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Nonpoint Source Pollution Assessment Report Final

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Nonpoint Source Pollution Assessment Report Final LITTLE TRAVERSE BAY BANDS OF ODAWA INDIANS Nonpoint Source Pollution Assessment Report Final Under Section 319 of the Clean Water Act August 2017 Prepared By: Caroline Keson, Water Quality Specialist Lauren Dey, Water Quality Technician Acknowledgements: Environmental Consulting & Technology, Inc. James Keiser, GIS Coordinator Kira Davis, former Water Quality Specialist 319 Assessment Report LTBB CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ iv List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... iv List of Appendices ......................................................................................................................................... v OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 2 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Water Quality Monitoring ......................................................................................................................... 3 Wetland Monitoring ................................................................................................................................. 4 GIS Analysis ............................................................................................................................................... 5 LAND USE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 6 SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY ................................................................................................... 10 Surface Water ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Groundwater ........................................................................................................................................... 15 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................................................... 19 Overview of Results ................................................................................................................................ 19 Boyne River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050205) ........................................................................ 22 Brush Creek Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040203) ....................................................................... 22 Burt Lake Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040209) ............................................................................ 25 Carp Lake River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050602) .................................................................. 25 Cold Creek-Maple River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040206) ..................................................... 26 Crooked River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040208) .................................................................... 27 Douglas Lake Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040205) ...................................................................... 30 Five Mile Creek-Frontal Lake MI Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050605) ........................................ 31 Four Lakes/Maple River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040204) ..................................................... 33 French Farm Creek-Frontal Trails End Bay Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050601) ........................ 33 Horseshoe Bend-Frontal Lake MI Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050604) ...................................... 34 Loeb Creek-Lake Charlevoix Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050207) .............................................. 35 Maple Hill Cemetery-Bear River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050103) ........................................ 36 Maple River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700040207) ....................................................................... 37 Mill Creek-Frontal Lake Huron Subwatershed (HUC code: 040700030101) .......................................... 39 Minnehaha Creek Subwatershed (HUC code: 04070040201) ................................................................ 40 ii 319 Assessment Report LTBB North Branch Boyne River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050203) ................................................. 40 Pickerel Lake Subwatershed (HUC code: 04070040202) ........................................................................ 41 Roaring Brook-Frontal Lake MI Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050606) .......................................... 42 South Arm Lake Charlevoix Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050206)................................................ 45 Spring Brook Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050101) ...................................................................... 47 Susan Creek-Frontal Lake Michigan Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050607) .................................. 47 Walloon Lake-Bear River Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050102) ................................................... 50 Wycamp Creek-Frontal Lake Michigan Subwatershed (HUC code: 040601050603) .............................. 51 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................................. 54 NPS Pollution Category: Agriculture and Aquaculture ........................................................................... 55 NPS Pollution Category: Hydromodification, Habitat Alteration, and Riparian Management ............... 55 NPS Pollution Category: Other ................................................................................................................ 57 NPS Pollution Category: Transportation Infrastructure .......................................................................... 57 NPS Pollution Category: Urban ............................................................................................................... 57 SELECTION OF BMPS ................................................................................................................................... 58 Core Participants ..................................................................................................................................... 59 Public Participation and Governmental Coordination ............................................................................ 59 Existing BMPS .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Pollution Reduction................................................................................................................................. 60 EXISTING NPS CONTROL PROGRAMS.......................................................................................................... 62 National Focus......................................................................................................................................... 62 State/Regional Focus .............................................................................................................................. 63 Local Focus .............................................................................................................................................. 64 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 65 ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................................. 67 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 68 iii 319 Assessment Report LTBB LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Land use within reservation boundary. Cover types used as undeveloped land are highlighted in green, while developed cover types are highlighted in red. ........................................................................ 8 Table 2. Land use on LTBB-owned properties. Cover types used as undeveloped land are highlighted in green, while developed cover types are highlighted in red. ........................................................................ 9 Table 3. LTBB’s number of enrolled citizens (4,564 as of October 2016) can be compared to select municipalities on reservation. ...................................................................................................................... 9 Table 4. Categories and subcategories of NPS pollution identified in and around LTBB reservation. ....... 10 Table 5. Atlas of watersheds within and adjacent to LTBB reservation. .................................................... 12 Table 6. Atlas of water resources on LTBB reservation. ............................................................................. 13 Table 7. Water quality standards are derived from various sources, but are not approved by the EPA. (All standards are taken directly from source unless otherwise noted.) .........................................................
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