A Snapshot of China's Creative Industries
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A SNAPSHOT OF CHINA’S CREATIVE INDUSTRIES Cultural exchange has always been an important aspect of diplomacy, Since then, in collaboration with my colleague, the Honourable deepening mutual understanding and facilitating collaboration. During François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of International Trade, we have my visit to China earlier this year, I was impressed by the breadth and increased the services provided through our Trade Commissioner vitality of China's modern cultural scene. Rooted in ancient traditions, it Service in China to promote our Canadian artists, creators and cultural is evolving rapidly. It was also clear just how important a market China industries and to help Canadian creators and creative entrepreneurs had become for creative products and services – a market in advance their international business objectives. which Canada does well, but can still grow its presence. This publication is one example. A Snapshot of China's Creative Canada has tremendous leadership, ingenuity and talent in our Industries highlights the tremendous opportunities that are now opening creative industries and they make significant contributions to our up in China for foreign artistic and cultural content. In the coming economy. Our Government is committed to helping Canadian creators months, we will be providing additional resources with information and creative entrepreneurs seize opportunities in key global specific to sub-sectors and subregions of China. markets – including China. This is particularly timely as the . The business landscape in China is expanding Chinese government is shifting its planned economy towards consumption-driven growth and high-value jobs, including in the rapidly, and I encourage Canadian artists and creative sector. creative entrepreneurs to seize the resulting opportunities and to avail themselves of the During Prime Minister Trudeau's visit to China in 2016, Canada and support offered by our team in China. China signed a film coproduction treaty, as well as a program of cooperation (2017-20) under the bilateral Cultural Agreement, The Honourable Mélanie Joly encouraging exchanges of artists, performers and exhibitions, as well as Minister of Canadian Heritage support for each country's film and television industry. As Minister of International Trade, I am pleased to join my The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service is present in 15 cities colleague, the Honourable Melanie Joly, Minister of Canadian throughout China, with more than 100 trade commissioners on the Heritage, in presenting A Snapshot of China's Creative Industries. ground who are eager to help Canadian exporters navigate the Chinese marketplace, make informed business decisions, and ultimately A comprehensive relationship with China is a priority for the succeed in the world's second-largest economy. Government of Canada. A deeper relationship between our two countries will unlock the untapped potential in our commercial ties, This Snapshot builds on our Trade Commissioner Service's existing efforts grow the prosperity of our middle class, and create new opportunities in China. We hope that it will be useful for Canadians in the creative for Canadian businesses of all sizes. industries wanting a better understanding of potential opportunities in China, as well as encourage Canadian creators who have not yet As Canada's "Chief Marketing Officer'', I am keen to support this effort considered business development in China to enter the market. by doing everything I can to open more doors for our world-class Canadian creative industries. Our team in China will update this Snapshot on an ongoing basis with Canadians produce some of the world's most innovative technologies additional sub-sector business intelligence and content, with a reputation for excellence in areas such as gaming tools so it can continue to be a timely and visual effects. and valuable source of information. With China's growing demand for creative content, and Chinese familiarity with Canada's quality and innovation in the sector, there has never been a better time for Canadian creators of all stripes to pursue The Honourable François-Phillippe Champagne export opportunities in this fast-growing market. Minister of International Trade INTRODUCTION There is booming demand for creative and cultural products and This document outlines several opportunities for Canadian cultural services in China. In 2015 the Chinese 'Cultural Industries' grew 11% and creative industries stakeholders in China, with a focus on the to a value of 2,723.5 billion CNY (approx. $525.7 billion CAD). In following four key sectors: 2015 they contributed 3.97% to China’s GDP, with an ongoing target of 5%. The cultural industries are central