12570 ~: EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE NURSE PRACTITIONER A nurse practitioner should not be con lowing one-hour intervals, allowing one hour fused with a physician's assistant or physi for physical exa.mina tions. cian's extender. Nor is she a. mini-doctor. "A 'Ihe husband-wife relationship in the team physician is disease-oriented rather than co-practice creates no unusual problems. The HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON health-oriented," said Mrs. Frizzell. "The ones they have are "routine and minor," ac OF MARYLAND physician is not trained, for instance, in nu cording to Dr. Frizzell. trition or psycho-social counseling." Nor is authority a problem. "The limits are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Serious ;:;elf-discipline and stringent train pretty well defined using a jointly prepared Wednesday, April 27, 1977 ing is required to become a certified nurse protocol. If anything, it makes us doubly practitioner. A nurse practitioner must be careful." Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, the Fred a registered nurse, licensed by the State Protocol in the medical sense is not ex erick News-Post recently contained a Board of Examiners of Nurses, having pre actly diplomacy. A written protocol is an es feature article on the outstanding work sented credentials and met criteria estab tablished plan of therapy for treating the of Mrs. Jean S. Frizzell, a nurse practi lished by the Board. Generally, after two parameters of a certain disorder. The protocol tioner. Along with her husband, Dr. years' practice as an RN, she then must outlines specific treatment accorded acute, James Frizzell, she renders outstanding attend a formal Nurse Practitioner program episodic and long-term management of in an academic setting. chronic diseases and disorders such as diabe service to the Frederick community and Most stat.es require a year's internship tes and h igh blood pressure. Protocols are both of them are to be congratulated. functioning as a nurse practitioner, fol usually m u tually established between the I think this article does an excellent lowed by an exam to show evidence of clini healt h care practitioners utilizing them. "For job of describing the important contribu cal competence. If passed satisfactorily, meet instance," said Mrs. Frizzell, "if I recom tions of Mrs. Frizzell and other nurse ing other criteria as determined by the indi mend a certain pharmaco therapy, diet or practitioners. I feel that this article vidual state board, the nurse practitioner activity for a patient, Jim and I must agree." might be of interest to other Members of IS certified. Evidence of continuing educa A nurse practitioner at the present time, tion and practice in agencies, hospitals, the cannot legally sign a prescription. Congress by helping to provide an insight U.S. Public Health Service, university infirm Mrs. Frizzell described a typical first ses into the increasingly important role aries. Planned Parenthood clinics, to name sion with a patient. "I take a complete his nurse practitioners are playing in the de but a few, JS required at the end of each tory and perform a physical examination. If livery of health care services. year. Private practice or co-practice with an the patient is a woman, I teach her how to This is particularly relevant, because established physician is rare. self-examine her breasts. I take a Pap smear, of pending legislation which would en Mrs. Frizzell's credentials are impressive. which doesn't have to be done by a physician. able greater participation by nurse prac She was graduated from the University of you know. We talk about female anatomy, titioners in the care of patients using Vermont in 1968 with a BS in Nursing. From birth control, diet and weight control. De Catholic University, Washington, D.C., she pending on the patient's age, we may talk medicare and medicaid. I would, there received her MS in Nursing in 1972. She about menopause. If the patient iS over 40, I fore, like to include the article in the was certified an Adult Nurse Practitioner may su ggest a cardiogram and cancer detec RECORD at this point: in 1974 after having attended the Northeast tion program." BEYOND THE RN-THE NURSE PRACTITIONER Regional Medical Program at the University "We talk about health based on the pa (By Pat Sikes) of Vermont. Mrs. Frizzell has supplemented tient's history, comparing h.ealth care needs and continued her education since 1970, ex as perceived by the patient and her family, The nurse practitioner is new to Frederick, panding her knowledge in specific areas re and the extent to which these needs are be but not to the medical coxnmunity. lating to her practice : respiration, diabetes, ing met. The patient is guided to ask herself, So what is a nurse practitioner? cardiology, alcoholism, stroke, nutrition, 'Should I be doing more or should I be doin g A nurse practitioner can be an attractive weight control, digestive disease. Her profes less?' young woman with modishly styled blonde sional experience includes hospital staff .. I test for glaucoma which is usually the hair who speaks medical jargon a mile a nursing, medical-surgical instruction, admin realm of the ophthamologist. If there are minute. istration, primary care perception and re teens in the family, there may be drug-re That's only a thumbna.U sketch of JeanS. search. Since 1973, Mrs. Frizzell has co lated problems which need counsel. The wife Frizzell, A.N.P., who is a member of a small practiced with a physician as an adult nurse and her husband may need marital counsel but growing profession presently numbering practitioner, the last two and one half years ing. If the patient is a smoker, and wishes to approximately 2500 in the U.S., with nearly with her husband. Dr. James A. Frizzell. stop smoking, we outline a program to help. 250 in Maryland. They are graduates of some Technically speaking, a nurse practitioner "If tests reveal a gastrointestinal disorder , 100 programs established over the U.S. to is an RN functioning in an expanded role as Jim may see the patient next. If there is an train the nurse practitioner. Only the Uni a health appraiser. In so doing, the nurse elevation of cholesterol and triglycerides an versity of Maryland and Johns Hopkins Uni practitioner elicits and records a comprehen other appointment is scheduled with me for versity provide the prescribed prozram in sive health care history traditionally asso nutrition counseling. If any time during the the State of Maryland. ciated with the p'hysician. She performs a physical I find anything that is not within Besides the nurse practitioner, nurses are complete physical examination using such my realm, I call Jim over. serving in two other expanded roles--the skills as "auscultation, perc•.lSSion, palpation "We schedule a daily telephone hour for nurse midwife and the nurse anesthetist. and inspection." (To medical illiterates, that the convenience of patients who have ques The concept of a trained person who could means listening, tapping, touching with tions or are anxious to hear lab results." perform basic physical and psycho-social as trained hands and the tools of the medical The role of the nurse practitioner doesn't sessments originated in the early 1960's. Dr. trade. As Mrs. Frizzell demonstrated, a nurse stop with her daily office practice. She iden Henry _Silva and Dr. Loretta Ford of the practitioner has to be able to talk in physi tifies problems in the clinical area that re University of Colorado proposed that there cians' language.") She subsequently initiates quires study, and works independently and/ was a need in the area of preventive medi appropriate screening and diagnostic proce or in collaboration with others in seeking cine for well-baby health care. "A mother dures, recommending x-ray and lab tests, if answers to these problems. She continually with a well baby has lots of questions," said indicated. evaluates the role of the nurse practitioner Mrs. Frizzell, Frederick's only adult nurse In the co-practice of Frizzell and Frizzell, in terms of consumer, self and colleague sat practitioner. the doctor in the house views Mrs. Frizzell's isfaction. It was further proposed that the need contribution as a nurse practitioner as in Mrs. Frizzell is a membe·r of the Maryland could be served by someone other than pedi valuable. ''A physician's assistant would not Nurses' Association. She belongs to a sub atrician. Such a person was needed, for in be able to do what she does," said Dr. Frizzell. group, Primary Care Special Interest, com stance, to perform a routine physical ex "The physician's assistant would not have posed strictly of nurse practitioners special amination, in the school systems, to oversee the background and training for taking case izing in the areas of pediatrics, adults, ob out-patient care. histories.·• stetric-gynecology, school, family. Most mem But the registered nurse was not the com Competent comprehensive case histories bers of the sub-group are ped1a.tric and adult plete answer. To protect the public, ad are extremely important to the Frizzells. practitioners. In sub-group sessions mem vanced training would have to be required. Said Mrs. Frizzell, ..Jim Bnd r share the same bers dialogue on-going practice, comparing A pilot study was conducted to determine philosophy that you can't take care of a toe problems and rewards, discussing inter professional and patient response to the if" you don't know what it's attached to." related audits, sharing news of others in idea. It was highly favorable: In fact, the Doesn't finding out ''what it's attached to" their field within the state. idea went one step farther. The nurse practi take a great deal of time? "We practice slow Just how does the nurse practitioner rate tioner concept was expanded to include medicine," renlied Mrs. Frizzell. "We sched on the current scales? "The role of the nurse adult primary health care. ule appointments at half-hour intervals, al- practitioner has proven itself to be cost ef- April 27, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12571 fective," said Mrs. Frizzell. "There is a high were told, were too complex for one per CONGRESSMAN ANNUNZIO INTRO degree of patient satisfaction with the pri son to make a difference. The only trou DUCES LEGISLATION TO EXEMPT mary health care provided by the nurse ble was that someone apparently forgot $5,000 OF RETIREMENT INCOME practitioner. I receive a great personal satis faction practicing as a nurse practitioner. to explain these facts of life to Mr. Wan FROM TAX The responsibility is greater. When an RN less. He never "understood" what he was makes a mistake it is the hospital's or the up against and in the process knocked doctor's fault, when I make a mistake, it is much of this conventional wisdom into HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO my fault. The financial reward just all de a cocked hat. OF ILLINOIS pends." The story has a faintly familiar ring IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Frizzells were honored this past sum to it because it describes a part of our mer by their selection for study by the Na Wednesday, April 27, 1977 tional Joint Practice Commission. Their co heritage we had almost forgotten, namely practice, combining the physician and the our tradition of good old Yankee inge Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, on nurse practitioner in equal parts, was one nuity. It is a story that has repeated itself March 22, 1977, I introduced H.R. 5293, of 30 U.S. primary care sites chosen. The throughout our history. Mr. Wanless de which would provide a basic $5,000 ex Commission explored the best approach to scribed it this way: "It's not an obvious emption from Federal income tax of re health care in light of economics, patient design-it looks like a dumb thing to do." tirement income for an individual or a satisfaction, viable functioning and service A srokesman for Southern California married couple. This legislation will help to purpose. Dr. and Mrs. Frizzell, their pa tients and other area doctors were inter Edison Co. put it another way: "No one to alleviate the hardship so many of our viewed. Commission findings have yet to be ever thought about doing it the way he older citizens are having to endure by published. did." providing them with some relief from the In the future the role of the nurse practi No doubt the energy establishment in high cost of living and at the same time tioner undoubtedly will be altered. It makes Washington this week will begin the task it will make our income tax system more good medical sense in terms of colleague of reprograming its computers, reworking equit.lble. evaluation health care advances and health its projections of energy consumption, Under present law, benefits paid under care demands. The sharing of inter- and intra-professional evaluations proposes fur drawing new scenarios of a world still the Social Security Act and the Rail ther implications for the education and woefully short on energy. But the picture road Retirement Act are fully exempt practice of the nurse practitioner. Mrs. will have changed significantly for the from Federal income tax. The retirement Frizzell maintains a leader's position to this better because of one man with a differ income of individuals retired under other end. She is associated with the Maryland ent idea. pension plans, public or private, is fully State Board of Examiners of Nurses, Mary taxed once the employees' contributions land Nurses Association, American Nurses are recovered. Association and Sigma Theta Tau, national BARRING U.S. ASSISTANCE TO honorary nurses' fraternity. She is a member Prior to the enactment of the Tax Re of the Board of Directors of the Frederick COUNTRT.ES FO~TFRING ILLEGAL form Act of 1976, relief for persons re County Heart Association, and Public Health NARCOTICS TRAFFIC ceiving taxable pensions ostensibly was chairperson for their Nursing Education available through the use of the retire Committee. ment income credit. Most of the features According to Mrs. Frizzell, the most urgent HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN of the credit had not been revised since problem facing her profession is, "There are OF NEW YOR.K 1962 when the maximum level of income not enough qualified RNs. A person becomes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES an RN in a number of ways. Some could be on which the credit was computed was inadequate. Years of training vary; some may Wednesday, April 27, 1977 set at $1,524. Also, in an effort to make have three years, some four or five. We prefer the treatment of those receiving taxable a baccalureate background and are pushing Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I recently pensions parallel with those receiving for a Master's. The advanced nurse practi introduced H.R. 5135, legislation prohib tax-free social security benefits, rules for tioner must have a Master's degree." iting U.S. foreign assistance to those obtaining the retirement income credit If all nurse practitioners hold themselves countries not taking adequ'lte steps to had become so complex that many to the same hdgh standards as Jean S. prevent narcotic drugs from being il elderly persons did not take advantage Frizzell, her profession is destined to be legally transported, directly