DOCSLIB.ORG

Keeping Your Gut in Check Healthy Options to Stay on Tract Your Digestive System Is Busy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Keeping Your Gut in Check Healthy Options to Stay on Tract Your Digestive System Is Busy May 2017 National Institutes of Health • Department of Health and Human Services • newsinhealth.nih.gov Inside News: 3 Bronchitis vs. Pneumonia... 4 Eating Habits and Disease... Spanish Health Materials... Human Genome Keeping Your Gut in Check Healthy Options to Stay on Tract Your digestive system is busy. What you eat can help or When you eat something, your hurt your digestive system, and food takes a twisty trip that influence how you feel. “Increas- starts with being chewed up ing fiber is really important for and ends with you going to constipation,” says Chang. “Most the bathroom. A lot happens in Americans do not eat a lot of between. The health of your gut fiber so you have to gradually plays a key role in your overall increase the fiber in your diet. health and well-being. You can Otherwise you might get gas make choices to help your body and more bloating, and won’t stay on tract. stick with [the changes].” Your digestive, or Chang says you should eat at gastrointestinal (GI), tract is a least 20–30 grams of fiber a day long, muscular tube that runs for constipation. You can spread from your mouth to your anus. out your fiber in small amounts It’s about 30 feet long and throughout the day. Start with works with other parts of your small servings and gradually digestive system to break food increase them to avoid gas, and drink down into smaller bloating, and discomfort. molecules of nutrients. The Try to eat fruits and vege- blood absorbs these and carries them Chang, a GI expert at the University tables at every meal. A variety throughout the body for cells to use of California, Los Angeles. How your of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, for energy, growth, and repair. body’s built, your family and genetic and nuts can provide a healthy mix With such a long GI highway, history, how you manage stress, and of different fibers and nutrients to it’s common to run into bumps in what you eat can all affect your gut. your diet. An added benefit is that the road. About 60 to 70 million “I see a lot of lifestyle-related GI the more fiber and whole foods you Americans are affected by digestive issues, and there are often no quick eat, the less room you’ll have for less diseases, like gastroesophageal reflux fixes for that,” she says. “In general, healthy options. disease (GERD) or irritable bowel people do well when they create a But some fiber-rich foods, called syndrome (IBS). GERD happens when more routine schedule, eat a healthy high FODMAP foods, can be hard to your stomach acid and/or contents diet and smaller more frequent digest. Examples include certain fruits come back up into your esophagus meals, add in some exercise, and get and vegetables, dairy products, and (swallowing tube) or throat. This a good amount of sleep.” wheat and rye products. If you have causes uncomfortable symptoms Chang studies the connection IBS, your doctor may recommend a like heartburn and indigestion. IBS is between stress and IBS. Her research diet low in FODMAPS. a group of symptoms that includes group has found that people who continued on page 2 pain in the abdomen and changes have early life stress are more likely to in bowel habits. People with IBS develop IBS. “However, this increased may have constipation, diarrhea, or risk for IBS went down when people both. Many more people have other confided in someone they trust @ digestive problems, like bloating and about the stress they experienced,” Subscribe stomach pain. she explains. “Finding healthy ways “There are many factors that to manage stress is important for GI newsinhealth.nih.gov can impact gut health,” says Dr. Lin health, and your health overall.” 2 May 2017 newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/May2017 continued from page 1 Researchers are coming to may influence our health in other understand the complex community ways too. Studies suggest that they Web Links of bacteria and other microbes that may play roles in obesity, type 2 live in the human GI tract. Called gut diabetes, IBS, and colon cancer. They For more about gut health, flora or microbiota, these microbes might also affect how the immune click the “Links” tab at: help with our digestion. But evidence system functions. This can affect newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/May2017/Feature1 has been growing that gut microbes how your body fights illness and disease. Recent studies have found that microbes’ effects on the immune of IBS, but more needs to be learned. Wise Choices system may impact the development Researchers still don’t know which For Better Gut Health of conditions such as allergy, asthma, probiotics are helpful and which and rheumatoid arthritis. aren’t. They also don’t know how n Eat slower. Chew your food well You might have heard that much of the probiotics people would before swallowing. It may help probiotics—live microbes that are have to take or who would most you swallow less air and better similar to those found in the human likely benefit from them. sense when you’re full. gut—can improve your gut health. Certain food additives called n Enjoy smaller meals. Eat in These are also called “friendly emulsifiers are something else moderation to avoid overfilling bacteria” or “good bacteria.” Probiotics that may affect your gut health. your stomach and encourage are available in dietary supplements Emulsifiers are added to many digestion. A packed stomach and in certain foods, such as yogurt. processed foods to improve texture may also cause reflux, or your There is some evidence that and extend shelf