to the Visual arts, museums and exhibitions government’s plan to move away from a manufacturing based Theatre and live entertainment economy to an innovation and knowledge based economy. Yet Film and video if this is to be achieved, the capacity of the sector must be Video games and VR built through international-standard training and educational programmes. The aim of this work is to support Canadian companies that are considering the Chinese market to better understand the opportunities As a creative and cultural industries powerhouse, Canada is well in these four sectors. For information and assistance beyond what is placed to succeed in China. provided in this report, the Canadian government, through its offices in Canada and across China, is here to help. This document was commissioned by Global Affairs Canada and was provided by an external source. The department is not responsible for the accuracy, reliability or currency of the information or advice supplied by external sources. PROMOTING CANADIAN CREATORS GLOBALLY The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) is Canada’s most extensive The Canada Council for the Arts is Canada’s public arts funder. Its network of international business professionals. No matter which country mandate is to champion and invest in artistic excellence through you’re targeting or what industry sector you are in, the TCS has informa- grants, services, prizes and payments to Canadian professional tion and tools designed to support your company’s success. The TCS is artists and arts organizations. located in over 160 cities worldwide, providing you with key business insight and access to an unbeatable network of international business International activities are mostly funded through Arts Abroad contacts. (including travel and touring). Some program components are open to foreign artists / arts organizations (e.g. foreign artist tours, With a network of regional offices across Canada, 15 trade offices across festival directors, international translation, etc.). China, colocation with provincial partners as well as collaboration with other governmental departments, the TCS provides the following services: Arts Abroad Programs include: Preparation for international markets Travel Market potential assessment Representation and Promotion Qualified contacts Translation Problem solving Circulation and Touring Residencies Find a Canadian Trade Commissioner at: Co-productions tradecommissioner.gc.ca Or contact our team in China at: [email protected] CANADA’S FOOTPRINT ON THE GROUND Shenyang BEIJING Tianjin Embassy of Canada to China: Beijing Qingdao Consulates General: Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Hong Kong Nanjing Xi’an Shanghai Hangzhou Canadian Trade Offices: Shenyang, Qingdao, Nanjing, Chengdu Wuhan Chongqing Wuhan, Chengdu, Shenzhen, Xi’an, Xiamen, Hangzhou and Tianjin Xiamen Guangzhou Shenzhen Hong Kong TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 VISUAL ARTS, MUSEUMS AND EXHIBITIONS 1 2 THEATRE AND LIVE ENTERTAINMENT 17 3 FILM AND VIDEO 36 4 VIDEO GAMES / VIRTUAL REALITY 54 / 68 VISUAL ARTS, MUSEUMS AND 1 EXHIBITIONS 2 MUSEUM SECTOR BOOMING IN CHINA STILL ROOM FOR EXPANSION In just eight years, the number of museums in China more than Despite this dramatic expansion, China’s cultural infrastructure still doubled – from 1,722 museums in 2007 to 4,510 museums by 2015. lags behind many developed countries. While Canada has 65 museums per million people, China still has only 3 museums per million people. NUMBER OF MUSEUMS China Canada 5000 CHINA CANADA 4000 4510 3000 2500 2600 2600 2000 1722 1515 1000 3x MUSEUMS 65x MUSEUMS 2005 2007 2015 Source: Canada Museum Association, 2015; PER ONE MILLION POPULATION State Administration of Culture Heritage, 2015 3 MUSEUM SECTOR BOOMING IN CHINA PRIVATE MUSEUMS IN CHINA TRIPLED OVER FIVE YEARS The Chinese government supports the growth of private museums through favorable policy. The 2010 Suggestion to One of the most remarkable developments in the Chinese cultural sector Encourage Private Museums by the State Administration of is the explosive growth in the number of private museums and galleries. In Culture Heritage (SACH) included details of subsidy support 2009 there were 277 in the country; by 2014 there were 864. This is an for businesses, primarily property developers, who invest in increase of 312%, compared to a 45% increase in public museums in private museums. China over the same period. Private museums are usually founded and funded by wealthy individuals, famous art collectors or property developers. NUMBER OF PRIVATE MUSEUMS INCREASE - PUBLIC VS. PRIVATE 1000 PRIVATE MUSEUMS OVER 20% OF MUSEUMS IN CHINA ARE PRIVATE 800 864 Some private museums are better resourced and equipped 600 312% than public museums, boasting substantial collections. They are able to host touring shows