DOCSLIB.ORG

ASEF 1-2-2011.Indb

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ASEF 1-2-2011.Indb Ann. soc. entomol. Fr. (n.s.), 2011, 47 (1–2) : 241-259 ARTICLE Species level taxonomy of the Neotropical hairstreak genus Porthecla (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Th eclinae: Eumaeini) Christophe Faynel (1), Robert C. Busby (2), Alfred Moser (3) & Robert K. Robbins (4) (1) 16 rue des Aspres, F-34160 Montaud, France (2) Countryside Way 7, Andover, MA 01810-6041 USA (3) Av. W. Rotermund, 1045 93030-000 São Leopoldo, RS Brasil (4) Department of Entomology, PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA Abstract. The species level taxonomy of Porthecla is revised. Six previously described species are recognized: P. ravus (Druce 1907); P. barba (Druce 1907); P. dinus (Hewitson 1867); P. porthura (Druce 1907); P. minyia (Hewitson 1867); P. gemma (Druce 1907), and another six new species are proposed: P. forasteira Faynel & Moser n. sp.; P. annette Faynel & Robbins n. sp.; P. johanna Faynel & Robbins n. sp.; P. peruensis Faynel & Moser n. sp.; P. prietoi Faynel & Busby n. sp. and P. willmotti Busby, Faynel & Moser n. sp. For each Porthecla species we present diagnostic characters, images of male and female adults, drawings of male and female genitalia, distribution maps, and notes on habitat and other biological traits. An identifi cation key for males is provided. To stabilize names; lectotypes are designated for Thecla minyia Hewitson 1867, and Thecla gemma Druce 1907. Wing pattern resemblances between Porthecla and other genera are discussed. Résumé. Les espèces du genre néotropical Porthecla (Lepidoptera : Lycaenidae : Theclinae : Eumaeini). Six espèces décrites sont reconnues : P. ravus (Druce 1907); P. barba (Druce 1907) ; P. dinus (Hewitson 1867) ; P. porthura (Druce 1907) ; P. minyia (Hewitson 1867) ; P. gemma (Druce 1907), et six espèces nouvelles sont décrites : P. forasteira Faynel & Moser n. sp. ; P. annette Faynel & Robbins n. sp. ; P. johanna Faynel & Robbins n. sp. ; P. peruensis Faynel & Moser n. sp. ; P. prietoi Faynel & Busby n. sp. and P. willmotti Busby, Faynel & Moser n. sp.. Pour toutes ces espèces, les caractères diagnostiques, les dessins des genitalia mâle et femelle, les photographies des adultes des deux sexes, les cartes de distribution et des remarques sur leur biologie et leur habitat sont donnés. Une clé d’identifi cation pour les mâles est fournie. Des lectotypes sont désignés pour Thecla minyia Hewitson 1867, et Thecla gemma Druce 1907. Les ressemblances alaires intra et inter spécifi ques sont étudiées. Keywords: Oenomaus, Th epytus, South-America, lectotypes, wing pattern. enomaus Hübner 1819 and Porthecla Robbins that this wing pattern might be a synapomorphy for O2004 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Th eclinae: Oenomaus. However, Th ecla melleus Druce 1907, one Eumaeini) are diff erentiated from other Panthiades of the species with this wing pattern, has been placed Section genera primarily by the absence of an orange- both in Porthecla (Robbins 2004) and in Oenomaus red cubital spot on the ventral surface of the hindwing (Faynel 2007) because its genitalic morphology is (Robbins & Duarte 2004). Oenomaus and Porthecla, diffi cult to interpret. Irrespective, in this paper we however, cannot be distinguished from each other by show that another species with O. atena wing pattern wing pattern alone (fi gs. 1–21 for Porthecla, Faynel has genitalia that place it defi nitively in Porthecla, so it & Moser 2008 for Oenomaus), which is probably the would appear that the “atena wing pattern” is a shared main reason why these Neotropical genera were not primitive trait. delimited until recently (Robbins 2004). In contrast to Oenomaus, some Porthecla species, Although Oenomaus species display a wide range of especially P. porthura (Druce 1907), P. minyia ventral wing patterns, 85% of the described species have (Hewitson 1867), and P. gemma (Druce 1907), have a wing pattern that is very similar to that of O. atena a large, conspicuous red spot next to the body at the (Hewitson 1867) (fi g. 1 in Faynel 2008). Th is suggests base of the ventral hindwing (fi gs. 10–21). Th ese species resemble sympatric species in unrelated genera (such as Atlides