Moral Sentiments and Material Interests
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Herbert Gintis – Samuel Bowles – Their Distribution Preferences, and That They Robert Boyd – Ernst Fehr (Eds.): Moral Do So Differently in Different Situations
Sociologický časopis/Czech Sociological Review, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 6 social capital theory, which shows that so- the face of the evolutionary logic in which cial collaboration is built on social networks material advantages can be achieved by that underlie norms of reciprocity and trust- adopting self-interested preferences? worthiness. The development of these pro- social dispositions is in turn enabled in so- Clara Sabbagh cieties that further extra-familial ties and University of Haifa disregard or transcend purely ‘amoral fa- [email protected] milist’ interactions [Banfi eld 1958]. This research project nevertheless References leaves several unresolved problems. First, Banfi eld, Edward C. 1958. The Moral Basis of a Backward Society. Glencoe, IL: Free Press. there is the problem of causality, which de- Camerer, Colin F. 2003. Behavioral Game Theory. rives from a major theoretical dilemma in New York: Russell Sage. the social sciences. To what extent are pro- Deutsch, Morton. 1985. Distributive Justice. New social dispositions the result of structur- Haven: Yale University Press. al constraints, such as market integration, Giddens, Anthony. 1997. Sociology. Cambridge, or rather an active element in structuring UK: Polity Press. these constraints [Giddens 1997]? Joseph Putnam, Robert D. 1993. Making Democracy Work. Henrich (Chapter 2) discusses this prob- Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton, NJ: lem on a theoretical level by explaining the Princeton University Press. different mechanisms through which the Sabbagh, Clara and Deborah Golden. 2007. ‘Jux- structure of interaction affects preferences. taposing Etic and Emic Perspectives: A Refl ec- tion on Three Studies on Distributive Justice.’ Yet only future longitudinal research will Social Justice Research 20: 372–387. -
Best Experienced Payoff Dynamics and Cooperation in the Centipede Game
Theoretical Economics 14 (2019), 1347–1385 1555-7561/20191347 Best experienced payoff dynamics and cooperation in the centipede game William H. Sandholm Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin Segismundo S. Izquierdo BioEcoUva, Department of Industrial Organization, Universidad de Valladolid Luis R. Izquierdo Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad de Burgos We study population game dynamics under which each revising agent tests each of his strategies a fixed number of times, with each play of each strategy being against a newly drawn opponent, and chooses the strategy whose total payoff was highest. In the centipede game, these best experienced payoff dynamics lead to co- operative play. When strategies are tested once, play at the almost globally stable state is concentrated on the last few nodes of the game, with the proportions of agents playing each strategy being largely independent of the length of the game. Testing strategies many times leads to cyclical play. Keywords. Evolutionary game theory, backward induction, centipede game, computational algebra. JEL classification. C72, C73. 1. Introduction The discrepancy between the conclusions of backward induction reasoning and ob- served behavior in certain canonical extensive form games is a basic puzzle of game the- ory. The centipede game (Rosenthal (1981)), the finitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma, and related examples can be viewed as models of relationships in which each partic- ipant has repeated opportunities to take costly actions that benefit his partner and in which there is a commonly known date at which the interaction will end. Experimen- tal and anecdotal evidence suggests that cooperative behavior may persist until close to William H. -
Surviving the Titanic Disaster: Economic, Natural and Social Determinants
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Frey, Bruno S.; Savage, David A.; Torgler, Benno Working Paper Surviving the Titanic Disaster: Economic, Natural and Social Determinants CREMA Working Paper, No. 2009-03 Provided in Cooperation with: CREMA - Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts, Zürich Suggested Citation: Frey, Bruno S.; Savage, David A.; Torgler, Benno (2009) : Surviving the Titanic Disaster: Economic, Natural and Social Determinants, CREMA Working Paper, No. 2009-03, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA), Basel This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/214430 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu CREMA Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts Surviving the Titanic Disaster: Economic, Natural and Social Determinants Bruno S. -
Lessons Learned: Creating the Chicago Climate Action Plan
