DOCSLIB.ORG

What Palaeography Has to Offer Prosopography

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
What Palaeography Has to Offer Prosopography Chapter 3 Telling Them by Their Hands: What Palaeography Has to Offer Prosopography Rodney Ast Greek papyri furnish prosopographical information in dif- In addition to these methods of prosopographical research ferent ways.* Census documents and onomastic indicators there exists a further tool, namely the study of hands. At such as patronymics, matronymics, etc. can tell us about the moment this is more difficult to automate than sna, genealogies. We learn of familial and non-familial relation- partly because prosopographical guides typically do not ships through related texts in archives. Analysis of social track things such as an individual’s ability to write. Literacy networks, be it computer-aided or not, can supplement is not a category found in Trismegistos or any of the print what we know about individuals and their acquaintances, prosopographies related to Roman Egypt.2 There are his- giving us an idea of a common milieu even when people torical reasons for this: papyrologists traditionally privi- are not seen to be in immediate contact. For example, leged the content of the text itself over external features knowing that persons A, B, and C were contemporary mu- such as hands. As a result, sections of documents that nicipal officials, we are not surprised to learn that A knew often provide important palaeographical information, C, when our previous evidence showed connections only such as signatures, were accorded less attention.3 One between A and B and B and C. Charting complex connec- need only observe early P. Oxy. volumes, where the names tions of this type has been made easier for papyrologists of signers and witnesses were regularly omitted from by computer-aided Social Network Analysis (sna). Among translations. P. Oxy. III 490, a will and testament dated other things, sna has allowed us to visualize relationships December 1, ad 124, is a case in point. The body of the more clearly, thereby creating more nuanced understand- Greek document ends with the statement ‘this will is valid,’ ing of interpersonal connections, although its biggest con- ἡ διαθήκη κυρία, followed by the signatures of the parties to tribution thus far has probably been to onomastics.1 the will and the six witnesses. In the translation, Grenfell and Hunt summarize the signature section thus: ‘There * This article results in part from research that I have conduct- follow the signatures (1) of the testatrix and her guard- ed in the context of my subproject, TP A02 ‘Antike Briefe als ian, written for them by a third party, (2) of the usual six Kommunikationsmedium,’ within the University of Heidelberg’s Sonderforschungsbereich 933, which is funded by the Deutsche witnesses with details of their ages, distinguishing marks, Forschungsgemeinschaft. I am indebted to Graham Claytor for mak- and seals’. This information did not bear directly on the ing photos kept in Michigan’s archive available to me and to Julia will itself, but rather on formal procedures, and the editors Lougovaya for her comments on an earlier draft. 1 See the important, early application of Social Network Analysis in G. Ruffini, Social Networks in Byzantine Egypt (Cambridge 2 Of print onomastica and prosopographies, the most relevant etc., 2008); Y. Broux has been very active in sna research, as evi- for the period covered by this paper are A.H.M. Jones (ed.), The denced by her list of publications at https://kuleuven.academia.edu/ Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (= plra). Vol. I, ad 260– YanneBroux – see, for example, Y. Broux, ‘Graeco-Egyptian Naming 395 (Cambridge, 1971); J.R. Martindale (ed.), PLRA ii, ad 395–527 Practices’, grbs 55 (2015), pp. 706–720. A more traditional form of (Cambridge, 1980); J.M. Diethart, Prosopographia arsinoitica, I prosopography-oriented network description can be observed in (mper ns 12, Wien, 1980); F. Preisigke, Namenbuch enthaltend the chapter on the ‘Circle of Serenos’ in O. Trim. II (pp. 95–97) and alle griechischen, lateinischen, ägyptischen, hebräischen, arabischen ‘Circle of Philokles’ in H. Cuvigny, ‘La société civile des praesidia’, und sonstigen semitischen und nichtsemitischen Menschennamen, in: H. Cuvigny (ed.), La route de Myos Hormos, 2 (Cairo, 2003), soweit sie in griechischen Urkunden (Papyri, Ostraka, Inschriften, pp. 376–382. M. Depauw and Y. Broux explore the potential