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1949:
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220,
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different
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new
manuscript, simply
also
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tr.
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closest
1990: 2000:
chronicle
the
conspirators
631:
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well
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tr,
article
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versions
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tr.
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200-201.
sheds
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246)
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order
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made
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1986.
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to therefore
The
Whitby
led
111.96
1997:
events. 3
conspiracy
cubicularii
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out
out
by
1995:
170.18—22 [Justin’s]
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have
gain
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2001:
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John
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chronicle
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1950:
link the certainly
(tr.).
says),
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248—254)
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230
102—107.
our
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163),
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1891:
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biography to
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development
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to
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He
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heart.
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seems
July) 6
mob
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143. that
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136—144.
wife
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141,
(Lupicina)
prefect
these
239
would
Amantius
proclamation
the
1996:
did
was
Anastasius
was
put
that even
something
may
determined) 7
alternative
pro-Chalcedonian
himself
a
p.
new
wonders (a.830),
there a
2000:
on the
credible,
relatively
however,
what
forward
firm
would 586.7—8,
killed.
elected
125—126 the
have
taking
had
further
well
Justin
the
put
in
burnt
emperor
16
the
the
Patrician
Pseudo-Dionysius support
1996),
refused
200
was
with
transition
the
painter
become
chosen
Chalcedonian
where
July. he and
have
whether
have
candidate.
forward, silence
One
(of
Manichaean.
in
as
place:
that
n.
late
against
for cf.
following and
needed.
the
down
no
since
rival
could
did
Kagia
candidates
16—l7/18,
3,
had
Chalcedon).
other
to
led
may
Vasiliev
viewed
Certainly
from
he Also
the
vu/go
such
for
reports
new
need
reports, he
Patricius
set
an
in
publicly
Amantius
his reports
to
of
to
reference
to in
to
this
later
to
imagine himself,
his
the
foot
emperor. a
his
his
struggle such
GEOFFREY
sympathies
Sophia
dictum, in
opponent opponents Peter
harsh
decoration
Hagia
the
The to
powerful
John’s
Justin.
can
oppose
year.
1950:
prefect.
cf.
the
house
in
Syrian
will) 4
in
of
stance
associate account
that
cared
was
or
Justin
the
new
Proc.
the
be
church
as
Michael
known,
words
crowd
on
to
Tel-Mahre,
that
line whether
to
vol.
on
81.
Amantius, Sophia
change
seek
even
backing
not
believed,
people
course
Patricius,
John
Over
this
person
For
GREATREX
impose
regime,
the to
in
Nor
A
of
John’s
Sunday
former became
reigns!
of
one
2,
of
need.
of
until
of
from
if
of
admit:
to
the
512.
the
him
had
ed.
point
this
new
and
fire
it
of
the
of
of
and
was
the
the on
— the
put
he
the
of up
a
domesticorum
a
elevated
l3oeft/Drijvers/Den
Zonaras
reference
Jones
officiorum
Justin’s
and
vestments
62—63.
to
to
must
(1999),
soldiers
Syrian,
1995: the
the
comes
domesticus
justify
rumours
behalf,
Justinian,
taken
(allegedly)
point
his
the
and
transition
say,
before
or
fiercely
henchman,
Amantius,
Yet
and.
and
demanded
the 2 praepositus
a
The
Domestici
Vasiliev
mood
day,
21
sceptre
20
the
The
have
parallel
1964:
lengthy
For
one
15
On
See
early
however
Theocritus
in
thus
eliminated
Amantius
candidature
IX.
768.
(XI1.3
up
of
to
be
nearly
1—I
nobility
is
the
further
no
this
or
in
report
details
and
lirbicius,
reduced
Greatrex
of
16, that
the
orthodox, opposed
comparison,
obtained
by
602—603.
was
anachronistic,
53. the
1950:
years
way
duces;
Constantinople
from
it
brutal
Justin
1) selected
was
themselves
p.
is
that
episode,
refused
throne
there
writers
all
was
military gaining
As
was
merely
story
as
180
implies
not
of
much
is
discrediting of
had
70—71.
supporters
for
their
of
Theodosius
an
HengstlTeitler
met
comes
they
Delmaire
uncertain,
Amantius
Aspar’s
see
him
himself
1996:
by
that
(tr.)
the
met Just/n
also
having
execution
convincing.
to
Hans
really
in
just
another
was
important
to
a
with
a
as
influence,
PLRE
associated
were
that
later
it,
close note
363;
unlike
supposed
the
with
were
completely.
