SPECIAL COMMITTEE REPORT

The Annual Awards of the Aerospace Medical Association

STANLEY R. MOHLER AND PAMELA C. DAY History and Archives Committee

MOHLER SR, DAY PC. The Annual Awards of the Aerospace provides a link to those so recognized with all of the Medical Association. Aviat Space Environ Med 2006; 77:977-80. field's extended family workers and also to the public at The following summary of information on each of the Association's 15 awards has been assembled at the request of Richard T. Jennings, large. The objective of this preparation is to provide some M.D., M.S., who assumed the Association Presidency during the period history on the respective awards and to encourage mem- May 2006-May 2007. Dr. Jennings tasked the Chair of the History and bers to consider providing submissions of individuals Archives Committee with preparing a readable summary of some high- deemed worthy of recognition through the Association lights in the lives of the award namesakes. program. he following summary of information on each of the T Association's 15 awards has been assembled at the AWARDS LIST: AEROSPACE MEDICAL request of Richard T. Jennings, M.D., M.S., who assumed ASSOCIATION, 1947-2006 the Association Presidency during the period May 2006- May 2007. Dr. Jennings tasked the Chair of the History 1. Theodore C. Lyster Award (1947) and Archives Committee with preparing a readable sum- mary of some highlights in the lives of the award name- Theodore C. Lyster was born July 10, 1875, at Ft. sakes. Larned, KS (1; pp.171-4). He graduated in 1899 with an Progress in our field of aerospace medicine and associ- M.D. from the University of Michigan School of ated sciences has been and is being achieved through the Medicine. He obtained postgraduate clinical training at creativity, hard work, personal sacrifice, and career com- the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, NY, 1901-04. He mitment of thousands of individuals. Some have lost served in the army in the Philippines, Panama, and on their lives in the courageous furtherance of this flight the Mexican-U.S. border. He was then assigned to the of- safety work. fice of the Surgeon General in 1916. He formulated physi- Our Association began to recognize some stellar con- cal standards for prospective military aviators. He orga- tributors to the field of aerospace medicine with the es- nized the army aeromedical research laboratory tablishment in 1947 of the Theodore C. Lyster Award and established January 19, 1918, as the Central Medical the Raymond F. Longacre Award. The establishment of Research Laboratory, Hazelhurst Field, Mineola, Long appropriate awards in recognition of achievement in avi- Island, NY (William H. Wilmer was put in charge). On ation medicine was first suggested by Dr. Louis Bauer at May 11, 1918, Lyster became Chief of a new Division, the an Executive Council meeting in St. Louis on September Air Medical Service, in the new War Department Bureau 6, 1944, following an editorial on the subject by Bauer of Military Aeronautics. The new division was created as which was published in the August 1944 Journal of separate from the Signal Corps, its previous home. Lyster Aviation Medicine (1; p. 169). An Awards Committee was established military aviation. On August 5, 1933, Brig. established to select an awardee for each. In subsequent Gen. Lyster died in Los Angeles. years additional awards were established, the 15th and most recent being the Marie Marvingt Award established 2. Raymond F. Longacre Award (1947) in 2005. Nominees are solicited each year by the Association Raymond F. Longacre was born August 18, 1867, and Awards Committee, with the annual deadline set as attended Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA (1; pp. 175-7). December 15. The criteria for each award are published He received the M.D. degree from the Medical- periodically in Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Chirugical College of Philadelphia in 1891. He volun- and continually on the Association web site. The teered for the military service, Kelly Field, TX, in 1917, Committee selects individuals from those nominated and and was assigned in 1919 as commanding officer of the forwards the names to the Executive Committee for rati- hospital. In 1921 he attended the school for flight sur- fication. Recipients are honored at a formal banquet cer- geons, Mitchel Field, and specialized in neuropsychiatry, emony held on the last evening of the annual Association becoming the head of the department. He became inter- meeting. From the Aerospace Medical Association, Alexandria, VA. The awards program offers peer recognition of contri- Reprint & Copyright © by Aerospace Medical Association, butions by various individuals working in our field. It Alexandria, VA.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 977 AsMA AWARDS---MOHLER & DAY ested in the personality aspects of applicants for flight In 1929 Dr. Bauer spearheaded the development of training and the characteristics of healthy successful avia- the Aero Medical Association, and in 1930 founded the tors. He developed an approach to interviewing aviator Journal of Aviation Medicine. These evolved into our candidates as an aid to assure that there were no "dis- current Association and Journal. In 1930 he left qualifying neuropsychiatric defects" present. In 1923 he Government and undertook two years of cardiology became the flight surgeon, Nichols Field, Philippine training at Bellevue Hospital, NY (taking the editorial Islands. In 1926 he was assigned as Base Surgeon, Bolling office of the journal with him), subsequently entering Air Base. In 1928 he was assigned as Assistant Chief, private practice next to Mitchel Field. Bauer was certi- Medical Section, Office of the Chief, of the Air Corps. In fied in cardiology in 1939 by the American Board of 1931 he retired and became assistant Chief of the Medical Internal Medicine. Section, Aeronautic Branch, Department of Commerce. One could cite many more of Dr. Bauer's accomplish- On December 31, 1931, he became Chief. He resigned in ments, including his Presidency of the American 1933 and died February 19, 1943. Medical Association, 1952. He last attended a meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association, Atlantic City, 3. Arnold D. Tuttle Award (1952) 1962, at which time he was wheelchair bound. He passed away in 1964. Arnold Tuttle, M.D., was born February 26, 1881, Sturgis, SD (1; pp. 236-45). He received his M.D. degree 6. Harry G. Moseley Award (1961) from the University of Maryland in 1906. He joined the Army Medical Corps as a First Lieutenant in 1908. As a Colonel Harry Gladding Moseley, USAF, MC, died in Colonel he was assigned to the staff of General John J. an aircraft accident near his home, Norton Air Force Pershing, France, 1917-18. In 1933 he attended the Air Base, February 10, 1959 (8). He was 51 years old. He Corps School of Aviation Medicine, Randolph Field, and was returning from the 10th anniversary celebration of graduated as a flight surgeon. He became the comman- the creation of the Department of Space Medicine, dant of the school in 1934. Upon reentering civilian life, Randolph Air Force Base, TX. He was a medical ob- Dr. Tuttle became the first medical director of United server in a Lockheed T-33 aircraft that went down in Airlines. the mountainous area near San Bernardino. His assign- ment at Norton since November 1953 was as Chief of 4. Eric Liljencrantz Award (1957) the Aero Medical Safety Division, Directorate of Flight Safety Research, Office of the Air Force Inspector As World War II broke, Eric Liljencrantz, M.D., a General. His recent work involved the development of Californian, was Chief Flight Surgeon for the Pacific a program concerning aeromedical aspects of aircraft Division, Pan American Airways, San Francisco (1; pp. accident prevention. From 1947 to 1951 he served as 150-1). He had organized the Medical Department of the Deputy Air Surgeon, U.S. Air Forces, Europe. Within Pacific Division of Pan Am. Dr. Liljencrantz joined the this time he directed the aeromedical support of the U.S. Navy on November 1, 1940, and was assigned to Berlin Airlift, "Operation Vittles," (June 1948-September the U.S. Naval School of Aviation Medicine, Pensacola, 1949). He was a native of Roanoke, VA, and Denver, FL. His assignments included studies of aeromedical as- CO. He received his M.D. degree from Washington pects of flight safety. Commander Eric Liljencrantz, MC, University School of Medicine in 1938, interned at USN, lost his life at age 39, November 5, 1942, during an Presbyterian Hospital, Denver, and served as a resident aircraft accident while testing a new flight accelerometer. at Community Hospital, New Haven, CT. In February 1940 he enlisted in the service and attended the School 5. Louis H. Bauer Founders Award (1961) of Aviation Medicine, Randolph Field.

Louis H. Bauer, for whom our Association has named its annual Founder's award, was born July 18, 7. Boothby-Edwards Award (1961) 1888, in Boston, MA (7). He received his B.A. in 1909, and his M.D. degree in 1912, both from Harvard. He Walter M. Boothby, M.D., Mayo Clinic, conducted was commissioned in the Army Medical Corps in 1913. studies on high altitude flight prior to World War II, In 1919 he was designated the first Commandant of collaborating with Randolph Lovelace, II, M.D., and A. the new School of Aviation Medicine, Hazelhurst Field, H. Bulbulian, Ph.D. (1; pp.152-3). Oxygen masks for NY, whose research activities were subsequently moved flight in unpressurized aircraft by aircrew and airline to Mitchel Field, NY. At this location, Bauer conducted passengers were developed by Boothby and his co- some pioneering high altitude research and authored workers (the BLB masks). Harry G. Armstrong, M.D., the textbook, “Aviation Medicine” (Williams and also collaborated. Special recognition to Boothby, Wilkins, 1926). Lovelace, and Armstrong was given during the Collier During 1926 Bauer resigned his commission and was Trophy award presentation at the White House, appointed chief medical officer in the new Aeronautics December 17, 1940. Howard K. Edwards, M.D., served Branch, Department of Commerce. On December 31, as Assistant Medical Director, Eastern Airlines, 1940, 1926, the first Air Commerce Regulations were published. and became Medical Director, 1941 (1; p. 114). Separate These included the new civilian medical standards devel- Boothby and Edwards Awards were presented annually oped by Dr. Bauer. In 1927 he appointed the first civilian from 1961-73; then alternately until 1985, when the Aviation Medical Examiners, 144 in number. awards were combined.