inachus (Cramer 1775), Janthecla E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], rocena (Hewitson 1867), Olynthus ophelia (Hewitson [email protected], [email protected] 1867)), a phenomenon that was recently highlighted Accepté le 30 septembre 2010 in the Panthiades Section genus Th epytus Robbins, 241 Ch. Faynel, R. C. Busby, A. Moser & R. K. Robbins 2004 (Robbins et al. 2010). While this is fascinating Genitalic terms follow those in Klots (1970), as modifi ed for the biologically, it is responsible for misidentifi cations, Eumaeini in Robbins (1991). Wing veins are named following such as the incorrect records of P. minyia from Central Comstock (1918), and wing cells are named by the veins that border them. Androconial terminology follows Robbins (1991). America (Godman & Salvin 1887–1901; de la Maza Otherwise, morphological terms follow Snodgrass (1935). 1987). In addition to a section listing the material examined, we map A phylogenetic analysis is necessary to study distributions so that these ranges can be visualized in relation the evolution of ventral wing patterns in Oenomaus to physical features, such as mountains and river valleys. We and Porthecla and to determine the correct generic sometimes combine distributions of unrelated species on a map placement for Th ecla melleus. Unfortunately, the large with the aim of minimizing the number of maps. number of undescribed species in Oenomaus and Abbreviations used repeatedly in the text are (FW) forewing, Porthecla has hindered such an analysis. For example, (HW) hindwing, (D) dorsal, (V) ventral and (SD) standard deviation. Brazilian and Peruvian states are noted by their Oenomaus contained six described species (Robbins standard two letter abbreviations. 2004), but now consists of 20 species (not including T. We supplemented our study series with specimens from private melleus) (Faynel 2006; Faynel 2008; Faynel & Moser collections because many Porthecla species are poorly represented 2008). Similarly, Porthecla contained six described in museum collections. Acronyms for public museums follow species (Robbins 2004, not including melleus), but http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/codens/codens-inst.html: there are just as many undescribed ones. BMNH Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Th e purpose of this paper is to treat the species CF private collection of Christophe Faynel, Montpellier, France; level taxonomy of Porthecla, including the description CP private collection of Carlos Prieto, Cali, Colombia; DZUP Universidade Federal do Paraná, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; of six new species. We use these results to show that FSMC Allyn Museum, Florida Museum of Natural History, the O. atena ventral wing pattern occurs in Porthecla, University of Florida, USA; HD private collection of Hans regardless of the generic placement of T. melleus. We also Dahners, Cali, Colombia; HNHM Hungarian Museum of document the conspicuous similarity in ventral wing Natural History, Budapest, Hungary; ICN Instituto de Ciencas pattern among those sympatric species that look like P. Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá; JFL private collection of Jean-François Lecrom, Cali, Colombia; porthura and relatives. However, the primary reason for MC private collection of Alfred Moser, São Leopoldo, RS, documenting the species level taxonomy of Porthecla is Brazil; MHNUC Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de that it is another step towards making a phylogenetic Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; MNHN Muséum d’Histoire analysis of Porthecla + Oenomaus feasible. naturelle de Paris, Paris, France; MUSM Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Materials and methods. Perú; MZSP Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Th is paper is based on 191 male and 99 female pinned specimens São Paulo, SP, Brazil; PB private collection of Pierre Boyer, Le of Porthecla in the public and private collections listed below. Puy-Sainte-Réparade, France; PJJ private collection of Pierre Each species that belongs to Porthecla (as characterized in et Jacques Jauff ret, Santo Antonio do Tauá, Pará, Brazil; RCB Faynel, 2006) is reviewed. Because a phylogenetic analysis