‘valiant
experience
the
furnish
domesticorum
124—136,
however,
engineered
indeed,
the
one
Teitler
embellished
and,
at
I
role
universal
he
of
notes,
‘s
was
usually
acquired
with
although
was
throne:
next account
this
II,
Mal. sources,
associate
candidate
personal
reign
opponent
was
the
be
point
the
II
in
(for
Amantius’
Urbicius of
official
more
them
even
regret,
time.
kindly
2005:
an
to to
Marcian’s
Whereas
council,
thrown
their
for
is
no
comes
13.24
see
dead
with
conspiracy
three
drawn
in
no
acclaim,
of
Marcian
PLRE instance)
unknown
the
and
an
if
the
in
to
But
of
the
the
of
assistants
Justin’s
prospect
importantly,
Seek
before such
term
resistance,
cf.
leverage:
(like
draws
in
overview
with
185.
the
incorrectly
for
domesticorum. eunuch.
an
large
of
the
1.
fact
the
sources
courtiers
or
from
throne
contacts,
for
mood
Vasiliev out
for
II,
charge
On
appointed
elevation
the
Aspar’s
of
the
at
as
1900:
however, regime,
Urbicius)
first
he
Amantius
his
reports
The
supposed
my
in
law,
that
office measure
the
this
the
the of
of his
Evagrius,
council. 2 °
to
as
throne
ascended
450,
it
of
loyalty,
of
as
candidates
This
attention of
by
the
very
Amantius
the
ranks
of
role
649.
passed
1950:
well. 2 ’
fact
describes
was
in
influential
drastic
the
Jacob
and
there
an
see
lasted
Amantius
official.
influence
bribery,
the
they such
they
the
of
various another
palace;
both
of
least
4,
religious
addition
Jovian
to
remains, of
the
242
the
by
whose
opponent
Justin
conspiracy
the
accepts
soon
the
the
of
palace
people
at
could
represent
to
civil
Next may
was
only
Hence,
as
markedly a
detailed
step
cubicularii
acclaimed
and
cases
once
Edessa,
The
him
praepositus
throne,
the
exile
high was
leading
Marcellinus.
after
although
was
comparably
piety
the
service.
at predecessor
two
distributing
little
sympathies
n.
be
insist
had
the
to
fact
fact
may
troops
he
provided
as
however,
court
of
magistrates,
thus
193
reappointed.
primicerius
it
emperor
he
nothing
of
although
treatment
years
identification.
of
C/iron.,
is
comes
cf.
needed
that the
flexible;
that
of
no
enthusiasm
was
Constantinople
gained
courtier,
during
and
also
also
upon
two
See
who
PLRE
Chalcedon,
fabricated,
(see
was
Amantius
no
sacri
interests
Theocritus
such
Diocletian
in
the
K.
a
noted;
of
domesricorum.
Seeck
240
have
that
others,
drastic
the
source
controlled
is
money
Soon,
the
power,
Rosen, domesticus
of
overwhelming, Urbicius;
went
cf.
a
Frank
the
robes,
the
1, one
cubiculi
such
domesticorum
Anth.
known
backing.
sixth
strong
(tr.)
Burgess
Diocletianus
in
Allen
while
power
leading
whether
discussions.
served
1903:
of
among
might
this
is
one
as
is
cf.
Justin
mentions change
and
in
was
insisting
we
It
1969:
Pal.
century, on
or
his
referred
described
the
1981:
see
the the
De
was
of
justification,
1296—1299;
the
case
was
Michael
suggest, needless
Amantius’
1993/1994:
step
courtiers
wielded
indeed
1.96
backer. 22
concocted.
to
this
1,
See
The
Amantius
who
recall
magister
Cer.
Delmaire
88—89),
the
imperial
reign
RAC
comes
deflect
of
swiftly
174,
that
2;
when
which Aspar,
refers
clearly
to
refers
Once
further
Den
given
such
428
army
ruler
the
only
as
was
by
the
all
on
19
the
of
of 103
his
to
by to
the
John
publication,
19(1926), original.’