978 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 AsMA AWARDS---MOHLER & DAY 8. Julian E. Ward Award (1963) he joined the Air Force in 1944. In 1949 he graduated from Texas A&M with a B.S. degree. He then attended Major Julian Ward, USAF, MC, died August 13, 1962, in Ohio State University and received an M.S. degree in an airplane crash near Hahn AB, Germany (10). He was 1955 and a Ph.D. degree in 1960, having majored in car- 35 years old and was serving as the Commander of the diovascular physiology. He was assigned after receiving 49th TAC Hospital in Germany. Major Ward was origi- his master's degree as an aviation physiologist in the nally from Wichita Falls, TX, and attended the University Acceleration Section of the Aerospace Medical Research of Texas, graduating in 1946 cum laude with a B.A. de- Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. He became the gree in chemistry. He received his M.D. degree from Head of the Section, within which was the only USAF Baylor in 1952. He interned at the San Francisco City- human centrifuge. Following receipt of his Ph.D. degree, County Hospital. He joined the Air Force as a First he was assigned to the USAF School of Aerospace Lieutenant and was assigned to the Gunter Branch of the Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX. As a Captain in the Medical School of Aviation Medicine, Gunter AFB, AL, as the Service Corps, he was Chief of the Cardiovascular Unit Chief of the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Service. He was within the Physiology Branch. He then became Chief of designated a Chief Flight Surgeon and enrolled in the pri- the Biodynamics Branch in the Environmental mary and advanced courses in aviation medicine. He Physiology Division. He retired from the uniformed ser- then completed a year's residency in aviation medicine at vice after 20 years in 1963 and was then appointed civil- the Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine and was as- ian Chief of the Division. He retired from the position in signed as Assistant Chief of the Biomedical Division and 1980. The building (#170) that contained the Brooks cen- Project officer of the AF Discoverer Program. He pub- trifuge was named the Leverett Research Laboratory in lished numerous articles, including "The True Nature of recognition of his professional work in the facility. From the Boiling of Body Fluids in Space," Journal of Aviation January 1, 1981, to December 31, 1986, Dr. Leverett was Medicine, October 1956 issue. He introduced the term Editor of Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine. Dr. "space ebullism" for the vaporization of body fluids in Leverett instituted new departments in the Journal, and space at body temperatures. He performed as a test sub- aggressively sought research and clinical papers. In this ject in studies of weightlessness. He initiated numerous work, he traveled widely, including European and other studies while in the Division. Russian venues. He died March 3, 1987, following a courageous several year fight with cancer. The Leverett 9. John A. Tamisiea Award (1963) Award was originally called the Environmental Science Award, but was renamed for Dr. Leverett in 1987. John A. Tamisiea graduated from the Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, in 1916 (1; 12. John Paul Stapp Award (1993) pp. 68-70). He entered military service that same year. In 1918 he was wounded in France and received the Purple This award recognizes the creative, interdisciplinary, Heart. He returned to practice in Howells, NE, moving pioneering and self-sacrificing research and development subsequently to Omaha. Dr. Tamisiea was employed as a accomplishments of its namesake, Colonel John Paul physician for the Boeing Air Transport Company that Stapp, USAF, MC (Ret) (10). His acceleration and impact flew mail and passengers through Omaha from Cheyene studies of human tolerance limits, especially those con- to Chicago. He was appointed an aviation medical exam- ducted on himself, have provided data for crash protec- iner by Dr. Bauer in 1927. He remained a reserve flight tion that, since incorporation in flight and ground vehi- surgeon and served as an Army Air Forces hospital com- cles, have saved countless lives. On December 10, 1954, mander in World War II. He retired April 9, 1953, as spe- during one of his rocket-powered sled rides with a for- cial assistant and consultant to Brigadier General Loyd E. ward facing seat and developmental restraint system, Griffis, surgeon of the Strategic Air Command, Stapp attained a top speed of 632 mph in 5 seconds. The Headquarters, Offutt AFB, NE. sled was stopped in 1.4 seconds producing 40 Gs of de- celerative forces. By defining more closely an outer limit 10. Mary T. Klinker Award (1968) of the human tolerance envelope to crash forces, Dr. Stapp provided vital data points for the use of designers Captain Mary T. Klinker, USAF, NC, a flight nurse of aircraft cabins, aircrew cockpits, ejection seats, and based at Clark Air Base, Philippines, lost her life in the ground transportation vehicles. Colonel Stapp passed crash of a large military transport aircraft during the 1975 away at his home in Alamogordo, NM, at age 89, "Operation Babylift," Saigon, Vietnam (2,11). Captain November 13, 1999. The award was established by Klinker was born in LaFayette, IN, and was 27 years old Environmental Tectonics Corporation. when she perished. She was posthumously awarded the Note: the famous "Murphy's Law" is attributed by some Airman's Medal for Heroism and the Meritorious Service to Captain Edward A. Murphy, Jr., who was involved in Medal. This award was originally entitled the "Flight the design of a harness with 16 sensors that Colonel Nurse of the Year Award." Stapp is reported to have worn during a sled deceleration study in 1949. The sensors were reportedly, so the story 11. Sidney D. Leverett, Jr., Environmental Science goes, hooked up backwards and when Stapp exited the Award (1978) sled, no data were available. To paraphrase a reported quote from Murphy, "If there are two or more ways to do Sidney D. Leverett, Ph.D., was born November 27, something, and one of those ways results in a catastro- 1925, in Houston, TX (6). Upon completing high school, phe, then someone will do it that way."

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 979 AsMA AWARDS---MOHLER & DAY 13. Kent K. Gillingham Award (1998) tion on the award's namesake (5). Marie Marvingt was born at Aurillac, France, on February 20, 1875. She was Kent K. Gillingham was born July 16, 1938 (3). He a top athlete and was the recipient of numerous first graduated in 1963 with an M.D. degree from the place prizes in multiple sports. She was an avid moun- University of Michigan. He was commissioned in the Air tain climber during the 1903-1910 timeframe and she Force and studied with Sidney Leverett, Ph.D., highly ac- reportedly climbed the majority of the mountains in the claimed researcher in the field of acceleration studies. Dr. French and Swiss Alps. She piloted a balloon on July Gillingham began to study the physiological and psycho- 19, 1907, and on October 26, 1909, flew a balloon from logical aspects of spatial disorientation in flight, and re- the European continent to England. In June 1910 she ceived a Ph.D. degree from the University of Iowa. He re- received Aero Club of France balloon pilot licence num- turned to Brooks Air Force Base and worked on meas- ber 145. In September 1909 Marvingt flew in a fixed ures to enhance military flight training, including im- wing airplane with Roger Sommers and subsequently proved cockpit instrumentation. On September 27, 1993, flew with Hubert Latham in the Antoinette. On at age 55 he experienced a fatal accident while departing November 8, 1910, she was licenced in fixed wing air- Stinson Field, San Antonio, TX, in his personal light twin craft, number 281, the third woman to achieve this ac- aircraft. The award to honor him was establish by AMST complishment. She conceived the possibility of devel- Group of companies in Austria and the United Kingdom. oping an "aeroplane ambulance" and ordered one from the Deperdussin Company. She served in the French 14. Won Chuel Kay Award (2001) Army in World War I and reportedly flew bomber mis- sions over Germany. She also reportedly assisted with Won Chuel Kay was born January 1, 1924, in Sunchon, Red Cross nursing duties during the period. During the Pyongan-Bukdo, Korea (4). He received his M.D. degree 1920s Mlle. Marvingt lectured in different countries on in 1945 from Severence Union Medical College that sub- the concept of aeromedical evacuation. She established sequently became the Yonsei University College of the civil air ambulance service in Morocco and taught Medicine. In 1951 he became a flight surgeon in the rescue pilots how to takeoff from and land on sand Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF). He attended the with air ambulance aircraft using ski landing gear of a 1954 class for flight surgeons sponsored by the USAF type she devised. On January 30, 1955, Marie Marvingt School of Aviation Medicine (USAFSAM), Randolph received recognition from the Federation National Field, TX. In 1957 he received Korean Board certification d'Aeronautique for her work in the field of aviation in surgery, and obtained additional training in surgery medicine. She died on December 24, 1963, at the age of during 1957-58 at the USAF Lackland Hospital, TX. 88. The award was established by the French Aero- During 1960-61 he made further studies in aerospace space Medical Association. medicine at USAFSAM, Brooks AFB, TX. In 1965 Dr. Kay enrolled in the aerospace medicine curriculum directed REFERENCES by Dr. Ross McFarland at the School of Public Health, Harvard University, and graduated with an M.S. degree 1. Benford R. Doctors in the sky. Springfield, IL: C. C. Thomas; 1955. in 1966. Dr. Kay became Surgeon General of the ROKAF 2. Flight Nurse Award (subsequently named for Captain Mary T. and retired as Brigadier General. He was awarded the Klinker, USAF, NC). Medical News. Aerosp Med 1968; 39:332. 3. Gillingham Award: News of Members. Aviat Space Environ Med Military Merit Choong-Mu with Gold Star, numerous 1998; 69:716. other medals and decorations, and the Citation of 4. Kay Award: News of Members. Aviat Space Environ Med 2000; Meritorious Service by the Prime Minister of Korea. The 71:467. United States awarded him the Legion of Merit, the 5. Lam D. Marie Marvingt and the development of aeromedical evacu- ation. Aviat Space Environ Med 2003; 74:863-8. Bronze Star and the Presidential Unit Citation. Upon re- 6. Leverett Award: Medical News. Aviat Space Environ Med 1987; tiring from the military, Dr. Kay founded the Korean 58:520. Airlines Civil Aeromedical Centre and became the first 7. Mohler S. Louis Bauer, M.D. and the first civil U.S. aeromedical stan- Medical Director of the KAL. He was President of the dards: his continuing legacy. Aviat Space Environ Med 2001; 72:62- Airline Medical Directors Association, 1981-82, and was a 9. 8. Moseley Award. Member News. J Aviat Med 1959; 28:219. senior FAA AME, 1968-90. Dr. Kay passed away February 9. Smolenski M, Smith D, Nanney J. A fit fighting force: the Air Force 1, 2000, at age 76. The award was established by the Nursing Services chronology. In: 1903-2003 flight, the 100th Korean Aerospace Medical Association. anniversary commemorative edition. Washington, DC: Office of the Air Force Surgeon General; 2005:28. 15. Marie Marvingt Award (2005) 10. Stapp Award: News of Members. Aviat Space Environ Med 1993; 64: 671. David Lam, M.D., provided the following informa- 11. Ward Award. Member News. Aerosp Med 1962; 33:1261.