for Mumienschildern usw) Ägyptens sich vorfinden (Heidelberg, Named Entity Recognition and SNA to aid the creation of prosopog- 1922), which is still very useful despite its age; D. Foraboschi, raphies in ‘Developing Onomastic Gazetteers and Prosopographies Onomasticon Alterum Papyrologicum: Supplemento al Namenbuch for the Ancient World through Named Entity Recognition and di F. Preisigke (tdsa 16, Milano – Varese, 1971). plra unfortunately Graph Visualization: Some Examples from Trismegistos People’ in: confines itself to the upper echelon of late antique society. L.M. Aiello – D. McFarland (eds), Social Informatics. SocInfo 3 There are notable exceptions to this, such as J.M. Diethart – 2014 Workshops, Barcelona, Spain, November 11, 2014, Revised Selected K.A. Worp, Notarsunterschriften im byzantinischen Ägypten (mper Papers (Heidelberg, 2015), pp. 304–313. ns 16, Wien, 1986). © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, ���8 | doi:��.��63/9789004375�77_004 28 Ast therefore suppressed it in the translation. Moreover, be- has not been employed as extensively as one might expect, cause it was financially unfeasible and thus uncustomary perhaps because of the tedious and subjective nature of for editors to publish photographs, readers could not easily the work, which can discourage people from this type of study the hands for themselves. They were at the mercy of approach. An additional hurdle is the fact that there is an the editors. This is not to say that papyrologists were not implicit bias in our discipline that works against prosopo- interested in palaeography or did not draw connections graphical identifications based on script. Even when all between ancient persons on the basis of their handwrit- else related to an individual in separate documents is equal ing. They did. It is very common to find statements buried (that is, the texts are similarly dated, come from the same in the commentaries and introductions of papyrus edi- place, involve homonymous literate individuals), the state- tions concerning the similarity of specific hands or the ment, ‘these two hands are different’ typically holds greater likely identity of homonymous individuals as revealed by authority than the opposite assertion, ‘these two hands are their handwriting. What has been lacking is an attempt to the same’, although, in many cases, they spring from the surface this information and present it in any formal way, same place: the observer’s gut, supported by more-or-less so that (il)literacy might even become an attribute of the experience staring at hands. In other words, critical assess- individuals that we study. ment based on the observation of differences is generally Now that photographs of manuscripts are more readily more persuasive than that deriving from observed simi- available than they once were, palaeographical work is eas- larities. One reason for this is that individual letterforms ier to do. By looking closely at individual hands and gen- produced by a single hand can show a deceptive range of eral writing practice, we learn more about people in the variation, and it is sometimes difficult to know when varia- documents than the texts reveal. Recognizing a hand in tions are indicative of different writers and when they exist one papyrus can help us identify a homonymous individ- along the spectrum of a single individual’s writing style.5 ual in another. We might find, for example, that the liter- Given the biases and overall subjective nature of our work, ate Horion who penned a contract in year X was the same we should, I contend, pursue a broader strategy when Horion who authored other documents in previous or sub- using handwriting as a basis for prosopographical stud- sequent years. If this Horion bore professional titles in any ies. What I mean is that we should still look at traditional of these documents, then we can start to piece together a elements, such as individual letterforms (these are doubt- sort of curriculum vitae for him. By looking at his hand- lessly important), but also pay attention to other features, writing, we also get a sense of his ability to write. After all, such as ligatures, diacritical signs, section markers (e.g., not all writers were very experienced. This, in turn, might say something about writing proficiency in particular plac- es at particular times. As a methodological approach, the study of hands in C. Arlt – M.A. Stadler (eds), Das Fayyûm in Hellenismus und papyrological texts is not entirely new. It has been used to Kaiserzeit (Wiesbaden, 2013), pp. 19–28; and in W. Clarysse’s re- examination of the Zenon archive, ‘The Zenon Papyri Thirty Years elucidate aspects of archival material, for example.4 Yet, it on’, in: G. Bastianini – A. Casanova (eds), 100 anni di istituzioni fiorentine per la papirologia. Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Firenze 12–13 giugno 2008 (Studi e testi di papirologia, nuova serie 11, 4 Examples can be found in R. Cribiore’s treatment of writers in Firenze, 2009), pp. 37–43; cf. too R. Daniel’s interesting discussion the Apollonios archive, ‘The Women in the Apollonios Archive and of the possible effects of aging on the handwriting of a single indi- Their Use of Literacy’, in: H. Melaerts – L. Mooren (eds), Le rôle vidual, as observed in a group of four papyri that span just over forty et le statut de la femme en Egypte hellénistique, romaine et byzantine: years, ‘Palaeography and Gerontology. The Subscriptions of Hermas actes du colloque international, Bruxelles-Leuven, 27–29 novembre Son of Ptolemaios’, zpe 167 (2008), pp. 151–152.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Understanding Handwriting, Abbreviations, Dates and More Dan Poffenberger, AG® British Research Specialist ~ Family History Library [email protected]
    Understanding Handwriting, Abbreviations, Dates and More Dan Poffenberger, AG® British Research Specialist ~ Family History Library [email protected] Introduction Searching English records can be daunting enough when you are simply worrying about the time period, content and availability of records. A dive into a variety of records may leave you perplexed when you consider the handwriting styles, Latin, numbering systems, calendar changes, and variety of jurisdictions, record formats and abbreviations that may be found in the records. Objectives The objective of this course is to help you better understand: • Handwriting and Abbreviations • Latin • Numbers and Money • Calendars, Dates, Days, Years • Church of England Church Records Organization and Jurisdictions • Relationships Handwriting and Abbreviations Understanding the handwriting is the most important aspect to understanding older English records. If you can’t read it, you’re going to have a very hard time understanding it. While the term ‘modern English’ applies to any writing style after medieval times (late 1400’s), it won’t seem like it when you try reading some of it. More than 90% of your research will involve one of two primary English writing scripts or ‘hands’. These are ‘Secretary hand’ which was primarily in use from about 1525 to the mid-1600’s. Another handwriting style in use during that time was ‘Humanistic hand’ which more resembles our more modern English script. As secretary and humanistic hand came together in the mid-1600’s, English ‘round hand’ or ‘mixed hand’ became the common style and is very similar to handwriting styles in the 1900’s. But of course, who writes anymore? Round or Mixed Hand Starting with the more recent handwriting styles, a few of the notable differences in our modern hand are noted here: ‘d’ – “Eden” ‘f’ - “of” ‘p’ - “Baptized’ ss’ – “Edward Hussey” ‘u’ and ‘v’ – become like the ‘u’ and ‘v’ we know today.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Libraries, Archives and Museums: Trends in Collaboration and Cooperation
    International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions IFLA Professional Reports, No. 108 108 Public Libraries, Archives and Museums: Trends in Collaboration and Cooperation Alexandra Yarrow, Barbara Clubb and Jennifer-Lynn Draper for the Public Libraries Section Standing Committee Copyright 2008 International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions Public Libraries, Archives and Museums: Trends in Collaboration and Cooperation / Alexandra Yarrow, Barbara Clubb and Jennifer-Lynn Draper. The Hague, IFLA Headquarters, 2008. – 50p. 30 cm. – (IFLA Professional Reports: 108) ISBN 978-90-77897-28-7 ISSN 0168-1931 Table of Contents Executive Summary 4 Introduction: Why Collaborate and Cooperate? 