Lessons Learned: Creating the Chicago Climate Action Plan Julia Parzen • July 2009 www.chicagoclimateaction.org Contents I. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................3 II. Summary of Lessons Learned from the Chicago Climate Action Planning Process ..................5 Figure 1. Chicago Checklist for Climate Action Planning .........................................................5 Figure 2. Co-Benefi ts of Climate Action .....................................................................................6 Figure 3. Intersection of Climate Mitigation and Adaptation ....................................................6 Figure 4. Products of the Chicago Climate Action Planning Process and What Might be Used by Other Cities ....................................................................................9 III. The Chicago Climate Action Planning Process with Observations ............................................. 14 Figure 5. Timeline ........................................................................................................................ 14 A. Research Phase ............................................................................................................................ 15 Figure 6. Original Organizational Chart for the Chicago Climate Action Plan .....................16 Figure 7. Members of the Research Advisory Committee ......................................................17 Figure 8. Members of the -
Global Philanthropy Forum Conference April 18–20 · Washington, Dc
GLOBAL PHILANTHROPY FORUM CONFERENCE APRIL 18–20 · WASHINGTON, DC 2017 Global Philanthropy Forum Conference This book includes transcripts from the plenary sessions and keynote conversations of the 2017 Global Philanthropy Forum Conference. The statements made and views expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of GPF, its participants, World Affairs or any of its funders. Prior to publication, the authors were given the opportunity to review their remarks. Some have made minor adjustments. In general, we have sought to preserve the tone of these panels to give the reader a sense of the Conference. The Conference would not have been possible without the support of our partners and members listed below, as well as the dedication of the wonderful team at World Affairs. Special thanks go to the GPF team—Suzy Antounian, Bayanne Alrawi, Laura Beatty, Noelle Germone, Deidre Graham, Elizabeth Haffa, Mary Hanley, Olivia Heffernan, Tori Hirsch, Meghan Kennedy, DJ Latham, Jarrod Sport, Geena St. Andrew, Marla Stein, Carla Thorson and Anna Wirth—for their work and dedication to the GPF, its community and its mission. STRATEGIC PARTNERS Newman’s Own Foundation USAID The David & Lucile Packard The MasterCard Foundation Foundation Anonymous Skoll Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation Skoll Global Threats Fund Margaret A. Cargill Foundation The Walton Family Foundation Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation The World Bank IFC (International Finance SUPPORTING MEMBERS Corporation) The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust MEMBERS Conrad N. Hilton Foundation Anonymous Humanity United Felipe Medina IDB Omidyar Network Maja Kristin Sall Family Foundation MacArthur Foundation Qatar Foundation International Charles Stewart Mott Foundation The Global Philanthropy Forum is a project of World Affairs. -
Prof. Dr. Armin Falk Biographical Sketch 1998 Phd, University Of
Prof. Dr. Armin Falk Biographical Sketch 1998 PhD, University of Zurich 1998 - 2003 Assistant professor, University of Zurich 2003 - 2005 Lecturer, Central European University (Budapest) 2003 - today Research Director, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) 2003 - today Professor of Economics, University of Bonn Affiliations with CESifo, CEPR Research Interests Labor Economics, Behavioral and experimental economics Selected Journal Publications “Fairness Perceptions and Reservation Wages - The Behavioral Effects of Minimum Wage Laws” (with Ernst Fehr and Christian Zehnder), Quarterly Journal of Economic, forthcoming. “Distrust - The Hidden Cost of Control” (with Michael Kosfeld), American Economic Review, forthcoming. “Clean Evidence on Peer Effects” (with Andrea Ichino), Journal of Labor Economics, forthcoming. “A Theory of Reciprocity” (with Urs Fischbacher), Games and Economic Behavior 54 (2), 2006, 293-315. “Driving Forces Behind Informal Sanctions” (with Ernst Fehr and Urs Fischbacher), Econometrica 73 (6), 2005, 2017-2030. “The Success of Job Applications: A New Approach to Program Evaluation” (with Rafael Lalive and Josef Zweimüller), Labour Economics 12 (6), 2005, 739-748. “Choosing the Joneses: Endogenous Goals and Reference Standards” (with Markus Knell), Scandinavian Journal of Economics 106 (3), 2004, 417-435. “Relational Contracts and the Nature of Market Interactions” (with Martin Brown and Ernst Fehr), Econometrica 72, 2004, 747-780. “On the Nature of Fair Behavior” (with Ernst Fehr and Urs Fischbacher), Economic Inquiry 41(1), 2003, 20-26. “Reasons for Conflict - Lessons From Bargaining Experiments” (with Ernst Fehr and Urs Fischbacher), Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 159 (1), 2003, 171-187. “Why Labour Market Experiments?” (with Ernst Fehr), Labour Economics 10, 2003, 399-406. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO the Taxation Tango: State Capacity in Argentina's Provinces a Dissertation Submitted in Pa
