 725 2.712. 608 Items disposed of ...... 3.652. 317 3.163. 813 1.085. 435 1.535. 295

"Unusually high figure for fiscal 1983due to the large recommendations for the Leo Goodman and the Glenn Seaborg papers.

Appendix 3

SERIALS PROCESSING

Pieces processed ...... 1.512.842 1.573. 369 Volumes added to classified collections ...... 21.250 29. 698

GROWTH OF LIBRARY OF CONGRESS GENEML CATALOGS

Cards New cards in catalogs added Total cards September 30. 1982 1983 September 30. 1983

Main Catalog ...... '...... Add-on Main Catalog ...... Officialcatalog ...... Add-on Official Catalog ...... Catalog of Children's Books ...... Fa.Eastern Languages Catalog ...... Music Catalog ...... Add-on Music Catalog ...... National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections ...... Law Library Catalog ...... Add-on Law Library Catalog ...... Total ...... 61.669. 188 1.140.059 62.809. 247

1Includes cards filed from cards arranged by Computer Analysts. Ltd . Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

GROWTH OF THE UNION CATALOG

CARDS RECEIVED (Pre-1956 imprints) Library of Congress cards Printed main and added entry cards ...... 5. 825 2. 202 Corrected and revised added entry cards ...... 928 733

Total ...... 6. 753 2. 935 Cards contributed by other libraries ...... 325. 163 553. 386 Totalcards received ...... 331. 916 556. 321

CARDS RECEIVED (Post-1955 imprints)

Library of Congress cards Printed main entry cards ...... 147.697 . 54. 005 Corrected and revised reprints for main entry cards ...... 4. 222 886 Printed added entry cards ...... 21. 103 4. 627 Corrected and revised added entry cards ...... 3. 985 1.430 Printed cross-reference cards ...... 179.623 137.341

Total ...... 356. 630 198.289 Cards contributed by other libraries ...... 2.734. 749 4.028. 042 Total cards received ...... 3.091. 379 4.226. 331

CARDS IN AUXILIARY CATALOGS

Chinese Union Catalog ...... 643. 900 Hebraic Union Catalog ...... 651. 411 Japanese Union Catalog ...... 691. 927 Korean Union Catalog ...... 70. 682 Near East Union Catalog ...... 129.340 Slavic Union Catalog ...... 442. 456 South Asian Union Catalog ...... 41. 200 Southeast Asian Union Catalog ...... 22. 512 National Union Catalog: Pre-1956 imprints. supplement ...... 2.066. 997 National Union Catalog: Post-1955 imprints ...... 11.591. 482

Total cards in auxiliary catalogs ...... 16.351. 907 16.796. 222 Appendix4. Cataloging Distribution

TOTAL INCOME FROM SALES OF MARC TAPES.CARDS.AND TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS

General...... ;...... $5.476.426.95 $4.235.221.80 To U.S. government libraries ...... 257.750.38 175.092.42 To foreign libraries ...... 674.663.57 456.728.08 Total gross sales before credits and adjustments ...... 6.408.840.90 $4.867.042.30 ANALYSIS OF TOTAL INCOME Card sales (gross) ...... 1.289.995.57 1.158.914.23 Technical publications ...... I675.905.70 734.410.90 Nearprint publications ...... 138.116.45 161,351.50 BOOKCATALOGS National Union Catalog. including Audiovisual Materials and Music. Books on Music. and Sound Recordings ...... I1.829.880.00 321.165.00 Monographic Series ...... 169.750.00 18.410.00 New Serial Titles ...... 630.155.00 695.801.00 Subject Catalog ...... 622.575.00 49.380.00 National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections ...... 82.820.00 86.160.00 MICROFICHECATALOGS NUC Books ...... NUC U.S. Books ...... NUC AV Materials ...... NUC Cartographic Materials ...... Register of Additional Locations ...... Name Authorities...... Subject Headings ...... Chinese Cooperative Catalog ...... MARC TAPES...... - Total gross sales before credits and adjustments ...... 6.408.840.90 4.867.042.30 Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

U.S. Credit government ADVSTMENT OF TOTAL SALES returns discount Cards ...... Technical publications ...... Nearprint publications ...... Subscriptions ...... BOOKCATAUXS: National Union Catalog. etc...... Monographic Series...... National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections...... New Serial Titles ...... Subject Catalog ...... MICROFICHECATALOGS: ...... NUC Books ...... NUC U.S. Books ...... NUC AV Materials ...... NUC Cartographic Materials ...... Register of Additional Locations ...... Name Authorities ...... Subject Headings ...... MARC TAPES...... Total ...... 137.012.41 17.532.79 Total adjustment ...... 154.545.20 Total net sales...... 4.712.497.10

Adjusted figure.

CARDS DISTRIBUTED

Cards sold ...... 15.355. 512 13.098. 980

Other cards distributed Library of Congress catalogs ...... 16.286. 711 4.579. 159 Cataloging Distribution Service catalogs ...... 781. 494 137. 886 Other accounts ...... 2.655. 129 7.420. 383

Total ...... 19.723. 334 12.137. 428 Total cards distributed...... 35.078. 846 25.236. 408 Appendix 4

CARD SALES. 1972 TO 1983

Gross Fiscal year Cards sold revenue Net revenue

1972...... 1973...... 1974...... 1975...... 1976...... July 1-September 30. 1976 ...... 1977...... 1978...... 1979...... 1980...... 1981...... 1982...... 1983......

MASTER CARDS PRINTED FOR LC TITLES CATALOGED

New titles printed Monographs...... 125.741 127. 130 Film series...... 8. 039 2. 355 Map series...... 4. 616 5. 468 Sound recordings series ...... 2. 577 2. 345 Far Eastern languages series ...... 18.460 20. 490 Serials ...... 5. 197 6. 252 Name authority cards: Author ...... 940. 426 897.443

2 Revised format. 3 Adjusted figure. Appendix 3 Reader Services1

Bibliographies prepared Number of Number entries

National Programs AmericanFolklifeCenter...... 9 1,900 Children's Literature Center...... 1 141 National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped . 16 1,480

- -- Total ...... 26 3,521 Research Services Performing Arts Library ...... African and Middle Eastern Division ...... 4 8,091 Asian Division ...... 8,514 EuropeanDivision ...... 5 26,685 HispanicDivision ...... 49 25,213 Collections Management Division...... General Reading Rooms Division ...... 18 7,076 LoanDivision ...... National Referral Center...... 2,221 Science and Technology Division...... 11 1,029 Serial and Government Publications Division ...... 2 3,322 Geography and Map Division ...... 153 15,915 Manuscript Division...... 3,555 Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division...... Music Division ...... 33 1,131 Prints and Photographs Division...... 16 1,559 Rare Book and .Special Collections Division ...... --- Total ...... 291 104,311

- - Law Library ...... 3 72 22,910 Law Library in the Capitol ...... Processing Services ...... Grandtotal-1983 ...... 689 130,742 comparative totals - 1982 ...... ' .... 473 99,471 1981...... 419 91,550 1980 ...... 413 227,933 ' 1979...... 715 176,541

'Not included here are statistics for the Congressional=Reseh Service, which answered 418,859 inquiries for members and committees of Congress in fiscal 1983. See appendix 6 for additional statistics. 3 Includes entries for continuing bibliographies. Appendix 5

- - -- Circulation of volumes and other units Direct reference service For use within BY the Library Outside loans In person correspondence By telephone Total

4 All loans except those made by the Law Library in the Capitol are made by the Loan Division; figures for other divisions (shown in italics) represent materials selected for loan. 5Includes 17,766 copies of items sent to borrowers in lieu of lending. Appendix 6 Services to the Blind and Physically Handicapped

Purchase of sound reproducers ...... 60.000 50. 000 Acquisitions Books. including music Recordedtitles ...... 1.524 (containers) ...... 1.360.900 Press-braille titles ...... 320 (volumes) ...... 54.000 Handcopied braille titles ...... 299 (volumes ...... 5.626 Cassette titles produced by volunteers ...... 153 Cassette titles produced at NLSIBPH ...... 117 Commercial music recordings (containers) ...... 1.817 Large print music (volumes) ...... 10 Magazines. including music Recordedtitles ...... 40 (c0ntainers)l...... 5.558.300 Press-braille titles ...... 36 (volumes) ...... 721.000 Cassette titles produced by volunteers ...... 4 Music scores Press-braille titles ...... 725 (volumes)...... 3.439 Hand-copied braille masters ...... 23 Hand-copied braille volumes ...... 520 Large-type masters produced by volunteers ...... 14 Large-type volumes produced by volunteers ...... 14

1Includes materials deposited in network libraries. Appendix 6

Certification of volunteers Braille transcribers ...... 326 366 Braille proofreaders ...... 9 10 Tapenmators ...... 20 20

Circulation Regional and subregional libraries Recorded disc containers ...... 10.667.600 Recorded cassette containers ...... 6.372. 800 Braille volumes ...... 663. 000 NLS/BPH direct service (overseas) Recorded disc books ...... 3. 900

Recorded cassette books ...... ' ...... 7. 000 Braille books ...... 100 NLSIBPH music direct service Recorded disc containers ...... 700 Recorded cassette containers ...... 8. 600 Braillevolumes ...... 5. 500 Large-type volumes ...... 2. 300

Interlibrary loan Multistate centers Recorded disc containers ...... Recorded cassette containers ...... Tapes (cassette and open-reel) ...... Braille volumes ...... NLSIBPH Recorded disc containers ...... Recorded cassette containers ...... Braille volumes ...... Duplication (cassette or open-reel) ......

2 Reflects transfer of braille collection to Multistate Center for the West . Report of The Librarian of Congress. 1983

Readership Regional and subregional libraries Recorded disc ...... Recordedcassette...... Braille ...... NLS/BPH direct service (overseas) Recordeddisc ...... Recorded cassette ...... Braille ...... NLS/BPH music direct service Recordeddisc ...... Recordedcassette ...... Braille ...... Large-me ...... Appendix 7 Photoduplication

Total Total 1982 1983

Photostat exposures ...... ;.. Electrostatic prints ...... Catalog cards ...... Other material ...... Negative microfilm exposures Catalog cards ...... Books. etc . Filmed at Library of Congress ...... Filmed in New Delhi ...... Positive microfilm (in feet)...... Enlargement prints from microfilm ...... Photographic negatives (copy. line. and view) ...... Photographic contact prints ...... Photographic projection prints ...... Slides and transparencies (including color) ...... Black line and blueprints ...... Diazo (microfiche)...... Appendix 8 Preservation and Restoration

IN ORIGINAL FORM Books Volumes bound or rebound (commercial binding) ...... 179. 451 203. 851 Rare book materials treated (volumes)...... 5. 601 ' 5. 723 Rare book materials surveyed (volumes) ...... 11.096 7. 771 Total volumes ...... 196. 148 217. 145 Nonbook materials Manuscripts treated (individual sheets) ...... 17. 924 33. 730 Maps treated (individual atlas sheets) ...... 15. 524 35. 284 Prints and photographs treated (individual items) ...... 6. 462 10. 037

Total nonbook items ...... 39. 910 79. 051 IN OTHER FORMS Brittle books and serials converted to microfilm (exposures)...... 3.417. 195 4.094. 486 Newspapers and periodicals converted to microfilm (exposures) Retrospective materials...... 757. 977 627. 957 Current materials ...... 1.975. 028 1.899. 218 Deteriorating still-picture negatives converted to safety-base negatives ...... 261 8.010 Deteriorating motion pictures replaced or converted to safety-base film (feet) ...... 920. 487 1.946. 278 Sound recordings Deteriorating discs converted to magnetic tape ...... 6. 528 6. 612 Deteriorating tapes converted to magnetic tape ...... 97 22 Deteriorating cylinders. wire recordings. etc., converted to magnetic tape ...... 14 Recordings cleaned and packed ...... 7. 212 7.302

The number of volumes. pages. etc., reported in any given year may vary considerably from previous years buse of differences in treatment times for specific projects .Yearly total figures include both phased and full-treatment projects . Appendix 9 Employment

-- - Paid from appropriations Other Total to the Library funds Total

Office of the Librarian...... 71 60 7 ' 67 Management ...... 919 736 176 912

National Programs...... 93 75 18 ' 93 Books for the blind and physically handicapped. .. 143 139 139 -- Total, National Programs...... 236 2 14 18 232 Copyright Office...... 546 549 549 Law Library...... 89 95 95 Congressional Research Service...... 834 891 891 Processing Services General Se~ces...... 1,000 1,190 6 1,196 Cataloging distribution service...... 391 183 183 Special foreign currency program...... 7 7 7 Total, Processing Services ...... 1,398 1,380 6 1,386 Research Services...... 1,153 932 244 1,176 Total, all departments...... 5,246 4,857 451 5,308

Does not include local personnel hired for overseas programs. Appendix 10 Financial Statistics

SUMMARY

Unobligated Appropriations balance from or receipts previous year 1983

APPROPRIATED FUNDS

Salaries and expenses, Library of Congress ...... $251,977.15 1$129,054,409.20 Salaries and expenses, Copyright Office ...... 2 15,657.000.00 Salaries and expenses, Congressional Research Service. ... 35,240,000.00 Books for the blind and physically handicapped ...... 33,384,000.00 Collection and distribution of library materials, special foreign currency program ...... 2,727,917.57 4,438,000.00 Furniture and*furnishings ...... 480,894.68 1,226,000.00 Total annual appropriations ...... 3,460,789.40 218,999,409.20

TRANSFERS FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES I Consolidated working funds NO-ye...... 1983 ...... 1982-83 ...... 1983-84 ...... Total transfers from other government agencies ...... 13,189,157.00

- - GIFT AND TRUST FUNDS ...... 3,907,154.64 7,969,921.30

Total all funds ...... 7,367,944.04 240,158,487.50

1Includes Cataloging Distribution Service receipts, amounting to $4,814,409.20,that were available for obligation in accordance with Public Law 97-276, approved October 2, 1982. 2 Includes copyright registration receipts, amounting to $5,000,000,that were available for obligation in accordance with Public Law 97-276, approved October 2, 1982. 3 The principal value of Library of Congress trust funds is invested as follows: In the U.S. Treasury Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard ...... $20,000 Public debt securities...... 1,411,113 Permanent loan...... 5,115,348 Total ...... 6,546,461 t

Appendix 10

STATEMENT

------Total available Unobligated Unobligated. for obligation Obligated balance not balance forwarded 1983 1983 available to 1984

-- - -- Outside the U.S. Treasury (Market value September 30, 1983) Archer M. Huntington Fund ...... 1,622,000 McKimFund...... 1,413,000 Katie and Walter Louchheim Fund ...... 76,000 Totd ...... 3,111,000

Total investments...... 9,657,461 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

GIFT AND

Fund and donor Purpose

Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard Library of Congrese Trust Fund,8U.S.Treminvestment accounts Babine, Alexis V., bequest Purchase of Slavic material Benjamin, William Evarts Chair of American history, with surplus available for purchase and maintenance of materials for the historical collections of the Library

Bowker, R. R. Bibliographical services

Carnegie Corporation of New York Promotion and encouragement of an interest in and an understanding of fine arts in the United States Coolidge (Elizabeth Sprague) Foundation, established Furtherance of musical research, composition, perfor- by donation and bequest of Elizabeth Sprague mance, and appreciation Coolidge

Elson (Louis C.) Memorial Fund, established under Provision of one or more annual, free public lectures bequest of Bertha L. Elson on music or its literature Encouragement of public interest in music or its literature Evans (Archibald B.) Fund Purchase of original American 18th-century newspapers Feinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E.) Fund Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other materials by and about Walt Whitman and other American writers Friends of Music in the Library of Congress, Enrichment of music collection established by the association Guggenheim (Daniel) Fund for the Promotion of Chair of aeronautics Aeronautics, Inc. Hanks, Nymphus C., bequest Furtherance of work for the blind, particularly the provision of books for the Library of Congress to make available to the blind Huntington, Archer M. Donation Purchase of Hispanic material

4 Bequest of Gertrude M. Hubbard in the amount of $20,000 accepted by an act of Congress (Public Law 276,62d Con- gress, approved August 20, 1912) and deposited with the U.S. Treasury. Appendix 10

TRUST FUNDS

-- - - - Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984

5 Authorized under Public Law 541, 68th Congress, March 3, 1925, as amended, "An Act to create a Library of Con- gress Trust Fund Board and for other purposes." Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Trust Fund,U.S. Treasury investment accounts-Continued Huntington, Archer M. -Continued Donation Consultant in Spanish and Portuguese literature Bequest Equipment and maintenance of the Hispanic Society Room and maintenance of a chair of English-language poetry Jurow (Mae and Irving) Fund Provision of harpsichord concerts at the Library Kaplan (Milton) Fund Purchase of 18th- and 19th-centuryAmerican prints, drawings, and photographs Kostelanetz (Andre) Fund Purchase of books, manuscripts, kinescopes, recordings, and other materials for the Music Division Koussevitzky (Serge) Music Foundation in the Library Furtherance of the art of music composition of Congress, established by the Koussevitzky Music Foundation, Inc. Kroyt (Boris and Sonya) Memorial Fund , Benefit the concert program developed through the Music Division Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation in the Library of Fur'herance of music Congress, established by the friends of the late Nicholas Longworth Miller, Dayton C., bequest Benefit of the Dayton C. Miller Collection of Flutes National Library for the Blind, established by the Provision of reading matter for the blind &d the National Library for the Blind, Inc. employment of blind persons to provide library services for the blind Pennell, Joseph, bequest Purchase of materials in the fine arts for the Pennell Collection Pickford (Maryl Foundation Support of programs related to the history and development of the motion picture industry Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Fund, established by Maintenance of a consultantship or other appropriate Annie-May Hegeman Purpose Reid (Samuel Chester) Trust Fund Provision of a yearly grant to a "promising, talented, and creative writer of the American Scene" Roberts Fund, established under bequest of Margaret Benefit of the Library of Congress, its collections, and A. Roberts its.services Scala (Nonnan P.) Memorial Fund, established under Arrangement, editing, and publication of materials in bequest of Norman P. Scala the Scala bequest Appendix 20

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Trust Fund, U.S. Treasury investment accounts-Continued Sonneck Memorial Fund, established by the Bee- Aid and advancement of musical research thoven Association Spivacke (Harold and Rose Marie) Fund Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other materials for the Music Division Stern (Alfred Whital) Memorial Fund, established by Maintenance of and addition to the Alfred Whital the family of the late Alfred Whital Stern Stern Collection of Lincolniana, including the publication of guides and reproductions of parts of the collection Swann (Caroline and Erwin) Memorial Fund Maintenance of an exhibit of cartoon and caricature originals Whittall (Gertrude Clarke) Poetry and Literature Fund Development of appreciation and understanding of good literature and poetry in this country, and for the presentation of literature in general Whittall (GertrudeClarke) Foundation, established by Maintenance of collection of Stradivari instruments Gertrude Clarke Whittall and Tourte bows given by Mrs. Whittall, and presentation of programs in which those instruments are used Wilbur, James B. Donation Reproduction of manuscript sources on American history in European archives Bequest Establishment of a chair of geography Bequest Preservation of source materials for American history Total, U.S. Treasury investment accounts ...... Library of Congress Trust Fund, bank investment department accounts Huntington, Archer Mn6 Equipment for and maintenance of the Hispanic Soci- ety Room, and maintenance of a chair of English- language poetry McKim Fund, established under bequest of Mrs. W. Support of the composition and performance of Duncan McKim chamber music for violin and piano and of related activities Total, bank investment department accounts......

