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Maps Showing Locations of Mines and Prospects in the Butte 1°X2° Quadrangle, Western Montana

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Maps Showing Locations of Mines and Prospects in the Butte 1°X2° Quadrangle, Western Montana U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Maps showing locations of mines and prospects in the Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, western Montana By James E. Elliott, Jeffrey S. Loen, Kristine K. Wise, and Michael J. Blaskowski Pamphlet to accompany MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES MAP I-2050--C j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j J U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Maps showing locations of mines and prospects in the Butte 1 °X2° quadrangle, western Montana By James E. Elliott, JeffreyS. Loen, Kristine K. Wise, and Michael J. Blaskowski Pamphlet to accompany MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES MAP I-2050-C Any use of trade names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey CONTENTS Introduction 1 History of mining 5 Production 8 Data sources and methods of compilation 9 Mines and prospects 9 References cited 10 Sources of data for tables 1 and 2 119 FIGURES 1. Index map showing locations of mining districts and geographic areas, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana 2 2. Principal structures and plutons of the Sapphire thrust plate 5 TABLES 1. Location and description of mines and prospects, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana 12 2. Production data for mining districts and geographic areas, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana 114 3. Mineral deposit types and frequency of each type, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana 124 4. Alphabetical index of site names, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana 125 III INTRODUCTION Montana, is on the eastern edge; and Missoula is near the northwestern comer of the quadrangle. Most of the quad­ rangle is in Granite, Powell, Lewis and Clark, and Jefferson The Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, in west-central Mon­ Counties, and smaller parts are in Missoula, Ravalli, Deer tana, is one of the most mineralized and productive regions in the U.S. Mining districts in this quadrangle, which Lodge, and Silver Bow Counties. The quadrangle includes numerous mountain ranges separated by intermontane val­ include the world famous Butte or Summit Valley district, leys. The continental divide trends nearly south through the have produced a variety of metallic and nonmetallic mineral eastern part of the quadrangle to a point near Butte, and then commodities valued at more than $6.4 billion (at the time of trends generally west near the southern boundary of the production). Because of its importance as a mineral produc­ quadrangle. East of the divide, drainage is to the Missouri ing region, the Butte quadrangle was selected for study by River, and west of the divide, to the Clark Fork, which the U.S. Geological Survey under the Conterminous United heads in the vicinity of Butte. States Mineral Assessment Program (CUSMAP). Under this program, new data on geology, geochemistry, geophys­ ics, geochronology, mineral resources, and remote sensing GEOLOGIC SETTING were collected and synthesized for the purpose of mineral resource assessment. The field·and laboratory studies were The Butte quadrangle contains igneous, metamorphic, supported, in part, by funding from the Geologic Frame­ and sedimentary rocks that range in age from Proterozoic to work and Synthesis Program and the Wilderness Program. Quaternary. Proterozoic, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic sedimen­ This map is one of a number of reports and maps on the tary rocks are abundant and widespread, as are Cretaceous Butte 1°X2° quadrangle. Other publications resulting from and Tertiary plutonic rocks; the latter are in the cores of this study include U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Miscel­ most mountain ranges and are associated with metamorphic laneous Investigation Series Maps 1-2050-A (Rowan and rocks. Volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of Cretaceous and Segal, 1989), 1-2050-B (Rowan and others, 1991), Tertiary ages are found mostly in mountain ranges in the 1-2050-D (Elliott and others, in press a), and 1-2050-E eastern and northern parts of the quadrangle. Intermontane (Elliott and others, in press b); Miscellaneous Field Studies basins are filled by Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary Maps MF-1925 (Wallace, 1987); and Open-File Reports rocks and surficial deposits. 