1981: Ba[roccianusJ details
distribution
the
the
donatives
i.e.
and
decisively
both
attempts
of
his
week
overblown,
the
circulated
537
cubicularil
descendants. 26
Anastasius’
might
him
Cappadocian,
the
Anastasius.
sources
elsewhere
to
either
above.
church,
an
made
accusations. 23
104
capital.
2
26 5ee
throne
events
after
24
the
closest
Lydus, understand
Our
mercilessly.
See
other
existence
Such
early,
See
at
17—18
Pseudo-Zachariah
of
altogether.
Cf.
E.
of
service
the
conspiracy
least. 27
his
seem. 25
Scott
PLRE involvement
Greatrex
Whether paid
Greatrex
200—201,
held
This
See and Justin’s
Jeffreys/M. conclusion
to
llaarer
to
i.e.
is
De
of
hand,
a
and
appearance
and
against
allies.
peace
fuller,
obstruct
open
a
report
preserves
and
also
banished
by
reflect
money
progressive
in
Mag.,
1985: Again,
Hagia
nephews
II,
comparable
was
Croke
of
On
often
of the
Claudius
193 why
2006:
Likewise,
At
Misael
now
The the
1997:
to
may
1997:
we
It
on
reign,
On with
Monday
official
99—109,
111.62,1.
doubt,
version
a
discredited
an
remnants
(see
was
or
this
a
then
was
Misael’s
Jeffreys/Scott
Sophia,
the
official
should
2001:
Tate the
more
Marcellinus
picked
of
an very
is
248.
in
earlier
the very
80
similarities
83
bribery.
in
and
e.g.
the
to
the
necessary,
made.
episode
and
two
need
the
abbreviated
therefore
began
n.
new
with
however.
swiftly
2004:
518,
one
rewriting
secure
esp.lOl,
Certainly
135.
Vasiliev
in
early
99 Cosme
general
versions
well
first
regime.
invoke
instance
of
16
version
riot
exile
Procopius.
up
line
also
factors
of
Marc.
the
for
Chalcedonian
was
Alternatively,
hand,
82. praetorian
Cf.
Misael, Malalas’
Such
July
edition
by
the
with
be
the
and
stage,
details.
pin
had
for
case followed
See
1998:
1986:
reported
is
106,
Proc.
the felt
1950: do
that
Malalas
corn,
such
however,
of
throne level,
text,
a
It
and
of
the
their
old
emerged
the
an
the
of
of
in
further complete
changed.
the
of
with
idea the to
is
of not
17—18).
Marinus
was
history
sake
a.
Wars
xxxiii, wishing
rumours
Justin
account
the
the
these
104;
events,
regime
best
Malalas’ the
blame
official
likely
offer chronicle. 24
(on
Amantius’
moreover,
unpopularity
532.
prefect:
Scott
the
of
end
restoration
in
by
n.
and
of
cf. case
rehabilitated
line
entire
which
extract
1.24.11—16
to
excerpts
representative
54
one
the
that
On
Marcellinus’
author
thus
the
state greater
John
the
The
fabrication
therefore
should
offer
1981:
often
line
other
there. squarely
to
who
below. disappeared
such
does
being
Chronicle,
the
of
(Monophysite)
contemporary
original
both
see
led
executions
had seize
of
conspiracy
on
that
blame
official
Roger
may
in
the
supposed
circulated,
17—20.
a
are
opposed
e.g.
chroniclers
Ephesus,
the
justification First,
to
as
Amantius’
on
justification
Already
promoted
occasion
in
the of
Procopius
both
the Nika
the
invaluable
[i]n have
Levick
on
that
entry
John the
regime
and
Malalas,
the
now
may
of
their
nature
Excerpta;
Scott
there
of
motive
throne,
the
downfall
from
the
the
capital,
Nika
the
Lives
preferred
(and
lived
for
e.g.
his
yet riot and
conspiracy,
faith
this
came
of
1990:
plot,
in
account
shoulders
of
no
has property
later
little
new (such
by
519,
Excerpta
and
save
have
was
policies. the
Tribonian) evidence
for
in
of
Amantius
Marcellinus’
of
533
and tradition.
banishments,
for
riot,
and
(in
however
the surprise.
in
32—3
the the argued
to
related
although
and
John
regime.
this
books
of
official
credit
to January
been
which
at
his
the
such
as
Constantinople)
be
Eastern
opportunity
emperor,
the
reports
of
pass
the which
3)
the
Marcellinus). 28
subsequent
on
purge.