980 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION & MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION OBJECTIVES INSTRUCTIONS FOR OBTAINING CATEGORY I CME AND MOC CREDITS The physician will understand how the 1. Read the designated CME/MOC articles in this issue. (You can participate in any or all of signs/symptoms of an illness and the side effects of therapy could adversely the articles.) affect aircrew members or passengers 2. Answer the 4 questions for each article you want to submit. in flight. Participants should be able to 3. The fee for this service is $15.00 per article. apply this in the determination of 4. Tear out and complete the form. Return form by fax to 703-739-9652 OR mail the answer aeromedical disposition. sheet including your credit card number or a check made out to Aerospace Medical PARTICIPANTS Association to: This program is designed for physi- Aerospace Medical Association cians who function as flight surgeons MOC/CME or aviation medical examiners who practice civil or military aviation medi- 320 S. Henry Street cine and space medicine. Alexandria, VA 22314 FACULTY $15 x ___ exams = $______(total) PAYMENT MUST ACCOMPANY FORM The faculty will be comprised of aero- METHOD OF PAYMENT: VISA AMEX DISCOVER MASTERCARD DINERS CLUB space medicine physicians (Board Certified) appointed by the Executive ( Please circle one) (No other credit cards will be accepted) CHECK Director who will serve as Chair. NAME (PRINT)______CREDITS CREDIT CARD #______EXPIRATION DATE______The Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA) is accredited by the SIGNATURE:______Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continu- MAILING ADDRESS:______ing medical education for physicians. ______The Aerospace Medical Association designates this Continuing Medical ______Education activity for one (1) credit hour in Category I of the Physicians E-MAIL:______PHONE:______Recognition Award of the American Medical Association. Sound Attenuation from Earmuffs and Earplugs in Combination: Maximum Benefit vs. Missed To earn CME, you must answer at least Information 75% of the questions correctly. You S. M. Able and P. Odell can receive 1 hour of credit for each Aviat Space Environ Med 2006; 77:899-904. article. The American Board of Preventive Medicine accepts these Question 1. Long term exposure to unprotected 8-hour A-weighted equivalent levels exceed- CME credits for Maintenance of ing ______dBA will result in hearing loss. Certification (MOC) credit. A. 55 All physicians can claim CME but only B. 65 those US physicians board certified in C. 75 aerospace medicine, occupational D. 85 medicine and preventive medicine can claim MOC credit. Question 2. Ear plugs alone provide better protection against loud noise than earmuffs. A. True B. False Question 3. Which statement is true regarding normal hearing individuals? Examination Evaluation A. There is reduced audibility when wearing earmuffs. B. There is little or no audibility when wearing both earplugs and earmuffs. 1. Were the stated program objec- C. There is reduced audibility when wearing earplugs. tives met? D. Audibility will not be compromised when hearing protection is worn. __ A. Yes __ B. No __ C. Partially______Question 4. Highly rated earmuffs and earplugs, even in combination, will not provide pro- ______tection against steady state and impact noise.. A. True 2. Were the selected articles and B. False related questions relevant to your practice? Carotid Sinus Pressure Changes During Push-Pull Maneuvers __ A. Yes __ B. No L. S. Goodman, L. Grosman-Rimon, and R. Mikuliszyn Aviat Space Environ med 2006; 77:921-8. 3. Do you anticipate that partici- pation in the program will result Question 1. Which of the following is true regarding the Push-Pull Maneuver (PPM)? in any changes in your delivery of A. The PPM is a rapid transition from -Gz to +Gz. patient care? B. The PPM is employed by tactical pilots during aerial combat to attain strategic advantage. __ A. Yes______C. A sizeable percentage of accidents involving G-induced loss of consciousness are associ- ______ated with the PPM. ______B. No D. All of the above. __ C. Not involved in patient care. Question 2. G-tolerance is degraded when +Gz exposure immediately follows a -Gz expo- sure. A. True B. False Questions continued on next page.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 991 CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION & MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION

EXAMINATION ANSWERS Question 3. Regarding physiologic responses during +Gz and -Gz exposure, which of the (Circle correct answer) following is not true? Sound Attenuation from Earmuffs A. During +Gz exposure elevated total peripheral resistance allows for partial recovery of and Earplugs arterial blood pressure at head-level. S. M. Abel and P. Odell B. Bradycardia and vasodilation in peripheral vascular beds occurs during -Gz exposure. ASEM 2006; 77:899-904 C. Transition from bradycardia during -Gz exposure to tachycardia during subsequent +Gz QUESTION 1. can take several seconds to occur. A B C D D. Arterial baroreflexes in the acceleration environment are redundant and complex. QUESTION 2. E. Blood pressure recovery during transition from -Gz to +Gz is highly dependent upon the A B C D peripheral microcirculation's ability to vasoconstrict. QUESTION 3. Question 4. A B C D A. True QUESTION 4. B. False A B C D CME/MOC HOURS Survivability and Injuries from Use of Rocket-Assisted Ejection Seats: Analysis of 232 Cases 1.0 Matthew E. Lewis Aviat Space Environ Med 2006; 77:936-43. Carotid Sinus Pressure Changes Question 1. The overall survival rate for ejections from RAF aircraft is approximately: During Push-Pull Maneuvers A. 50%. L. S. Goodman et al. B. 75%. ASEM 2006; 77:921-8 C. 85%. D. 90%. QUESTION 1. Question 2. The most common ejection injury is: A B C D A. Spinal fracture. QUESTION 2. B. Upper limb fracture. A B C D C. Head injury. QUESTION 3. D. Lower limb fracture. A B C D QUESTION 4. Question 3. The survival rate of RAF ejectees compares favorably with survival rates as report- A B C D ed in the literature. CME/MOC HOURS A. True 1.0 B. False Question 4. Which statement is true? Rocket-Assisted Ejection Seats A. Spinal fracture injury incidence is about the same for non-rocket assisted ejection seats and M. E. Lewis rocket assisted ejection seats. ASEM 2006; 77:936-43 B. The addition of rocket assisted ejection seats has decreased the incidence of spinal fractures. C. Spinal cord damage after ejection is common. QUESTION 1. D. Stature, sitting height, and lower limb length are factors found to be significant in ejection A B C D injury. QUESTION 2. Neurological Disorders After Repetitive Breath-Hold Diving A B C D E. Gempp, J-E. Blatteau QUESTION 3. Aviat Space Environ Med 2006; 77:971-3. A B C D QUESTION 4. Question 1. The development of neurological signs and symptoms after breath holding in A B C D diving may be caused by all of the following except: CME/MOC HOURS A. Nitrogen oversaturation. 1.0 B. Build-up of carbon dioxide. C. Cerebral artery occlusion. D. Bubble formation in arterial blood. Neurological Disorders After Question 2. Decompression illness in breath holding divers has been most associated with: Repetitive Breath-Hold Diving A. Patent foramen ovale. E. Gempp & J-E. Blatteau B. Predive hyperventilation. ASEM 2006; 77:971-3 C. Coronary artery disease. D. Pulmonary hypertension. QUESTION 1. A B C D Question 3. The development of cerebral DCI by paradoxical gas embolism includes all of QUESTION 2. the following except: A B C D A. Venous bubbles. QUESTION 3. B. A large right-to-left shunt. A B C D C. Coughing or straining. QUESTION 4. D. Increased pulmonary pressure. A B C D CME/MOC HOURS Question 4.The gold standard for detecting a right-to-left shunt is: 1.0 A. Transcerebral Doppler. B. Transesophageal echo. C. CT. D. Angiography. 992 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 President’s Page

The Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA) has the privilege to annually acknowledge and recognize indi- viduals who have made important contributions to the field of aerospace medicine. The award process has been ongoing for almost 60 years, and the Association cur- rently has 15 major awards that are presented annually. As an organization with approximately 3000 members, those that receive these special awards have made signif- icant contributions to our field and are deserving recipi- ents. Each of the 15 AsMA awards is named for an indi- vidual who was a leader in our field or who made great personal sacrifice in support of the women and men who work in the aerospace environment. It is appropriate to Richard T. Jennings, M.D., M.S. periodically refresh everyone's memory of the history of the AsMA awards and the contribution made by each of our meeting. Recently, New Orleans accommodated a those with named awards. Dr. Stanley Mohler and the meeting with 18,000 attendees, and our meeting will be History and Archives Committee gladly accepted this as- small by comparison. Almost all of the restaurants are signment, and his special committee report on the now open including Brennan's, Arnaud's, K Paul's, Café awards of the Aerospace Medical Association is pub- du Monde, Emeril's, Court of the Two Sisters, and lished in this edition of the journal. Those whose names Galatoire's. Local venues including the Aquarium/ grace our awards are an outstanding group of individu- IMAX (3 blocks), World War II Museum (9 blocks), and als, and I was very impressed by their histories and con- Riverboats (4 blocks) are open and thriving. For those of tributions to the health, safety, and performance of those you who do not understand mathematics and probabil- in the aerospace environment and related fields. The per- ity, Harrah's Casino is open and waiting (3 blocks). We sonal sacrifice of this group is apparent since 5 of the 15 plan to hold the 5K run on early Monday morning in the died in aircraft accidents. I strongly encourage you to beautiful Woldenberg Riverfront Park located only 4 read Dr. Mohler and Pam Day's article. blocks from the host hotels. AsMA is fortunate to have an outstanding Awards While the downtown hotel area and French Quarter Committee headed by Commander Andy Bellenkes. The are doing well, there are areas of New Orleans outside job of Andy and his committee is to see that worthy indi- the meeting location that are hurting and will be affected viduals in our organization are selected for these awards. for many years. Members of AsMA are known for caring However, the committee depends on the membership to for our patients and professionally completing our re- nominate individuals for the various awards. The Award sponsibilities. In this case, we have a timely opportunity Rules are available in the journal, and the Nomination to help greater New Orleans recover. Dr. Johnson is lead- Form can be downloaded from the website or completed ing an effort for volunteer members to join local agencies online. Award nominations are due by December 15. to help rebuild New Orleans on the Saturday before the Please review the specific criteria for each of the awards start of the annual clinical meeting. Please consider par- and nominate deserving individuals. Doing so not only ticipating in this effort. Information on this will be pro- provides the nominee the recognition he or she so richly vided when available. deserves, but also greatly benefits our organization as a Of course, the scientific meeting is the most impor- whole by providing a means for its membership to pub- tant function, and even though we are in two host hotels, licly recognize the many outstanding contributions of its the current plan keeps the scientific sessions in a single members. hotel on each of the session days. In order to facilitate ac- New Orleans 2007 cess to the posters and commercial displays, the scientific sessions on Monday and Tuesday will be co-located with On Wednesday July 12, a delegation from AsMA the commercial displays and posters at the Sheraton and that included the local events chair, Bob Johnson, pro- moved to the Marriott for Wednesday and Thursday. gram chair Joe Dervay, FAA representative Ridge Smith, This approach also allows attendees to move from room- Wing delegation Conoly Barker, Dianne Okonsky- to-room. Dr. Dervay has made great strides in develop- Hudson, and Melinda Beane, representatives from AIM ing the invited workshops and special sessions, and he Walt Galanty and Tom Dozier, and I established a "beach looks forward to a productive abstract submission head" in New Orleans. Actually, the airport, transporta- process leading to the final program. tion system, and host hotels, the Marriott and Sheraton, We look forward to seeing you in May. are in fine working order and present no constraints to Laissez les bon temps rouler!

