Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Current Trends and Future Strategies
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Vehicle Conversions, Retrofits, and Repowers ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE CONVERSIONS, RETROFITS, and REPOWERS
What Fleets Need to Know About Alternative Fuel Vehicle Conversions, Retrofits, and Repowers ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE CONVERSIONS, RETROFITS, AND REPOWERS Acknowledgments This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, the Manager and Operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. This work was made possible through funding provided by National Clean Cities Program Director and DOE Vehicle Technologies Office Deployment Manager Dennis Smith. This publication is part of a series. For other lessons learned from the Clean Cities American Recovery and Reinvestment (ARRA) projects, please refer to the following publications: • American Recovery and Reinvestment Act – Clean Cities Project Awards (DOE/GO-102016-4855 - August 2016) • Designing a Successful Transportation Project – Lessons Learned from the Clean Cities American Recovery and Reinvestment Projects (DOE/GO-102017-4955 - September 2017) Authors Kay Kelly and John Gonzales, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Disclaimer This document is not intended for use as a “how to” guide for individuals or organizations performing a conversion, repower, or retrofit. Instead, it is intended to be used as a guide and resource document for informational purposes only. VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE | cleancities.energy.gov 2 ALTERNATIVE FUEL VEHICLE CONVERSIONS, RETROFITS, AND REPOWERS Table of Contents Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................................5 -
Metis Design Corporation (MDC)
40 kW Turbo-Alternator Hybrid-Electric Range Extender AHS Transformative Vertical Flight Concepts Workshop Rory Keogh, Ph.D. Lead Propulsion Engineer August 2015 structural health monitoring multi-functional materials lean enterprise solutions 1501 Mariposa St • San Francisco, CA 94107 • 415.572.1843 • http://www.metisdesign.com Metis Design Corporation (MDC) Overview • Introduction to Metis Design • Project Background • Technology Overview – Turbomachinery and generator – Waste heat recovery (recuperation) – Performance metrics and scalability – Noise • Summary © 2015 Metis Design Corporation Microturbine Range Extender 2 of 32 Metis Design Corporation (MDC) • Offer novel multi-disciplinary defense, aerospace & energy solutions • Diverse engineering staff solid fundamental principles (10/14 staff hold Ph.D.’s) hands-on experience from 42 SBIR/BAA contracts over 12 years Boston MA headquarters & satellite offices in CA & NM • MDC has invented multiple disruptive technologies Microturbine range extender Carbon nanotube (CNT) de-icing & anti-icing system for composite wings Distributed SHM/HUMS sensor digital infrastructure © 2015 Metis Design Corporation Microturbine Range Extender 3 of 32 Background Projects Micro-Turbofan for small scale high performance aircraft Turbo-generator to flight test sub-scale electric aircraft Microturbine battery electric vehicle range extender Microturbine for residential combined heat and power © 2015 Metis Design Corporation Microturbine Range Extender 4 of 32 Metis Design Corporation (MDC) • Rory Keogh Joined Metis Design in 2010 to lead DARPA funded jet engine project B.E. Mech. from NUI Galway, M.S. & Ph.D. from MIT Dept. of Aero and Astronautics 5 years experience at Boeing (Mechanical Systems) and 6 years management consulting • Greg Thomas Joined Metis Design in 2010 to work on DARPA funded jet engine project M.Eng. -
RC Baja: Drivetrain Nick Paulay [email protected]
Central Washington University ScholarWorks@CWU All Undergraduate Projects Undergraduate Student Projects Winter 2019 RC Baja: DriveTrain Nick Paulay [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/undergradproj Part of the Mechanical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Paulay, Nick, "RC Baja: DriveTrain" (2019). All Undergraduate Projects. 79. https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/undergradproj/79 This Undergraduate Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Student Projects at ScholarWorks@CWU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Undergraduate Projects by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@CWU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Central Washington University MET Senior Capstone Projects RC Baja: Drivetrain By Nick Paulay (Partner: Hunter Jacobson-RC Baja Suspension & Steering) 1 Table of Contents Introduction Description Motivation Function Statement Requirements Engineering Merit Scope of Effort Success Criteria Design and Analyses Approach: Proposed Solution Design Description Benchmark Performance Predictions Description of Analyses Scope of Testing and Evaluation Analyses Tolerances, Kinematics, Ergonomics, etc. Technical Risk Analysis Methods and Construction Construction Description Drawing Tree Parts list Manufacturing issues Testing Methods Introduction Method/Approach/Procedure description Deliverables Budget/Schedule/Project Management Proposed Budget Proposed Schedule Project Management Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements References Appendix A – Analyses Appendix B – Drawings Appendix C – Parts List Appendix D – Budget Appendix E – Schedule Appendix F - Expertise and Resources 2 Appendix G –Testing Data Appendix H – Evaluation Sheet Appendix I – Testing Report Appendix J – Resume 3 Abstract The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) annually hosts an RC Baja challenge, testing a RC car in three events: slalom, acceleration and Baja. -