GEOFFREY
at of
to
for
shifted
disturbance
or
the
composed passage
proceedings
He
a
and
convincingly
especially,
praepositus
no rehabilitation
and
by
very
over By
published
the
least implausible
in
the
is
We
brutal
account:
the
In
them
report
about Lydian
Saints,
532.
mention
acted
the
both
the
were
at
the
the
it
other,
No
state
attested
nephews
such
moment
to
have
one
auction
is
Nika
the
represents
see
return
to
act,
the
closer GREATREX
The
opening
550s,
or
John
the
57,
not
swiftly
word
widely
in
of
sordid
where
accuse
of
move
of
Scott
he
in
their
large
riot,
noted
534, least
noted
until
their
P0
and
acts
and
the
hard
the
this first
for
to
of
the
by
for
the
to
had
the
on
of
of of Theearly years ofJustin l’s reign in the sources 105
the accusation of conspiracy was naturally the most convenient; one might compare the charge of treason levelled at two prominent officials, Addaeus and Aetherius, who were exçcuted by Justin 11in 567, two years after his 29accession. The conspiracy charge was easy to make and difficult to refute; the addition of the element concerning the sums handed over to the soldiers provided convincing detail, as well as explaining how it might be that the emperor had indeed spent money to secure his election. The fact that one of the exiled cubicularii, Misael, was subsequently allowed to return to the capital and maintain his Monophysite allegiance tends to add weight to this interpretation. Once the danger had been neutralised and the story accepted, then innocent parties who had survived the initial blow no longer posed a threat; likewise, Anastasius’ nephew Probus, exiled in 532 and deprived of his property, was allowed to return in 533 and regained his °3property. (2) The assassination of Vitalian
Two years after the elimination of Amantius and his supporters came the turn of the former rebel Vitalian. During races in the hippodrome and, it appears, some disturbances, the consul and magister militumpraesentalis was assassinated in the palace in one of the rooms of the Great Palace, the Delphax. Paulus and Celerianus were also killed at the same 31time. There is no reason to challenge the consensus of the majority of ancient and modern sources, who attribute the responsibility for the deed to Justinian; certainly, he was the principal rival of the erstwhile rebel and stood to gain the most from his 32elimination. It is worthwhile, however, to focus once more on the Excerpta de Insidils. For here again its section concerning first the return of Vitalian to imperial favour in 518 and then his assassination is remarkably different from that of the Oxford manuscript (Baroccianus); we may notek moreover, that it follows on directly from the lines quoted above about Amantius’ 33downfall. At ch. 17.5 the Baroccianus text reports the swift return to favour of Vitalian, ‘who had rebelled’ (ttpaviiactv’ccx) during the reign of Anastasius, and who now became magister militum. The Excerpta, on the other hand, notes other honours, including the status of ex-consul and the consulship, accorded to Vitalian and how Justin gave him assurances. At 17.8, a comparable contrast is detectable. The Baroccianus tells drily how Vitalian was killed in the palace during his consular games on the grounds that (ds) he had
29 See PLRE Ill, Addaeusand Aetherius with Evagrius, HE, V.3 and the comments of Whitby 2000: 257 n. 8. Justin II had also eliminated his cousin, Justin, a potential rival for the throne in 566, and these two men were associated with him. Cf. also the case of the four consulars executed by Hadrian at the start of his reign, accused of treason: see (e.g.) Syme 1958:244—245andBirley 1997:88, PLRE11,Probus 8. References in PLREII, Vitalianus2 and Vasiliev 1950: 110—I13. Victor Tonnenensis, (* 107,P. 35) provides the detail on the Deiphax. It is worth pointing out the error in Whitby 2000: 201 n. 5, who incorrectly dates ep. 230 in the CollectioAvellana,which refers to Vitalian as magiser inilitum,to 18July 518. He therefore argues that Vitalian must have been promoted to this rank immediately upon Justin’s accession. In fact, the letter is dated 18 July 520 and provides an approximate terminus ante quem for Vitalian’s death, although one must bear in mind that the letter was only received in 32 Rome on this date. He was not, however, raised to the rank of magister militumpraesentalis as a result of Vitalian’s death, having already obtained this rank earlier, contra PLRE11,Justinianus 7; Stein 1949:230; Tate 2004: 85. See (e.g.) Vict. Ton. § 103, p. 33 (a. 520); Ps.-Zach. lIE VI1I.2. 1 am grateful to Brian Croke for pointing thisout to me. Excerpiade lnsidiis, 170.23—171.5.This is the only section devoted to Justin’s rule. The next extract, no. 44, concerns the Samaritan uprising of 528 during Justinian’s reign. Patzig 1891: 15,expressed doubts as to the attribution of this section also to Malalas.