is private collection of Robert C. Busby, Andover, MA, USA; yet premature, we provisionally order species by similarity of USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian wing pattern and genitalic characters as summarized in the Institution, Washington, DC, USA; ZSM Zoologische Discussion. Although three of the newly described species are Staatssammlung, München, Germany. known from less than fi ve specimens each, the variation that we document is more compatible with specifi c distinctness Results than with intraspecifi c variation, as noted in the individual species diagnoses. In addition to the detailed comparisons of wing patterns with other Porthecla and Oenomaus species in the Porthecla Robbins 2004 diagnoses, we discuss similarities with other genera in separate Type species: Th ecla porthura Druce 1907 sections on “wing pattern similarities”. Adult size is given as Diagnosis. Porthecla + Oenomaus is distinguished by the lack forewing length, measured from the wing base to its apex. of a ventral hindwing orange cubital spot and by the lamella Traditional methods were used to dissect genitalia: each postvaginalis of the ductus bursae split into two slim posterior abdomen was placed in a 10% KOH solution (potassium
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Acta Zool. Hung. 53 (Suppl
    Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53 (Suppl. 1), pp. 211–224, 2007 THE DESCRIPTION OF THERITAS GOZMANYI FROM THE ANDES AND ITS SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION WITH SOME NOTES ON THE GENUS (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE: EUMAEINI) BÁLINT, ZS.1, WOJTUSIAK, J.2, KERTÉSZ, K.3 and BIRÓ, L. P.3 1Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] 2Zoological Museum, Jagiellonian University, 30–060 Kraków, Ingardena 6, Poland 3Department of Nanotechnology, Research Institute for Technical Physics and Material Science H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Box 49, Hungary A key for separating sister genera Arcas SWAINSON, 1832 and Theritas HÜBNER, 1818, plus eight nominal species placed in Theritas is given. Three species groups within the latter genus are distinguished. A new species, Theritas gozmanyi BÁLINT et WOJTUSIAK, sp. n. is described form Ecuador. The presence of a discal scent pad on the fore wing dorsal surface and spectral characteristics of the light reflected from the central part of the discal cell were used as charac- ters for discrimination of the new species. Key words: androconial clusters, spectroscopy, structural colours, Theritas species-groups INTRODUCTION The generic name Theritas was established by monotypy for the new species Theritas mavors by HÜBNER (1818). The genus-group name was not in general use until the revision of D’ABRERA (1995), who placed 23 species-group taxa in Theritas on the basis of the character “the pennent-like tail which projects out- wards, and an approximate right angle from, and as a part of, a squared-off projec- tion of the tapered h.
    [Show full text]
  • INSECTA MUNDIA Journal of World Insect Systematics
    INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0506 Annotated checklist and biogeographic composition of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad, West Indies Matthew J.W. Cock CABI, Bakeham Lane Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY United Kingdom Robert K. Robbins Smithsonian Institution PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 105 (E-514) Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA Date of Issue: October 21, 2016 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Matthew J.W. Cock and Robert K. Robbins Annotated checklist and biogeographic composition of the Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad, West Indies Insecta Mundi 0506: 1–33 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:37A7668A-0D83-4DB0-BD28-C36302F18398 Published in 2016 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medical entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi publishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication. Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Ab- stracts, etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by the editorial board to ensure quality.
