Sigma Kappa Triangle

VOL. VII FEBRUARY, 1913 No.2

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OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF SIGMA KAPPA SORORITY

GEORGE BANTA, Official Printer and Publisher, 450 to 454 Ahnaip St., Menasha. W isconsin. TRIANGLE DIRECTORY '

Editor-in-Chief. HELEN F. GILMORE. 473 Waltham St., West Newton, Mass.

Exchange Editor. HELEN ROWELL. Central College, Lexington, Missouri.

Committee on Finance. Ellen P eterson, 1 Mt. Pleasant Terrace, Roxbury, Mass., Chairman. Elsie Gulley, Cherry Creek, N. Y. Blanche Crapo, 54 Warren Ave., Whitman, Mass.

Sigma Kappa TRIANGLE is issued in November, February, May and August. MANUSCRIPT must be sent to Helen F. Gilmore, 473 Waltham St., West Newton, Mass. (Boston P. 0.) on the First of the preceding months. Price $1.25 per annum. Single copies 35 cents.

Ente1·ed as second- class matter Octob er 15, 1910, at the Post Office at Menasha, Wis., under the act of March 3, 1879. · SIGMA· KAPPA SORORITY Founded at Colby College in 1874 FOUNDERS MRS. L. D. CARVER, nee Mary Caffrey Lowe, 99 Sewall St., Augusta, Maine. ELIZABETH GORHAM HOAG, (deceased). MRS. J. B. PIERCE, nee Ida M. Fuller, Kam!!as City, Mo. LOUISE HELEN COBURN, Skowhegan, Maine. MRS. G. W. HALL, nee Frances E. -Mann; 221 E St., N. W., Washington, D. C. A A A GRAND COUNCIL President MISS HILA HELEN SMALL, · 232 Highland Ave., Somerville, Mass. Vice-President MRS. EULA GROVE LINGER, 109 14th St., Buffalo, N. Y. Secretary . MRS. ETHEij HAYWARD WESTON, Hale, Michigan. Trea&urer MISS MARY LOUISE GAY, 1217 Park Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. A A A GRAND REGISTRAR JOSIE B. HOUCHENS, Urbana, Ill. Custodian of the Badge AGNES M. GILMORE, . 122 Summer Ave., Reading, Mass. Central :M:xtension Committee EVALINE SALSMAN . . Wollaston, Mass. GRACE ADA SMALL HOULDER, . . Arlington, Mass. MRS. ADELAIDE TRUE ELLERY Schenectady, N. Y. Delegate to Pan-Hellenic GRACE ADA SMALL HOULDER. Chairman of National Pan-Hellenic Congress LILLIAN W. THOMPSON, 224 W. 61st Place, Chicago, Ill. ROLL OF CHAPTERS

ACTIVE I ALPHA, 1874. Colby College, Waterville, Maine. BETA AND G.AMMA. Consolidated with Alpha. DELTA, 1904. · Boston University, Boston, Mass. EPSILON, 1905. Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. ZETA, 1906. George Washington University, Washing­ ton, D. C. ETA, 1906. Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, Ill. THETA, 1906. University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois. IoTA, 1908. University of Denver, Denv~r, Colorado. KAPPA, 1908. Brown University, Providence, R.I. LAMBDA, 1910. University of California, Berkeley, Cal. Mu, 1910. University of Washington, Seattle; Wash. Nu, 1911. Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt.

ALUMNAE Waterville Alumnae Waterville, Maine. Portland Alumnae . Portland, Me. Boston Alumnae Boston, Mass. New York Alumnae New York City. Rhode Island Alumnae Providence, R. I. Washington Alumnae Washington, D. C. Bloomington Alumnae Bloomington, Ill. Colorado Alumnae . Denver, Colo. California Alumnae Berkeley, Cal. Centra,l N. Y. Alumnae . Syracuse, N. Y. Puget Sound Alumnae Seattle, Wash. CONTENTS

A Convention Text ...... 93 Are Fraternities Justifiable ~ ...... 94 Mab.el C. Stone A Colby Symphony ...... 99 Emily Lowell Hanson, Alpha '14 Officers of Convention Committee ...... 100 Reminiscences of a Musical Childhood ...... 101 Elsie Fellows White, Alpha "Among The Lochs and Hills of Bonny Scotland" . . . . 110 Helen Riddell, Epsilon '15 Corne Up A Mile and Smile Awhile ...... 112 A Beautiful Influence ...... 114 Emma Drum Syracuse Social Settlement ...... : ...... ·...... 115 Eva McCabe, Epsilon '15 Convention Cogitations ...... 116 Convention Song ...... 117 Nellie Bakeman Donovan, Alpha '92 Traditions In Their Making ...... 118 Denver Do-Dos ...... 121 Pan-Hellenic Notes ...... 123 ,Report of Eleventh National Pan-Hellenic Congress . . . . 130 Lillian W. Thompson, Gamma Phi B eta In Memoriam ...... 140 Editorials ...... 141 Chapter Letters ...... 142 Personals ...... 157 College Current Events and Exchanges ...... 164 Statement ...... 185 Advertisements ...... 186 ' A CONVENTION TEXT "That Christ may dwell in your hearts; that ye, being rooted and grounded in love, may be able to comprehend what is the breadth and length and depth and height; that ye might be filled. ' '

THE CONVENTION OF 19l 3 We want above all else, to recreate the spirit of early Alpha, to see her traditions made luminous, to realize that Sigma's beautiful simplicity is the result of profound experience, .that our love for her is not only sentiment but involved prin-. ciples, and we want to experience to a greater degree than ever before the appreciation that our ritual is the foundation fabric of a nation-wide organization, working with one heart­ one way, towards the fruition of her ideals and the manifes­ tation of all that is noble and excellent in womanhood. Will you come, then, daughters of Sigma, from the east and the west of this broad lan~ of ours- come to our Queen City next summer, each prepared to give her best, and without prejudice, to accept and profit by the best that others have to give? CoNVENTION CoMMITTEE, Colorado Alumnae of Sigma Kappa. . ARE FRATERNITIES JUSTIFIABLE? The writer of the following article was a member of a national fra­ ternity, in one of the leading women's colleges of the country, from which she withdrew for the reasons given below. Many articles have appeared in our leading magazines dis­ cussing the value of fraternities in our colleges and univer­ sities. Some of the articles have argued that fraternities do good, some have argued that fraternities do harm, and most of these articles have seemed to justify fraternities or con­ demn them according to whether the writer considered that their good features outweighed their bad features or not. _ It is strange that the college mind of the day does not go deeper into this question, and, instead of discussing, year after year, the comparative benefits and faults of fraternities, discuss the fundamental principles that are at stake, and upon which alone the justification of fr!lternities can rest_ Of course fraternities do harm-every institution in the country has its faults; and it is equally certain that fraternities ac­ complish good, because, they would not have survived and been supported by many of the leading men and women' of our country had they accomplished nothing worth while_ The fol­ lowing discussion of the fraternity question is based upon a knowledge of college women's societies rather than the men's organizations, and the general statements made may or may not apply to the latter. In order to condemn the fraternity system as a whole it must be shown that the ~est societies, as well as the poorest ones, are doing permanent injury in our student world by fostering wrong ideas and principles, and that the good they accomplish (no matter how great when looked at from an in­ dividual viewpoint) becomes a positive evil by blinding the eyes of those in authority to their real character, so that the institution is allowed not only to continue, but to grow and become more firmly planted in the life of our nation_ Are fraternities justifiable? No, they are not. To t~ose who do not believe in democracy, or Christianity the reasons ARE FRATERNITIES J US'l'IFIABLE 1 95 given will have no weight. However, since America stands be­ fore the world both as a democratic and Christian nation, even those who do not accept these two national ideals can understand that, if the fraternity system is essentially un­ democratic or unchristian it has no place as an American in­ stitution. Let Germany who approves of her nobility and does not strive to be democratic, as America, have her fraternities; and let India with her caste system which has illustrated to the Nth degree the capacity of the human race to set up ar­ tificial barriers between man and man and which does not pretend to be Christian, take the fraternity system-but let America foster institutions appropriate to her national ideals. True democracy tends to an equality of rights and privi­ leges. ''Tends'' is the important· word in the preceding sen­ tence because it represents the spirit of democracy. Do fra­ ternities "tend" to an equality of rights and privileges 1 Have all students the opportunity of gaining membership in them 1 In a literary society literary ability makes a student eligible for membership. In societies such as the Phi Beta Kappa Fraternity (which is not a society of the kind that this article discusses because membership rests upon a different standard) every student has the same right to aspire to mem­ bership, the qualifications required being based upon scholastic attainments. With fraternities, and especially with sororities, we find this is not the case. The "all-round" wom:m is the standard here? No, it is not. A girl may be "all-round", ·and go through her four years of college, desirous of frater­ nity life, ·and never be able to enjoy it. Havi~g all the re­ quired qualities, she is kept out because of the whim of one girl who does not like her. Such is not an exceptional case. There are in nearly every college many students, the best kind of fraternity material, who never have the opportunity of joining a fraternity. You say it is best that it is so for two reasons. First of all, it would be hard for the non-fra­ ternity element if it utterly lacked the fraternity qualifica­ tions, as the distinction between the two classes would be more marked. It is fortunate for the spirit of democracy in 96 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE the college that some of the leading and best girls are not sorority girls. That is true. Secondly, a unanimous vote is nec­ essary· for membership in order to preserve the congeniality that makes a sorority helpful to a girl. That also is true. But in justifying sororities in refusing membership to eligible students we have proved that there is no one standard for membership, that the privilege is not extended to all on the same basis, and therefore, that in the very first business of the sorority, that of gaining its members and perpetuating itself, it is undemocratic. But perhaps fraternities should not be judged1 as other organizations. They may be more closely related in nature and ties to another sort of social grouping, and a kind absolutely necessary to society. There are aspects of fraternity life that resemble the most sacred bonds in human society, matrimony and' family life. Fraternities have no certain external stan­ dards for membership (although many enter into considera­ tion) but, after all, the fraternity girl who has the happiest fraternity life is the one who is chosen because of her personal attractions to the group of girls who have liked her, courted her, proposed to her, won her, and loved her ever after. If there be a basis of selection, a questionable point because of the influence of family money, offices, popularity, scholar­ ship, and ''pulls'' of all sorts, personal attractiveness is the ultimate standard by which the girl stands or falls. That is the standard in matrimony and is not to be condemned. Why , is it not justifiable in fraternities? This leads to the consideration of the second fundamental objection to fraternities. The system is unchristian. Mar­ riage is an institution essential to the happiness of the race and its continuance. There is another institution, established two thousand years ago, as sacred and more sacred than marriage because it is eternal, and its vows are such that, to one who has taken them the fraternity vows are only a duplication, and yet so restricted and narrow in their duplication that the facsimile has not been discovered. To one already a member of the former institution, the joining of the latter ARE FRATERNITIES JUSTIFIABLE? 97 is as empty and meaningless as to be sprinkled in baptism after one has been immersed. The institution referred to is the Kingdom of God and the universal brotherhood of mankind. Let the fraternity girl stop to think that the pledge she has taken to her fraternity sisters is no greater than what she owes to every human be­ ing, and the next question that will come to her will be ''Have I a right to deny by joining a smaller sisterhood the reality of the larger in my life?'' In heart there may be no such de­ nial, but before the public and especially before the non-fra­ ternity and other fraternity ghls, yes, even before her own fraternity sisters she is misrepresenting her love and loyalty to the universal sisterhood which is the greatest sorority and the only one fundamental to the welfare, of society. No in­ stitution has a right to demand life-love, and life loyalty and life sacrifice which is not ei?-during in its character and fun­ damental to the best interests of society. Our college fraterni­ ties make demands far beyond the place that they fill in the needs of the college community. It may be said that ~ororities have a special work to per­ form in this world-wide sisterhood-that one can be 'a sister to only a certain number of people anyway, and why not to the sorority sisters as well as those outside? There is just one answer to this argument, and it is that the universal fraternity is under the rule of a King and the appointments for service are made by Him, and not artificially by any society, or by such considerations as congeniality, attractive­ ness, or family trees. Life does not begin after college. Col­ lege is a valuable section of life and a Christian girl has no right to allow herself to belong to one special group of girls through those four years. Of course she has other friends too, but time is precious in college and the obligations of the fraternity absolutely prevent her from being free to do all of her Christian duty as each year may indicate it-she is so tied that the bulk of her spare time is not her own, and the largest service of which she might be c~pable is not rendered. She questions "are fraternities right?" but never really an- 98 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE swers the question because she is made to feel that to question is disloyal. College, the one place in the world where a young person should dare to face every question of right and wrong boldly and not feel guilty, tolerates an institution that can only continue to exist by making honest doubt appear dis­ honorable. The fact that, if fraternities were abolished there would be cliques anyway, and perhaps more snobs because fraternities a,re trying to overcome their most widely recognized fault, has nothing to do with the justification of fraternities. Cliques are natural, and if normal, justifiable. It is only the narrow, snobbish clique that is harmful, and the harm of such a clique to the college is little compared to the recognition and approval by the college authorities of an institution which, by its unanimous note, its badges, its conventions, and pub­ lications, stands as an established organization, and thus gets the best of our college students into its membership before they know fully what it involves. A girl is not wise enough to have formed her final opinion upon. the fraternity system until toward the end of her col­ lege course, and therefore sophomore pledging is no remedy for the injustice done to the mass of the students by binding them to serious vows before they full;y- comprehend the sig­ nificance of it all. The abolishment of fraternities from our coll.eges would create a situation difficult indeed to meet, but in uprooting any evil the fear of the outcome must not weaken the effort to do away with it. There are other institutions fully developed in our colleges today, such as the Christian Associations and the Student Government Associations, .that are ready to meet whatever problem may come up in student life, and it would not be long before some adjustment would be made and our student life proceed upon more democratic and Christian principles. MABEL C. STONE. A COLBY SYMPHONY To love our Alma Mater because she is strong, and noble, and true; because she has brought up manly sons and womanly daughters, and has planted in their hearts the love of Right; to serve our Alma Mater because in this way we can show our love; to give her our best because she has cherished us, and lent us her own strength; to work for her, and for the glory of her name; to study honestly and faithfully, losing the thought of present rew:;~.rd in the pursuit of a solid founda­ tion for our character; to walk straight forward in a work-a­ day world, remembering that in our life we reflect her teach­ ing; to be glad that we can call her Alma Mater, and to show her we are grateful for the kinship of congenial minds; to remember we are all her children and to live together as brothers and sisters, respecting her authority, revering her dignity, obeying cheerfully her law, and loving her as our mother; this is a Colby student's symphony. EMILY LOWELL HANSON, '14. OFFICERS OF CONVENTION COMMITTEE

DENVER, COLORADO Chairman-...... E thelyn Miller, 416 H umboldt St. V ice-chai1·man ...... Mrs. Mer rick Edwards . 2655 Ash St. Secretary ...... • ...... -...... F lorence -Colby 3563 E lizabeth St. Treasttret· ...... Amy Dinsmore 127 Acoma St.

CoNVENTION ANNOUNCEMENTS. Railroad Rates- There will be cheap rates on all railroads running into Denver in July. Dates- July 8, 9, 10, 11- 1913. Headquarters- The Adams Hotel, 18th and Welton Sts., Denver. Time of Arrival- Please arrive Monday, July 7th, if pos­ sible. Hotel Rates- The rates to those visitors not entertained by Colorado Alumnae Chapter will be three dollars a day, which includes r_oom, meals and transportation from the depot for yourself and your baggage. The first meal served under this rate will be Monday night, July 7th, and the last one Friday night, .July 11th. The banquet tax for every girl present will be $2.00. The hotel bill and banquet tax, $14.00 in all, is to be paid before the first session of Convention to the Treas­ urer of the Convention Committee. First session of Convention- Tuesday, July 8th, at 9 :00 A.M. REMINISCENCES OF A. MUSICAL CHILDHOOD The old Conservatory of Music occupied what is now kno"vn · as Franklin Square House, formerly the St. James Hotel, in the South End of Boston. It was here that I found myself, one spring morning, with a little new violin case in my hands, and a sense of mingled joy and bewilderment in my heart !lt the prospect of violin lessons. The first object which met my girlish gaze on entering the pillard portico of the old Conservatory, was a tall, dark cab­ inet of mahogany, behind the glass doors of which lay a tiny but perfect violin. Above and around, were wreathed huge horns, grotesque "serpents", viols of many quaint descriptions and a great assortment of curious musical instruments, which it was my desire during the years of childhood to touch and to examine, (particularly the fairy fiddle )- a desire never ful­ filled. Of my violin lessons, which began that first day, I retain only vaguely pleasant memories. As is so often the case with recollections of childhood, the more important features have escaped me and only trivial or humorous details survive. It wa:s with perplexity that I heard my instructor say he was a P•ole. I found Mr. Adamowski very patient, very kind, as well as thorough, in fact, he met with my entire approval. On recalli~g the names of the Conservatory teachers and students of that early day it is interesting to note how many have become famous. In fact they number among them many of this country's greatest musicians. During an absence of some weeks my teacher's place was taken by a young, light-haired Swiss gentleman, Mr. Charles Martin Loeffler, now one of the world's great composers. He was stricter than Mr. Adamowski, and decidedly over-par­ ticular, I thought, as to the manner in which I placed my fingers. During those weeks, however, my progress was phe­ nomenal. 102 SlGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