or indirectly known as "distinguished:' of it. They found themselves incapable to the United States, or sold within the of computing it. Others found that these jurisdiction of such countries. rules made them ineligible for the credit. As a member of the House Select Com For example, the earnings cutback fea OLD FASHIONED INGENUITY EVEN mittee on Narcotics Abuse and Control, ture of social security was also included WORKS IN ENERGY I have found that while results of some in the rules for obtaining the credit. of our Nation's coordinated efforts aimed Since the base for computing the cred at the illegal narcotics traffic provide· it was restricted to retirement income, HON. BILL FRENZEL some basis for encouragement, the back elderly taxpayers who had to work be OF MINNESOTA of the illegal narcotics network is far cause their pensions were insufficient to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from broken. support them had to subtract all or a Wednesday, April 27, 1977 Since introduction of this bill, a good portion of their earned income from the number of my colleagues h'lve expressed base and often were eliminated from the Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, yesterday their interest in initiating deliberate ac relief provided by the credit. morning's Washington Post carried a tion directed toward ending the ease by The Tax Reform Act of 1976 restruc front page story describing a new energy which illegal narcotics finds its way into tured and converted the retirement in saving electric motor that could do more this Nation. They concur that this meas come credit to a tax credit for the el to advance the cause of energy conserva ure would significantly increase the pres derly, available to taxpayers 65 or over tion than has been accomplished by the sure on those leaders of foreign nations regardless of whether they have retire entire Federal energy establishment sup heretofore unresponsive to the plight of ment income or earned income. The ported by millions of dollars in Federal not just the United Shtes, but also the maximum amount for computing the funding. many other nations that are suffering credit was increased to $2,500 for a single What makes this story so remarkable, from the escalating illegal narcotics person and to $3,750 for a married couple and, at the same time, so familiar, has to traffic. filing a joint return where both are 65 do with the fact that this invention was Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to list the or over. The 1976 act eliminated the produced by one man, Cravens Wanlass, following Members who feel as I that earnings cutback feature for taxpayers working at home without benefit of any legislation of this nature is long overdue 65 and over as well as other rules which Federal funding. and who have cosponsored this bill: coordinated the credit with social secu The story is remar~able because we Mr. Badlllo, Mr. Burgener, Mr. Baucus, Mr. rity and thus greatly simplified its com had come is believe, in this era of NASA Benjamin, Mr. Duncan (Tenn.), Mr. Edgar, putation. type technological advances, that signifi Mr. Edwards (Okla..), Mr. Eilberg, Mr. Ertel, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Lagomnsino, Mr. Mitchell These changes made by the Tax Re cant research could only be done by com {N.Y.), Mr. Mitchell (Md. ), Mr. Montgomery, form Act of 1976 are decided improve mittees backed up by billions of dollars Mr. Neal, Mr. Rangel, Mr. Rinaldo, Mr. Treen, ments over prior law. However, other in in Federal funding. Today's problems, we Mr. Walsh, and Mr. Wlnn. equitable features were introduced or CXXIII--791-Part 10 12572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 continued. Although the earning cutback family with the husband 65 years of age Miller continues to lead a full family life feature was eliminated for taxpayers 65 or older is $6,642. This amount is less with Lucille, his wife of 28 years, and and over, an income phaseout based on than half of the $16,253 median income with his four children, three of whom are adjusted gross income was substituted. for a husband and wife family with the triplets. An "instant family" seems to Under this phaseout, the maximum husband between the ages of 25 and 44. have been a natural response to the pres amount on which the credit is computed The least we can do is give some mini sure of Joe's commitments. must be reduced by $1 for each $2 of ad mal relief to older couples by leaving The city of Hawthorne has been re justed gross income above $7,500 for sin $5,000 of retirement income exempt from vitalized by men like Joe Miller. It is gle taxpayers and $10,000 for married tax. with great personal pleasure that I com couples filing a joint return. Many el The passage of H.R. 5293 is a step in mend the city and Joe Miller on his derly taxpayers who had been eligible the right direction, and I urge the sup selection as the 1977 Hawthorne Citizen for the retirement income credit under port of my colleagues in the Congress for of the Year. prior law were shocked to find in pre this legislation. paring their 1976 tax returns that they were no longer eligible for any credit at all under the new law. The exemption of GLEN ECHO PARK, MD. retirement income provided under my JOE MILLER bill does not include any phaseout pro vision. Thus, the basic amount left tax HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. free can be expected to continue from HON. CHARLES H. WILSON OF MARYLAND OF CALIFORNIA year to year. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A discriminatory feature of prior law IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, April 27, 1977 was continued in the Tax Reform Act of Wednesday, April 27, 1977 1976. This is the application of the tax Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, I include credit for the elderly to taxpayers under Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali in the REcoRD my testimony before the 65 years of age. Just as the retirement fornia. Mr. Speaker, on May 3, the city Interior Subcommittee of the Appro income credit was under prior law, the of Hawthorne, Calif., honors its 1977 priations Committee: elderly credit is only available to those Citizen of the Year, Mr. Joe Miller for TESTIMONY OF CONGRESSMAN NEWTON I. under 65 receiving a pension under a his outstanding service to the commu STEERS, JR. public retirement system. The maximum nity. I wish to bring Joe Miller to the Mr. Chairman: I would like to plead the base for computing the credit is bcreased attention of this Congress in order to case for special, emergency funding for Glen as in the case for taxpayers 65 or over commend to the nation the example of Echo Park, in Glen Echo, Maryland. This to $2,500 for a single taxpayer and $3,750 his civic dedication ana the high caliber Park, located within two miles of the Dis for a married couple filing a joint return. of his achievement. trict of Columbia, has been owned by the However, as under prior law, the base is I have known Joe Miller for m'lny National Park Service for about a year and a half, though it has been operated by the restricted to retirement income and the years. I have had personal acquaintance Park Service for seven years while the Gen earnings cutback feature is retained. The with his outstanding qualities; in par eral Services Administration held title to adjusted gross income phaseout does not ticular, his strong sense of fair play and the property. apply to these retirees. his dedication to the best interests of Glen Echo was acquired by the federal These special provisions for public re Hawthorne. A director of the Hawthorne government in 1969 in order to protect the tirees under age 65 are certainly ques Community Hospital for 4 years, Joe Potomac Palisades from development of high tionable. First, why should one group of Miller was recently installed as the presi rises, which would have adversely affected early retirees be singled out for favorable dent of the hospital board. A Hawthorne the Potomac River shoreline, the C&O Canal tax t':eatment? Increasingly, partici Historic Park, and the Clara Barton House city councilman for the past 12 years and all of which are located adjacent to Glen pants in private pension plans are seek chairman of its Redevelopment Agency, Echo Park. The conc·ept underlying the ing early retirement. There is no reason Joe Miller has served as both mayor and Park-which was once a very popular amuse to expect that their needs in retirement mayor pro tempore of Hawthorne. He ment park-is to return Glen Echo to its will be any different from those of pub actively promoted the development of original purpose, to serve as a "Chautauqua" lic retirees. They should be treated the the recentlv opened Hawthorne Plaza through which culture and crafts can be same by our tax laws. Second, if these shopping mall, which promises to renew taught to the people of this country. Glen public retirees under age 65 do not ea ~n the economic life of the Hawthorne city Echo is the ideal site for such a renaissance income, they do not have to reduce the of the Chautauqua concept, for it was origi center. nally established in the 1890's as the National base for computing the credit even if As if the challenges of city government Chautauqua. After operating for only one their adjusted gross income exceeds the were not enough, Joe is an active mem year as a cultural center for the people of levels applicable to taxpayers age 65 and ber of the Hawthorne Kiwanis Club and the country, the National Chautaqua was over. This gives public retirees under age remains on the YMCA Board of Direc closed because of an outbreak of malaria 65 an advantage over taxpayers age 65 tors. He served with distinction as the which was traced to mosquitos in the caverns and over who do not have earned income. chairman of the Hawthorne Bicentennial of the Park. The Park fell into disrepair and H.R. 5293 eliminates these inequities Committee, and was awarded a specjal finally fell victim to the wreckers ball. since it has no age and income level lim Eventually, the site was rebuilt as the Glen citation and commendation bv President Echo Amusement Park and abandoned in itations, and it does not restrict its ben Ford and the 94th Congress for his pro the 1960's. The present Glen Echo Park could efits to retirees of any particular re fessionalism and ability. The local well fall victim to a fate similiar to that of tirement system. Chamber of Commerce also joined in the original Glen Echo--not related to a Although $5,000 is not a great-deal of recognizing this special achievement. malaria epidemic-but to a lack of con money these days, I believe that remov Special achievement and distinction struction funds for renovation and restora ing this basic amount of retirement in in service to his country are perhaps to tion of the buildings. come from Federal income taxation will be expected of a man who received five The buildings at Glen Echo were in ter lift a tremendous bhrden from that seg Bronze Stars and two Silver Stars for rible shape when it be,came federal property. ment of our society which is leqst able And the Park Service was unable to spend extraordinary service in the U.S. Navy any capital funds on property before it was to carry it. In recent years the financial in World War II. Wi+-h this record, he titled to them, so deterioration continued. problems confronting older Americans was a natural choice for my advisory Presently, the teachers and students of arts have become more and more acute. In Congressional Selection Committee for and crafts who use the Park have pitched flation hits those living on fixed incomes the National Military Academies. in and spent large amounts of their own the hardest. and manv older Americans Joe Miller fulfills his civic responsibili money to restore a variety of buildings. live on fixed income. Increac;es in the cost However, manv of the repairs necessary are ties with a single-mindedness and an in well beyond the means and capabilities of of food, medical care, housing, and tolerence for evasion that the city has the citizens who are helping out. The list transportation are particularly hard on long respected. I know he has brought which I have included demonstrates the them. these same quaHties to his service on the severity of the problems at Glen Echo, as Census :figures for 1974 show that the California State Democratic Committee. perceived by the Park Service in preparing median income for a husband and wife In spite of his many public duties, Joe these estimates. Roofs need repairs, founda· April 2·7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12573 tions need shoring up, insulation must be so that the Park will continue to serve as societal needs-which this facUlty offers. Its installed. We are talking about a. sum of a oonstructive site for large numbers of programmatic monetary needs are not that $340,000 to complete these needed repairs people from all over this country. Last year, great. As a. matter of fact, Glen Echo's en if this federally o.wned and operated Park according to Park Service estimates, over tire budget for FY 77 was $239,000 but the is to meet minimum standards for safety 130,000 people visited Glen Echo and over Park brCYUght in $90,000 in grants, payments a.nd health. 3,000 took classes in arts and crafts a.nd such from Montgomery County Public Schools, I realize that the funding requirements practical arts as auto repairs. In addition, publication sales and carrousel rides! The of the Park Service are great and that the according to a response from the Park Serv Park is extremely popular, is largely sup amount available is small. However, it would ice to the Senate Interior Appropriations ported through its own "moneymaking" ven be wise to note that unless these emergency Subcommittee, Glen Echo is serving as a tures and the need for one-time physical re repairs are completed, some of the buildings model for other urban cultural parks pairs must be met. I do not think that the will surely have to be destroyed-also at throughout the country. And as demon government can afford to allow this park great cost to the government. strated by a. letter of support for funding to be destroyed through neglect or inac Current est!mates for demolition of con which has been signed by all six Members of tion. I urge this Subcommittee to at least crete structures such as those at Glen Echo Congress from the Washington metropolitan begin funding the renovation of this facUlty reveal that ripping down Glen Echo's build area, the Park serves the entire region on so that its full potential as a. modern-day ings would cost at least $250,000 and that t", yeM-round basis. Chautauqua. can be attained a.nd so that the additional substantial costs would be in Unless Congress appropriates money for people from all over this country ca.n con curred because of the need to stabilize the Glen Echo as a line item, all of the people tinue to ut111ze and enjoy the unique op land and landscape the entire site. I pro who hu.~re benefited from and enjoyed Glen pOrtunities of Glen Echo Park. pose that it is far wiser to take these build Echo will be deprived the opportunity to I would be pleased to respond to any ings and repair as many of them as possible learn the crafts and customs-and modern questions which you might have.