6Investments held by the Bank of New York valued at approximately $1,622,000;half of the income accrues to the Library of Congress. Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded

Principal ' previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984

Bequest of Mrs. W. Duncan McKim, principally in the form of securities, valued at approximately $1,413,000, held by the American Security and Trust Company for the Trust Fund Board. All the income accrues to the Library of Congress. Income invested in short-time securities is valued at approximately $33,000. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund Africana Acquisitions Fund Purchase of publications for the Africana Collection Alaska, State of Furtherance of a cooperative project for the arrangement, description, and microfilming of the records of the Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church of North America, Diocese of Alaska American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Toward preparation of a bibliography of Slavic and Studies East European studies American Bar Association Expenses in connectionwith a celebration of the 150th anniversary of the Law Library : American Council of Learned Societies Furtherance of a program for the acquisition of publications from Europe American Folklife Center, various donors Toward expenses of the Center

American Institute of Architects Foundation, Inc. Preservation of drawings from the 1792 competition for designs for the Capitol and the President's House American Library Association For use by the director of the Processing Department American Psychological Association Furtherance of work in the Manuscript Division in connection with the Archives of the Association American-Scandinavian Foundation Expenses of a symposium on Scandinavian children's literature Amenberg Fund, Inc. Support of the Book Garden Baker and Taylor Company For use by the Office of the Associate Librarian for National Programs Baugh (Harvey) Memorial Fund Expenses of plantings on the Library's grounds Belmear (Herbert W.) Memorial Fund For use by employees in emergency situations Book-of-the-Month Club, Inc. Expenses of the exhibit "A Nation of Readers" Business Week Magazine For use by the Copyright Office Cafritz (Morris and Gwendolyn) Foundation Seminars to commemorate or celebrate important events or persons Support of the opening program for the Performing Arts Library in the John F. Kennedy Center for the Per- forming Arts Support of the Council of Scholars Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 3 983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund-Continued Cafritz (Morris and Gwendolyn) Support of a tsvo-volume guide to visual resources in Foundation-Continued the F'rints and Photographs Division, Washingtoniana Center for the Book, various donors Expenses of the Center Centro Venezolano Americana Support of activities relating to the special collections

Childs,(James Bennett) Fund Support of publications and programs concerning government documents Clarke, Gertrude, estate of Expenses of a suitable memorial for Gertrude Clarke Whittall Congressional Continuing Education Fund, various Toward expenses of plugrams offered by the Congres- donors sional Research Service to members of Congress and their staffs Council of Scholars Fund To support activities of the council Council on Library Resources, Inc. To facilitate the sale of machine-readable cataloging records and information Support of a survey of online public catalog users Support of the Linked Systems Project Toward expenses of a symposium on "Public Lending Right" Croft (William and Adeline) Fund Furtherance of the Library's music programs and acquisitions for the music collection Documents Expediting Project, various contributors Distribution of documents to participating libraries Engelhard (Charles W.) Fund Chair of history or literature inhis memory Evans (Luther H.) Memorial Fund Purchase of materials for the coilections that foster world peace and understanding Federal Library Committee, various donors Expenses of the committee Feinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E.) Fund Purchase of books, manuscripts, and other materials by and about Walt Whitman and other American writers Finlandia Foundation, Inc. Purchase of noncurrent materials in the Finnish field Ford Foundation Support of a revised and enlarged edition of Edmund C, Burnett's Letters of Members of the Continental Congress Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund-Continued

Ford Foundation -Continued Support of advisory groups of the Task Force on Goals, Organization, and Planning Foreign program, various contributors Support of the program for cataloging material purchased under Public Law 480 in Israel Support of the program for the purchase of material in Bangladesh under Public Law 480 Support of the program for the purchase of material in foreign countries under Public Law 480 Fiscal year 1981 Fiscal year 1982 Fiscal year 1983

Acquisition of publications from Southeast Asia Acquisition of publications from Brazil

Acquisition of publications from Sri Lanka

Acquisition of publications from the Middle East

Acquisition of publications from Nepal Acquisition of publications from Burma

Forest Press, Inc. Toward the cost of a five-year project to edit the 19th edition of the Dewey Decimal Classification

Friends of Music, various donors Furtherance of music Friends of the Folk Archive, various donors Expenses of the Archive of Folk Song

German Marshall Fund of the United States Expenses of a study .of corporate-shareholder tax integration in selected European countries by the Con- gressional Research Service

Gish (Lillian) Foundation Furtherance of the Library's programs

Goff (Frederick R.) Memorial Fund Acquisition of materials for the rare book collection and special collections of the Library Gottscho (Samuel H.) Fund Acquisition of photographic negatives from the Gottscho-Schleisner Archives

Heineman Foundation Purchase of Library material of special interest to the Music Division Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund-Continued Hispanic Publication Fund, various donors For use by the Librarian in the support of Hispanic activities of the Library Insurance Company of North America Furtherance of the Library's preservation program IBM Corp. Toward preparation of the Charles and Ray Eames Collection Kennedy (John F.) Center for the Performing Arts Purchase of library materials for the center Knight, John Furtherance of the Library's program for the blind Knoxville International Energy Exposition Toward expenses of a folklife festival in conjunction with the 1982 World's Fair League of Arab States Support of conference on Arab-American literature Librarian's Office, various donors Purchase of special material for the office Toward expenses of support services Loeffler, Elise Fay, bequest Purchase of music Louchheim, Katie S. Processing her papers in the Manuscript Division Louchheim (Katie and Walter) Fund Distribution of tape recordings of concerts to broadcasting stations Louisiana Colonial Records Project, various con- To microfilm Louisiana colonial documents tributors Luce, Clare Boothe Furtherance of the work of organizing her persona1 papers in the Library of Congress Luce, Henry R. Furtherance of the work of organizing the Clare Boothe Luce papers in the Library of Congress Mellon, Paul Purchase of a collection of Sigmund Freud letters Middle East Studies Association Expenses of the Near East Union List Project Morrow (Malcolm) Memorial Fund Acquisition of scientific materials for the collections of the Library Mumford (L. Quincy) Memorial Fund Purchase of retrospective children's literature for addition to the collections Appendix .lo

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984

does not include securities, valued at approximately $76,000, held by the American Security and Trust Company for the Trust Fund Board. All of the income accrues to the Library of Congress.

A-39 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund-Continued

Naval Historical Foundation Processing the Naval Historical Foundation Collec- . tions deposited in the Library of Congress Organization of American States Preparation of a third edition of the National Direc- tory of Latin Americanists Pickford (Mary) Foundation Support of programs related to the history and development of the motion picture industry Pickford (Mary) Theater Dedication Fund Expenses of dedicating the Mary Pickford Theater Portner (Mildred Chaffin) Fund Toward expenses to retain in a consulting capacity experts in the preservation of records created by the Library of Congress Program for the blind, various donors Furtherance of the Library's program for the blind Publications, various donors Toward expenses of publications Radio Corporation of America For use by the Music Division Research Libraries Group, various donors Acquisition of publications from Eastern Africa Rhode Island, State of Support of the Rhode Island Folklife Project Rizzuto, Angelo A., estate of Arrangement, publication, and preservation of the photographs of New York known as the Anthony Angel Collection Ross (Arthur)Foundation Expenses of a reception to celebrate the publication of The Library of Congress: Its Architecture and Decoration Rowman and Littlefield, Inc. Editing and preparation costs in connection with the quinquennial edition of the Library.. of Congress National Union Catalog Preparation cost in connection with the filming of the Slavic (Cyrillic) Union Catalog Schwartz (Bern) Photographic Fund Acquisition of original photographic prints, negatives, and transparencies

Seagram (Joseph E.) & Sons, Inc. Expenses of matting photographs from the Seagram County Court House Project Sham, Donald Purchase of backup microfilm copies of damaged volumes in the Law Library . Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1 983

Fund and donor Purpose

Library of Congress Gift Fund- Continued Skaggs Foundation Support of the Federal Cylinder Project Sonneck, Oscar G., bequest Purchase of an original music manuscript or manuscripts Stern (Alfred Whital) Publication Fund Toward expenses of cataloging the Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana Surplus Book Disposal Project, various donors Toward expenses of the project Task force on Goals, Organization, and Planning, Support of advisory groups of this organization various donors Time-Life Books, Inc. Purchase of library materials for the collections of the Rare Book and Special Collections Division Times Mirror Support of expenses of the dinner honoring the book Treasures of the Library of Congress Tinker Foundation Support of the third edition of the National Directory of Latin Americanists United States-SpanishCommittee for Educational and Support of Spanish Scholars of the Council of Scholars Cultural Affairs United Technologies Support of the American Cowboy Exhibition Waters (Edward N.) Fund Publication of facsimiles of rare and significant items, especially manuscripts, in the Music Division Wilkins, Emily Howell, estate of Purchase of antique stringed musical instruments Total, Library of Congress Gift Fund ...... Revolving fund service fees American Folklife Center Support of publications and related expenses Cafritz Foundation Scholarly Activities Fund Support of publication of Library exhibit catalogs and related expenses Clapp Werner W.) Publication Fund Support of publications Da Capo Fund Support of concerts, publications, recordings, and broadcasts relating to Music Division programs and collections Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded' Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984

Reflects transfer of previous year's receipts to the American Folklife Center. . loReflects transfer of previous year's receipts to the Center for the Book. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Fund and donor Purpose

Revolving fund service fees-Continued

Frissell (Toni) Fund Maintenance of the Toni Frissell Collection of photographs in the Library of Congress

Green (Constance McLaughlin) Revolving Fund Support of materials related to the Library of Congress and its collections Photoduplication Service Support of reproduction of materials in various forms

Pickford (Mary) Company Support of the preservation of motion picture and television program films from nonprofit film archives

Recording Laboratory Support of reproduction of materials in recorded form

Traveling Exhibits Fund Support of traveling exhibits

Various Donors Conversion of motion picture film to a safety base Totalservice fees ...... Total, all gift and trust funds ...... Appendix 10

Unobligated Unobligated Income or balance balance from receipts Total available Obligated forwarded Principal previous year 1983 for obligation 1983 to 1984 Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

SUMMARY OF TREASURY DNVESTMENT

Permanent loan principal Balance October 1, 1982 ...... $4,793,384.71 Plus additions December6,1982 ...... 21,913.00 January6,1983 ...... 300,000.00 February16,1983 ...... 50.00

81/2% market bonds due May 15, 1994-99, purchased on January 7, 1976 (face value $1,340,000) ...... Permanent loan balance September 30, 1983 ...... 5,115,347.71

Income invested in 16% market notes due September 30, 1983 (face value $705,000) ...... 718,738.57

Income invested in market bills: 7.4896, due December 30, 1982 (face value $190,000)...... 186,960.21 7.80%, due March 31, 1983 (face value $130,000) ...... 125,268.00 8.45%, due September 29, 1983 (face value $30,000) ...... 28,774.75 1,059,741.53 Appendix 10

AND RELATED INCOME

Interest on Interest on Interest on 81/2 % market bonds short-term Total income permanent loan due May 15, 1994-99 (net) securities fiscal 1983 Appendix 11 Legislation

PublicLaw 97-276, approved October 1,1982,made continuing appropriations for fiscal year 1983 through September 30, 1983, for the legislative branch. This act provides funds for the Library of Congress as follows: Salaries and Expenses Library of Congress ...... $120,303,000 Copyright Office...... 10,477,000 Congressional Research Service ...... 33,851,000 Books for the blind and physically handicapped ...... 33,384,000 Collection and distribution of library materials ...... 4,438,000 Furniture and furnishings ...... 1,226,000 Public Law 97-366, approved October 25, 1982, amended section 110,of the copyright law to provide an exemption for nonprofit veterans' and fraternal organizations from the requirement of paying certain performance royalty fees for musical works which are used for charitable purposes. The act also amended section 708 of the copyright law to replace the registration fee schedule with a filing fee schedule. Public Law 98-51, approved July 14, 1983, made appropriations for fiscal year 1984 through September 30, 1984, for the legislative branch. This act provides funds for the Library of Con- gress as follows: Salaries and bpenses Library of Congress ...... 130,728,000 Copyright Office ...... 16,181,000 Congressional Research Service ...... 36,620,000 Books for the blind and physically handicapped ...... 35,099,000 Collection and distribution of library materials ...... 2,962,000 Furniture and furnishings ...... 1,524,000 Public Law 98-63, approved July 30,1983,made supplemental appropriations for fiscal 1983.The act appropriated the following additional amounts for increased pay costs: Salaries and Expenses Library of Congress ...... 3,937,000 Copyright Office...... 180,000 Congressional Research Service ...... 1,389,000 Appendix 12 Exhibits

NEW MAJOR EXHIBITIONS ART, POETRY, AND A WAY TO BROOKLYN. Currier & Ives prints, stereopticon cards, posters, wood THE KIRALFY BROTHERS PRESENT . . . Thirteen full- engravings, photographs, and trade cards featur- color posters depicting scenes from ten of the ing diverse images of the Brooklyn Bridge. Kiralfy Brothers' spectacular theatrical produc- Opened April 1983. tions. October 1982 to May 1983. MARY PICKFORD, "AMERICA'S SWEETHEART," 1893-1979. Costumes, a bronze bust of Mary Pickford, PANORAMIC MAPS OF NORTH AMERICAN CITIES. Fifty-one cities in the United States and Canada during the photographs, posters, scrapbooks, and other late nineteenth and twentieth centuries por- memorabilia were among ninety items featured trayed as if viewed from an elevation of two in this exhibition. May 1983 to July 1983. thousand to three thousand feet at an oblique CELEBRATIONOF THE GERMAN TRICENTENNIAL.Broad- angle. November 1982 to September 1983. sides, prints, sheet music, and rare books were included in this exhibit marking the tricenten- CURRIER 8r IVES REVISITED.Fifty lithographs from the nial of German settlement in America. The ex- Library's collection of thirty-eight hundred Cur- hibit focused on the impact of Germanic cultures rier & Ives originals, chosen to exemplify the on the United States. Opened June 1983. various types, qualities, and styles of works produced by Currier & Ives. December 1982 to LEWIS HINE, REFORMER WITH A CAMERA. Si~ty-one September 1983. photographs taken from the original Lewis Hine albums documenting the mistreatment of chil- AMERICA IN THE WAR. Created by Artists for Vic- dren under substandard working conditions. tory, Inc., a group of American artists who These pictures were instrumental in the passage joined together to use their talents "in prosecu- of the Child Labor Law in 1916.Opened August tion of World War I1 and the protection of,the 1983. country," these prints demonstrate what these MAPPING THE NORTH AMERICAN PLAINS. Maps drawn artists thought and felt about World War 11. by Lewis and Clark and a map of the battle plan February 1983 to July 1983. of Little Big Horn by Sioux chief Redhorse were included in this exhibit of more than seventy THE AMERICAN COWBOY. More than 370 objects, maps tracing the image of the North American including artifacts, paintings, prints, posters, plains from the sixteenth century to the turn of books, film clips, and sheet music, are displayed the twentieth. Opened August 1983.. in one of the largest exhibitions of visual material on the cowboy ever assembled. Seventy RAILROAD MAPS OF NORTH AMERICA, THE F'IRST ONE other institutions and private collectors loaned HUNDRED YEARS. Fifty-four maps illustrating the items to the exhibit to add to the materials drawn growth of travel and settlement and the develop- from the Library's collections. Opened March ment of industry and agriculture in the United 1983. States, Canada, and Mexico. Opened September 1983. WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 40TH ANNUAL EXHIBITION.Included were more than 150 black- SPECIAL EXHIBITS and-white and color photographs of 1982 events taken by members of the association. Opened ELEVENTH ANNUAL LC EMPLOYEE ARTAND mwr SHOW. April 1983. December 1982 to February 1983. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

CONTINUING MAJOR EXHIBITS WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 38TH ANNUAL EX- HIBITION. Shown in American embassies and con- FOCUS ON THE PERFOFWING ARTS: THE PORTRAIT sulates overseas, including: Nicosia, Cypress; PHOTOGRAPHY OF BERN SCHWARTZ. Closed October Trieste, Italy; Naples, Italy; Milan, Italy; Izmir, 1982. Turkey; Ankara, Turkey; and Madrid, Spain.

RECENT ACQUISITIONS OF FINE PRINTS. Closed March WHITE HOUSE NEWS PHOTOGRAPHERS 39TH ANNUALEX- 1983. HIBITION. Shown in San Diego, California; Odessa, Texas; Brea, California; Boston, JAMES MADISON AND THE SEARCH FOR NATIONHOOD. Massachusetts; Peoria, Illinois; Fairbanks, Closed November 1982. Alaska; and Austin, Texas.

GENERATION TO GENEMTION: SHARING THE INTANGIBLE. A NATION OF READERS. Closed November 1982. Shown in Phoenix, Arizona; San Bernardino, California; Spartansburg, South Carolina; Den- TO GROWL WARNINGS: CARTOONISTS ON FDR. Closed ton, Texas; Louisville, Kentucky; Vallejo, December 1983. California; Buffalo, New York; and Lexington, Kentucky.

CONTINUING SPECIAL EXHIBITS HOUSES OF JUSTICE: COUNTY COURT ARCHITECTURE. Shown in Carbondale, Illinois; New York City; LEVINE, OSBORN AND SOREL. Opened August 1982. Dayton, Ohio; San Bernardino, California; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; St. Louis, Missouri; THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE LAW LIBRARY. Closed and Boston, Massachusetts. March 1983. FOCUS ON THE PERFORMING ARTS: THE PORTRAIT THE LIBRARIANS OF CONGRESS. Opened September PHOTOGRAPHY OF BERN SCHWARTZ. Shown in Ur- 1983. bana, Illinois.

AMERICA IN THE WAR. Shown in McLean, Virginia; TRAVELING EXHIBITS and Fort Bliss, Texas.

AUTOCHROMES: COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY COMES OF AGE. Shown in Mobile, Alabama; Oberlin, Ohio; EXHIBITS DEVELOPED FOR TRAVELING Montreal, Canada; Albuquerque, New Mexico; and Tampa, Florida. CURRIER & IVES, REVISITED LEWIS HINE, REFORMER WITH A CAMERA WOMEN LOOK AT WOMEN. Shown in Tarbell, 11- linois; Painesville, Ohio; University Center, THE AMERICAN COWBOY Michigan; Norton, Massachusetts; Knoxville, Tennessee; and Denton, Texas. THE CELEBRITY PHOTOGRAPHS OF ARNOLD GENTHE Concerts, Lectures, and Other Programs

CONCERTS Presented under the Auspices of the Elizabeth James Ostryniec, oboe; Faye-Ellen Silverman, Sprague Coolidge Foundation piano; The Norman Scribner Choir, directed by Norman Scribner. 1982 NOVEMBER 19. The Concord String Quartet. OCTOBER 30. Continuum; Joel Sachs, Director. DECEMBER 2. The Amad6 Trio. 1983 DECEMBER 17, 18. The Juilliard String Quartet. JANUARY 14. Jan DeGaetani, mezzo-soprano; Gilbert Kalish, piano. 1983 APRIL 22. The Hilliard Ensemble. JANUARY 7. Luis Leguia, violoncello; Alan Mandel, piano. Presented under the Auspices of the Gertrude Clarke Whittall Foundation JANUARY 8. Faith Esham, soprano; Thomas 1982 Muraco, piano.

OCTOBER 1. The Juilliard String Quartet. MARCH 19. Music from Marlboro.

OCTOBER 7, 8. The Juilliard String Quartet. MARCH 24, 25. The Juilliard String Quartet. OCTOBER 14, 15. The Juilliard String Quartet. MARCH 31, APRIL 1. The Juilliard String Quartet. OCTOBER 18. The Deller Consort. APRIL 5. An Evening with Queen Victoria. OCTOBER 21, 22. The Juilliard String Quartet with Eliot Fisk, guitar. APRIL 7, 8. The Juilliard String Quartet with OCTOBER 23. Thomas Riebl, viola; Susan Tomes, Yefim Bronfman, piano- piano. APRIL 9. Music from Marlboro. NOVEMBER 6. Colin Carr, violoncello; Francis Grier, piano. APRIL 14, 15. The Juilliard String Quartet. NOVEMBER 13. Mitchell Stern and Todd Phillips, violins; Sarah Clarke and Matthias Buchholz, APRIL 30*Music from violas; Judith Serkin, violoncello; Marc Marder, double bass; Robin Grahm, French horn. MAY 11. The American String Quartet.

NOVEMBER 17. Vladimir Ussachevsky, lecturer; JUNE 19. Harvey Phillips, tuba; The Lehnert Duo. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Presented under the Auspices of the Presented under the Auspices of the McKim Fund Boris and Sonya Kroyt Memorial Fund

DECEMBER 10. Takayo Urakawa, violin; Franz MARCH 11. The Sequoia String Quartet. Rupp, piano. Presented under the Auspices of the Louis Charles Elson Memorial Fund JANUARY 28. Elmar Oliveira, violin; Robert McDonald, piano. DECEMBER 2. H. C. Robbins Landon, lecturer; The FEBRUARY 4. Ruth Laredo, piano; Arturo Amad6 Trio. Delmoni, violin; Nathaniel Rosen, violoncello. Presented under the Auspices of Scandinavia MARCH 18. Uto Ughi, violin; Jonathan Feldman, piano. Today

MARCH 30. The Music of Ernst Bacon.

APRIL29. Ani Kavafian, violin; Walter Trampler, NOVEMBER 5. The Fresk String Quartet. viola; Lee Luvisi, piano.

MAY 11. The American String Quartet. MAY 20. The Aurora Players.

Presented under the Auspices of the Presented under the Auspices of the William and Adeline Croft Fund Da Capo Fund

FEBRUARY 17, 18. The Beaux Arts Trio. MAY 3-8. The International Brahms Festival and Conference on the Occasion of the Ses- FEBRUARY 24, 25. The Beaux Arts Trio. quicentenary of the Birth of Johannes Brahms, jointly sponsored by the Library of Congress and MARCH 3, 4. The Beaux Arts Trio. the University of Washington (Seattle). The concerts and public lectures of the Brahms Festival were supported by the Gertrude Clarke Whittall Presented under the Auspices of the Foundation, the McKim Fund, and the Da Capo Mae and Irving JurowFund Fund, all in the Music Division, Library of Con- gress. A special contribution was received from Mercedes-Benz of North America, Inc.