My French professor was Monsieur Jean de Peiffer, who spoke with a strong Parisian accent, and who used to make puns in French and tell delightful stories. How he laughed when I translated "Les Trois Mousequetaires ", the three mosquitoes! Lessons and practice over, there were other interests. The huge building, with its intricate corridors, was, I found, a delightful place to explore. It was like a city in miniature, having its business offices, its restaurant, its printing press, post office, bank- or registrar's desk, ·as well as a large de­ partment devoted to Arts and Crafts. The business of music-making and music-training went on above stairs, in numerous class rooms provided for the pur­ pose; the Arts and Crafts were relegated to regions below. It was not long before I had made the acquaintance of other children, within and without the Conservatory pre­ cincts, and was admitted to membership in a charmed circle, as romantic and imaginative as myself. We were allowed un­ limited freedom, perhaps because everyone was too busy to care what mischief we wrought; at all events, there seemed to be no good reason why we should not do as we liked, play where we liked, and follow our own sweet wills, which were more variable than the wind. For, if "a boy's will is the wind's will,'' to what shall we liken a girl's, when left to her own fanciful devices? • My hours of leisure must have been 'limited, for I studied, ' in those days, not only the violin, but French and drawing. Yet I remember little of the lessons, and much of the life of exploration and innocent adventure which :filled those leisure hours. There was, first, the Central Office, a fascinating place. Around it professors and students swarmed like bees during the busy morning hours. Upon "the wall were countless rows of buttons. Each button when pressed rang a bell in one of the rooms. Upon one memorable occasion when, absorbed in conversation I leaned ha1·d, against the wall, every button rang every bell in all the rooms, with results that were alarm- REMINISCENCES OF A. MuSICAL CHILDHOOD 103 ing to contemplate and for which I fled, forthwith. We were never reprimanded or scolded, though we must often have heen sadly in the way. Only once did I receive an admoni­ tory "Hush" from kind Mrs. Tourj ee, as I came flying down the main stairway, three steps at a time, singing Italian Opera at the top of my voice, in blissful unconsciousness of an amused assemblage of "pote11:t, grave and reverend" pro­ fessors below. I was greatly mortified at this occurrence and lJever sang "Hear me, Norma!" in public again. After such mishaps the endless labyrinth of corridors and rambling offices that constituted the old hotel basement, offered good opportunities for escape. Midway, one came upon a low,. stone archway, through which, over uneven cobblestones, the market carts, and other vehicles found entran~e to a paved courtyard. It was exactly like the entrance to a castle, I thought, and imagination was ready to supply not only port­ cullis and moat, but properly picturesque inhabitants. Within the court stood engine rooms, where black machinery pounded day and night, and where little girls in white frocks hesitated to venture. But. there were further attractions, in a large, bare, and barn-like structure, that ~>tood . just beyond the fence, offering inducements to the juvenile explorer that were p.ot ·to be resisted. All doors were, to us, open doo!1', and fences were, in those agile days, not barriers, but enticing vantage-points. Entering by a low door and creeping up within the dimness of the unlighted space I beheld above and below, huge guilded pipes, stacked horizontally one above the other, -to the roof. Protruding from the pile were vast re­ cumbent figures, exaggerated ornaments of gilded wood, and collossal faces with open mouths-faces that stared at us! I seldom lingered. The great singing faces were too uncamiy, too real. For in that windowless shed or barn, the great Music Hall organ was stored, and there it lay, silent and use­ less for many years. This was the approach to fairyland. The real domain lay beyond; over a yet higher fence, with spikes on top, a barrier which, it was rumored one had been forbidden to climb. But 104 SIGMA KAPP.~ · TRIANGLE what authority could keep children within bounds, when there were grass, trees, and wild flowers in view~ Behind the old Conservatory there was, and may be seen at the present time, an ancient grave yard in which stand grass-grown tombs shaded by tall trees. While out walking with m~ little son, on a recent April day, we paused to view through an iron gate­ way the very spot where I used to gather violets in the springs of long ago. No one has been buried there for many years, and so di­ lapidated were the doorways, that within a certain dark in­ terior (so rumor said) one might actually see skulls lying in a cor~er. I cannot vouch for the truth of this, as my courage was never equal to the test. Yet that gruesome relic of the past gave to the place the requisite note of awe and terror. Thenceforth it became, for me, wholly enchanted. Under the shady elms we told, by turns, the most marve­ lous fairy tales, and ghost stories. Mine were especially suc­ cessful, ~nd in great demand. Sometimes we became so badly frightened at our own inventions as to retreat over the fence, for safety. Often, our retreat led us as far as the kitchen, a spacious brick-paved apartment, with cooks, white-capped, fat and good natured from whom we begged apples. These apples we ate to keep up our courage, on resuming the ghost stories. I (remember, too, "keeping house" within the sheltering granite-fronted entrance to one . of the tombs. My menage consisted of bits of broken crockery and glass; the viands were of green inoss served in acorn cups. Here we brought our dolls, and here we lingered for many an hour, as happy as the birds that chirped above our heaQ.s. One of them may have been the "Bluebird" for augh.t I know! for the spirit of hap­ piness surely dwelt in that old garden. And for us, as for the children in Maeterlinck's beautiful play, there were no dead-only flowerl;l, a~d ·s;weet thoughts. Traversing various corridors on our way home from these adventures we came upo~ - the so-called "organ rooms" where students practiGed church organ. They were small hot rooms, and the organs were run by the same steam that operated REMINISCENCES OF A l\IuSICJ.. L CHILDHOOD 105 sundry "mangles" in the laundry next door. Shades of Mr. Mantalini! I remember those mangles! We played upon the organs, producing sounds wonderful and awful to hear, also-but more tenderly-upon an old spinet which stood in a far corner. It was a quaintly beautiful · little instrument, in good preservation save that some of the ivory keys were missing. Among other ''loved spots which my memory knew'' was the "Art Department." Within its doors were weird casts of hands and ears and feet, as well as heads and classical figures. I remember working long and diligently over a copy in stump and charcoal, of a gre'at plaster of Paris rosette, and a head of Juno. Beyond the Art School came a long, dim, windowless space, ·then up the stairs, and there you ,were, by the Ele­ vator! We children always ran the elevator! The man in charge, a Swede by the name of Gustave, understood that we expected this privilege and conceded it, as a matter of course. We ' ran the elevator well, too- quite with the professional touch. We were not allowed to open the gates, however, as that would have been too dangerous. It was great fun to pull the wire rope, far, far down, and to feel one's self rising-rising to bump the. ceiling at the fifth floor. Upon the wall of the elevator hung a motto, ''Patience is a comely vir­ tue." How often, in later years, have I remembered that significant inscription. From my mother's room, one could look far out to sea. It was a huge, square room (since divided into two) handsomely furnished, -with deep window seats where one could arrange a whole doll's establishment, with room to spare for one's self. From these window seats, broad, deep, and so high that one must struggle to clambor up into them, there was a fine view of the harbor, and of the horizon, where lay the open sea. I recall it best on gray days, when the air, washed clear by rain, seemed to reveal distant·· objects with unusual distinct­ ness. Under a lowering sky, -·through that clear, shaded, luminous atmosphere, one might perceive tiny far away ships, with black trails of smoke, moving slowly out -toward the dis- 106 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE tant ocean. And through it all, like gold and silver threads in a pattern of embroidery ran rnusic. My first musical mem­ ories are of Wagner, and Liszt 's arrangement of the Spinning Song from the ''Flying Dutchman.'' Someone was prac­ ticing piano next door, and the Spinning Song droned and buzzed in my ears ·an day, as I crouched in the window seat, playing dolls, drawing, or painting in my little water color book. I did not know, then, what Wagner's opera of the ''Flying Dutchman'' meant, or that it embodied a far-off leg­ end of the sea, but later knowledge bends with m-emory, to grace, with charming appropriateness the place, the scene and the accompaniment. Strangely enough, I do not remember practicing on my vio­ lin. But I recall playing Hauser's "Slumber Song" at a concert in the dining room, upon an improvised stage. I be­ lieve .I played rather badly upon this my first appearance, but having studied only six months, it was not surprising. On other occasions I formed part of the audience, which sat around, or behind the long tables, with chairs turned to face the stage. Several years later Sleeper Hall was built, and provided a suitable place for the Conservatory concerts. The best memory of all, however, except the spring flowers, and the sea, comes to me with the perfume of Jacqueminot ·roses. Being very tiny, I was sometimes chosen as flower bear­ er at ·concerts or recitals. I remember standing in the doorway of the crowded concert room with my little nose buried in huge bunches of hothouse roses, which I afterward presented­ clad in a short white ruffled frock, with my hair over my shoulders-to the salaaming soloist of the occasion. I gave flowers to Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes when he read for us "The Last Leaf", and upon my running in somewhat too hastily with a bunch of appleblossoms for good old Doctor Duryea he stooped and kissed me on the cheek, whereupon I turned very red, and scampered out faster than I came in, amid great applause! Not only Nordica-who was herself a Conservatory girl, but Sembrich, Eames, Nevada and many great artists came in those days to visit and to sing. REMINI~CENCES OF A MusicAL CHILDHOOD · 107

Opposite the dining room was the library, where, curled in an armchair I read by turns, ''The Five Little Peppers'' and "The Land of the Vedas" by Doctor Butler; all a bout the marvels of India, and the perils of Mutiny. The author of this book, and his daughter came to conduct missionary meet­ ings at the Conservatory. He was a reverend, saintly looking old gentleman, with snow-white hair and beard. At this period I had quite made up my mind to become a missionary and to play my violin in the zenanas of India. I cherish still among certain treasures, a swan bronze idol representing the god Krishna which was given me by Miss Butler. Its charm lay in the fact that it had really been worshiped. In those days the Conservatory was much interested in re­ ligious work. There were frequent missionary meetings and Bible classes, and one ~as expected to attend morning prayers ''or know the reason why.'' Never shall I forget the singing of hymns by those hundreds of fresh young voices, with Doctor Tourjee, in his little black skull cap singing with all his heart, and beaming upon us as he led. Such good organ playing as ·we had, too! The whole effect was inspiring­ grand, indeed-something to'begin the day with in good ear­ nest. When in her capacity of assistant preceptress my mother . was called upon to read prayers, I trembled for her. But in­ deed she was a beautiful reader, and no one could make the words sound so grand as she, or so true. We enjoyed the singing at prayers so much, that a youth­ ful ·friend ~nd I decided to join the Choral Class. We placed ourselves in the front seats, and sang Mendelssohn's oratorio o'f "Athaliah" at the tops of our voices, until Mr. Sherwin, to our great indignation put us out. Possibly our tightly braided pig tails, our youth and our enthusiasm may have aroused mirth in those vvho sat behind us. But we did not deserve banishment, for we sang in time, in tune, and with all our .might! I have since learned that in mu:sic one must not do things with all one's might. In harmony I was more successful, and enjoyed a year's 108 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE instruction under Mr. ·Stephen A. Emery. Mr. Emery de­ lighted us, one day, by informing the class that he was born in Paris. In the breathless pause that ensued, he added, with a twinkle, ''Paris, Maine ! '' Theory I studied. under Mr. Louis C. Elson, then, as now, the most genial and delightful of teachers. It was about this time that I composed a "Concerto" the MS of which is preserved as a family curiosity. Poetry, too, was attempted in these early and ambitious years, with in­ teresting results. Other memories flit by! I can see my mother coming down the ·long stairway to a reception given by the Faculty and teachers. H er gown was of blue velvet, with pale pink roses, and the light in her eyes and cheeks was like the glow of a softly shaded lamp. I used to ·w.onder why my mother looked so strange. I know now, that it was because she was beautiful! Within the brightly lighted drawing rooms one might see Doctor and Mrs. Tourjee, Mr. and Mrs. Otto Bendix, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred de Seve, and, later, Mr. and Mrs. Carl Faelten and Signor and Madam Rotoli. As a bride Madam Rotoli wore a dress of ivory satin, in which she looked like Gudio's St. Cecelia-very lovely, as well as a little strange and sad amid such .a crowd of new faces. Who put me to bed on these festive evenings I do not re­ member. Certain it is that I eluded, to the last moment the maternal ,pursuit. Three long stairways and the elevator, with a choice of five floors to range over gave me ample oppor­ tunity for escape. I can hear my dear mother's voice saying in stately accents, ''Young ladies, go to your rooms! '' while I, turning the corner at full speed, by no means intended to go to my room, or to bed. Usually I was caught at the doorway to the hall, when a recital was in progress, listening to the. music, and applauding vigorously. In the morning came a long sleep, with, (spoiled child that I was) breakfast in bed, brought up by my dear mother's own hands. Around the edges of that .sleep ran, so to speak, a trimming of scales, maJor, minor and chromatic; scales in REMINISCENCES OF A MUSICAL CHILDHOOD 109 thirds, arpeggios and five finger exercises, all wrought by the energetic hand of the girl next door. It was not until the ''Spinning Song'' began that I sprang up to see how the sea looked! So far away! Sombre, yet darkly luminous it lay, with a low light along the horizon. The distant ships that crossed that horizon have long since reached ''the haven where they would be. '' The drifting trails of smoke that marked their far-off course have long since melted into the mists of the vanished years. The music of those by-gone days has ceased to echo. Yet there remains to me the memory of a happy childhood to which all this picturesque environment lent ro­ mance. And it is for the sake of a younger generation that I seek to express and perpetuate something of that innocent happiness and charm. "AMONG THE LOCHS AND HILLS OF BONNY SCOTLAND" Dear Sigma Sisters : In looking over our last issue of the TRIANGLE I notice that all the articles are about trips which some of our more for­ tunate sisters have made to foreign shores. I was very much interested in each of them, but I must confess I was somewhat disappointed in not finding even a reference to the land of beautiful scenery and prE'tty maidens which I learned to love while visiting there in 1908-09. I refer to Scotland, the land where ''Heroism and Romance go hand in hand.'' Referring to Scotland's wonderfully beautiful scenery, Burns has written: Here Poesy might wake her Heaven-taught lyre, And look through Nature with creative fire: Here, to the wrongs of Fate half reconciled, Misfortune's lightened steps might wander wild; And disappointment, in these lonely bounds, Find balm to soothe her bitter, rankling wounds; Here heart-struck Grief might heavenward stretch her scan, And injured Worth forget and pardon man." On July 3rd, 1908, I sailed from Boston for Scotland, the land of my birth. This was my first real trip and the won­ der of it all ·did not come to me until I was again in America, July, 1909. The ship I sailed on was one of those which docks at Glasgow so I had an opportunity to sail up the Clyde River which is noted for its ship yards. For miles iilie river's banks are lined ,~;ith half built steamers, which look like skeletons of prehistoric monsters of the sea suspended in mid-air. One of the most. noteworthy sights along the Clyde is Dumbarton Rock where William Wallace was so shamefully betrayed. The Clyde, Dumbarton, Stirling, Edinburgh and other historic places are most interesting, but the part of Scotland which I most enjoyed was what is ·known as the "Trossachs ". I spent a month in the vicinity of these lakes and hills in a little town called Thornhill which was five miles distant from any railroad, had one street, and that very narrow with the houses built right up to the street, which did away with side­ walks. The houses were only one story high, with cement ''AMONG THE LocHs AND Hn_,Ls OF BoNNY ScoTLAND'' 111

' floors and many of them had thatched roofs. The front of these houses did not present a very striking appearance, but at the back of each was one of those oldfashioned gardens 've so often read about. It was in one of these gardens that the sweet-peas grew so high I had to have a step-ladder to reach the topmost blossoms. For some distance back of these gardens stretched those rugged hills which are typical of central and northern Scotland. These are the foothills of those wonderful '' Trossachs'' which people from all over the country come to see. One could hardly be otherwise than healthy and happy here for the air seems purer, the sun bright­ er and the people more hospitable than in any other part of the world. It was here that I heard for the first time real Scotch dialect. I rememb~red hearing one of those country rag-a­ muffins say "Watch and dinna skliff the sole off your shin" meaning in English "Watch and don't scuff ( ? ) the soles off your shoes.'' But ,let me take you from this little village of delightful surprises to Callan"der, a much larger town just over the hills from Thornhill, where we will take a day's trip over lakes and hills. ' First we get into our vehicle which very much resembles a ''Tally-Ho'' and are driven for a few miles up and down hills which seem endless. All along the road our guide points out spots made famous by Scott in his novels. We at length come to Loch Katrine where we take the steamer for Stronachlacher, the other end of the lake. We are now in the ll_lidst of Highland scenery which is extremely beau­ tiful. At .Stronachlacher we again climb into a Tally-Ho and are driven over a mountain pass, way up above the clouds, to Loch Lomond. At Inversnaid, one of the northernmost stops on the lake we have tea at ·a dear little hotel. Afternoon tea in Scotland is indeed a treat and one indulges in it very often. From Inversnaid we take the steamer do·wn picturesque and historic Loch Lomond and then home by train. · I would fain take you on many other delightful trips through the land of the heather but time and space are limited so I must leave you hoping that you all may visit this wonder­ fully romantic country some day. HELEN RIDDELL, E '15. COME UP A MILE AND SMILE A WHILE

''Mine Host of the Inn.'' Charley Adams.

We publish above the picture of a loyal friend of Sigma Kappa, the genial, jovial host of the Adams Hotel, whose hospitable welcome puts the visitor within his gates upon a footing of immediate friendliness and hominess.

pARTIAL CONVENTION PROGRAM (Subject to Change) Monday Evening, July 7th. First dinner served to delegates. Crede:p.tials and payment for hotel bills accepted by Con­ vention Committee Treasurer. Tuesday, July 8th. Credentials Received. First Business Session, 9 :00 A: 1\II. Evening-Greek Tea. Wednesday, July 9th. Interfraternity Round Table. Business Session. Model Initiation. Evening-Banquet. COME UP A lVIn,E AND SMILE AWHILE 113

Thursday, July lOth. Business Sessions. Evening-Kappadrome. Friday, July 11th. Business Session. Seeing Denver. Campus Party.

OuR AMBITION

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DELEGATES A A A A BEAUTIFUL INFLUENCE

One of the best thin~s that can come into the life of any­ one is association with the right kind of people. Surely each Sigma Kappa alumna treasures the memories of friendships that were formed in college, and that continue to exist between her and her sisters, even though the sisters be far away. While in college we hardly realize the influence that this friendship has. But when a girl looks back she sees how her life has been enriched. There has come through this association a realization of the power of truth as well as the love of truth. Usually it has taken away some selfishness and her whole life has been enriched and broadened because of this friendship. She has learned, with all the rest, to love humanity and to do what she can for her fellowman. It is really difficult to define what this influence really has been, but each girl knows that it is something beautiful, something that she can never forget, and s::>mething that will be a lasting influence in her life. EMMA DRUM. SYRACUSE SOCIAL SETTLEMENT Syracuse University may have been o:ri. the losing side of the football schedule during the past season, but this loss has been more than made up by her work of philanthropy. The Sociology department is actively en~aged in establish­ ing a social settlement in one of the worst slum districts in the city of Syracuse. With Doctor Parsons, the head of the department, as an enthusiastic leader, the college students have worked zealously for the betterment of the less fortunate beings ''under the Hill''. They have organized classes in sewing, ,raffia, cooking, Eng­ lish, dramatics and gymnasium; having in all an enrollment of four hundred boys and girls. This is the only college. settlement between New York and Chicago, and from present indications, it will soon be one of the strongest features of this rapidly growing university. EvA ·McCABE, E '15. CONVENTION COGITATIONS What has Sigma Kappa Convention to give me?