5 Project Proposal 6 Research Methods 7 Literature Review 8 Collaborative Programming Community and Heritage Programs 10 Museum/Art Pass Programs 13 Collaborative Electronic Resources Global Initiatives 16 Continental Initiatives 16 National Initiatives 17 Regional and Local Initiatives 20 Joint-use/Integrated Facilities Minimal Integration 25 Selective Integration 27 Full Integration 28 Guide to Collaboration Best Practices 31 A Successful Collaboration, from Start to Finish 32 Creating Collaborative Electronic Resources: Special Considerations 34 Benefits and Risks of Collaboration 35 Risk Management Strategies 36 Conclusion 37 Contributors 38 Acknowledgements 39 Works Consulted 41 1 Executive Summary This report examines the recent trends in collaboration and cooperation between public libraries, archives and museums. In many cases, the shared or similar missions of the institutions reviewed make them ideal partners in collaborative ventures. Different types of collaborative projects are examined, including exhibits, community programs, digital resources and joint-use facilities. Examples come from Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom (UK), as well as from Russia, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Spain, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
    [Show full text]
  • Archival Selection Criteria
    Edinburgh University Library EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES Archival Selection Criteria General Background This document provides some basic guidance on how to identify records holding potential archival value. As mentioned in section 4d of “Developing a retention schedule” you must decide whether any of your records have long-term research value for historical or other purposes. If so, and if the University Archivist agrees, the records can be designated part of the University’s official archives. Much of the guidance contained in “Developing a Retention Schedule” is also relevant to the archival selection process. Discovering what records you have, identifying duplicated or related records, determining legal requirements and deciding how long to keep the records may already have isolated the core of potential archives from your area of work. By applying some basic archival selection criteria you should be able to define the archive still more clearly, either by reducing or adding to your list of what may need to be preserved permanently as the unique archives of the University. Aims Probably less than five per cent of records generated by the University need to be preserved permanently as archives. The archival process therefore aims to preserve only a small selection of records. These will reflect and provide the essential evidence of the University’s most significant functions and activities, and will also serve legitimate research needs either on the part of the University itself or the wider academic and public user community. The surviving archives should show what the University has done and why, how it was organised and operated, and its effect on the wider community.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Archival and Manuscript Research in the Investigation of Translator Decision-Making
    This is a repository copy of The role of archival and manuscript research in the investigation of translator decision-making. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/84758/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Munday, J (2013) The role of archival and manuscript research in the investigation of translator decision-making. Target, 25 (1). 125 - 139. ISSN 0924-1884 https://doi.org/10.1075/target.25.1.10mun Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ The role of archival and manuscript research in the investigation of translator decision-making Jeremy Munday, University of Leeds, UK Abstract This paper discusses the application of research methodologies from history and literary studies to the analysis of the translation process.
    [Show full text]
  • The Discursive Construction of Archival Science: Conceptual Foundations of a Discipline in Construction
    Thiago Henrique Bragato Barros and João Batista Ernesto de Moraes. 2011. The discursive construction of archival science: Conceptual foundations. In Smiraglia, Richard P., ed. Proceedings from North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization, Vol. 3. Toronto, Canada, pp. 196-206. Thiago Henrique Bragato Barros ([email protected]) and João Batista Ernesto de Moraes ([email protected]) Universidade Estadual Paulista, Marília SP Brazil The Discursive Construction of Archival Science: Conceptual Foundations of a Discipline in Construction Abstract: This work outlines a theoretical background established in Archival Science based mainly on discourse analysis as a key discipline to understand which the differences are and points of concep- tual commonality in the area. Uses the French