OCTOBER28. New Amsterdam Ensemble. JUNE-14. Summer Chamber Music Festival. JUNE15. Summer Chamber Music Festival. NOVEMBER 12. "New Music" between the World Wars. JUNE 17. Summer Chamber Music Festival. JUNE 21. Summer Chamber Music Festival. JUNE 22. Summer Chamber Music Festival. JANUARY 21. Trevor Pinnock, harpsichord. JUNE 28. Summer Chamber Music Festival. Appendix 13

POETRY READINGS, LECIIJRES, AND DRAMATIC PERFORMANCES

1982 NOVEMBER 8. Alfred Corn and Carl Dennis reading their poems. OCTOBER 4. Anthony Hecht, 1982-84 Consultant in Poetry, reading his poems. DECEMBER 7. William Jay Smith, "Army Brat: A Dramatic Narrative for Three Voices."

MAY 2. Anthony Hecht, lecture, "Robert Lowell." FEBRUARY 22. Richard Murphy and Jon Stallwor- thy reading their poems. Presented under the Auspices of the Gertrude Clarke WhittallPoetry and Literature MARCH 1. Richard Ellmann, lecture, "Oscar Fund wilde at Oxford.,, MARCH 7. Tom Stoppard, lecturelreading 1982 . MARCH 28. Ralph Ellison reading from a OCTOBER 5. Edward Kamau Brathwaite reading novel-in-prog,ess. his poems. APRIL 5. "An Evening with Queen Victoria." A mBER12-An Evening of Scandinavian Poetry- musicalAiterary program with Prunella Scales, ~aal~el~e-~au~en,sigurdur A. Magnfisson, I= P-idge, and Richard Burnett. Sponsored Henrik Nordbrandt, Pentti Saaritsa, and Goran jointly with the Gertrude Clarke Whittall Sonnevi reading from their work. Foundation.

-BE' 18. The Deller Consort, "Music inTudor 11. Alicia Ostriker and Dave Smith mading and Stuart England." Sponsored jointly with the -their poems. Gertrude Clarke Whittall Foundation. APRIL 19. Stephen Spender, lecturelreading. OC~OBER26. Carolyn Forch6 and George Star- buck reading their poems. APRIL 25. Donald Barthelme, lecture.

MARY PICKFORD THEATER SCREENING PROGRAMS

1983 Series: The American Cowboy on Film Series: Mary Pickford and Her Contemporaries MAY 24-JUNE16. The Virginian; Trail of the MAY 11-17. A Feud in the Kentucky Hills; Vigilantes; The Good Bad Man; Travelin' on; Der Ramona: A Story of the White Man's Injustice Kaiser von Kalifornien (in conjunction with the to the Indian; My Best Girl; The Lonedale European Division and the symposium "300 Operator; The Goddess of Sagebrush Gulch; The Years of Germanic Settlement in the United Secret Sins; 100% American; Stella Maris; Zaza; States");A Ranchman's Rival; The Son-of-a-Gun; They Would Elope; The New York Hat; The North of 36; Westward the Women; The Stolen Taming of the Shrew. Ranch; The Sky Pilot; Heaven's Gate. Report of The Librarian of Congress, 1983

Television Series JULY 21. 1929-The Coming of Sound. Flight; Applause. JULY 26-SEPTEMBER 13. "Holly~ood,"Episodes 1-13, by Thames TV. AUGUST 18. Film Directors Direct TV."The Dick Powell Show: "330 Independence SW"; "Bus Special Events: Film Scholars Introduce Stop: The Covering Darkness." Seldom-Seen Films AUGUST 29. Clarence Brown at Universal. The AUGUST 1. American Madness (introduced by Goose Woman; Smouldering Fires. Lawrence W. Levine). SEPTEMBER 8. Miss Lulu Bett (introduced by AUGUST 10. The Films of Thomas Ince (intro- Thomas Cripps). duced by Steven Higgins). 'Tween Two Loves; The Forged Dispatch; The Empty Water Keg; SEPTEMBER 15. Josef von Sternberg's Flawed The Indian Massacre; The Post Telegrapher; The Classics. The Epic That Never Was; Crime and Invaders; The Favorite Son. Punishment. Library of Congress Publicationsl

ACCESSIONS LISTS. Subscriptions available to CALENDAR OF EVENTS IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. libraries from the Field Director, Library of Con- Free from the Central Services Division. gress Office, at the addresses indicated. Monthly.

BRAZIL. New Delhi-LOC, U. S. Department of CARL SCHURZ, 1829-1906:A BIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY AND State, Washington, D.C. 20520. Bimonthly. A SELECTIVE LIST OF READING MATERIALS IN ENGLISH. 1983. 20 p. Paper. Free from the European EASTERN AFRICA. Karachi-LOC, U. S .Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20520.Bimonthly. Division.

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LC CLASSIFICATION- ADDITIONS AND CHANGES. Paper. MUSIC, BOOKS ON MUSIC, AND SOUND RECORDINGS. Cataloging Distribution Service, $45 a year. Lists Paper. Cataloging Distribution Service, $100 a 207-209. year. Semiannual.

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ACQUISITIONS. NAME AUTHORITIES, CUMULATIVE MICROFORM EDITION. MANUSCRIPT DMSION, 1981. 1983. 48 p. Paper. Cataloging Distribution Service, $170. Quarterly. Free from the Central Services Division. RARE BOOK AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS DMSION, 1980. NATIONAL REGISTER OF MICROFORM MASTERS, 1981. 1982. 32 p. Paper. Free from the Rare Book 1982. Paper. Cataloging Distribution Service, and Special Collections Division. $125. Appendix 14

NATIONAL UNION CATALOG.Cataloging Distribution PRESERVATION OF LIBRARY MATERIALS: FIRST SOURCES. Service. Beginning in January 1983, the Na- 1982. 6 p. Paper. Free from the Preservation tional Union Catalog is published in microfiche Office. in parts as follows: BOOKS. $350 a year. Monthly. QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. U.S. BOOKS. $195 a year. Monthly. Published as a supplement to the Annual Report AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS. $23 a year. Quarterly. of the Librarian of Congress. Paper. $16 a year. CARTOGRAPHIC MAW.$105 a year. Quarterly. REGISTER OF ADDITIONAL LOCATIONS. $1 50 a year. Quarterly. SPEAKING OUT: PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL VIEWS ON LIBRARY SERVICE TO BLIND AND PHYSICALLY HANDI- NATIONAL UNION CATALOG OF MANUSCRIPT COLLEC- CAPPEDINDIVIDUALS. 1982.188 p. Paper. Free from mom, 1981, and INDEX, 1980-81. 2 V. Cataloging the National Library Service for the Blind and Distribution Service, $95. Physically Handicapped.

NEW SERIAL TITLES. A union list of serials held by SUPPLEMENT TO LC SUBJECT HEADINGS. Paper. libraries in the United States and Canada. Paper. Cataloging Distribution Service, $60 a year. Cataloging Distribution Service, $325 a year. 8 Quarterly, with annual cumulation. monthly issues, 4 quarterly issues, and cumulation. TALKING BOOK TOPICS. Free from the National Li- NEWS. Paper. Free from the National Library Ser- brary Service for the Blind and Physically Handi- vice for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. capped. Bimonthly. On flexible discs and in Quarterly. In print and braille. print.

NEWSPAPERS RECErVED CURRENTLY IN THE LIBRARY OF UPDATE. Paper. Free from the National Library CONGRESS. 1982. 46 p. Paper. $4.75. Service for the Blind and Physically Handi- OVERSEASOUTLOOK. Paper. Free from the National capped. Quarterly. In print and braille. ' Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. Semiannual. WESTERNS. 1983. 80 p. Paper. Free from the National Library Service for the Blind and Physi- PERSPECTIVES ON JOHN PHILIP SOUSA. 1983. 144 P. cally Handicapped. Cloth. $17. A PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR AS A BIBLIOGRAPHY, by WILBUR AND ORVILLE WRIGHT: PICTORIAL MATERIALS. Dan H. Laurence. 1983. 20 p. Paper. Free from A documentary guide by Arthur G. Renstrom. the Center for the Book. 1982. 200 p. Paper. $6.

Index

A-76 Revision, 26 see also Gifts AACR 2; see Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules 2 Acquisitions and Overseas Operations, Office of the Abbott, Marian B., x Director for (Proc) ABC Children's Television, 2 officers, ix-x, 60, 61 Abell, Arthur M., 84 Acquisitions and Processing Division (Cop), 105,109 Accessions List: Brazil, 64 officers, ix Accessions lists, A55 Adams, Andy, 21 Accounting and Disbursing system, 12 Adams, John Quincy, 84 Accounting officer, viii Adams, Melba D., x Acquisition activities, 3, 61-66, 83-87 Adams, Ralph L., viii blanket ordering, 61, 62, 65 Adams (John) Building claiming, 66 fire protection, 4,11 Congressional Research Service, 45 food services, 11 copyright deposits, 81, 84, 85, A9 relocations, 4 exchanges, 33,64-65,83, 86 restoration and renovation, 5,11,12 Law Library, 103-105,106, A9 Social Science Reading Room, 91 policy, 3 Add-on Law Library Catalog, All Research Services, A9 Add-on Main Catalog, All special ordering, 61 Add-on Music Catalog, All statistics, A9 (table) Add-on Official Catalog, All see also National Program for Acquisitions and Administration of the Library, 1-18 Cataloging (NPAC) Administrative and.Specia1 Assignment Section (CKS Acquisitions Gov), 56 Congressional Research Service, 45, A8 Administrative Detail Program, 8, 9 exchanges, A9 Administrative Law Section (CRS A), 48 for the blind and physically handicapped, A8, A9. Administrative Procedure Act, 121 A18 Administrative Systems, 78 foreign, 62-64, 85-86 Advanced Legislative Institute, 56 gifts, 32, 33, 61, 65, 83, 84, 85, 86, 103-104 Aeronautics, chair of, trust fund, A26-A27 law and legal materials, 61,103-105, A8 Affirmative action, 7-8,15 manuscript collections, 21, 34, 85, 104, A4--A5 Affirmative Action Applicants' File, 7 maps and atlases, 62, 85, A6A7 Affirmative Action Fellowship Program, 8, 15, 16 microforms, 86-87, A647 Affirmative Action Office, 7 motion pictures, 82, 84, A6-A7, A8 officers, vii, 8 music, 4, A6--A7 Affirmative Action Recruitment Task Force, 8 newspapers, 86, A6--A7 Affirmative Action Research and Analysis project, 15 prints and photographs, 3, 62, 65, 85, A&A7 Affirmative Action Seminars, 8 purchases, 33, 61--62, 84, 85, 104--105, A3, A8 (table) African and Middle Eastern Division, 87, 95, 97 rare books, 34, 83,104 officers, xi serials, 61 reader services, A18-A17 sources, A&A9 (table) African Bibliographic Center, 86 statistics, A&A7 African Section (Afr/ME), officers, xi transfer of funds or materials, 65, 85, 86, 89, 105, A8. Africana, 86 A9 Africana Acquisitions Fund, A32433 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Africana Collection, A32 American Law Division (CRS), 42,4749 Africana Directions, 94 officers, viii AFSCME (American Federation of State, County, and American Library Association (ALA), 10, 60, 67, 80, Municipal Employees), 14,15,1G 90, 96, 97 Agencies, federal; see U.S. government agencies conferences, 2, 23, 76, 79 Agencies, state and local, A9 gift funds, A32-A33 Air Force, U.S., 103 president, 19 ALA; see American Library Association American Library Association-Association for Li- Alaska, State of, gift fund, A32-A33 brary Service to Children, 22 Albin, Michael W., x, 64 American literature, gift and trust funds, A26A27, An Album of Modern Poetry, 94 A28-A29, A30-A31, A34-A35 Alfonso IX, King (Spain), 103 American Madness, A54 Alfonso X, King (Spain), 104 American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 73, 79, Alfonso XI, King (Spain), 104 80 Alim, Barbu, xi American Philosophical Society Yearbook, 94 Amade Trio, 95, A51, A52 American Printing House for the Blind, 28, 33 Amarcord, 84 American Psychological Association Ameling, Elly, 94 archives, A32 "America in the War," exhibit, 24, A49, A50 gift funds, A32-A33 American Antiquarian Society, 71 American Revolution, 90-91 American Association for the Advancement of Slavic American-Scandinavian Foundation, gift funds, A32- Studies, gift fund, A32-A33 A33 American Bar Association, gift fund, A32-A33 American Sea Songs and Shanties, 94 American Bibliography of Slavic and East European American Sociological Association, papers, 65 Studies, 94 American String Quartet, A51, A52 American Biograph, 82 AMIGOS Bibliographic Council, 25 American-British Law Division (LL), 101 Anami, Motoki, 64 officers, ix "And Now. ..Read About It!," 1-2 American Council of Learned Societies, 83 Andersen (Hans Christian) Awards Committee, 22 gift fund, A8, A32-A33 Anderson, Sherwood, 84 The American Cowboy, 33, A55 Andre, Pamela Q., x "The American Cowboy," exhibit, 10,12,19-20, 21, 23, Angel (Anthony) Collection, A40 24, 27, 81, A42, A49, A50 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules i [AACR 21, 60, "The American Cowboy on Film," series, 81, A53 67, 70, 76

American Doctoral Dissertations on the Arab World: Annenberg Fund, Inc., A32433 ' Supplement, 1975-1981, 34, 94, A55 Annex; see Adams (John) Building .herican Enterprise Institute, 37, 101 Annexes; see Buildings of the Library, annexes American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Anniversaries Employees (AFSCME), 14,15,16 Armed Services Editions, 28 American Film Institute, 81 Brahms, Johannes, sesquicentenary, 96, A52 American Folklife Center, 10,19-22, 27, A43n Brooklyn Bridge, centennial, 24 concerts, 20 German tricentennial, 24, 28, 95, 96, A3, A49 officers, vii, 20 Gibran, Kahlil, centennial, 95 reader services, A16-A17 Haydn, Franz Joseph, 95, A3 American Folklife Center Fund, A32-A33, A42-A43 Historic American Buildings Survey, 89 American Heritage, 83 Law Library, A32, A50 American history New Delhi field office, 63 chair, A26 Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress, 35 gift and trust funds, A26--A27, A30431 Rosenwald, Lessing J., first gift, 96 An American in Paris, 84 Treaty of Paris, bicentennial, 90 "American Indian and Eskimo Music: A Selected Annotated Card Series, 69 Bibliography through 1981," 21 Annual Report (1981), 83 American Institute of Architects, 89 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress, A57 American Institute of Architects Foundation, Inc., gift "Annual Summary of Records Holdings," 14 funds, A32433 Antarctic Rihliography, 34, 94, A55 INDEX 1-3

APIF (Automated Process Information File), 62, 65,66, tralia, Canada, and the United States, 79 68, 69, 76, 78 Astras, Ursule, 21

Appenzeller, Terry L., 27 AT & T, 14 ' Applause, A54 Atiyeh, George N., xi, 86 Appropriations, 4,5,12,30, 61, A48 Atlases; see Maps and atlases acquisitions from appropriated funds, A8 Audio material, acquisitions, A4-A5 statistics, A23, A2445 Audiobriefs, 41 Arab-American literature symposium, 23, A38 Audiovisual and Office Systems Section (AIS), 39 Arab Oil: A Bibliography of Materials in the Library Audiovisual Materials, 74, 77, 78, A13 of Congress, 34, A55 . Audiovisual materials, copyright, 116,121 Arabic material, 86 Audiovisual Section (Spec Mat Cat), 68 Arabic Reading Collection Program, 64 Audiovisual systems, 39 The Arabs in the United States: A Selected List of Audiovisual Unit (CRS AIS), 41 References. 34, A55 Auman, Elizabeth H., xii Aramayo, Susan B., ix Aurora Players, A52 Architect of the Capitol, 4,5,12 Austin, Judith P., xi Office of, 106 Austin, Richard H., viii Architecture, exhibit, A50 The Austrian Law on Extradition and Mutual Assist. Archive of Folk Culture, 21-22, A36 ance in Criminal Matters, 103 officers, vii Authorities: A MARC Format, 76 Archive of Folk Song; see Archive of Folk Culture Authorities institutes, 60, 80 Archive of Hispanic Literature on Tape, 86 Authority records, 60, 67, 70, 71,73, 76 Archives, Personal Papers, Manuscripts: A Cataloging "Autochromes: Color Photography Comes of Age," Manual . . ., 68,94 exhibit, A50 Area Studies, 85-86,95 Automated Correspondence Management System, 110 officers, x, xi, 64, 83, 98 Automated Information Services, Office of (CRS), Armed Services Editions, 23,28 39--41 Armstrong, James C., x, 62,63 officers, viii Army, U.S. Department of, 87,103 Automated Process Information File (APIF), 62,65, 66, Army Brat, 95 68, 69, 76, 78 "Army Brat: A Dramatic Narrative for Three Voices," Automated Systems Office (ALM), 4, 8, 9, 10, 12, 19, A53 39, 40, 75, 77, 110 "Art, Poetry, and a Way to Brooklyn," exhibit, 24, A49 officers, vii Artcraft Printing Company, 85 Automation; see Computers and Data processing Artists for Victory: An Exhibition Catalog, 34, A55 Automation and Reference Collections Section (GRR), Artists for Victory, Inc., 24, A49 officers, xi Asia/Latin America Section (CRS F), 54 Automation officer (Res), xi Asian Division, 87, 92, 95 Automation Orientation Center, 4,9 officers, xi, 82 Automation Planning and Liaison Office (Proc), 69, reader services, A16-A17 70, 74, 75, 76, 77 Asian/Pacific American Librarians Association Dis- officers, x tinguished Service Award, 96, Autumn Sonata, 84 Assignment, Reference, and Special Services, Office Avram, Henriette D., x, 60, 72, 73, 79 of (CRS), 41-46 officers, viii Babine, Alexis V., bequest, A8, A26-A27 Assistant Librarian for Copyright Services; see Regis- Bacon, Ernst, A52 ter of Copyrights Bailey, Pearl, 29 Assistant Librarian for processing Services, ix, 60 Baker, Holly Cutting, 21 Assistant Librarian for Research Services, x, 94 Baker and Taylor Company, gift funds, A32-A33 Associate Librarian for Management, vii Baldwin, Dalton, 94 Office of, 7-18 Ballantyne, Lygia, 64 Associate Librarian for National Programs, vii, 19 Balogh, Erno, 84 Associate Librarian of Congress, vii, 5 Bangladesh, A36 Association of American Publishers, 113 Bankruptcy Act, A2 Association of Bibliographic Agencies of Britain, Aus- Bankruptcy Court, A2 1-4 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Barnet, Will, 35 Binding Office, 91,106 Barnouw, Erik, 81 officer, xi Barrymore, Ethel, 84 Binding Unit, 13 Barthelme, Donald, 95, A53 Black, Hugo, papers, 85 Bartley, Linda K., x Black Orpheus, 84 Barton, Ralph, 84 Blake; Eubie, 84 Baryshnikov, Mikhail, 1 Blancheri, Howard A,, vii Basic Computer Concepts, 39 Blanket Order Section, 62 Basic Legislative Institute, 56 Blind and physically handicapped, services to, 28-33 Basic Manual Communications Course, 16 acquisitions, A8, A9, A18 Batiste, Angel, 34 appropriations, 30, A24-A25, A48 Baugh (Harvey) Memorial Fund, A32-A33 copyright and, 127 Bayar, Belma, 103 data processing, 28-29,30 Beal, Edwin G., xiii distribution of materials, 13 Beaux Arts Trio, 95,A52 employment statistics, A23 Beethoven Association, A30 gift and trust funds, A26-A27, A28-A29, A38-A39, Bellefontaine, Arnold G., vii A4-41 Belmear (Herbert W.) Memorial Fund, A32-A33 publications, A55, A56, A57 Beni Librari, 69 statistics, AT-0 (table) Benjamin (William Evarts) Fund, A26-A27 volunteers, 31, A18, A19 Bequests, forms of, vi see also National Library Service for the Blind and Bergman, Ingmar, 84 Physically Handicapped Bernard, Patrick S., x Bloch, Ernest, 65, 84 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Bluestone, Irving, 1 Artistic Property, 126, 127, 128, 129 Boardman, True, 35,81 Bernier, Bernard A,, Jr., xii Bolivar, Simbn, 103 Bernstein, Leonard, 65 Bollingen Foundation, 35 Berwick, Philip C., ix Bollingen Prize in Poetry, 95 Bessie, Simon Michael, 2 Bonham, Donald H., xi Betz, Elisabeth, 94 "A Book Can Change Your Life," 2 BibFlip, 70 Book conveyor system, 106 Bibles, 68, 89 Book Garden, funds for support of, A32 Bibliographic data, 61, 64, 76 Book-of-the-Month Club, Inc., gift funds, A32-A33 Bibliographic data bases, 45, 60 Book paging system, 10, 43,106 Bibliographic records, 13, 33, 61, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, Book Service Section (Col Mgmt), officers, xi 75, 76, 78, 93,105 Books in Print, 66 Bibliographic Retrieval Services 25 "Books Make a Difference," 2 Bibliographic services, 25, 30, 63,100 "Books Make a Difference: Twenty Years of the Li- brary of Congress through Indian Eyes," exhibit, trust funds for, A26-A27 63 Bibliographic Services (Photodup), assistant chief for, Book of hours, 89 viii Boorstin, Daniel J., vi, vii, xii, xvii, 5, 14, 20, 63, 64, Bibliographic Services Development Program, 72 115, A2 Bibliographic Systems, 78 Boorstin, Mrs. Daniel J., 63, 64 Bibliographical Center for Research, 25 Bosworth, Barry, 37 Bibliographical Society of America, 97 Bowker (R.R.) Company, 66 Bibliographies, 21, 22, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 43, 44, 88, trust fund, A26427 93-94, A57 Bozarth, George, 95 gift and trust funds to support, A32-A33 Brahms, Johannes, 84, 91,95,96, A52 law and legal materials, 100,101,102,103,104 Brahms Festival, 28, 84, 91, 94--95, A3, A52 statistics, A16 Braille Book Review, 29, A55 see also titles of published bibliographies Braille 6ooks, 16, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 127, A18, A19, Bill Digest, 10, 39, 48 A20 Bill Digest Section (CRS A), 48 Braille Books, 1982, A55 Binding, statistics, 91, 107, A22 Braille codes, 32 INDEX