· What has Sigma Kappa Convention to give my chapter~ What has Sigma Kappa Convention to give my college 1 What has Sigma Kappa Convention to give the Pan-Hel­ lenic world 1 What has my sorority experience brought me which is of value to the Sigma Kappa Convention 1 Do I know the Regll.lations of my chapter? Do I know the national Constitution of Sigma: Kappa 1 Do I know enough Parliamentary law to present my ideas at the proper time and in the proper form 1 ...... CONVENTION SONG

HAIL, SIGMA KAPPA, HAIL! (Air: "Materna") From east and west assembled here A loyal Sigma band, We meet and greet our sisters clear From all this broad fair land ; And heart to heart and eye to eye, Rehearse a well-loved tale, And give the oft-repeated cry­ Hail, Sigma Kappa, hail! The inspiration gathered here May we with others share, And, like our true-blue violet Diffuse a fragrance rare, A quiet force, unseen yet strong To make the right prevail, Till round the world shall ring the song­ Hail, Sigma Kappa, hail! TRADITIONS IN THEIR MAKING Of all the young and thriving institutions so characteristic d the West, there is none more striking than the University of California. It has been amazed every August at the num­ bers that knock ·at its doors for admittance-so rapjdly have the numbers increased that even now we give ourselves a mental pinch jn trying to realize that the universities larger 1han the University of California are soon coun1led. Each year, in order to conform to the changed conditions, the stu­ dent body is forced to modify or even abolish traditions of student l ife. The center of student·life and activity is North Hall, as it has been for many years. North H all is a large red building with two rather distinct divisions. Under the north side of th}s building is the. Student's Co-operative ~to_r_e . Here it is that you procure your calculus text . and ,your chocolate creams. Just outside the door of this store is a long, wooden seat, called Senior Bench. No women students are ever seen in groups about the door and bench. No freshman dares sit on the bench. It is reserved for the initiated to .sit in the warm sun- for the bench faces the east- to read his ''Daily Cal". Every senior man leaves his initials or favorite nick­ name carved on the bench. He uses all his ingenuity to in­ vent something original either in word or execution. But the long bench is almost full of initials. There seems even now to be no available space. · The south steps of North Hall, by Senior Bench, are for men. Like the bench they are not for freshmen. No woman ever treads these steps. With the freshmen they use the north ~teps, or the steps at the back of the building. The steps on the north are for the women students. You make appointments to meet your friends there. It was only a few years ago that the women studied there, but as numbers increased, it became impossible to make way through the crowd. Nothing was said, but the custom ceased. TRADI'l'IONS IN THEIR MAKING 119

For many years ''Boola'' had been a favorite Califorpia song. I think it was in 1908 that the students decided that since "Boola" was sung by so many other universities and since it was not really our own, tMy would not sing it as ~ ()alifornia song. Accordingly, the men held a funeral for "Boola". It was buried forever. But in 1909 our football game with Stanford was at Palo Alto. It had been long since California had won. ~ut during this game, California's score came to be larger than Stanford's. The bleachers .were wild with excitement. Then it seemed as if Stanford would score and the game would be lost. Suddenly the bleachers burst forth into "Boola". Every Californian sang with all his might. The ball went towards the California goal like magic. Several times the situation seemed dangerous, but each time the California bleachers gave their song. 'The game was won for California, and California has not been defeated at foot­ ball by Stanford since then. Boola would not stay buried. She came to life, and vvas more alive than ever before. The student body holds its · football rallies in the Greek Theatre. It has been the custom since the theatre was built, to have a bonfire in the round central part below the diazoma. The freshman men gather the wood. But since the university has been growing at such an amazing rate, the freshman class has grown so large that the fires have become too hot. Each freshman class tries to make its fire bigger than the one made the year before. Owing to their numbers, the men have been forced nearer and nearer the fire. The heat is scarcPly endur­ able for many rows. Gradually this custom of having fires in the Greek Theatre is teing abandoned. The students must adjourn to some more open place for the fire. In the old days, rushes were held between the freshmen and sophomores. These have long ago become a thing of the past. The numbers became too large and the eagerness to outdo each other, and preceding classes too assiduous. Instead of this an annual pushball game is held_between the sophomores and freshmen. Until this year, freshmen, juniors and seniors wore strange 120 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE looking hats and caps on special occasions such as university meetings. These are being substituted by more conventional ones. The students are so widely scattered no_w, that the others are impossible. The Californians of the present generation will doubtless be much surprised when they come back after a few years. Our beloved North Hall is to be removed to make room for a larger and more modern structm:e. Each class will wish to institute and modify traditions. But this spirit of change and improvement is truly Western. We welcome it even though it often costs us a pang to see our beloved and honored tradi­ tions put aside. DENVER DO-DOS Do notify the Chairman when your train arrives. Do be on time. Do remember your card of credentials. Do be sociable. Do leave your hammer at home. Do get acquainted with Everybody. Do bring your song book. Do use a note-book and pencil. Do know what business is coming up at, Convention. Do ask questions. Do know your Parliamentary law. Do remember the Treasurer. DO COME.

PAN-HELLENIC NOTES CoNDUCTED BY GRACE ADA SMALL HouLDER The November TRIANGLE saw the Pan-Hellenic Column launched upon its way, and we do hope that not only the local Pan-Hellenic delegates for whom, primarily, it is intended, will read and digest what is given here, but that others as well will find it interesting and instructive. It is intended for all and it is not written to fill space-its chief purpose is that Sigma Kappas may be intelligently acquainted with Pan:Hel­ lenic problems and discussions.

No questions have been sent for this issue but three sug­ gestions have been offered which local Pan-Hellenics might work out in an effort to foster, and increase Pan-Hellenic spirit, and at the same time accomplish something worth while for their colleges. They are given as follows: 1. Raise a scholarship fund for girls in your college. 2. As an organization undertake some social service or philanthropic work in your locality-something in which all the chapters will be interested and willing to work. 3. Offer a prize to the women of the college for the· best essay or thesis on some subject pertinent to the interests of your college. Other general suggestions are offered as follows : 1. That 'the Pan-Hellenic, wherever the faculty fails to do so, take its own restrictions on nights of entertaining, closing hours, chaperones, and that it keep a calendar to avoid the frequent "bunching" of social affairs. 2. That Pan-Hellenics require a definite grade of work for a fixed period for initiation- that entrance conditions must be removed before initiation. 3. That Pan-Hellenics prove to the college world that they exist for wider purposes .than formulating rushing contracts, by taking an active part as an organization in college activi- 124 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE ties, in providing some social life for all college women, in pro­ viding rest rooms, equipped luneh rooms, providing scholar­ ships, or whatever need may present itself in any given insti­ tution.-Social Customs Report of N. P. C. 4. That sisters and daughters be allowed to be pledged early in the season that they may come directly under Pan­ Hellenic rules. 5. That local Pan-Hellenics provide some way whereby chapters may inform the girl who is invited what fraternity expenses are-before she is pledged.

Three things particularly, I wish to place before you in this issue: (a) An explanation to local delegates of just what I want in your bi-monthly reports which our Grand Secretary has already asked you to send; (b) a bit of information in regard to the Point System which N. P. C. is investigating at this time-and (c) The Report of the Eleventh Congress which was held at Chicago in October. a. In order for a delegate to N. P. C. to best represent that for which she is sent she should be well-informed on <;on­ ditions. I cannot learn conditions in all locations in which we have chapters, without having frequent reports from their Pan-Hellenic representatives. That is the first reason for my request for reports. The second is that in case friction arises in local P-an-Hellenic where Sigma has chapters, it is impos­ sible to judge fairly of conditions without having been kept in touch from the beginning. The first reports were due January 30. In case yon omitted any of the information asked for below please send it in your second report, due March 31. In general please follow the scheme mapped out below: 1. Write on one side only of large sized theme or essay paper. 2. Name fraternities represented in local Pan-Hellenic. 3. Name officers and fraternities. pAN-HELLENIC NOTES 125

4. Name delegates-state from what classes they come and whether each fraternity is represented by an alumna. 5. Send copy of Pan-Hellenic rules. Questions 2-5 need be answered only in the first report. In other reports only note what changes may have occurred. 6. State number of meetings held since last report. Give summary report of business done at each meeting. ~ 7. State any participation which your local Pan-Hellenic as such, has taken in college affairs. 8. Any friction in the local Pan-Hellenic-state details. Please touch upon these points in all of your reports-don't ignore one of them, answer it even though it be negatively. b. N. P. C. appointed Miss Powell, of K K r, Mrs. Lardner, II B ct>, and Miss Green of K A ®, to investigate the Point Sys­ tem in regard to college activities. The investigation which is now going on in every college in which fraternities exist is in brief as follows : "Every ultra-curriculum honor (notably officers in college activities, active participation in dramatics, etc., club member­ ship and work on college publications) counts a certain num­ ber of points, and no one girl can hold positions at one time totalling more than a designated number of points. Cover the following points in your investigation. I. When you :find the Point System in operation: 1. Obtain a copy 'of rules. 2. Find out what organization is responsible for its intro­ duction. 3. Who enforces the rules~ 4. Is it a success~ Is it a failure ~ If so, why~ II. Where you do not find the Point System in operation. 1. Find out whether there is need of it, that is- a. Is there a multiplicity of college activities~ b. Are there girls who are taking an over amount of curriculum honors~ 126 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

2. Consult and find out whether the system would be ac- cepted or welcome to the a. President of the college. b . . Dean of Women. c. Associated Women Students. d. Local Pan-Hellenic.'' If local Pan-Hellenics have been doing their duty they have. been discussing the above questionnaire which has been sent them, and are considering the following recommendations which were made last year by the Social Customs Com­ mittee: 1. It is recommended that fraternities bend their energies toward the adoption of a point system in all colleges, includ­ ing participation in college activities as well as office-holding­ and that this system provide some severe limitation upon the activity of those girls who are not keeping up their college work. 2. It is recommended that where~~ is not possible to secure the adoption of some such system for the whole student body through the Woman's League preferably, that it be proposed to the local Pan-Hellenic. A rapid survey of the following cutting from this same Social Customs report will make you readi~y see why N. P. C. is desirous of having such a system inaugurated. The reports show that the fraternity girls are taking an active part' in college organizations; the membership of frater­ nity girls in Y. W. C. A., literary, dramatic, athletic, and other organizations is relatively large. That they are active members is attested by the large number of fraternity women holding office in these organizations. These things are as they should be, but perhaps a few fraternity women are keep­ ing up their chapter's share of this work at a personal sacri­ fice. It is not unusual for one individual to hold at least four offices in different societies, and many are reported hold­ ing six or eight offices. It is obvious, that if any of these positions are of importance, no girl can afford time to give • pAN-HELLENIC NOTES 127 sufficient service in so many fields and still keep up her studies and have proper rest. Along this line it is interesting to note the participation of fraternity members in college activities other than conducting the business of organizations. This type of activity includes parts in dramatic productions, places on athletic teams, parts in choirs, on staffs of college papers, participating in fairs, celebrations, etc. The number taking part are many, arid the parts taken by the star performers in each chapter are many. It is not infrequent for one girl to be scheduled as participating· in at least 12 events of this nature in a year. The number naturally increases with the increase of :wtivities in the larger colleges. Some reports show girls participating in any number from 25 to 50, each year. When to this is added the social life of these no doubt popular members, their services as club officers, their fraternity duties, and their schol­ arship demands, there is no doubt they are over-doing or dissipating their energies. Few reports think either health or scholarship suffer from such activity, though a few reporters confess that both do, and others lay such suffering to too much society. It would seem that too much emphasis has been put upon the "all-round college girl" and not enough on the efficient college girl-taking efficiency in its broadest sense as applying to her entire year and all phases of her life. In six colleges, Adelphi, Barnard, Brown, Cornell, Goucher, Syracuse, there is a 'plan known as the point system, which controls, the num­ ber of offices one girl can hold. That is to say, every office counts so many points, and no girl can have over a certain number of points. This plan is excellent as far as it goes, but since it does not cover activity in college affairs except in the position of officer or committeeman it is very inadequate. Indeed in the very colleges where it exists, there also exists the excessive participation of the individual in college activities. We wish to recommend that the fraternities bend their ef­ forts toward having a similar point system adopted in all col­ leges but making such include participation in college activi- • 128 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE ties as well as office holding in organizations. The girl who is constantly rehearsing for some dramatic performance, is giving as much or more time than the president of the college's most active club. This point system should also provide some severe limitation upon the activity of girls who are not keep­ ing up their college ·work. Perhaps if the student body will not adopt such a plan (the Women's League is the general or­ iginator of the plan) Pan-Hellenic could put such a plan in operation for the fraternity women at least-no doubt they are the ones it would most affect anyway, as they are the leaders as a rule. Sigma Kappa delegates! if your Pan-Hellenic has not brought this matter before your association, ask about it! Apropos of this question we find the following system in use at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. '' 'l'he Point System is an institution which aims to prevent a student from carrying too much outside work to the detriment of his studies. Every office and activity is assigned a defi­ nite number of points, and no man may carry more than a total of ten points, except in case of track athletics. With track athletics a man may carry one other office, even though the two total more than ten points. The system vvas put into operation by the Institute Com­ mittee in the fall of 1908, and is enforced by one of its stand­ ing committees. The rating of offices as formed in March, 1909, is given below. Class A-'--10 Points-Editor-in-chief of Tech and Tech­ nique, General Manager of Tech Show, President of senior class. Class B-9 Points-Managing Editor of the Tech, Business Manager of the Tech, Chairman of Union Dining Room Com­ mittee, Business Manager of Techniqv.e, Business Manager of Tech Show, Stage Manager of Tech Show, President of junior class, Manager of the Track Team, Executive Committee of the Institute Committee. Class C-8 Points-Editors of the T ech, Assi. tant Bu iness Manager of the T ech, members of T echniqtte Board, Adver­ tising manager of the Tech Show (during second term. ) PAN-HELLENIC NOTES 129

Class D-7 Points-Chairman of Union House Committee, President of Y. M. C. A., President of sophomore class, mem­ bers of Junior Prom Committee, members of Senior Port­ folio Committee, Assistant Business Manager of Tech Show. Class E-6 Points-Chairman of Entertainment Committee, Manager of Fencing Team, Captain of Track Team, Associate Editors of the T ech, Assistant Advertising Manager of the Tech Show, Principals of Tech Show, Manager of the Basket­ ball Team, Manager of the Hockey Team, leaders of Musical Clubs, President of M. I. T. A. A., President of Professional Societies, President of freshman class, Gener?-1 Manager of Musical Clubs, Institute Committee. Class F-5 Points-Candidates for Assistant Track Man­ ager, Chorus of Tech. Show, Technique ljJlectoral Committee, candidates for Track, Cross Country, Hockey, Fencing, and Basketball Teams, members of Musical Clubs, members of and candidates for News Staff of Tech. Class G- 4 Points-Business Staff of the Tech, Managers of Class Teams, Assistant Managers of Basketball, Hockey, and Fencing Teams, Managers of Musical Clubs, Members of the Union Committee, Members of sub-committees of Union Committee, Advertising Manager of Tech Show (first term) Class H~3 Points-Members of and candidates for Class Teams, Treasurers of Classes, Secretary-Treasurer of l\IL I. T. A. A., Undergraduate Members of the Advisory Council, Gymnasium Team, Manager of Tennis Team. Class I- 2 Points-Secretaries of Classes, Memhers of M. I. T. A. -A., Secretaries and Treasurers of Professional So­ d eties, Secretary-Treasurer of Y. M. C. A., Manager of the Golf Team, members of and candidates for Golf and Tennis Teams. Class J - 1 Point-Vice-presidents of all organizations, Standing Committees of Professional Societies, Standing Com­ mittees of Y. M. C. A., Officers of The Co-operative Society, President and Secretary of the Musical Clubs, Executive Com­ mittees and Directors of Classes, Officers of all other clubs of open membership." REPORT OF ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-.HELLENIC CONGRESS

CONGRESS HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, October 17, 1912

REPORT OF THE MEETING OF GRAND PRESIDENTS Cong1·ess Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, October 16th and 17th, 1912 The Grand Presidents of all but two of the fraternities represented in the National Pan-Hellenic Congress met at the Congress Hotel, Wednesday afternoon and Thursday morning, October 16th and 17th, 1912, to discuss matters on which they wished to reach a common understanding A great many of the matters which make the direction of a fraternity difficult were discussed, and finally a code was drawn up, em­ bodying the principles on which the Gr·and Presidents will act during the coming year. This meeting was the first of its kind ever held, but so great was the value of the discussions it brought out that it is possible many more assemblies of the same kind will be held in the future. LILLIAN W. THOMPSON, Gamma Phi Beta, Secretary of N. P. C.