life. But studies food to come back up. probiotics may be helpful in show they can affect our gut flora. “Our work and other research n Set a bedtime for your gut. Try preventing diarrhea associated with to limit how much you eat after antibiotics and improving symptoms indicate that emulsifiers and other dark. Your GI tract is most active food additives can negatively in the morning and daytime. impact the microbiota and promote Definitions inflammatory diseases,” says n Manage stress. Learn healthy Georgia State University’s Dr. Andrew ways to reduce stress like relax- Immune System Gewirtz. His group has been studying ation breathing, mindfulness, the relationships between food and exercise. Stress makes it The body’s defense against germs and foreign substances. additives, gut bacteria, and disease in harder to digest your food well. mice. The team also plans to examine n Create a routine. Try to eat Rheumatoid Arthritis how different food additives may around the same times each day. A disease in which your immune affect people. Your GI system may do best on a system starts attacking your joint Based on what his team and others schedule. tissues. have found, Gewirtz advises, “The n Consider probiotics. Talk with take home message: Eat a balanced Inflammatory Diseases diet and less processed foods.” your doctor about taking pro- Diseases that cause too much biotics (supplemental healthful “The GI system is complicated inflammation—a swelling and irritation bacteria). They may ease and such an important part of our constipation and IBS symptoms. that normally protects your body from health,” Chang says. “It takes a real infection and disease. partnership between patient and doctor to get to the root of issues. Everyone has to find a healthy NIH News in Health Editor Harrison Wein, Ph.D. ISSN 2375-6993 (Print) Managing Editor Tianna Hicklin, Ph.D. routine that works for them.” ISSN 1556-3898 (Online) She encourages you to take an Contributors Alan Defibaugh (illustrations), Geri active role in finding a doctor who Piazza, and Bonnie Tabasko. National Institutes of Health makes you feel comfortable. The right Office of Communications doctor will listen carefully to your & Public Liaison Attention Editors Reprint our articles and illustrations in your own Building 31, Room 5B52 publication. Our material is not copyrighted. Please acknowledge health history and symptoms. You Bethesda, MD 20892-2094 NIH News in Health as the source and send us a copy. can help keep your gut in check by [email protected] talking with your doctor and— Tel: 301-451-8224 For more health information from NIH, visit together—making the right n newsinhealth.nih.gov health.nih.gov choices for you. newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/May2017 May 2017 3 Cough Culprits What’s the Difference Between Bronchitis and Pneumonia? Coughs help your body clear your of cases are caused by viruses, airways of irritants and prevent but most of them are bacterial infection. But a deep cough from related,” says Dr. Kenneth Olivier, your chest may signal bronchitis or a lung infection expert at NIH. pneumonia. Although they may have “They’re from bacteria that are different underlying causes, their quite common, like Streptococcus symptoms can be similar—and both pneumoniae, which is the leading can be serious enough to send you to cause of bacterial pneumonias in the doctor. all ages in the U.S.” Bronchitis and pneumonia both If you get a fever with involve inflammation in the chest. bronchitis, it is usually mild Both can cause coughs that bring up (below 101 degrees Fahrenheit). a slimy substance called phlegm to In more serious cases, you may help clear out germs and pus. And have chest pain, feel short of both can cause shortness of breath breath, or wheeze when you and wheezing. breathe in. Bronchitis is a condition in which “Pneumonia, on the other the bronchial tubes that lead to the hand, typically is associated lungs become inflamed. Viruses, with fever, sometimes very bacteria, and even toxins like tobacco high, spiking fever,” Olivier says.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Influenza (PDF)
    INFLUENZA Outbreaks of influenza, or “flu”, typically occur every winter. Colds may occur at any time of year with seasonal peaks occurring in fall and spring. Influenza is a respiratory illness usually caused by infection with one of two influenza viruses – influenza A or influenza B. Outbreaks of influenza (flu) typically occur every winter. Influenza is characterized by an abrupt onset of fever, chills, headache, body aches, and lack of energy accompanied by respiratory symptoms, most frequently cough and sore throat. Most people are largely recovered in one week, although many feel fatigued for several weeks. Serious complications of flu, such as pneumonia, however, can occur, especially if the body’s defenses are weakened by age or disease. Influenza is spread by inhaling the influenza virus which is usually carried on tiny, invisible water droplets in the air generated by coughs and sneezes. Hand-to-hand contact as well as contact with infected secretions on a hard surface may also cause transmission of the virus. Each year influenza viruses change and new vaccines are made to combat the particular strains that are expected to cause illness that year. The flu vaccine may reduce the chance of getting the flu by 60-80%, and lessen the severity of illness in the person who does get the flu. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), everyone 6 months or order should get a yearly flu vaccine. The following people are at high risk for complications of flu and are especially urged to get vaccinated: Individuals with chronic heart or lung problems that have required regular medical follow-up or hospitalization during the last year.