Brannan, Beverly, 96 C & P Telephone Company, 14 Brathwaite, Edward Kamau, A53 C-1 cassette machine, 33 Bratislava Biennale, 22 Cable television, copyright, 6, 109, 115, 116-117, 126, Brazil, A36 129,139 accessions list, A55 Cafritz (Morris and Gwendolyn) Foundation, 89 field director, x gift funds, A32435 see also Rio de Janeiro Cafritz Foundation Scholarly Activities Fund, A42-A43 Bridge, Peter H., x Cairo, Egypt, field office, 63-64 Briefings, 37, 47, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 59,99, 100401 Calendar of Events in the Library of Congress, A55 British Columbia, University of, 93 California, University of, at Los Angeles, 76 British Library, 64, 77 Camille, 84 Brittle books and serials, A22 Campos, Orlando L., ix Broadcasts, A42 Camus, Marcel, 84 LC concerts, A38 Canada, National Library of, 23,91,93 Broderick, John C., x, 96 Canadian Prelaw Handbook, 108 Bronfman, Yefim, A51 Canfield, Earl, viii ' Brooke, Edward, papers, 89 Capitol (U.S.), A32 Brookings Institution, 37 Law Library Capitol branch, 98,100,101,106 Brooklyn Bridge, 24, A49 Library station, xi Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, records, 85 Capitol Hill Information Seminar, 36,39 Brown, Clarence, A54 Caponio, Joseph F., 27 Brown, Margaret L., 34 Captured German Documents Collection, 92 Brownstein, Cy, viii Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), 11-12 Bruch, Max, 84 Career Resource Center, 16 Briinken, Erika von, 92 Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, 117 Brussels Satellite Convention, 129 Caribbean Basin Initiative, 128 Buchholz, Matthias, A51 Caricature drawings, 85,95 Budget officer, viii exhibit, 24,96 Buenos Aires Convention (1910), 131-134,135n trust funds, A30-A31 Buffet room, 11 Carl Schurz, 1829-1906: A Biographical Essay and a Buildings Graphics Facility, 13.14 Selective List of Reading Materials in English, 34, Buildings management, 11-12 A55 Buildings Management Division, 10 Carneal, Robert B., xii officers, viii Carnegie Corporation of New York, trust fund, A26 Buildings of the Library A27 annexes, 4,12,13,14 Carpenter, Humphrey, 22 appropriations, 4, 5.12 Carr, Colin, A51 restoration and renovation, 4,11 Carrington, David K., xii see also Adams (John) Building; Jefferson (Thomas) Carroll, Frank J., xii, 97 Building; and Madison (James) Memorial Build- Carter, Constance, xi ing Carter, William E., 82, 93 Bunker Hill, Battle of, map, 85 Cartographic history (U.S.), honorary consultant, xiii Burford, Anne Gorsuch, 53 Cartographic materials cataloging, 88 Burke, Michael D., ix copyright, 109 Burma, A36 Cartography; see Maps and atlases Burnett, Edmund C., A34 Cartoon drawings, 85 Burnett, Richard, A53 trust funds, A30-A31 Burney, Thomas D., xi Cassette books, 30.31, 32.33 "Bus Stop: The Covering Darkness," A54 Cassette Books, 1982, A55 Bush, Nancy F., vii Cassette machines, 29,30, 32,33 Bush, Stephen E., vii Catalog cards Business/Government Relations Section (CRS E), 49 photoduplication, A21 Business Week Magazine, gift funds, A32-A33 printing, A15 (table) Byrum, John D., Jr., x sales and distribution, A13 (table), A14 (table), A15 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

(table) Cattle Queen of Montana, 20 statistics, 77, 78, All (table), A12 (table) CBS Network Radio, 1 Catalog Management and Publication Division (Proc), CBS Television, "Read More About It," 1.94 4, 10, 77, 78 "Celebration of the German Tricentennial," exhibit, officers, x A49 Cataloging, 66-79 "The Celebrity Photographs of Arnold Genthe," ex- cartographic materials, 88 hibit, A50 cooperative, 67, 70-71 Center for the Book, 1-2,22,34, k43n descriptive, 66-68, 70, 71,105, A10 executive director, vii gift funds for, A3GA37, A42-A43 gift funds, A8, A34-A35 graphic materials, 94 National Advisory Board, 2 -instruction, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 76, 97 Central administrative services, 13-14 manuals, 68, 94 "Central America-News Summary," 43 manuscripts, 94 Central Charge File, 87 microform, 71-72, 76 Central Services Division, 13,23 minimal-level, 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, A6A7, A10 officers, viii music, 68, 69 Centrex Rate Stability Plan, 14 newspaper, 97 Centro Venezolano Arnericano, gift funds, A34-A35 prints and photographs, 89 Chang, Sen Don, 88 production, 67 Chaplin, Charlie, 35, 84 serials, 74 Character sets, 9, 73 shared, 25, 62, 66, 67, 68, 71 Charles, Barbara, 20 special materials, 66, 67, 68 Chase, Janet, vii statistics, A10 (table) Chew, Benjamin, 85 subject, 68-70, 71, 105, A10 Chicago, University of, 70 see also Cataloging distribution; MARC; and Na- Chief internal auditor, vii tional Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging Child Labor Law, A49 (NPAC) Childers, John, vi Cataloging, Office of the Director for (Proc), officers, Children and Young Adult Discussion Group of the x, 60, 80 District of Columbia Library Association, 22 Cataloging and Control System, 10 Children's Book Council, 22 Cataloging and maintenance of catalogs, statistics, Children's Book Week, 22 A104l2 (tables) Children's Books, 22 Cataloging distribution, 78-79 Children's Books, Catalog of, statistics, All employment statistics, A23 Children's Books, 1982: A List of Books for Preschool statistics, A13-A15 (table) through Junior High School Age, 35, A55 Cataloging Distribution Service (Proc), 9, 12, 18, 74, Children's literature, 22 77, 78-79, A24n gift funds, A32-A33, A3SA39 card catalogs, A14 Children's Literature Association, 22 officers, x Children's Literature Center, 22 Cataloging Division (Cop), 109 officers, vii, 22 officers, ix reader services, A16417 Cataloging in Publication (CIP), 66, 78 Childs (James Bennett) Fund, A34-A35 Cataloging in Publication Division, 66 China, People's Republic of officers, ix, 80 acquisitions, 86-87 Cataloging Instruction Office (Proc), office'rs, x constitutions, 108 Cataloging Service Bulletin, A55 National Library, 65 Catalogs, book and microform, 19,20,29,31,33,34, 61 Chinese and Korean Section (Asian), officers, xi sales and distribution, A13 (table), A14 (table) Chinese Cooperative Catalog, 77, 78, A13 see also titles of specific book catalogs Chinese materials, 60, 62, 67, 70, 71, 86, 88 Catalogs, cards, 67, 78,109,110 Chinese Union Catalog, statistics, A12 statistics, 78, All (table), A12 (table) Cho, Sung Yoon, ix Cather, Willa, 35 Christiansen, Hugo W., x Catholic University School of Library Information C.Z.A. Reference Aids, 65 Science, 79 Cini-Grissom Associates, Inc., 11 INDEX

CIP; see Cataloging in Publication motion pictures, 81, 82 CIP Publishers Workshops, 66 music, 4, 21, 22, 30, 89 Circulation of materials prints and photographs, 89 automated control system, 93 rare books, 107 interlibrary loans, 31, 32, 93,106 see also Acquisitions and Preservation and care of Law Library, 106 the collections statistics, 97,106, A17 Collections planner (P & P), xii to the blind and physically handicapped, 28, 30, 31, College debate manual, 37, 53 A19 COMARC, 67 Circulation Section (Loan), officers, xi Comaromi, John P., x, 69 Civil Rights Section (CRS Gov), 56 The Coming of Sound, A54 Clapp, Verner, 83 Commerce, U.S. Department of, 113 Clapp (Verner W.) Publication Fund, 35, A42443 . Commercial Law Section (CRS A), 48 Clarence Brown at Universal, A54 Commercial Laws of the Middle East, 105 Clarke, Gertrude, estate of, gift fund, A34--A35 Committee on Representation in Machine-Readable Clarke, Sarah, A51 Form of Bibliographic Information, 76 Clarke, Stephen, 101,108 Committee prints, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 Classification, 68-70 Committee to Select Prints for Purchase under the schedules, 69,106 Pennell Fund, xii statistics, 69-70, 103, A4-A5, A10 (table), All Common Communications Format, 73 see also Decimal classification Compendium of Copyright Office Practices, 110 "Classification and Qualification Standards for the Composing Unit, 14 GS-1410 Library-Information Service Series," 26 Comprehensive Mailing List System, 28, 31 Classification Program Facts, 16 Compucorp, 12 Classified book collections, A4-A5 Compugraphic MCS system, 14 Clearing Section, 62 Computer Analysts, Ltd., Alln Cleveland, Grover, papers, 85 Computer Applications Section, 78 Clinton, Henry, 85 Computer graphics, 39,40,52 Clouzot, Henri-Georges, 84 Computer output microform, 61, 88 Codex luris Canonici, 103 Computer programs, and copyright, 110, 115, 118-121, COHD, 110 128,129-130 , COHM, 110 Computer Service Center, 9 COHS, 110 Computers, 5-6, 9,13, 23, 36, 39-40, 52, 70 Coinmaster-Sharp 850 copiers, 18 microcomputers, 10, 11, 12, 25, 26, 27, 28-29, 30, 31, COINS I11 (Copyright Office In-Process System), 110 64 Cole, James P., ix Concerts, 20, 21, 95 Cole, John Y., vii gift funds for performances and broadcasting, A3, Cole, Leon M., viii A28-A29, A30-A31, A38-A39, A42-A43 Cole, Milton, 83 list, A51-A52 Collections Development Office, 3-4, 62, 85, 87 The Concise Heritage Dictionary, 28, 33 director, vii Concord String Quartet, A51 Collections Improvement Section (Col Mgmt), officers, Cone, Edward, 94 xi Conference of Directors of National Libraries, 72 Collections Maintenance Section (Col Mgmt), officers, Conferences and symposia, Library, 1, 20, 22, 23, 27, xi 28, 34, 57, 81, 82, 84, 91, 94-95, A53 Collections management, 87-89 gift and trust funds, A3, A32-A33, A34-A35 Collections Management Division, 10 Congress (U.S.) officers, xi appropriations, 12, 81 reader services, A16A17 Committee on Energy and Commerce, 52 Collections of the Library Committee on Finance, 52 acquisitions, APA7 (table) Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 52 classified, A4 (table), A10, All Committee on Wavs and Means, 52 general, 3, 87, 88, 91, 103, A8 congressional inquiries, 5, 36, 39, 41, 4243, 49, 51, inventory, 87-88, 91 56,92,98-99, Al6n microfilmed, 17 copyright legislation, 111, 113,116, 118,128 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

documents, 37, 65 gift and.trust funds for, A28429 Joint Committee on Printing, 37 Consumer Bulletin, 31 Joint Committee on the Library, vi, A2 Consumer Relations in Network Libraries, 31 98th Congress, vi, 10,48,54,116,117 Consumer Relations Section, 31 97th Congress, 117 Contemporary Amharic Creative Literature, 33, A55 services to, 36-59,98-101 Continuum, A51 see also House of Representatives (U.S.) and Senate Contracts Section (P & S), 13 (U.S.) Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phono- Congress and Foreign Policy, 54 grams against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Congress Section (CRS A), 48 Phonograms, 131-134 Congressional Budget Office, 13, 38 Coolidge, Elizabeth Sprague, A26 Congressional Continuing Education Fund, A34-A35 Coolidge (Elizabeth Sprague) Foundation, A26-A27 Congressional Documents Unit, 44 sponsorship of concerts, A51 Congressional Organization and Operations Section Cooperative acquisitions program, 60, 61 (CRS Gov), 56 Cooperative cataloging, 67, 70-71 Congressional Reading Rooms, 1,43 Cooperative Preservation of Architectural Records, 94 Congressional Record, 10,39,87 Cooperative Reference Exchange, 23, 91 Congressional Reference Division (CRS), 4243,45 COPAR Newsletter, 94 officers, viii Copyright Congressional Research Employees Association cable television, 6,109, 115,116417,126,129, 139 (CREA), 14,38 cartographic materials, 109 Congressional Research Service, 16, 36-59,103 cataloging, 109,110 acquisitions, 45, A8 computer programs, 110,115,118-121,126,129-130 appropriations, A24-A25, A48 deposits, 6, 75, 81, 84, 85, 87, 105, 109, 114, 115, 122, automated information services, 39-41 137 (table), 142n, A9 data processing, 39-41,45 fees, 6, 10, 110, 114-115, 138, A48 employment statistics, A23 international developments, 126-130,131-134 (table) gift funds, A34-A35, A36-37 judicial developments, 118-126 inquiries statistics, 36, 38, 39, 41, 4243, 49, 51, 56, jukebox licenses and royalties, 6,109,117,139 A16n legislation, 116-118, A48 institutes, 36-37 machine-readable works, 136 interagency activities, 38-39 manufacturing clause, 113-114,122 interdivisional teams, 46, 47 motion pictures, 6, 81,109,116,121,125,128,136,137 labor-management relations, 38 music, 109,112-113,128,136,137 officers, viii-ix, 37 notice, 113,122-124,125 orientation programs, 37, 46 photoduplication, 111-112 publications, 10, 48, 57, 58 preservation techniques, 112 reference centers, 39, 43, 45 prints and photographs, 136,137 reports, 49, 50-51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 recordings, 109,113,116,128,136,137 research services, 46-59 records, 14 seminars and workshops, 36, 37, 38, 39, 44, 46, 47, registration, 81, 84, 109, 110, 111, 114, 115, 120, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58 121, 122, 123, 125, 136 (table), 137, 138 (table). television program, 53 140-142 (table), A24n, A48 CONSER, 74, 75 renewals, 109,115, 136 CONSER data base, 75 report, 111-113 CONSER Operational Staff, 74 royalty fees, 6,115,116,117, 126,139 (table), A48 CONSER operations coordinator, x television programs, 84435,114, 121, 122,126,128. CONSER Participants, 74 129 Conservation of books and other materials; see Pres- videotaping, 116,121,122,124 ervation and care of the collections Copyright Act'of 1976, 111,112,113, 114,,115, 116,117, Constitution, U.S., 122 118,119,121,122,123,125 Constitution of the United States-Analysis and In- Copyright Office, xvii, 5, 6,12, 75,105,109-130 terpretation, 48 acquisitions, A8 Constitutions of the Countries of the World, 108 appropriations, A24-A25, A48 Consultants, honorary, xiii data processing, 110 INDEX

employment statistics, A23 Cylinder recordings, 20 financial summary, 138 (table) Cylke, Frank Kurt, vii gift funds, A32-A33 . Czechoslovak Private lnternational Law, 103 officers, ix, 113 Register of Copyrights, ix, 83, ill,114,115, 116, 121, DaCapo Fund; A42-A43, A52 122,123,125,130,142n D'Alessandro, Edward A., xi regulations, 84,114,115,122,125 Danesi, Daniele, 69 Copyright Office In-Process System [COINS), 110 Dargan, Amanda, 21 Copyright Royalty Tribunal, 6,115,116,117,126,139 Darrow, Clarence, 84 Coquette, 24 Data bases, 19,25, 28, 36, 39, 40,45,49,60, 61,66, 67, Corcoran, Thomas C., papers, 85,89 68, 70, 71, 75, 77, 78,98,125 Corn, Alfred, A53 bibliographic files, 45, 60 Coronelli, Vincenso Maria, 62, 85 see also Data processing and names of specific in- Correspondence services, statistics, A17 formation systems Corvinus, Matthias, 84 Data processing, 9-11 "Cost and Benefit Issues in the Military Retirement Congressional Research Service, 39-41,45 System," 55 Copyright Office, 110 Coughlan, Margaret N., 22,35 for the blind and physically handicapped, 28-29, 30 Council of Scholars, 1, 34 Law Library, 98,102 chairman, 1 personnel, 8,10,17 gift funds, A32, A42 Processing Services, 10, 60 Council of Scholars Fund, A34--A35 security, 9 Council on Library Resources, 69, 72, 76, 79,97 serials systems, 45 gift funds, A34-A35 training and instruction, 39,40, 69,108 Court of Appeals (U.S.), 115, 119,121,122,125,126 see also Data bases and names of specific informa- Courts Section (CRS A), 48 tion systems Cowboy, American, exhibit, 10, 12, 19-20, 21, 23, 24, Davis, Ossie, 29 27, 81, A42, A49, A50 Davis, Robert A,, ix "The Cowboy Hero," 20 De jure salinarum, turn veteri turn hodierno liber "The Cowboy Image," 20 singularis, 104 "Cowboys Coming to Town for Christmas," 21 Decimal classification, 69 Coyne, William J., vi statistics, A10 Crawford, John C., x Decimal Classification Additions, Notes, and De- CREA (Congressional Research Employees Associa- cisions, 69 tion), 14, 38 Decimal. Classification Division (Proc), 68, 69,105 Creativity in Statecraft, 1, 34, A55 officers, x Creativity Symposium, 1 Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee, 69 Crime and Punishment, A54 ' Decisions of the United States Courts lnvolving Copy- Cripps, Thomas, A54 right, 111 "Crisis in the Farm Economy," 53 DeConcini, Dennis, vi Croft (William and Adeline) Fund, A34-A35, A52 Defense, U.S. Department of, Technical Information Crowninshield (Louise du Pont) Award, 89 Center, 26 Croxton, Fred E., vii Defense Mapping Agency, 85 Croy, Catherine M., vii Defense Policy and Arms Control Section (CRS F), 55 CRS Review, 38,45 DeGaetani, Jan, A51 CRS Studies in the Public Domain, 44 Dekker, Edward D., 95 CRS Update, 44 Delegation of Procurement Authority, 25 Cultural Daily, 86 Deller Consort, 95, A51, A53 Curatorial Section (M/B/RS), officers, xii Delmoni, Arturo, A52 Curran, Donald C., vii Delougaz, Nathalie P., x "Currier 8 Ives Revisited," exhibit, 24, 96, A49, A50 DEMAND system, 78. Customer Information Control System, 9 The Democratic Movement in Italy, 1830-1876, 96 Customer Information Management System, 79 Dempsey, Patrick, 96 Customer services officer, x Dennis, Carl, A53 Cutts, Mrs. Richard, 84 Departments, U.S.;see specific names REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Depository Library Program, 45 Early Anthologies, 20 Deputy Librarian of Congress, vii, 2,90 The Early Illustrated Book: Essays in Honor of Less- Descriptive cataloging, 66-68, 70, 71,1Q5 ing J. Rosenwald, 34, A56 statistics, A10 Early Notice Record, 67, 75 Descriptive Cataloging Division (Proc), 66, 67, 68, 71, East Africa, field director, x, 62, 63 88 East African Acquisitions Program, gift funds, A8 officers, x East Asian Bibliography, honorary consultant, xiii Descriptive Cataloging Policy, Office for (Proc), 67 East European studies, A32 officers, x Eastern Africa Deseret String Band, 21 accessions list, A55 Dewey decimal classification, 68, 69, 70 gift funds for acquisitions, A40-A41 Dewey Decimal Classification Eastman, Ann H., 2 editor, x Eastman (George) House, 76 gift funds for editing, A36-A37 Ebsco, Inc., 75 Diabolique, 84 Econometric Research, Inc., 8 DIALOG, 25 Economics Division (CRS), 49-51 Diario oficial, 107 officers, viii Diario de la Habana, 107 Education and Public Welfare Division (CRS), 51-52 "The Dick Powell Show: 330 Independence SW," A54 officers, viii Dictionaries, 26, 28, 30, 33 Education Section (CRS Ed), 51-52 Digest of Public General Bills and Resolutions, 48, A56 Educational Liaison Office, 22-23 "Director's Column," 20 officers, vii, 23 Disbursing officer, viii Educational Resources Information Center, 26 Disney, Walt, 35 Edwards, Don, 117 District/State Institutes, 56 "Effective Job Interviewing," 8 District/State Office program, 36 Egypt Dixon, Jeremiah, 85 field director, x, 64 Dobbs, Kimberly W., x see also Cairo Dockstader, Raymond L., vii, 20 Ehrenberg, Ralph E., xii, 96, 97 Documentation and Reference Section (M/B/RS), offi- B1/r, 84 cers, xii "1877 A Round Up 1887," 21 Documents, 65 Eldridge, Leslie, 30 Documents Expediting Project, 65 Electronic Mail System, 10,42, 91,92,93