Mclaren - the CARS
McLAREN - THE CARS Copyright © 2011 Coterie Press Ltd/McLaren Group Ltd McLAREN - THE CARS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION WILLIAM TAYLOR WILLIAM TAYLOR Bruce Leslie McLaren’s earliest competitive driving While he was learning how to compete at this level, the experiences came at the wheel of a highly modified 1929 Ulster period was of crucial importance to Bruce when it Austin Ulster, an open-topped version of Britain’s cheap came to gaining an understanding of the mechanical side and ubiquitous Austin Seven. Spurred on by his father, of the sport. As a result, by the early 1950s he was already Les, a skilled engineer and a keen motorsports a highly capable and ingenious mechanic, something he enthusiast, Bruce’s initiation into the relatively small ably demonstrated when the Ulster’s cylinder head community of New Zealand and Australian racing drivers eventually cracked. Rescuing a suitable replacement from took place at a hillclimb at Muriwai Beach in 1952. It a humble 1936 Austin Ruby saloon, he filled the combustion was about 25 miles from the McLaren family home in chambers with bronze which he then expertly ground to the Auckland, and happened to be part of their holiday appropriate shape using a rotary file. Once the engine was home. He had just turned 15. reassembled the Ulster proved good for 87mph, a 20 per cent improvement on its official quoted maximum of 72mph. The Ulster had already been in the family for almost three years, having been acquired by Les, in many pieces, for Thereafter such detail improvements came one after another. -
Features & Options Guide Download
570S Sports Series Standard specifications and options guide 1 Contents Introduction 3 Standard Features 4 Exterior Colours 7 Wheels 8 Brake Calipers 9 Packs 10 Optional Features 13 Technical Highlights 17 Warranty & Servicing 18 2 For the drive Our Sports Series brings blistering McLaren performance to the sports car category. As alive on the road as it is on the track. Fusing the thrill of a McLaren supercar with day-to-day usability. The 570S puts you centre stage. This is a car that delivers serious fun. That seriously demands to be driven. A racing-inspired McLaren 3.8 litre twin-turbocharged V8 provides the power. Our ultralight carbon fibre MonoCell II chassis sets it free. The minimalist yet practical cockpit and active dynamics combine for a exhilarating ride. On every surface, and every drive. The result is a sophisticated drive with supercar punch. So you can drive like you mean it… wherever you choose to go. Contents 3 Standard features The technology Adaptive dampers. Electro-hydraulic steering. Your 570S is engineered for an engaging everyday ride. But without compromising supercar speed and handling. That’s why it’s built with our pioneering carbon fibre technology. For a power-to-weight ratio that leaves the rest trailing behind. All to deliver class-leading usability and performance – and an endlessly thrilling drive. Powertrain Driver Assistance M838TE 3.8L twin-turbocharged V8 engine Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) 570 PS/600 Nm torque Dynamic Electronic Stability Control (DESC) Eco start-stop system with deactivation -
Morgan Ellis Climate Policy Analyst and Clean Cities Coordinator DNREC [email protected] 302.739.9053
CLEAN TRANSPORTATION IN DELAWARE WILMAPCO’S OUR TOWN CONFERENCE THE PRESENTATION 1) What are alterative fuels? 2) The Fuels 3) What’s Delaware Doing? WHAT ARE ALTERNATIVE FUELED VEHICLES? • “Vehicles that run on a fuel other than traditional petroleum fuels (i.e. gas and diesel)” • Propane • Natural Gas • Electricity • Biodiesel • Ethanol • Hydrogen THERE’S A FUEL FOR EVERY FLEET! DELAWARE’S ALTERNATIVE FUELS • “Vehicles that run on a fuel other than traditional petroleum fuels (i.e. gas and diesel)” • Propane • Natural Gas • Electricity • Biodiesel • Ethanol • Hydrogen THE FUELS PROPANE • By-Product of Natural Gas • Compressed at high pressure to liquefy • Domestic Fuel Source • Great for: • School Busses • Step Vans • Larger Vans • Mid-Sized Vehicles COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (CNG) • Predominately Methane • Uses existing pipeline distribution system to deliver gas • Good for: • Heavy-Duty Trucks • Passenger cars • School Buses • Waste Management Trucks • DNREC trucks PROPANE AND CNG INFRASTRUCTURE • 8 Propane Autogas Stations • 1 CNG Station • Fleet and Public Access with accounts ELECTRIC VEHICLES • Electricity is considered an alternative fuel • Uses electricity from a power source and stores it in batteries • Two types: • Battery Electric • Plug-in Hybrid • Great for: • Passenger Vehicles EV INFRASTRUCTURE • 61 charging stations in Delaware • At 26 locations • 37,000 Charging Stations in the United States • Three types: • Level 1 • Level 2 • D.C. Fast Charging TYPES OF CHARGING STATIONS Charger Current Type Voltage (V) Charging Primary Use Time Level 1 Alternating 120 V 2 to 5 miles Current (AC) per hour of Residential charge Level 2 AC 240 V 10 to 20 miles Residential per hour of and charge Commercial DC Fast Direct Current 480 V 60 to 80 miles (DC) per 20 min. -
