The Advent of Ahriman
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												  Mah Tir, Mah Bahman & Asfandarmad 1 Mah Asfandarmad 1369Mah Tir, Mah Bahman & Asfandarmad 1 Mah Asfandarmad 1369, Fravardin & l FEZAN A IN S I D E T HJ S I S S U E Federation of Zoroastrian • Summer 2000, Tabestal1 1369 YZ • Associations of North America http://www.fezana.org PRESIDENT: Framroze K. Patel 3 Editorial - Pallan R. Ichaporia 9 South Circle, Woodbridge, NJ 07095 (732) 634-8585, (732) 636-5957 (F) 4 From the President - Framroze K. Patel president@ fezana. org 5 FEZANA Update 6 On the North American Scene FEZ ANA 10 Coming Events (World Congress 2000) Jr ([]) UJIR<J~ AIL '14 Interfaith PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF '15 Around the World NORTH AMERICA 20 A Millennium Gift - Four New Agiaries in Mumbai CHAIRPERSON: Khorshed Jungalwala Rohinton M. Rivetna 53 Firecut Lane, Sudbury, MA 01776 Cover Story: (978) 443-6858, (978) 440-8370 (F) 22 kayj@ ziplink.net Honoring our Past: History of Iran, from Legendary Times EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Roshan Rivetna 5750 S. Jackson St. Hinsdale, IL 60521 through the Sasanian Empire (630) 325-5383, (630) 734-1579 (F) Guest Editor Pallan R. Ichaporia ri vetna@ lucent. com 23 A Place in World History MILESTONES/ ANNOUNCEMENTS Roshan Rivetna with Pallan R. Ichaporia Mahrukh Motafram 33 Legendary History of the Peshdadians - Pallan R. Ichaporia 2390 Chanticleer, Brookfield, WI 53045 (414) 821-5296, [email protected] 35 Jamshid, History or Myth? - Pen1in J. Mist1y EDITORS 37 The Kayanian Dynasty - Pallan R. Ichaporia Adel Engineer, Dolly Malva, Jamshed Udvadia 40 The Persian Empire of the Achaemenians Pallan R. Ichaporia YOUTHFULLY SPEAKING: Nenshad Bardoliwalla 47 The Parthian Empire - Rashna P.
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												  De Oud-Germaanse Religie (§§ 570 - 598) (De Vries) 1Dit document vormt een onderdeel van de website https://www.religies-overzichtelijk.nl Hier vindt u tevens de koppelingen naar de andere teksten en de indexen, de toelichtingen en de afkortingen Laatste bewerking: 26-09-2020 [l] De Oud-Germaanse religie (§§ 570 - 598) (De Vries) 1 1 De schepping van de wereld en de mensen volgens de Germaanse overlevering .............. 4 1.1 (§ 570-6) Inleiding tot de schepping van de wereld en de mensen volgens de Germaanse overlevering .......................................................................................................... 5 1.2 De scheppingsmythen ..................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 De mythe van Ýmir (SnE) ........................................................................... 7 1.2.1.1 (§ 570-1) Episode 1: de toestand vóór de schepping en het onstaan van Ýmir ........ 8 1.2.1.2 (§ 570-2) Episode 2: Auðumla en de schepping der goden ................................ 9 1.2.1.3 (§ 570-3) Episode 3: de slachting van Ýmir en de schepping van de wereld ......... 10 1.2.2 (§ 570-4) De mythe van de schepping van Askr en Embla (SnE) ........................... 11 1.2.3 (§ 570-5) De mythe van Odins vestiging in Ásgarðr (SnE) ................................... 12 1.3 De toestand vóór de schepping ....................................................................... 13 1.3.1 (§ 571-1) De toestand vóór de schepping in de literatuur .................................. 14 1.3.2 (§ 571-2) Verklaring van de overlevering t.a.v. de toestand vóór de schepping ....... 15 1.4 (§ 572) Het ontstaan van leven uit de polariteit van hitte en koude ........................... 16 1.5 (§ 573) De schepping van reuzen, goden en mensen uit een tweegeslachtelijk oerwezen 17 1.6 (§ 574) De voorstelling van de melk schenkende oerkoe ......................................... 18 1.7 (§ 575) De schepping van de wereld uit het lichaam van Ýmir .................................