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO The Taxation Tango: State Capacity in Argentina’s Provinces A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science by Melissa Ziegler Rogers Committee in Charge: Mathew McCubbins, Co-Chair Peter Smith, Co-Chair Gary Cox Paul Drake Carlos Waisman 2010 Copyright Melissa Ziegler Rogers, 2010 All Rights Reserved The Dissertation of Melissa Ziegler Rogers is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-Chair Co-Chair University of California, San Diego 2010 iii DEDICATION Dissertations do not come easily or quickly. I appreciate the patience of my family, friends, and husband from whom I sought advice and support. I also thank them for helping me by editing drafts, offering constructive criticism, and taking care of business on the home front while I trekked through Argentina. My advisors have given me funding, opportunities for research and publication and invaluable guidance in my academic pursuits. I thank my parents most of all for pushing me to succeed in academia and for encouraging me at my most doubtful moments. They are my favorite people in the world and I only wish that my Mom were still in this world to celebrate with us. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ................................................................................................................... iii Dedication ......................................................................................................................... -
Armin Falk IZA and University of Bonn April 2004
I. Introduction Armin Falk IZA and University of Bonn April 2004 Falk: Behavioral Labor Economics: Psychology of Incentives 1/18 This course • Study behavioral effects for labor related outcomes • Empirical studies •Overview – Introduction – Psychology of incentives • Reciprocity and contract enforcement • Dysfunctional effects of explicit incentives • Peer effects • Loss aversion, collusion and sabotage in the presence of tournament incentives – Labor supply – Market behavior • Monopsony and minimum wages • Fairness, efficiency wages and wage rigidities • Incomplete contracts, fairness and the functioning of markets Falk: Behavioral Labor Economics: Psychology of Incentives 2/18 Requirements 1. Take part in the lecture 2. Write a short paper • Either about a summary and discussion of 3 papers • List of topics and papers will be provided • Papers, which are not discussed in this course • Or about a labor economics experiment, which you design, conduct and analyze • Motivation, design, results, discussion • Few observations sufficient • Can also be a field experiment, a theoretical model or the analysis of an existing data set • You can see me and David Huffman to discuss your suggestions Falk: Behavioral Labor Economics: Psychology of Incentives 3/18 Information • Slides can be downloaded – www.iza.org/home/falk • Readers available at IZA Falk: Behavioral Labor Economics: Psychology of Incentives 4/18 Behavioral Economics: From the Nobel Prize laudation “Traditionally, economic theory has relied on the assumption of a "homo œconomicus", whose behavior is governed by self-interest and who is capable of rational decision-making. Economics has also been regarded as a non-experimental science, where researchers – as in astronomy or meteorology – have had to rely exclusively on field data, that is, direct observations of the real world. -
Comparative Statics and Perfect Foresight in Infinite Horizon Economies
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Boston Library Consortium IVIember Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/comparativestatiOOkeho working paper department of economics Comparative Statics And Perfect Foresight in Infinite Horizon Economies Timothy J. Kehoe David K. Levine* Number 312 December 1982 massachusetts institute of technology 50 memorial drive Cambridge, mass. 02139 Comparative Statics And Perfect Foresight in Infinite Horizon Economies Timothy J. Kehoe David K. Levine* Number 312 December 1982 Department of Economics, M.I.T. and Department of Economics, U.C.L.A., respectively. Abstract This paper considers whether infinite horizon economies have determinate perfect foresight equilibria. ¥e consider stationary pure exchange economies with both finite and infinite numbers of agents. When there is a finite number of infinitely lived agents, we argue that equilibria are generically determinate. This is because the number of equations determining the equilibria is not infinite, but is equal to the number of agents minus one and must determine the marginal utility of income for all but one agent. In an overlapping generations model with infinitely many finitely lived agents, this reasoning breaks down. ¥e ask whether the initial conditions together with the requirement of convergence to a steady state locally determine an equilibrium price path. In this framework there are many economies with isolated equilibria, many with continue of equilibria, and many with no equilibria at all. With two or more goods in every period not only can the price level be indeterminate but relative prices as well. Furthermore, such indeterminacy can occur whether or not there is fiat money in the economy. -
Contents Commons Forum