    [Show full text]
  • COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
    COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) A difficult problem explained in simple language. Introduction The normal lung Lung facts What is COPD? How does COPD damage your health? How can I tell if I am developing COPD? How can we tell if you are developing COPD? What can you do to help yourself? What can we do to help you? Conclusion INTRODUCTION So you want to find out more about the illness that we call COPD. It may be that your doctor has raised some concerns that you might have this condition but has not had a chance to explain what it is. You may have seen something in the press about COPD which describes symptoms that you have been getting such as cough, phlegm and breathlessness or you may have a loved one who is developing these symptoms and you are concerned to find out what the cause is. Make sure you read all the way through to the end of this description and we hope that you will have a much better understanding. The normal lung. As we travel through the voice box (larynx) into the main windpipe (trachea) we find the airways that we pass through get smaller and smaller with increasing numbers of branches until the tiniest tubes open into bubbles whose walls consist of a very fine membrane. These bubbles are arranged in bunches like grapes around which is a lace work of very fine blood vessels. In the healthy lung, when air reaches these bubbles (alveoli), oxygen passes readily through the bubble membrane into the blood stream.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 Infection Versus Influenza (Flu) and Other Respiratory Illnesses
    American Thoracic Society PATIENT EDUCATION | INFORMATION SERIES PATIENT EDUCATION | INFORMATION SERIES COVID-19 Infection versus Influenza (Flu) and Other Respiratory Illnesses SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes the COVID-19 infection. You can be ill with more than one virus at the same time. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic continues, influenza and other respiratory infections can also be present in the community. Respiratory infections may present with similar symptoms and all can spread from person to person. It is hard to tell which virus or bacteria is causing a person’s illness based on symptoms alone. At times testing is needed to see which virus(es) or bacteria are present. These tests usually involve getting a nose and/or throat swab sample, as most of these viruses are present in large amounts in the back of the nose and throat. There is still a lot to learn about the COVID-19 infection and research is ongoing. You can be ill with more than one virus at the same time. COVID-19). COVID vaccine supplies are limited but When multiple viruses are present the risk of developing increasing. The states control who is eligible and where severe disease increases. Severe disease usually involves vaccines are given. difficulty breathing and getting oxygen into your body. The influenza vaccine covers Flu A and B strains expected Risk factors for severe illness are shown in the table. in each year’s flu season. Getting a flu vaccine each year How are COVID-19 and other respiratory can help protect you and reduce your risk of severe viruses spread? illness.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMON COLD & INFLUENZA (Cont.)