The Eleventh National Pan-Hellenic Congress was called together by' the chairman, Mrs. Cora Allen McElroy, Alpha Phi, in the Congress Hotel, October 17th at 1 :30 P. M. Miss Lillian W . Thompson, Gamma Phi Beta, acted as secretary. The following delegates presented credentials and were duly enrolled: Pi Beta Phi-Mrs. J. L . Lardner, 810 Milburn St., Evans­ ton, Ill. Kappa. Alpha Theta-Miss Eva R. Hall, 327 Sycamore St., Sycamore, Ill. Kappa Kappa Gamma-Miss Eva Powell, · 2703 Dwight Way, Berkeley, Cal. ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CoNGREss 131

Alpha Phi-Mrs. John Howard McElroy, 1514 East Fifty­ fourth St., Chicago, Ill. Delta Gamma-Miss Marguerite B. Lake, " Crannog", For­ est Hill, Md. Gamma Phi B eta-Miss Lillian W .. Thompson, 224 W. 61st Place, Chicago, Ill. Alpha Chi Omega-Mrs. James H . Crann, 610 Colorado St., Davenport, Iowa. Delta Delta Delta-Mrs. E. N. Parmelee, 7318 North Ash­ land Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Alpha Xi Delta-Miss Lena G. Baldwin, 670 Euclid Ave., Elmira, N. Y. Chi On,ega-Mrs. H . M. Collins, 210 Equitable Bldg., Den- ver, Colorado. · Sigma Kappa- Mrs. Grace S. Houlder, 11 Willow Place, Arlington, Mass. Alpha Omicron Pi---1\'I:rs. W . J. Campbell, 715 Court H , Port Huron, Mich. Z eta Tau Alpha-Dr. May A. Hopkins, 4609 Live Oak St., Dallas Texa~ . Alpha Gamma Delta-Miss Elisabeth Corbett, . National Home, Wis. Alpha Delta Phi--Mrs. W . C. Coles, 21 Cleburne Ave., Atlanta, Ga. Delta Z eta-Mrs. 0 . H. H ayes, 33rd and J ersey Sts., In­ dianapolis, Ind. Phi Mu- Miss Louese Monning, 1001 Polk St., Amarillo, Texas. Kappa Delta-Miss J enn W. Coltrane, 84 North Union St., Concord, N. C. The reading of the minutes of the Tenth Congress was dis­ pensed with and the report of the chairman of the Executive Committee was read and accepted.

CHAIRMAN'S REPORT To the Eleventh National Pan-H ell"enic Congress: The following matter has been compiled, printed and issued 132 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE to the fraternity officials through their National Pan-Hellenic delegates: 1. Two thousand copies of the report of the Tenth Con­ ference, including the constitution adopted at the Tenth Con­ ference giving limited legislation to the delegates and direct­ ing the government of the organization through an Executive Committee. 2. Three hundred copies of the Supplementary Report for officials of the National Pan-Hellenic fraternities. 3. Fifty copies of the exchange list for the National Pan­ Hellenic Journals. 4. Three hundred copies of the SoC'i;ll Service Report pre­ pared by Mrs. Parmelee, ../l .ll il, and Miss Green, K A ®. 5. The First Bulletin, February 1st, containing articles on: Dean's conference. Eligibility Clause. Scholarship Card. Announcements. 6. The Second Bulletin, May 1st, relating to subjects per­ taining to Summer Convention : How can local Pan-Hellenics assist the National Pan­ Hellenic? Fraternity Examinations. The responsibility of College Fraternities regarding High School Fraternities. How to present the Pan-Hellenic Movement at Con- vention. Regarding a Conference of Grand Presidents. A reprint of the Scholarship Card. Announcements. 7. Third Bulletin, September 15th, relating to the 11th Pan-~ellenic Congress : Program. Instructions to the Delegates. The Conference uf Grand Presidents. Congress Hotel Rates. Finances. ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CONGRESS 133

Pan-Hellenic Luncheon-July 1, 1912. Fraternity Journalism. Announcements. Letters signed by the Chairman and Secretary of the Exec­ utive Committee were sent · to the National Pan-Hellenic Editors asking them to emphasize the purpose of the :B,rater­ nity and scope of the Pan-Hellenic Movement. Letters of instruction to Pan-Hellenics at Goucher, Stan­ ford, Kansas and Missouri, as ordered by the Tenth Confer­ ence, were sent, signed by the Chairman and Secretary. Letters of information, as requested by fraternity officials, laymen and Pan-Hellenics, were sent, signed by Chairman and Secretary. Considerable ·printed matter issued by the various confer­ ences was often used in answering legitimate letters, recog­ nizing the printed page has the power to set forth a principle and to disseminate knowledge. One copy of the Men's Interfraternity Conference was mailed with the First Bulletin to each delegate. One copy of the Model Constitution for Local Pan~Hel­ lenic was mailed· with the Second Bulletin to each delegate. During the year Phi Mu and Kappa Delta have been ad­ mitted to the Congress. Several Pan-Hellenic dissensions have been current this year, but have been satisfactorily adjusted. These dissen­ sions have been the outgrowth in the main of petty rules. The year has been auspicious in the growth of the Pan-Hel­ lenic movement. Despite the incessant labor put upon the Executive Committee, which has worked without precedent or prejudice, the Chairman has found the work interesting and uplifting, and returns thanks to those who have sought to help the Executive Committee in its initial services to Pan-Hel­ lenism. CoRA ALLEN McELROY, Alpha Phi, Chairman. The reports of the delegates were then read and approved, and handed to Doctor Hopkins, for use in the supplementary report which the Congress ordered her to make . . The rec- 134 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE ommendations ·were given to Mrs. Houlder, and were later presented by her to the Congress for discussion and adoption. The following committees presented reports which were accepted.: Treasurer's report-Mrs. Craun. Report on Eligibility Clause-Mrs. P armelee.· Extension-Miss Hall. Chaperones-Mrs. Craun. Moved and carried that the executive committee be author­ ized to draw upon N. P. C. funds, if necessary, to secure chaperones by advertising, or by enrolling in a suitable agency. Deans' Conference-Mrs. Parmelee. Meeting adjourned. .

SECOND SESSION The second session was called to order by the chairman at 9 :00 Friday morning, October 18, 1912. The committee on recommendations presented its report, and the following sug­ gestions were adopted : Moved and carried that Mrs. Ida Shaw Martin be appointed historian of the National Pan-Hellenic Congress for the next five years. Moved and carried that the Executive Committee appoint a committee to inves tigate the grade of work done in summer schools. Committee-Mrs. Parmelee, Miss Lake, Mrs. Campbell. Moved and carried that the Executive Committee draw up the resolutions passed by former Conferences, and send them to the Grand Officers. Moved and carried that Alumnae Pan-Hellenics be allowed to contribute and subscribe to the Bulletins. Moved and carried that the Executive Committee appoint a committee to investigate what is being done with fraternity publications by the libraries to which they are sent. Com­ mittee-Mrs. Houlder. Th e report of the Committee on Scholarship Cards was then ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CONGRESS 135 l'ead and accepted. After some discussion the committee was continued and requested to embody the suggestions of the Congress in a new card. Committee-Mrs. Bigelow. Meeting adjourned.

THIRD SESSION The third session was called to order by the chairman Fri­ day afternoon at 2 o'clock. Mr. J. Calvin Hanna, B ® II, read a paper on ''High School Fraternities, Especially as Related to College Fraternities.'' Mr. Hanna · is principal of the Oak Park High School; he presented the arguments against High School fraternities with the greatest clearness1 and so strong was the impression made by his paper that the Congress ordered a committee to print and circulate it, to­ gether with the statement that this Congress, as well as former ones, heartily disapproves of High School fraternities and will do all in its power to discourage them. The Committee on Chapter House Inspection presented a report through its chairman, Miss Lake. After some discus­ sion, it was moved and carried that the Committee on Social Customs draft and submit to the Twelfth Congress a set . of model rules. The following committees were appointed to work during the year and report to the Twelfth Congress : A Committee on the Point System- Miss Powell, Mrs. Lardner. A Committee to investigate interfraternity organizations­ Miss Coltrane. A Committee to investigate Sophomore Pledge Day-Miss Monning. The following resolutions were referred to the Grand Presi­ dents to be put before the chapters of each fraternity for a vote: 1. A girl who breaks her pledge shall not be invited to join another fraternity for one calendar year. 2. A pledge shall expire at the end of one calendar year. 136 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

:F'OURTH SESSION The fourth session was called to order by the chairman Sat­ urday morning, October 19th, 1912, at 9 o'clock. A petition from the Michigan Pan-Hellenic was presented, asking that a dispensation permitting the pledging of High School seniors be granted them for two years, and stating that after that period it would be unnecessary. A thorough discussion of the matter resulted in a vote refusing the dispensation. A motion was then carried to turn the petition over to the Grand Presidents of the fraternities represented in Michigan. The Grand Presidents have granted the dispensation for two years, with the understanding that it shall never be asked for again. Moved and carried that delegates be instructed to request their fraternities to forward -the National Pan-Hellenic dues of $10.00 as soon as possible to the new treasurer, Mrs. E. N. Parmelee, 7318 N. Ashland Blvd., Chicago, Ill. The meeting then adjourned in order to catch a train for Evanston where the Pan-Hellenic banquet was to be held in the new gymnasium. A report of this luncheon appears below. ·The Eleventh National Pan-H ellenic Congress was, like its predecessors, notable for the friendliness of its atmosphere, and the trenchancy of its discussions. LILLIAN W. THOMPSON, Gamma Phi Beta, Secretary of the Eleventh National Pan-H ellenic Congress.

A luncheon, open to members of the fraternities of the National Pan-Hellenic Congress, was held in P atten Gym­ nasium, Evanston, Ill., at one o'clock on Saturday, October 19, 1912. Those present numbered three hundred and ninety-nine, about sixty more than last year's attendance, and included one man, Mr. ·George Banta, ~ ®, guest of the Congress. Mrs. McElroy, chairman, presided as toastmistress, and the following toasts were responded. to most delightfully: ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CoNGREss 137

Twice Welcome to Northwestern-Miss Blanchard, Acting Dean of Women at North·western University. Our Scholarship and Scholars-Miss Powell, President of Kappa Kappa Gamma. The Inspected and I;nspector-Miss ~-,itch, Editor of The Trident. The College Girl in the South and Her Fraternity-Doctor Hopkins, President of Zeta Tau Alpha. . Pan-Hellenism and Its Future-Mrs. Collins, President of Chi Omega. The New Administration-Miss Shepard, President of Gam­ ma Phi Beta. Mr. Banta was called upon to speak impromptu, and a vote of thanks was tendered him for the attractive luncheon programs, which were a, gift to the Congress from the Banta Publishing Company.

SUMMARY OF THE COMMITTEES OF THE NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CONGRESS

I.- COMMITTEES APPOINTED BY THE ELEVENTH CONGRESS Committee on Sophonw1·e Pledge Day-Miss Monning, Phi Mu. Comm.ittee on 8-umme1· Schools-Mrs. Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta; Miss Lake, Delta Gamma; Mrs. Campbell, Alpha Omi­ cron Pi. Committee on Forn1.er R esolutions of N. P. C.-Miss Thomp­ son, Gamma Phi Beta; Mrs. Craun, Alpha Chi Omega; Mrs. Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta. Committee on the Us e made of F1·ate1·nity P~bblications by Libraries-Mrs. Houlder, Sigma Kappa. Committee on the Publication of ll11·. Hanna's pape1·- Mrs. Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta; Miss Hall, Kappa Alpha Theta; Mrs. Collins, Chi Omega. - Committee on Point System- Miss Powell, Kappa Kappa Gamma; Mrs. Lardner, Pi Beta Phi. 138 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

Committee on Interfraternity Or·ganizations- Miss Coltrane, Kappa Delta; Mrs. Coles, Alpha Delta P hi; Miss Corbett, Alpha Gam·ma Delta.

II. STANDING COMMITTEES Committee on Eligibility- Mrs . Collins, Chi Omega; Mrs. Parmelee, Delta Delta Delta; Mrs. McElroy, Alpha Phi. Committee on Chaperones- Mrs. Crann, Alpha Chi Omega; Miss Baldwin, Alpha Xi Delta. Committee on Extension- Miss Hall, K A ®; Doctor Hop­ kins, z T A; Miss Lake, ~ 1'. Committee on Local Pan-Hellenics- Miss Hall, K A®; Mrs. Hayes, ~ Z. Committee on Uniform Scholarship Ca1·ds-Mrs. Bigelow, A on. · Committee on Social C~tstoms-Mrs. Lardner, II B ; Mrs. Parmelee, A A ~ . .

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR 1912-1913 Chairman, Lillian W. Thompson, I' B Secretary, Lois Smith Crann, A X n. Treasurer, Amy Olgen Parmelee, A A A.

Social and personal notes of the Eleventh National Pan­ Hellenic Congress : In spite of the numerous business ses­ sions and midnight committee meetings, quite a bit of social intercourse was squeezed in between times. Several times we lunched at the College Club where, even though we did talk shop, the atmosphere was surcharged with the spirit of getting acquainted. One afternoon, also, the College Club gave a tea in honor of the delegates to the Congress. One night we dined at Hull House and there we were given the opportunity of brief insight into the wonderful work of Jane Addams and her associates.

Mrs. Parmelee, Grand President of ~ A A, was the one delegate who had attended every assembly of National Pan­ H ellenic. ELEVENTH NATIONAL PAN-HELLENIC CONGRESS 139

Prof. John Calvin Hanna, B ® II, Principal of the Oak Park (Ill.) High School, read before the Congress a very inter­ esting paper on the high school fraternity, which is publishe9. in full in Banta's Greek Exchange. The annual Pan-Hellenic luncheon was the closing feature of the conference. To this function all fraternity women in or near Chicago were invited. It was at the Patten gym­ nasium of Northwestern University. Three hundred and eighty-seven fraternity women and one fraternity man, Mr. Banta, attended the luncheon. Alpha Phi and Gamma Phi Beta had the largest representation, each with 43 members present; Alpha Chi Omega was next with 39; then came Kappa Delta and Kappa Alpha Theta, each with 33 delegates; Delta Delta Delta had a delegation of 31; Pi Beta Phi and Chi Omega, each had 29 present; Delta Gamma, 27; Kappa Kappa Gamma, 24; Alpha Omicron Pi, 22; Alpha Xi Delta, 18; Phi Mu, 7; Sigma Kappa, 4; Zeta Tau Alpha and Alpha Gamma Delta, each 2; Alpha Delta Phi and Delta Ze.ta, each 1. Sigma Kappa's guests to the Pan-Hellenic lunch were Irene Wheeler, sent as representative by Theta chapter, and Blanche Boyce and Marguerite Vail Mitchell from Eta. IN MEMORIAM RESOLUTIONS WHEREAS, God, in His infinite wisdom has seen fit to re­ move from this life ~mr beloved sister, Charlotte M. Bryden, be it Resolved, that we, the members of Epsilon chapter of Sigma Kappa, extend to the members of the bereaved family our heartfelt sympathy in this great sorrow; and be it further Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the bereaved family and published in the Sorority Quarterly and Daily Orange. HA.zEL M. SPANN, '13. ADA D. WELLS, '14. ELLA L. PAINE, '14. EDITORIAL We publish in this issue an article which is opposed to our beliefs but we do it believing in the fairness that allows both ~ides of a question to be presented, and we leave our readers to decide on the worth of the arguments against the fraternity system.

There should be no doubt in the mind of any Sigma that it is her duty as well as a most exquisite pleasure to ' ' Come up a mile and smile awhile" in July ·with the busy members of Iota.

A copy of Baird's Manual with its fund of information so necessary to all up-to-date Greeks should be the property of each chapter. We understand that the edition is nearly ex­ hausted, so those wishing copies, should order >Soon, as di­ rected in the advertisement.

Ple'ase see if your TRIANGLE contains a subscription blank. If it does please understand that your subscription expires with this number, and that an immediate renewal insures your receipt of the next issue.-This ll!eans You!

Our next issue will contain the names of our new associate editors who will send their instructions to the active and alumnae chapters before long. CHAPTER LETTERS ALPHA-COLBY COLLEGE Address-Foss Hall, ' Vaterville, Maine Dear Siste1·s in Sigma: Alpha extends to ·you all best wishes for a glad and pros­ perous New Year. College has opened again with a rush, a week earlier than it usually does. The fall term seems but a pleasant dream as the mid-year exams loom up before us. We are glad to introduce to you nine new sisters, a welcome addition to our band: Elna Campbell, '15, Ina McCausland, '15, Eleanor Bradlee, '16, Helen Cole, '16, Elizabeth Hodg­ kins, '] 6, Louise McCurdy, '16, Lois Osgood, '16, Eleanor Welch, '16, and Marion Wyman, '16. Some of these girls have already distinguished themselves in the college activitie:;;. Eleanor Bradlee was elected president, Louise McCurdy, vice­ p.resident, Marion Wyman, secretary and Helen Cole, treas­ urer of the freshman class. The initiation was held on November second, the day after Colby Day, and was followed by the annual banquet at the Elmwood. W c were very fortunate in having with us on this occasion our new Grand President, Sister Hila Helen Small of Delta. This was her :first visit to Alpha chapter for several years, and we were glad to meet her personally. Many of our &lumnae were back for initiation and Colby Day, and helped to make the occasion even more joyous. The Colby Day exercises were held in the afternoon and eve­ ning of November first. First came the customary drills by the sophomores and freshmen, ending in the crowning of Eleanor Bradlee as freshman class president. Then the com­ pany assembled in the rereption room to sing the Colby songs, old and new, which the juniors had collected and published for the occasion in a song book appropriately bound in blue and grey. After luncheon, served by the sophomores and freshmen, a social hour was enjoyed until the senior play, " The Rivals", was presented. Five of our girls were on the cast. The play was so successful that it was repeated by re- CHAPTER LETTERS 143 quest the following week before the Waterville Women's Club. During the fall enthusiasm for basketball ran high, and the interclass games resulted in the championship for the senior team; of which Phyllis St. Clair is captain. 'l'he season culminated in a basketball dinner held at Foss Hall, Decem­ ber 14, at which class numerals were awarded to the best players in each class. Toasts were given by the captains · of the class teams, among whom are Phyllis St. Clair, '13, Ethel Chamberlain, '15, and Marion Wyman, '16. This was followed by an informal dance in which all the girls participated, and the evening ended with class Christmas trees and carols in the gymnasium. One new departure in our college life this· fall has been the publication of a quarterly magazine for the Women's Division of Colby. Up to this time the women have been rep­ resented by a department in the college paper, the Colby Echo, but have not had an official organ of their own. 'l'he paper seems to fill a long-felt want, and its first edition waE: warmly welcomed. The editor-in-chief, Belle Smith, and four of her assistants are Sigmas. May thjs be a happy and successful New Year to our Sigma sisters all over the land. Yours in the Mystic Bond, CLARA E . WINSLOW. • • • DELTA-BOSTON UNIVERSITY Address-82 Huntington Ave., Boston, Mass., Suite 4 Dea1· Sigmw Sisters : Delta sends greetings to her sister chapters and best wishes for the "New ·Year." Next we wish to introduce you to our new pledges, Marth Card, '16, Boston, Mass.; Hazel Kempton, '16, Roxbury, Mass.; Hazel Clark, '16, Lynn, Mass.; Florence Perry, '16, So. Braintree, Mass. ; Josephine Sanford, '16, Malden, Mass. Initiation and the annual banquet will be held January fourth at the Hotel Vendome. Sister Hattie May Baker, '06, will be toastmistress. 144 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