a
version,
latter
a.
negotiations
123.1—5, pass
source
Theophanes’
version
negative
loyalist
This
the
well
excerpteurs
Procopius’
surprising
been
its
Monophysite
Constantinople
he
by
justifies
justify
the
line, assasination.
interests
more
him. 36
references
of
personally
that
Celerianus
52,0
part
rebelled
106
s
36
Faced
(3)
was
support
Pseudo-Zachariah
from a
way
in
Excerpta,
It
Vict.
and HE
be
Theoph.
Jordanes,
Zach.
view
Cf. claims
as
claim
killed
offers
secret.
Vitalian
line
i.e.
of
official
following
Conclusion
is
portrayal
Our
tempted
that
struck
his
IV.3.
discussing
Croke
the
Malalas
into
of
the
Ton. quite
that
towards
against
with
held
Myt.
references,
that
appears
Anecdota. 39
in
used
historian, negotiated
of
n’est
remarks made
his
the
Evagrius fate:
during
a
that
suggestion
As
166.19—21,
overtures
Vitalian
Rornana,
2001: It
in
lengthy
a
the
§107
version
Thum;
down. 37
such
followed
HE
the
of
clear
Theophanes,
cellarius.’ 34
Whitby
was
regime.
who
represents
by
518
to
number
Justin
as
the
sans
the
he
Vitalian’s
Vitalian’s
Oxford
by
VIlI.2.
on
the
alternative
(p.
adopt
of
135—136.
to
that
his
will
imperial
(lIE
regards
remarkable
albeit
killed
paid
made was
that
Romans
Theophanes
the
Alpi
of
35,
excerptors. account
361,
such
be
doute
2000:
with
of
cf.
had
Just
uprising,
to
be used
Jordanes,
is
IV.3),
to
Mytilene
Pseudo-Zachariah’s
for
sources of
the
a,
garbled,
what
gaining
the
manuscript
a
Vasiliev
discussed
2006:
Zonaras, return revolt,
Vitalian
therefore
ed.
the
Vitalian’s
away come
regime,
523),
Theoph.
a
Vitalian
some
in
how
202,
rebel.
by
his
pas
sources,
resigned
downbeat
Excerpta
who
and
Mommsen version,
party
of
the
the
we
earlier 230,
notes,
disparities
to
It
see
Proc.
far
Ia
to
to
with
factional
extent
might
1950: writing
in
is ground, —
despoiled
cf.
vol.
his
Given
below,
Evagrius,
excerptors,
palace
the
165.5—7
have
Chronographie
fate
on
suspect
Alpi
who
and
and
the
also
line, that
the
Blaudeau
one
Anecd.
to
hatred
rebellions,
3, such
titles approach
Vitalian
which
the
as
also
version
113,
assessment
(Monumenta
sanitisation
2006:
XIV,5.14. makes
worth
Vitalian’s swore
less
ninth
p. in
by
might
the
his the
designed
in
offers
reference
while
to
disturbances.
bestowed
between
108.
grounds
be
the
for
Vitalian
as
just
Mango/Scott
Theophanes,
VL28,
many
the
than
if
Oxford
2006: for
prominence
236—237,
blamed
the
noting
expected
no
have
century:
the
him
in
the
cf.
Excerpta,
Debië’s
some
of
deserts,
of
550s
mention
consul
his
two
anger
point
patriarch
Whitby the
cities
249—250.
expected rebellion,
to
Bernard
Malalas
for
oaths
on
Chronicle
de
had
Gerrnaniae
the
that
of
that
and
details
the
part,
manuscript
and
former Justinian
which
to
years
Vitalian
Malalas’,
HE public
this
analysis
he
two
both
1997: where
at
earlier
be
negotiations
it
At
and
of
and it
—
2000:
just
is
of clearly
Severus.