Hybrid Electric Vehicles: a Review of Existing Configurations and Thermodynamic Cycles
Review Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A Review of Existing Configurations and Thermodynamic Cycles Rogelio León , Christian Montaleza , José Luis Maldonado , Marcos Tostado-Véliz * and Francisco Jurado Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, EPS Linares, 23700 Jaén, Spain; [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (J.L.M.); [email protected] (F.J.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-953-648580 Abstract: The mobility industry has experienced a fast evolution towards electric-based transport in recent years. Recently, hybrid electric vehicles, which combine electric and conventional combustion systems, have become the most popular alternative by far. This is due to longer autonomy and more extended refueling networks in comparison with the recharging points system, which is still quite limited in some countries. This paper aims to conduct a literature review on thermodynamic models of heat engines used in hybrid electric vehicles and their respective configurations for series, parallel and mixed powertrain. It will discuss the most important models of thermal energy in combustion engines such as the Otto, Atkinson and Miller cycles which are widely used in commercial hybrid electric vehicle models. In short, this work aims at serving as an illustrative but descriptive document, which may be valuable for multiple research and academic purposes. Keywords: hybrid electric vehicle; ignition engines; thermodynamic models; autonomy; hybrid configuration series-parallel-mixed; hybridization; micro-hybrid; mild-hybrid; full-hybrid Citation: León, R.; Montaleza, C.; Maldonado, J.L.; Tostado-Véliz, M.; Jurado, F. Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A Review of Existing Configurations 1. Introduction and Thermodynamic Cycles. -
Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School March 2021 Thermal Management of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors Sanskruta Dhotre University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons Scholar Commons Citation Dhotre, Sanskruta, "Thermal Management of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors" (2021). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8759 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thermal Management of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Supercapacitors by Sanskruta Dhotre A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering University of South Florida Major Professor: Arash Takshi, Ph.D. Ismail Uysal, Ph.D. Wilfrido Moreno, Ph.D. Date of Approval: March 10, 2021 Keywords: Thermal Runaway, Hybrid Battery-Supercapacitor Architecture, Battery Management Systems, Internal heat Generation Copyright © 2021, Sanskruta Dhotre Dedication I wish to dedicate this thesis to my late grandfather, Gurunath Dhotre, who has always inspired me to be the best version of myself, my parents, without whose continuous love and support my academic journey would not have been the same and my brother for encouraging me to soldier on forward no matter what the obstacle. Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my guide Dr. -
ICOM North American LLC Comments
DOCKETED Docket 16-ALT-02 Number: Project Title: 2017-2018 Investment Plan Update for the Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program TN #: 214418 Document Title: ICOM North American LLC Comments: alt-fuel near zero engines and alt- fuel hybrids Description: N/A Filer: System Organization: ICOM North American LLC Submitter Role: Public Submission 11/7/2016 4:47:41 PM Date: Docketed Date: 11/7/2016 Comment Received From: jon vanbogart Submitted On: 11/7/2016 Docket Number: 16-ALT-02 alt-fuel near zero engines and alt-fuel hybrids Additional submitted attachment is included below. November 7, 2016 California Energy Commission 1516 Ninth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 Re: Comments on the 2017-2018 Investment Plan Update for the Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program Dear California Energy Commissioners and Staff, ICOM North America LLC values the opportunity to provide comments on the 2017-2018 Investment Plan Update for the Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program (ARFVTP). While we support the Energy Commission goals and investment in advanced transportation technologies to advance petroleum reduction goals and reduce emission for the State’s climate change initiatives. Near Zero – Lower NOx Engines and Alternative Fuel Hybrid Technology ICOM has provided sustainable fleets solutions for Propane-Autogas since 2004 with over 150 EPA certification covering more than 1000 vehicle platforms. As part of our 2017 strategy and beyond, ICOM will be offering CARB Certified Near Zero - Lower NOx engine technology for both Propane-AutoGas and CNG at or near the 0.02 NOx level for vehicle platforms above 14001 GVWR for both the Ford 6.8L and GM 6.0L engines. -