I. l·TIME PROJECTS NEEDED AT GlEN ECPO TO EUW.INATE SAFETY HftRAlDS IN t\REAS PRESENTlY BEING USED FOR PUBliC PROGRAMS IN PRIORITY ORDER
Map key No. and building name Project description Present name Amount ------0 16-Crystal PooL •••••..•.•••.•....•....•.••...... Remove back section of seriously deteriorated locker room Metal sculpture, wood sculpture stone carving figure $55,00 . which hanlls over northbound lane of GW Parkway. modeling, children's sculpture. ' ' 19-Spamsh Ballroom ______Shore up falling foundation of tower on GW Parkway side •• Drama classes, dance classes music drama and dance 20,000 . . performing, iewelry making. ' ' 24a-Kid~ t eland . •....••••••...••.•.•.•.•...... •.. Remove loosened sheet metal roofing ______Not used but very hazardous ...••.••..•.•.•..•...••••..• 4, 000 19-Soanlsh ~a!lroom .•..•...... •..... ••••..•..•. ------Repl~ce crumbled beams, flooring, and front stucco facade .. (Same as above)._------·------25,000 8-Yellow BUilding •• ______Repair sagging beam and install dust collection system for Woodworking class, cabinetmaking, ceramic classes, and 10, 0()0 . sawdust demos. 5, 000 5, 000 15,000 20---AdventiJre~~~!~~r{~;~~~~~~~======Theater. .•• ·------=~ -====----=----======- ---===---= lnstl!l!::~r~~~~~;~£~i~irJ~ffr1iia11~~=is=i~i~~ sprinkler a~d smoke detection sy~tem.= ==== __ ___======______Cha~~~~!1Pfn::s~~~1~~i~~i!drens' theater performances, ~!§~~~~;~~n=~·======drama workshops ______25,000 16--Crystal PooL ••••..••. __ ------· ---- Stabilize front section of locker room which has deteriorated {Same as above)._------·-·------___ _ 15, 0 00 roof and footers. Replace steel support beams that have deteriorated. (Same as above>------·------·------10,000 15-0id First Aid Station--·-·----··----··--·------Repair main electrical serviceJ·unction that has rusted Summer sculpture classes, main electrical service to north- 7,000 box, exposed wire and cracke insulation. west section of park. · 6,000 21-Cu:~~~o~t.======-~~~~~~!~~~~~-a-~~~~~~~~~~-~!======-~~~~-e~-~~~-o:~~~~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 202, ooo
II. 1-TIME PROJECTS NEEDED AT GLEN ECHO TO STABiliZE STRUCTURES IN AREAS PRESENTLY BEING USED FOR PUBliC PROGRAMS IN PRIORITY ORDER
19-Spanish Ballroom ______••••. ··-·----·------·----- Repair leaking roof. ______.·------(Same as above) ____ ----·----.-----·-·------15, 0 00 9-Chautauqua Tower------····------·------Repaint stone·------Parks and history sales gallery, visitor center, class regis- 30,0 00 tration, historic exhibit 16--Crystal PooL •••••-·--·····------·------·---·-- ---· Seal concrete decking to prevent future deterioration of {Same as above>----·-·------·-·---·-·------·- 5,000 structural supports. 22-Bumper Car Pavillion ______Repair badly leaking roo'------·------·------Picnicking, outdoor summer performances, special festival 5,000 food service. Parking lot. .•••---······--·-·--·------·-----·------Regrade to eliminate drainage erosion which causes Only public parking lot, summer performances...... 5,000 "river" when rzining and large glare ice patch in winter. 7--Caretakers House ...•...... ------Replace leaking roof. ______Woodworking class, cabinet class______5, 000 12-Park Office and U.S. Park Police Office .. ______Repair leaking roof ______•• ______•. ______Park offices for 53 employees, creative writing, photography, 10, 000 Montgomery County school, multipurpose crafts room. 24b-Auto Awareness WorkshoP---·----···--·------Repair leaking roo'------·------Auto workshops ______·---··---··------·--·-----·· - 2, 000 15-0id First Aid Station .•..••..•.. ------Repair leaking roof and dete riorating walls and windows ..• (Same as above>------··-·---·-·------··-······ 3, 000 23-Laff House ..•.•• ----·······------·- Replace leaking and falling roof and repair flooring ...... • Needed for handicapped program...... 15,000 SubtotaL .•..• --· •••• -··· •. ·-••. _•• -···-•••.••..•••.••••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••.•••••• -··-•••.•••.•••••.••••.••.•.•••••••.....••••.••.•••••••••.•---95-, 00-
Ill. l·TIME PROJECTS NEEDED AT GlEN ECHO TO HEAT AREAS SO YEAR ROUND PROGRAMS CAN BE CONTINUED IN PRIORITY ORDER
8-Yellow Building·-·-----··-----·--··------··--· Insulate building and install heating system ..•.••...... •• (Same as above>------···---···· --·-----·-·------·· 8, 000 16---Crystal Pool...... ------·------··------lnsu 1ate space and install heating systems ...... •.•...• (Same as above>------·· ···--·---·--···-··--··-·-··· 1, 000 9-Chautauqua Tower ..•. ------Insulate and upgrade heating system ______(Same as above>-----·------··------·-·--·------·--· 30,000 24b-Auto Awareness Workshop •.••..••••••.•...... •.. Insulate and install heating system ______{Same as above>---·------2, 500 SubtotaL •.....•••.. --·-· •••. ____ ..•.•• ·-·-·· ·--· .•••••••..•.•••• ·---·· .. __ ••.••...... ·--•••••• ·-.•••• _•• __ ••••••.••••••....••• _...... •.• --•.....•• -· •. --... 47, 500
IV. CONTINUING NEEDS AT GlEN ECHO IN ORDER TO MAINTAIN FACiliTIES AND TO PREVENT FUTURE DETERIORATION
Resources required Now available Deficiency Supply Supply Supply Function MY's Amount costs MY's Amount costs MY's Amount costs
$8, 700 1P $12,350 $6,800 lP $13,650 $1,900 4, 300 1P 12, 35G 3, 300 1.5T 15,300 1, 000 2, 000 lP 12,350 2, 000 ·········--·-···········-··········· 46,700 ------·--····----·-·· 34,200 ·-----················-- 12.500 SubtotaL .••· . __ ••••.••••.•. _.•. ______.•.••••.•••..••• ______.••• ·-·--··. __ •... ______•...•... ____ .••..•.....• _-__-_- __-_-_- __-_- __-_-_- __-_- __-_- __-_- __ .••...•...• 28, 950 15, 400 Continuing needs, totaL ••.•...•. ___ .• : .••••.••....•••••••••••.••..•.. __ _•••••...•...... •••...••....• __ •....• -· •••••. __ ..•.•....•.•...••.• ---.• ·-.•• =._==_==__ ==_==_== __ ==_==_ .====44~, 3==50= Yearly cyclic maintenance totaL ...••...... •...... ---·-----. ____ ....••••.••••• ·------···------·· ____ ••...• -----·----·----· •. ------···------···-·---··--·· 30, 500 Grand totaL_·--•.••• ____ •..•....•..... _. __ .. __•• •••.... --· __ ....•..••.•...••••..•...... ••••••...... ••..•.•. . __ .••.. -.••...... •••.. --... 419, 359 12574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2'7, 1977 DELTA NU ALPHA TRANSPORTA The . chairperson of National Trans artworks should be examined since it is TATION FRATERNITY, YOUNGS portation Week is Jack Harlan. deceptive and conducive to excessive TOWN CHAPTER 6, CELEBRATES Mr. Speaker, I want to take this op spending. NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION portunity to commend President Joe It is essential that we reexamine closely WEEK, MAY 15-21, 1977 Secich and the other officers and mem the way the taxpayer's money is being bers of Delta Nu Alpha Transportation spent. I think private subscription would Fraternity, Chapter 6, Youngstown, be an appropriate way to pay for the HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY Ohio, for their contributions in the field baseball bat sculpture erected in Chicago, OF OHIO of transportation. I also want to wish because this method would permit free IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them a most successful and rewarding dom of choice in the payment. I do not National Transportation Week. think it is appropriate for the Ameri Wednesday, April 27, 1977 can taxpayer to pay the $100,000 bill. It Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, the week is an example of wasteful and inappro of May 15-21, 1977, is National Trans priate use of tax funds which Congress portation Week. Delta Nu Alpha Trans ARE THERE NO LIMITS? should take necessary steps to correct. portation Fraternity, Chapter No. 6 of Youngstown, Ohio, will join other DNA chapters throughout the United States HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD in commemorating this occasion. OF MICHIGAN WELFARE REFORM Oelta Nu Alpha is a national trans IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portation fraternity dedicated to fur thering education in transportation. The Wednesday, April 27, 1977 HON. LEE H. HAMILTON objectives of the fraternity are: Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, on OF INDIANA First. To promote greater knowledge April 14, Joan Mondale, wife of the Vice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of traffic and transportation among its President of the United States, headed a members by holding informal discus list of dignitaries unveiling one of the Wednesday, April 27, 1977 sions of traffic and transportation mat world's tallest sculptures on Chicago's Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would ters at all regular meetings. West Side. It is a $100,000, 100-foot-tall, like to insert my Washington Report for Second. To foster and promote the ex 20-ton steel baseball bat which the U.S. April 27, 1977, into the CONGRESSIONAL change of information, experience, and Government erected in front of its new RECORD: ideas and cooperation among its mem 10-story Social Security Administration WELFARE REFORM bers. building in Chicago that houses about It is easier to find fault with the present Third. To foster academic and practi 3,000 employees of the SSA's Bureau of welfare system than it is to devise a new one. cal transportation advancement. Retirement and Survivors Insurance. Welfare reform is becoming one of the Fourth. To develop an appreciation The General Services Administration most widely discussed policy matters in the of the traffic profession as a motivating country. With a comprehensive study of the sets aside a portion of a building's esti nation's welfare system now well underway, factor in industry and commerce. mated construction cost to provide new the President will be receiving a definitive Fifth. To inculcate and encourage Federal buildings with contemporary art report soon. Welfare reform will be one of justifiable professional consciousness works. Under this policy, Claes Olden the biggest and most difficult reorganization among those engaged in transportation burg was commissioned for $100,000 to tasks ever undertaken in this nation. There and traffic management. design, fabricate, and install the sky is an overwhelming consensus that the 40- Sixth. To encourage young persons of scraper-high baseball bat. year-old $60 b1llion welfare system needs to ability to enter and remain in the field I do not propose to pass judgment on be changed. of transportation and traffic manage the artistic merits of this towering struc One of the main problems is that, while ment as a life work. everyone favors it, welfare reform means ture, but I raise this question: Is it ap many things to many people. Some want to During National Transportation Week, propriate use of the tax funds paid by restructure the whole system; others want an award will be presented to the Trans the working people of this country, espe to have the federal government lift the bur portation Person of the Year and the cially at a time when every taxpayer is den of welfare cost from the states and local Delta Nu Alphain of the Year. feeling the cruel pinch of the eroding governments. Some want existing benefits in In addition, a truck fair will be held purchasing power of every paycheck? I creased; others want to cut welfare cost. Some at the Eastwood Mall in Niles, Ohio. think not. want to make the administration of the pres Equipment from the various modes of In commissioning this project GSA ent system efficient and responsive; others transportation will be on display to pro want to overhaul the administration com has displayed great imagination in dis pletely. No matter how carefully crafted a mote and inform the public more fully bursing the hard -earned tax funds of the welfare reform proposal may be, it is almost on the importance of transportation. American people. At a time when more certain to encounter some opposition. There will also be television, radio, and and more Americans are rightly demand The average American wants to help the newspaper coverage of this event and ing that the Federal Government show needy, but at the same time he does not want National Transportation Week to foster restraint in its spending, it offers an out to give a free ride to cheaters and sluggards a better understanding of the vital role rageous example of irresponsible spend who refuse to work. He is aware that the of transportation in our daily lives. Pres ing by the Government. present welfare system just is not working, in entations will be made to local high part because: This is but one of the many art proj It provides an incentive for a husband and schools to interest and inform students of ects the General Services Administration a wife to split up and discourages single transportation as a possible career op has commissioned through the art-in mothers from marrying; portunity. architecture program it supervises. The It is costly to administer, confusing to The mayors of the surrounding com program originated in 1962. It seems to recipients and administrators alike, and re munities have been invited to the din me this is one of those programs with plete with opportunit1es for fraud and abuse; ner meeting on Mav 13. The speaker for small, well-intentioned, and worthy be It discourages some people who could work that meeting will be Mr. Melvin York. ginnings that has mushroomed and gone from taking jobs; past national president of Delta Nu It treats people very differently even far beyond its intended purpose. It should though their circumstances are very similar; Alpha and lifetime member of Youngs receive top priority in President Carter's It discourages poor people from saving town Chapter No.6. zero base budgeting and congressional any of the welfare money they receive; The present officers of Delta Nu Alpha scrutiny. Some budget items may be "un It causes a family receiving benefits from Chapter 6 are: controllable," but the baseball bat sculp more than one program to lose income if President: Joo Secich. ture is convincing evidence the art-in benefits under one of the programs are raised First Vico President: Don Smith. only slil!hty; and Second Vice President: Ed Vogler. architecture program of the General It is shaped by 21 committees in the Con Secretary: Audrey Barker. Services Administration is a ''control gress, 50 state governors and legislatures, 6 Treasurer: Jim Novak. lable" budget item. In addition, the prac cabinet departments, 3 federal agencies, 54 Directors: Thom Holzshu, B111 Ripple, tice of setting aside a portion of a build states and territorial welfare agencies, 1500 Frank Mazzarino. ing's estimated construction for funding county welfare departments and by the April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12575