86-292 (Wallace and others, 1986) and 86-0632 (Elliott The sedimentary record begins with rocks of the Belt and others, 1986). Supergroup that were formed during Middle Proterozoic Data for a total of 1,128 mines, prospects, and mineral time when part of the Belt basin occupied the region of the occurrences have been compiled for the Butte quadrangle. Butte quadrangle; clastic and carbonate rocks of the Belt Mineralized sites are distributed throughout the quadrangle, Supergroup have a total thickness of at least 52,000 ft in the but most sites are concentrated in principal mining districts; quadrangle. Mafic dikes and sills were intruded into the Belt 78 percent of the mines, prospects, and occurrences are rocks, probably during Late Proterozoic time. During Pale­ clustered in 47 established mining districts and the remain­ ozoic time, near-shore and shallow-water carbonate and ing 22 percent are more widely scattered in 23 geographic carbonate-bearing clastic sediment was deposited and the areas (fig. 1). The locations of mines and prospects are resulting strata have a total thickness of about 7,900 ft; shown on the map and figures 3-14 and a brief description Paleozoic strata are mainly in the north, central, and of each site and of each district or geographic area is in table northeastern parts of the quadrangle. Mesozoic sedimentary 1 (in pamphlet), which is arranged by mining district or rocks were deposited in a foreland basin that accumulated geographic area. The description of each site includes site about 22,000 ft of clastic and carbonate strata in the central number, name and alternate name(s), location by latitude part of the quadrangle and about 7,900 ft of equivalent strata and longitude, commodities present, geologic setting of site, in the northeastern part of the quadrangle. type of deposit, size of production, type and extent of mine In Late Cretaceous time, numerous stocks and several workings, and sources of data. Data for this report were batholiths were emplaced at mesozonal and epizonal depths. obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Re­ The Boulder, Idaho, Sapphire, and Philipsburg batholiths, source Data System (MRDS; formerly known as the Com­ composed of monzogranite and granodiorite, and numerous puterized Resource Information Bank (CRIB)), from many stocks of diorite, granodiorite, and monzogranite were published and unpublished sources, and from new geologic intruded during Late Cretaceous time. Hydrothermal activ­ field work. ity during and following the waning stages of magmatism formed a variety of mesothermal and epithermal mineral deposits. The Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics, of Late Creta­ GEOGRAPHIC SETTING ceous age, are found as roof pendants and along the margins The Butte quadrangle is bounded by latitudes 46° and of the Boulder batholith and probably represent early 47° Nand longitudes 112° and 114° W (fig. 1). The city of extrusive phases of the magma which later formed the Butte is in the southeastern part; Helena, the state capital of Boulder batholith. 1 EXPLANATION Map Map Map No. Name No. Name No. Name 1 Rattlesnake Creek area 25 Douglas Creek (Gird Creek) district 47 Wolf Creek district 2 Gamet Range area 26 Maxville area 48 Marysville (Silver Creek) district 3 Clinton district 27 Racetrack (Danielsville) district 49 Ophir (Snowshoe Creek, Carpenter 4 Copper Cliff district 28 Philipsburg district Creek) district 5 Coloma district 29 Red Lion (Hidden Lake) district 50 Dog Creek area 6 Gamet (First Chance) district 30 Lost Creek district 51 Austin district 7 Top O'Deep district 31 Blue-Eyed Nellie district 52 Scratchgravel Hills area 8 Elk Creek area 32 Olson Gulch district 53 Sevenmile Creek area 9 Bear Creek area 33 Johnson Basin district 54 Stemwinder Hill area 10 Garrison district 34 Georgetown (Southern Cross, Cable, 55 Helena (Last Chance) district 11 Sapphire Mountains area Gold Coin) district 56 North Boulder Mountains area 12 Welcome Creek district 35 Silver Lake district 57 Elliston district 13 Rock Creek area 36 Anaconda Range area 58 Rimini (Vaughn) district 14 Frog Pond Basin district 37, Deer Lodge Valley area 59 Clancy district 15 Moose Lake district 38 Blackfoot River area 60 Basin (Cataract) district 16 John Long Mountains area 39 Big Blackfoot (Ogden Mountain) 61 Wickes (Colorado) district 17 Alps district district 62 Amazon district 18 Black Pine (Combination) district 40 Lincoln Gulch area 63 Boulder (Comet) district 19 Henderson Creek area 41 McClellan Gulch district 64 Emery (Zosell) district 20 Flint Creek Range area 42 Seven-up Pete Gulch area 65 South Boulder Mountains area 21 Dunkleberg district 43 Stemple-Gould district 66 Oro FiQo district 22 Pioneer (Gold Creek) district 44 Nevada Creek area 67 Lowland district 23 Rose Mountain (Gold Creek)· district 45 Finn district 68 Big Foot (State Creek) district 24 Princeton (Boulder Creek) district 46 Little Prickly Pear area 69 Butte (Summit Valley) district 70 Pipestone district Figure 1 (above and facing page). Index map showing locations of mining districts, geographic areas, and areas of figures 3-14, Butte 1°X2° quadrangle, Montana The development of intermontane valleys during Valley and north of Elliston continued to slip during middle Tertiary time was accompanied by volcanism, erosion, and Tertiary time. Minor Quaternary faulting may be related to sedimentation. Extensive early Tertiary volcanism formed continued activity along some normal faults and along some the Lowland Creek Volcanics in the southeastern part of the strike-slip faults of the Lewis and Clark line.
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