' gift funds, A8, A3kA35 Ellison, Ralph, 95, A53 Doherty, Joan, ix Ellmann, Richard, 34,94,95, A53, A56 Dorn, Georgette M., xi Elsbree, Hugh L., Jr., viii Douglas, William O.,papers, 85 Elson, Bertha L., bequest, A26 Dove, Samuel, xi Elson (Louis C.) Memorial Fund, A26-A27, A52 Dow Jones News/Retrieval, 25 Emergency Medical System, 16 Doyle, Charles, viii Employee art and craft show, A49 Draft Annotated Model Provisions, 129 Employee Assistance Program, 16 Draft Model Law for the Protection of Computer Soft- Employee Counseling Program, 16 ware, 129 Employee emergency fund, A32

Dramatic performances, A53 ' Employment statistics, A23 (table) Drawings The Empty Water Keg, A54 acquisitions, 3, AGA7 . Encyclopaedia Britannica, 92 caricature and cartoon, 24, 85,95,96, A30-A31 Encyclopedia of Arab Legislation, 105 exhibits, 24 Encyclopedias, 92, 105 gift and trust funds, A28-A29, A32-A33 Encyclophdie juridique de I'Afrique, 105 Dreams, 84 Energy, Aerospace, and Transportation Technology Dreiser, Theodore, 84 Section (CRS SPR), 58 Duke Street Annex, 4 Energy, U.S. Department of, Technical Information Duxbury braille translator, 29 Center, 26 Engelhard, Mrs. Charles William, Jr., vi, A2 Eames (Charles and Ray) Collection, A2, A38 Engelhard (Charles W.) Fund, A34-A35 English-language poetry, chair, A28, A30 Facsimiles, funds for, A42443 English Language Program, 63 Fagen, Patricia, 93 Entry Vocabulary Project, 69 Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr., 81 Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division Far Eastern Languages Catalog, 78, All (CRS), 52--53 catalog cards, A15 officers, viii Far Eastern Law Division (LL), officers, ix 'The Environmental Protection Agency: An Analysis Farley, James A., papers, 85 of Its Controversies," 53 Farnum, Dustin, 21 Environmental Protection Section (CRS ENR), 53 The Favorite Son, A54 The Epic That Never Was, A54 Faxon (F.W.) Company, 45,73 Equal Employment Opportunity, 8,15 Fay, Peter J., xi Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 8 Federal Agencies Collection, 12, 88 Equal Employment Opportunity Complaints Office, 5, Federal Communications Commission, 115,126 10,15 Federal Cylinder Project, 20, A42 coordinator, vii Federal Interagency Field Librarians' Workshop, 26 Equal Employment Opportunity Program, 7 Federal Labor Relations Authority, 14, 38 Equal employment opportunity programs, 7-9 Federal libraries, 24-25,26,93 Esham, Faith, A51 cataloging data distributed to, A13 Ethnomusicology, 21 Federal Library and Information Network (FEDLINK), Europe, Middle East, and Africa Section (CRS F), 54 25,2627 European Division, 86, 92,94, 95, A53 Federal Library Committee (FLC), 24-27 officers, xi, 96 Executive Advisory Committee, 27 reader services, Al6-A17 executive director, vii, 26, 27 European Economic Community, 113-114 gift funds, A34-A35 European Law Division (LL), officers, ix Federal Research Division (Res), 4,12, A8 An Evaluation of Volunteers, 31 officers, xi, 82 Evans, Luther H., 34,83, A56 FEDLINK (Federal Library and Information Network), Evans (Archibald B.) Fund, A8, A26427 25,26-27 Evans (Luther H.) Memorial Fund, A34-A35 FEDLINK Technical Notes, 25 Evans (Luther H.) Pavilion, 1 Feinberg (Lenore B. and Charles E.) Fund, A26A27, An Evening of Scandinavian Poetry, A53 A3hA35 "An Evening with Queen Victoria," 95, A51, A53 Feldman, Jonathan, A52 Everychild Conference, 22 Feldman, Pamela, 21 Examining Division (Cop), 109,110 Fellini, Federico, 84 officers, ix Fennell, Frederick, 34 Exchange and Gift Division, 64, 65,105,137n Ferrarese, Mary Ann, viii officers, X, 60 Ferruso, Agnes, xii, 97 Exchange programs, 4,33,64-65,72,86, A9 A Feud in the Kentucky Hills, A53 Executive assignment and classification appeals offi- Feulner, John A., xi cer, vii Film Directors Direct TV, A54 Executive Organization and Administration Section Film Scholars Introduce Seldom-Seen Films, A54 (CRS Gov), 56-57 Films and filmstrips; see Microforms and microfilming Exhibits, 2, 4,10, 12,14-20, 21, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 63, 79, and Motion pictures 91, 93, 96 The Films of Thomas Ince, A54 catalogs, checklists, posters, and labels, 19, 20, 21, Financial management, 12-13 Financial Management Office, officers, viii 33, 34, A3, A42, A55 Financial statistics, A24447 (tables) gift and trust funds, A3, A30-A31, A32433, A42- Finch, Louis C., viii A43, A44-A45 Fine arts, gift and trust funds for, A26-A27, A28429 list, A49-A50 Finlandia Foundation, Inc., gift funds, A34-A35 traveling, 24, A4eA45, A50 Finley, Elliott C., viii Exhibits Office, 2,19,23--24, 27 Finley, Robert, 104 officers, vii Finnish materials, A34 Extended Vacancy Announcement Program, 15 Finscher, Ludwig, 94 EZ-1 cassette player, 29, 33 Finsen, Susan C., viii REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Finzi, John, vii Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 28, 34,95, A56 First International Symposium on Maps and Graphics Garvey, Gerald T., viii for the Visually Handicapped, 31 Gazettes; see Newspapers and gazettes Firstenberg, Jean, 81 Geiringer, Karl, 94 Fisher, Thomas, 23 General Accounting Office, 5,14,26,38,40,41 Fisk, Eliot, 95, A51 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 113,114 Flacks, Lewis I., ix General counsel, vii FLC/FEDLINK, 25,26 Office of the, 6-7 Fletcher, Alice, 20 General counsel (Cop), ix, 117 Flexible disc books, 30, 31, 32 General Reading Rooms Division, 91,94 Flight, A54 officers, xi, 83 Flute collection, 65, 89, A28 reader services, A16-A17 "Focus on the Performing Arts: The Portrait Photog- General Reference, officers, x, xi, 97 raphy of Bern Schwartz," exhibit, A50 General Services Administration, 25 Folk Arts Program, records, 21 "Generation to Generation: Sharing the Intangible," Folklife Center News, 20 exhibit, A50 Folklife festival, A38 Genji rnonogatari, 92 Fomeen, Basil, 84 GENPAC, 61 Food and Agriculture Section (CRS ENR), 53 Genthe, Arnold, A50 Forchb, Carolyn, A53 Geographic Classification Codes, 77 Ford, Gerald, 125 Geography, trust funds for a chair of, A30-A31 Ford Foundation, gift funds, A34-A37 Geography and Map Division, 66,83, 85,88,96 Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division (CRS), officers, xii, 96-97 54-55 reader services, A16-A17 officers, viii Geography and Map Reading Room, 18 Foreign Area Studies Handbooks, 87 Geosciences, Materials, and Industrial Technology Foreign-language materials, 30, 33,61, 85-86 Section (CRS SPR), 58 Foreign program, gift funds, A36A37 German Marshall Fund of the United States, gift Forest Press, Inc., gift funds, A36-A37 funds, A36A37 The Forged Dispatch, A54 German Tricentennial, 24, 28,95, 96, A3, A49 Forms management program, 13 Gershwin, George, papers, 4,65,84 Frank, Barney, 117 Gershwin, Ira, 84 Frankfurter, Felix, papers, 85 Gershwin, Mrs. Ira, 84 Franklin Book Programs, 35 Gibbs, Terry, 29 Frederick 111 (Emperor), 84 Gibson, Gerald D., xii Freedberg, Sydney, 1 Gift and trust funds, vi, 12, A2-A3, A8-A9, A24425 Fresk String Quartet, A52 list, A26447 Freud (Sigmund) Collection, gift funds, A38-A39 Gift Fund, A32-A43 Friends of Music in the Library of Congress, gift and Gift Section, 65 trust funds, A26-A27, A36-A37 Gifts, 4, 6, 12, 32, 33, 61, 65, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 103- Friends of the Folk Archive, gift funds, A36-A37 104, A2-A3 Frissell (Toni) Collection, A44 forms of, vi Frissell (Toni) Fund, A4eA45 statistics, A9 "From Open-Range Cowboys to Rodeo Clowns: The Gingrich, Newt, vi Story of the Working Cowboy," 20 Gish, Lillian, 81 From the Manger to the Cross, 35 Gish (Lillian) Foundation, gift funds, A36437 Frosio, Eugene T., x Giuseppe Garibaldi, 1807-1882: A Biographical Essay Fuels and Minerals Section (CRS ENR), 53 and a Selective List of Reading Materials, 34, A56 Fuero y Privilegio, 104 Gladman, Thomas, 104 Fuller, Melville W., papers, 85 Glasby, Dorothy J., x Furniture and furnishings, 4,12,13 Glasgow, Richard E., ix appropriations, A24-A25, A48 Glos, George E., ix, 103,108 Goddard Space Flight Center, 28,90 Gance, Abel, 84 The Goddess of Sagebrush Gulch, A53 Gardner, Alexander, 62 Goff, Frederick R., 84 INDEX 1-13

Goff (Frederick R.) Memorial Fund, A8, A36437 Hambley, Charlotte A., 108 Goldwater, Barry, 81 Handbook of Latin American Studies, 94 Gomez, Juan, 104 editor, xi Gonzglez, Armando, ix "Handbook on Alternative Energy Technology Devel- The Good Bad Man, A53 opment and Policy," 58 Goodman, Leo, papers, A9n Hanks, Nymphus C., bequest, A26427 The Goose Woman, A54 Hardt, John P., viii Gorham, Don Cyril, 86 Harper's Weekly, 21 GOST standards, 86,92 Harris, Neil, 34 Gosudarstvennyi standart, 86 Harrison, Anthony P., ix, 113 Gottscho (Samuel H.) Fund, A8, A36A37 Harrison, Harriet W., xii Gottscho-Schleisner Archives, A36 Harvard University, 70 Gould, Katherine F., xii Hass, John Henry, vii, 23 Government Affairs Institute, 56 Hatfield, Mark O., vi Government agencies; see U.S. government agencies Hawkins, Augustus F., vi Government Division (CRS), 42,47, 56-57 Hayashi, Ayako, 64 officers, viii Haydn, Franz Joseph, 95, A3 Government documents; see Government publications Hayes, Helen, 1 Government Operations, Urban Policy, and Intergov- Hayes, Patrick, 35 ernmental Relations Section (CRS Gov), 57 Health Benefits Fair, 17 Government Printing Office, 4, 26, 64, 68, 79, 91, 110, Health Insurance Open Season, 17 111, A9 Health Section (CRS Ed), 52 Depository Library Program, 45 Health Services Office, 16 Government publications, 31,45,64, A9, A34 officer, viii Government Publications Section (Ser), officers, xii Heaven's Gate, A53 Graduate Cooperative Education Program, 7,15 HBbert, John R;,xi, 97 Graduate Legislative Institute, 56 Hebraic Section (Afr/ME), officers, xi Grahm, Robin, A51 Hebraic Union Catalog, statistics, A12 Granik, Theodore, 35 Hecht, Anthony, xiii, 28, 95, A53 Gray, Beverly Ann, xi, 34 Heckman Binderies, 90 Great Britain Local, Personal, and Private Acts, 17 Hedrick, Floyd D., viii Great Hall, 96 Heffron, Paul T., xii, 83 Green, Karl R., xi Heginbotham, Stanley J., viii Green (Constance McLaughlin) Revolving Fund, A44- Heidelberg, University of, 64 A45 Heineman Foundation, gift funds, A38-A37 Grier, Francis, A51 Heinemann Fund, A8 Gross, Robert V., xi, 83 Helge-Haugen, Paal, A53 Grove's Dictionary, 84 Hemperley, John O., viii Gude, Gilbert, viii, 37 Henschel, Estera, 84 Guggenheim Chair of Aeronautics, A26-A27 Hensen, Steven, 94 Guggenheim (Daniel) Fund for the Promotion of Aero- Herbert, Rembert, 93 nautics, Inc., A26-A27 Herbert, Victor, 35 "A Guide to the Collections of Recorded Folk Music Herman, Steven I., xi and Folklore in the Library of Congress," 22 Hiatt, Robert M., x, 80 Guides and finding aids, 21-22,31,94,98 Hickerson, Joseph C., vii, 21 gift funds, A34-A35 Higgins, Steven, A54 Guitry, Sacha, 84 . High School, 21 Gulbenkian Foundation, gift funds, A8 High school debate manual, 37 Gunsmoke, 92 Hill, Mary, 28 Gupta, Eunice S., x, 63 Hilliard Ensemble, A51 Gushee, David E., viii Hindman, Sandra, 34, A56 Hine, Lewis, 24, A49, A50 Hahn, Ellen Z., xi Hines, Patricia S., x Halley's Comet, 35 Hirschman, Albert O., 1 Hallstein, Ann L., ix Hispanic Acquisitions Project, 105 1-14 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Hispanic Acquisitions Section, 65 page school, 11 Hispanic activities, gift funds, A38 Rules Committee, 56 Hispanic culture, specialist in, xi Speaker of the House, xvii Hispanic Division, 28, 34, 86, 95 Speaker's Commission on Congressional Pages, 56 officers, xi, 82, 97 Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropria- reader services, A16A17 tions, 5, 12 Hispanic Focus, 94 "Houses of Justice: County Court Architecture," ex- Hispanic Law Division (LL), 10, 98, 99 hibit, A50 officers, ix, 102 Housing and Transportation Section (CRS El, 49 Hispanic materials, trust funds for purchase of, A3, How the West Was Won, 92 A26427 Howard, Joseph H., 60 Hispanic Publication Fund, A38-A39 Howard, Richard C., xi, 83 Hispanic rare book collection, 107 Howard, Roy, papers, 89 Hispanic Society Room, trust funds for equipment Hsia, Gloria H., x and maintenance, A2&A29, A30-A31 Hsia, Tao-tai, ix, 108 Historic American Buildings Survey, 35, 89 Hubbard (Gertrude M.) Bequest, A2n, A24n, A26-A27 History Hubbard Fund, A8 chair, A34 Hull, Cordell, papers, 85 gift and trust funds, A34--A35 Human Rights in Latin America, 1964-1980: A Selec- see also American history tive Annotated Bibliography, 34,93, A56 Hitler, Adolf, diaries, 92 Hunt, Kathleen, 96 Hofer, Tamas, 21 Huntington, Archer M., gift and trust funds, A8, A25n, Holcomb, Morrigene, vii A26A29, A30-A31 Holland, Curt, 26 Huntley, William R., x "Hollywood," A53 Hutson, James H., xii, 96 Holmes (Oliver Wendell) Devise, Permanent Commit- tee for the, officers, xii IBM Corporation, gift funds, A2, A38-A39 Holton, Gerald, 1 Ickes, Harold, papers, 85 Holton, Linwood, 23 IFLA; see International Federation of Library Asso- Home Box Office, 128 ciations and Institutions Home Recording Act, 116 Ikle, Fred, 37 Home-Stake Production Company, 6, A2 Illinois, University of, 71 Hommel, Karl Ferdinand, 104 Immigration and Naturalization Service, 101 Hondius, Jodocus, 62 Immigration Section (CRS Ed), 52 Hooper, Harold R., viii Ince, Thomas, A54 Horydczak Collection, 89 Incentive Awards, 16 Hoskins, Janina W., 34 Income Maintenance Section (CRS Ed), 51 Houghton Mifflin, 33 Incunabula, A6-A7 House Broadcasting System, 41 Index to Latin American Legislation, 98,102 House Information Systems, 40, 98 Index to Latin American Periodicals, 103 Office 42 India House of Representatives (U.S.) field director, x Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Per- see also New Delhi sonnel and Compensation, 55 The Indian Massacre, A54 cable television system, 56 Indiana University, 71 Committee on Appropriations, 5, 29 Indonesia Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, field director, x 49, 50, 55 see also Jakarta computer facility, 9 Industry Analysis and Finance Section (CRS E), 49-50 electronic mail system, 92 Info Packs, 36,43 Foreign Affairs Committee, 54, 55 INFOBANK, 25 Judiciary Committee, 116 Information and Reference Division (Cop), 109,110 Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties, officers, ix and the Administration of Justice, 117 Information Counter, 27-28 legislation, 5 Information Distribution Centers (CRS), 36, 39 INDEX

Information for Readers in the Library of Congress, International Student House, 23 34, A56 Introduction and Inventory, 20 Information Office, 19,27-28 The Invaders, A54 officers, vii "Inventory of the Bibliographies and Other Refe,rence Information Systems Section (AIS), 39-40 and Finding Aids Prepared by the Archive of Inouye, Daniel K., vi Folk Culture," 21-22 Inquiry recorders, 42 Inventory of the collections, 87-88, 91 Inquiry Section (CRS ARS), 39, 41-42 ISBD (International Standard Bibliographic Descrip- Inquiry Status and Information System, 39,42 tion), 74-75, 79 Institute for Scientific Information, 25 ISBN (International Standard Bibliographic Number), Instruction; see Training and instruction 66 Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing, 31 ISDS; see International Serials Data System Insurance Company of North America, gift funds, ISDS Manual, 75 A38--A39 Islamic legal collection, 104 Integral Systems, Inc., 8 Ison, Mary, 94 Integrated Automation, Inc., 2 Israel, A36 Integrated Library System, 93 Israeli material, 103 Interagency Agreements, 25 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number), 75 Interior, U.S. Department of the, library, 71 Issue Briefs, 36, 41, 51, 52 Interlibrary loans, 31, 32,93,106, A19 defense, 55 Internal Audit Office, 5-6 economics, 50 Internal Revenue Code, 117 energy, 53 International Aerospace Abstracts, 92 environmental protection, 53 International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 108 food and agriculture, 53 International Association of Music Librarians, 95 foreign affiars, 54, 55 conference, 23 government, 56,57 International Board on Books for Young People, 22 legislation, 46 International Brahms Festival and Conference, 28, 84, science policy, 58, 59 91, 94--95, A3, A52 Issue Briefs Section (CRS AIS), 39, 41 International cooperation copyright relations, 126-130 Jabbour, Alan, vii, 20 exchange of materials, A9 JACKPHY, 67 International Development Research Center, 72 Jackson, Robert H., papers, 85 International Directory of Braille Music Collections, 30 Jackson, Ronald J., xi International Directory of Libraries for the Blind and Jacob, Louis A,, xi Braille and Recorded Production Facilities, 29 Jacobs, Roger F., 27 International Federation of Library Associations and Jacobs-Bond, Carrie, 84 Institutions (IFLA), 37, 72, 73, 77, 79, 80, 97 Jagusch, Sybille A., vii, 22 International Journal of Legal Information, 108 Jakarta, Indonesia, field office, 64 International Lawyer, 108 James, Olive C., xi International MARC Network Committee, 72 James Joyce's Hundredth Birthday: Side and Front International MARC Program, 72 Views, 34, A56 International Organization for Standardization, 73, 80 "James Madison and the Search for Nationhood," ex- International Organizations, Development, and Secu- hibit, A50 rity Section (CRS F), 55 James Madison Memorial Building; see Madison International Population Census Publications, 87 (James) Memorial Building International Research Society for Children's Litera- Japan ture, 22 field director, x, 64 International Section (CRS E), 50 see also Tokyo International Serials Data System (ISDS), 74-75, 80 Japanese materials, 60, 62, 67, 71, 86, 88 International Standard Bibliographic Description Japanese Section (Asian), 87 (ISBD), 74-75,79 officers, xi, 64 International Standard Bibliographic Number (ISBN), Japanese Union Catalog, statistics, A12 66 Jazz, 83 International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), 75 Jefferson (Thomas) Building REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

accident, 7 Keplinger, Michael S., ix Congressional Reading Room, 1,43 Kerman, Joseph, 1' fire protection, 4,ll Kerr, John B., 104 food services, 11 Kesee, Allen P.K., 105 Gallery, 23 Key to Legislative Histories from 1789-1903,108 Great Hall, 96 Khmer Classical Ballet, 21 Librarian of Congress office, 96 Kimball, John W., Jr.,xi pavilions, 1,ll King Research, Inc., 26,27,111 relocations, 4 "The Kiralfy Brothers Present . ..," exhibit, 93, A49 restoration and renovation, 1,5,11,12 Kirkpatrick, D., 22 sales and information counter, 27 Kissinger Commission, 43 Jensen, Gary D., xi KJ: History. Roman Law, 69 Jensen, Oliver O., 83 KJ-KKY, Law of Europe, 69 Jewish Guild, 30 KJC: Comparison, Unification, and Harmonization of Job Interest Form, 7 the Law, 69 John Adams Building; see Adams (John) Building KJE: Regional Organization and Integration. Commu- John Paul 11, Pope, 103 nity Law, 69 Johnson, Everett J., xi Knauff, Elisabeth, 26 Joint Committee on the Library, vi, A2 Knight, John, gift funds, A38-A39 Joint International Copyright Information Service, 127 Kniskern, Alice L., x Jones, Catherine A,, viii Knopf, Alfred, 84 Jones, James Earl, 29 Knowlton, John D., xii Jones, Jesse, papers, 85 Knox, Frank, papers, 85 Josef von Sternberg's Flawed Classics, A54 Knoxville International Energy Exposition, gift funds, Joyce, James, 34'94, A56 A38-A39 Juilliard String Quartet, concerts, 95, A51 Kominski, John J., vii Jung, Johann Heinrich, 104 Konishi, Jinichi, 1 Jukebox licensing, 6, 109, 117, 139 Korean materials, 60, 67, 71, 88 Jurow (Mae and Irving) Fund, A28-A29, A52 Korean Union Catalog, statistics, A12 Justice, U.S. Department of, 101 Kormos, John G., viii Juvenilia; see Children's literature Korngold, Erich Wolfgang, papers, 4, 65 Jwaideh, Zuhair E., ix Kostelanetz (Andre) Fund, A28-A29 Kostreba, Anthony J., xii Der Kaiser von Kalifornien, A53 Koussevitzky, Serge, 84 Kalish, Gilbert, A51 Koussevitzky (Serge) Collection, 89 Kaplan (Milton) Fund, A8, A28429 Koussevitzky (Serge) Music Foundation, Inc., gift and Karachi, Pakistan, field office, 63, 68 trust funds, A28429 Kastenmeier, Robert W., 117 Kraus, David H., xi Katz, Stanley N., xii Kraus, Detlev, 95 Kavafian, Ani, A52 Kremer, Gidon, 95 KDZ, KG-KHW, Law of the Americas, Latin America, Krintz, Edwin M., viii and the West Zndies, 69 Kroyt (Boris and Sonya) Memorial Fund, A3, A28- Kearns, Jerry L., xii A29, A52 Kemp, Matty, 81 Kulisheck, Marjorie R., vii Kennedy (John F.) Center for the Performing Arts Kurland, Philip B., xii archives, 93 gift, 85 Labor-management relations, 7,14-17, 38 gift funds, A8, A3&A39 Labor Relations Office, 14,15 Kennedy (John F.) Center Performing Arts Library, officer, viii xi, 93, A16-A17, A32433 Labor Roundtable, 50 Kenya Labor Section (CRS E), 50 field director, 62, 63 Laboratory Services Section (M/B/RS), officers, xii see also Nairobi Ladd, David L., ix, 115,116,121,122,130 Kenya: Law of Criminal Procedure, 103 Lafayette, Marquis de, 34 Kenyon, Carleton W., ix, 103 Lafayette in America: A Selective List of Reading INDEX