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												  The Majority of the Mithraic Monuments AndTHE ORIGINS OF MITHRAIC MYSTERIES AND THE IDEA OF PROTO-MITHRAISM In Memory of the late Professor Osamu Suzuki (1905-1977) HIDEO OGAWA Professor, Keio University I The majority of the Mithraic monuments and inscriptions have been known from the western half of the Roman Empire.(1) The eastern half, includ- ing Greece, the Near East, North Africa, Egypt and South Russia, have given less evidences. This would not be so surprising, if Mithras had been a native god of the Romans or of a western province. But such is not the case. With the exception of S. Wikander,(2) most scholars have supported the eastern origin of the god Mithras and his mystery cult. This thesis was stated in the most typical way by Franz Cumont.(3) His speculations have been the starting point of almost all subsequent Mithraic studies. I do not want to re- capitulate his theory in length here, but confine myself in describing the main line of it with an emphasis upon his methodology concerning the problem of Mithraic origins. According to Cumont, the Avestan origin of Mithras is obvious. In the days of the Persian empire, magi (perhaps with official support) transplanted from Iran the worship of Mithras and Anahita in Asia Minor, North Syria and Armenia. Anahita was identified there with various local mother godesses such as Cybele. The cult of Mithras at first absorbed the astronomical ideas in Mesopotamia as the monuments of Nemrud-Dagh so indicate. Then, later, under the Greek influence in the Hellenistic period the cult was organized as an independent sectarian reli- gion.
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												  Mithraism and GnosticismMithraism and Gnosticism The theme of'Mithraism and Gnosticism' is at the same time fascinating and difficult to handle. It evokes a general question of relations between gnos ticism and the mystery cults (and the mysteriosophic doctrines)! of late pagan antiquity, but is at the same time conditioned by the specific char acteristics of the sources of Mithraism, that historical-religious 'quantity' which is so well determined yet so difficult to penetrate. Furthermore, it must be said that, whereas the final form of the initiatory cult of Mithras in the Roman milieu may be clearly caught through the remains of its typical sanctuaries and through direct witnesses (though poor in contents) which its adepts have bequeathed to us, the questions of the historical-cultural back ground of Mithraism are more complex than those of other mystery cults of the Graeco-Roman world. Suffice it to mention the researches of the Swedish school, and in particular those of G. Widengren,2 which examine the prob lem of the relations of Mithraism with Iran and those ~octrines which also play an essential part in the same author's studies of the origins of Gnosticism. We will face the problem starting with Mithraism's occidental connections. We have already hinted at this argument in a previous article on certain aspects of Gnostic and 'Orphic' theologies that imply syncretism or analogies with the Mithraic material.3 In this paper, two topics will be considered: first the cult and the figure of Arimanius in the mysteries, and second the ascensus of the souls-topics that most evidently belong to the question of 'Mithraism and Gnosticism'.
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												  Life Science Journal 2012;9(1S) HttpLife Science Journal 2012;9(1s) http://www.lifesciencesite.com Iranian Zurvanism, Origin of Worshipping Evil ELIKA BAGHAIE PHD candidate at the Tajikistan Academy of science Abstract: In this article it is attempted to study the philosophy of the emergence of evil forces in the history of human life from the perspective of the East ancient texts, particularly those of ancient Iran and middle Persian language and then Zurvan, its emergence and status beyond a creator and as a neutral element and an evil force, and its logical concept is studied. “Above is not bright. Below is not dark. It’s invisible, and it can’t be called by any name. [ELIKA BAGHAIE. Iranian Zurvanism, Origin of Worshipping Evil. Life Sci J 2012;9(1s):21-26] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5 Keywords: creation, evil, duality, Zurvan, man, God 1. Introduction Etymology of Zruuan, which is generally In a narration by Plutarch it is stated that defined as “time” in Avestan language is indefinite in Theopompus has remarked in the first half of 4th available documents and references. On the other century B.C. that “A group of people believe in two hand , it could be said that this term is linked to gods who are like to masons, one of them is creator Avestan zauruuan- which means “ancient time , old of good and the other one is creator of evil and age” ,and zaurura- which means “ancient and worn- useless things. And a group of people call the good out” which are derived from primitive Indo-European force as God and the other one as the Evil.