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Executive Europeans Found New AMA Annual Meeting 2006 Director’s Aerospace Medicine Society by Daniel B. Lestage, M.D., Delegate Column Six months ago, on Saturday the 11th of The Aerospace Medical Association was March 2006, The European Society of represented by Dan Lestage, Mike Berry, and Aerospace Medicine (ESAM) was founded in Dan Shoor at the 2006 AMA House of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Delegates meeting June 10 - 14 in Chicago. As The stated purposes of the society will be one of the oldest and most highly visible spe- to promote flight safety and health among pas- cialty societies in the AMA, we again effec- sengers and air crew; to be a pan-European, tively represented your interests in the 500+ independent forum for Aerospace Medicine, to member House and staff of the largest, most Rayman coordinate European Aerospace Medicine in- respected medical organization in America. terests in applicable forums; and to develop On Saturday, just prior to the House con- New Orleans 2007 and harmonize education in Aerospace vening, the AMA again sponsored a "career" Medicine throughout Europe. Many expo for medical students at which we Our site team has just returned from visit- Aerospace Medical Association members and manned an AsMA booth. We had high inter- ing New Orleans, which will be the venue for constituent organizations were involved in est and many candidates who stopped to in- our May 2007 Annual Scientific Meeting. The founding this new organization and we will quire about our specialty and residency pro- entire team very much enjoyed the visit and endeavour to work in consort with this grams. The interest was very encouraging walked away with a very confident feeling fledgling group. and we believe our efforts to promote that New Orleans, and in particular the The following Associations signed the Aerospace Medicine were successful. Sheraton and Marriott hotels, are ready and Founding Resolutions: While health care economic issues that capable of meeting all of our requirements. Austrian Academy of Aviation Medicine usually dominate the House were again The Sheraton and Marriott hotels are lo- Croatian Society of Aviation Medicine prevalent, several initiatives crucial to our cated across the street from one another on Deutsche Akademie für Flug- und members and their constituencies actually Canal Street, only 2-3 minutes on foot. They Reisemedizin took center stage. The Council on Ethical and are of equal size and equal quality, both being Deutscher Fliegerarztverband e.V Judicial Affairs held very spirited discussions modern and capable of providing us with German Society of Aerospace Medicine on the topic of physician participation in in- large break-out rooms, as well as a number of Hungarian Association of Aerospace terrogations. With the leadership of our mili- excellent restaurants. Our team was ably Medicine tary coalition delegates an acceptable compro- hosted by key hotel personnel as well as per- Moldavian AMEs mise policy was approved by the House that sonnel from the New Orleans Convention and Norwegian Association of Aviation Medicine states physicians must not conduct, directly Visitor’s Bureau. The entire New Orleans team The assembled delegates elected an interim participate in or monitor prisoner interroga- was friendly and most responsive to our plan- president and an interim executive committee. tions with the intent to intervene. However, ning needs. They enthusiastically look forward They will plan and organise a General physicians may participate in development of to welcoming us in May. Assembly before the end of the year. interrogation strategies as long as they are hu- Because we are contracted with two hotels, The members of the Interim Executive mane and non coercive with respect to the the academic sessions, meal functions, regis- Committee are: rights of the individual. tration, and exhibits will be divided between President: Lars Tjensvoll The House adopted policy on immuniza- the two properties. In my January letter to Vice Presidents: Roland Vermeiren, tions that addresses access to all vaccines rec- you, I will give more details regarding this Wolfgang Köstler, Elena Cataman ommended by the Advisory Committee on split as final arrangements have not yet been Treasurer: Hans-Werner Immunization Practices by all health care made. Teichmüller providers, with special emphasis on influenza The French Quarter and the Riverwalk are Deputy Treasurer: Anthony Wagstaff vaccine distribution to ensure high priority very close to the hotels and can easily be Secretary: Hans Pongratz, Claudia populations are covered. reached within minutes on foot. It appeared Stern The AMA Foundation was directed to that all businesses, particularly restaurants, Secretary-General Lutz Bergau, Per Årva, work with state and national medical societies were open and serving clientele. Gábor Hardicsay to ensure a disaster relief fund for medical Because it is a bit early in the meeting plan- For further information, contact Lars students, residents and impacted practicing ning process, we do not have definite plans for Tjensvoll: [email protected] or visit See AMA, p. 999 some of the major events such as the Sunday www.esam.aero. night welcome and the Tuesday night special event. However, there are several ideas being bandied about, such as a riverboat trip. You will be informed as soon as all arrangements have been finalized. The online submission website will open in early August and our Science Program meet- ing, chaired by Dr. Joe Dervay, will meet in mid-November to peer review the papers. We are expecting a great turnout in New Orleans and I hope to see all of you there in May. If you have any particular questions, do not hesi- tate to call me. Point your mouse to the AsMA home page at: www.asma.org It’s updated with important, new infor- ESAM founded - The participants at the meeting in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, where the mation about your Association. European Society of Aerospace Medicine was founded.

994 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 This Month in Aerospace medical services accessible to a thinly settled (Tbg,s) exceeded Tdb,c by 2-5°C on the ground rural population. It has put life into the con- and by 4-8°C in flight. The pilot’s mean skin Medicine History-- cept of regionalization of hospital services. temperature was a linear function of Tdb,c, in September 2006 That lives have been saved which would oth- each phase. Auditory canal temperature (Tac) erwise have been lost is beyond doubt. Abuse rose from a control value of 37.0 to a mean of By Walter Dalitsch III, M.D., M.P.H. by patients or doctors, in way of unnecessary 37.4°C in flight, with on pilot reaching 37.8°C. One Hundred Years Ago ambulance calls, has been practically nil. The Sweat rate was a linear function of Tdb,g, with First European airplane flight: On chief problem still to be faced in Saskatchewan weight loss up to 2.3%. These data are com- September 13, 1906, the first European air- is the need for an improved system of road pared to earlier studies of the F-4 and F-111 plane flight took place at Bagatelle Field, Paris, ambulances, to cover shorter distances, inte- aircraft. Although the performance of the A- France. The Brazilian pilot Alberto Santos- grated with the air service. The costs of the Air 10’s cooling system resembles that in other air- Dumont flew the Oiseau de Proie or “Bird of Ambulance Service are not low, but the values craft and is somewhat better than the F-4 on Prey,” reportedly the first craft to take off with- gained must be measured in terms beyond the the ground, the effects of cockpit heat are exac- out any external apparatus or assistance, or statistics on patients successfully transported erbated by its close-support role. Pilots noted the aid of high winds (8). and lives saved. Perhaps the greatest value of lowered G-tolerance and increased general fa- all is the sense of psychological security en- tigue on the hotter flights. The foot- and leg- Seventy-five Years Ago joyed by the rural people of Saskatchewan, area temperatures exceeded those at the head; Post-flight physical findings in pilots (Kansas who know that if they need to get to a distant planned changes in air distribution should City, MO): “Those familiar with aeronautics hospital, on short notice in rain or shine, they partly alleviate that situation” (4). know that flying constantly or continuously can count on the Air Ambulance Service” (5). Smoking and eye color in hearing loss (Naval produces fatigue. This may be manifested in The danger of flying with fatigue: “Flying fa- Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Pensacola, various ways. The most common subjective tigue is a matter of the utmost importance if FL:. “In a retrospective analysis of data col- symptoms are lack of attention, loss of ambi- only because on a person’s physical, mental, lected during the 1963 followup of the tion, sense of hunger and thirst, and a feeling and psychological fitness at any one time de- NAMRL Thousand Aviator Study, two hearing of exhaustion and drowsiness. pends the safety of an aircraft, its crew, and level groups were identified, normal and im- “Physical examinations of air pilots after passengers. An individual who is fatigued paired, and compared along 33 non-auditory flight reveals a constant finding, namely, hy- may make an error of judgment which is fatal. dimensions. It was discovered that these two potension. What is the cause of this hypoten- Flying fatigue can have a variety of causes. equally noise-exposed groups could be differ- sion? Is this physical evidence of fatigue? It Excessive flying hours, inadequate rest on the entiated according to their smoking history was this constant finding which led us to col- ground between flights, a difficult aircraft, un- and eye color. That is, the impaired hearing lect data on the metabolism and blood changes restful sleep, illness, psychological strain, bad group reported smoking more cigarettes for a after flight. Extensive literature has developed weather or, in fact, absence of any of the many greater period of time than did the members around the question of metabolism, but a pe- factors which go to make up peace of mind of the normal hearing group. Furthermore, rusal of this literature reveals the fact that and physical and mental fitness. If a man, oth- blue-eye individuals were over-represented in there is one phase of metabolism which has re- erwise physically fit, is distressed by domestic the normal hearing group, whereas the reverse ceived little or no attention. We fail to find any or other worries, he will probably not be get- was true for brown-eyed aviators. This latter mention of the changes in metabolism pro- ting the sleep or rest he needs, and a danger- finding is consistent with reports linking tem- duced by flying… ous situation may well build up, unknown to porary hearing loss and eye color. There were “Fifteen veteran pilots have been studied. all but close observers” (1). 31 other physical, psychological, and sociologi- Forty-six and six-tenths per cent (46.6 per cent) The fear of flying: “Fear of flying is an om- cal measures which failed to appear differen- of these pilots show a lower basal metabolic nibus expression used for convenience in the tially in the two groups” (7). rate after flying in comparison to the basal armed forces to categorize air crew members metabolic rate found after resting. Blood sugar whose flying proficiency is threatened or im- References values are low. Identical values were almost al- paired by decreased motivation or psychiatric 1. Bergin KG. Aviation medicine. The Times ways found for blood sugar after flying and symptoms. In no sense a diagnosis, it compre- Survey of British Aviation, 1956 (Sep 3). after rest. Creatinine determinations show no hends exaggeration of the inherent conser- 2. Haymaker W. Operation stratomouse. change. Non-protein nitrogen determinations vatism of advancing age, the deleterious effect Milit Med, 1956 (Sep). show that forty-six and six-tenths per cent of certain environmental influences, and actual 3. Miller WH, Ginsberg AM. Metabolic and (46.6 per cent) give higher values after rest, but psychiatric illness” (6). serologic changes in flight fatigue: Preliminary this group is not related to the group showing Hazards of cosmic rays in flight? “Clear-cut report. J Aviat Med, 1931; 2(3):155-61. higher basal metabolic rates after flying. The answers as to whether cosmic rays are haz- 4. Nunneley SA, Flick CF. Heat stress in the Schneider Index permits us to conclude that a ardous are bound, in time, to emerge. Up A-10 cockpit: Flight over desert. Aviat Space pilot has a more efficient neuro-circulatory there, in the as yet hostile and forbidding Environ Med, 1981; 52(9):513-6. mechanism after rest… fringes of space where it is always night, the 5. Roemer MI. Tenth anniversary of Air “We feel that our findings on such a lim- ubiquitous mouse has gained a foot-hold. Ambulance Service. Canadian Med Assoc J, ited group of pilots offers no definite conclu- Before man can do likewise, or, indeed, pierce 1956 (Sept 15). sion, but it is our opinion that further work in the stratosphere and travel through the black 6. Tempereau CE. Fear of flying in Korea. this field will bring forth interesting physiolog- unknown beyond, he will continue to need Am J Psychiatry, 1956 (Sep). ical facts regarding the adrenal glands, hy- balloon-borne animals as forerunners – unless, 7. Thomas GB, Williams CE, Hoger NG. potension and fatigue. It is hoped that these perchance, man himself is wiling to serve as Some non-auditory correlates of the hearing facts will not only prove of academic interest ‘guinea pig’ for his fellow man” (2). threshold levels of an aviation noise-exposed but will be useful in the future welfare of those population. Aviat Space Environ Med, 1981; men engaged in aeronautics” (3). Twenty-five Years Ago 52(9):531-6. Heat stress in the cockpit (USAF School of 8. www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0004537.html; Fifty Years Ago Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX): “Heat http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Santos Success of a Canadian air ambulance service:. stress is a significant problem during low-level -Dumont “The Saskatchewan Air Ambulance Service flight in hot climates, especially in aircraft that has demonstrated, in its first ten years of oper- impose high task loads and repetitive maneu- ation, the feasibility of transporting seriously vering forces. The A-10 close-support aircraft AsMA Future Meetings ill patients by airplane in a prairie region at all presents such a combined-stress environment. times for the year. Even with the use of ordi- This report summarizes data from 15 low-level May 13-17, 2007 nary fields for landings and take-offs, an excel- flight over desert. Ground dry-bulb tempera- Sheraton and Marriott Hotels lent safety record is possible. With the services ture (Tdb,g) was 26-42°C. Cockpit temperature New Orleans of flight nurses and appropriate medical (Tdb,c) was commonly over 40°C on the equipment and supplies, the medical con- ground and tended to drop progressively from May 11-15, 2008 traindications and physiological hazards are taxi-out through flight to the range and return; Sheraton and Hilton Hotels remarkably low. for any given phase it was a linear function of Boston, MA “The provision of speedy air transporta- Tdb,g. Small (50-mm) black globe temperature tion has undoubtedly improved the quality of