Materials in English, 34, A56 LEGIS, 98 Laffey, John J., viii Legislate, Inc., LEGI-SLATE, 25 La Flesche, Francis, 20 Legislation relating to the Library, vi, A48 Land Ownership Maps on 105-mm Microfiche, 17,18 appropriations, 4, 5,12, 30, 61, A48 Landau, Ellen G., 34, A55 Copyright Act of 1976, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, Landon, H. C. Robbins, 95, A52 117,118,119,121,122,123,125 Landover Center Annex, 4,13,88 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, 12,17 Language Services Section (CRS ARS), 45-46 Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act, 17 Laredo, Ruth, A52 Legislative Branch, A48 Latin American materials Legislative Indexing Vocabulary Term File, 45 index to legislation, 10, 98,102 Legislative institutes, 36, 48 index to periodicals, 103 Legislative liaison officer, vii Laurence, Dan H., 34, A57 Legislative Process Section (CRS Gov), 57 La Vigna, Maria, 20 Leguia, Luis, A51 Law and legal materials Lehnert Duo, A51 indexes, digests, and bibliographies, 98, 100, 101, Leibowitz, David E., ix 102-103 IeMat, John Raoul, ix manuscripts, 104,106 Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774-1789, 34, 94,

microforms and microfilming, 98,103,107, A40 A56 I periodicals, 105, 106 Letters of Members of the Continental Congress, A34 preservation, 106-107 Levering, Mary Berghaus, vii rare books, 104,106 Levine, David, 24, 96, A50 shelfllsting, 69, 98,103,105,106 Levine, Lawrence W., A54 subscriptions, 62 "Levine, Osborn, and Sorel," exhibit, 24, A50 Law Code of the Siete Partidas, 104 Lewis, Sinclair, 84 Law Librarian, ix Lewis and Clark, maps, A49 Office of the, 99 "Lewis, Hine, Reformer with a Camera," exhibit, 24, Law Librarians' Society, 108 A49, A50 Law Library, 4,16,62, 69, 98-108 LEXIS, 98 acquisitions, 61,103-105, A8, A9 LEXIS/NEXIS, 25 anniversary, A32, A50 Lexitron, 45 Capitol branch, 98,100,101,106, A16, A17n Leyda, Jay, 81 employment statistics, A23 Leyes de la Margarita, 104 move, 106 Liberia during the Tolbert Era: A Guide, 34, A56 officers, ix Librarian of Congress, vi, vii, xii, xvii, 1, 4, 5, 14, 20, publications, 102-103 34, 63, 64, 83, 94, 96,115, A2, A56 reader services, A16A17 Librarian Standards, 26 Law Library Catalog, 78, All "The Librarians of Congress," exhibit, 96, A50 Law Library Microtext Reading Room, 98 Librarian's Office; see Office of the Librarian Law Library of Congress United Association of Em- Librarian's Special Reserve Fund, 61-62 ployees (LLCUNAE), 14-15 Library Environment Resources Office, 4 Law Library Rare Book Room, 106-107 officers, vii Law Library Reading Room, 98,100,101,106 Library Health Forums, 16 officer, ix Library Intern Program, 16 Law Library's Pilot Project, 102 The Library of Congress: Its Architecture and Decora- LC Acquisitions Trends, 61 tion, A40 LC Classification-Additions and Changes, A56 Library of Congress Acquisitions, 34 Leach, Theodore E., xi Library of Congress Acquisitions: Manuscript Divi- League of Arab States, gift funds, A3&A39 sion, 1981, A56 Leahy, Patrick J., 117 Library of Congress Acquisitions: Rare Book and Spe- Leavitt, Donald L., xii cial Collections Division, 1980, A56 Lectures; see Readings and lectures "Library of Congress Folk Archive Finding Aids," 21 Leeds, John, 104 "Library of Congress Folk Archive Reference Aids," 21 Legal specialists, 98,101,107 Library of Congress Information Bulletin, 61,103, A56 LEGI-SLATE, 25 LC/National Library of Canada meeting, 23 1-1 8 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

The Library of Congress 1982,35, A56 Louchheim, Katie S. Library of Congress Publications in Print, 1083, 35, gift funds, A38-A39 A55n; A56 papers, A38 Library of Congress stamp, 28 Louchheim (Katie and Walter) Fund, A25n, A38-A39 Library of Congress Subject Headings, 68-69 Loughborough Seminar on Children's Literature, 22 "Library Preservation: The Administrative Chal- Louisiana Colonial Records Project, gift funds, A38- lenge," 90 A39 Library Resources for the Blind and Physically Handi- Louisiana State University, 71 capped, 1982, A56 Love, Joseph M., vii Library Services Division (CRS), 42, 43-45, 46 Lovett, Clara M., xi, 34,96 officers, viii Lowell, Robert, 95, A53 Library Services Division: Mission, Organization, Luce, Clare Boothe, 81 Activities, Products, 44 gift funds, A38-A39 Library Specialist, 78 papers, A38 Libro de las sumas de los dichos del Maestro Jacobo, Luce, Henry R., gift fund, A38-A39 104 Luther Harris Evans, 1902-1981: A Memorial Tribute Libro dei Globi, 62, 85 to the Tenth Librarian of Congress, 34, A56 Licensing Division (Cop), 5, 6,109, A8 Luvisi, Lee, A52 officers, ix Lieb, Arthur J., vii M/A-COM Sigma Data Corporation, 25 Life Sciences Section (CRS SPR), 59 Maar, Ingrid, 20 Lillis, Mark A., ix McAdoo, Elizabeth Wilson, 85 Lincoln, Abraham, photograph, 62 McCallum, Sally H., x, 73, 80 Lincolniana, Alfred Whital Stern Collection, A3, A30, Maccoby, Michael, 1 A42 MacConomy, Edward N., xi Lindgren, Astrid, 22, 35 McCormack, Adoreen M., vii Linked Systems Project, 76, 80, A34 McCullough, James M., ix LINX system, 45, 73-74 . McCune, Shannon, 88 Literacy in Historical Perspective, 34, A56 McDermott, Judy C., ix Literary programs, 95 McDonald, Jack, viii . trust funds, A3 McDonald, Robert, A52 Literature of magic, honorary consultant, xiii MacDowell, Edward, 84 Lithographs, 24, A49 McEwen, Alfred E., vii Lithuanian Periodicals in American Libraries: A McGinnis, Margaret, xi Union List, 33, A56 McGowan, Frank M., 60, 61 Little Big Horn, battle plan, A49 McGuirl, Marlene C., ix Lizst, Franz, 84 Machine-readable cataloging; see MARC LLCUNAE (Law Library of Congress United Associa- McKim, Mrs. W. Duncan, bequest, A30, A31n tion of Employees), 14-15 McKim Fund, A8, A25n, A30-A31, A52 Loan Division (Res), 4, 5, 92-93 sponsorship of concerts, A52 officers, xi MacLeish, Archibald, 94 reader services, A1GA17 papers, 65 Loan Reference Section (Loan), officers, xi MacLeish (Archibald) Pavilion, 1 Local History and Genealogy Reading Room, 88 Maddox, Jerald Curtis, xii Local History and Genealogy Section (GRR), officers, Madison, James, exhibit, A50 xi Madison Gallery, 81 Lockheed, DIALOG, 25 Madison (James) Memorial Building Loeffler, Elise Fay, bequest, A38-A39 assembly room, 1, 23 The Log of a Cowboy, 21 Automation Orientation Center, 4, 9 Lombardo, David D., viii bronze screen, 4,11 The Lonedale Operator, A53 Congressional Reading Room, 43 Longworth, Nicholas, A28 exhibits, 24, 96 Longworth (Nicholas) Foundation, trust fund, A28-A29 fire protection, 11,107 Loos, Anita, 84 Law Library, 106 Lorenz, John G., 83 Mary Pickford Theater, 23, 24, 28, 81 INDEX

Motion Picture and Television Reading Room, 91 Maps and atlases occupancy, 3,4,13,82 acquisitions, 62, 85, A6-A7 Oval Gallery, 23, 24, 96 catalog cards, A15 Performing Arts Reading Room, 82,91 copyright, 136,137 reading rooms, 82, 91,92,97 county atlas project, 90 reception, 20 data base, 77 Recorded Sound Reference Center, 91 exhibits, 24, 28, 96, A49 relocations, 7,13, 83, 88, 89 for the blind and physically handicapped, 31 sales and information facility, 27 manuscript, 85 security, 11,'12 MARC records, A10 Magic, literature of, honorary consultant, xiii microforms and microfilming, 17,18 Magnus, Jennifer V., x oriental, 88 Magn~isson,Sigurdur.A., A53 preservatiop and restoration, 18, 91, A22 Maguire, Marsha, 21 MARC (Machine-Readable Cataloging), data base, 67, Mail Unit, 18 79, 89,105, A10 (table) Main Catalog, All MARC authority records, 67 Main Reading Room, 43 MARC cataloging data, 77 Main Reading Room Section (GRR), officers, xi MARC data, 77 Main Reference Files (CRS), 45 MARC Distribution Service, 67, 71, 76, 77, 78 Maintenance Support, 78 MARC Editorial Division, 67, 70,105 Major Issues System, 41 officers, x Major Legislation of the Congress, 41 MARC Format for Locations and Holdings, 73 Maktaba Afrikana, 94 MARC Formats for Bibliographic Data, 76 Management MARC Holdings Format, 79 employment statistics, A23 MARC map file, 88 officers, vii-viii MARC records, 70, 71, 72, 78, A10 (table) Management, Associate Librarian for, vii gift funds, A34-A35 Management and Administrative Services (CRS), offi- sales and distribution, A13 (table), A14 (table) cers, viii MARC Reselect, 78 Management Services, Office of, officers, viii MARC Serials Editing Guide, 74 Management Studies (CRS), officers, viii MARC tagging, 70

Mandel, Alan, A51 , MARC tapes, A13, A14 Manis, George, 2 Marcin, Don C., xii Manpower, Budgets, and Policy Management Section Marcus, Gail H., ix (CRS F), 55 Marder, Marc, A51 Manuscript Division, 21,34, 83, 89, 92, A6A5 Marking Paper Manuscripts, A56 officers, xii, 83, 96 Marraro (Howard R.) Prize, 96 reader services, A16-A17 Martin, Dolores M., xi Manuscripts Martin, Sylvia Cooke, viii acquisitions, 21, 34, 85,104, A4-A5 "Mary Pickford, 'America's Sweetheart,' 1893-1979," bibliographic records, 68 exhibit, 24, A49 cataloging, 94 "Mary Pickford, Her Times, the Films," 81 collections, 89 "Mary Pickford and Her Contemporaries," series, A53 gift and trust funds, A26-A27, A28-A29, A30-A31, Mason, Charles, 85 A32-A33, A34-A35, A38-A39, A42-A43 Mason, Edward, viii inventory, 89 "Mason-Dixon" line, 85 law and legal materials, 104, 106 Materials Development Division, 32-33 maps and atlases, 85 Materiel management and support, 13 music, 65, 82, 84, 91, A4-A5, A42 Materiel Section (P 8 S),13 pre-1601 Western, 68, 89,93 Matheson, William, xii preservation and restoration, A22 Mathias, Charles McC., Jr., vi, 117, A2 Map of the Americas and the Indies, 91 Matisse, Henri, 83 Mapping the North American Plains, A3 Matsumoto, Hisao, xi, 64 "Mapping the North American Plains," exhibit, 24, 96, Maugham, Somerset, 84 A49 Mauritius: Law of Criminal Procedure, 103 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983 al-Mawsii'ah al-Maghribiyah fi al-Qadti wa al-Tashrj, technical reports, 88 105 Micrographics, 39, 40 al-Mawsi'ah al-Qaniniyah al-Irliqiyah, 105 Microphotographic Section, 17,18 Mawsii'at al-Tashr7'6t al-Arabiyah, 105 Middle East, A36 Mazur, Michael, xii accessions list, A55 Mead, Margaret, papers, 89 Middle East Cooperative Acquisitions Program, 63, 64 Mead Data Central, LEXIS/NEXIS, 25 Middle East Studies Association, gift funds, A38-A39 "Meanwhile, Back at the Ranch," 20 Miller, Dayton C., bequest, A8, A28-A29 Medical Alert Program, 16 Miller (Dayton C.) Collection of Flutes, 89, A28 Medical officer, 16 Miner, William F., vii Medical, Record System, 16 Minimal-level cataloging (MLC), 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, A6- Medina, Rubens, ix, 102 A7, A10 Megatrends, 92 MINISIS, 72 Mellon, Paul, gift funds, A38-A39 Mishkin, Paul, xii Mellon (Andrew W.) Foundation, 90, A2 Miss Lulu Bett, A54 Member and Committee Relations, Office of (CRS), Missouri Library Network, 25 36-38,44 Mobley, William H., vii officers, viii "A Model for A-76 Studies in Federal Libraries," 27 Mencken, H. L., 84 Modelski, Andrew, 96 Mendelssohn, Felix, 84 Molnar, Ferenc, 84 Mercedes-Benz of North America, Inc., A52 Money, Banking, and Quantitative Analysis Section Mergenthaler Omnitech, 14 (CRS E), 50 Meridian House, 23 Monographic series, 61 Methodology Section (CRS Ed), 52 catalog cards, A15 Metz, Jean B., vii Monographic Series, 77, 78, A13, A14 Mexico City Convention, 135n Monroe Microcomputer, 12 Meyer, Christopher A., ix Montagut, Concepcicin de, 103 Meyerbeer, Giacomo, 84 Monthly Checklist of State Publications, 65, A56 MFBD Code Lists, 76 Moore, Waldo H., ix Microcomputer Center, 25 Moore (Arthur Cotton)/Associates, 4, 5 Microcomputer Conference and Exposition, 27 Moorhead, Carlos J., 118 Microfiche; see Microforms and microfilming Moroccan Encyclopedia of Court Decisions and Legis- Microform Reading Room, 68, 72, 87 lation, 105 Microform Reading Room Section (GRR), officers, xi, Morrisey, Marlene D., 83 83 Morrow (Malcolm) Memorial Fund, A38-A39 Microforms and microfilming Mortimer, Louis R., viii acquisitions, 86-87, A6-A7 Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound brittle books, A22 Division, 82, 84, 88, 89

cataloging, 71-72, 76 officers, xii, 81 ' Chinese, 86 reader services, A16-A17 gift funds, A32-A33, A38-A39, A40-A41 Motion Picture Agreement, 137n government publications, 64 Motion Picture and Television Reading Room, 91 law and legal materials, 98,103,107, A40 .Motion Picture Section, 82 maps, 17,18 Motion pictures newspapers and gazettes, 17, 63,86, 87, 98, A22 acquisitions, 82, 84, A6-A7, A8 periodicals, 86, A22 archival film network, 76 photoduplication, 17 catalog cards, A15 preservation, 17, 65, 72, 90, 91, A8, A22 collection, 81, 82 productions, 63 copyright, 6, 81,109,116,121,125,128,136,137 projects, 43, 63 exhibits, A49 publications, 17, 61, 74, 77, 78 film series, 81 serials, A22 foreign films, 84 state documents, 65 gift and trust funds, A2&A29, A40-A41, A44-A45 statistics, A21 inventory, 89 storage, 4 MARC records, A10 INDEX

nitrate film, 81 The Musical Mainstream, A56 preservation and storage, 88, A22, A44 Mwalimu, Charles, 103 reading room, 91 My Best Girl, A53 screening programs, A53-A54 Myers, William C., viii Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, papers, 65 Mysteries, A56 Mulhollan, Daniel P., viii Mullin, Laverne P., ix NAACP, papers, 65 Multistate Center for the Midlands, 30, 33 Nabors, Eugene, 108 Multistate Center for the West, 30, A19n NACO (Name Authority Cooperative Project), 71, 74, Multistate centers (MSC), 30,31, 33, A19 76 Mumford, L. Quincy, 1,83 Nairobi, Kenya, field office, 62, 63 Mumford (L. Quincy) Memorial Fund, AS, A38-A39 Naisbitt, Robert, 92 Mumford (L. Quincy) Room, 1,23 Name authorities, 60, 88, A10 MUMS Integrated Indexing, 75 Name Authorities, 78 MUMS system, 9 sales, A13, A14 Muraco, Thomas, A51 Name Authorities Cumulative Microform Edition, A56 Murphy, Richard, A53 Name Authority Cooperative Project (NACO), 71, 74, Musburger, Brent, 1 76 Museum of American Folk Art, 20 Name authority date base, 60, 71 Museum of Modern Art, 76 Name Authority File, 76 Museum Stores Association, 27 catalog cards, A15 Music Name authority institutes, 67 acquisitions, 4, A+A7 Name authority records, 60,66,67, 70, 74, A10 bibliographic records, 75, 76 Name authority system, 75 cataloging, 68,69 Napoleon, 84 compositions commissioned, A3 Nathan, George Jean, 84 copyright, 109,112-113,128,136,137 "A Nation of Readers," exhibit, A32, A50 exhibits, A49 National Aeronautics and Space Administration folk music, 21-22, 64 (NASA), 90 for the blind and physically handicapped, 30, 31, NASAIRECON Search System, 92 A18 Scientific and Technical Information Facility, 26 gift and trust funds, A3, A26-A27, A2&A29, A30- National Agricultural Library, 60, 64, 71, 74 A31, A34-AS, A3&A37, A38-A398 A40-A41, National Archives and Records Service, 14,83,91 A42-A43 National Association of Government Communicators, manuscripts, 65, 82, 84, 91, A4-A5, A42 29 * reading room, 91 National Audiovisual Center, 68 shelflisting, 69 National Bureau of Standards, 86 see also Concerts and Recordings National Center for Education Statistics, Learning Re- Music, Books on Music, and Sound Recordings, A13, sources Branch, 26 A56 National Children's Book Week, 22 Music Catalog, All National Commission on New Technological Uses of Music Division, 4,10, 82, 84, 89, 91, 94, 95, AGA5, A52 Copyrighted Works (CONTU), 118 officers, xii, 93 National Consumers League, records, 17 reader services, A16-A17 National Council for International Visitors, 23 Music from Marlboro, A51 National Directory of Latin Americanists, A40, A42 "Music in Tudor and Stuart England," 95, A53 National Endowment for the Arts, 21 Music Library Association, 112 National Endowment for the Humanities, 75 "A Music Library for Blind and Physically Handi- National Federation of State High School Associa- capped Individuals," 31 tions, 37 The Music of Ernst Bacon, A52 National Geographic, 29 "Music of the American Indian," 21 National Heritage Resource Act, 117 Music Online System, 68, 75 National Historical Publications and Records Com- Music Publishers' Association, 112 mission, 96 Music Section (NLSIBPH), 31 National Level Bibliographic Record, 76 Musical instruments, 65, 82, 93, A28, A30, A42 National libraries, 23, 65, 68, 72, 91, 93 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