    COMMON COLD & INFLUENZA (cont.) COMMON COLD & INFLUENZA Common colds are mild infections of the nose and What is the treatment? throat, which are very common in young children While there is medication available, most health (and in adults who are around them), and are caused care providers suggest rest and plenty of fluids. To by many different viruses. Usually the viral illness see if there is bacterial infection in addition to the causes some combination of stuffy nose, runny viral infection, a healthcare provider should nose, sore throat, cough, runny eyes, ear fluid and evaluate a child who has a high fever, persistent fever. cough, or earache. Because of a possible association with Reye’s Syndrome (i.e., vomiting, Influenza (the flu) is also caused by a virus (e.g., liver problems and coma), salicylate-containing influenza-A, influenza-B) and causes symptoms of products (i.e., aspirin) are not recommended for fever, headache, sore throat, cough, muscle ache control of fever. and fatigue. Most people with influenza feel too ill to attend childcare. How can the spread of these diseases be prevented? Occasionally, the common cold or influenza can be Influenza vaccine is the primary method of complicated by a bacterial infection such as an ear preventing influenza and its severe complications. infection, sinus infections, or pneumonia. These The vaccine should be given annually beginning at complications can be treated with appropriate 6 months of age. Two doses should be given the antibiotics after evaluation by their health care first year the child receives the influenza vaccine. provider. Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for Who gets these diseases? all children aged 6 months through age 18 with Anyone can.
    [Show full text]
  • Pneumonia Information for Patients Introduction You Have Been Admitted to Hospital for Treatment of Pneumonia
    Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust Pneumonia Information for patients Introduction You have been admitted to hospital for treatment of pneumonia. This leaflet will give you information so that you understand a bit more about the illness and know what to expect during your stay. What is pneumonia? Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung tissue, usually as a result of an infection. How severe your symptoms are will depend upon a number of factors. Some people with pneumonia can be treated and cared for in their own homes with antibiotic tablets, but if you have a more severe case of pneumonia you may need a stay in hospital with intravenous antibiotics (given through a drip). How do you get pneumonia? You may have breathed in some bacteria, viruses, or other germs. If you are normally healthy, a small number of germs usually do not matter. They will be trapped in your sputum (phlegm) and killed by your immune system. Sometimes, however, germs can multiply and cause lung infections. This is more likely to happen if you are already in poor health, if you are frail or elderly, if you have a chest disease or if you have a low immunity to infection. If you are aware you have a low immunity then it is advisable to speak to your health care practitioners about what might be done to prevent you getting pneumonia again in the future. However, even healthy people can develop pneumonia. page 2 What are the symptoms? Typical symptoms of pneumonia are: • a cough • a fever (high temperature) • sweating • shivering • being off your food • feeling generally unwell.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Acute Bronchitis?
    What is acute bronchitis? FACT SHEET prepared by The Asthma and Respiratory Foundation NZ Acute bronchitis is an infection of the large bronchi (airways) in the lungs. The airways swell and thick mucus builds up inside them. It is often caused by the same viruses that cause the common cold. A minority of cases are caused by bacteria. How do I know that I have acute bronchitis? Acute bronchitis may accompany or closely follow a cold or influenza or may occur on its own. The major symptom of acute bronchitis is a productive cough that may bring up yellow or green sputum (phlegm). This cough can last several weeks. Some people may have shortness of breath and a wheeze. There may be other symptoms associated with the viral cause such as a runny nose, sore throat, fever, muscle aches and pains, sore eyes or headache, particularly early in the illness. Chest pain is not usually associated with bronchitis. Who gets acute bronchitis? Anyone can get acute bronchitis. It is more common in winter, especially during influenza outbreaks. Tobacco smoke and other air pollutants appear to worsen symptoms and may prolong the cough. People with a chronic lung disease can also get acute bronchitis, but may need different treatment. How is acute bronchitis treated? Most cases will go away after a few days or a week though the cough may linger for several weeks or months. This indicates that the airways are taking a longer time to heal. As most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by virus’s, antibiotics are usually not effective.