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an “enabler.” The value on each axis repre- time zones, violating circadian rhythms and sents the percentage of essential mission sleep requirements. Some populations vol- skills for that archetype that require that en- untarily subject themselves to non-biologic abler. The result describes the relative im- schedules, such as traditional 18 hour cycles Science & portance of each enabler to the mission. As on submarines, but only aviators are re- an example, the Techno Warrior archetype is quired by the mission itself to so abuse the Technology shown in Fig. 1. Acuity, an enabler, is re- biological clock. It is also important to re- quired for 15% of the essential mission skills member that for decades aviation safety Watch of a Techno Warrior. Size is required for al- studies have identified human factors as most none, and strength is even less impor- causal or major contributors in 70% to 85% tant. Optimization consists of maintaining of mishaps. For this reason alone, a base of this balance while enhancing the enablers. research in aviation-centered HPO is a good (Note that the example in Fig.1, B-2 and JS- investment. TARS crews, do not require high G-toler- A repeated theme in the report and at Keeping You Informed Of The Latest ance, which would increase the relative im- the workshop was the culture surrounding Advances In Science And Technology portance of strength. This provides further HPO. Aviation is historically a very conser- evidence of the importance of tailoring en- vative community, and this is evident in ********** hancements to the mission.) their suspicion of enhancements in the form The report spurred the DoD Department of dietary supplements and pharmaceuti- In this month’s Watch we read about the impor- of Health Affairs to task the Uniformed cals, despite a higher acceptance of techno- tance of the aviation medical community to moni- Services University of the Health Sciences to logical solutions. This is in contrast to tor the progress of Human Performance hold a Human Performance Optimization Special Forces, where technological solu- Optimization research and development and ben- Workshop, with the goal of producing a tions are suspect, but dietary supplements efit from the lessons learned by other communi- way ahead for human performance opti- and pharmaceuticals are regarded as hold- ties. mization (HPO) research and development. ing great promise. It is also in contrast to The workshop was held in June and at- the wider American culture, where perfor- ********** tended by 89 individuals representing 56 mance enhancement is a multibillion dollar DoD organizations to include research, industry, largely centered on solutions that Human Performance Optimization medical, and operational communities. can be taken per os. in Aviation While the meeting did not focus on avia- HPO is commonly framed in terms of tion, it nonetheless produced some interest- the needs of Special Forces, and this has se- Lt Col Valerie E. Martindale, PhD ing insights on the role of HPO in aviation. rious drawbacks for aviation. Special Forces Chief of Aerospace Physiology, Human The importance of maintaining an avia- consider physical training to be the pre- Performance Enhancement Division, tion voice in the evolving HPO research and miere area of enhancement, with expecta- Bolling AFB, Washington, DC development community was clear. There tion of a great return on investment. are a number of reasons, detailed below, to Military aviators may be proud of their In May 2005, the Office of Net participate in this process as HPO gains mo- physical training, but expect no improve- Assessment distributed a report entitled mentum. ment of mission effectiveness as a result of “Human Performance Optimization and Aviation presents some unique HPO better physical training. A diet and fitness Military Missions.” This document intro- challenges. Currently, information satura- regimen tailored to troops performing 10 duced a number of ideas into the human tion without situational awareness is a tar- mile hikes with 70 lb backpacks will pro- performance arena whose time has not yet get for improvement. Multiple sensors feed vide too many calories for aviators and too come, but which will certainly be a part of information to a pilot, without integration little time for critical skill maintenance. our future, and not just in the military. into an intuitive picture. Multiple operators, Interventions aimed at maintaining focus on The authors introduce “optimization,” a in the air and on the ground, receive infor- the battlefield may prevent recognition of term distinct from enhancement. mation but fail to build a common operating developing problems in an aircraft. This is Enhancement, they contend, refers to im- picture. There are approaches to both ends not to say that there will be no benefits for proving a specific aspect of performance in of the problem, with the hope of meeting in aviation from other quarters. It does pay to isolation, such as creatine to improve anaer- the middle with a fused, intuitive, real-time, look over the fence, for example at the obic burst strength. Optimization, on the common operating picture. Such an en- Navy’s multimodal watch station other hand, refers to combinations of en- hancement to human performance will have (http://www.pacific- hancements tailored to the task at hand, and implications for civil aviation as well, where science.com/CandC/CandC.shtml). At the ultimately to the individual performing the information management is an increasing same time, the aviation community must task. problem in congested airspace. Another have its own voice and presence to ensure To capture the idea of this balanced, tai- unique consideration, which is not new for its issues are addressed. lored approach, the authors investigated aviators, is rapidly and repeatedly crossing The future of HPO is bright. The future “archetypes,” samples of military operators of HPO in aviation is still taking shape. A which can be analyzed for performance great deal will depend on how HPO is de- needs and then optimized with human per- fined for the purpose of distributing re- formance approaches. The three archetypes search dollars. How does it fit with human investigated in the report are the “Versatile systems integration? How does it interact Warrior” applicable to Special Forces, the with safety and medicine? And how do we “Pencil Warrior” modeled on submarine measure success? These questions are not crews, and the “Techno Warrior.” The yet answered. It will pay for the aviation Techno Warrior archetype was modeled on community to be vigilant and vocal at this B-2 crews and Joint Surveillance and Target early stage of HPO program development, Attack Radar System (JSTARS) crews, and is to reap the greatest benefit on this new fron- the one most broadly applicable to aviation tier, the human frontier. subfields. Undoubtedly other archetypes will be found to be important; the Pencil ********** Warrior may be found to describe air traffic The AsMA Science and Technology Committee control center personnel better than the provides the Watch as a forum to introduce and Techno Warrior, and as yet undiscovered Fig. 1. The Techno Warrior’s Ratio of Enablers, discuss a variety of topics involving all aspects archetypes may be needed for other sub- from Human Performance Optimization and of civil and military aerospace medicine. Please fields such as fighter pilots and load mas- Military Missions, May 2005, by SAIC, au- send your submissions and comments via email ters. thors Adam Russell, Bartlett Bulkley, and to: [email protected] Watch columns are Each archetype consists of a set of mea- Christine Grafton, for the Director, Office of available at www.asma.org in the AsMA News sures on 13 axes, each of which represents Net Assessment. link under Publications.