    [Show full text]
  • Family LYCAENIDAE: 268 Species GOSSAMERWINGS
    Family LYCAENIDAE: 268 species GOSSAMERWINGS Subfamily Miletinae: 1 (hypothetical) species Harvesters Feniseca tarquinius tarquinius Harvester Hypothetical, should occur in N Tamaulipas, but currently unknown from Mexico Subfamily Lycaeninae: 6 species Coppers Iophanus pyrrhias Guatemalan Copper Lycaena arota arota Tailed Copper Lycaena xanthoides xanthoides Great Copper Lycaena gorgon gorgon Gorgon Copper Lycaena helloides Purplish Copper Lycaena hermes Hermes Copper Subfamily Theclinae: 236 species Hairstreaks Tribe Theclini: 3 species Hairstreaks Hypaurotis crysalus crysalus Colorado Hairstreak Habrodais grunus grunus Golden Hairstreak verification required for Baja California Norte Habrodais poodiae Baja Hairstreak Tribe Eumaeini: 233 Hairstreaks Eumaeus childrenae Great Cycadian (= debora) Eumaeus toxea Mexican Cycadian Theorema eumenia Pale-tipped Cycadian Paiwarria antinous Felders' Hairstreak Paiwarria umbratus Thick-tailed Hairstreak Mithras sp. undescribed Pale-patched Hairstreak nr. orobia Brangas neora Common Brangas Brangas coccineifrons Black-veined Brangas Brangas carthaea Green-spotted Brangas Brangas getus Bright Brangas Thaeides theia Brown-barred Hairstreak Enos thara Thara Hairstreak Enos falerina Falerina Hairstreak Evenus regalis Regal Hairstreak Evenus coronata Crowned Hairstreak Evenus batesii Bates’ Hairstreak Atlides halesus corcorani Great Blue Hairstreak Atlides gaumeri White-tipped Hairstreak Atlides polybe Black-veined Hairstreak Atlides inachus Spying Hairstreak Atlides carpasia Jeweled Hairstreak Atlides
    [Show full text]
  • Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
    INTR0DUCrION ATLAS OF NEOTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA INTRODUCTION TO THE CHECKLIST OF EUMAEINI LYCAENLDAE Robert K. Robbins The purpose of this preface is to give the rationale for the taxonomic arrangement of the checklist of Eumaeini, followed by discussions of how the checklist was organized, how decisions were made, and what was learned. I address the discussions successively at the specific, generic, and tribal levels. A concluding author's note explains why some previous taxonomic results were not used. The Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera ANL Checklist classification of 1,058 Neotropical eumaeine species partitioned into 83 genera and 15 sections' following the scheme in Eliot, 1973 is the first comprehensive taxonomic arrangement of these butterflies since Draudt 1919-20. A primary reason for this long interval is that most eumaeines are extraordinarily rare in collections. For example, about 20% of the species recognized in this checklist were not represented in major museum collections 25 years ago, and many eumaeine species, including some described two centuries ago, are still known from less than five individuals. A second reason for the long interval has been the lack of a higher classification discussed briefly below. For example, Janthecla Robbins & Yenables was distinguished from the entire Eumaeini because the genera that are closely related to Janthecla were unknown Robbins and Venables, 1991. Although it may be somewhat unorthodox to introduce a new taxonomic arrangement in a checklist, there is no comprehensive alternative classification, and it is my hope that this arrangement will provide the framework necessary to stimulate further research. The checklist includes 1,871 specific names attributable to the Neotropical Eumaeini cf.