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												  Mecusi Geleneğinde Tektanrıcılık Ve Düalizm IlişkisiT.C. İSTANBUL ÜN İVERS İTES İ SOSYAL B İLİMLER ENST İTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE D İN B İLİMLER İ ANAB İLİM DALI DİNLER TAR İHİ B İLİM DALI DOKTORA TEZ İ MECUS İ GELENE Ğİ NDE TEKTANRICILIK VE DÜAL İZM İLİŞ KİSİ Mehmet ALICI (2502050181) Tez Danı şmanı: Prof.Dr. Şinasi GÜNDÜZ İstanbul 2011 T.C. İSTANBUL ÜN İVERS İTES İ SOSYAL B İLİMLER ENST İTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE D İN B İLİMLER İ ANAB İLİM DALI DİNLER TAR İHİ B İLİM DALI DOKTORA TEZ İ MECUS İ GELENE Ğİ NDE TEKTANRICILIK VE DÜAL İZM İLİŞ KİSİ Mehmet ALICI (2502050181) Tez Danı şmanı: Prof.Dr. Şinasi GÜNDÜZ (Bu tez İstanbul Üniversitesi Bilimsel Ara ştırma Projeleri Komisyonu tarafından desteklenmi ştir. Proje numarası:4247) İstanbul 2011 ÖZ Bu çalı şma Mecusi gelene ğinde tektanrıcılık ve düalizm ili şkisini ortaya çıkı şından günümüze kadarki tarihsel süreç içerisinde incelemeyi hedef edinir. Bu ba ğlamda Mecusilik üç temel teolojik süreç çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu ba ğlamda birinci teolojik süreçte Mecusili ğin kurucusu addedilen Zerdü şt’ün kendisine atfedilen Gatha metninde tanrı Ahura Mazda çerçevesinde ortaya koydu ğu tanrı tasavvuru incelenmektedir. Burada Zerdü şt’ün anahtar kavram olarak belirledi ği tanrı Ahura Mazda ve onunla ili şkilendirilen di ğer ilahi figürlerin ili şkisi esas alınmaktadır. Zerdü şt sonrası Mecusi teolojisinin şekillendi ği Avesta metinleri ikinci teolojik süreci ihtiva etmektedir. Bu dönem Zerdü şt’ten önceki İran’ın tanrı tasavvurlarının yeniden kutsal metne yani Avesta’ya dahil edilme sürecini yansıtmaktadır. Dolayısıyla Avesta edebiyatı Zerdü şt sonrası dönü şen bir teolojiyi sunmaktadır. Bu noktada ba şta Ahura Mazda kavramı olmak üzere, Zerdü şt’ün Gatha’da ortaya koydu ğu mefhumların de ğişti ği görülmektedir.
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												  The Incarnation of Ahriman and the AsurasThe Incarnation of Ahriman It is evident in these seven motifs that, almost and the Asuras without exception, they are connected with the manner of human thought. Either directly or indirectly, they by HANS-WERNER SCHROEDER are consequences of abstract thinking. In contrast to these are the descriptions given concerning the ac tivities and efforts of the Asuras. (Translated by Maria St. Goar from “Mitteilungen aus der anthroposophischen Arbeit in Deutschland,” THE ASURAS AS DESCRIBED Easter 1979. Published with permission.) B Y RUDOLF STEINER In a previous article (Newsletter, Summer 1979), In attempting a survey of the lectures in which we looked to the end of the century and the incarnation Rudolf Steiner mentions the Asuras, we soon notice of Ahriman in the next millennium. In order to fully that there are not many, all told. First, I want to list the grasp the events connected with future develop lectures known to me in which the theme is touched ments, it will be necessary to include two additional upon: groups of beings which at the same time broaden the Berlin, May 23, 1904 (German GA93); view. One group concerns the activity of the Asuras in Berlin, October 7 and 17, 1905 (German GA93a); the present and in the future; the other is the activity of Munich, June 2, 1907 Theosophy of the Rosicru- the so called Sun Demon, whose mystery name is cians; Soradt. In this article, we shall mainly study the first. Kassel, June 24, 1907 Theosophy and Rosicrucian- (A subsequent article will deal with Soradt’s activity.) ism; Berlin, May 16, 1908 The Influence of Spiritual Be ings Upon Man; PREPARATIONS FOR THE INCARNATION Nuremberg, June 22, 1908 The Apocalypse of St.