EPRI Journal--Driving the Solution: the Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle
DRIVING THE SOLUTION THE PLUG-IN HYBRID VEHICLE by Lucy Sanna The Story in Brief As automakers gear up to satisfy a growing market for fuel-efficient hybrid electric vehicles, the next- generation hybrid is already cruis- ing city streets, and it can literally run on empty. The plug-in hybrid charges directly from the electricity grid, but unlike its electric vehicle brethren, it sports a liquid fuel tank for unlimited driving range. The technology is here, the electricity infrastructure is in place, and the plug-in hybrid offers a key to replacing foreign oil with domestic resources for energy indepen- dence, reduced CO2 emissions, and lower fuel costs. DRIVING THE SOLUTION THE PLUG-IN HYBRID VEHICLE by Lucy Sanna n November 2005, the first few proto vide a variety of battery options tailored 2004, more than half of which came from Itype plugin hybrid electric vehicles to specific applications—vehicles that can imports. (PHEVs) will roll onto the streets of New run 20, 30, or even more electric miles.” With growing global demand, particu York City, Kansas City, and Los Angeles Until recently, however, even those larly from China and India, the price of a to demonstrate plugin hybrid technology automakers engaged in conventional barrel of oil is climbing at an unprece in varied environments. Like hybrid vehi hybrid technology have been reluctant to dented rate. The added cost and vulnera cles on the market today, the plugin embrace the PHEV, despite growing rec bility of relying on a strategic energy hybrid uses battery power to supplement ognition of the vehicle’s potential. -
Electric Vehicles in China: BYD Strategies and Government Subsidies
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com RAI Revista de Administração e Inovação 13 (2016) 3–11 http://www.revistas.usp.br/rai Electric vehicles in China: BYD strategies and government subsidies a,∗ b c d Gilmar Masiero , Mario Henrique Ogasavara , Ailton Conde Jussani , Marcelo Luiz Risso a Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil b Programa de Mestrado e Doutorado em Gestão Internacional, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, São Paulo, SP, Brazil c Funda¸cão Instituto de Administra¸cão (FIA), São Paulo, SP, Brazil d Faculdade de Economia, Administra¸cão e Contabilidade, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Received 20 October 2015; accepted 25 January 2016 Available online 13 May 2016 Abstract Central and local governments in China are investing heavily in the development of Electric Vehicles. Businesses and governments all over the world are searching for technological innovations that reduce costs and increase usage of “environmentally friendly” vehicles. China became the largest car producer in 2009 and it is strongly investing in the manufacturing of electric vehicles. This paper examines the incentives provided by Chinese governments (national and local) and the strategies pursued by BYD, the largest Chinese EVs manufacturer. Specifically, our paper helps to show how government support in the form of subsidies combined with effective strategies implemented by BYD helps to explain why this emerging industry has expanded successfully in China. Our study is based on primary data, including interviews with company headquarters and Brazilian subsidiary managers, and secondary data. © 2016 Departamento de Administrac¸ão, Faculdade de Economia, Administrac¸ão e Contabilidade da Universidade de São Paulo - FEA/USP. -
A Review of Range Extenders in Battery Electric Vehicles: Current Progress and Future Perspectives
Review A Review of Range Extenders in Battery Electric Vehicles: Current Progress and Future Perspectives Manh-Kien Tran 1,* , Asad Bhatti 2, Reid Vrolyk 1, Derek Wong 1 , Satyam Panchal 2 , Michael Fowler 1 and Roydon Fraser 2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada; [email protected] (R.V.); [email protected] (D.W.); [email protected] (M.F.) 2 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (R.F.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-519-880-6108 Abstract: Emissions from the transportation sector are significant contributors to climate change and health problems because of the common use of gasoline vehicles. Countries in the world are attempting to transition away from gasoline vehicles and to electric vehicles (EVs), in order to reduce emissions. However, there are several practical limitations with EVs, one of which is the “range anxiety” issue, due to the lack of charging infrastructure, the high cost of long-ranged EVs, and the limited range of affordable EVs. One potential solution to the range anxiety problem is the use of range extenders, to extend the driving range of EVs while optimizing the costs and performance of the vehicles. This paper provides a comprehensive review of different types of EV range extending technologies, including internal combustion engines, free-piston linear generators, fuel cells, micro Citation: Tran, M.-K.; Bhatti, A.; gas turbines, and zinc-air batteries, outlining their definitions, working mechanisms, and some recent Vrolyk, R.; Wong, D.; Panchal, S.; Fowler, M.; Fraser, R.