    [Show full text]
  • The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera Volume 41 2002 (2009) the Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera
    The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera Volume 41 2002 (2009) Volume Lepidoptera the on Research of Journal The The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera Volume 41 2002 (2009) IN THIS ISSUE Date of publication: January 31, 2009 PAPERS The life history of Hypanartia dione dione (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in northeastern Ecuador Harold F. Greeney and Carina Chicaiza Aguirre 1 Updated phylogeny, taxonomy, and diversification ofJanthecla Robbins & Venables (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini) Robert K. Robbins and Robert C. Busby 5 δ 15N analyses of butterfly wings and bodies suggest minimal nitrogen absorption in carrion and dung puddling butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Freerk Molleman and Jeremy Midgley 14 Cost-effectiveness of Philippine butterfly species used in live exhibits: an assessment of longevity, encounter rate and behaviour. Laura J. Robson, Adrienne Brewster and Gard Otis 17 The Neo-Riparian butterfly fauna of western Argentina Arthur M. Shapiro 24 Revisiting the pre-European butterfly fauna of the Sacramento Valley, California Arthur M. Shapiro 31 Population biology of Euptoieta hegesia (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Argynnini) in an urban area in Southeastern Brazil Julia Losada Tourinho and André Victor Lucci Freitas 40 Observations of overwintering nymphalid butterflies in underground shelters in SW and W Bohemia (Czech Republic) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalini) Libor Dvoŕák, Joseph Belicek and Zdenĕk Fric 45 A revised classification scheme for larval hesperiid shelters, with comments on shelter diversity in the Pyrginae Harold F. Greeney 53 Preliminary field survey of butterflies on Xishan Hill (Kunming, Yunnan Province, China) Hu Shaoji 60 A newly observed form of symbiotic relationship between Reverdin’s blue Lycaeides argyrognomon praeterinsularis (Verity), (Lycaenidae) and Camponotus japonicus Mayr (Formicidae) Michihito Watanabe and Yasuo Hagiwara 70 NOTES Fabaceae, a new host plant family for Hypanartia and for the Neotropical Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Lucas A.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (1.24 MB PDF)
    BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM Published by THE ALLYN MUSEUM OF ENTOMOLOGY Sarasota, Florida Number 24 28 February 1975 LARVAL FOOD PLANTS FOR SEVEN SPECIES OF HAIRSTREAKS (LYCAENIDAE) FROM MEXIC01 Roy 0 . Kendall2 Route 4, Box 104-EB, Sa n Antonio, Texas 78228 USA From 17-XII-1973 to 28-11-1974, my wife Connie and I did field work on the Lepidoptera, primarily Rhopalocera, in the area around Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The objective was to determine larval foodplants for as many Texas/ Mexican Rhopalocera as possible. This area was selected for study because it is relatively near Texas (ca. 375 air km); the Thorn Forest & Scrub, and Thorn Desert of the area provide an abundance of plants, many of which also are found in extreme south Texas; the nearby Tropical Deciduous, Tropical Semi-Evergreen, Evergreen and Cloud Forests provide additional diversified habitats and climates for related studies. So far as I can determine, the larval foodplants given below are recorded from Mexico for the first time. Standley (1920-1926) was the principal reference used in making the botanical determinations. Of the 7 lycaenids, 5 are found in the United States, and 4 of the 5 have been found only in Texas. No attempt has been made to give total range or distribution of the insect, but if it occurs north ofthe Rio Grande, this fact is mentioned. Pseudolycaena marsyas damo (Druce) 1875 This insect was found in fair numbers in the mountains around Cd. Mante; however, all examples taken were worn. On 19-I-74, about 20 km west of Highway 85 on the road to Ocampo, at about 1545 hrs., Connie observed a <;> oviposit on the juvenile leaves of Croton niveus Jacq., EUPHORBIACEAE.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated List of the Lepidoptera of Honduras