VTIL2.
was
paralleled
a
asserts
the
critical,
combines
a
the assassination
was
Flusin:
the
she
is
later
iting
versions
more
Pseudo-Zachariah
not
point
at territories.
the
253
also
magisrer
consumption,
ifisiorica,
Excerpra,
of as less
number
(2004a:
as
202
one
rightly
for
been
both
very
the
a
so
victim,
critical
violated
of
seem still
n. is
a
seems
Victor
One
that
confirmed
view
n.
the
after
favourable
by consequence
‘Le
could
scholar
1.
fine-tuned
the
only
Malalas
end,
17.5
6.
argued
of
associates
the
the
following
Cf.
further
162—163),
to
it
assassination,
of
however.
Pseudo-Zachariah,
texte
interpretation
V.1),
to
militum,
Justinian’s
Malalas, The
case
for
come go
could
however,
Excerpta.
was
GEOFFREY
Tonnenensis
two
way
Leo and
those
fall
it
citizens
back
adds
whereas
has which
and
reference Excerpra
for
cf.
utilisé
for
for
represents by
the
Grammaticus, from
17.8,
with
versions,
to
to
go
to
On
is oaths. 35
Theophanes
Marc.
to
the
by
now
the
the
of
along
Amantius’
we
laconically
reign,
people
wercome
Justin.
followed. serve
is
who
the the
GREATREX
he
Malalas’
Malalas’
it
here.
this
official
Patzig.
serve
par
official account
shown
might that
to
found
is
corn. even
same
same
cites
for
the
and
the
that
had
with
as
not
les The
the
the
but
He
of
of
to its Theearly years ofiustin I’s reign in the sources 107
argued that Malalas’ omission of the events recorded in the Excerpta confirms his position as a mouthpiece of the regime’s propaganda. There is clearly a great danger of circularity herp. We prefer, however, to side with Jeffreys and Scott in regarding the Excerpta, even in this section, as offering genuine extracts from a version of Malalas’ 4work. Such an analysis gains support from the following considerations: ° (i) As we have already discussed, it was customary for various versions of a chronicle to circulate as soon as the work was published. Given the obvious popularity of Malalas’ work, and the curious fact that sources writing even much later in the sixth century, such as Evagrius and even, in the seventh century, the Chronicon Paschale and the Chronicle of John of Nikiu, appear to have used only the first edition of Malalas, it is reasonable to suppose that this initial version attracted a particularly wide audience. By the time these later authors came to draw upon Malalas, in all three cases using the first edition of the work, the various versions of this text at their disposal will no doubt have incorporated a certain amount of updating — for events later in Justinian’s reign — not to mention some changes and additions in the treatment of events covered by the first edition. In the case of the transmission of Malalas in Syriac, for instance, Muriel Debid has ably illustrated how the Chronicle soon became infused with a notably Monophysite flavour because of the translation (and additions) made by John of Ephesus already in the sixth century. (ii) It must, of course, be conceded that the extracts with which we have4 been primarily concerned here are remarkably different from the Baroccianus text of Malalas. They also differ significantly from the Chronicon Paschale, an important early witness, as Patzig noted, to the original version of Malalas. This fact, however, calls into question neither the authenticity of the accounts preserved in the Excerpla nor their link to Malalas. The Excerpta de Insidiis offers, in ch.35, a fuller account of Ariadne’s plotting against Illus than that in the Baroccianus manuscript of Malalas. The Constantinian excerpt adds the detail that Illus was summoned by Zeno to go down from the kathisma to the Delphax of the palace to receive some barbarian ambassadors; it was at this point that he was attacked. As the Australian translators of Malalas noted, these details may also be found in the Slavonic version of Malalas, conclusive proof that they are not drawn from a different source 42altogether. (iii) Disparities exist not only in the case of Malalas’ chronicle, but even in that of the much terser work of Marcellinus comes. One manuscript of his chronicle, dating from the
° Cf. E. JeffreysfM.Jeffreys/Scott1986:xxxiii. The quotation is from Flusin 2004: 136; cf. Patzig 1891: 14,Puech2006:225, for the inferencebased on Flusin (2004>. Debid2004a:162—163,See also Witakowski 1990:304—310,On these sources making use of the first edition see Jeffreys 1990: 249—254;none seems to have been aware of the second edition. Malalas’ own doctrinal views are discussedrecently by Puech 2006: 220—221and Alpi 2006: 227—242.Jerome offers a parallel case, since he admits openly, in his translation of Eusebius into Latin, that he added considerable amounts of material, filling in perceived gaps, before proceeding to extend Eusebius’ work. See Burgess 1999:23—24(text and translation), 115—116. 42 E. Jeffreys/M. Jeffreys/Scott 1986:215, on Mal. 15.13.Jeffreys and Scott, ibid., 233, are puzzled by the reference in the Excerpia(ch.43) to the first mappa in connection with Vitalian’s death, noting that all the other sources are united in placing the commander’s death in the palace. The difficulty disappears. however, when it is borne in mind that Vitaliancould easily have been summoned to the palace, just as was Illus, on some pretext, in order for him to be assassinated there. The version of Malalas employed by the excerptors would thus be one with a greater interest in the topography of the city, as evidenced likewise by the greater detail on Iflus. Pseudo-Zachariah, HE VIII 2, on the other hand, refers to Vitalian being assassinatedon his way froma bath to the palace.