996 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 Send information for publication on this page to: Jonathan B. Clark, M.D., M.P.H. [email protected] SPACE MEDICINE ASSOCIATION NEWS Space Medicine Branch Changes Name Executive Committee Meeting Report, Review of Annual Business Meeting and Luncheon Activities, and Farewell The Annual Executive Committee Meeting, Luncheon and Donations: Business Meeting of the Space Medicine Branch were held at the Wyle Labs - $3000 (with special thanks to CEO George Melton, and Orlando Marriott Convention Center on Thursday, May 18, 2006. Senior Vice President Bob Ellis) President Dwight Holland called the meeting to order and congratu- Kelsey Seybold $1000 - (with special recognition to Dr. James Hoyle) lated the Committee members and officers present for doing an out- Dr. Jeff Myers-- for another $1,000 personal contribution for the standing job during the year for the various initiatives for "The Young Investigator Award Fund Branch" (as this organization is affectionately known). Most of the Comprehensive Health Services-- $500 for Young Investigator Award initiatives evolved from a general plan developed by these officers Fund (with special thanks to CHS and to Jeff Myers for enabling over the past several years to continue to update the organization's the contribution from this company again this year--see p. 892 in structure and operations, bring it into the modern era of financial/in- the August issue of ASEM) formation management, and to recognize the importance of the inter- Mark Campbell for his donation of $1660 in cash and services to de net as a communications and organizational vehicle. Most of the offi- velop and sustain the SMA website cers and committee chairs in this year's work are represented in the Other Contributors: group photo (below) commemorating this rather historic year for the Phil Scarpa-for his contribution of $100.00 toward a Scholarship organization, since this year we voted to change our name to the Award for this year's recipient of the Young Investigator Award. Space Medicine Association (SMA). Smith Johnston and Dwight Holland, as additional Patrons, contribut Our Secretary, Alan Moore, reported that the Access database he ing several hundred dollars between them to SMA's General created was up to date, and he encouraged the members to update Operating Fund. their addresses and check up on their dues status. Thanks to Jeff Myers, and our Wyle Laboratories supporters, we President-elect Jon Clark reported on the election results with now have approximately $5,000 of "Endowment" money. The goal is Mark Campbell assuming the role of President of SMA in 2007-08 for to grow this to over $10,000, and use the interest to fund the YIA a one year term, and Vernon McDonald will assume the role of Award and Scholarship Money each year, without having to take any Secretary for a 2-year term from 2006-08. Newly elected Members-at- principal away from the fund. We are seeking additional sources of Large were Jan Stepanek and Doug Hamilton, with Alyson Calder as- funding to help grow this fund to a safe level for reasonable annual suming the third member-at-large position, replacing Mark withdrawals. Campbell. Our Executive Committee also voted to provide $500.00 in out- Treasurer Report--Genie Bopp reported that the long-sought after reach seed money to our colleagues in the United Kingdom in order Not-for-Profit 501(c)(3) status was obtained from the IRS. to help them with their 3rd Annual UK Space Medicine Day which As a part of our efforts to reach out to the professional commu- will be held September 30-October 1. nity our members serve, and to stabilize our finances and provide scholarship money to students and other space-related organizations, Branch Committee Reports: we are delighted to announce several contributors to our organiza- Webmaster Report--Mark Campbell reported that the website is tion this year. Due to these philanthropic efforts and more effective linked to the AsMA site, and running. There is a "Members Only" management of our finances, Genie reported that after the meeting section and an “Executive Committee" section. Mark also reported we will have well over $10,000 in our Treasury, with about $5,000 that a bulletin board is up and running. He is now requesting sub- earmarked especially for Young Investigator Awards and Scholarship missions for this section. Mark Campbell is paying for the memory money. Genie and Finance/Corporate Sponsor Chair, Dwight on the server - it his donation to the branch. Mark also wanted to Holland, were delighted to report the following financial support of start a "lessons learned" section on this website-in the hope that we SMA's activities, with deepest thanks to our donors: can learn from past mistakes, so as not to repeat them in the future. Awards--Smith Johnston gave a report on the Strughold Award Winner for 2006, who is Dr. Jeff Davis (see p. 892 in the August issue of ASEM). Dr Myers - reported on the YIA (7 finalists of 197 potential candidates) The recipient was Candidate 1st Class Donald Aretz, a USAF Academy Student (see p. 892 in the August issue). Nominations--Jon Clark reported on nominations and elections results as noted above. Program--Phil Scarpa/Denise Baisden Co-Chairs: This year there were two Branch-sponsored sessions and six endorsed sessions. Policy--Phil Scarpa distributed the changes to Constitution that were approved in the past year's Business Meeting to enable the 501 (c)(3) application to move forward. As a Past-President, and Policy Chair, Phil took considerable time to give the Executive Committee advice on the proposed changes this year with regard to a potential vote for a name modification from "Space Medicine Branch" to the "Space Medicine Association." International Activities--Karen Breeck/Alyson Calder Co-Chairs: Alyson Calder was present and gave a report on international mem- bership activities, and the new UK Space Medicine Day conference. She thanked our Executive Committee for voting to provide financial support to help the 3rd UK Space Medicine Day conference this fall. History--Denise Baisden requested that the committee consider a Space Medicine Branch Officers 2005-06--(front row left to right replacement, since her term expires this year. Art Arnold will take kneeling-Jeff Jones, Dwight Holland; second row left to right-Jeff Myers, over as the new SMA Historian. Mark Campbell discussed some his- Judith Hayes, Mark Campbell, Genie Bopp, Alan Moore; back row left toric information he found concerning Dr. Strughold. Mark is corre- to right-Phil Scarpa, Mike Chandler, Smith Johnston, Jon Clark)-not pic- sponding with several organizations about and will report back to tured but at the meeting: Denise Baisden, Karen Breek, Aly Calder, Mary Anne Frey. See SPACE MEDICINE, p. 998.

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SPACE MEDICINE, from p. 997. the Executive Committee later. Denise Baisden also agreed to Chair the newly re- vived SMA Membership Committee. Corporate Individual Donors/ Sponsorship(s)--(As noted above.) The Annual Business Meeting and lecture this year was named the Wyle Lecture in Honor of Wyle's sustained support of our various programs. Judy Hayes agreed to organize a group to seek additional corporate sponsors. Representative to AsMA Council--Dr. Jon Clark: Phil Scarpa, Jeff Meyers, and Smith Johnston attended. They reported that the Branch initiatives are viewed very favor- ably by many groups within AsMA, and oth- INCOMING SMA PRESIDENT--2005-06 ers are starting to emulate some of our initia- President Dwight Holland (left) hands over tives and efforts. the gavel to incoming President Jon Clark Representative to the AsMA (right) while wishing him well. LUNCHEON SPEAKER--Dr Greg Olsen gives Nominations Committee--Phil Scarpa re- the luncheon attendees a “standing room only” Committee member. However, one Executive ported that several Branch members were talk on his quest to go into space, his training Committee member expressed concern and nominated and supported for AsMA level of- and his 7-day stay aboard the International opposition, stating (essentially) that there fice this year. Denise Baisden was elected to a Space Station. 3-year AsMA Member-at-Large term, and Jeff was no need to fix something that was not a problem. Myers was elected as one of the four AsMA International Space Station for a 7-day stay. It A process governed by our Constitutional Vice Presidents. Other members currently was standing room only to hear his well-de- rules was then initiated to ascertain the will serving AsMA-level offices include: livered presentation. President Dwight of the membership: Immediate Past-Presidents Melchor Holland thanked Dr Olsen for his presenta- i. A vote to bring forward name modifi- Antuñano and Mike Bagshaw, newly inaugu- tion and valuable time away from his busi- cation to membership at this luncheon was rated AsMA President Richard Jennings, ness, and presented him with a special carried by the Executive Committee unani- Vice-Presidents Jim Webb and Jeff Myers and award plaque. mously. And; Aerospace Medicine Regent Jeff Davis. New President Remarks-Dr. Jon Clark ii. A vote for the Executive Committee Members-at-Large and AsMA Council thanked the board for all of their hard work, Members for an endorsement to the member- Representatives include Jon Clark, Dave and presented Dwight Holland with a past ship for name modification at the Luncheon Hiland, and Dwight Holland. President's Award plaque for his service to passed the organization. He then adjourned the iii. A "voice vote" by the membership to New Business--Executive Committee/ Luncheon and Business Meeting. waive a waiting period in order for the vote Luncheon Finally, I want to personally thank all of to actually proceed at that Annual Business Name Modification from "Space Medicine the officers and members in the Space Meeting/Luncheon passed. Branch" to "Space Medicine Association." Medicine Association for their support of our iv. The votes for a name modification Some extensive discussion occurred with re- programs this year. Serving as the President were counted twice, and the result was that gard to Constitutional and Policy matters. this year was a highlight in my life, and I'll 2/3's of the membership present voted to Phil Scarpa helped to frame this aspect of the never forget all of the wonderful discussions, support the Executive Committee's recom- discussion, while Dwight Holland and Mark shared vision/hope for the future, and our mendation for modifying the name from the Campbell, among others, spoke in favor of work together over the past several years "Space Medicine Branch (of the Aerospace bringing this to the membership soon for a with our leaders past and present. Godspeed Medical Association)" to the "Space Medicine Luncheon/Business Meeting vote. The name to you all. modification motion was sent to the mem- Association." bership by email in the Spring for review Luncheon Speaker--Dr Greg Olsen-the Dwight Holland, M.S., M.S.E., Ph.D. and remarks. Several very positive remarks 3rd "Tourist in Space, provided a talk on his President, Space Medicine were sent into the Executive Committee, and personal journey to the ISS. He detailed his Branch/Association 2005-06 it was noted that not a single negative email struggles to get through the medical qualifi- from the membership in opposition of this cation and the training he underwent to be modification was received by any Executive able to fly on a Russian Soyuz to the

WYLE HONORED--Wyle Laboratories CEO George Melton (right) receives a Special Recognition Award from President Dwight SPECIAL RECOGNITION AWARD--Mark SPECIAL AWARD--Treasurer Genie Bopp (left) Holland for his extraordinary support of the Campbell (left) receives a Space Medicine receives a Special Award from the Space Association and its programs. (Not pictured) Branch Special Recognition Award from Medicine Branch from President Dwight Wyle Laboratories Senior Vice President Bob President Dwight Holland for his website over- Holland for her far-beyond-the-call of duty sup- Ellis was also honored for his sustained and haul efforts. port of "The Branch" and its programs committed support.