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 2-29-2012 An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras Jacqueline Y. Miller University of Florida, [email protected] Deborah L. Matthews University of Florida, [email protected] Andrew D. Warren University of Florida, [email protected] M. Alma Solis Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agriculture Research Service, USDA, [email protected] Donald J. Harvey Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Miller, Jacqueline Y.; Matthews, Deborah L.; Warren, Andrew D.; Solis, M. Alma; Harvey, Donald J.; Gentili- Poole, Patricia; Lehman, Robert; Emmel, Thomas C.; and Covell, Charles V., "An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras" (2012). Insecta Mundi. 725. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/725 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Jacqueline Y. Miller, Deborah L. Matthews, Andrew D. Warren, M. Alma Solis, Donald J. Harvey, Patricia Gentili-Poole, Robert Lehman, Thomas C. Emmel, and Charles V. Covell This article is available at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/ insectamundi/725 INSECTA A Journal of World Insect Systematics MUNDI 0205 An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Honduras Jacqueline Y. Miller, Deborah L.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera of North America 4
    Lepidoptera of North America 4. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University Lepidoptera of North America. 4. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico by Paul A. Opler Department of Bioagricultural Sciences Colorado State University · Fort Collins, CO 80523 [email protected] Research Associate, Department of Entomology Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 20560 and Andrew D. Warren Department of Entomology Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331 [email protected] Research Associate, Museo de Zoologia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apdo. Postal 70-399, Mexico, D.F. 04510 Mexico November 10, 2004 Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity Colorado State University This list generally follows the order found in the Miller and Brown (1981) Catalogue/Checklist of the Butterflies ofNorth America and the supplement to that list by Ferris (1989c), both published as Memoirs of the Lepidopterists' Society. Generic name usage is conservative (when opinions vary on how to divide monophyletic groups) and generally follows that used in A Field Guide to Eastern Butterflies (Opler 1992, 1998), A Field Guide to Western Butterflies (Opler 1999) and the Stanford and Opler (1993) Atlas to Western USA Butterflies (updated as Opler et al. 2000). Some changes are made to conform with recent research results (e.g. Emmel 1998) and with Palaearctic and Neotropical publications (see References). The list that follows includes superfamily, family, and subfamily categories (with tribes for some Lycaenidae), generally in accord with the arrangement presented by de Jong et al.
    [Show full text]
  • REGUA Butterfly List
    Butterflies of REGUA Family Subfamily Tribe Scientific name English name Papilionidae Papilioninae Leptocircini Eurytides bellerophon (Dalman, 1823) Bellerophon Kite-Swallowtail Eurytides dolicaon deicoon (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1864) Dolicaon Kite-Swallowtail Mimoides lysithous lysithous (Hübner, [1821]) and M. l. Lysithous Kite-Swallowtail harrisianus (Swainson, 1822) Mimoides protodamas (Godart, 1819) Protodamas Kite-Swallowtail Neographium asius (Fabricius, 1781) Asius Kite-Swallowtail Neographium thyastes thyastes (Drury, 1782) Orange Kite-Swallowtail Protesilaus protesilaus nigricornis (Staudinger, 1884) Great Kite-Swallowtail Protesilaus stenodesmus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) Stenodesmus Kite-Swallowtail Protesilaus telesilaus vitellus (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Telesilaus Kite-Swallowtail Papilionini Heraclides anchisiades capys (Hübner, [1809]) Ruby-spotted Swallowtail Heraclides androgeus laodocus (Fabricius, 1793) Androgeus Swallowtail Heraclides astyalus astyalus (Godart, 1819) Broad-banded Swallowtail Heraclides thoas brasiliensis (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) Thoas Swallowtail Heraclides torquatus polybius (Swainson, 1823) Torquatus Swallowtail Pterourus cleotas (G. Gray, 1832) Crimson-spotted Swallowtail Pterourus scamander grayi (Boisduval, 1836) Scamander Swallowtail Troidini Battus crassus crassus (Cramer, 1777) Crassus Swallowtail Battus polydamas polydamas (Linnaeus, 1758) Polydamas Swallowtail Parides anchises nephalion (Godart, 1819) Anchises Cattleheart Parides ascanius (Cramer, 1775) Ascanius Cattleheart Parides tros tros
    [Show full text]
  • Full Article