Our last ''rushing party'' was a formal dance held in Curry ·Hall, Boston. The hall was decorated with lavender and white streamers and clusters of wistaria. The orders were of white leather with the l K monogram in gold. Several of the alumnae were back and one of them expressed the opinion of all by saying that it was the best sorority dance she had ever attended. November twenty-second and third, Boston· Alumnae chap­ ter held a sale at the sorority rooms. There were useful house­ hold articles, dainty neckwear and fancy articles, cakes and candies-all on sale at reasonable prices. The Tea Room in charge of Sister Sadie Collins did a thriving business. One very interesting feature was a fortune teller who proved to be Sister Clio Chilcote, Alpha. Sister Collins was chairman of the sale. Our ''spreads'' after meetings have been very enjoyable this year. We have succeeded in dramatizing ''The Courtship of Miles Standish", "Maud Muller", "The Witch's Daughter" much to the merriment of our alumnae and the girls who are not in the casts. November first, Gamma Delta Society, to which all girls in college belong, held a College Hallowe'en party. The enter­ tainment was a varied one, ranging from a minstrel show to a "Visit to the Ghosts". November twenty-first the same so­ ciety held its annual banquet. Sister Joyce Bisbee, '13, was chairman. December thirteen, the sophomores gave their an­ nual reception to the seniors. Sister Pearl Goddard, '15, as president of the sophomore class, was chairman. Recently Massachusetts Alpha of Pi Beta Phi gave an ''at home" to its patronesses and delegates from the other sorori­ ties. Pearl Goddard, '15, was Sigma Kappa's delPgate. Loyally yours in the Bond, KATHERINE E. HILLIKER, '13. CHAPTER LETTERS 143

EPSILON-SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY Address-903 University Ave., Syracuse, N. Y. Dear Sigma Sisters: Greetings from Epsilon ! And best wishes for the year 1913. I am writing this during the Christmas vacation, when all the girls are at their homes, but in a very short time we will all be back at the chapter house studying hard for examina­ tions. The mid-year examinations begin one week after we go back and you all know that that means a pretty busy time for every college student. We were all greatly shocked about Thanksgiving time to hear of the death of Charlotte Bryden, one of our last year girls, who had been teaching in Okemah, Oklahoma. We had no idea that she was seriously ill until the news came that she was dead. Clara Kempfe, one of our juniors, announced her marriage to James White while she was home for Thanksgiving-this was a great surprise to all of us. She came back to visit us about a week later and we had great fun getting a shower ready for her Again wishing you all a successful year. Yours in the Bond, ELLA L. ~ AINE, '14...... ETA-ILLINOIS. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY Address-70S East Empire, B loomington, Ill. Dear Sigma Sisters: To one and all Eta sends bes wishes for a bright and suc­ cessfuf New Year. Since our last letter nine new girls have been added to Sigma's ranks at Wesleyan; nine splendid, capable, all-round college girls. Our annual initiation was held December four­ teenth at the home of Elizabeth Engle, followed by a banquet in the Grill Room of the Bloomington Club. 146 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

This fall has been one of special interest to all connected with the university in any way. A campaign for a n ew endow­ ment fund has been waged in the city of Bloomington; over $125,000 has been r aised and a plan is now being carried out to raise $225,900 in the nei'ghboring towns. Also the Student_Mission ary Conference of Central Illinois colleges and universities was held here during the latter part of December. The active chapter enjoyed the annual Chri~tmas tree at the home of Maud Wullenwaber, the guests of the alumnae and will be their guests at their next regular meeting which will be held January 2, at the home of Edna Mahaffey. At present we are thoroughly alive to the many privileges and pleasures of our much anticipated vacation during which time so many of our alumnae are again with us. Yours in the Bond, ELIZA ALEXANDER, '13.

IOTA-UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Address-Box 136, University Park, Colo. Dem· Siste1·s in Sigma: There is an atmosphere of ·eagerness which pervades us all. It is suppressed excitement and anticipation at the joy of being able to welcome all our Sigma sisters to Denver this July. We want you to know, first of all, the eight splendid girls who were initiated November 12th ·at the home of Ethelyn Miller. They were Alice Flynn, '15. Maude Copeland, H elen Youker, Alice P eterson, H elen Wright, Anna Lamb, H elen Richardson and Gladys Mann; '16. At the banquet held in the Adams Hotel after initiation, we all realized once again what happy times we do have together. On Hallowe'en we gave a country dance which was delight­ fully informal even to the sweaters and doughnuts with cider. The Kappa Sigma's have distinguished themselves among the Greek women at Denver University this year for their CHAPTER LETTERS 147 originality in social entertainment. On December 4th we were their guests at a dance given at the Adams Hotel. Our pledges celebrated election day by entertaining the pledges of the other three sororities at the home of Maude Copeland. During Thanksgiving vacation we had a jolly taffy pull and on December 26th we had our chapter Christmas tree when Santa Claus, generously assisted by the alumnae, showered gifts upon the chapter house. A cosy, sunny tea room has just been finished in Univer­ sity Hall where we can enjoy the lunch hour on stormy days. To help defray the expense of this the Y. W. C. A. gave a Pageant of Nations, in which a number of our girls took part. May the bells of the New Year ring in twelve happy months for each chapter. Yours from a mile high, CORA EMERY, '15.

LAMBDA-UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Address-2225 College Avenue, Berkeley, Cal. Dear Sisters in Sigma: One of the swiftest and most delightful semesters in Lam­ da 's experience is a thing gone by now. We have existed through finals, and are variously scattered through the state. for the holidays. During this semester Alpha Chi Omega, Kappa Kappa Gamma, and Gamma Phi Beta, have moved into new chapter houses which they have built for themselves. In November, Verna Aimee Wood, '15, and Bessie Rowe, '15, were pledged -to Sigma Kappa. They are both from Santa Barbara. Although they are sophomores in standing, this is their first year at California. On Hallowe'en evening Sigma Kappa gave an informal dance at the chapter house. The decorations were beautiful as well as appropriate. Everyone had a jolly time. On Tuesday, December the tenth, the students, regents and 148 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

faculty held a meeting to give birthday greetings to Mrs.

Phoebe Apperson1 Hearst, it being Mrs. Hearst's seventieth birthday. As a gift, the students gave Mrs. H earst an en­ graved parchment roll, which expressed their birthday greet­ ings. The meeting was a most impressive one with its beau­ tiful music and hearty speeches. Mrs. H earst is the wisest and most generous benefactor the university has had. Lambda sends her love and her wishes for a glad and suc­ cessful new Year. Yours in S i gma'~:; Bond, MILDRED E. NORCROSS, '12. A A A MU-UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON Address-4738·17th N . E., Seattle, Wash. Dear Sigma Sisters : Greetings fron;J. Mu chapter and best wishes for 3: bright and successful New Year. Christmas vacation has arrived at last and we are all cele­ brating in real holiday fashion. A little less than a month and we will be in the midst of semester exams but then initiation follows immediately after, bringing with it all the good things that one gets by being a member of Sigma Kappa. Since our last letter we have pledged two more splendid girls making a total of eleven altogether who will go down the clothes chute and come o-qt wiser and better women. Friday night, December 13, our much anticipated 'Varsity ball was held and proved the most beautiful dance of the year with its setting of elaborate gow.ns and artistic decorations of purple and gold. ' The past month has been largely taken up with our philan­ thropic work, the girls giving baskets of provisions to several poor families who seemed in very straitened circumstances. Instead of having our customary Christmas tree for all the girls this year, the house-girls had a little joke tree with take-offs for each one, which caused a lot of amusement and laughter. CHAPTER LETTERS 149

Intense interest has been aroused by discussions in local Pan-Hellenic regarding the old question of rushing. For some time it has been felt that two weeks rushing at the beginning of each semester was not quite a success, so various other plans have been suggested. After a great deal of discussion, the issue resolved itself to either open rush, pledging imme­ diately after matriculating, or semester rush in which case, no prospective candidate could be pledged until after one se­ mester in college. The younger sororities feeling that they could not stand the latter form of rushing so soon were in favor of open rush, but finally the plan of pledging at the end of a semester was carried and goes into effect in February at the beginning of the new semester. With all college work to be done and exams not far away, the time from now on will prove very busy, but we are all looking forward to many jolly times together this winter. With Mu 's love and good wishes to you, Yours in Sigma, BARR ROSALIND, '14...... NU-MIJ)DLEBURY COLLEGE Address-Pearsons Hall, Middlebury, Vt. Dear Sigma Sisters: We have just returned from the Christmas holidays, and are hoping that everyone of you have enjoyed them as much as every one _of us have. About two weeks before Christmas we had our Upperclass Pledge Day-somewhat delayed, owing to unsettled conditions in Pan-Hellenic. We pledged one new sophomore, Margaret Pike, and expect to initiate her tonight. One more of our girls has left us,-Eliza Cady, '15, has decided that she wants to become a nurse, and will enter a New York hospital in the spring. Before Thanksgiving we had Mrs. Douglas of Vergennes, an Epsilon alumna, with us for one meeting. We certainly 150 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE enjoyed her visit, and are looking forward to seeing her again soon. We are envying those of you who have already had pledge day. Ours is still to come, and although we are hoping-still you know, it's so hard to tell what freshmen are really think­ ing! As the New Year begins, we are wishing all success and happiness to all our Sigma sisters. Yours in Sigma's Bond, PHYLLIS E.. HoPKINS, '13 .

WATERVILLE ALUMNAE • Address-40 College Ave., Waterville, Me. Dea1· SistMs in Sigma: Since the summer vacation the Waterville alumnae have held one regular meeting at which officers for the new year were elected as follows : · President-Sister Jennie Smith. Vice-secretary-Sister Caro Chapman. Secretary-Sister Grace Warren Atchley. Treasurer-Sister Mary Helen Caswell. At this meeting Sister Pauline Hanson of the active chapter gave an interesting report of the 1912 convention. We hope that sister alumnae chapters, who, like us, were without rep­ resentation at Bloomington, may have had a similar oppor­ tunity of hearing a verbal report of convention doings. We were interested, too, in Sister Dunn's report of a meet­ ing of the Boston Alumnae chapter at which she was present not long ago. Waterville alumnae would like to entertain visiting alumnae from other chapters sometimes. An inter­ change of visits, or at least an occasional letter, would be of mutual benefit and would tend to strengthen the bond that exists between us. A happy New Year to all Sigmas from the Waterville Alum­ nae Chapter! CHAPTER LE'l'TERS 151

BOSTON ALUMNAE Address-82 Huntington Ave., Roston, Mass. DeaT Siste1·s in Signw: The year of 1913 bids fair to be a most suocessful one for our Boston Alumnae chapter. So far we have held four' meetings. The first was held in September at the apartment occupied by Delta chapter at 82 Huntington Ave., Boston, In October, Sister Edith Joy Tucker opened her delightful little home at 41 Harvat·d St., Chelsea, to us, Here we held our annual election of officers, who are as follows: President-Agnes M. Gilmore. Vice-president- Grace Small Houlder. Secretary-Hattie M. Baker. Treasurer-Angie Main Bliss. Member of executive council-Edith Joy' Tucker. We had a large number present and were especially de­ lighted at the unexpected visit of Sister Florence Dunn, a former Grand President. The next meeting was a very short one held at the chapter house on the day of our sale, of which I will speak later. On the Saturday after Christmas we held our fourth meeting at the home of Sister Mildred McCann at 62 Garland St., Chelsea. Here we had a most satisfactory business meeting during which we called an intermission at 6 o'clock when six­ teen of us including the host sat down to a baked bean supper. During the meeting we formulated several plans for the year, one of which is for a short instructive entertainment of some sort at eacl} meeting. We also discussed plans for our annual philanthropic work to be decided upon at our next meeting. Among other things we started a fund to enable us to send at least one delegate to the next convention. ""'ff e plan to add to it at each meeting by making and selling little fancy ar­ ticles among ourselves. Our first contribution was realized from the sale of some knives given by a loyal brother. Of course we do not expect to amass an enormous sum but a small beginning is an incentive to more where girls are so loyal as ours. At this meeting our beloved Grand President, 152

Sister Hila Helen Sm:all, and our TRIANGLE Editor, Sister Helen Gilmore, were with us. No one is ever more welcome than these two. On November twenty.second and twenty-third, vve held a sale of useful and fancy articles, also candy, ice cream, and cake at the chap~er house. Sister Sara L. Collins was chair­ man of the committee and much of the credit for a most suc­ cessful sale belongs to her. The girls of Delta chapter came loyally to our assistance as always. Our Indian fortune teller reminded one most forcibly of Sister Clio Chilcott and many and varied were the things she foretold. Between our· second and third meetings about fifteen of us, active and alumnae, met at the home of Sister lVIay Baker in Somerville to make scrap-books for the Children's Hespital in Boston. At 6:30 we were called down stairs hy Sister Baker to a prettily decorated table filled with good things to eat. One pleasant feature of the affair was that there were no dishes to wash as our hostess very extravagently burned them. After supper we had a few songs and went back to our work. Most of us finished at least one book and felt that the meeting ,l;ras a grand success. When we heard later with what pleasure the books were received we felt fully repaid for our efforts. Our next meeting is to be held with Sister Grace Houlder at Willow Place, Arlington. We extend a hearty invitation to all our sisters in or around Boston to meet with us and wish you all a most happy and successful New Year. Yours in the Bond, lVIILDREn ELLIS McCANN.

WASHINGTON ALUMNAE Address-2024 G St., "· W., Washington, D. C. Dea·r Sigma Siste·rs: All is well with the Washington Alumnae Chapter. In fact, never have our prospects been brighter. Think of it, girls, with a total membership of about 18 members, we usually CHAPTER LETTERS 153

have present at our monthly meetings 15 or 16 girls. I just wish some of you could be present at our meetings and see what fine times we have. Our meeting is held on the first Monday evening of the month at the chapter room. We have dinner at six thirty, the regular meeting beginning at eight o'clo.ck. I would not have you think we merely play in our chapter. We work also. We are buying a piano as a present to the chapter room. Our philanthropic work this Christmas con­ sisted in answering letters which the Christ-Child Society re­ ceives from the poor·children of Washington, telling what they want Santa Claus to bring them. I know the hearts of the Sigma Santas were gladdened by the thought that they had brought happiness to at least a few tots. This is rather late for New Year greetings but this is the first chance we have had to wish. all our sister chapters a very, very happy New' Year Yours in Sigma's Bond, JEANETTE GESCHICKTER KERN.

COLORADO ALUMNAE CHAPTER Address-1226 Foster Bldg., DenHr, Colo. Dear Sisters {n 'Sigrna: The whistles have ceased but a few minutes ago their loud blast of "Ring out the old, Ring in the new", and as I write to give you the New Year's greetings from Colorado. Alumnae chapter, it_seems that more than ever bef_9 re is the message meant' for us. It was last fall at our initiation that a toast list, entitled "A Sigma Kappa Day", presided over by Sister Mary McLeod, revealed to us a few of the "new" things that we might add to our chapter life. I wish I had space to tell · you of that toast list, sisters, a masterly conception of what the life of a true Sigma girl might mean, an interpretation that began with the "Mo'rning" of a girl's life in the active chapter, carried her on through the "Noon" of new ideals and higher aspirations, the ''Afternoon'' of actual experiences, paused 154 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE by the way to talk of that enchanting phase of her life often called "fussing", and finally ended with the "Night" when a; broad chapter life and an active career have so strengthened her that her beneficient influence is no longer confined to her chapter and her immediate friends but extends to the whole community about h~r. That interpretation showed each of us a little clearer what we might make of our lives, individually and as a chapter, and in her endeavor to approach the ideal Colorado Alumnre has accomplished several things that might otherwise have remained undone. I Latest of these things, which may be of interest to you, is our Christmas dinner. A minister who is actively engaged in systematic char_ity told us of a family consisting of a widow and four children, the oldest an eighteen year old daughter. The five are living on the eight dollars a week that the daugh­ ter is making in a mattress factory. Each of us put in a quar­ ter, which bought a large turkey, and then each of us sent two or three articles so that we made up a dinner which was not only sufficient for the day but contained many staple ar­ ticles, such as flour and potatoes, that will last them for a month. Perhaps the most gratifying thing in our chapter life, if one may make comparisons, is the close friendship that exists between our alumnae and our active girls. We are indeed proud of the work that our advisory board is doing with the active chapter. You have heard about "two heads peing better than one" and what our two chapters have accomplished in co-operation proves the truth of the proverb; such· things as planning progra~s for the year and the annual ''Christmas tree," which is a sort of shower on the chapter house, can be much better handled in co-operation. To be sure, most of our work is accomplished in formal meetings, but I suspect that niany of our ideas are conceived in the little groups of active girls and alumnae which gather at our several houses for Sun­ day afternoon tea. We are proud to announce that a short time ago Miss Grace Tuck was installed as a patroness of Colorado Alumnae chap- CHAPTER LETTERS 155

ter with the regular installation service which Iota and Colo~ rado Alumnae chapters use to greet their patronesses. Believing that we could provide- no more fitting memorial for our late sister, Dr. Ella Oviatt, than by increasing the happiness of others, a mission to which her own life was de­ voted, we are preparing a box bearing a memorial plate, for the travelling state library. These boxes, each box containing fifty books, are sent to the small stations throughout the state · which cannot justify the establishment of a permanent library and they are indeed messages of cheer in these isolated dis­ tricts. On New Year's day we will meet our friends at the home of Maude Copeland, one of our freshmen, in one of the delightful receptionS that we love so well. These are but a few of the things that I might tell you if I had opportunity and I doubt not that you have all of you just as many things to tell us, if there were the opportunity. If the prospect seems interesting to you, make your plans so that you will be with us next July when we will spend four days exchanging ideas that shall make life richer for all of us. Let us send you our sincerest wishes for a happy New Year and it will be our pleasure if you will let us prove the sincerity of our wishes next summer. Yours in Sigma's Bond, FLORENCE COLBY.