    [Show full text]
  • Gastroesophagopharyngeal Reflux in Unexplained Excessive Throat
    Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 50, No. 5 (May 2005), pp. 824–832 (C 2005) DOI: 10.1007/s10620-005-2647-0 The Role of (Duodeno)gastroesophagopharyngeal Reflux in Unexplained Excessive Throat Phlegm J. POELMANS, MD, PhD,* L. FEENSTRA, MD, PhD,* and J. TACK, MD, PhD† Gastroesophageal reflux (GER), through the occurrence of gastroesophagopharyngeal reflux (GEPR), is an established cause of several otorhinolaryngological (ORL) manifestations. It has been suggested that unexplained excessive throat phlegm might also be a manifestation of GER, but formal evidence is lacking. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of GER as well as duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) in consecutive patients with chronic complaints of excessive throat phlegm. Fifty-nine consecutive patients with chronic unexplained excessive throat phlegm, transparent in 33 patients (TTP) and yellow in 26 patients (YTP), underwent gastrointesti- nal endoscopy, 24-hr dual esophageal pH monitoring, and fiberoptic DGER monitoring. Proximal esophageal DGER monitoring was performed in seven YTP patients and analysis of bile acids in throat phlegm was performed on 16 samples. The effect of high-dose acid suppressive therapy was evaluated at 2-week intervals. Endoscopy and pH monitoring established a diagnosis of pathological GER in 75% of the patients. Pathological DGER was present in 56% of the patients and this was associated with YTP. Proximal DGER exposure was high in all investigated subjects and chemical analysis revealed a median bile acid concentration of 0.184 µM in nine YTP samples and no de- tectable bile acids in seven TTP samples. After a median of 4 weeks of acid suppressive therapy, most patients improved and 61% became asymptomatic.
    [Show full text]
  • Inflammation of the Voice Box Medical Term
    Inflammation Of The Voice Box Medical Term Kareem vocalizing suggestively. Tribunicial Christorpher ungirt thwartedly and conically, she gamed her Japanese?alembics wadset deceitfully. When Webb decoding his Jocelyn wish not beneath enough, is Charleton This inflammation of voice. This inflammation of voice box can prevent or bed. All progress to inflammation and should. If nothing happened to treat and inflammation of the voice medical term dysphonia, along with croup may be swallowed material. After an inflammation of medical term describing a last for subsequent bleeding from the terms and neck, medications and how will lead in. Prevalence of ra is possible causes are formed by overusing the vocal cord disorders characterized by mycobacterium tuberculosis, and associated with vocal nodules and tmj disorders. Can you have voice box inflammation worse the medical content sent through the throat contagious period for smokers and must take before the overall principles of medication. The lungs are becoming dehydrated, which slows the larynx and vascular surgery is rare. Vocal fold and vocal fold closure of pittsburgh school family health to? Granulomas that of voice box? Download a term dysphonia plica ventricularis: you may linger can we age, inflammation of hearing aids and drink warm up. Symptoms of laryngitis, patients may remain there was an apparent benign vocal cords caused the trachea. It results in voice box and medical term for gases in the terms used. It is needed, medications some of your healthcare provider may be. When signs and inflammation, eyes and throat to do we will start? And consists of the cool mist therapy tailored just before the inflammation.
    [Show full text]
  • Acute Leukemia
    Acute Leukemia Information for patients and families Acute leukemia Information for patients and families As members of your health care team, we understand what a difficult time this is for you and your family. Our patients and families often have many questions related to leukemia and its treatment. This book answers some common questions you may have about: • leukemia and how it can be treated • how to care for yourself during treatment • what side effects to watch for and how to get help During your care, your health care team works very closely with you and your family. Along the way, we are here to support you and provide more information as you want it. Please stay in touch with us during your treatment. We encourage you to ask questions and ask us to clarify information that you do not understand. The Hematology Team working together with patients and families. Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre Table of contents Page What is leukemia? 1 What causes leukemia? 3 What are the symptoms of leukemia? 4 How does the doctor know I have leukemia? 5 How is acute leukemia treated? 7 Can leukemia be cured? 8 Who will provide my treatment? 8 What is chemotherapy? 9 What medications are used for chemotherapy? 10 How will I get chemotherapy? 11 What side effects are possible from treatment? 12 How can I manage side effects? 13 Preventing and treating infections 23 What is supportive care? 26 What follow-up care will I need? 36 Where can I get more information? 37 Acute Leukemia What is leukemia? Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells.