    A journal of world insect systematics INSECTA MUNDI 0861 The lycaenid butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera) of Cosñipata, Peru: Page Count: 34 annotated checklist, elevational patterns, and rarity Gerardo Lamas Lamas et al. Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru Michael L. McInnis 3620 Eagles Trace Floyds Knobs, Indiana 47119-9103, USA Robert C. Busby 9275 Hollow Pine Drive Estero, Florida 34135, USA Robert K. Robbins Department of Entomology NHB Stop 127, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC 20560-7012, USA Date of issue: April 30, 2021 Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc., Gainesville, FL Lamas G, McInnis ML, Busby RC, Robbins RK. 2021. The lycaenid butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera) of Cosñipata, Peru: annotated checklist, elevational patterns, and rarity. Insecta Mundi 0861: 1–34. Published on April 30, 2021 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P.O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non- marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy, nomenclature, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medi- cal entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi publishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication. Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources, including the Zoological Record and CAB Abstracts. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an individual number.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the Species Level Taxonomy of the Neotropical Butterfly Genus Oenomaus (Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 222:Review 11–45 (2012) of the species level taxonomy of the neotropical butterfly genusOenomaus ... 11 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.222.3375 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Review of the species level taxonomy of the neotropical butterfly genus Oenomaus (Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini) Christophe Faynel1,†, Robert C. Busby2,‡, Robert K. Robbins3,§ 1 16 rue des Aspres, F-34160 Montaud, France 2 7 Countryside Way, Andover, MA 01810-6041 USA 3 Department of Entomology, PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:38C2FC5F-7A0A-4A8B-A486-4E650745FD7D ‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:4F3EA150-C9F6-4EC7-A88C-59FD6D256B5A § urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:44061674-2F12-49EE-BC5F-A264F51A3391 Corresponding author: Christophe Faynel ([email protected]) Academic editor: Carlos Peña | Received 11 May 2012 | Accepted 28 August 2012 | Published 20 September 2012 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B5F5FE01-C483-4CBE-946A-320150B85E29 Citation: Faynel C, Busby RC, Robbins RK (2012) Review of the species level taxonomy of the neotropical butterfly genus Oenomaus (Lycaenidae, Theclinae, Eumaeini). ZooKeys 222: 11–45. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.222.3375 Abstract Seven new species of the Neotropical hairstreak genus Oenomaus are described: O. mancha Busby & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); O. gwenish Robbins & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Panama); O. lea Faynel & Robbins, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); O. myrteana Busby, Robbins & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); O. mentirosa Faynel & Robbins, sp. n. (type locality Peru); O. andi Busby & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador) and O.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies of Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Butterflies of Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge How to Use This Checklist Whites and Sulphurs __Aquamarine Hrstrk Oenomaus ortygnus X The butterflies of Santa Ana National Wildlife Family: Pieridae __Gray Hairstreak Strymon melinus A Refuge are mainly tropical, with many species As their common name suggests, whites and __Rd-cres. Scrub-Hrstrk Strymon rufofusca R occurring only as occasional migrants or transients sulphurs show shades of white, yellow, or yellowish- __Rd-lined Scrub-Hrstrk Strymon bebrycia R from Mexico. green. Most have subtle reddish or white markings __Yojoa Scrub-Hairstreak Strymon yojoa O This checklist is arranged according to the on their underside. They can be large to small __White Scrub-Hairstreak Strymon albata R North American Butterfly Association Checklist but most are mid-sized. The caterpillars tend to __Lacey’s Scrub-Hairstreak Strymon alea R and English Names of North American Butterflies. be green and cylindrical. Host plants are mostly __Mallow Scrub-Hrstrk Strymon columella C Data for this checklist were compiled by Edward Brassicaceae (mustard family) for whites and __Tailless Scrub-Hairstreak Strymon cestri O __Ruddy Hrstrk Electrostrymon sangala R C. Knudson. Jeffrey Glassberg also commented on Fabaceae (bean family) for sulphurs. Adults are __Muted Hairstreak Electrostrymon canus X the list, and Mike Quinn made most final decisions often seen drinking on damp earth, an activity __Dusky-blue Groundstrk Calycopis isobeon C for abundance codes. Recent taxonomic changes are refered to as “mud puddling.” Lyside Sulphurs __Red-spotted Hairstreak Tmolus echion X indicated with the former taxon in parentheses. sometimes migrate in huge numbers.
    [Show full text]