The Beatles: Ensaio Sobre a Ética Do Amor

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The Beatles: Ensaio Sobre a Ética Do Amor Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais THE BEATLES: ENSAIO SOBRE A ÉTICA DO AMOR Francisco Flávio Oliveira dos Anjos Natal/RN 2007 FRANCISCO FLÁVIO OLIVEIRA DOS ANJOS THE BEATLES: ENSAIO SOBRE A ÉTICA DO AMOR Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Ciências Sociais, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Sociais, sob a orientação da Professora Dra. Maria da Conceição Xavier de Almeida. Natal/RN 2007 FRANCISCO FLÁVIO OLIVEIRA DOS ANJOS THE BEATLES: ENSAIO SOBRE A ÉTICA DO AMOR Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- graduação em Ciências Sociais, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Sociais, sob a orientação da Professora Dra. Maria da Conceição Xavier de Almeida. Natal/RN 2007 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais A dissertação intitulada “ The Beatles: ensaio sobre a ética do amor ” foi submetida à banca examinadora, recebendo o conceito ______. BANCA EXAMINADORA ______________________________________________________________ Profª.Drª. Maria da Conceição Xavier de Almeida / UFRN Orientadora ______________________________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Josineide Silveira de Oliveira/UERN. Examinador externo _______________________________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Josimey Costa da Silva/UFRN Examinador interno _______________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Alexsandro Galeno Araújo Dantas Suplente DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a meu tio Hélio, que me ensinou a importância do idealismo; às minhas filhas Andréa Flávia e Maria Clara; à minha saudosa tia Aída, que se foi durante este trabalho e a meu tio Azevedo; a todos aqueles que, movidos por seus sonhos e suas paixões, modificam a sua história de vida e a história dos que os rodeiam; aos sonhadores, aos semeadores, aos idealistas, aos que anseiam por um mundo melhor, mais justo, mais igualitário nas suas relações. AGRADECIMENTOS À minha orientadora, Maria da Conceição Xavier de Almeida, pelo que representa como mestre, pela dedicação, pelo exemplo, pela paciência e por ter me possibilitado realizar dois sonhos: o de ser seu orientando e o de abordar o tema deste trabalho; à amiga de todas as horas Josineide Silveira de Oliveira, pela amizade verdadeira; ao meu tio Hélio, por ter me apresentado essa música maravilhosa; aos meus pais, por aquele maravilhoso 5 de março de 1976; ao professor Adílson Gurgel de Castro, pelo incentivo e pelo apoio; a Vera Lúcia Antêvere Mazzarotto, companheira e incentivadora; a todos os que fazem o GRECOM. Resumo O trabalho pretende discutir a ética pela via do amor. Para tanto, utiliza como referência a obra musical e o conjunto de posturas do grupo que modificou as mentalidades através da cultura de massa no século XX, introduzindo uma nova forma de pensar o mundo, The Beatles. Analisando as letras das músicas do grupo e a feitura das canções, procurou-se compreender a mensagem de amor intrínseca na ética expressa. Na arte musical dos Beatles foram anunciadas mensagens políticas numa época em que o mundo buscava um direcionamento ético frente às inúmeras guerras declaradas e à cruel guerra fria. A partir da obra direcionadora de Edgar Morin, O método 6, Ética (2005), buscou-se compreender a idéia que permeia as relações humanas: o bem, o possível e o necessário. Outras obras que servem de suporte cognitivo foram Meus Demônios (2003) e Cultura de Massas no Século XX: necrose (2006), ambas do mesmo autor, Edgar Morin, e ainda The Beatles, Antologia (2000). Detendo a idéia de ética apresentada por Morin, foram traçadas linhas imaginárias que perpassam as posturas do grupo de rapazes conhecido no mundo inteiro, e que até os dias atuais são entendidos como mensageiros da tolerância, da compreensão, da paz, do amor e da resistência. Os Beatles operaram durante a década de 1960 um renascimento musical, o qual permitiu às massas a discussão e a reflexão acerca do mundo e da nova postura do humano, resistente, embora tolerante. Permeando o estudo central, apresenta-se a trajetória dos Beatles, a origem do grupo, a caminhada rápida ao sucesso, a busca espiritual orientadora da conduta do grupo e o seu fim. A música utilizada como instrumento de comunicação de massa ultrapassa a condição de simples comunicadora. Sua ação mais profunda alimenta sentimentos, permite a transcendência e configura-se como objeto de transmutação do humano. A ética na música perpassa as barreiras ideológicas e chega à compreensão numa clara sintonia para o homem, pois a polifonia e a nova ordem musical estabelecem uma universalização das mensagens. Palavras-chave : Ética, Amor, Beatles, cultura de massa. ABSTRACT The thesis intends to discuss the ethics by the way of love. So, it uses as a mention the musical work and the set of attitudes of