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												  Jacob Onyumbe DissertationPiles of Slain, Heaps of Corpses: Lament, Lyric, and Trauma in the Book of Nahum by Jacob Onyumbe Wenyi The Divinity School Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Ellen F. Davis, Supervisor ___________________________ Stephen B. Chapman ___________________________ Anathea Portier-Young ___________________________ Gerald O. West Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Theology in the Divinity School of Duke University 2017 i v ABSTRACT Piles of Slain, Heaps of Corpses: Lament, Lyric, and Trauma in the Book of Nahum by Jacob Onyumbe Wenyi The Divinity School Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Ellen F. Davis, Supervisor ___________________________ Stephen B. Chapman ___________________________ Anathea Portier-Young ___________________________ Gerald O. West Abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Theology in the Divinity School of Duke University 2017 i v Copyright by Jacob Onyumbe Wenyi 2017 i v Abstract With its description of God as wrathful and vengeful and its graphic depiction of war and violence, Nahum has often been treated as a dangerous book, both in church settings and in academic circles. This dissertation is an effort to confront violence, both in my community and in the book of Nahum. It is a contextual reading of Nahum against the background of the wars that have plagued my country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo since the early 1990s. It argues that Nahum’s description of God and its depiction of war scenes were meant to evoke in seventh-century BCE Judahite audiences the memory of war and destruction at the hands of the Assyrians.
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												  Jacob Bergsbaken Humanitarian ScholarshipJacob Bergsbaken Humanitarian Scholarship This scholarship fund was established in loving memory of Jacob Bergsbaken by his parents Randy and Beth Bergsbaken. Jacob attended Bonduel High school where he was an honor student. He was also an avid wrestling fan and loved watching it on TV. At age 16, Jacob lost his long and courageous battle with Muscular Dystrophy. Eligibility: Graduates from Bonduel High School who plan to attend a college, university or technical college. Classroom teachers will submit nominations for students that posses the following characteristics: Excellence in humanitarian efforts towards others involving: o Kindness o Caring o Compassion o Dignity o Respect Award Amount: One non-renewable $500 scholarship award for tuition expenses. Selection: Students will be nominated by classroom teachers. All nominations will then be reviewed by the Bonduel High School Scholarship Selection Committee, who will determine the recipient. Payment Procedure: Scholarship payments will be released after submission of the following to the Community Foundation for the Fox Valley Region: completed scholarship verification form (located at www.cffoxvalley.org/scholarships), verification of full time student status (class schedule with credits listed). After approval of submitted documentation, the scholarship check will be paid directly to the school the recipient will be attending during the first semester of the freshman year of college. This scholarship cannot be deferred. Most communications between the Community Foundation and the student will be via email. Please keep us advised of your current email address. Loss of Eligibility: Failure to register as a full time student for the first semester of freshman year of college.
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												  The Corona Show James Corbett's Wake-Up Call COVID-19 and TheVolume 5/No. 9/10 May/June 2020 THE PRESENT AGE A monthly international magazine for the advancement of Spiritual Science The Corona Show James Corbett’s Wake-up Call COVID-19 and the Cosmos Thinking: Its Freedom or Prohibition? The Incarnation of Ahriman (part two) Corona: Connecting the Dots Vaccines: C.A.Fitts and J.Rappoport CHF 22 / £ 15 / $ 22 / € 20 Symptomatic Essentials in politics, culture and economy Essentials in politics, culture / $ 22 € 20 Symptomatic CHF 22 / £ 15 World Dictatorship, Prophecies and the Jolt Contents towards the Spirit Beyond Surprise 3 No world dictator would have been able to achieve in a few weeks what the “virus”, Some Reflections on the Corona Crisis against which no remedy has allegedly yet been found, has been able to achieve T.H. Meyer in such a short time: school closures, the banning of public gatherings, theatre, concert and cinema performances, and visits to restaurants. Closed frontiers, closed A Letter to the Future 5 bars, and at the few open shops and pharmacies the notice that payment will only James Corbett be accepted with contactless cards. Economies shut down. No international de- Anti-Corona 2020 6 cision could have had so much psychological propaganda for the long-planned Martin Meyer Editorial global abolition of cash. This is a corona dictatorship still just short of forced vacci- - nation. Overnight everything else, such as climate change and 5G, has become an “…the diseases we suffer work unimportant secondary question. But there are also good things to report: NATO’s on earth are visitations from heaven” 8 gigantic NATO “Defender 2020” manoeuvres have been cancelled! COVID-19 and the Cosmos And sober explanations of the medical exaggerations have been provided by Terry Boardman Profs.