Discourse Analysis as a principle with a theoretical and methodological framework to typify the archive as a discursive practice defined by their historical aspects of its institutional junctures. The study of discourse helps to understand how certain linguistic formations construct the discourse, concerned mainly with the context in which the text was pro- duced. This analysis take place from manuals and treatises of Archival Science produced during the development of discipline and regarded as grounds for discipline. We analyzed the Manual of an Arc- hival Arrangement and Description (vor Handleiding van het ordenen in bescheijven archieven) of Muller, Feith, and Fruin (Ed.1 1898). Another work considered is the Manual of Archive Administra- tion Including the Problems of War Archives and Archive a Making (1 Ed. 1922) and some of late works of Sir Hillary Jenkinson and finally analyzed the work of Theodore R. Schellenberg some as- pects of his vast bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Modern English Palaeography 1500-1700
    Early Modern English Palaeography 1500-1700 Helpful Initial Reading: • Marshall, Hilary, Palaeography for Family and Local Historians (2004, repr. 2010) o Includesa selection of MS facsimiles (including transcriptions and notes on each manuscript), plus a very helpful collection of abbreviations and letter forms. • McKerrow, Ronald B., ‘A Note on Elizabethan Handwriting’ in An Introduction to Bibliography, by McKerrow (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927); reprinted in Gaskell's A New Introduction to Bibliography and including good specimen alphabets Literary Resources for Early Modern English Palaeography: • Index of English Literary Manuscripts. Vol.1: 1450-1625, compiled by Peter Beal, 2 vols (London: Mansel, 1980) • Index of English Literary Manuscripts. Vol.2: 1625-1700, compiled by Peter Beal, 2 vols (London: Mansel, 1987-1993) • Greg, W.W., English Literary Autographs, 1550-1650; part I, dramatists; part II, poets; supplement, scholars and archaeologists (Oxford, 1925-1932) • Petti, Anthony G., English Literary Hands from Chaucer to Dryden (London: E. Arnold, 1977) English Manuscript Culture: • Beal, Peter, In Praise of Scribes (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998) • Hobbs, Mary, Early Seventeenth-Century Verse Miscellany Manuscripts (Aldershot: Scholar Press, 1992) • Love, Harold, Scribal Publication in Seventeenth-Century England (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993) • Marotti, Arthur F., Manuscript, Print, and the English Renaissance Lyric (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995) • Woudhuysen, H.R., Sir Philip Sidney and the Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558-1640 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996) [esp. Part I, 'The Circulation of Manuscripts, 1558- 1640'] Online tools/resources: • EHOC: English Handwriting: An Online Course, https://www.english.cam.ac.uk/ceres/ehoc/index.html o Including practice materials, transcription tools, and extensive bibliographies.
    [Show full text]
  • Blair 2007 Archival Science Intro Milligan.Pdf (131.1
    Introduction The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Blair, Ann, and Jennifer Milligan. 2007. “Introduction.” Archival Science 7 (4) (December): 289–296. doi:10.1007/s10502-008-9069-7. Published Version 10.1007/s10502-008-9069-7 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:29674917 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA manuscript for Ann Blair and Jennifer Milligan, "Introduction," Archival Science 7:4 (2007), pp. 289-96. Introduction Archives -- collections of paper, books, and other substrates of information (some might say “memory”) and the institutions that house and manage these objects -- are subjects of a renewed and vital current critical historical interest. Archives, broadly conceived, have been used for the writing of history since historical writing began, and archival materials and institutions are an integral part of the making not just of history but of the modern historical profession as well. The historian’s relationship with the archive has been long and varied and described in a broad range of terms, as being as unproblematic as “bread and butter” (Giles 1996) or as driven by erotic, fetishistic desire (Smith 1998). It is fitting that historians should turn their scholarly attentions to these depositories that have been the object, if not the subject, of so much historical work.