National Library for the Blind, Inc., gift and trust Naval Historical Foundation funds, A26429 collections, A40 National Library of Medicine, 64 gift funds, A40-A41 National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Navy, U.S. Department of the, 103 Handicapped (NLS), 10,12,28-33, A18, A19, A20 Navy Yard Annex, 4 officers, vii Nay, Robert L., ix reader services, A16A17 Near East Section (AfrIME), 87 see also Blind and physically handicapped, services officers, xi, 86 t0 Near East series, 94 National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Near East Union Catalog, statistics, A12 Handicapped, Office of the Director, 28-30 Near East Union List Project, A38 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Near Eastern and African Law Division (LL), officers, (NOAA), 26,27 ix, 105 National Park Service, 89 Nearprint publications, A13, A14 National Productivity and Innovation Act, 117 Nehra, Krishan, 101 National Program for Acquisitions and Cataloging Neibuhr, Reinhold, 35 (NPAC), 62 Nemeyer, Carol A,, vii, 19,27 acquisitions, A8 Nepal, A36 National programs, 19-35 Network Advisory Committee, 76 employment statistics, A23 Network Audio Production Standards Advisory Com- gift funds, A32 mittee, 32 officers, vii, 19 Network Development Office (Proc), x, 73, 74, 76, 77 reader services, A16417 Network Division (NLS), 30-32 National Programs, Associate Librarian for, vii, 19 Network Library Manual, 31 National Referral Center, 92, 94, 97 Network Planning Paper, 76 officers, xi New Amsterdam Ensemble, A52 reader services, A16417 New Deal, 85, 89 National Register of Microform Masters, A56 New Delhi, India National Serials Data Program, 75 field office, 63, 64, 68, 71 officer, x photoduplication orders, A21 National Technical .Information Service, 26,113 New Delhi Overseas Cataloging Project (NEWDOC), National Trust for Historic Preservation, 89 71 National Underground Storage, 4 "New Music" between the World Wars, A52 National Union Catalog, 10, A12 New Serial Titles, 74, A57 National Union Catalog, 18, 61, 67, 75, 77, 78, 88, A57 editor, x gift and trust funds, A40441 sales, A13, A14 sales, A13, A14 New Serial Titles Section, 74 National Union Catalog: Audiovisual Materials, 77, A57 The New York Hat, A53 sales, A13, A14 New York Public Library, 105 National Union Catalog: Books, 77, A57 New York Technical Services Librarians, 79 sales, A13, A14 New York Times, 43 National Union Catalog: Cartographic Materials, 77, New York Times, INFOBANK, 25 88, A57 Newbery Award Committee, 22 sales, A13, A14 NEWDOC (New Delhi Overseas Cataloging Project), National Union Catalog: U.S. Books, 77, A57 71 sales, A13, A14 News, A57 National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections, Newsom, Jon W., xii, 34,93 statistics, All Newspaper and Current Periodical Reading Room, 92, National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections, 97 1981, and Index, 1980-81,68, A57 Newspaper Manual, 75 sales, A13, A14 Newspaper Section (Ser), officers, xii, 97 National Union Catalog Register of Additional Loca- Newspapers and gazettes tions, 77, A57 acquisitions, 86, A&A7 A Nationwide Study of Document Delivery Activities, bibliographic records, 75 76 cataloging, 97 INDEX

collections, 88 Online Computer Library Center (OCLC), 25,26,45 current subscriptions, 34-35 OP 212 automatic diazo microfiche duplicator/collator, gift and trust funds, A26427 18 microforms and microfilming, 17,63, 86,87,98, A22 Optical Disk Pilot Program, 2-3, 10, 41, 45, 61, 65, 90, official gazettes, 17, 98, 102,103,105 97 Newspapers Received Currently in the Library of Optical Disk Pilot Program Circulars, 3 Congress, 34-35, A57 Optical Disk Project Center, 4 NEXIS, 25,98 Optical disk system, 28 "1984 Budget Perspectives: Federal Spending for the ORBIT, 25 Human Resource Programs," 52 Ordenamiento de Alcal6,104 Nitrate film, 81 Ordenamiento de las Cortes de Briviesca, 104 Nitrate Film System, 10 Ordenamiento Real de Alcala des Henares, 104 Nitrate Inventory System, 89 Order Division, 62, 74,105 Nixon, Richard, 125 officers, X, 60 NLS; see National Library Service for the Blind and Order of Isabel la Catblica, 82 Physically Handicapped Organization chart, xiv-xv NLSNET, 28,29 Organization of American States, 135 Noble, Raymon A., viii gift funds, A40-A41 Noel, Wanda M., 127 Orientation programs, 15, 23,27 Nordbrandt, Henrik, A53 Congressional Research Service, 37,46 North America, maps, 24, 96, A49 Orr, Jay, 21 North Carolina Library Association, 97 Osborn, Robert, 24, 96, A50 North of 36, A53 "Oscar Wilde at Oxford," 95, A53 Northrop Services, 90 Ostriker, Alicia, A53 Northwest (Puget Sound), 21 Ostryniec, James, A51 Norton, Pauline, 34 Outdoor Concert Series, 21 Notice of Inquiry, 115-116 Oval Gallery, 23,24,96 Novotny, Thomas W., viii Overseas Data Entry Project, 64 NPAC (National Program for Acquisitions and Cata- Overseas Operations Division (Proc), 63.64 loging), 62 officers, x, 60 acquisitions, A8 Overseas Outlook, A57 NST; see New Serial Titles Owens, Basil T., viii Nuclear Regulatory Commission, reports, 87 Oxford Companion to Children's Literature, 22 Nugent, William R., vii NYPL-East African Acquisitions Program, gift funds, P-PM, Index to Languages and Dialects, 69 A8 Pacific Northwest Bibliographical Center, 93 Paderewski, Jan Ignacy, 94 Oceans and Natural Resources Section (CRS ENR), 53 Page, Mattye Laverne, 86 OCLC; see Online Computer Library Center Paintings, exhibit, A49 OIDonoghue, Martin F., Jr., viii Pakistan Office of Technology Assessment, 38,58,59 field director, x, 63 Office of the Librarian, 1-7,16 see also Karachi employment statistics, A23 Palmer, Edith, 103 gift funds, A38-A39 Pamphlet collection, 3, 84, 88 officers, vii Pandectes phriodiques. Recueil de jurisprudence, de Offices of the Library; see specific name, e.g., Asso- lhgislation, 107 ciate Librarian for Management, Office of "The Panel Rating Process," 8 Official Catalog, All "Panoramic Maps of North American Cities," exhibit, Official Gazette of the Republic of Vietnam, 17 24, 96, A49 Official Visitors Program, 23 Papers of the Women's International League for Peace Oliveira, Elmar, A52 and Freedom, 87 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, 12,17 Paperwork Management Section, 13 "The 150th Anniversary of the Law Library," exhibit, PARCO, 85 A50 Paris, Henry B., Jr., vii 100% American, A53 Paris International Union for the Protection of Indus- REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

trial Property, 129 Personnel and Labor Relations Office, 14 Parsons, Gerald E., 21 officers, viii Participation Systems, Inc., POLITECHSIEIES, 25 Personnel Management, Office of, 14,16,26,38,56 Partridge, Ian, A53 Personnel Operations Office, 17 Patent Office, U.S., 6, 140-142 officer, viii Pauls, Frederick H., viii Perspectives on John Philip Sousa, 28, 34, 93,95, A57 Peace, gift funds for purchase of materials fostering, Peters, Marybeth, ix A34 Petri, Johann, 84 Penfield, Edward, 21 Pew, Michael R., ix Pennell, Joseph, bequest, A8, A28-A29 Phaedrus: An International Annual of Children's Lit- Committee to Select Prints for Purchase under the erature Research, 22 Pennell Fund, xii "The Philadelphia Connection," 96 Pennell (Joseph and Elizabeth) Collection, A28 Phillips, Harvey, A51 Penner, Rudy, 37 Phillips, Todd, A51 The People's Republic of China: A Bibliography of Photocomposition system, 14 Selected English-Language Legal Materials, 103 Photoduplication, 17-18 Pepsi Cola Company, 65 copyright, 111-112 "Performance of Commercial Activities: Contracting photocopiers, 18,41 Out Government Services," 26 statistics, A21 Performing arts Photoduplication Service, 17-18 exhibit, A50 officers, viii works registered for copyright, 109,136, A48 revolving fund, A44-A45 Performing Arts Library, 93, A32-A33 Photographic Section, 17,18 officers, xi Photographs; see Photoduplication and Prints and reader services, A16417 photographs Performing Arts Reading Room, 82, 91 Pickford, Mary, 24, 81-82, A49 Periodical Section (Ser), officers, xii Pickford (Mary) Company, revolving fund, A4kA45 Periodicals Pickford (Mary) Foundation, 81 acquisition, 3 gift and trust funds, 81, A2, A28-A29, A4CbA41 for the blind and physically handicapped, 32, A18 Pickford (Mary) Theater, 23,24, 28, 81, 82, 96, A40 legal, 105, 106 screening programs, A53-A54 microform and microfilming, 86, A22 Pickford (Mary) Theater Dedication Fund, A40-A41 see also Serials Pietris, Mary K. Dewees, x Permanent Committee for the Oliver Wendell Holmes Pinard, Jeanette L., 103 Devise, officers, xii Pinelands Commission, 19 Personnel, 1447,107-108 Pinelands Folklife Project, 19 affirmative action, 7-8,15 "Pinelands National Reserve," 19 appropriations, 4 Pinnock, Trevor, A52 automation, 17 Pitney Bowes electronic mail equipment, 18 classification standards, 26 Pittsburgh, University of, 74 counseling, 16,17 Pizzo, John J., ix data processing, 8,10,17 Planning and Development, Office of, 3 director, viii, 15 . officers, vii equal employment opportunity, 5, 7 Planning Management (Res), special assistant for, xi health services, 16,17 PIantings, gift funds for expenses of, A32 labor-management relations, 7,14-17, 38 , PLAT0 system, 39 Medicare, 12,17 Poetry payroll system, 12 Bollingen Prize, 95 performance ratings, 17 chair of English-language poetry, A28, A30 professional activities, 79-80, 9697, 108 consultant, xiii, 28, 95, A53 recruitment and staffing, 7 gift and trust funds, A28-A29, A30-A31 retirement, 17 readings, A53 salary, 17 Poetry, 33 selection procedures, 7, 14 Policy, Information, and Behavioral Sciences Section work schedules, 17 (CRS SPR), 59 INDEX

Policy, Planning, and Review, Office of (CRS), officers, Presidents of the United States, 125,135 viii see also names of presidents Policy Analysis Grade Evaluation Guide, 38 Price, James R., viii POLITECHS/EIES, 25"" Price, John F., xi Political Institutions and Processes Section (CRS Price, Joseph W., xi, 90, 97 Gov), 57 Price, Mary S., x, 73, 79 "Pony Tracks," 21 Printing and Processing Section, 23 Porter (Henry Kirke) Memorial Fund, A28-A29 Printing Unit, 13,14 Portner (Mildred Chaffin) Fund, A40441 Prints and photographs A Portrait of the Author as a Bibliography, 34, A57 acquisitions, 3, 62, 65, 85, A6A7 Portuguese literature, consultant in, A28 cataloging, 89 Position Classification and Organization Office, 16 collection, 89 officer, viii copyright, 136,137 The Post Telegrapher, A54 exhibits, 20,21, 24, 28, 63, 96, A49, A50 Postal Service, U.S., 28 gift and trust funds, A2849, A3PA35, A36-A37, * Poster Collection, 21,96 A40-A41, A44-A45 Posters preservation and restoration, A22 acquisitions, 3, 85, A&A7 Prints and Photographs Division, 3,11,17,21,82,88-89, exhibits, 24,93, A49 92, 94, 96, 97 Pound, Ezra, 35 officers, xii, 83 Powell, Myrl D., x reader services, A16A17 Pratt, Dana J., vii Prints and Photographs Reading Room, 23,96 Preliminary cataloging, 76 Process Information File, 78 Preliminary Cataloging Section (Des Cat), 68 Processing Section (LL), 101,105,107 Pre-1900 Canadiana, 87 Processing Section (M/B/RS), officers, xii Preparation Section (Mss), officers, xii Processing Section (Rare Bk), officers, xii Preparatory Cataloging Section, 68 Processing Services, 16, 60-80,87,88,106 Preservation and care of the collections, 2-3,6,90-91, data processing, 10, 60 97 employment statistics, A23 binding, A22 gift funds, A32433 deacidification, 28, 90 officers, ix-x gift and trust funds, 82, A2, A38-A39, A40-A41, reader services, A16A17 A46A45 Processing Services, Assistant Librarian for, ix, 60 law and legal materials, 106-107 Processing Systems, Networks, and Automation Plan- manuscripts, A22 ning, 72-73 maps and atlases, 18,19, A22 Processing Systems, Networks, and Automation Plan- microforms and microfilming, 17, 65, 72, 90, 91, A8, ning, Office of the Director for (Proc), officers, x, A22 60, 72, 73, 76 motion pictures, 88, A22, A44 Procurement and Supply Division, 13 negatives, 18 officers, viii prints and photographs, A22 Production Control-Managment Information System, publications, A57 29,30 rare books, 87,107, A22 Programming Officers Workshop, 23 recordings, A22 Prompt Payment Act, 62 statistics, A22 Protocol of Provisional Application, 114 Preservation Microfilming Office, 68, 72,90,91 "The Public International Law of Bulgaria: Develop- officer, xi ment and Status," 108 Preservation of Library Materials: First Sources, A57 Public Law 480 program, gift funds, A36-A37 Preservation Office, 6, 87,90 "Public Lending Right," symposium, 23 officers, xi, 90 gift funds for expenses of, A34 Preservation Research and Testing Office, 83 Public Policy Issues Institute, 37 Preservation techniques, copyright, 112 PubliclPrivate Sector Interactions: The Implications Preservation Technology in the Library of Congress, for Networking, 76 94 Public Services Section, 17 President's House, A32 Publication and Media Section, 29 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Publications of the Library, 1, 2, 3, 20, 21-22, 28, 29, statistics, A16A17 (table) 30, 31, 33--35, 61, 74, 76, 77-78, 82, 83, 86, 93-94 ' see also Congress (U.S.),services to Congressional Reearch Service, 10,48,57,58 Readership Characteristics and Attitudes, 31 Copyright Office, 110-111 "Reading Is a Trip," 2 gift and trust funds, A3, A28429, A4bA41, A42- Reading rooms, 18, 23, 43, 45, 68, 72, 82, 87, 88, 91, 92, A43 96, 97,98, 100,101, 106,110 greeting cards and gift items, 21,35 Readings and lectures, 1,21,22,94,95, A52, A53 Law Library, 102-103 ' poetry, A53 list, A55--A57 trust funds, A3, &%A27 microform, 17, 61, 74, 77, 78 Readmore, Cap'n 0. G., 2 recordings, 94 Reagan, Nancy, 20,23 see also titles of individual publications Reagan, Ronald, 4,20,23, 54,113,117 Publications Section (NRC), officers, xi "The Real Live Cowboy," 20 Publishing Office, 19, 27, 33-45 "Recent Acquisitions of Fine Prints," exhibit, A50 officers, vii Die Rechtsprechung des k.k. Obersten Gerichtshofes " Purchases; see Acquisitions, purchases in Civil- . . ., 107 Putnam (Herbert) Pavilion, 1 Record Migration, 75, 76 Recorded Sound Reference Center, 82, 91 Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress, xvii, 22, Recorded Sound Section, 82 35, A57 Recording Laboratory, revolving fund, A44-A45 Quotation File, 43 Recordings acquisitions, A4-A5 Radford, Nancy J., vii bibliographic records, 75 Radio broadcasts, 29,95 catalog cards, A15 Radio Corporation of America, gift funds, A40-A41 cataloging, 68 "Railroad Maps of North America: The First One copyright, 109,113,116,128,136,137 Hundred Years," exhibit, 24, 96, A49 cylinder, A22 Ramona: A Story of the White Man's Injustice to the field recordings, 21 Indian, A53 folk expression, 21, 64 A Ranchman's Rival, A53 for the blind and physically handicapped, 28, 29, 32, . Randolph, A. Philip, papers, 85 127, A18, A19, A20 Rare Book and Special Collections Division, 11, 34, gift funds, A28-A29, A42-A43, A44-A45 83, 89, 96 Indian music, 63 officers, xii, 83-84 preservation and restoration, A22 reader services, A1GA17 publications, 94 Rare Book Room (LL), 106-107 reading room, 91 Rare books storage, 88 acquisitions, 34,104 Records in the Copyright Office Deposited by the cataloging, 68, 89 United States District Courts Covering the Period exhibits, A49 17904870,142n gift funds for purchase of, A36-A37, A42-A43 Records management, 13 law and legal materials, 104,106 Records Management Division (Cop), 109 manuscripts, 104,106 officers, ix preservation and restoration, 87,107, A22 Records of the National Consumers League, 17 Rather, Lucia J., x, 60, 79 Recruitment and Placement Office, 15

' Ray, Satyajit, 84 officer, viii READ, 2 Redhorse, Chief, A49 "Read a Book and Take a Look at the TV in Your Reed, Grace B., ix Head," 2 Reference aids, 21-22,94 "Read More About It" project, 1,94 Reference and Bibliography Section (G & M), officers, Read Only Memory, 118,119 xii Reader and reference services, 91-93 Reference and Reader Service Section (Mss), officers, Congressional Research Service, 41-46 xii for the blind and physically handicapped, A18-A20 Reference and Reader Services Section (Rare Bk), Law Library, 100 officers, xii INDEX .:b .:b Reference Brief, 43 folklife project, A40 Reference centers, 39,43, 45,91 gift funds, A40441 Reference collections, 91 Rhodes, Willard, 21 A Reference Guide to Banking and Finance, 49, 50 Riebl, Thomas, A51 Reference Section (Mus), officers, xii Riedel, Susan H., x . Reference Section [NLS/BPH), 32 Riley, James P., vii, 26, 27 Reference Section (P & P), officers, xii Rimer, J. Thomas, 111, xi, 82-83 Reference Section (Photodup), 17 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, field office, 64 Reference Section (Res), officers, xi Ristow, Walter W., xiii Reference Service (Ser), officers, xii Rivlin, Alice, 37 Reference services; see Reader and reference services Rizzuto, Angelo A., estate of, gift fund, A8, A40-A41 Referral Services Section (NRC), officers, xi RLG/CJK, 60-61, 71 Regan, Donald T., vi, A2 RLIN; see Research Libraries Information Network Register of Additional Locations, sales, A13, A14 RMG Consultants, Inc., 26 Register of Copyrights, ix, 83, 111, 114, 115, 116, 121, "Robert Lowell," A53 122,123,125,130,142n Roberts, Margaret A., bequest, A28 Regulations officer, vii Roberts, Martin A., 142n Reid, Eric S. G., ix Roberts, Matt T., xi Reid (Samuel Chester) Trust Fund, A28-A29 Roberts, Pat, vi Reilly, Bernard, 96 Roberts Fund, A28-A29 Reinhardt, Max, 84 Robeson, Paul, 84 Remington, Frederic, 20,21 Robinson, James W., viii . Render, Sylvia Lyons, 83 Robinson, Lawrence S., xi Renewals and Documents Section, 115 Robinson, William H., viii Rensbarger, John W., vii Roderer, Nancy, 27 Renstrom, Arthur G., 34,94, A57 Rogers, Charles (Buddy), 81 Research, Analysis, and Multidisciplinary Programs, Rogers, Mrs. Charles, 81 Office of (CRS), 39 Roland, Barbara J., x officers, viii Roman, George J., 107 Research Facilities Section (GRR), officers, xi, 91 Romanization, 67, 71 Research Libraries Group, 25,60, 71,76,79,90 Rome Convention, 129 gift funds, A40-A41 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 85, A50 Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN), 25, ROSCOE, 40 61, 71 .Rosen, Nathaniel, A52 Research officer (Preserv), xi Rosenbach, A. S. W., 96 Research reports, 98-100,101 Rosenbach Museum, 96 Research Services, 16,81-97 Rosenborg, Staffan, xi acquisition activities, A9 Rosenwald, Lessing J., 34, 83,96, A56 employment statistics, A23 Rosenwald, Mrs. Lessing J., 96 ' move, 88 Rosenwald (Lessing J.) Collection, 83,96 officers, x-xii Rosenwald (Lessing J.) Fund, A8 statistics, A16417 Ross, Joseph E., viii Research Services, Assistant Librarian for, x, 94 Ross (Arthur) Foundation, gift funds, A40441 Resnick, Daniel P., 34 Rothermel, Earl L., xi Resources Analysis Section (NRC), officers, xi Rowman and Littlefield, Inc., gift funds, A8, A40441 Restoration Office, 107 Ruckelshaus, William D., 53 officers, xi Ruiz, Jacobo, 104 Retirement Act, 17 Rupp, Franz, A52 Retrieval services, 25,26 Rush, Jodi, ix Review (CRS), coordinator of, viii Rush (James E.) Associates, 25,27 Review and Survey of Microcomputer Hardware 6 Russell, Charles, 20 Software'for Library and Information Service Ap- Russian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church, records, A32 plications, 25-26 Revolving fund service fees, A42-A45 S, Agriculture, 69 Rhode Island, State of Saaritsa, Pentti, A53 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983 *'2.