998 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 Send information for publication on this page to: Janet L. Sanner 320 Westminister Village Blvd. Sharpesburg, GA. 30277 AEROSPACE NURSING SOCIETY NEWS e-mail: [email protected]

Aerospace Nursing Society ANS Offers Awards to the Krakauer, recognizing appreciation of flight nurses caring for patients) President’s Message Best and the Brightest Honors an AsMA/ANS member for outstanding professional accomplishments The Aerospace Nursing Society (ANS), a The following awards and criteria are in aerospace clinical practice, education constituent organization of the Aerospace listed so that you, the ANS membership, management, and/or research by a com- Nursing Society (AsMA), has been working may nominate your peers to be honored at pany grade officer or civilian equivalent. together since the Annual Scientific Meeting in the annual meeting in May. Next year's (Sponsored by the Krakauer Family). Orlando. We continue to network with the meeting will be May 13-17, 2007, in New parent organization (AsMA) council members Orleans, LA, and promises to be great. toward common goal for the retention and re- BG E.A. Hoefly Award (Named for BG cruitment of members. Mary T. Klinker, Flight Nurse of the E.A. Hoefly, AF/SGN from 1968-74) Recognizes AsMA/ANS member for We desire to fellowship with all of the Year Award (Named for Capt Mary T. Aerospace Medicine Association members. significant contributions to, or achieve- Klinker, Flight Nurse killed in C-5A crash ments in, the field of nursing (other than The Executive Council has been extremely during Operation BABYLIFT) supportive of ANS. Our Aerospace Nursing flight nursing) by a company grade officer Recognizes AsMA member for signifi- or civilian equivalent. Society is valued. Now is the time to regroup cant contributions to, or achievements in, and work together a team. Let’s utilize a seam- the field of aeromedical evacuation. Edward R. Iversen Sr., Allied Health less effective communication pathway so that (Sponsored by The Aerospace Nursing Professional of the Year Award (tech- we can continue to accomplish common goals Society). nician level award) (Named for Mr Edward for the organization by sharing the science and Format: See Annual Award form pub- R. Iversen Sr., a WWII enlisted Navy member spreading the word to existing and new mem- lished on website at www.asma.org for in appreciation of EMT/Paramedic assistance) bers. details. Recognizes AsMA/ANS member or Based on a component of the ANS Submit by December 15 to: technician member (membership require- Membership Survey that our past president, AsMA Awards Committee Chair, CDR ment waived until 2009) for significant Dan Roper, compiled and extrapolated data Andrew Bellenkes: contributions to, of achievements in, the that relates to what our nursing members [email protected] would like included in their membership was field of in-flight medical care. (Sponsored taken to the AsMA Council Members in For the following three awards--- by the Iversen Family). Orlando. Nursing members would like to see Format: 1 page single spaced or 2 page more personal value included in the member- double spaced narrative BG Claire M. Garrecht Award (Named ship for them. In order to meet the needs of all Submit by March 15 to: for BG Claire M. Garrecht, AF/SGN from the aeromedical professions, we agreed that it Awards Committee Chair/ANS 1974-78) is most important to submit abstracts, partici- Charles R. Tupper Recognizes AsMA/ANS member for pate in large numbers in the parent organiza- 2326 Blue Shutter Road the best scientific paper presented at the tion activities and committees. ANS hear from Edisto Island, SC 29438-6620 AsMA Annual Meeting. (Sponsored by the members in order determine what would [email protected] Educational Enterprises, Inc) be stimulating to them. Please send me some Format: Submit entire paper clear format messages. I will be very glad to Hans Krakauer, Junior Flight Nurse Submit by March 15 to the Awards present your ideas to the entire association. of the Year Award (Named for Dr. Hans Committee Chair/ANS. To become involved in an AsMA commit- tee, sign onto the website address: www.asma.org/aboutasma/committees.php. AMA, from p. 994. A wide array of Medicare and Medicaid It is most important to be active; the organiza- physicians is available and widely commu- issues were addressed including the critical tion needs a nursing voice. We do add value nicated to address the critical needs of those Medicare reimbursement policy which af- and we need to share our unique experiences colleagues directly affected by natural dis- fects TRICARE reimbursement. This issue in Aerospace Nursing in the form of written asters such as Hurricane Katrina. continues to get our focused attention due articles related to past or present air transport The AMA also adopted policy to com- to the negative impact on access to care for experiences. In communication, narratives are mend the Institute of Medicine on its report many of our Association constituents if a excellent educational methods to share infor- "In the Nation's Compelling Interest: workable solution can not be found to avert mation with others now and with future gen- Ensuring Diversity in the Health Care projected substantial provider reimburse- erations. Workforce." Further it was agreed to en- ment decreases over the next 5 years. Let us not forget our members and fellow courage medical schools, institutions, orga- We are pleased to note that the newly countrymen who are going to be deployed or nizations and others in the health care in- elected President-elect of the AMA is Dr. are already deployed. Welcome home those dustry to adopt these high value diversity Ron Davis, a preventive medicine specialist members returning home from deployment. It goals quickly and effectively. and long-time member of our AMA Section is important that we keep them in our The AMA resolved that major, compre- Council on Preventive Medicine. We would thoughts, and continue our support for the hensive health system reform, which at a hope to host him at our annual meeting duty time that they provide to our great global minimum would achieve access to quality during his landmark tenure as the leader of society. Continue to be safe as you serve. healthcare for all Americans, be given the organized medicine in the U.S. Remember, Janet L. Sanner, RN, MSN, COHN-S, CCM highest priority for the AMA. This would our leadership voice in aviation, space, and President, Aerospace Nursing Society include reform of medical liability, environmental medicine at the national Medicare and Medicaid, insurance cover- level is in great part due to our highly re- age, health care disparities, prevention, spected participation in the AMA. Our par- Join the Aerospace Nurses Society! quality and patient safety. ticipation in turn is only possible through Dues are just $10 ($5 allied health profes- The AMA House voted to support a re- your membership in AMA as well as our sionals). For further information, contact: quirement that individuals and families Association. Diane Fletcher, ANS Treasurer earning greater than 500% of the Federal We most strongly encourage all our PSC 2, Box 10849, poverty level obtain at a minimum, cover- members eligible for AMA membership to APO AE 09012. age catastrophic health care and evidence make the commitment and join to support [email protected]. based preventive health care services. us in this critical endeavor.

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Send information for publication on this page to: Dale Orford 15516 E Acacia Way, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268 WING NEWS & NOTES 480-837-7919; [email protected]

Message from Our President: has scoped out some great sites for our Lynn Weiss is a native New Yorker. She be- Hospitality/Registration Room, the Welcome came a registered nurse after she married and Aloha Wing Sisters! Reception and the Wednesday Luncheon. her husband, Bernie, in his surgical practice More details will follow in upcoming Wing before they retired to New Orleans. Lynn and After the fabulous meeting in Orlan-do, re- pages, so be sure to keep checking this page Bernie enjoy traveling. Their first cruise was to newing friendships and making new friends, I during the year. Antarctica in 1987 on the World Discoverer, an think we can consider ourselves "sisters"! A I hope that you all have has a lovely sum- expedition cruise. They must have enjoyed the huge thank you once again to Trish and her mer and are looking forward to fall activities. cold, as they followed that up with a cruise to board for all their work in making it such a Here in Hawaii, we don’t have the beautiful Greenland aboard a Russian ice-breaker. They wonderful time. fall foliage, so those of you who do, please even had a picnic on the ice! They circled all of That is one of the things I love about being enjoy it for me! the time zones before returning to Spitz- a member of the Wing. Not only do I have the A Hui Hou until next time! bergen via Franz Joseph Land. Last year took opportunity to develop friendships from all Conoly them to China and Mongolia - they left just 2 over the world, but I also have the opportu- days before Hurricane Katrina hit and so nity to explore new places...and sometimes, I Meet the Wing's Board: missed all of the excitement. As Tours commit- get to re-discover favorite places I have visited teeco-chair, Lynn will have lots of ideas about before. I always look forward to our annual New Orleans 2007 what to see and do in New Orleans, and we meeting with great anticipation! are looking forward to exploring her adopted Diane Okonsky-Hudson, Lin Beane and I The Wing is pleased to welcome back so city. joined forces for the New Orleans site visit in many returning Board members - your contin- Dianne Okonsky-Hudson , was born at July. Wow! We are going to have a fabulous ued participation, hard work, and enthusiasm Camp Pendleton, CA, the daughter of a career meeting in 2007. The city's motto is "Let the for the Wing is greatly appreciated. It is what Marine, and has followed her father into the good times roll!" and that is exactly what we makes the Wing such a wonderful organiza- Armed Forces. After completing nursing are going to be doing! We will be situated in tion. We are also delighted to introduce several school, Dianne worked in Monterey, CA, be- two stunning hotels, the Sheraton and the new members to this year's slate. Dianne fore deciding to pursue a Nurse Practioner de- Marriott, that face each other across historic Okonsky-Hudson will be handling the very gree during which time she was recruited into Canal Street with views of the mighty important task of Arrangements; Nedra the Navy. One of her most memorable tours Mississippi River on one side and the classic Musashe and Brigitte Pongratz will be orga- was in Guam, where she received the Ancient streetcars and French Quarter on another. The nizing the Hospitality Suite, and Lynn Weiss Order of the Chamorri, an honor bestowed hotels are right on the edge of the French will be joining Melinda Beane in setting up the upon individuals who have made a difference Quarter with wonderful restaurants and shop- Tours. in the lives of the people of Guam, presented ping galore. Brigitte Pongratz grew up in the small by the Governor of Guam. Dianne and her If you love antiques, Royal Street is lined town of Bamberg, north of Bavaria in husband, George, currently reside in Orlando, with beautiful shops. If you love the hustle Germany before moving on to Munich, where where George is in medical practice. They and bustle, cling and clang of the casino, she currently lives with her husband, Hans. were married in December of 2002, but as they world famous Harrah's is one block down and She attended the University of Munich, stud- are both reservists, they weren't too sure that the Riverwalk Market-place is just on the other ied medicine, and later trained at the Central the wedding was going to happen. George side. The famous French Market, Jackson Hospital of Starnberg just north of Munich had received orders to "stand-by"! Fortunately, Square, and the St. Louis Cathedral are all where her father was the head of the the ceremony went off without a hitch, but within walking distance. Radiology Division. In 1985 she began her several weeks later, they were both recalled Our biggest problem is going to be decid- practice as a general practitioner with certifica- and ended up at posts about 9 hours apart. ing which of the many tours and activities to tion in naturopathic medicine and continues Dianne currently works for the University of schedule! Lin is going to be checking out the her work at a clinic in Munich. The Pon-gratz's Central Florida student health department and many possibilities. Some of her ideas included have three children - Eleonore and Hans, both continues to drill as an executive officer for a a morning at a New Orleans Cooking School, born at Brooks, and younger son, Andreas. unit out of Jacksonville, FL. In addition, a trip on the river in a paddle wheeler, a visit When not working, Brigitte spends most of Dianne volunteers at her local health clinic, to the aquarium, or a tour of the beautiful old her time mountain hiking, reading, listening to community schools, and church. Amazingly, plantations. We are all going to wish we had music, gardening, sailing and bee-keeping at a she still finds time for a few hobbies, including several extra days to explore the area! Dianne small weekend house outside of Munich. needlework, gardening, physical fitness, cook- ing, reading and travel. Dianne brings a great deal of energy and enthusiasm to her role as our Arrangements Chair, and we look forward to her continued support of the Wing.