    [Show full text]
  • Yakima Valley Libraries Archive Librarian II FLSA: Non-Exempt ______
    FINAL Yakima Valley Libraries Archive Librarian II FLSA: Non-Exempt ___________________________________________________________________________ Job Purpose and Summary Performs professional level librarian duties throughout Yakima Valley Libraries including: Coordinate and maintain special collections and preserve collection materials. Will uphold the concept of Intellectual Freedom, based on the First and Fourth amendments to the US Constitution, which affords all library users the right to seek and receive information on the subject of one’s interest without examination or scrutiny by others. Supervision Received and Exercised Reports to Public Library Services Director. May receive general supervision from assigned management staff. Essential Duties and Responsibilities The following duties are not intended to serve as a comprehensive list of all duties performed by all employees in this classification, only a representative summary of the primary duties and responsibilities. Incumbent(s) may not be required to perform all duties listed and may be required to perform additional, position-specific duties. 1. Welcomes and serves patrons of the library using high quality customer service practices. This includes: greets customers sincerely, speaks in a friendly manner, welcomes and serves customers without regard to race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, national origin, perceived or real disability, age, ancestry, or other characteristics; acknowledges customer’s presence as soon as possible, even if occupied; does not communicate any value judgment when interacting with customers, and verifies that customer’s needs are met. 2. Coordinates and conducts a variety of professional library work for area of assignment. 3. Organizes and maintains the Library’s historical collections and converts to district wide resources. 4. Ensures the proper maintenance of specialized collection materials including books, maps, directories, periodicals, government documents, and archival materials.
    [Show full text]
  • As It Almost Was: Historiography of Recent Things1
    As it almost was: historiography of recent things1 ver. 18/12/03, to appear in Literary and Linguistic Computing 19.2 (2004): 161‐81 Willard McCarty Centre for Computing in the Humanities King’s College London Strand London WC2R 2LS www.kcl.ac.uk/humanities/cch/wlm Abstract. Within the last 20 years historians of science and technology have asked how a recent history might be written, and within the last 10 interest has significantly increased, culminating in an online project at MIT. Since humanities computing owes its existence to developments in recent technology and needs to become historically self‐aware to be fully of the humanities, work toward an historiography of recent things is deeply relevant. In this essay I draw on this work to highlight the difficulties and opportunities of such an historiography, in particular its ethnographic character and the tempting lure of prediction. I focus on the crucial question of tacit object‐knowledge, concluding that it is gained by concernful action. I recommend that we awaken from a progress‐and‐democratization chronicle to a genuine history of scholarly technology. Mozart writes a sonata on a cold day in a spiteful mood; Pomare, high chief of Tahiti, at the same moment distractedly ‘eats’ the eye of a human sacrifice. Yet we have a common‐sense confidence that the ‘real’ past, like the ‘real’ present, is much more connected and ordered. We have a confidence that the past is ordered in itself in such a way that we can make a narrative of it. It is text‐able…. This mythic confidence in a text‐able past is the ambience in which histories are made.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Palaeography
    Irene Ceccherini / Henrike Lähnemann Oxford, MT 2015/16 Introduction to Palaeography Bibliographical references Online bibliography: http://www.theleme.enc.sorbonne.fr Codicology - Jacques Lemaire, Introduction à la codicologie, Louvain-la-Neuve 1989. - Colin H. Roberts – T.C. Skeats, The birth of the codex, London 1983. - Maria Luisa Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente: per una codicologia comparata, Roma 2009. - Elisa Ruiz, Introducción a la codicologia, Madrid 2002. - Marilena Maniaci, Archeologia del manoscritto. Metodi, problemi, bibliografia recente, Roma 2002. - Denis Muzerelle, Vocabulaire codicologique. Répertoire méthodique des termes français relatifs aux manuscrits, Paris 1985. o Italian translation: Marilena Maniaci, Terminologia del libro manoscritto, Roma 1996. o Spanish translation: Pilar Ostos, Maria Luisa Pardo, Elena E. Rodríguez, Vocabulario de codicología, Madrid 1997. o Online version (with English provisional translation): http://www.vocabulaire.irht.cnrs.fr - Cf. Bischoff (palaeography). Palaeography - Bernhard Bischoff, Paläographie des römischen Altertums und des abendländischen Mittelalters, Berlin 19862. o French translation: Paléographie de l’antiquité romaine et du Moyen Age occidental, éd. Hartmut Atsma et Jean Vezin, Paris 1985. o English translation: Latin Palaeography. Antiquity and the Middle Ages, eds Dáibní Ó Cróinin and David Ganz, Cambridge 1990. o Italian translation: Paleografia latina. Antichità e Medioevo, a cura di Gilda Mantovani e Stefano Zamponi, Padova 1992. - Albert Derolez, The palaeography of Gothic manuscript books. From the twelfth to the early sixteenth century, Cambridge 2003 o cf. review by Marc H. Smith in “Scriptorium”58/2 (2004), pp. 274-279). Catalogues of dated and datable manuscripts Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Vatican. Abbreviations - Adriano Cappelli, Lexicon abbreviaturarum.