the group that changed the way of thinking across the 20 th Century mass-comm, entering a new way of thinking about the World: The Beatles. Analyzing the lyrics and the writing of the songs was searched the comprehension of he intrinsic love message at the Ethics it expresses. At the musical art of The Beatles political messages had been announced in a time that the World sought a Ethic way beyond the several declared war and the Cold War. Taking the Edgar Morin works as a base, O método 6, Ética (2005), it sought to understand the idea who permeates the human relations: the good, the possible, the necessary. Another works used as a cognitive base were Meus demônios (2003), Cultura de massas no Século XX: neurose (2005), Cultura de massas no Século XX (2006), The Beatles Anthology (2000) and Many years from now (2000). Holding the Ethics idea showed by Morin were established imaginary lines that perpass the behavior of the group known in the entire World understood till nowadays as tolerance, comprehension, peace, love and endurance messengers. The Beatles operate during the sixties a musical reborn, which allowed to the people the discussion and the reflexion about the World and the human being new behavior, endurance but acting with tolerance. Permeating the basic study, we find the Beatles way, the group origin, the fast walk till success, the spiritual choice, who guide their behavior and the end of the band. The music used as a mass- comp instrument passes by the condition of a simple way of communicating. It deeply action feeds feelings, allows transcendence and is showed as target of human being transformation. The Ethics in music passes by the ideological barriers and becomes to comprehension with a clear synthony for the man, cause the polyphony and the new musical order establish the messages worldwide. Key-words: Ethics, love, Beatles, mass-comm. Lista de figuras Figura 1 – Capa do Álbum A collection of Beatles oldies…but goldies Figura 2 – Colagem: John, George, Paul, Ringo, na adolescência. Figura 3 – Vista aérea de Liverpool. Figura 4 – George, John, Paul e Stuart em Hamburgo. Figura 5 – Elvis Presley. Figura 6 – Brian Epstein. Figura 7 – George, Paul, John e Ringo se apresentando no Cavern Club Figura 8 – Entrevista coletiva na chegada aos Estados Unidos (1964) Figura 9 – Gritaria das fãs Figura 10 – Membros da Ordem do Império Britânico (1965) Figura 11 – Capa do álbum Rubber Soul Figura 12 – Fogueira Beatle Figura 13 – Objetos relacionados aos Beatles sendo empilhados para queima Figura 14 – Discos dos Beatles sendo quebrados Figura 15 – Lennon salva: Figura 16 – A Ku Klux Klan ameaça os Beatles Figura 17 – Capa do álbum With The Beatles ( 1963) Figura 18 – Colagem (1967) Figura 19 – A banda com Brian Figura 20 – Filmagens de Magical Mistery Tour Figura 21 – Animação Yellow Submarine Figura 22 – John (1969) Figura 23 – John na infância Figura 24 – John e Julia Figura 25 – Paul (1964) Figura 26 – Paul e Jim Figura 27 –George Harrison (1962) Figura 28 – George Harrison (1966) Figura 29 – Ravi Shankar Figura 30 – Palco do Concerto para George (2002) Figura 31 – Eric Clapton no Concerto para George (2002) Figura 32 – Tom Petty no Concerto para George (2002) Figura 33 – Ringo (1967) Figura 34 – George (1966) Figura 35 – Paul, John, George e Ringo na última sessão de fotos Figura 36 – John e Yoko em passeata Figura 37 – George (1967) Figura 38 – George (1965) Figura 39 – John e Yoko (1971) Figura 40 – John e Paul (1968) Figura 41 – Paul e Linda (1969) Figura 42 – John e Yoko (1969) SUMÁRIO DESLOCAMENTOS 11 DE LIVERPOOL PARA O MUNDO 25 O encontro 28 Semeando sonhos através de viagens musicais 50 Em busca da luz interna 60 A queda da fantasia psicodélica 63 A inevitável fragmentação 65 John - expressão da dor pela arte 68 Paul - a magistral poesia das tolas canções de amor 74 George – o suave choro da guitarra 78 Ringo – o discreto equilíbrio das estrelas 87 90 REVOLUÇÕES DA PAZ Águas de diferentes rios 91 Filhos da mãe natureza 100 Todos nós vivemos em um submarino amarelo 102 Lições de tolerância: compreensão do outro 107 Barricadas de flores 115 O incessante fogo do perdão 126 DERIVAÇÕES E INVERSÕES 134 O amor une 135 O amor separa 146 159 FIM DA BANDA, UNIVERSALIZAÇÃO DA MENSAGEM Deixa estar 160 170 BIBLIOGRAFIA Deslocamentos Música, alimento da alma. Esse clichê configura-se em verdade universal para os amantes da música. Sinto que ela ilumina todos os recantos da minha alma, que me alimenta, que supre necessidades intangíveis, inexplicáveis e da ordem do imponderável. Enxergo a música como parte significativa da minha história de vida. Sou música, sou som, sou melodia; às vezes um canto triste, outras vezes um canto de alegria, mas sempre um canto de esperança. Foi essa mistura de dor, de alegria e de esperança que me identificou com a música de The Beatles, dos anos 1960, verdadeiros ensaios de um “bem-viver” num mundo conturbado.
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