CALIFORNIA ALUMNAE Address--1329 Clay Street, San Francisco, Cal. Dear Sisters in Sigma: Although the California Alumnae chapter has not been able to hold a meeting recently, the widely scattered members have not been idle. They are all busy thinking and planning and dreaming of the new chapter house which they see as yet only in a vision. But soon with their unflagging devotion something more than the dream-vision must materialize to crown their united efforts. 156 SIGMA. KA.PPA TRIANGLE

We all but envy those chapters that can hold monthly meet­ ings- to be sure whyrever there are a few California alumnae they gather together in Sigma's name, but as the roll of the alumnae chapter grows longer the difficulty of getting a suf­ ficient number for~ quorum grows harder. Since Lulu Dodge removed from Chicago to San Francisco and Frances Mar­ shall has changed. her name to Wigmore, the l K matrons living about the bay say: "We are seven." Within phoning distance also are Florence Chubb, teaching at the Cogswell Polytechnic School, Jean Smith, teaching in Oakland, Win Hunt, attending the Mark Hopkins Ar.t Institute, and Minnie Bunker, Alpha, teaching art in the Oakland High School. The Southern Sigma Kappas have their stronghold at Los Angeles. This winter they also number seven. They are hop­ ing that Dr. Mary Croswell, Alpha, will return to them ere long, for though she says the people of Farmington Falls, l\1aine, rush en rnasse to her busy office, yet it makes the con­ tents of her purse look like thirty cents to keep herself in flowers, and she is planning on coming back to flowery Cali­ fornia next spring. Now the best of all good wishes for the New Year and the gr eting of the spring violet· to each and every_Sigma . Yours in Sigma's Bond, FRANCES B. WIGMORE. PERSONALS ALPHA The following were present at the thirty-seventh annual ini­ tiation of Alpha chapter: Mrs. Lizzie Husey, '98; Clara Morill, '98; Mabel Dunn, ex- '03; Mary Helen Caswell, '04; Nellie Winslow, '07; Mrs. Grace W. Atchley, '03; Pauline Herring, '10; Caro Chapman, '10; Gene Bennett, ex- '10; Mollie Hanson, ex- '11; Ruth Goodwin, '] 2; Florence Carll, '12; and Florence Ingersoll, ex- '13. Vivian Skinner, ex- '15, has returned to college. The marriage of Virginia Noyes, '07, to Leslie Getchell, took place at the home of the bride's par:ents in Waterville, No­ vember 15th. They will make their home in Waterville. The Alpha girls who live in the vicinity of Portland were delightfully entertained at a coffee given by the Portland alumnae at the home of Mrs. Grace Farrar Linscott, '01, December 28. Among the active girls present were: Mabel Bynon, '14; Evelyn Whitney, '15; Ina McCausland, '15; and Vivian Skinner, '16. The parents of Mabel Dunn, '03, announce the marriage of their daughter to Herbert C. Libby, '02, professor of English at Colby College. After returning from their wedding ~rip they will reside on Burleigh Street in Waterville. . Grace Wells, ex-'15, has returned to college, from the State Home for Feeble Minded at Waverley, Mass, where she has been employed during the past year as nurse. Belle ~mith, '13, has been elected editor-in-chief of the new quarterly magazine, The Colbiana. Emily Hanson, '14, is her assistant; Phyllis St. Clair, '13, Ada Waugh, '13, and Alice Beckett, '14, are also on the staff. Ruth Brickett, ex-'15, spent a few days before the holidays visiting the girls at Colby. Several of the Alpl)a alumnae attended the marriage of Nellie P. Winslow, '07, to Joseph H . Rideout of Kenora, On­ tario. The ceremony took place on New Year's eve at the home of the bride's parents in Saco, Me. After a wedding ' 158 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE trip through eastern Canada, Mr. and Mrs. Rideout will make their home in Kenora, Ont. Avis 'rhompson, '13, was elected manager of the dramatic club of the Women's Division. The dramatic club is to pro­ duce a play, representing all four classes, at the annual Ivy Day exercises. Mariam Emory, '09, visited the girls before Thanksgiving. Mrs. Annie Pepper Varney, '97, gave an interesting talk at the Y. W. C. A : meeting just before the holidays. Edith Priest, '07, is teaching in Coburn Classical Institute, Waterville, Me. Mr. and Mrs. Grace Warren Atchley, '03, has returned from the West, and we are glad that she is still to make her home in Waterville.

DELTA Joyce Bisbee, '13, and Carrie Linekin, '13, spent the Christ­ mas vacation at their homes in Vermont. At the alumnae meeting in October held at the home of Hattie May Baker, '06, several of the active girls were present and helped to ·make scrapbooks for the children in a near by hospital. December twenty-eighth, Boston Alumnae chapter met with .Mildred Jones McCann, '07, at her home in Chelsea, Mass. Some of the alumnae who were back for the "rushing" ·party dance were Grace Small Houlder, '04; Hattie Baker, '06; Edith Joy Tucker, '07; Mildred Jones McCann, :01; Florence Young, '10; Charlotte Norton, '10; ]\{arion Titus, '12; Edith Clark, '12. · Virginia Mabry, '14, has been elected chairman of the Junior Play Committee, and a member of the H 'ub staff. The engagement of H elen Wilson, '10, to Mr. Edward Tiffany, Cornell '08, is announced. The engagement of Aroline Jaques, '10, to l\1r. Lawrence Forrest, M. I. T., K ~.is announced. PERSONALS 159

EPSILON The following people came back for initiation: Mrs. Meyers, Eta, Alpha C. Meyers, Eta, lVIrs .. Love, Eta, Harriet Finch, Bess Anderson, Marion Warner, Lois Kupfer Griffith, Fanny Pratt, Genevieve Shaylor, Marjorie Perkins, Lena Quick Smith, Eleanor Gordon, Elsie Gully. Epsilon chapter is saddened by the death of Charlotte Bry­ den who was a 1912 post graduate. The marriage of Clara Kampfe, '14, to James White, Prince­ ton '12, was announced at Thanksgiving. Isabel White '15, has left college on account of illness. She has undergone a very successful operation for appendicitis and has gone to her home in Butler, N. J., to recuperate. Marjorie Perkins, '12, spent Thanksgiving at the chapter house. ' Beatrice Bibbins, ex-'14, who is attending the Emerson School of Oratory at Boston, Mass., called at the chapter house recently. A A A ETA Eta entertained November 14 in her hall in honor of Mrs. Campbell of Ames, Iowa, the mother of Mabel Campbell, then a patroness now a sister. The active chapter was entertained by the pledges with a matinee party November 7. Lois Johnson of Onargo, Ill., was present at initiation.

Nita Robinson, Theta1 of Whitehall, Ill., was also a guest at initiation. Mrs. Grace Engle Rayburn and daughter of Grand Rapids, Mich., are here visiting the former's parents. 1\frs. Marguerite Vail Mitchell is a guest in the city during the holidays. Mr. and Mrs. Donald Van Retten, nee Leora Jones of Cissna Park, Ill., are visiting here for a few days. Erlina Jol)es entertained with a thimble party Friday, December 27, in honor of her sister, Mrs. Leora Jones Van Petten of Cissna Park. 160 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE

.Mr. and .Mrs . .Maud Dever Light, entertained December 30, for .Mrs. Grace Reaney Darden of Nashville, Tenn., who with her husband are spending the holidays here. Zelma .Monroe, '12, is home from Monticello, Iowa, for her Christmas vacation. Arlie Pierce, ex-:13, who is attending school in Oxford, Ohio, is home for the holidays. lVIirah and Beatrice Jones have gone to Chicago fQr vacation. Frost Rector went to her home in Slater, .Missouri, for Christmas. · Lorah Monroe and .Florence Jackson, '14, were the guests of Theta November 22-24. Beatrice Jones, '16, attended home coming in Champaign this fall. A A A IOTA Bird Rector has re,turned to her home in Missouri, promis­ ing to join us again for Convention. Mrs. Florence McKean Knight and her baby son, Edward, · visited Denver during December. Gladys Mann has been elected to membership in the Drama Club. Grace Conklin and Lorraine Walsh came down from the State University for initiation. Cora Emery has been elected secretary of the sophomore class. Lillie Holbrook came to Denver Thanksgiving week to attend · the State Teacher's Association. Helen Y ouke'r imd Maude Copeland spent part of their holidays in the hills. Mrs. Lorena Beaver Haldane came down from Golden for Christmas. Emma Drumm, who has been teaching in Windsor, Colo., came home for the holidays and she and Mary Skelly were at home to their friends December 27 . Betty Bass Hyder and her infant son came from Cincin­ uati for the holidays. CHAPTER LETTERS 161

Letters from many of our alumnae tell us of their intention of attending Convention and helping to welcome the Grand Chapter. Lillian Kendrick, Bird ~nd Belle Rector and Helen Rowell from Missouri, Enice Pleasant from Kansas, Florence Knight from Nebraska, Betty Bass Hyder from Cincinnati, · Olive Colbrath from Minnesota, Louise Eldredge from Utah, Leno Cooper from California, Loucile Hinckley from Cleve­ land, Portia Peyton from Kentucky, and Ethel Reid, Glenn Trachta, Evelyn Durham, Lillie Holbrook, Lorena Haldane and Emma Meyers in Colorado are some of Iota's scattered flock whom we hope to have with us, besides several others from whom we have not yet heard.

LAMBDA On December 3, 1912, Lorena Herbert, ex-'14, was married to Mr. William Parker in Bakersfield. Their home will be in Bakersfield. Minta Cox Edwards, '09, is the mother of a fine boy. Grace Bird, '14, had a prominent part in the junior Cur­ tain Raiser, which was given by 'the junior class the day after Thanksgiving. Tene Campbell, '15, and Ruth Ware, '13, played in the interclass basketball series. Gertrude Gray, '14, is spending the holidays with Emelie Poppe at Sonoma. Natalia Durney, '14, served on the junior prom committee. Minnie Bunker, Alpha, has returned to Berkeley from Europe. ' We are very glad to have her with us again. Elda Eggert, '11, Winifred Hunt, '11, and Lulu Mann Dodge, ex-'10, were at the chapter house November 9, the day of the California-Stanford football game.

MU Miss Hilda Deighton has returned from her concert tour through the South. 162 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

Mu chapter entertained all the mothers and alumnae with an informal tea the latter part of November. Mrs. J. Brinkeley of the University of Kansas, paid us a delightful visit the first of December. Miss Adelaide Moody, Miss Kate Hoffman and Miss Ruth Moody have spent _sever-al week-ends with us and we are al­ ways glad to see them. The house girls gave a pretty dinner after the football game 'l'hanksgiving Day and entertained several alumnae and friends. Mrs.- Donoway and Miss May Donoway '12, spent Thanks­ giving vacation at the chapter house. Mrs. Donoway was our house mother last year and it was certainly nice to have her with·us again. A A A NU Grace Allen, '11, made us an overnight visit in December, and will be with us for the initiation of Margaret Pike this evening. Sister Grace Wright, ex-'12, who is spending the winter in Bradentown, Florida, writes that she is enjoying herself, and that her health is much improved. Eunice Cady, ex-'14, hopes to return to college at the be­ ginning of the second semester. Marion Frizelle, '11, is teaching this year at Long Branch, New Jersey. Ruth Howland, an alumna of Epsilon chapter, called on Charlotte Slocum at her home in Amherst during the Christ­ mas recess. Alice Holmes, '13, is secretary of the Deutscher Verein. Mildred Snow, who has been substituting in the New Haven High School, has returned to college. Sisters Helen Crosby and Laura Newell, who are teaching in the State Industrial School at Vergennes, are to be present at the initiation tonight. CHAPTER LETTERS 163

WASHINGTON ALUMNAE CHAPTER On Wednesday, September 18, occurred the marriage of Levietta Ruth Alden, '10, and George Pelham Walton, at which Catherine Harrington and Jeannette Gaegeler were bridesmaids. Marion Heilprin, '12, who is taking graduate work at Bar­ nard, was in Washington during the Christmas holidays. The Washington Alumnae chapter was very glad to have at its last meeting Elizabeth Swank of .Iota chapter. COLLEGE CURRENT EVENTS AND EXCHANGES Exchanges please send copy to Miss Helen Rowell, Central College, Lexington, Mo . ; Miss Helen F . Gilmore, 437 Walt­ ham St., W. Newton, Mass ..; Mrs. Grace Ada Small Houlder, 11 Willow Place, "Arlington, Mass.; Miss Hila Helen Small, 232 Highland A venue, Somerville, Mass.; and Mrs. Ethel Hayward Weston, Hale, Mich., Iosco Co . The following exchanges have been received since the last issue: . The Parchment of Sigma Iota Chi; The Delta Upsilon Quar­ te1·ly; The Rainbow of Delta Tau Delta; The Shield of Phi Kappa Psi; The Alpha Phi Q1wrterly; To Dragma of Alpha Omicron Pi; The Phi Ch,i Quarte?·ly; The Arrow of Pi Beta Phi; The Alpha Tau Omega Palm; Kappa Alpha Theta; The G1·escent of Gamma Phi Beta; The Key of Kappa Kappa Gamma.

The Symposium here presented was collected by Madge Headley, (Gamma '98) Secretary of The Tenement House Committee of The Charity Organization of New York. Sister Madge insists her work i5 "too technical and hard to make understandable" but the following clipping taken from the journal of the society, The Survey, of Novem­ ber 9, gives us a delightful glimpse of her work. The Symposium is intended primarily to interest our readers in professions for women, but it also shows us the splendid things some of our alumnre are doing in New York City. Near the close of the year 1912 it was discovered for the first time why kitchen sinks are built so low that all women who wash dishes must suffer three backaches a day and nag their husbands to try boarding. The remedy was simple-raise the sinks. But the reason why sinks are low was tucked obscurely away in the minds of male persons who do not wash dishes. It all came out, and the reform movement for lengtheping sink · legs was successfully launched, as a result of the housing reform movement. It was this way: The housing reform movement gathered momentum and published reports and accomplished great things for some twenty years, under the direction of men and of women who had help in their kitchens. By that time. 1912, it had ·hooked on fire escapes, prescribed cubic CoLLEGE CuRRENT EvENTS AND ExcHANGES 165 a1r space and attended to all the structural and scientific points of te1;ement houses, so that the men who had started it no longer made inspections (pnly spe~ches) and turned over the field to women. The women, one in particular, Madge D. Headley, looked on a tenement with the eyes of a woman, and saw it as a possible home. Miss Headley saw that .the sink of the model tenement in the twentieth century is as low as the ancestral sink of the nineteenth, over which she had leaned and ached. The tenement women confessed that their backs ached in spite of the cubic air space. The 3o per cent of un­ occupied lot area gave no relief. Even the bath tub did not help, for that was lower still. Evidently the housing reform movement had slipped on this little detail. So Miss Headley, who was in particular pursuit of plumbing any­ way, went to a manufacturer of sinks. "Why are sinks made so low that they give women backaches three times a day?" she asked him. "Sinks are the same height they always have been," said he, just like that. ''But why have they always been the same height?" "I'm blessed if I know," he confessed, though he had been making them just that height since before Miss Headley was born. Thereupon he set out to find the reason, and was a long time about it Traced back to its beginning, the length of sink legs appeared to have been set for a good reason and continued for none. All por­ celain and metal sinks, he found, are the same height and have been since sink No. I was made. And No. I was the same height as the wopden sinks it succeeded. There the trail ended, but finally the sink man figured it out. The wooden sink was built in the days when dish-washing and such tasks were done in wooden tubs and buckets with high sides, so that a low sink was comfortable to work over. Moreover, it was be­ fore the time of running water, the tubs and buckets were heavy, and the lower the sink the less the lift. When the faucets and shallow vessels carpe in, the sink still scrooched down by the floor. No sink maker ever had to use one, so there it stayed, though if he had ever thought about it he would have seen that the basins in which he -washed his hands at his club and in his own bathroom were just as uncomfortably low, so that he had to bend over and splash water on his cuffs. By the time he had figured all this out the sink man was so interested -that he designed a new sink, a sort of sink on stilts or a daddy~long­ legs of a sink, and in no time at all now it will be on the market for the use and easement of women. All of which is to the everlasting credit of Miss Headley.-Aipha Phi Quarterly: . ' 166 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE

SPECIALIZATION FROM THE Alpha Phi Quarterly This is surely the era of women, and nowhere else is this shown Letter than in the diverse fields of employment open to her to-day. More and more is the question of sex being eliminated from business and from the professions, and quality of work is· now the standard, irrespective of the sex back of the hand or brain that produces it. Not long ago the average college graduate turned naturally to teaching as a means of livelihood and as the most logical avenue of money making because of her years of intellectual training in college. But new lines are now opening up, which give greater scope to p('rsonality and to that individual development which so directly affects the size of the pay envelope. For it is personality that counts these c!ays and the difference between you and the rest of the world is what is of value. I believe that every girl who intends to be self-supporting should try to make a thorough diagnosis of her case-strip her mentality of any frills, the result of the kind speeches of admiring friends, or perhaps a bit of personal vanity-and then face to face with bare facts ask herself "What have I to sell?" and "How can I best market it?" Every one of us has some special talent, something she can do a little better, or more attractively than the average person, some knack that makes accomplishment easy. And no matter what that is- it is the thing to develop, whether it be trimming a hat, or the care of chickens, or accuracy with fingers, or cooking a steak; for that specialty is the gold niine under her feet, given her to work and according to her industry and concentration, the field will be large or small, swift or slow. This is the age of specialization. Glance at any field of industry, in medicine the specialists are the successful practitioners, in Jaw the same thing is seen, and teaching is also becoming more and more a matter of specialization. In factory work we see each worker a special­ ist on his fragment of the whole, whether it be the heel of a shoe or the tying of threads, or the dipping of chocolate. So having found your special talent, specialize ·on it and study how it can best developed and marketed. I will illustrate by my own experience. The one ta!e'fit I s~~med to have was the power to seize the gist of an argument or to get the roints from a printed page by a swiftness of mepta,l vjsion an9. g~asp. But how to use this knack-how to make it swell my_ bank account. _ I knew there was need of it. somewhere in the plan of life, and that where there is a ·rda! need there is always mo1i.ey_ forthcoming to s~pply the demand for it. Six years ago when I began my work as a lecturer there seemed to COLLEGE CURRENT EVENTS AND EXCHANGES 167 be an awakening among the women in this part of the world-a desire to know more about the large affairs of life, an interest in under­ standing the political situation. This condition was largely the result of activity in women's clubs, and also to the increasing numbers of girl graduates that flooded the country every spring from the colleges and universities and swept to almost every town in the United States. Whatever its cause, the condition was there, and the women with newly awakened interest and a desire to be informed were in a quan­ dary as to how to get the needed information. A desultory course of reading leads nowhere, and there wasn't time to take any serious course of study along those lines. Their lives were filled with a myriad d demands, home-children-church-social duties-music-the theatre --scarcely time in their crowded days to read the head lines in the newspapers. One woman, with a keen insight into the needs of the hour, was ready for this condition. For sixteen years Miss Janet Richards of 'vVashington has been talking to women on current history. She began with small parlor groups of fifteen or twenty and now has an audience of 700 at Sherry's on Friday mornings and a supplementary class of soo to whom she repeats her talk in the same place on Saturday mornings. 'vVhile listening to her one day it flashed across me that here was the key to the utilization of my one special talent. As I heard her concise illuminating language-clearing a way the dead wood and pre­ senting the naked issue- I realized that it might be possible for me to work along those lines. It was charming and delightful to me to be told not only the world views, but of the undercurrents that are the connecting links between the events that occur simultaneously in dif­ ferent continents. Beginning with small parlor classes of a few friends I found my talent blossoming under the stimulus of their appreciation, until one of their number, a woman of executive ability and social prestige ar­ ranged with me to- hire a hall to give a series of talks on current topics on a someW'hat larger scale. The public need and desire for such a series of talks is most clearly shown by the fact that the list of subscribers has grown in three years from a little over one hundred to nearly six hundred, in this one class alone. It is exacting work and requires close study and the reading of the best articles by specialized writers, but it is after all, only the devel­ opment of that little talent of mine that might have lain hidden forever, while I was trying to copy what some one else could do, and was doing specially well, but which could never have been for me. My closing thought is the encouraging one that success is best achieved by following the special ,talent or power that belongs to us 168 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE individually, and since we always like to do what we do well, it elim­ inates much of the feeling of drudgery that is so clogging and de­ pre ~s ing in work we do not care to do for and which we have no spe­ cial aptitude. j ESSICA LoziER P AYNE, Alpha, ex-'92. A A A VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE FROM THE Alpha Phi Quarterly The opportunities open to college girls in social work in New York City are very la rge. If in addition to a college degree she has a year at the School of Philanthropy it is comparatively easy to get work in any part of the country. Social work is however no different from other available lines of work in its distrust of the girl just out of coll ege, who has had no experience. A year in some well known so­ cial service training school removes this disability and is considered practically necessary for workers in some branches unless they have had some other training. There are, however, large numbers of young women working for organizations, without this technical schooling. Positions are no harder to fi nd than in other branches of work, but ::s everything else, it is easier to get started if the applicant knows just what kind of a position she wants and sets out to get it, armed with a personal letter of introduction. Employment agencies in New York place social work third on their lists in the number of workers asked for-teaching comes f! rst, secretaries second. There is more opportunity for vari ety in social work than in any other profession. For the girl cl ever in mathematics, but who does not want to teach it, there are good openings as statistican, though :f she is without experience she will probably have to start with a humbler title. Nearly every town has or is starting, its charity organi­ zation society. They will employ "relief visitors," who in vestigate ihe families coming to them for assistance, pas8 upon their merits ~nd give the relief. Children's aid societies, some la rge hospitals and churches also employ this class of workers. The pay is usually not high, for unfo rtunately in some kinds of social work the traditi on still survives that all charity is blessed, whil e they have not learned. yet, that it ought to begin at home. The work is extremely interestin g however, and is admirably suited to anyone who wants an active life, out doors a lot, and climb­ ing stairs even more, and who is interested primarily in people. In­ vestigators, school visitors, a sort of preventive truant officer, and the truant office r herself leads the same active life and need to l: ring to their work the same keen personal interest and sympathy. At the same time the work seems perhap more valuable for be ides CoLLEGE CuRRENT EvENTS AND ExcHANGES 169 the temporary relief it aims to accomplish some permanent reform, which will eventually make the day to day relief unnecessary. And here I wish to speak rather positively of the so-called "dangers" for young women whose work takes them into the slums. In my own experience and in a great many talks with other investigators, I have never encountered a really disagreeable experience still less any grave danger. Rarely a harrassed mother shuts the door in one's face or a street lounger attempts a witticism. But everywhere one is recog­ nized as "different", usually as a teacher or a nurse, and is treated with respect and kindness. The poorer quarters of any city are the most crowded; this alone gives a protection that the "respectable", but more lonely neighborhoods lack. All investigators, when they begin, are given a few simple . cautions which if followed with ordinary common sense protect them absolutely from any real dangers. For the girl to whom personal relations do not mean so much there is equal opportunity for positions as secretary or filing clerk for so­ cieties and committees. This work is more interesting than similar work in a business office. as it usually gives considerable responsibility and the material handled is always inte'resting. Stenography and typewriting are a great help in this kind of work and often absolutely necessary. In fact, the girl who is planning to go into any branch of social work will do well to acquire a little facility ·on the typewriter. The opportunities in settlement work most girls already know. These po­ sitions are usually filled through personal acquaintance. If your in­ terest in social work comes mainly from the necessity of finding some ·work, you need not hesitate for a real interest in the work is sure to develop. Find out what position you want and then go and ask for it as if you were in real earnest and intended to get it. A visit to a settlement will often do just as well as knowing some one there. As for the very important question of salaries, they are about like teaching to begin on ; like most work for women, it is underpaid. But the pay is increasing and •the sentiment is growing in all parts of the country that social work should not be considered as charity, but should be adequately paid, as much as any other profession. As for the future in the work, one need only point to the positions held by such women as Jane Addams, Julia Lathrop or Mrs. Florence Kelley to show what is possible. EvELYN DEWEY, Mu.

DEPENDENT CHILDREN AND THEIR CARE FROM THE Alpha Phi Quarterly New York State has a very valuable association working for social betterment known as the State Charities Aid Association. Among its 170 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE numerous acttvtttes, which include anti-tuberculosis work, metnal hy­ giene, social 'legislation, etc., is the work for dependent children. Twelve counties and the city of Newburgh have agencies for dependent children supported jointly by county and town officials and local com­ mittees of the State Charities A id A ssociation. The Boards of Super­ visors in the counties and the Commissioners of Charity in the city of Newburgh make anmial appropriations toward the expense of this work in behalf of the children who must be supported by the public. The local committee of the State Charities A id Association secures the rest of the needed funds from private sources. A n agent is employed who gives her entire time to the work which is of the most varied character, but consists chiefly in assisting the Superintendent of the Poor and the overseers of the poor in all cases involving the welfare of children. Sometimes the work means plac­ ing defective chjldren in state institutions o r wayward boys and girls in reformatories. Frequently o rphans o r children wilfully neglected by their parents are take11 from homes of poverty, squalo r and vice and placed in foster homes. The supervisitig o f children who have been placed in these homes is also a large feature of the work. Many times the work of the agent is to discover the whereabouts of re­ sponsible relatives or to secure situations where mothers can keep their babies with them. In New York City the Association mai ntains a placing-out agency for children which serves as a sort of clearing­ house for the homes and children from the counties. Oftentimes a child in one of the Hudson River counties will just fi t into a home in the western part of the state and through this placing-out agency the homeless child and childless home a re brought together. · Three Alpha Phis are engaged in county agency work in New York State. Agnes Burke, Mu, 'n, is ~ n e of the two agents, one Catholic and one Protestant, for Oneida county, with headquarters at Utica. This . is a very busy county with dependent children literally by the hundred. Sometimes Sister Agnes is taken for one of the dependent children or the mother of a foundling, but this only adds variety to the work. Grace R eeder, M u, '10, is agent for O range county with an office in Goshen. She is doing volunteer probation work also. Flor­ ence Van V ranken, Mu, 'rz, has just been appointed agent for the city of Newburgh. Sister Florence has been working in the ew York office of the placing-out department since last July. She has escorted children from one end of the state to the other and feels quite at home in the work. Taking an eight weeks' old baby on a trip by sleeper is now a mere trifle to Sister Florence ! A good preparation for this sort of work is specialization in coll ege in sociology, economics and political science. One should also have had experience in some fo rm of volunteer social work to give confi- CoLLEGE CuRRENT EvEN TS AND ExcHANGES 171 dence and knowledge of how to deal with people in the charity world. A course in one of the Schools of Philanthropy is advisable but not necessary. The county agency work is splendid preparation for any sort of executive position in charity work, as one deals with every variety of "case".' It 'takes courage to face the misery and despair one sees day after clay, reali zing as one does that all one can do is onl y a so-called drop in the bucket, but in individual cases one can see results and feel that it is work very well worth while. GRACE R EEDER, 'ro.

MOVING PICTURE CENSORSHIP FROM THE A lpha Phi Quarterly I have be~n asked to tell of my experience during the fi rst year in assisting the National Board of Censorship in its work of assuring the public clean, wholesome amusement through moving pictures. Every 'vV·ednesday afternoon and sometimes more frequently, to­ gether with others of the committee, all unpaid volunteers, I go to the exhibition room of the manufacturers of movin g pictures. Here are shown for the firs t time fi lms on which thousands of dollars may have been spent, and through a voluntary agreement between the Board and the n1anufacturers, we pass upon them before they are " released" for public exhibition. The films when passed are shown under the heading "Passed By the Nati onal Board of Censorshi p". Sometimes a whole film is condemned, more often a part or whole scene is cut out because of its subject or the way it is presented. The manufac­ turers know that one morall y offensive picture may be the cause of far-reaching agitation again st all moving pictures. Some of the fi lms condemned for the United State are sold abroad while many of the imported pictures have eliminations made or are condemned alto­ gether although they are usually much more artistically presented than the American productions. This agreement between co mmercial firms interested in the returns to be secured, and a civic committee interested in community morals, arrived at by mutual consent, is a fi ne example of a real desire, rapidiy increasi'lg all over the country, to preserve and conserve public morals. Moving pictures are now the most important form of cheap amuse­ ment in the country. Any Alpha Phi who has some spare time can do a valuable service by visiting regularly some of the moving picture shows in her town and making sure that no films "contrary to public morality" are shown. It must be kept in mind however, that motion picture plays are a form of dramatic art, and as such they deal with the 172 SIGMA KAPPA TRIANGLE problem of real life, involving moral questions. Crime for crime's sake is condemned, but all suggestions of crime or violence cannot be excluded, though the actual· showing of murder, arson or suicide is forbidden, and the tendency toward sensationalism and vulgarity discouraged. Thousands of people enjoy silly and inane pictures but the standard is being steadily raised. The Board has no control over the construc­ tion or regulation of the picture theatres even in New York, but it is endeavoring by suggestion to develop the social possibilities of mov­ ing pictures as a means of entertainment and education. If any of you are moved to investigate the moving pictures pre­ sented in your town, and find any containing scenes which you think objectionable, send the name of picture and 1;ame of producing com­ pany to the N a tiona! Board of Censorship, New York City. The Board invites criticism and co-operation from all who are interested in this work. MARY HowARD KAVEN, Eta e.:r-'9r. A A A OPPORTUNITIES IN THE LIBRARY PROFESSION FROM THE Alpha Phi Qua1'terly Since the time when to be a librarian meant nothing more than to be a "keeper of printed books" as the phrase still goes in the British Museum, and when that meant exactly what it says with emphasis on "keeper," many changes have taken place in the world of the readers of books. Not only the attitude of the public mind toward the library as an institution, the attitude of the keeper himself toward the objects of his solicitude- indeed toward the identity of such objects -and the scope of his jurisdiction- not only have all these broadened incredibily but the range and variety of work included now in the pro­ fession of librarianship has become quite as extensive as in any' other line. Specialties have developed to a remarkable extent. There is a wide difference in the medical calling between the general practitioner and the biological student whose work is confined to the laboratory; in the teacher's work between the kindergarten and the university; in the engineering world between the drafting clerk in the city office and the explorer of the mountains and so on. In the library work, the lover of children finds her place am,mg their books and in the rooms devoted to their literary pursuits ; but a recluse and book-lover may equally en­ joy the cataloguing department or the receiving office or the indexing room where she will never see the public for whom she labors but cares not at all. The business woman may love organizing work, or the bibliographical sid e of the book publishing house or the miscellaneous what-ever-it-is of a concern like the Library Bureau. All these are pro- C oLLEGE CuRRENT EvENTS AND ExcnANGES 173 fessional librarians fi rst if they are to be most successful in the busin ess side afterward. So that the work of one who chooses librarianshi p might be roughly classifie d as possibly : social, cl erical and literary, social and literary, merely cl erical admin'istrative, general li brary work; as for instance the charge of a medium sized library, will of course com­ bine all of these, but in la rge and special li brari es the diffe rentiation will be something like the above. As to the child-lover, if that means you, which would you rather do, stand before a group of children by the hour, a different groi1p every hour, of course, and pl ay at questi on and answer unceasin gly day a fter day- or move about freely in a large pl easant room, among moving children, different individuals every minute, fi nding or telling them how to fi nd the fairy book, the story book, the history book, or the reference book, this for a few hours a cl ay interspersed with an hour behind the counter, accompanying the taking in or giving out of books with something like the followin g: "How did you get this book so soil ed. J ames? Little brother ? \ i\1 ell, you must keep library books away from little brother. You will have to pay a penny; W illiam for keeping your book too long. Let me see your hands, little boy. To, you may not come in with such dirty hands as those, Go .home fi rst and wash them. Yes ; you may join the library; go to that lady over there. The red fairy book, Lillie? Ask Mi ss Sibley to show you. E asy books? none on the shelves? I am afraid there aren't any just now. vVa it a little till some are put up. You can't take both these books, Anna; they are both stories, which one would you like? You can take some other book, not a story in place of this one." Or perhaps if you do not like children, would you rather co rrect ex amination papers and keep school records and fi les than to catalogue new books and sometimes old ones and keep records of their arrange­ ment and use? But even in the schools nowadays, the train ed li ­ brarians are goin g in and helping to get the very best books for the teachers and pupils to make lessons attracti ve and to use the best methods of ..classifying and arranging them for eff ective use. I spoke of the social sid e of li brary work and have illustrated it ~lightly in the children's room work. The same thing in th e ad ult cir­ culati on room and in the reference room can be easil y pictured. I n the branches of the New York Public Library we have an assistant whose special duty it is to cultivate the school teachers of the district and see that they get what they need from the library. One who has been a teacher can reali ze partly at least what this may mean to them. The assistant visits the schools and becomes personally acquainted with the teachers. At times she speaks to their conferences in order to tell them what the library may do for them. Sometimes she call s m class rooms and talks to the children themselves. If they are al- ·174 SIGMA K APPA 'fRIANGLE ready "members" of the library, they are delighted to see her; if not they speedily seek it out and " join". Many interesting experiences come to the school assistant from this relation. Recently I went with my school assistant to visit the schools for mental defectives on Ran­ dall's Island which happens to be within the limits of our district. We had a most enlightening forenoon under the personal conduct of the woman who for twenty-five years has been building up a most successful institution there. The result is a collection of books specially for the use of the workers in that institution and the introduction of many of these workers to the privileges of the public library. The social and literary division of the work is meant to include refer­ ence work within the library, bringing the student into contact with the books which he needs. To many it is the most enjoyable part, in­ cluding as it does, a wide knowledge of books and a pleasant inter­ course with intellec~ual people. The extent of this knowledge and intercourse depends upon the size of the community and of the library and also upon the previous literary education of the librarian. Clerical and literary employment will be combined in the cataloguing room in the large libraries. Cataloguers are also found in large book houses. Some of them might have better qualified ones than they do. For' the woman inclined to business life, positions of this sort may be attractive. There are also various commercial positions now de­ pending considerably upon the technical knowledge of the trained librarian. Librarians and library training classes are frequently called upon to recommend trained filing clerks, heads of filing departments and such. These positions have pretty good salaries. Then there is indexing which is sometimes done to a considerable extent in libraries but to a very large extent in offices of publishers of bibliographies. The Publisher's Weekly in New York and the H. W . Wilson Co., in Minneapolis, are the two houses supplying to libraries and the book trade needed bibliographical information and both have a corps of workers whose qualifications include a high degree of intelligence and interest in such work. A number of them are college graduates. They cull from the periodicals and new book all that anybody may want and classify it for him in an orderly manner. They tell us weekly or monthly about all the new books that are coming out in this country and help us to find out whether we wish to buy or read them. And they consolidate all this valuable information at intervals into a single index so that we can at any time without too much searching find any information that was published anywhere in the last five years or the five years before that and so on. Another com­ bination of the clerical and literary is found in reference work by correspondence. Some large libraries do thi on a large scale. The H. W. vVilson Co., and some individual make a business of this form of reference work. CoLLEGE CuRRENT E vENTS AND ExcHANGES 175