    [Show full text]
  • The Palaeography of Mycenaean Inscribed Sealings from Thebes and Pylos, Their Place Within the Mycenaean Administrative System A
    THE PALAEOGRAPHY OF MYCENAEAN INSCRIBED SEALINGS FROM THEBES AND PYLOS, THEIR PLACE WITHIN THE MYCENAEAN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM AND THEIR LINKS WITH THE EXTRA-PALATIAL SPHERE THOMAS G. PALAIMA Kan Aiyo ljrnxiii; µfoa cn11vagytAAO 0. Elytis, TO AXION EST! Sealings have a long history as information devices within both pre-literate and literate ancient economic administration. 1 Within cultures that make use of writing to organize and oversee economic activities, uninscribed sealings may work independently or quasi­ independently of written record-keeping and they may serve as non-literate controlling mechanisms within established systems of economic relationships and transactions.2 Within the Aegean this would seem to account for the apparently greater use and greater typological diversity of sealings 3 in the Minoan Neopalatial period, when centralized written record­ keeping on clay tablets appears to be at a 'simpler' stage of application or development, than in the Mycenaean full-palatial period, when the complexity, internal structural diversity, and degree of 'systems-dominance' of written administrative records on clay have increased. 4 * Source of Illustrations . Fig. I: MOPS , Pylos Pl. 12 and PASP Archives (Courtesy of University of Cincinnati and Emmett L. Bennett, Jr.); Fig. 2: MOPS, Pylos Pl. 11 and PASP Archives; Fi g. 3: MOPS, Pylos Pl. 36 and PASP Archives; Fig. 4: MOPS , Pylos Pl. 36; Fig. 5: MOPS , Pylos Pl. 9; Fig. 6 a. b: C. Pitero s - J.L. Melena - J.-P. Olivier , BCH 114, 1990, 116. 129, and PASP Archives (Courtesy of University of Cincinnati and Emmett L. Bennett , Jr.); Fi g. 7: PASP Archives (Courtesy of University of Cincinnati and Emmett L.
    [Show full text]
  • Palaeography
    Palaeography Tutorial Document 7: Manorial survey for the Manor of Beere and Pennally in Pembrokeshire (Catalogue reference: LR 2/206 folio 75 and folio 101) Contents About this document 1 Introduction to transcribing document 7 2 Glossary 4 How to use the interactive transcribing exercise 8 Alphabet 9 Image 11 Transcript 14 Palaeography tutorial About this document This document, dated August 1618, forms part of the manorial survey for Manor of Beere and Penally in Pembrokeshire. (Catalogue reference: LR 2/206 folio 75 and folio 101) This document comes from the records of the Office of the Auditors of Land Revenue. It consists of two pages from the 1618 survey of the manor of Manorbier and Penally in Pembrokeshire. Folio 75 is the first page of the survey and gives a list of the jurors and the boundaries of the manor. Folio 101 is an extract from the rental. Manorial surveys were drawn up for the landowner and provided a description of all aspects of the manor. Surveys varied in length and detail but could include information on the boundaries of the manor, details of the extent of each property, the customs of the manor and the rental. Rentals are often the longest part of the survey. They may include a list of the tenants' names, details of land they hold, the form of tenure by which it was held, the use to which it was put, the amounts of rent due each year and the services the tenants owed the lord of the manor. Surveys were often made upon change of ownership of the manor, or in order to try to discover ways in which the yield of the manor could be increased.
    [Show full text]