United States Supreme Court and many Good Counsel, a solemn pontifical mass RECORD both articles as part of my re lesser courts. was celebrated last Sunday by Arch marks. The goals of welfare reform are not difficult bishop Peter L. Gerety of Newark, One of the two undercover contacts to state. It should: whom the articles identified is currently Provide an adequate income for the dis retired Archbishop Thomas A. Boland, abled and for others who are unable to earn Auxiliary Bishop John Dougherty, Epis assigned to cover, report, and interpret it themselves; copal Bishop Joseph A. Francis, vicar the activities of the committee for the Provide incentives to those who can work of Essex County, and Episcopal Bishop Washington Star-News. I simply wonder to do so; Jerome A. Pechillo, vicar of Hudson how many of the unnamed former con- Prevent fraud and abuse ln the programs; County. With them were 28 priests, in tacts are similarly reporting and inter Encourage fammes to stay together; cluuing Father Thomas B. Smith who preting the probe. That is the extent of Provide the same benefits to persons in the for 19 years has wisely and gracefully my interest. same circumstances; and I am a strong supporter and advocate Make the administration simple, efficient served at Our Lady of Good Counsel, first and inexpensive. as an assistant and now as pastor. of hard, factual news coverage, and I According to the Department of HEW, the This Friday, the week-long celebra cherish dearly the right of every Ameri major questions to be asked by welfare re tion of the church's diamond jubilee will can to speak out. I am, however, greatly formers are these: be concluded with a banquet in Newark troubled by the thought that the news Exactly who should be covered at what to be attended by many of those to whom media, which has much influence over benefit levels, and what factors should in the church has meant so much over the us, has, at least in the past, been linked fluence benefit levels? to the CIA. My concern is heightened What kind of benefits should be provided? years. Former parishioners are coming Under what conditions should welfare from all across the Nation, drawn by the by revelations of domestic activity and recipients be required to work, and what fact that they have always retained a abuses by the CIA, revelations which, in sort of work should they be required to do? bit of the church, wherever they went. part, caused both the House and the What could the system best promote the I am privileged to be honorary chairman Senate to establish select committees to goal of family unity? of the dinner committee. investigate intelligence agencies. How should the system be financed, and Mr. Speaker, I should like to conclude In assessing the initial investigation of who should administer it? these remarks by quoting from the pro the Kennedy assassination the Senate What steps should be taken to stamp out gram distributed at last Sunday's mass: select committee concluded at book V fraud and corruption in the system? of its final report of the Select Commit Basically, there are two schools of thought May the good Lord bless us all and enable on how best to achieve the goals of welfare us to be of service to H1m and to His children tee To Study Governmental Operations reform. One school believes the existing sys everywhere for many more happy years. With Respect to Intelligence Activities: tem should be scrapped and replaced With a The Committee has, however, developed new system in which a direct cash payment That is my prayer too. evidence which impeaches the process by would be made to all who met simple eligi which the intelligence agencies arrived at b111ty requirements. The other school believes their own conclusions about the assassina that total reform is politically and econom tion, and by which they provided information ically impossible, and it argues that step-by FAUNTROY CLARIFIES NEWS to the Warren Commission. This evidence in &tei) improvement of the present system is ARTICLES dic!l.tes that ... the investigation of the as the only live option. sassination was deficient and that facts It behooves each of us to be less dogmatic which might have substantially affected the about the "welfare mess." We must be more HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY course of the investigation were not provided willing to address seriously and construc OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA the Warren Commission or those individuals tively the difficult choices presented by the within the FBI and CIA, as well as other issues central to an informed discussion of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES agencies of Government, who were charged welfare reform. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 with investigating the assassination. Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker, over Although I have publicly stated my the past 2 days, the Washington Post concern, I have not sought, nor have I A TRIDUTE ON THE 75TH ANNIVER has run two news stories and one edi intended, to intimidate the press. I am SARY OF OUR LADY OF GOOD torial about questions I have raised con hopeful that these remarks serve to clear COUNSEL CHURCH IN NEWARK cerning journalists and the manner in the air surrounding this issue. I believe which the House assassinations probe all my colleagues will agree that it is a has been treated by some in the print sad and dangerous commentary on our HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. media. I wish to clarify certain positions news delivery system if ·those charged OF NEW .JERSEY which those news articles have at with informing the public have personal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tributed to me so that my colleagues in interests at stake. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 the Congress may clearly understand The news articles follow: where I stand. [From the Washington Star-News, Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, last Sun The House Assassinations Committee Nov. 30, 1973] day, Our Lady of Good Counsel Church has no plans, current or future, to call JOURNALISTS DOUBLING AS CIA CONTACTS in Newark commemorated its 75th anni news reporters before it for purposes of (By Oswald Johnston) versary of service to its parishioners and probing their coverage of the investiga The Central Intelligence Agency has some his community. For all those years tion. I have simply stated that I have a three dozen American journalists working through two World Wars, a depression, personal interest in finding out whether abroad on its payroll as undercover inform good times and bad-the church has certain news reports have been influ ants, some of them as full-time agents, the stood AS a symbol of continuity, stability, enced by reasons other than providing in Star-News has learned. and compassion. formation to the public. My interest After CIA director William E. Colby ordered Thousands of people from the New stems from my belief that some of the a review of the practice two months ago, ark area have worshiped at Our Lady of reports have been unfair and without agency officials found the names of some 40 Good Counsel, finding there the inner full-time reporters, free-lance journalists and bases. It seems to me that some of there correspondents for trade publications in their spiritual strength and inspiration to lead ports have been designed to discourage files as regular undercover contacts who sup decent lives, and carrying away with the probe by the House. plied information to agents in the field and them the special wisdom and peace im Objectivity in reporting on as sensitive who are regularly paid for their services. parted by the priests and the sisters a matter as these assassinations probes The use of foreign correspondents by the who have served there. is of great importance, in my view. My CIA has been quietly suspected-and My own family and I have worshiped concerns in this regard were prompted feared-for years by legitimate reporters who at the church for nearly 30 years. My have worked overseas. But the suspicion has by a published report in the Washing never been verifiable untll now. The facts children's spiritual roots were developed ton Star-News of November 30, 1973, in were made known by an authoritative source. there. For us, as for so many others, Our whiCh it was reported that the CIA em The continuing extent of the practice and Lady of Good Counsel has enriched our ployed some 40 journalists who doubled its wide scope, which is believed to have been lives and helped us in times of trial. as undercover contacts. On December 1, scaled down since the Cold War tensions of Mr. Speaker, to mark the 75th anni 1973, the Washington Post carried a the 1950s, was apparently a surprise even to versary of the founding of Our Lady of similar article. I am including for the Colby, who last month ordered a significant 12576 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1977 cutback in the CIA relationship with jour has learned from the reporter. Very likely, discretion of station chiefs abroad, with little nalists connected with major news organiza the CIA official would report the gist of his or no central oversight. tions. conversations with the reporter to his su Until late last summer, neither Colby him No longer to remain on the agency pay periors, orally or in a written memo. self nor the top officials in the Operations di roll is the one category of journalist-agents In this group, sources indicated, the CIA rectorate had any precise information on whose continued existence could most seri includes Star-News reporter Jeremiah how many clandestine agents were currently ously compromise the integrity of the Amer O'Leary whose name apparently found its operating under journalistic cover. ican press in general and possibly cripple its way into agency files as a result of contacts During September, in the aftermath of rev ability to function overseas. of this professional type during assignment elations that the Nixon administration used To be phased out is a small group of no overseas for the Star-News. journalists as paid political spies during the more than five full-time staff correspondents (Star-News editors have discussed this 1968 and 1972 presidential campaigll$, and with general-circulation news organizations matter with O'Leary and other sources and in response to queries from the press, Colbr who function as undercover contacts for the have found no evidence to suggest that ordered an in-house investigation within tht: CIA and are paid for their services on a regu either he or this newspaper has been com Clandestine Services to find out exactly what lar contractual basis. promised.) the situation was. It is understood that three of these agents Veteran intelligence operatives are un The specific impetus for the press inquiries, have maintained their CIA contacts without derstood to look with mixed feelings on which in turn spurred Colby to order the the knowledge of the news organizations in Colby's decision to break off CIA contacts Operations directorate to search its files, was volved, but that the CIA sideline of the other with legitimate full-time correspondents. the published disclosure that Seymour K. two is known to their civ111an employers. On the one hand, journalists operate un Friedin, a political spy for the 1972 Nixon Sources refused to identify any of the der conditions that, in the eyes of a profes campaign, regularly passed information to reporters involved, but it is understood that sional spy, provide a natural "cover," com the CIA when working as a syndicated col none of the five agents who are being cut bined with unusually good access to people umnist in Europe during the 1950s. off were regular staff correspondents of major and places abroad that would be unavailable American daily newspapers with regular to persons in other professions. [From the Washington Post, Dec. 1, 1973] The use of journalist-agents is known to overseas hureaus. UsE REVEALED BY COLBY SURVEY-NEWSMEN Colby is understood to have ordered the be widespread in Communist-bloc countries SUPPLY DATA TO CIA termination of this handful of journalist where the press is government-controlled, and during the 1950's the Tass correspondent The Central Intelligence Agency has been agents in the full realization that CIA em paying more than three dozen agents oper ployment of reporters in a nation which who was also a Soviet agent was almost proverbial. ating under journalistic covers abroad for prides itself on an independent press is a At the same time, agency officials are part-time or full-time Eervices. subject fraught with controversy. known to recognize that CIA penetration of This was determined by CIA Director Wil Nevertheless, he has approved explicitly the American press, if discovered or even liam E. Colby as the result of a survey of un the continued maintenance of more than 30 suspected to exist on a wide scale, would dercover agents spurred by recent congres other CIA agents abroad who are not strictly further damage the CIA's shaky public sional inquiries into possible domestic opera newsmen but who rely on some kind of image at home and could seriously com tions of the agency. journalistic "cover" for their intelligence promise the reputation of the American Colby has reportedly decided to remove operations. press. from the CIA payroll a small number of full Among those to be maintained is by far For both of these reasons, saurces were time news correspondents with whom the the largest category of journalist-agents: A extremely reluctant to give any details of agency had contracted for services, accord group consisting of about 25 operatives scat the operations in which journalist-agents ing to authoritative sources. tered across the globe who appear to the were involved or to discuss their assignments But it is understood that he plans to re world as free-lance magazine writers, in any but the most general way. Sources tain the services of the majority of the jour "stringers" for newspapers, news-magazines who verified the existence of the practice nalist agents, who .are not associated with and news services, and itinerant authors. (A refused to reveal how much the agents were major publications but function under stringer is a journalist, usually self-employed, paid or where they have been deployed. various reportorial covers. who offers news-ma?azines on a piece-work Colby himself is thought to be solely re The CIA director was reported to be out of basis to news organizations which do not sponsible for the decision to cut off the CIA town yesterday on official business and have regular staff members in the stringer's relationship with full-time staff correspond agency spokesman would not comment offi city.) ents for general news-gathering organiza cially on the report, published in the Wash Agents in this category are not regularly tions. ington Star-News. It was independently con identified with any single publication, and firmed, however, by knowledgeable officials. During his Senate confirms.tion hearings Rep. Lucien Nedzi (D-Mich.), chairman of most of them are full-time informants who last summer, Colby promised in the after frankly use their writing or reporting as the House Armed Services Subcommittee on math of the Watergate-rehted disclosures of !ntelligence, said yec:terday he would make cover for their presence in a foreign city. domestic political espionage that he would Most of them are American citizens. inquiries into the practice of paying jour take pains to operate "an American intelli nalists for intelligence services. Most are paid directly and regularly for gence agency"-that is, one with operations services rendered, but a few of these semi compatible with a democratic society. "I can't say I'm really surprised." Nedzi independent free-lance writers occasionally Colby's cutback on CIA use of the press is said of the disclosure. "I suppose the real draw on CIA funds to pay out-of-pocket understood to have been governed by that problem was whether the press was being expem:es for trips in which the a~ency had promise. used to peddle a certain line. To it was an an interest or for entertaining a useful con arrangement for gathering of intelligence. I tact. Nevertheless, Colby has privately justified find it difficult to see much wrong with it." A second group of overseas correspondents past use of the news media as agency cover So far the only two journalists names that by stressing that newsmen operatives were whom Colby intends to keep on the payroll have emerged from the CIA's file belong to a consists of eight writers for small, limited not as a rule used as vehicles for planting smaller group of perhaps a dozen correspond circulation specialty publications, such as propaganda. ents with whom the agency has maintained certain types of trade journals or commercial As a matter of standard operating proce informal, unpaid, working relationships. One newsletters. It is understood that most in dure, sources insist, an agent operating under is former Europe-based columnist Seymour this group operate as paid CIA informants cover as a freelance writer or as a staff cor K . Freidin, who was implicated as a sup with the approval of their employers. respondent for a newspaper of news agency plier o~ information to the Nixon campaign Colby also intends to keep up the quiet, almost never had his news stories or arti in 1972. The other is Star-News correspond informal relationship the agency has built cles "critiqued" by his case officer. ent Jeremiah O'Leary, as reported in the up over the years with many reporters work While propaganda admittedly has been an Star-News story. ing at home and abroad and editors who important part of clandestine CIA opera O'Leary was mentioned in a category of for their part maintain regular contact with tions abroad, that function has been kept newsmen who occasionally exchange informa CIA officials in the routine performance of separate from the routine running of agents, tion with CIA officials in the routine per their journalistic duties. even though both assignments belonged to formance of journalistic duties without any No money changes hands under these the agency's Clandestine Services, under the monetary considerations. relationships, either as occasional payment Operation directorate. Interviews with CIA station chiefs or lesser or as reimbursement for expenses. In gen Accordingly, the extensive network of dum officials in overseas posts are not uncommon eral, the relationship is limited to occasional my foundations through which the CIA was practices for correspondents of most major lunches, interviews or telephone conversa revealed in 1967 to have funneled cash to publications in the performance of their tions during which information would be such publications as Encounter magazine or news-gathering functions. Normally, how exchanged or verified. Each side understands such organizations as the American News ever, it is not considered part of the jour ~hat the other is pursuing only his own tasks. paper Guild was not related to the use of nalistic function to provide information to In such a relationshiu, the re'tlorter newsmen or writers as intelligence operatives government agents. would be free to use the. information he in the field. Several former CIA operatives expressed gained in a news story, and occasionally If anything, the use of new~men in this surprise at the number of newsmen Colby the CIA agent might make use of what he way seems to have been carried out at the discovered on the agency's current payroll. April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12577 "It's quite a bit more