Sachs, Joel, A51 SDI Service, 44 Safety officer, 16 Seaborg, Glenn, papers, A9n Saff, Donald J., xii Seagram (Joseph E.) & Sons, Inc., gift funds, A40-A41 Salant, Walter S., A3 Seagram County Court House Project, A40 Salaries and expenses The Secret Sins, A53 acquisitions, A8 Seeger, Charles, papers, 84,89 appropriations, A24-A25, A48 Seeger, Ruth Crawford, papers, 84,89 Salvo, Giovanni, 107 Seeger family, papers, 4 Sampson, Walter D., Jr., ix "Selected Emerging Legislative Issues," 46 Sandburg, Carl, letters, 89 Selection officer, vii Santino, Jack, 21 Selective Dissemination of Information (SDI), 36, 41, Sarle, Rodney G., x 44-45,46 SAS, 40 Selim, George Dimitri, 34,94 SAWGRAPH, 40 Seminar on the Acquisition of Latin American Library Satire, 85, 96 Materials, 97 Sawyer, Harold S,, 117 Seminars and workshops, 7, 8, 9, 16, 21, 23, 26, 66, 70, Sayers, James, 85 79, 90, 97 Scala, Norman P., bequest, A28 for Congress and congressional staff, 36, 37, 38, 39, Scala (Norman P.) Memorial Fund, A28429 44,46, 47, 48, 49,50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56,57, 58 Scales, Prunella, 95, A53 gift and trust funds, A32-A33 "Scandinavia Today," 22,23, A52 Senate (U.S.) Scandinavian children's literature, symposium, 22 Agriculture Committee, 53 funds for, A32 Budget Committee, 55 Schillinger System, 84 Committee on Appropriations, 5, 38 Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 1, 34, A55 Committee on the Judiciary, 116,117 Schmidt (Arthur P.) Company, papers, 89 Foreign Relations Committee, 54-55 Schoenberg, Arnold, papers, 89 page school, 11 Schola Juris Litteraris, 104 President, xvii Schrader, Dorothy M., ix, 117 Rules and Administration Committee, 4-5, 56 Schreyer, Alice D., 2, 85 Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropria- Schreyer, Leslie, 85 tions, 5,12, 38 Schultz, Carolyn, 21 Senior Specialists (CRS), 47, 48,56 Schuman, William, 34 officers, viii Schurz, Carl, 34,94, A55 Sequoia String Quartet, A52 Schutzner, Svato, 89 Serial and Government Publications Division (Res), Schwartz, Bern, exhibit, A50 12, 75,87, 88 Schwartz (Bern) Photographic Fund, A8, A40441 officers, xii, 97 Schwarz, Boris, 94 reader services, A16417 Science and Technology Division (Res), 88,88, 92,94 Serial Record Division (Proc), 66, 67, 72, 73--74, 75 . officers, xi, 90,97 officers, x reader services, A16-A17 Serial Set, 105 Science Policy Research Division (CRS), 42,5749 Serials, 73-75 officers, ix acquisitions, 61 Science Reading Room, 87 automated system, 45, 73-74 Science Reference Section (Sci), officers, xi catalog cards, A15 Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports, 92 catalogs and cataloging, 74 Scientific materials, gift funds for acquisition of, A38 Chinese, 62 SCORPIO, 9,10,36,3940,48,49 copyright, 75,109,110,136,137 SCORPIO News, 106 MARC records, A10 Scott, Edith, x microforms and microfilming, A22 Scribner, Norman, A51 processing, All (table) Scribner (Norman) Choir, A51 see also Periodicals Scripps-Howard, 89 Series authority records, 10,67,70,75 SDI (Selective Dissemination of Information), 36, 41, Serkin, Judith, A51 44-45,46 SEROUT, 45 INDEX

Services to Congress, 36-59, 98-101 Sonneck Memorial Fund, AS, A30-A31 Shaffer, Norman J., viii Sonnevi, Gb'ran, A53 Shahani, Chandru J., xi, 83 Sony Corporation, 2 Sham, Donald, gift fund, A40441 Sorel, Edward, 24,96, A50 Shared Cataloging Division (Proc), 62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 71 Sound recordings; see Recordings officers, x Sousa, John Philip, 23, 28,34,93, 95, A57 Shared cataloging service, 25 Sousa, John Philip, 111, 34,95 Sharp 815 copier, 18 South Asia, accessions list, A55 Shaw, George Bernard, 34 South Asian Union Catalog, statistics, A12 Shaw, Renata V., xii Southeast Asia, A36 Sheehan, Patrick, xii accessions list, A55 Shelflist Services Unit, 105 Southeast Asian Union Catalog, statistics, A12 Shelflisting Section (Subj Cat), 69, 71 Southern Asia Section (Asian), officers, xi Shelflists and shelflisting, 69, 70, 78, 98, 103, 105, 106, Soviet materials, 65, 86 A6n, A10 "Soviet Space Programs," 58 Shelley, Michael H., x "Space Activities of the United States, Soviet Union, Shipley, Lloyd W., xi and Other Launching Countries/Organizations," Should the Producers of Hazardous Waste Be Legally 58 Responsible for Injuries Caused by the. Waste?, "The Spanish Divorce Law of 1981," 108 37,53 Spanish literature, consultant in, A28 El Siglo Diez y Nueve, 87 Spanish materials, 103,104 Silverman, Faye-Ellen, A51 Spanish scholars, gift funds for support of, A42 Sinclair, Evelyn, 20 Sparks, Peter G., xi, 90 Sipkov, Ivan, ix, 108 Speaking Out: Personal and Professional Views on Skaggs (L. J. and Mary C.) Foundation, 20 Library Service to Blind and Physically Handi- gift funds, A42-A43 capped Individuals, 30, A57 SKP Associates, 2 Special collections, 83, 89, A34, A36 The Sky Pilot, A53 Special Collections, officers, x, xii Slavery Tracts and Pamphlets from the West lndies Special Counseling and Health Assistance Program, 16 Committee.Collection, 87 Special Foreign Currency Program, 63 Slavic and East European studies, gift fund, A32-A33 acquisitions, A8 Slavic materials, gift and trust funds for, A3, A26427 appropriations, A24425 Slavic studies, A32 employment statistics, A23 Slavic (Cyrillic) Union Catalog, A40 Special Materials Cataloging Division (Proc), 66,67, 68 Slavic Union Catalog, statistics, A12 officers, x Smart, James R., 34,83 Special Police Force, 11-12,16 , Smiles of a Summer Night, 84 Special Projects Section (Sci), officers, xi Smith, Dave, A53 Special Search Section (Col Mgmt), officers, xi Smith, David A., x Spehr, Paul C., xii Smith, Ellis Gene, x Spender, Stephen, 95, A53 Smith, Laurie E., ix Spies, Hermine, 84 Smith, Paul H., 34 Spivacke, Rose Marie, A2 Smith, William Jay, 95, A53 Spivacke (Harold and Rose Marie) Fund, A3, A30431 Smouldering Fires, A54 Sri Lanka, A36 Sobeloff, Simon E., papers, 89 Sri Lanka Acquisitions Program, gift funds, A8 Social Science Reading Room, 91 Staff Relations Office, 16-17 Social Science Reading Room Section (GRR), officers, officer, viii xi Staff Training and Development Office, 15 Social Science Research Council, 83 officer, viii Social Services Section (CRS Ed), 52 Stallworthy, Jon, A53 Society for Italian Historical Studies, 96 Stamp, Library of Congress, 28 . SOLINET, 25 Staples, Robert, 20 The Son-of-a-Gun, A53 Stapleton, Jean, 1 Songs of the Chippewa, 94 Star Trek, 35 Sonneck, Oscar G., bequest, A42443 Starbuck, George, A53 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

State and local agencies, donations, A9 tical Policy Section (CRS Gov), 57 StateIDistrict Institutes, 39 Swann, Caroline, 24, 85, 96 State documents, 65 Swann, Erwin, 24, 85, 96, A3 State Standards of the Soviet Union, 86 Swann [Caroline and Erwin) Collection of Cartoons, Statesmanship in American History, A3 Caricatures, and Illustrations, 85, 96 Stein, Herbert, 37 Swann Foundation, gift funds, A8 Steinbruner, John, 37 Swann (Caroline and Erwin) Memorial Fund, 85, 96, Stella Maris, A53 A3, A30-A31 Stephenson, Richard W., xii Sweet, Blanche, 81 Stern, Alfred Whital, A30 Swift, Al, vi Stern, Mitchell, A51 Symbols of American Libraries, 78 Stern (Alfred Whital) Collection of Lincolniana, A3, Symposia, Library; see Conferences and symposia, A30, A42 Library Stern (Alfred Whital) Memorial Fund, A8, A30-A31 System Development Corporation, ORBIT, 25 Stern (Alfred Whital) Publication Fund, A42443 "System X," 30 Sternberg, Josef von, A54 Systems Development, officers, vii Stewart, James E., xi Systems Engineering and Operations, officers, vii The Stolen Ranch, A53 Stoltzman, Richard, 95 Tabb, Winston, xi Stoppard, Tom, 95, A53 Taft, Robert, papers, 65 Stradivari instruments, funds for maintenance, A30- Talking Book Topics, 29, A57 A31 Talking books, 29, 33 "Street Cries, Auction Chants, and Carnival Pitches acquisitions, A4-A5 and Routines in the Recorded Collections of the The Taming of the Shrew, A53 Archive of Folk Culture," 21 Target Series Development Program, 8 Stroup, Elizabeth F., x, 97 Target Series Program, 8,15 Study Group on Senate Practices and Procedures, 57 Tarr, Susan M., ix, 60 Styron, William, 23 Task Force on Goals, Organization, and Planning, gift Subject authority records, 60 funds, A36-A37, A42443 Subject Catalog, 77 Task Force on the Budget Process, 57 sales, A13, A14 Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act, 17 Subject Catalog of CRS Reports in Print, 44 Taxation and Government Finance Section (CRS E), Subject cataloging, 68-70, 71,105 50-51 statistics, A10 Taylor, Lonn, 20 Subject Cataloging Division (Proc), 68, 69, 71,105 Taylor Street Annex, 4,12 officers, x Teceira atlas, 91 Subject heading institutes, 60 Technical Processing System, 72, 75 Subject headings, 60, 68, 69, 70 Technical publications statistics, A10 acquisitions, A6A7 Subject Headings, A13, A14 sales and distribution, A13 (table), A14 (table) Subscription and Microform Section, 74 Technical reports, 26, 86, 88 Suitland Annex, 4,14 Technical Reports Section (Sci), officers, xi Sullivan, Robert C., x Technical Services (Photodup), assistant chief for, viii Summer Chamber Music Festival, 95, A52 TehnicaI Services Section [G & M), officers, xii Sung, Carolyn H., x Teen Kenya, 84 Superintendent of Documents, 38 Telephone inquiries, statistics, 31, 32, 98, 101,109, A17 Supervisory Counseling Program, 16 Telephone Reference, Correspondence, and Bibliog- Supervisory Development Program, 16 raphy Section (GRR), officers, xi Supervisory Development Task Force, 8 , Telephone service, 14 Supplement to LC Subject Headings, A57 Teleprocessing Services Program, 25 Supreme Court (US.), 85,105,116,121 Television broadcasts, 29, 53, 84-85, 91, 92, 114, 121, Chief Justice, 85, 89 122,126,128,129, A44, A53 Surplus Book Disposal Project, gift funds, A42443 see also Cable television Survey of Federal Libraries, 26 Terek microcomputer, 64 Survey Research, Public Opinion, and Federal Statis- Terminating Programs, 39 INDEX

Thames TV,A53 Trust Fund Thamm, Suanne A., xi investment accounts, A2, A26A31 That All May Read, 30 permanent loan accounts, A2 "The Theory and Practice of Soviet International Trust Fund Board, vi, xvii, 6, A27n, A31n, A39n Law," 108 annual report summary, &-A3 They Would Elope, A53 members, vi, A2 Thomas, Ruth, 63 Trust funds; see Gift and trust funds Thomas Jefferson Building; see Jefferson (Thomas) Tsuneishi, Warren M., x, 64, 83, 96 Building Tucker, Ben R., x Thorin, Suzanne, xi, 91 Turkey: Law on Legitimacy, 103 Thornton, Flora Laney, vi, A2 'Tween Two Loves, A54 "300 Years d Germanic Settlement in the United Twen tieth-Century Children's Writers, 22 States," A53 Three Masters: The Stringed Instrument Collection UCLA Technical Processing System, 73 in the Library of Congress, 93 Ughi, Uto, A52 Thuronyi, Geza T., xi, 34 Underrepresentation Indices, 8 Time-Life Books, Inc., gift funds, A8, A42-A43 Unesco, 2, 73,127,130,134n A Time to Heal, 125 UNIMARC, 72, 77 Times Mirror, gift funds, A42-A43 UNZMARC Interpretive Handbook, 77 Tinker Foundation, gift funds, A42-A43 Union catalog, growth, A12 (table) "To Growl Warnings: Cartoonists on FDR," exhibit, UNISIST Reference Manual, 72 A50 United Nations, 127,135 Tokyo, Japan, field office, 64 U.S. Board on Geographic Names, 97 Tomes, Susan, A51 "U.S. Civilian Space Programs," 58 Toronto, Canada, Public Library, 2 United States Code, 111,135 Toronto, University of, 87 U.S. courts, copyright cases, 118-126 TOSCA (Total Online Searching for Cataloging Ac- U.S. District Court, 5, 6 tivities), 10, 60, 67, 71 U.S. government agencies Total Online Searching for Cataloging Activities acquisitions from, A9 (TOSCA), 10,60,67, 71 transfer of funds and materials, 65, 85, 86, 89, 105, Tour Unit (ELO), 23 A8, A9, A24425 Tourte bows, funds for maintenance, A30-A31 U.S. government libraries; see Federal libraries Townsend, Mary S., ix United States Information Agency, 63,82 Tracer Bullets, 94 U.S. Marine Band, 95 Trail of the Vigilantes, A53 U.S. National Committee for UNESCO, 79 Training and instruction, 7, 8, 10, 11-12, 15-16, 25, 27, U.S. News b World Report, 68,85 30, 32, 91,107-108 United States Newspaper Program, 75,97 cataloging, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 76, 97 U.S. Serial Set, 87 Congressional Research Service, 36, 39, 40,42 United States-Spanish Committee for Educational and data processing, 39,40,69,108 Cultural Affairs, gift funds, A42-A43 Training catalog, 16 United Technologies Corporation, 20, 33 Trainor, Emmett G., xi gift funds, A42-A43 Trait6 thkorique et pratique de droit civil, 107 Universal Copyright Convention, 126, 127, 128, 129, Trampler, Walter, A52 131-134,135 Translating services, 45-46, 69,100 Update, 10,103, A57 Travelin' on, A53 UPS, 18 Traveling exhibits, 24, A4kA45, A50 Urakawa, Takayo, A52 Traveling Exhibits Fund, A9, A44-A45 USA Today, 92 Traveling Exhibits Program, 24 USMARC, 76,77 Treasures of the Library of Congress, A42 USMARC Format for Holdings and Locations, 76 Treasury, U.S. Department of the, vi, 6,12, A2 Ussachevsky, Vladimir, A51 investment accounts, A26-A31, A46-A47 (table) USSR, exchange, 65 permanent loan accounts, A24n, A4&A47 Secretary, vi, A2 Vandell, ~onetteS., ix Trew, James R., vii Vanwingen, Peter, xii, 97 REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 1983

Verordnungsblatt des k.k. Ministeriums des Znnern WETA-TV, 95 . . .,107 Wexler, Kay F., x Victoria, Queen, 95, A51, A53 What Changes Are Most Needed in the Procedures Videocomp, 79 Used in the United States Justice System?, 37 Videotape, 91 White, Roger S., viii acquisitions, A&A7 White House News Photographers Annual Exhibition, copyright, 116,121,122,124 28, A49, A50 Vienna, Siege of, 94 White House News Photographers Association, 28 "Virginia Field Recordings in the Archive of Folk White papers, 44,53 Culture," 22 Whitlock, Margaret E., viii The Virginian, 21, A53 Whitman, Walt, gift and trust funds for related ma- Visits and visitors, 20, 23, 27, 37, 44, 56, 64, 92, 101,109 terials, A26A27, A34-A35 Visual aids, 14 Whittall, Gertrude Clarke, A30, A34 Visual information services, 14 Whittall (Gertrude Clarke) Foundation, A9, A30-A31, Vita, Susan H., ix A52, A53 Volker, Paul, 37 sponsorship of concerts, A51 Whittall literary series, 94 Wage System, 17 Whittall (Gertrude Clarke) Poetry and Literature Waisman (Wladyslaw) Collection, 84 Fund, A30-A31, A53 Wallace, Henry, papers, 85 Who Knows? series, 94 Walsh, William T., 82 Widener Library, 70 Walton, Eugene, vii Wilbur, James B., trust funds, A9, A3hA31 Wang, Chi, xi Wilbur and Orville Wright: Pictorial Materials, 34, 94, WANG VS Minicomputer Word Processing/Data Pro- A57 cessing System, 25 Wild Wild West, 92 Wangwriter word processor, 18 Wilde, Oscar, lecture, 95, A53 Ward, Aileen, 1 Wilkins, Emily Howell, estate of, gift funds, A42443 Ware, Donald R., viii Williams, John, 83 Warner, John W., vi Wilson, Donald T., 104 Warren, Earl, papers, 89 Wilson, Margaret, papers, 85 Washington, George, 62 Wilson, Woodrow, 85 Washington, University of (Seattle), A52 Wintle, Mary Jack, vii Washington, University of, Resource Sharing Program, Wisconsin Interlibrary Services, 25 93 Wisdom, Donald F., xii Washington (State) Library Network, 25, 76 Wiseman, Frederick, 21 , "Washington Meeting on Folk Art," 20 Wister, Owen, 21 Washington National Records Center, 14 Witherell, Julian W., xi Washington Post, 43 Wolf, Robert E., viii Washington Toho Koto Society, 21 Wolter, John A., xii, 96 Washingtoniana, A34 "Women Look at Women," exhibit, A50 Washingtoniana Project, 89 Women's International League for Peace and Free- Waters, Peter, xi dom, papers, 87 Waters, Samuel T., 27 Women's Program, 9 Waters (Edward N.) Fund, A42-A43 Women's Program Advisory Committee, 8-9 Wedding Camels, 21 Women's Program Office, 7, 8,9,15 Weinstein, Myron M., xi officer, vii, 8 Wekerle, Anton, ix, 105 Woody, Charlene A., vii Welsh, William J., vii Word processing, 5,10,13,18,39,40,46 Wennink, Karel, 107 Workforce Utilization Analysis, 8 West Publishing Company, WESTLAW, 25 Working Group on Access by the Visually and Audi- Western Michigan University, School of Librarian- tory Handicapped to Material Reproducing Works ship, 79 Protected by Copyright, 127-128 Westerns, A57 Working Group on an International Authority Sys- WESTLAW, 25 tem, 73, 80 , Westward the Women, A53 Working Group on Content Designators, 73 INDEX

Works Progress Administration, records, 89 Xerox Education Publications, 2 Workshops; see Seminars and workshops World Intellectual Property Organization, 127, 128, Yadlosky, Elizabeth, viii 129,130 Yale University, 86 World War 11, 24, A49 Yasinsky, Bohdan, xi World's Fair (1982), A38 Yeates, Elizabeth, 27 Worldwide Forum on the Piracy of Broadcasts and Young, Morris N., xiii the Printed Word, 128 Young, Peter R., x Worldwide Forum on the Piracy of Sound and Audio- Younger, William E., 17 visual Recordings, 128 "World-Wide Space Activities," 58 Zaza, A53 Wray, Fay 23 Zeitschrift fiir das Privat- und ijfentlichs Recht der Wright, Charles Alan, xii Gegenwart, 107 Wright, Orville, 34, 94, A57 Zentralblatt fiir die juristische praxis . . ., 107 Wright, Wilbur, 34, 94, A57 Zich, Robert G., vii Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, 4 Zimmerman, Glen A., vii