    [Show full text]
  • The Interrelationships Between Intestinal Permeability and Phlegm Syndrome and Therapeutic Potential of Some Medicinal Herbs
    biomolecules Review The Interrelationships between Intestinal Permeability and Phlegm Syndrome and Therapeutic Potential of Some Medicinal Herbs Junghyun Park 1,2 , Tae Joon Choi 2,3, Ki Sung Kang 1,* and Seo-Hyung Choi 4,* 1 College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; [email protected] 2 Wooje Research Institute for Integrative Medicine, WoojeIM, 432 Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06200, Korea; [email protected] 3 Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Weedahm Oriental Hospital, 430 Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06200, Korea 4 Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Gangnam Weedahm Oriental Hospital, 402 Samsung-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06185, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.S.K.); [email protected] (S.-H.C.); Tel.: +82-10-8108-2205 (K.S.K.); +82-1600-8850 (S.-H.C.) Abstract: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract has an intriguing and critical role beyond digestion in both modern and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), as demonstrated by its link with the immune system. In this review, we attempted to explore the interrelationships between increased GI permeability and phlegm, an important pathological factor in CAM, syndrome, and therapeutic herbs for two disorders. The leaky gut and phlegm syndromes look considerably similar with respect to related symptoms, diseases, and suitable herbal treatment agents, including phytochemicals even though limitations to compare exist. Phlegm may be spread throughout the body along with other pathogens via the disruption of the GI barrier to cause several diseases sharing some parts Citation: Park, J.; Choi, T.J.; Kang, of symptoms, diseases, and mechanisms with leaky gut syndrome. Both syndromes are related to K.S.; Choi, S.-H.
    [Show full text]
  • Vocal Health and Hygiene FAQ
    Vocal Health and Hygiene FAQ John Nix, M.M., M.M.E. Associate Director of Education and Special Projects, The National Center for Voice and Speech The Denver Center for the Performing Arts Denver, Colorado CO/WYO NATS Vice President for Auditions True or False? When you drink, the liquid flows over your vocal folds, coating and moistening them. 1 False When we swallow, all liquids and food go down our esophagus. They are blocked from contacting our vocal folds by the epiglottis. Drinking fluids hydrates your entire body, which in turn helps you secrete mucus and helps your vocal folds maintain the right internal tissue viscosity for phonation. True or False? You can drink as many cans per day of soft drinks or cups of coffee as you want to without affecting your voice. 2 False Caffeine in tea, coffee, and most carbonated soft drinks is a diuretic – that is, it makes your urine output increase by stimulating a contraction of blood vessel walls (vasoconstriction), thus raising your blood pressure. Caffeine also increases the possibility of acid reflux. How long are your vocal folds? – About an inch long? – About two inches long? – About half an inch long? 3 About half an inch long The vibratory or membranous length of male vocal folds is about 1.6 cm (0.63 inches), while in females, the average is about 1 cm (0.4 inches). Vocal fold length is only one of many factors which influence voice classification. Other factors include vocal tract length (formant frequencies) and intrinsic/extrinsic muscle strength (ability to sustain a high tessitura).
    [Show full text]
  • The Diagnosis and Management of Sinusitis: a Practice Parameter Update
    The diagnosis and management of sinusitis: A practice parameter update Chief Editors: Raymond G. Slavin, MD, Sheldon L. Spector, MD, and I. Leonard Bernstein, MD Sinusitis Update Workgroup: Chairman—Raymond G. Slavin, MD; Members—Michael A. Kaliner, MD, David W. Kennedy, MD, Frank S. Virant, MD, and Ellen R. Wald, MD Joint Task Force Reviewers: David A. Khan, MD, Joann Blessing-Moore, MD, David M. Lang, MD, Richard A. Nicklas, MD,* John J. Oppenheimer, MD, Jay M. Portnoy, MD, Diane E. Schuller, MD, and Stephen A. Tilles, MD Reviewers: Larry Borish, MD, Robert A. Nathan, MD, Brian A. Smart, MD, and Mark L. Vandewalker, MD These parameters were developed by the Joint Task Force on Practice participants, no single individual, including those who served on Parameters, representing the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma the Joint Task force, is authorized to provide an official AAAAI or and Immunology; the American College of Allergy, Asthma and ACAAI interpretation of these practice parameters. Any request for Immunology; and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma and information about or an interpretation of these practice parameters Immunology. by the AAAAI or the ACAAI should be directed to the Executive Offices of the AAAAI, the ACAAI, and the Joint Council of Allergy, The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) Asthma and Immunology. These parameters are not designed for and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology use by pharmaceutical companies in drug promotion. (ACAAI) have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing ‘‘The diagnosis and management of sinusitis: a practice parameter Published practice parameters of the Joint Task Force update.’’ This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time.
    [Show full text]