than I would have ex The United States has an important ser dismissed the United Nations troops sta pected," said one CIA veteran who now moni role to play in the peace process, he tioned in a buffer zone between Israel and tors agency activities on Capitol Hill. pointed out, but it cannot be a substitute Egypt and, then, closed the straits of Tlran The majority of this group, some two dozen, for direct negotiations among the parties at Sharm El Sheik, a move which would have were determined to be operating under the denied Israel access to the Red Sea. That cover of freelance journalists or "stringers" directly involved. That will mean resist move led to the Six Day War in which Israel (correspondents not on the regular staffs of ing immense political and economic prevailed; it is important for us to remem publications) working in foreign posts. pressures exerted by some segments of ber this sequence of events, for the territorial disputes between Israel and its neighbors In 1967 the agency was wracked by a mas American business and their friends among the oil-rich Arab states, he ·added. would not exist today if Nasser had not ini sive series of disclosures that it was under tiated his provocative act at Sharm El Shiek. writing activities of book publishers, maga Israel is celebrating its 29th anniver Behind Nasser's move in 1967 lay a vision zines, student and cultural organizations and sary of independence--and the :first year of a Pan Arab nation stretching from Egypt trade unions, including the Ameri.can News in which not one of its soldiers was killed through Syria, with no room for the inter paper Guild. in hostile action with the enemy along loper Jewish state. And this is the basic issue In the aftermath of those revelations the its borders. Hopefully, it will be t~e first which lies at the roots of the Arab/Israeli CIA was understood to have withdrawn from of many such years. question: Do Israel's neighbors now accept covert financing of such organizations as Mr. Speaker, I am inserting in the the legitimacy, the right--not the privilege well as from a. network of foundation con of Israel to live in peace as a fully sovereign duits through which the money was chan RECORD the full text of Senator CHURCH'S and legitimate state in the Middle East? That neled. excellent speech before the AIPAC an is the issue c- which there can be no equiv More recently agency officials have been nual policy conference dinner. ocation, no ambiguity, no discrepancy be questioned by congressional oversight com ISRAEL: TWENTY-NINE YEARS OF INDE• tween private and public statements. mittees-in the aftermath of the Watergate PENDENCE-A CELEBRATION OF LIFE The PLO has never yet revoked the cardi scandal-about CIA involvement in domestic nal points of the Palestine National Cove activities. Several bllls have been proposed (By Senator FRANK CHURCH) nant of 1968: that the "Zionist presence" designed to curtail domestic operations of the We are here to celebrate the 29th year of must be purged by "armed struggle"; that CIA. Israel's independence. It is, of course, true the "partitioning of Palestine . . . and the There have, however, been no recent reve• that Israel has lived so precaricously that establishment of Israelis fundamentally null lations of CIA penetration of domestic insti every added year becomes a ca. use for cele and void"; and that only Jews permanently tutions comparable to the scale of those bration. But I think it is particularly ap settled in mandated Palestine by 1917 have uncovered in the late 1960s. propriate this year to review the basic con the right to remain there after "liberation." siderations which underlie the relationship Nor did the March 20 Cairo declaration between the United States and Israel. reveal any softening of these harsh provi For this is a year in which, under the sions. Th-e Cairo statement rejected UN Reso leadership of President Carter, tl:e United lution 242 as a framework for peace; prom ISRAEL: TWENTY-NINE YEARS OF States itself 1s seeking to reestablish a better ised an "uncompromising determination ... INDEPENDENCE balance in its foreign policy between prin to continue the military struggle," an "es ciple and pragmatism. For too long, our calation of fighting in the occupied land," foreign policy had been dominated by so the rejection of "all forms of American ar HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL called "hard headed" assessme::1ts in which rangements"; and a continuing designation OF NEW YORK immediate and purely material advantages of Zionism as "racism." were sought. Now we are rediscovering that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the aftermath of Sharm El Sheik, the the American character demands that our 1973 Arab offensive on Yom Kippur, and the Wednesday, April 27, 1977 foreign policy reflect a due regard for prin most recent Cairo declaration, it is impera ciple. And principle, the principle of justice, tive to secure tangible evidence that the Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, the was from its inception the heart of the fundamental premise which underlies the search for a peaceful settlement in the American commitment to Israel. PLO covenant and which led to the closing Middle East is uppermost in the minds of Thus, the Jewish demand for a national of Sharm El Sheik, namely, the premise that many in Washington this week. state, even before Israel was established, Israel is an illegitimate presence in the Arab At the White House, President Carter called forth a universal response. Orde Win crescent, has been abandoned. Peace, in other gate, the famous guerilla leader who died words, must be for this and not another gen has been meeting with Jordan's King in Burma in World War II, may have said it Hussein, the third Middle East leader to eration, and it must be manifested in the best: normallzation of relations: the exchange of visit here in the administration's con "When I was at school ... I was looked Ambassadors, commercial intercourse and tinuing round of exploratory talks. These down on, and made to feel that I was a fail cultural contacts, so that over time both began in February with Secretary of ure and not wanted in the world. When I Arab and Jew may adjust to "normality." State Vance's trip to the Middle East and came to Palestine I found a whole people Is this utopian, mere fantasy? I think not. visits to Washington by Israeli Prime who had been treated like that through Former Washington Post correspondent, Dan Minister Rabin and Egyptian President szores of generations, and yet at the end of Kurzman, described in his book, Genesis Sadat. Next month the President will it they were undefeated, were a great power 1948: The First Arab-Israeli War, a unique meet with the leaders of Syria and Saudi i!l tbe world, building their country anew. relationship which had developed on the Arabia. I felt I belong to such people." battlefield between Yeroham Cohen, then an But in cur own State De!)artment, t!>ere aide to Yigal Allon, the Commander of the Another meeting taking place 1n were manv who fearetl that the ec:tabll"'h Southern front, and the then General Nasser: Washington this week is the annual pol ment of ·a Jewish state would prejudice "In February, 1950, Gamal Abdel Nasser icy conference of the American Israel American relationc:hips with the Arab world and Yeroham Cohen met in El Aujer and Public Affairs Committee. and therefore urged a postponement of Jew drove together to Fahya so that Nasser could point out the location of Israeli graves. As AlP ish national independence. These o~jections Speaking to the AC conference, were steadfastly overridden by President they walked among the graves, Nasser asked, Senator FRANK CHURCH of Idaho de Truman. On May 14, 1947, the same day that "Do you remember, Yeroham, when we sat clared: D:tvid Ben-Gurlon officially proclaimed "the on the grass, and I told you I didn't think Peace ... must be for this and not another establishment of the Jewi<>h state in I would ever see my wife and daughter generation. Pale<>tine, to be called the State of Israel," again?' President Truman extended de facto recogni " 'Yes, Gamal. And I told you that you That means, he explained, tt e normal tion to the fledgling government. In effect, would not only see your daughters, but would ization of relations: The exchange of prinziple won out over "hard hea'ied" prag have a son as well.' Ambassadors, commercial intPrcourse, ma.tlc:;m, which I believe to have been as mis "'Well, I've got a son.' That night, Cohen, and cultural contacts, so that over time guided then as it is today. And this is what on returning to Tel Aviv, sent a package of both Arab and Jew may adjust to 'nor I want to review with you: th._e proposition baby clothes to his Egyptian friend." mality.''' that where Tsrael is concerned, a principled It was too bad, he reflected, that a man policy is the only suitable one for a people like Gamal Abdel Nasser was not running Senator CHURCH observed: like our own. Egypt. I suspect today that much of the venom From its inception, I~rael has not had an In a sense, we can sum up the basic Middle directed against Israel in the United Na easy ex!stence. No ,:-ooner was t}"le new state Ea.st dilemma with this question: Can the tions and in the Middle Eqst is a reflection proclaimed than it was invaded by the ar gap be bridged between the unremitting of the resentment that this small nation mies of Its Arab neighbors, under the mis hatred reflected in the PLO covenant and engenders because lt 1s an oasis of freedom taken as
to bar school officials from spanking their Spanking in school can be justified, Mr. BOB HOPE-"MY FORMULA FOR FITNESS" children. White held, but not under all circumstances (By Richard Bauman) Teachers in two states-Massachusetts and or to any extreme. New Jersey-are now barred by law from There is no doubt that corporal punish Ask Bob Hope when he's going to retire and he'll answer: "Retire? Retire to what? spanking students. Those in many others are ment is a traditional tool in our culture's I've already retired in that I'm doing only specifically authorized to spank as long as education system. But teachers are not ln the spanking is not excessive or brutal. But fact reliable instruments of justice. In beth the things I want to do!' theory and practice, therefore, most paddling In any given week, those "things" might punishing a student for something he didn't include: joking his way through two per do is rarely considered excessive, and stand is an abomination of custom. Precisely be cause only two states (as well as New York sonal appearances, a benefit show, often as ards of brutality vary dramatically from not in different parts of the country, and a place to place. In this particular case, one City) have banned it and because 21 states visit to a veteran's hospital or a speech at a eighth grader was hit 20 times with a half sanct i-cn it, the child-beaters ought to be on college. inch thick paddle while being held over a notice that they must observe procedural When he's not hustling around the coun safeguards and const itutional limits as to table; he needed medical attention and was tl·y, Hope will work on a television speelal or kept out of school for 11 days. Whatever label who gets smacked and how hard and how consult with colleagues on a movie he's plan you put on it, that seems to us to be punish often. ning to produce. And for good measure, he'll ment that is cruel and unusual. The Court's reluctance to bring children play a couple of rounds of golf. The rationale of the Court's majority for under the cloak of the Constitution-deny A hectic schedule? Yes, and one that saying it is not, at least in terms of the Con ing them the rights afforded adult crimi would wilt a person half his age. But for stitution, is that the bar against "cruel and nals-tells much about a strongly en Hope, the constant activity is his way of unusual punishments" applies only to pun trenched American attitude that mLc:takes maintaining a meaningful relationship with ishment administered under the criminal justice for coddling. A judge of the Indiana life. It's a relationship that blends work, an law. This is a narrow reading of that pro Supreme Court posed the prGper question interest in others, and just plain having fun. vision, a reading that is dlftlcult to square as long ago as 1853, when he noted that it And with him it's often difficult to separate with some prior decisions. The Court ruled had become lllegal for a husband to beat one from the other. not so long ago, for example, that it is cruel his wife, a master his apprentice or even an "I have to be involved in things and with and unusual punishment to deny adequate officer an ordinary seaman, and asked: "Why people," says Hope. "It's essential for me. It medical care to a prisoner, although the de the person of the schoolboy should be less keeps the mind fit, and you get fresh ideas nial was not imposed by the law but came sacred ... is not easily explained." Indeed and thoughts through contact with others about because of misconduct by a prison it is not, except by the fear of five jurists and being involved in t hings you believe in." doctor. who seem to prize the myth that sparing the In this vein, Hope feels it's necessary to Just as thin, it seems to us, is tbe distinc may spoil the child. An unjust rod-or read help others whenever possible. He seems to tion the Justices have drawn between being ing cf the law-will hurt us all. greedily snatch opportunities to help a large spanked and being suspended. Under this variety of people and organizations. In fa-et, decision~ a student can be spanked without nearly every nationally recognized charitable being told what the punishment is for or organization bas benefited at one time or an being given a chance to say, "Hey, you got BOB HOPE-AN INSPIRATION other from his time and talent. the wrong kid." But under other decisions, One of his most famous efforts at helping the same student has a federal right to at others is through the Bob Hope Desert Clas least those rudiments of a bearing before HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG sic golf tournament that he sponosrs each year in Palm Springs, Calif. Through it, more being suspended. Maybe to adult eyes a OF FLORIDA spanking is less serious tl'lan a suspension. than 5 million dollars have been raised for But we're not sure students look at it that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Eisenhower Medical Center in Palm Des way, and we know it is not less serious when Wednesday, April 27, 1977 ert and numerous other desert charities. it results in medical treatment and 11 days Hope also donated the 80 acre site for the out of school. Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, medical center. in my opinion one of the more satisfying His trips at Christmas time to entertain contributions that a Congressman is U.S. Armed Forces stationed around the PADDLING JUSTICE world have been legend. Although his last The Supreme Court, by a 5-to-4 majority privileged to make during his term of trip overseas was in 1972, he annually takes a and a tortuous bit of reasoning, bas decided office, is the role he plays in helping "mini-troupe" to visit and entertain the vet that school children Pniny no con.,titutional needy individuals with their problems. eran's and mUltary hospitals in the United protection against paddling or other corporal On a daily, often hourly basis, we are States. Says Hope of all his trips, "I'm emo puni.,hment, no matter how severe or arbi called on to help the elderly, the dis tionally atuned to the great men and women trary. It ruled in essence that most of the abled, the sick, and the poor. Their prob who protect this country. For me they're still country still favors whacking misbehaving lems may seem insignificant when com the greatest audience in the world." kids, that state laws provide enough ~ate Yet he feels a person doesn't have to do guards for how it's done, that the school pared with the work that is conducted monumental things to share himself or her can be held accountable by community and in this Chamber, but to the individual self with others in a meaningful way. "It parents, that teachers should not have to requesting assistance, there is nothing isn't the amount of time or money you give bother with pre-paddle hearings and that the more urgent or important. We sometimes so much," says Hope, "as a willingness to kids can always sue if they are hurt too much forget, however, how important this make an effort to help." or by mistake. Each member of the errant aspect of the job is-this use of our office As an example, be told of a truck driver majority deserves at lea.,t five whacks. in helping others. It usually takes a let in Boston who's an amateur clown. "He The opinion, written by Justice Powell on ter, or a phone call from a tearful but spends a couple of days each month enter behalf of Chief Justice Burger and Ju.,tices grateful constituent to remind us. We taining at a children's hospital. The kids Stewart, Blackmun and Rehnquist, applied love him and he loves making them happy. to the ca<;;e of two 14-year-old studE.'nts of a can be reminded in other ways, however, "Nearly everyone has a talent or ability he Miami junicr high school who said thev had as I was this morning when I read an or she can share with others who will appre been subjected to a "reign of terror" by article about a man in another orofes ciate it. Don't be afraid to give a little of paddle-wielding school officials. Their claim sion, who graciously gives of his God yourself to others. We all have the gland of of excessive and incapacitating puni.,hment given talents to others. A man whose un helpfulness and we all enjoy doing some was not disputed. The i~sue, rather. was selfi'!h love for his country, and particu thing for others once we know there's a whether children In school, like crlminals larly to those who defend it with their need. And I've found when you do, it comes in pri~on, are protected by the EiQ'hth lives and limbs, is an inspiration to all. back to you in carloads." Amendment of the BUl of Rights, which He vividly recalls an incident to prove prohibits "cruel and unuc:ual puni<>hments," The man is Bob Hope, and the article that: "We had just done a show at Lai Khe and by a requirement of "due process" before I am referring to appeared in the latest (Vietnam), that was in 1969, and as I was punishment. issue of Modern Maturity. I would like leaving, a soldier reached out and put some The legalisms of the majority were well to share with my colleagues his philos thing in my hand. It was a Zippo lighter. It disputed by Justice White, on behalf of ophy, in the hope that it might remind may not seem like much, but it was all he Ju.,tice Brennan, Marshall and stevens. The each of us how important and rewarding had. To me it was a touching way of say beatings, he noted, were so severe that they service to our fellow man can be. At the Ing thanks, and it was hard to bold back the would haye clearly violated the Constitution age of 73, most people can say they have tears." if 1nflicted on a hardened criminal. :rn the That soldier was showing his gratitude !or view of the minority, paddling a child for contributed enough to others, and cer what Hooe had given him and hundreds of disobeying regulations is an act of state tainly Mr. Hope can rest assured that other Gis there. A taste of home and an punishment, no difierent from paddling a he has, but he continues to give because, hour or two of humor in a place that nor prisoner in jail, and no less serious just be as he says, ..It comes back to you car mally wasn't very humorous. cause most paddlings are well managed. loads." The article follows: "How can you help but feel satisfied when 12580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1977 someone expresses gratitude like that," says Presidents since Roosevelt. Crosby says it was JOHN GARDNER-AN UNCOMMON Hope. Teddy, but that's not true. It was F.D.R. CAUSER "And I think we all need to develop a sense "I think the more pressure and problems of gratitude for all the good things we have. a person faces, the more need there is for Family, friends, good health, just living in humor to help keep a perspective, not only HON. ABNER J. MIKVA this country. These are things most of us· for the Presidents but for every living take for granted, and we shouldn't. When person." OF ILLINOIS things seem bad, taking a good look at all Hope takes care of his physical self, too. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the good things that are ours can only lift · He watches his diet, and he gets proper rest, Wednesday, April 27, 1977 our spirits. although this must sometimes include cat "As for me, I've been lucky, very lucky. I napping between engagements. Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, after found have so many good things to remember." But "I can steal a nap just about anywhere," ing and guiding what has become one Hope's had his down moments, too. "One he says. "On a plane, in my dressing room, of the most unique and influential lob was when I had a hemorrhage in my left eye just before a show or in the car being driven and had to enter the hospital. Quite frankly to or from the airport. Once you develop the bies in or out of Government, John I was more than just down, I was scared. knack, it's great for recharging the bat Gardner has retired as the head of Com "What if the condition worsened or I went teries." mon Cause. In just seven years, he has blind, I wondered. But I knew many people After a nap of 15 or 20 minutes, he feels proven what his detractors said was im were concerned about me and wishing me refreshed and revitalized. "You know," he possible; namely that concerned citi well; and excellent doctors were caring for quipped, "1! more people would only take zens can bring about fundamental re me, so I had to be grateful. And I began to catnaps, the world would be full of peppy forms in the legislative process and the feel better and more confident. I knew people.'' way in which decisions are reached. everything would be all right." Exerise is important to him. Golf is one Hope says that when a person starts look of the loves of his life, but when a golf Common Cause has brought the public ing around and d iscovering the good things, course isn't near at hand or open after a interest into Government by insisting on he realizes that everything isn't perfect, but personal appearance, he walks several miles the basic principles of fairness and of chances are they're a lot better than he instead. And as one of his associates notes, ficial accountability and, in so doing, has thought. "He doesn't just stroll. Bob walks at a pace measurably enriched our system. Hope has remained a top entertainer for that doesn't afford time for window shop One of the best ways of judging the years and seemingly gets along with every ping." impact of any organization is by exam one. Most of the time that's true. But in any According to Hope, one thing that keeps one's life there are going to be disagreements h im on top of things is that he's always ining who its critics are and what form with others, and when you're a celebrity, "looking for new ideas and approaches. New their criticism takes. While many per criticism is boUnd to come your way. ideas get other ideas flowing and that keeps sons of different philosophies have dis A few years a~o he was misquoted by a the mind fresh and alert." agreed with various Common Cause in reporter and that misquote brought a moun As testimony to that, he has recently itiatives along the way, its most vocal tain of criticism his way. It concerned his signed a new three-year contract with NBC and persistent foes have been those who feelings about the Vietnam war. "I was and Texaco for his television specials. His have resisted the dual notion that the quoted as saying, 'The war is wonderful.' But eighth book, "The Road to Hollywood," has what I said was, 'The kids in the war are public has a right to know and be heard been completed, and he's recorded a new and that its elected officials have an ob wonderful.' " album entitled "America's 200 Years Old, Sure, he was angry about being misquoted, And There's Still Hope." ligation to fulfill their mandate with a but not with the people who were reacting judicious use of the power with which to that statement. They didn't know the Of Bob Hope, the famous author John Steinbeck once said: "This man drives him they have been entrusted. It is easy to truth. "I maintain a phllosophical attitude see how former campaign finance laws toward such things," notes Hope. "I feel self, and is driven. It's impossible to see how people have a right to their opinions, and he can do so much, can cover so much or the lack thereof-the seniority sys you have to be understanding of others even ground, can work so hard and be so effec tem and other rules of Congress and the when they're criticizing you or disagreeing tive.'' regulation of lobbiests have been the tar with you. When you look over what Hope did in one get of Common Cause's wrath. In turn, "It helps, though," he adds, "if you can year alone, Steinbeck's words are not an it is equally understandable how the laugh about it. I've found humor is an ex overstatement. Out of 365 days in 1975, 296 chief benefactors of these "old ways" cellent antidote for tension and anger. In of them were consumed in doing personal have been the organization's most un stead of dwelling on the point of irritation, appearances, bene!its, and speaking engage share a joke or two with someone, recall a ments throughout the country-not to men swerving opponents. Powerless groups do funny incident from a similar situation. Be tion television specials and golfing benefits. not attract this kind of attention; in lieve me, it helps.'' "Too many people stop living when they deed, an accurate measure of Common This might seem like a natural solution for retire," notes Hope. "Being active and in Cause's influence has been the intensity a person who makes a living with quick-draw volved keeps you going. It does me. And I of its detractors. jokes and stories. But he claims anyone can agree with Milton Berle when he says, do it. "After a few good laughs, the feelings 'Laughter is an instant vacation.' To that I Common Cause has managed to bal of resentment diminish and you get a better add, 'For me and so many others, laughter is ance power and the pressures for change perspective' of things. Humor is sort of a bal therapy, be you the Iaugher or the in Government by injecting the public ancing wheel. I've found it can reduce ten laughee.'" interest into the public forum. While sion in nearly any situation. the concept of a public lobby is not new, "I didn't inve~t this idea though," claims it has taken John Gardner's leadership Hope. "Science has ccnfirmed that having PERSONAL EXPLANATION to recognize the exigencies of political fun-just feeling happy-has a measurable power and marshal the collective voice of effect on our health and well-being. I've seen . the healing power of laughter while visiting average citizens who are frustrated by Gis in hospitals." HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI the inertia, complexity and size of Gov To sort of break the lee, he often uses this OF KENTUCKY ernment, as well as the organization of line when entering a hospital ward. "Don't IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forces with vested interests in resisting bother to get up for me." In most cases the change. Legislation should result from patients can't get up anyway. At one hos Wednesday, April 27, 1977 the competing forces of equally legiti pital though, the bedridden occupants beat Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, on Fri mate interests, and Common Cause has him to the punch. brought this ideal closer to reality. "As I walked in, there was a sign made day, April 22, I was unable to answer especially for me. It said, 'Welcome, Bob two roll call votes because of previous In the final analysis, the significance Hope, we would stand up and salute, but at commitments in my home district. of Common Cause's impact lies in the the moment we're an hung up.' That was in Had I been present, I would have simplicity of its goals. We often have an orthopedic ward," he recalls, "and I voted "yea'' on Roll No. 145, agreeing cynically assumed that access to our sys wasn't worried or tense about meeting those to the Journal of Thursday, April 21, tem of Government will never be equally guys. How could I be when they came up and "no" on Roll No. 146, an amendment available to every citizen; that politics with something like that?" is a club in which membership is deter Illness isn't a requirement for using humor to the Department of Defense authori effect! vely. zation bill to prohibit the procurement mined by favors, money and influence; "Each of our recent Presidents," Bob says, of the Airborne Warning and Control and that leaders can never be forced to "has had a good sense of humor, which is System Aircraft unless NATO agrees to account for their actions. During the past fortunate for me. I've been taking digs at purchase these aircraft. 7 years, Common Cause has demon- April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12581 strated that these notions need not be ists who live far from the 49th state to pre FIRST CONCURRENT RESOLUTION truisms. With other issue-oriented pub scribe Alaska's future. ON THE BUDGET lic interest groups, Mr. Gardner's brain The blll---comblned with existing parks, wildlife refuges, and scenic rivers-would child has helped usher in a new era in lock up 146.6 million acres in Alaska's wil which truly democratic forces have re derness-preservation system. HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON gained control of legislative and govern~ That is larger than the combined area. of OF MASSACHUSETTS mental processes. New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We owe much to John Gardner's in Ha.wa.11, Delaware, Maryland, Vermont, West Wednesday, April 27, 1977 sight and prudence of leadership. His Virginia., New Hampshire, Maine, Indiana., continued presence in Washington offers South Carolina. and Kentucky. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, to hope that the Gardner agenda for change In that vast area., extending into every day the House continues consideration of has not yet been fully satisfied. major geographical segment of the state, all the First Concurrent Budget Resolution economic development other than tourism for fiscal year 1978, and the various pol (largely of the backpack variety) would be icy considerations which underlie the banned. setting of ceilings on budget authority Most of Alaska's rich mineral resources, HOW MUCH OF ALASKA SHOULD BE including a.n estimated 130 billion tons of and outlays in several functional LOCKED UP? coal and many stra.tegic minerals in short categories. supply, would go untapped. The debate and voting on this concur The unlimited potential of Alaska. food and rent resolution will have consumed 2 HON. DON YOUNG fiber resources would go largely unrealized. days. In the end, we will undoubtedly de OF ALASKA And the state's road and rail system would cide on a final budget for next year which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be limited for the most part to the existing deviates little from the committee rec skeleton network. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 ommendation, which itself deviates little In other words, Alaska's economic develop from the recommendation of the Presi Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, ment would be permanently stunted. hearings are presently being held in a No one seriously concerned with this issue dent, which, in turn, deviated little from House Interior Subcommittee on legisla suggests that additional mlllions of acres, the recommendations and budgets of the tion to classify for single purpose over beyond the 32 million so classified, should President before him. one-third of the land in the State of not be set aside for single-purpose (scenery The process is a charade designed to and wildlife) use. convince the public of something it will Alaska. But the Udall blll represents a.n altogether This bill, H.R. 39, will drastically affect probably never believe: that Congress is unreasonable overreach that is contrary not in control of a rational, deliberate, and the use of coal and oil reserves, pre only to Alaska's interest, but to that of a. na clude the development of 80 percent of tion increasingly and dangerously dependent fiscally responsible process of setting the State's hydroelectric power and re on the import of strategic raw materials receipts and expenditures. It is a charade move the opportunity to use most of the from abroad. because, despite the intricate system of State's t-imber and food crop producing The hearings opening this week are before bureaucracies and deadlines set out in land. a.n Alaska-lands subcommittee under the the congressional budget process, we do The effects of the upcoming decisions chairmanship of Representative John F. not have any better set of priorities in will extend far beyond the State of Seiberling, Ohio Democrat. The hearings wlll Federal spending than the days when be continued later in other cities, including billions of dollars in appropriations were Alaska. It is my hope that Congress can Seattle June 20. come up with a sensible management rammed through the Congress in the Our hope Is that out of the hearings w111 final days of a legislative session. It is a plan for our great State. A State with emerge common-sense legislation that en charade, because the Budget Committee, magnificent beauty and vast quantities dorses multiple use, a.s opposed to the single while claiming to have no power to decide of needed resources. use concept. for a reasonable part of America's northern storehouse of resources. funding for individual programs and ini I would like to share with my col tiatives, actually chisels these funding leagues a view that comes from the out levels into stone with the quiet passage side of the 49th State. The following edi of the First Concurrent Budget Resolu torial from the Seattle Times represents NOTICE OF HEARINGS BY HON. RON tion. And it is a charade, because through a balanced view that is growing among ALD M. MOTTL, ACTING CHAIR supplemental appropriations, budget those who realize the multifaceted im MAN, SUBCOMMITTEE ON EDUCA waivers, and Third and Fourth Budget portance of Alaska's lands within the TION AND TRAINING, COMMITTEE Resolutions, we have-often for good perspective of the national interest: ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS reasons-lost control in the end of the THE TIMES' OPINYON AND CoMMENT: How total amount of money spent and reve MUCH OF .ALASKA SHOULD BE LocKED UP? nues collected. Congressional hearings in Washington, HON. RONALD M. MOTTL In short, despite the impressive num D.C., open this week on a.n issue that over- shadows even the Alaska. oil pipellne in terms OF OHIO ber of very thorough option papers pub of long-range importance to the 49th state. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lished by the Congressional Budget Office, Environmentalist groups all across the Wednesday, April 27, 1977 the new budget process has not produced country are calling it their "issue of the dec any real options at all, either for the ade." Others call it the "greatest subdivision Mr. MOTTL. Mr. Speaker, the Vet Congress or the country. We continue to in history!' erans' Affairs Subcommittee on Educa waste extravagant amounts of money on At issue are the so-called "02 lands," in tion and Training plans to continue its military boondoggles justified in the reference to Section 02 of the Alaska. Native public hearings on Wednesday, May 4, to name of national security, while tolerat Claims Settlement Act of 1971. The act, which consider the implementing provisions of ing inhumane levels of despair, suffering, granted 40 million acres of Alaska land to natives in return for access to pipeline Public Law 94-502, the Veterans' Educa and frustration at home. We continue corridor properties. established a. commit tions and Employment Assistance Act of to misdirect and mismanage much of the ment to reserve millions of other acres for 1976. money set aside for domestic programs, publlc use. The witnesses will be limited to Mem while turning aside more imaginative ap The key question: How many millions? bers who may wish to appear personally proaches in the name of fiscal responsi Several bills are before Congress to answer with regard to any of the provisions of bility. And we continue to squander mil this question varying ways. But the immedi Public Law 94-502. Members wishing to lions of dollars each year for research ate focus of attention 1s on the so-called testify at the May 4 hearings should into answers for our dilemma when we "Alaska. Coa.lltlon Bill." whose chief sponsor make the necessary arrangements with do not have yet an adequate system of is the powerful chairman of the House In the subcommittee staff located in room considering the new options already set terior Committee, Representative Morris K. 335, Cannon House Office Building or by out requiring only some political will and Udall, Arizona. Democrat. personal fortitude on the part of the The popular designation o! Udall's meas calling 225-3527. The hearing record will ure is a misnomer. It has very 11 ttle to do be kept open for 1 week for Members elected officials. with any coalition withJn Alaska., but repre who wish to submit a statement for the This catalog of failings cannot be laid sents a.n attempt by environmental extrem- RECORD. solely at the feet of the House and Senate 12582 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 Budget Committees. But if the question Later this year, however, the Budget our House will have the foresight and the be asked: How has the new budget proc Committee will change its tune. When will to deal as fundamentally with Fed ess allowed us to begin to identify prob one Member wants to extend veterans' eral spending as they have. lems and choose among creative options educational benefits, or another increase In this same regard, Mr. Speaker, I for solving them, that answer, I am in assistance to retarded children or would like to insert into the RECORD the afraid, is that the process has been an handicapped adults, the scions of the statement made on this subject by the expensive failure. Budget Committee will rise piously to ex honorable Govem. ~r and Lieutenant No better example need be cited than press their sympathy with the idea, but Governor of Massachusetts. I urge all the relative funding levels for defense the reservation that these new initiatives Members to read it as a statement of and domestic programs. The American were not included in the assumptions of support at all levels for increased atten public has no stomach anymore for the the budget resolution. These assump tion to domestic needs: promises that tomorrow, always tomor tions, we later find out, are the agree STATEMENT BY THE GOVERNOR AND LIEUTENANT row, the appetite of the Nation's defense ments between authorizing committees GOVERNOR IN SUPPORT OF THE TRANSFER establishment will finally be satiated, and the Budget Committee as to just AMENDMENT that we will finally begin to address in a what exactly is included in the func As Governor and Lieutenant Governor of fundament'll way our pressing problems tional category ceilings. They are the line Ma-osachusetts, we are aware df the pres at home. We look to the new administra items which the committee says today sures put on state and local gov'ernments to tion for that change, and find that while p'l'ovide increased services in the face of in do not exist. sufficient funds. A major source of this fiscal there is some improvement, it is more I must join with my good colleagues, pressure is the massive diversion of resources symbolic than significant. We look to the Representatives MITCHELL and STOKES, at the national level from civilian spending authorizing committees, perhaps, to help to ask at what meeting the Budget Com to military spending. The insufficient invest reorient priorities through their requests mittee decided that the B-1 bomber was ment of the federal government in necessary to the Budget Committee, only to find more important than a frontal assault on programs creates an imbalance which aggra that the committees representing do the problem of unemployment for those vates unemployment and the decline of our mestic area functions are timid and un 40 percent of the youth in our urban industrialized areas. imaginative in their requests, while the areas. What was the time and room We agree with the National Conference Committee on Armed Services remains number of the session in which the cruise of Mayo'l's that the time has come to "re as unafraid and imaginative in defense missile was rated more vital to our na dress the imbalance between domestic ex penditures and expenditures for the Penta of the military as we have traditionally tional interest than national health in gon and foreign aid ...."We believe that the come to expect. And we look, finally to surance programs. What was the vote by most important element of our national de the Budget Committee, potentially the which the committee decided to increase fense is a healthy, productive population great priority setter, the master of the the number of generals in the Pentagon involved in constructive work. big picture. But we find, alas, that once while holding at current levels the num Therefore, we support a cut in military again the day of economic conversion ber of teachers in our schools, policemen spending for 1978 with the savings applied to has been put off, at least for another on our block, and social workers in our domestic, economic and social needs. fiscal year. homes. Communities whose economies are hurt by The tragedy is that these meetings the"e cutbacks should be aided by federal I wish I could believe that it was only programs so that no one section of our the great Russian bugaboo which could were never held-by the Budget Com nation beaTs the financial burden of eco explain this refusal to shift priorities mittee or any other. Those votes were nomic conversion. We support the concept after all these years of promises and never taken, those issues never wrestled refiected in the Transfer Amendment to the speculation. But I think we give the with. And that is the whole irrelevancy fir!"t concurrent budgot resolution to be sub Russians too much credit. More sig of this process, the so-called congres mitted by Congres"man Parren Mitchell. nificant has been our collective laziness, sional budget process. We have an ex MICHAEL S. DUKAKIS, timidity, the lack of leadership, and the pensive system to make sure that we THOMAS P. O'NEILL, III. absence of will here in the Congress, and spend only a tolerable amount more than in the budget process particularly, which we take in each year, and make sure that has prevented us from taking a radically no radical departures are taken to im fresh look at our budget priorities and prove or reorient public policy. Nothing GASOLINE TAX UNFAIR TO RURAL coming up with some acceptablv low more, nothing less. AMERICANS alternative to the $109 billion in military To put it more succinctly: Either the subsidy set for next year. Budget C.~mmittee should admit that it In its 139-page report to the House, does pass on major line items in its HON. BUD SHUSTER we get no sense of thic; great debate from budget assumptions, and deal with that OF PENNSYLVANIA the House Bud~et Committee. Inste~d. reality out front; or it ought to admit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under the section on national security, that it is merely a pawn of the author Wednesday, April 27, 1977 we get the bland and innocuous state izing and appropriating committees and ment: the Office of Management and Budget, Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, in 1975, and stop all this talk about revitalized the House of Representatives uncere The committee did not consider individual moniously rejected a gasoline tax in line items in its consideration of the fis~al congressional processes. They can't c~n year 1978 budget request. Rather, it concen tinue to have it both ways. crease that came to the ftoor as part of trated on trends which a.re readilv dic;cerni Today, the Budget Committee claims an energy bill. The House concluded that ble when the budget is exl'tmined in large we are only talking about general cate such a tax would imoose an unfair bur aggre~ates such as personnel and compen gories and bottom lines. So be it. The den on certain segments of our popula sa.tic,n, purchases of all types, and use of tion, while in effect rewarding other funds previously appropriated. bottom line of the congressional budget process is that the prk.>rities are as mis energy consuming segments by increas Nowh~re in the entire 139 pages of placed as they have been since the hey ing their relative purchasing power facts and fi~ures, projections and prom day of the Vietnamese conflict, and that through the absence of a tax. ises, is anything approaching a rebuttal Federal SJ:.ending is largely irrelevant to President Carter is now proposing that or even recognition of the excellent ar the needs and wants of the American we reevaluate our response to that 1975 gument put forth in supplemental views people. By its acquiescense, the budget initiative and approve a gas tax increase by Representatives MITCHELL and STOKES process is now an accessory and instru that could amount to as much as 50 cents that the relative balance between de ment to that failure. a gallon under certain consumption pat fense and nondefense spending "as ir I congratulate Representative MITCH terns. The Carter plan would add 5 cents responsive to basic human needs." One ELL and Representative STOKES for their to the present 4-cent per gallon Federal is fo:r:ced to conclude with Messiers efforts at the logical transfer of moneys gas tax for each year in which consump STOKES and MITCHEl-L that the budget to where they are so desperately needed. tion exceeds the President's gasoline con process is merely a bookkeeping process, Even a modest compromise in favor of sumotion goals. another bureaucracy with another set of reorienting Federal spending would be I am opposed to this plan, Mr. Sneaker, re·I!Ul"ltions designed to preserve things a major legislative accomplishment. My because any increase in the Federal gas as they are. fear, however, is that only a handful of tax would be grossly unfair to rural April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12583 Americans as well as those in our society by a regressive tax scheme that would Data on energy consumption which were collected by the Energy Policy Project at the who are poor or disadvantaged. stop and then reverse all the benefits Ford Foundation suggests that higher excise Both the proponents and opponents of that increased mobility has brought to taxes on gasoline would be quite regres the gas tax increase agree that it is re rural America. sive ... and would worsen the diStribution gressive. Indeed, a Library of Congress Urban dwellers would not feel this of effective purchasing power for many low analysis of rationing versus a higher tax pinch, because while many already use and moderate income families that cannot stated: buses, subways, and taxic3.bs, many more afford a new automobile and do not have Admittedly it (a gas tax increase) is re will be encouraged to do so with no pen access to convenient public transportation.' gressive, but in a. world where the appearance alty. They have the option of leaving Professor Renshaw added that- of f~irness is at least as important as actual their cars at home, or not buying one at Higher gasoline taxes ... ought to be de fairness there is a great advantage in any all. They can take a bus to work, walk to charge which falls automatically on any pur layed until poorer families have better access chaser in proportion to the amount he pur the grocery store, and have medic:ttion to used vehicles that are fuel efficient.' chases, and thus avoids all the individual delivered by a neighborhood pharmacy. Mr. Speaker, it is clear that an in decisions and administrative messiness of They can take cabs to concerts and crease in the gasoline excise tax would rationing systems.t movies, stroll through the park for in have a devasting impact on rural and dis That same paper asserted that- stant recreation. Rural Americans do not advantaged Americans. There is no justi The strongest argument in favor of a. gaso have these choices, and a gas tax will pe fication for this, particularly in light of line tax is its impersonality.t nalize them by making it more costly to engage in every day activities, which re the uncertain conservation value of a gas But what is impersonal, Mr. S~eaker, t3.x increase-which I shall deal with in about making it more expensive for a quires the use of their automobile. a future article. Surveys have shown rural American, who lives in a small vil And rural Americans, Mr. Speaker, are that the lowest fifth of all families in the group of Americans who can least af 1970 received only 5.5 percent of all lage 20 miles from his place of employ ford a reduction in their purchasing ment, to get to work? What is im~ersonal family income, while the top 5 percent about making it impossible for a widow power. The U.S. Census Bureau reported received nearly 15 percent.' A gasoline that the average per capita income in tax increase would certainly contribute on social security to drive the 15 miles to areas of 2,500 people or less was $2,498, the nearest pharmacy for her daily med while the per capita income of urbanized to even further polarization of America's ication? Or what is impersonal about areas-50,000 population or more-was economic structure. preventing a farm family of seven from 3 Mr. Speaker, 2 years ago, the House driving 20 miles to church on Sunday? $3,434. For a typic:ll family of five, Mr. of Representatives rejected a gas tax in These are just some of the conse Speaker, the difference in family income crease that would have radically altered quences of a gas tax increase, Mr. between the urban and rural family the lifestyles of rural Americans. I urge Speaker, which would have a devastating would be $4,680-the difference betY.reen my colleagues in the Congress to reaffirm effect on rural Americans while leaving $17,170 for the urban family and $12,490 our support for equal treatment for all those in urban areas untouched. for the rural family. Americans by rejecting the Carter gas Most rural Americans, we must re This means that while a rural family tax proposal with equal fervor. member, do not have access to the wide of five is already bringing home an aver ranging and sophisticated mass transit age of nearly $5,000 less than a compar systems that are found in most urban able urban family, the gas tax would eat areas, and must depend exclusively on a way further at his purchasing power FUNNY FIDEL? cars for their livelihood, daily needs, making that re:1l difference even greater. and recreation. William Greider, in an I am sure there are those who will HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL April 25, 1977, Washington Post article, argue that it