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											Zurvainism and Post Islamic Persian Literature: with Ferdusi As a Case StudyCOPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS THESIS This thesis must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Reproduction of material protected by copyright may be an infringement of copyright and copyright owners may be entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. Section 51 (2) of the Copyright Act permits an authorized officer of a university library or archives to provide a copy (by communication or otherwise) of an unpublished thesis kept in the library or archives, to a person who satisfies the authorized officer that he or she requires the reproduction for the purposes of research or study. The Copyright Act grants the creator of a work a number of moral rights, specifically the right of attribution, the right against false attribution and the right of integrity. You may infringe the author’s moral rights if you: - fail to acknowledge the author of this thesis if you quote sections from the work - attribute this thesis to another author - subject this thesis to derogatory treatment which may prejudice the author’s reputation For further information contact the University’s Director of Copyright Services sydney.edu.au/copyright ZURVANISM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ‘POST-ISLAMIC’ PERSIAN LITERATURE with FERDOWSI AS A CASE STUDY By Parisa Pourhosseini Submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of Sydney, for the Degree of Masters of Arts by Thesis Submitted March 2014 1 Introduction …………………………………………………………… 1 1 Zurvanism: Concepts and Development Mesopotamian Legacy of Zurvanism Avesta and Zurvan …………………………………………………….. 9 The Historical Background of Zurvanism ……………………………..10 Narratives of the Zurvan Myth Imperfect Origin of the Creation ……………………………………..
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												  “I Am a Prophet!” – the Image of Zoroaster in the Dāstān-E Goshtāsp (Tale of Goshtāsp)He addressed the Kayānian king: “I am a prophet!” – The Image of Zoroaster in the Dāstān-e Goshtāsp (Tale of Goshtāsp) Ashk P. Dahlén University of Oslo Abstract The aim of this article is to examine the image of the ancient Iranian prophet Zoroaster in the Shāhnāma based on a closed reading of the story about the Kayānian king Goshtāsp written by Daqiqi (and con- tinued by Ferdousi). There has so far been no comprehensive treatment of Daqiqi’s rendering of Zoro- aster and the founding of the first Zoroastrian community. This lack of scholarly research is surprising given the importance of Daqiqi in the transmission of the ancient Iranian cultural and religious heritage (illustrated in his pioneering role in the creation of the Shāhnāma of Ferdousi) and the uniqueness of his work, which constitutes the only long poem that has been preserved from the Sāmānid and pre-Sāmānid period (even though extant verses of some early poets suggest the existence of several other epic works). As Daqiqi relates, it was in Goshtāsp’s reign that Zoroaster introduced his religion in the Iranian cultural sphere, with the support of the king’s son Esfandiār. Goshtāsp was forced to go to war to defend the faith against king Arjāsp of Turān and suffered the loss of his brother Zarēr in battle. These are cele- brated events in the early history of Zoroastrianism that have been expounded upon throughout the cen- turies in different versions. Keywords: Abu Manṣur Daqiqi, Shāhnāma, Abo’l-Qāsem Ferdousi, Zoroaster, Ahura Mazdā, Sāmānid, Avestā, Goshtāsp Introduction The Shāhnāma (Book of Kings) of Abo’l-Qāsem Ferdousi (940–1020) is general- ly considered the Persian national epic par excellence and enjoys an iconic status in Iranian literary culture.