It is hardly necessary to dwell upon the merely clerical work which is inevitably found in the offices of a large system and differs from the clerica.J work in other institutions, only as the subj ect matter of the correspondence and files and the personnel of the offices differs. It is pleasanter to think of books and things ·litera ry than of some other things. The administrative opportunities are in their turn full of variety. L arge city libraries are so variously organized. In the last few years several large cities in the U1iited States have reorganized or developed in their organizati on so that the library world has been watthing them with much interest. · I will take New York as an illustration since I am most familiar with it. In the large central building, opened in the spring of I 9II, there is a central circulation room under charge of a woman who was a branch librarian. The work here is more special than that of a branch as it includes only the circulation of books; but since there is a very large constituency, a large staff is needed and many problems of detail arise. There is a ch.ildren's room \vhich is intended to be a model for the profession and which is used not only by many children but by many adults, teachers, other li brarians. workers with children in various capacities. The reference v.ork of the main library is distributed throughout the immense build­ ing ·into its various departments and of course these are administered from the director's offi ce. But aside from all this, the offi ces of the Circulati on Department are here and from these the forty branches scattered throughout the city are governed. Here is the offi ce of the traveling libraries, which is a most interesting variety of literary and clerical work combined; and here is the cataloguing o ffi ce, a de­ partmen t that includes not only the cataloguing of the books, but the interbranch loan work, and receives daily the hundreds of re­ quests from branches to borrow books that are not available on their own shelves but that are probably to be found somewhere in the interloan system. The cl erks look these up in union catalogue, not the branches which have the books desired and so rt the request cards for the messenger who takes them daily on his round among the branches. There is one cataloguer, a college graduate, of course, who has charge of all the foreign books for all branches. There are from fifteen to twenty foreign languages including classic s represented. In the offices there is also a Supervisor of the children's rooms whose work is not only what the title rep resents but who represents the library on many committees of outside social work, such as child welfare, vacation play­ grounds, etc. A Supervisor of work with schools is the constant in ­ spiration of school assistants besides being an understudy to other officers. A si.1pervisor of binding is not only a trained librarian, but an expert binder. She receiv es monthly from the branches a report SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE of the number of books in need of binding, mending or discarding, visits the branch and inspects these books, conducts the business with the outside binders to whom they are sent and decides what should be bound and what immediately replaced or disca rded. This involves not only a knowledge of physical needs of the book, but its value gen­ erall y, whether it can be replaced and at what cost. The work of the book order divisipn is so easily imagined that it need not be described. These lines that I have described refer to the administration of special departments onl y. At the branches, the branch librarian bas connection with all these departments, and direct contact with her public and with her own staff as well. A ll these a re most interesting. She must consider individual characteristics in proportioning the work, individual preferences and engagements in making a ttendance sched­ ul es. She must watch each assista nt in her assigned tasks and criti­ cize and suggest and help. She must remember the status of her

The only good reason which can be given for a fraternity, or any like organizati on for that matter, is the welfare of its members. If, as an organizati on, you fai l to in crease the happiness, usefuln ess and valu e of your members, you have failed as a fraternity. It is just as well to be plain about this, because if you fail here, you are gone. Not only is this true, but it is relatively true. That is to say, the fraternity that does most to en rich the li ves of it members best jus­ tifies its existence and will be strongest and best. Here are some things to remember: I. Look after the studiousness of your members. You are here to train your minds. 2. Look after the physical training of your members. You need strong bodies. 3· Look after the morals of your members. You wish to associate with ge ntl eme n .-~ T ~ Rai11bow. A A A COLLEGE CuRRENT EvENT AND ExcHANGES 179

In our chapter it is the custom to keep a "suggestion-book" for each of the offices of the chapter. Thus each successive girl who for instance, becomes corresponding secret?ry, benefits by the experience of her predecessor and in turn, records things which she found help­ ful. Promptness and typewritten Arro,; letters should be the foremost note in every secretary's "suggestion-book." Another necessity is a letter-file where the correspondence of the chapter may be kept in most accessible form.-California A.-The Arrow.

HINTS TO THE CHAPTERS What are you doing to make your chapter life intellectually worth while? Isn't the chapter meeting a perfunctory performance, usually gone through with because there is business that must be brought up? Is there any motive to make tne men really want to be present at every meeting? Are we not growing away from the practise prevalent in most of the early chapters and customary in many of those latest founded, of including with the business meeting some exercises that would show that the chapter was connected with an institution of learning? No college man, strange as it may seem, knows too much about what is going on around him in the world. Many of our modern col­ leges are too much intent on feeding a young man what they think he can digest as intellectual nourishment for sustenance after he leaves the gates of Alma Mater. They have little thought for his cultural education. Nor does the average young man care for "high­ browism." He leaves that for the girls in ou_r co-educational insti­ tutions. The arts course is tabooed. To combat this unfortunate tendency in American education the chapters of Delta Upsilon ought to contribute. Every chapter ought to establish and maintain an adequate library, such as the Secretary found in some chapters during his· recent trip. There is a place for fiction, which has some chance of living at least a year, for more dignified or, if you iike, standard authors, text-books and reference books which can be donated by departing brothers, besides a good encyclopedia. All this will take time to develop, but it is worth the effort and money expended. The fraternity house should be a home in the best sense of the word, and not a temporary abode for "birds of passage" to flit through, reeking nothing of their surroundings while in flight. Again, the chapter meeting can be made, once a month at least, highly instructive. No fellow is so versed in all lines of intellectual attainment that he cannot benefit by a talk by some other brother in his own field of college work. Besides, to the speaker will come 180 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE benefit, in gaining confidence and clearness in setting forth his knowl­ edge interestingly. Some of our chapters have done this for many years with results that show in the positions which their undergrad­ uates hold in college. If literary societies in some universities take the place of such "stunts," so ~uch the easier it will be for working up some such programme in a chapter meeting, for that can be a pre­ liminary appearance. But this movement can only co me slowly, beginning, perhaps, with current events or a drilling in fraternity history. Yet the ultimate goal should be kept in sight, a wholesome dissemination of the true culture in our rapidly changing collegiate in s tituti o ns . ~D e lt a Upsilon Quarterly.

ON THE WRITING OF CHAPTER LETTERS Now ·the writing of chapter letters can be made an easy and pleas­ ant duty. It is only necessary to understand the purpose of the chap­ ter letter and then make every line of it measure up to that purpose. F irst then, who is the chapter letter written for ? For the fello.ws in your own chapter ? Never. You are writing to interest and inform a do uble audience: r, the active and alumni men of the Fraternity in general, and, 2, the alumni of your own chapter. You should put in everything of general interest to either or both of these groups and cut out whatever is not of interest to them, however much it may interest you. The chapter letter is, or ought to be, a "news" letter. W e do not desire in this department any literary eff orts on the charms of spring N the beauties of the campus. W e want letters that are chockfull of good, live "news" about the chapter's progress and aims, about your house, about the chapter's connection with coll ege acti vities, and espe­ ci ally about your men, both active and alumni. Did you ever read in the larger newspapers the letters from Paris or ew York or Atl antic City ? The newspapers pay good money for those spicy, g·ossipy letters. Study them fo r id eas on handling material. Chapter letters should be ''news" letters. W hat is "news".? News is anything odd, strange or out of the ordinary run. This winter the dramatic club of Syracuse presented "The K ing Pin, ' written by Bro. Karl Oswald, Syracuse, '14. It was the fi rst time that the Syracuse dramati c club ever staged a play by an undergraduate. That was news. Our Illinois chapter this winter had the highest percentage of any fraternity in scholarshi p. Good news. There is always·news material in any of the chapters if the co rrespondent will nose it out and play it up ri ght. Good w riti n ~ is as much an art as good piano playin g. You have CoLLEGE CuRRENT EvENTS AND ExCHANGES 181 heard amateur pianists monotonously drumming out selections that tired you, but the very same pieces ~ave thrilled you when played by artists with a skillful command of emphasis and tonal eff ects. Our chapter correspondents ought to study and Jearn, not only for the sake of the magazine, but for their own personal benefit, how to shade and emphasize their material, how to play up one thing and lightly pass another. This can be learned just li ke bricklaying can be learned, and it (good writing) is a splendid acquirement for anyone. Learn to pass by the commonplaces in your letter with a mere mention and to lay stress on what is news, as defined above. No doubt you catch our idea by this time. It is to summarize and abbreviate the minor and commonplace items and play up those having news value-namely, those that are odd, strange or unusual. The best "news" is always human interest news. That is, news pertaining to persons. The more personal and intimate it is, the better Give us word pictures of your men so we will know them. Let us all get acquainted with your men personally. We don't want to think of them as just so many units. Throw in some sid elights on them, so we can smile at their foibles and sympathize with them in their sorrows. '.Vhen the steamer Titanic went down, Mr. and Mrs. Isidor Straus went down ·with it. Did the news writers simply mention the fact in so many words? They did not. They deftly elaborated it and made millions the world over weep for this heroic couple. It is important for the chapter correspondent, either directly or indirectly, by letter-writing or word of mouth, to get a line on the alumni of his chapter. Every one of your alumni is the subject of a live, interesting news story if you can but dig it out. At this mo­ ment the magazine has 2,000 alumni readers as compared with 1,400 active, and by fall it will have twice as many alumni as aCtive readers. It is only fair to the alumni to give them a good share of space and attention and to keep in mind what may be of special interest to them vv hen writil}g the letters. Send all the alumni: items you can get hold of. If such news doesn't come in, then go after it. For the benefit o.f those who rea,d and run, news writers usually give a summary of their story in the first paragraph. It has been suggested that the chapter correspondents give a similar summary of the principal items at the beginning of their letter. This would be very desirable where possible, but it is not always practicable, sin ce in many cases the whole letter is but a summary of events. The matter of expression, style, etc., cannot be treated here. Suffice i~ to say that good writing is principally a matter of cl ear thinking. A man with befuddled ideas cannot write well, no matter how facile r.i s expression. Before starting to write you should know fairly well 182 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE what you are going to say. A good writer is master of his material, always. A writer who gropes in the dark cannot write well, neve r. Hence the best chapter correspondents are those who keep a note­ book in which they jot down from day to day any items or happenings that may be used in the letter. A mateur writers make the blunder of treating different items ac­ cording to their knowledge of them rather than on the basis of rela­ tive importance. Here is a relatively unimportant item concerning which the writer is very well informed, so he giv es it so words. Here is an important news item concerning which the writer knows but little, so ·he gives it I2 words. The finished letter is like a portrait paint­ ing that overemphasizes the subject's clothes and the draperies in the background, but slights the subject's features. The items should all be carefully weighed and given the space that their relative im­ portance demands. If you cannot secure enough facts to emphasize an item properly, then reiterate. Take the preceding paragraph, for exampl e. If it were unimportant, we could dismiss it with the phrase, "Good writing is principally a matt ~ r of clear thinking," nine words, which is really the gist of the idea. And yet we develop it to ISO words because of its importance. The third and fourth sentences are vir­ tually repetitions of the second. The writer may be excused for his pres umption in setting himself up as an authority on these matters, since he has for some years earned hi s bread and butter by the products of his pen. I have found that the best mechanical aid to good writing is a typewriter. It ty_Pes your letters just as they will appear in print and enables you to see at a glance if your sentences are smoothly connected. lt is possible to buy " rebuilt" typewriters of any make for about $35. I cannot imagine a better investment for any chapter. Every man ought to know how to handle a typewriter, and if IS men can learn how on a $3S machine, it's pretty cheap expense for the added accom­ pli shment. Typewritten letters look more busin ess like, are easier to read and, when you . get the swing of it, are easier to write. A typewritten letter home will be evidence to father that you are learn­ in g something, and he will likely prove more ·tractable in meeting your Y. M. C. A. expenses, etc. Let every chapter put in a typewriter at once or first thing next Fa ll.-The Phi Ga111111a Delta.

FOR OTHERS (Extracts f rom convention report of Social service committee of Chi Omega.) The alumme chapters presented the following record of uplift work: Chri tmas celebrations for poor children, Des Moines and CoLLEGE CuRRENT EvENTS AND ExcHANGES 183

Lexington; aid to destitute family, Los Angeles; gifts to organized charities, Denver; equipment of maternity ward at Womans' hos­ pital and penny lunches for poor school children, New Orleans; main­ taining hospital room, Fayetteville; sewing for Orphan's home, Kan­ sas City; securing bath facilities for mill workers and furnishing school books to poor school children, Atlanta; classes for mill children, Knoxville, for which work some special training will be taken next year; Childrens' hospital, Washington; gift of library to settlement school, Lexington; aid to University Registrar in securing work for girls who are meeting their own college expenses, Eugene; Portland, San Antonio, Seattle and Dallas, charity work. Lynchburg, New York, Oxford and Boston have not, as chapters, taken up definite lines of social and civic work, owing to the large number of members who individually enter into charitable work. Chicago alumna~ con­ tinue the luncheons at Fields. The active chapters report: assistance in Y. 'vV. C. A. in publice schools, Iota; readings to factory girls at noon hour, Upsilon Alpha; story hour for children, Chi; active interest in the club for working girls and college girls organized by the college students, Lambda; working girls clubs, Psi; Bible classes at the Indian school and sending dolls to Mrs. Ballington Booth for children of prisoners, Delta; Y. W. C. A. girls' clubs, Eta; Christmas celebrations by all chapters as mentioned above. We wish we might set out in detail the good works which alumnae and active chapters are engaged in and give the valuable suggestions made by so many of the delegates. But this summing up, though brief, speaks clearly of modern service, and modern service is a magnificent interpretation of "Christian ideals." In the president's formal report two recommendations were made for the consideration of the Convention: first, that the upperclass girls of each chapter be identified with some local civic or social service work; second, that each chapter offer, in its college, a prize for an essay on some phase of social service work or of Grecian influence. The first was adopted as a part of the report of the committee on social and civic service. Three reasons lead to its adoption: first, that the college should cease to be isolated from the community of which it is a part; second that by becoming a part of the community life while in college, we are better fitted for the world life outside of college; third, the advantages to be gail1ed through meeting with experienced women. The second suggestion was adopted in the form of the following motion: That Chi Omegas, in each college where the fraternity is r~presented offer annually for the next two years a prize of $15 to the women of the college for the best essay, articles or thesis on some subject relating to social service work.-Eleusis of X n. 184 SIGMA K APPA TRIANGLE

MAN'S WORK ''"J?on't kiss each other on the public highway, it's awful tp see a woman doing a man's work,'' is one of the '' Dont 's'' of. the Wellesley College girls.

Kappa Delta an.nounces the establishment of Kappa chapter at the Woman's College of Alabama, January eleventh, 1913 ..

Kappa Delta announces the establishment of Omega Xi chapter at the University of Cincinnati, January twenty-fifth, 1913.

Delta Delta Delta announces the establishment of Theta Eta yhapter at the University of Wyoming, February fifteenth and of f'heta Theta chapter at the University of Nevada, February twel}ty-second, nineteen hundred and thirteen.

·The Kappa Kappa Gamma Fraternity announces the in­ stallation of Beta Omega chapter in the University of Oregon, January eleventh, 1913.

Pi Beta Phi announces the establishment of the Florida Alpha chapter at John B. Stetson University, Thursday, Jan­ uary thirtieth, nineteen hundred and thirteen, De Land, Florida.

Alpha Gamma Delta announces the establishment of Lambda chapter at Northw.estern University, Evanston, Ill., Februa;ry twenty-second, nineteen hundred' and thirteen. STATEMENT of Sigma Kappa Triangle published 4 times a year at Menasha, Wis., required by the Act of August 24, 1912. NAME OF- POST-OFFICE AliiDRESS. Editor:, Miss Helen F. Gilmore West Newton, Mass. Managing Editor, same. Business Managers, same. Publisher, Geo. Banta Menasha, Wis. Owners: The Sigma Kappa Sorority. No stockholders. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mort­ gages, or other securities: None. GEORGE BANTA, Publisher. Sworn to and subscribed before me this Second day of October, 1912. [SEAL] GERTRUDE w. SAWYER. Notary Public. (My commission expires March 27, 1916.) 75he Sorority Handbook By IDA SHAW MARTIN 1911-FOU RT H ED ITIO N-1911

~HE SORORITY HANDBOOK needs no introduc­ \.:1 tion to its thousands of friends whose cordial wel­ come and enthusiastic support have made possible three editions and a supplement within two years and a half. As before there are two bindings, both attract­ ive and serviceable, the COLLEGE EDITION in paper at $1.00 and the DE LUXE EDITION in cloth at $1.50. Books are sent prepaid, but money must accompany all orders. Money may be sent by bank draft, by express or postoffice order. Personal checks must have Ten Cents added for collection charges. Club Orders Must Go to One Address DE LUXE EDITION 10 Copies $12.00 , 5 Copies 6.50 COLLEGE EDITION 10 Copies $5.50 5 Copies 3.50

ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO ?9he SORORITY HANDBOOK 5 Cobden Street ROXBURY, MASS. SIGMA KAPPA BADGES AND NOV'ELTIES

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COLUMBUS OHIO Baird:r· AMERICAN Manual COLLEGE · ---of--- FRATERNITIES New and Seventh (1912) Edition now ready This Book is replete with information of interest to all members of College Fraternities. It contains Histories of each of the Men's General Fraternities, the Women's General Fraternities, the Men's Local Fraternities,· Wo~en ' s Lo'cal Frateniities, 'Professional Frat­ ernities, Honorary Fraternities and Miscellaneous Greek Letter Fraternities; a Directory of Colleges and Chapters, Statistical Tables of great interest, a complete Bibliography of Fraternity publications and information concerning Chapter House owner­ ship a nd valuations. In short, the Seventh Edition is a com­ plete Cyclopedia of Fraternity Information. Contains nearly 800 ·pages printed matter. It is strongly bound in buckram and the prlce is $2.50-per copy, postage prepaid .. Send in your orders through this publication

NEW YORK ALUMNAE OF SIGMA KAPPA 0 F F I. C E R S F 0 R 1-911

Pr es£d ent, MARTHA C. MESERVE, '96 Stcretary, E DNA F. DASCOMB TRUESDELL, '98 195 Hillside Ave. , G le n Ridge, N. ] . 515 W 143d St .. New York City Vice-President , EMMA A. FouNTAIN, '95 Treasu,r er, R HENA C LARK MARSH, 'ot 91 P rospect Ave., Flushing, L. L _ Scarsd ale, N. Y. , and MARY.. B t cKMORE TEFFT, '93 • 186 So. C olumbus Ave. , Mt. Vernon, N . Y.

Exe~ u. !ive Conunittee LOTS MESERVE F LVE, '99 MARY B. T EFFT '93 195 Hillside Ave. , G len R idge, N. ]. 186 So. Colu mbus Ave., Mt. Vernon, N . Y. Regular meetings are held the secon d Saturday of October, November, February and M ay. W ith break· fast second Saturday in Ja n ~ ary a t Sh erman Squa re H otel, 70th St. & Broadway, N ew York City.