Logothete:
worth /V.
21st
Lecapeni, versions,
1983:
also
rather
excerptors
incorporated
focus
return
of
represent
(and
such
work
that
original
reflects
versions
follows
work
would
this
and
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more
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2006),
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162—163;
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received
magister
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of
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such
two
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of
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chapter,
voice
mobile
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itself antique
significant
Malalas, tendency
throne
because
by
in remains
liquidation,
naturally
version
riot
Zeno’s
Chronicon
downfall
a
The
which
526
34,
a
the
omission
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process
also
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the
the
In
had
case
Anecdota
also
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this
Several
to
John
early
and
in
the
42).
Debië
differences
by
See
texts
cause
in
light
have
to,
Theodotus
the
Debié
fact
cf.
in Baroccianus
access Constantinople
—
can
in the
cite
where question
latter
qul
point
history
of
existence
526
of
that
appointment,
Malalas
In but
of
E.
of
John
de
years
comes
detailing
e.g.
Chronicon
portrayed
of
of
likewise
shaped 2004a:
—
been
later
that
the their
at
instances
lead. Malalas’
Nikiu,
et
JeffreyslM.
details
the
Paschale. 47
Nikiu,
of
while
in
IX.35—42
2004b:
Insidiis.
that
that
these
is
of
historians
Armatus,
later
to
Colocynthus
of
Mal.
information
work
particular).
case
intriguing
considerably
these
bias,
of
in
Syriac
view.’
reliable.
the
a
by
Nikiu.
it
clamped
hostility
emerging
by
are in
162—163
into
Jusin
Chronicle,
the
tradition
Chronicle,
the
took
details
clearly
of
authors
Thum,
of
16,18
166—168,
excerptors
concerning
multiple
of see
Paschale
his
stems
in
while
only
depiction
paralleled
does
work
in
varying
Theophanes,
titles
tradition
I The
considerations,
a
Jeffreys/Scott’s
fuller
place
am
now
Puech
book
a
in I
statement,
account
a
case
down and
to
in
‘s
is
however,
on
11.
not
to
second
grateful
John garbled
hostile
accorded
lateness
more
a
512
reign
more
had
or
our
XC.3—4.
preserved
generations several
from
Frantsouzoff
in
accounts
XC.l6—23,
on
Pseudo-Dionysius, the
call
his
of
As (603,
male
refer
2006:
(to
on of
versions
the
15
John
reports deliberate
note
text
his
that
Syriac access
F.
by
detailed
accession
the the
in
partisans.
emphasise
to of
favourable
we
to
Kochlias
of
the
to
tr.
hand
305.7. an Jeffreys/M.
—
naming
222—223,
the
to
is
of thus
Procopius’
with
On
Justinian
512 James
the
the of
the
nearly
have
centuries
being
he
M.
the
(1986:
in
prefect
Vitalian
that
mentioned. 48
version,
Malalas
anti-Justin
sources
it
of
ef.
authenticity
John’s
to
Ephesus’
can
arrest
the
claims
than
riot;
and
death
1999/2000:
clampdown in
alterations
bringing
which
authors is
Baroccianus
noted
Theodotus
Mal,
Proc.
of Howard-Johnston
of
supplementary
offered
the
and
the
Syriac
likewise
211)
does
M. not
unseated
the
cf.
the and
the
of
Jeffreys!Scott chronicle,
in
light.