Summer 2011 No. 11 ince the end of the 13th IASC Global Conference conference was a unique demonstration of that in Hyderabad, the Executive Council has balance since it was the first meeting in our history Sapproved one global conference and two that was sponsored by a practitioner organization. meetings. The next Global Conference will be at the foot of Mount Fuji in Kitafuji, Japan, in the summer This number of the Digest showcases some of the of 2013; in addition, the Asian Regional Meeting will highlights of the Hyderabad meeting: excerpts from be held Ulan Bator, Mongolia, in June 2012, and our the speech of Shri Jairam Ramesh, Minister of the 1st Thematic Meeting on “knowledge commons” is Environment and Forests in India; the final conference scheduled for September 2012 in Louvain-La-Nouve, report from the Foundation for Ecological Security Belgium. Our European meeting (“Shared Resources (FES) presented by Jagdeesh Rao Puppala, and a in a Rapidly Changing World”) will be held in Plovdiv, thoughtful report on the Hyderabad meeting from Bulgaria, this coming September. Kate Ashbrook, general secretary of the English Open Spaces Society. This special edition of The Commons Digest focuses on our extremely successful meeting in Hyderabad This issue includes, as always, the valuable updates this past January. The first article is the splendid to the Digital Library of the Commons (DLC) at Indiana presidential address given by Dr. Ruth Meinzen-Dick, University, compiled by Emily Castle, Director of the in which she highlighted recent milestones in the DLC. history and work of IASC. The first milestone was Elinor Ostrom’s 2009 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for Finally, please read the invitation to join IASC written her work on the commons; Dr. -
Cultural Group Selection Plays an Essential Role in Explaining Human Cooperation: a Sketch of the Evidence
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2016), Page 1 of 68 doi:10.1017/S0140525X1400106X, e30 Cultural group selection plays an essential role in explaining human cooperation: A sketch of the evidence Peter Richerson Emily K. Newton Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California– Department of Psychology, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, CA Davis, Davis, CA 95616 94901 [email protected] [email protected] http://emilyknewton.weebly.com/ www.des.ucdavis.edu/faculty/richerson/richerson.htm Nicole Naar Ryan Baldini Department of Anthropology, University of California–Davis, Graduate Group in Ecology, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616 Davis, CA 95616 [email protected] https://sites.google.com/site/ryanbaldini/ [email protected] Adrian V. Bell Lesley Newson Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California– [email protected] http://adrianbell.wordpress.com/ Davis, Davis, CA 95616 [email protected] [email protected] Kathryn Demps https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lesley_Newson/ Department of Anthropology, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725 [email protected] Cody Ross http://sspa.boisestate.edu/anthropology/faculty-and-staff/kathryn- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501 demps/ [email protected] http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xSugEskAAAAJ Karl Frost Graduate Group in Ecology, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616 Paul E. Smaldino [email protected] https://sites.google.com/site/karljosephfrost/ Department of Anthropology, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA 95616 [email protected] http://www.smaldino.com/ Vicken Hillis Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California– Timothy M. -
Bounded Rationality and Correlated Equilibria Fabrizio Germano, Peio Zuazo-Garin
Bounded Rationality and Correlated Equilibria Fabrizio Germano, Peio Zuazo-Garin To cite this version: Fabrizio Germano, Peio Zuazo-Garin. Bounded Rationality and Correlated Equilibria. 2015. halshs- 01251512 HAL Id: halshs-01251512 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01251512 Preprint submitted on 6 Jan 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Working Papers / Documents de travail Bounded Rationality and Correlated Equilibria Fabrizio Germano Peio Zuazo-Garin WP 2015 - Nr 51 Bounded Rationality and Correlated Equilibria∗ Fabrizio Germano† and Peio Zuazo-Garin‡ November 2, 2015 Abstract We study an interactive framework that explicitly allows for nonrational behavior. We do not place any restrictions on how players’ behavior deviates from rationality. Instead we assume that there exists a probability p such that all players play rationally with at least probability p, and all players believe, with at least probability p, that their opponents play rationally. This, together with the assumption of a common prior, leads to what we call the set of p-rational outcomes, which we define and characterize for arbitrary probability p. We then show that this set varies continuously in p and converges to the set of correlated equilibria as p approaches 1, thus establishing robustness of the correlated equilibrium concept to relaxing rationality and common knowledge of rationality.