(Left) 2006-07 WING BOARD. (Above) Harriet Hodgson checks out the Florida wildlife.

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Send information for publication on this page to: News of Members Aerospace Medical Association 320 S. Henry Street Alexandria, VA 22314-3579 NEWS OF MEMBERS [email protected]

David R. Jones, MD, MPH, is almost at the Gisselle Vargas joins staff Specifications Institute for 10 years, where point of being fully retired, which means he‘s she worked her way up from receptionist to looking at a lifetime accumulation of papers, Gisselle Vargas has joined the AsMA customer service, to quality assurance, to in- books, and other accretions. Through corre- Home Office staff. She is our new Office formation technology. spondence with Richard Jennings, MD, MPH, Manager. In addition, she will be our Gisselle is a native of Brooklyn, NY. Her he has made arrange- Information Technol- parents hale from the Dominican Republic ments to ship boxes of ogy person and per- and Puerto Rico. She has a younger brother. these materials to the form many of the She currently lives in Woodbridge, VA.. She University of Texas Administrative loves singing and writing music. You can Medical Branch in Assistant duties that contact Gisselle at the home office at (703) Galveston, TX, at their Jackie Carter did for so 739-2240, x104; [email protected]. expense. There his many years at AsMA. “stuff” will be sorted (Jackie retired at the INDEX TO ADVERTISERS and classified by librari- end of June). Aerospace Medical Association ans at the Charles A. Gisselle is currently Call for Papers ...... iii Berry Space Medicine studying Criminal Corporate Members ...... 1002 Library, a section of Justice and Psychology their larger History of Medicine collection. The Information for Authors . .Cover III at Northern Virginia Community College. Membership Application ...... ii value of such disposition of aeromedical/psy- Before coming to work for AsMA she had chiatric documentation lies in its availability to been employed by the Construction ETC ...... Cover IV future students and scholars who wish to pur- sue their own interests in these fields. Donation to an aeromedical library—and EETINGS ALENDAR Performance in Extreme Environments. Info: there are several in the U.S. and abroad—as- M C Jason Kring, (386)323-8045; sures public access through the Internet and 2006-2007 [email protected], http://hpee.org/. its search engines, as well as by visits to the li- October 16-20, 2006, San Francisco, CA. brary itself. Dr. Jones hopes that others of his September 10-14, 2006, Bangalore, India. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 50th generation will consider such measures. 54th International Congress of Aviation and Annual Meeting. Info: [email protected]; Space Medicine. This meeting is being hosted http://www.hfes.org/web/HFESMeetings/06an- CDR Andy Bellenkes, USN, Colorado by the Indian Society of Aerospace Medicine. nualmeeting.html Springs, CO, has recently had a permanent A preliminary registration form may be found October 16-20, 2006, Moscow, Russia. change of station to Military Assistant at http://www.isam-india.org/ 5th International Scientific and Practical Professor, U.S. Air Force Academy, Behavioral conference44/newreg.php. Congress. For more info, please call Mr. Sciences & Leadership Dept., Colorado September 30-October 1, 2006, National Valentin Vlasov at 095-953-5842, or Mrs. Dina Springs, CO. This is an Space Center, Leicester, UK. 3rd UK Space Valeeva or Mrs. Natalia Mitrokhina at "exchange billet" that Medicine Conference. For more information, phone/fax 095-239-9851; or e-mail the Navy has had in please contact Alyson Calder: [email protected], attn: Mr. Vlasov V.D. or e-mail this department at the [email protected]. [email protected], attn: Mr. Gabbasov I.Z.; Academy for many October 5-8, 2006, Ottawa, Canada. Civil or by fax at 095-953-3508. years. It is traditionally Aviation Medical Association Annual Scientific October 19-21, 2006, Kauai, Hawaii. occupied by a Navy Meeting. Info: Jim Harris, CAMA, P.O. Box US/Japan Panel on Diving Physiology, Diving Aerospace Experimen- 23864, Oklahoma city, OK 73123-2864; (405) Technology, and Aerospace Medicine biennial tal or Research Psychol- 840-0199; [email protected]. meeting. Abstracts are to be submitted to Don ogist. Andy will be October 5-7, 2006, La Jolla, CA. The Chandler at [email protected] or submit- teaching a course of his Frontiers of Clinical Investigation: Bench to ted online at http://www.uhms.org own design on Aviation Bedside. For more information, please visit: /Meetings/US_JAPAN/UJNR_06.ASP. Psychology and Human http://www.nature.com/nm/meetings/cii/ October 23-25, 2006, Reno, NV. SAFE Factors. Next semester he continues this series index.html Association 44th Annual Symposium. For with a course on Human Error and will also October 10, 2006, Arlington, VA. more info: Ms. Jeani Benton, (541) 895-3012; become Director for the department's Human Pandemic Influenza: Principles and Techniques [email protected]; www.safeassociation.org. Factors program. CDR Bellenkes received his for Communicating Effectively in High Stress November 2-3, 2006, London, UK. 3rd the Meritorious Service Medal for accom- and High Concern Situations Workshop at the Aviation Health: Tackling the Issues, Full de- plishments whilst serving in his former posi- Sheraton National Hotel. For more informa- tails can be found at www.quaynote.com or tion as Head, Science & Technology/ Research tion, contact Pamela Greenstein at 703-807- contact Alison Singhal via e-mail or phone & Development, Chief of Naval Operations, 2758 or at [email protected] or +44 (0) 20 8374 6474 Washington, DC. visit www.homelanddefensejournal.com/ November 8-11.2006, Huatulco, hdl/conf_fluworkshop.htm Oaxaca, México. XXIII International New Members October 11-14, 2006, Chicago, IL. 2006 Meeting of Aerospace Medicine, sponsored Babicki, Joseph W., B.Sc., M.B., B.S., London, Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Fall by the Mexican Association on Aviation UK Meeting. Info: BMES, (301) 459-1999 ; Medicine,A,C. General Theme: Advances in Flatt, Justin, M.B., B.Ch., BAO, Magheralin, [email protected], http://www.bmes.org. Clinical Aerospace Medicine. For additional UK October 11-12, 2006, Arlington, VA. information,please contact: Jayasinghe, Anoma D., M.B., B.S., M.D., Preparing for Pandemic Influenza. For more in- www.amma.org.mx or [email protected] Katunayake, Sri Lanka formation, contact Pamela at 703-807-2758 or November 9-12, 2006, Eilat, Israel. Air Piazza, Thomas R., M.D., M.P.H., San at [email protected] or visit Travel and Health. This symposium will deal Antonio, TX www.homelanddefensejournal.com/hdl/conf_i with flight physiology and a wide array of Sullivan, Michael S., LCDR, MC, USN, nfluenza.htm health issues in air travelers. For more info, Beaufort, SC October 15-16, 2006, San Francisco, CA. visit www.palexconventions.co.il/ath2006. Vuorio, Alpo, M.D., Ph.D., Finnair, Finland 4th Annual Meeting of the Society for Human

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006 1001 Corporate and Sustaining Members of the Aerospace Medical Association

The financial resources of individual members alone cannot sustain the Association’s pursuit of its broad national goals and ob- jectives. Its 77-year history is documented by innumerable medical contributions toward flying health and safety that have be- come daily expectations by the world’s entire flying population—commercial, military, and private aviation. However, support from private and industrial sources is essential. The following organizations, who share the Association’s objectives or have ben- efitted from its past or current activities, have affirmed their support of the Association through Corporate Membership.

Aeromedic Innovations International SOS Assistance, Inc. Air Canada Japan Airlines Air Line Pilots Association Kelsey-Seybold Clinic Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Korean Air Force Safety Center (AFSC) AirSep Corporation Lockheed Martin Corporation American Airlines Martin-Baker Aircraft Company Ltd. Autoflug Libelle GmbH Mayo Clinic Aerospace Medicine Aviation Medicine Center at UTMB MedAire, Inc. Baxter Healthcare Corporation Pilot Medical Solutions, Inc. Bionetics Corporation Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Carleton Life Support Systems Inc. South African Airways Comprehensive Health Services, Inc. SpecPro, Inc. David Clark Company, Inc. Stereo Optical Company, Inc. Education Enterprises, Inc. United Airlines Environmental Tectonics Corporation United States Aviation Underwriters Essilor of America/Varilux Universities Space Research Gentex Corporation Association (USRA-DSLS) International Federation of Air Line Harvey W. Watt & Company Pilots Associations Wyle Laboratories, Inc.

1002 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine • Vol. 77, No. 9 • September 2006