Theodotus’
cf.
ii,
is
notion
of
18.12.
how
claims Whitby
Anecdota. 5 °
also
Justinian, that
that
later,
Baroccianus
former,
518
palace
Persian
the
rather
deliberate;
surprising
not
5—6/6,
Justin,
translation,
Witakowski
both
in
adaptation
tradition
it
to
tradition. 39
406
his
Alpi
released
(unlike
refer
the
To
Amantius
the
of
information into
John
of
Malalas’
Note
be
on
that
than Anastasius;
—
e.g.
a
version probably
1989:
divine
so
(discussing
the
eunuch
which,
Malalas:
De
emperor
not
what
2006: observed
but male
the
to
partisan line
Witakowski
the
also
that
earthquake for
details
canonical
see
1986:
of
the
John
Insidiis
activities
to
in
Justinian
with
does
to
95)
1990:
judgement)
illness
account events
drawing
has
of
be
with
resembles
Nikiu’s
240—241.
Baroccianus):
given
and
n.
who
extent
the
probably
Theophanes’
was
find
originally
Further
of
also
235
Thurn’s
found
mention
40
it
blithely
comes
the
in
praise
corrected
Nikiu
307—3 about
have
riots
in
a
kept
the
in
of
is
works
a
the
above
when
point
preserves
additional
female
chapter
of
episode
that
the
1991:
my
candidate
Justinian
related
this
hard
this
that
in
portrayal
Cf.
version
been
goes
the
the
that
parallels
and
and
for 10,
edition,
in
his
the
in
proof
attention
this
to Syriac
struck
out,
he
which
executed
for
Patzig
257.
case,
peace
reflects
earthquake
Greek,
see
523:
for
Anastasius
to
are
of
seems
illness,
cf.
Baroccianus;
light
fell
offered
back
anchorite,
of
the
John details
riot,
the
7,
chronicle
the
paved
say.
a
n.
into
n.
the
Flusin
Rhodes
preserved
305. represent
ill.
of
with
not
detailed
details
himself
accounts
between
concerning
the
John
49
35
1898:
conclusions to
first,
Excerpia to
to
and
should
of
seems
in
earthquake
as
See
this
here
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this
for
the
assume
above. on
a all
the
question. 5 ’
In
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present
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2004:
at
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at
version
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provides
122—123. Armatus’
in
changing
the
the
parallel.
eunuchs
way
whereas
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analysis
context they
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notable on attested original
XC.20.
the
thus
a
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or
hostile
for
503/4,
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same
One of
in
same
that
125,
for
late
fact
the
II, are
to
to
the
at
the
the
in
the
109
in
in is
gr.
vice
Malalas;
xlvi—iiii.
of
Malalas’ stage
multiple
of
text
impossibility version,
excerptors
On
which
are
Malalas
Moses
to
private,
drawing
city
compiling
See
derived
l3aroccianus.
Theophanes’
Theophanes
accuracy
1996:
in
and
and
sources,
point
Malalas
as
in
that
pronouncements
phenomenon
were
We
their
books
Malalas
Malalas’
Uncertainty
E.
1336:
be
110
The
which
versa,
the
flawed
53 0n
of
F.C.
chropicles;
52 Theophanes
it
her
Persia
also
JeffreyslM.
spliced
then
chronicles
they
would
Malalas,
became 28—29.
Khorenats’i
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grounds
whole
versions
This
we i.e.
records
on
text. and
using, version
has
I
on
Conybeare
much
Theophanes’
or
contribution
and
now
relied
we
dichotomy
of
chronicles.
(cf.
or
at
and
both
were
the
the
are
alone
combined
official
Pseudo-Moses
whether
of
into
tends
likewise
chronicle
See been
the
which
See
‘scant
of
11
indeed
were
thus
confused
Whitby
one
not reconstituting
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save
of
along
that
the
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on
of
does
MS
quickly
start
book
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them
further
able would
in
in
some
also
to
his so
even
Malalas. in
to
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another
established
sources.
(1902:
able be
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