is less expensive to live in described it this wa.y: rural areas, but to those let me suggest OF ILLINOIS that they visit a rural community and The new pattern of country living is a man IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or woman who drives 100 or 150 miles a day compare. Inflation has touched the coun Wednesday, April 27, 1977 from their farm or small town for a job in a tryside much as it h:1s the overcrowded medium-sized city. In Kentucky, people who cities, and the difference in the cost of Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I came live in benighted mountain counties drive living, if any, is far from $5,000 per year. across a story on the front page of the the turnpike to good jobs in Lexington. In Furthermore, automobile driving rural New York Times, April 25, 1977, that Illinois, a woman drives 140 miles a day com Americans are already subsidizing urban made me wonder just how long it is mutin~:t from Carbondale to Mt. Vernon. In mass transit riders through their gas tax going to take for some people to learn the West, the distances are more awesome the basic economic facts of life. The 2 contributions to the highway trust fund. st111. While rural folks pay their own way by story, headlined "Cubans Admit Their Our vast system of Federal-aid high buying an automobile, maintaining it, Economy Is in Serious Trouble," told of ways, has opened up whole new worlds to and keeping it filled with gasoline, mass a visit of American businessmen to Cuba. rural Americans. It has provided the transit riders pay roughly half of what They were told by Fidel Castro that the freedom of mobilitv not afforded in less it costs to operate urban mass transit Cuban economy has "deficiencies-lots of mobile societies, and has significantly in systems. Some of it is made up with gen deficiencies." The rest of the article goes creased their job choices. It has per eral revenue funds through programs on to list those economic deficiencies, mitted people to hold jobs that would under the Urban Mass Transportation among which are scarcity of consumer otherwise not be available to them. And Act, but the rest comes from the urban goods, shoddy products in stores, a cof it has been felt dramatically in the program and transfer provisions of the fee allotment of 1 ounce per week, a $3 changing demography of our Nation. Federal-aid highway program, financed million-a-day subsidization of the Cuban Since 1973, there has been a net outmi almost wholly by the gas tax supported economy by the Soviet Union, low manu gration from urban areas to rural and highway trust fund. And this year, trust facturing ability, and a construction small town America, and there is every fund revenues can be used for mass industry which is directed by Castro to indication that this trend will continue. transit operating subsidies. construct no building higher than five Long-distance commuting, made possible Mr. Speaker, how much more must stories so that the cost of elevators will by more cars and more roads, has stimu rural Americans be asked to endure? Is be eliminated. In short, another Com lated new development and new popula it fair to impose an additional hardship munist paradise, in which workers and tion growth in rural America. Now that on a class of people already burdened peasants are treated equally: Both are growth, and the livelihoods and lifestyles with low incomes, poor services, and a exploited. of millions of Americans, is threatened generally declining economy? Edward F. Under the Batista dictatorship, Cuba Renshaw, a professor of economics and had the highest standard of living in t Valerie Amerkhail, Economic Analyst, natural resources at the State University the Carribean area and one of the high Economics Division, Library of Congress, of New York, and a widely respected au est in all of Latin America. Under the "The Gac:oline Shortae-e--Rationing vs. a Hi{'!:her Tax," November 27. 1973. thority on tax and environmental mat 2 William Greider, "Car Crazv in America, ters, wrote: •Edward F. Renshaw, "Automobiles: The A Nat1on in Overdrive," Washington Post, Case for a Negative Expenditure Tax," Tax April 25, 1977. a U.S. Bureau of Census. Notes, March 14, 1977. 12584 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2'7, 1977 The coffee ration (and coffee is a favorite children-is too small to support much pro• Castro dictatorship, Cuba has what are duction for locll consumption only. coyly referred to as "economic troubles." Cuban drink) has been squeezed down to Batista's was an efficient economy and about an ounce a week to save beans for EARS OPEN FOR DEALS export. All these economic problems are pushing an inefficient dictatorship. Castro's is an A modification of the five-year plan is the Cubans into new directions. After one efficient dictatorship and an inefficient under way, stretching out industrialization official told the American businessmen that economy. but emphasizing anything that will reduce joint ventures were impossible, still higher We are told Castro has made im imuorts and increase exoorts. officials came back the next d-ay and said the provements in such areas as education. Young Cubans are wiiling to buy practi opposite. We were told Mussolini ma.de the trains cally anything from the visiting Americans Contract manufacturing, payment for run on time. We are told Castro is their shoes, hats, even sunglasses-for more plants with the production from those same popular. We were told Hilter is popular. cash than these items cost back home. plants and the use of foreign capital and But possibly the most obvious symbol of management talent are all possibillties, We are told Castro wants ''better rela economic troubles was the lavish di3play of Cubans told Americans. Cuban law does not tions" with the United States-and now hospihlity that the Cubans put on for the take such ventures or investments into ac we know why: Communism has de Americans. There were two elaborate meet count, but over and over again the Cubans stroyed the economy of Cuba and the ings with Fidel Castro. One was an hour emuhaslzed that "any proposition will be spirit of its most productive workers. and-a-half session of handshaking and an list-ened to." They said that deals could be Mr. Speaker, there is something swering questions from the 52-member group; worked out with a bit of imagination. In macabre about a report of American the second was a four-hour rum-and-lobster dustries such as food, candy, pulp and paper, meeting with 16 of the Minnesot:1ns in his citrus processing, auto parts and tourism were businessmen chuckling over Fidel's little office. He also sent a truckload of gifts for mentioned as possibilities for some type of jokes-he can be "amusing" the Times them on departure. Other high-level officials joint enterprise. tells us-while, perhaps only a few miles led day-long discussions on the Cuban busi Tourism is another troublesome business from where they are sitting and drink ness climate, and the Cubans staged two im the Cubans are being pushed into. One of ing rum, men and women are rotting in pressive banquets for their guests. them said that, "when the time comes, we underground cells for no other reason Some foreigners stationed in Havana say will have to stop and think if it is con than that they believe the Cuban people the economic troubles have intensified be venient to us to have large numbers of would be better off without dictator cause a massive administrative decentraliza Americans" swarming over the Communist tion reform is cau~ing confusion in the bu island. ship of any kind, either right or left. reaucracy, which they say is relatively inef In addition, Mr. Gomez-Trueba., said, Fidel can be very amusing, it seems. ficient, at the lower levels anyway. "large investments must be made, hotels President Carter talks about human But the heart of Cuba's economic troubles must be built and a large infrastructure rights. President Carter wants to estab lies in the poverty of the island itself, its low must be created." And then there's the prob lish better relations with a government level of natural and energy resour;::es and its lem of devoting a good part of a socialist whose record on human rights is as blessing and its curse-sugar. Three years economy to making Americans comfortable. notorious as it is abominable. What does ago sugar brought more than 60 cents a Nevertheless, Mr. Castro said, Cuba will move the United States serve to gain by pound. Today it is about 10 cents a pound, ahead to increase tourism. economically helping Castro? No one in and recently it was as low as 7 or 8 cents. While Mr. Castro and others warned that CUBA'S CROP PROBLEM even a resumption of economic relations this House has ever satisfactorily an would not mean enormous trade immedi swered that question. In order to provide "Seven cents is below the cost of produc tion," President Castro told the American ately, he said Cuba would make "adjust some facts about current conditions in vi:;it::>rs during a half-hour explanation of ments" in its own economic planning to Cuba, I include the New York Times why Cuba. grows sugar instead of other food accommodate the potential benefits from article, "Cubans Admit Their Economy crops for its own consumption. (It is more trade with America. Buying from America would be an im Is in Serious Trouble" in the RECORD: profitable.) The Soviet Union pays three portant factor in improving Cuba's economy CUBANS ADMIT THEm EcoNOMY Is IN SERIOUS times the current world price for Cuban sug,r, and Westerners say the total Soviet because it could buy key products for less. TROUBLE-U.S. BUSINESSMEN TOLD OF TECH Cuba imports 200,000 tons of rice a year NOLOGY NEEDS sub.,idy bere runs ab011t $3 millirn a day. But Cuba still has 2 mlllion metric tons or pos from the Orient, for example, when America (By Jerry Flint) sibly 2.5 mlllion, more than a third the crop, is a maj-or rice producer. In addition, much HAVANA, April 22.-Cuban officials, in five available for the world market. of the technology Cuba wants is available days of frank talk with Minnesota business Sugar is the nation's major export and only from America. And, of course, Ameri men, made it clear this week that their Com source of hard currency. Jn 1971, before the can consumer-type goods are popular. munist nation is in serious economic trouble. big sugar boom, Cuba's exports to the non A MARKET IN UNITED STATES? The officials gave the message in almost Communist world (mostly sugar) were valued But Mr. Castro also said "I don't see how every meeting that they wanted to make at $300 million. Tn 1974 they soared above $1 we'll be able to buy" unless Cuba can sell deals-economic, and quite possibly political. billion. Last year they were down to $600 goods to the United States. Cuba could sell "We have deficiencies," said Fidel Castro, mlllion. cigars, rum, nickel, citrus fruit and fish prod President of Cuba's State Council, "lots of Cuba needs exports to buy products and ucts, but big dollar earnings could come deficiencies." technology. The nation's m9.nufacturing abil only by selllng sugar in the United States "We cannot develop our own technologies," ity is low. Even some of Cuba's national gar again, and in large volumes. added Angel Gomez-Trueba, First Deputy ment, the ~ becoming increasingly aware of the panel of reviewers led by Dr. Lawrence Haf RESPONSIBLE FEDERAL BUDGET PROCESS struggle between KMS and ERDA over stad, retired vice president for research and The Congressional Budget and Im engineering of General Motors, ERDA began poundment Control Act of 1974 has given the continued development of laser funding the KMSF work in early 1975. fusion as a civil energy project separate The Joint Commit tee recommended $14 Congress a greater opportunity to de from the military oriented programs. mUllon for KMSF work for FY 1977, more velop a responsible Federal budget. In February of this year-before I than double the budget request, and the Under the terms of this act, the First even began my series-Industrial Re amount was raised by amendments on the Concurrent Resolution on the budget for search ran an article on this very matter. floor to $20 million in the House version of each fiscal year must establish aggre the appropriations bill. Although the au gate targets for revenues, new budget I would like to share this article with you thorization conference report was never today: authority, outlays, the deficit, and the agreed to by both Houses, the appropriations public debt. CONGRESS, CARTER FACE FUSION FRAY bill itself provided $10 million and the con (By Hal Tufty) ference report specified it was for the "on It acts as a guide for each of the 13 appropriations subcommittees and es Carter transition initiatives and the new going" program of KMSF. alignment of power from the reorganization Despite such indic3.tions of congressional tablishes the Federal spending priorities of congressional committee jurisdictions will intent, ERDA thru 1976 kept laser fusion for each fiscal year. be important power changes to watch in the development for whatever purpose, in the In effect, this budget process forces 1977 federal R&D picture. domain of the weapons complex. The new Congress to view the Federal budget as 1976 contract according to the ERDA spokes a whole. Its aim is to force Congress to An illustrative example is the push-pull men was not for the "on going" KMSF pro struggle over who will dominate future deci gram but for a new program aimed at sup live within budget totals for spending, sions on fusion R&D for energy: the military, port of the m111tary-oriented programs for revenues, and the deficit. the civilian bureaucracies and government the weapons laboratories, at the level of the TAXPAYERS LOSE labs, or the private sector. original budget request. Unfortunately, Congress has again The transfer of legislative functions held ERDA's congressional presentations said since 1954 in the Joint Committee on Atomic the laser fusion program managed by the new failed to take advantage of this oppor Energy, agreed upon in caucus, but still to Office of Laser Fusion, part of the security tunity. The House Budget Committee be approved at this writing, presages more directorate, was for both mllitary and civli has reported the First Concurrent Budg congressional scrutiny by the 95th Congress energy purposes. It was called a "scientific" et Resolution for fiscal year 1978. The in various aspects of the energy R&D effort. program uninfluenced by the ultimate ap proponents of even more Government The currently foreseen redistribution of plication, but the promised near-term mili spending, bigger deficits, and more infla legislative responsibilities would give the tary p::1.yofl', said ERDA, dictated that the two tion have won another victory. The tax Senate Interior Committee chaired by Sena objectives be pursued under military direc payers are again the losers. tor Jackson and the House Committee on tion. The result, as one congressional staffer The Budget Committee is recommend Science & Technology chaired by Congress ing that Congress approve a budget for man Teague jurisdiction over all civilian pointed out, is no test of the validity of the energy programs. KMSF single-purpose concept aimed at civil the coming fiscal year in the amount of The House subcommittee on energy will be energy needs with no military application. $462.3 billion. That represents a 10.8 headed by Representative Mike McCormack The new set-up in Congre!:s, and Carter's percent increase over last year's spend who t eamed with Senator Jackson in the nuclear and scientific knowledge, will likely ing level. Moreover, if we accept the Joint Committee last year to question provide an opportunity for private industry committee's recommendations, we will ERDA's assignment of civil energy laser to make a case for laser fusion as a new en ergy source, and at the same time show the be approving a Federal deficit of $64.3 fusion development to the military side of way for more flexib111ty in federal R&D billion. ERDA. All laser fusion work at government Mr. Speaker, the budget process was installations now is performed in the weap policies. ons laboratories, principally the Los Alamos designed to bring discipline to the pre Scientific Laboratory, N. Mex., and the Law viously haphazard growth in Federal rence Livermore Laboratory, Calif. ANOTHER IRRESPONSIDLE spending and the national debt. But, the Last year the congresc;ional "tilt" toward FEDERAL BUDGET recommendations of the Budget Com civman control was seen in the appropria mittee make a mockery of that process. tions conference report last July which listed Rather than providing a blueprint to laser fusion development along with mag HON. ROBERT W. KASTEN, JR. bring fiscal responsibility back to the netic confinement as civil projects. The Car OF WISCONSIN Federal Government, the committee res ter transition team already has cited laser IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES olution ratifies the "business as usual" fusion as one of the problem areas to be dealt with early in the new administration. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 approach to Federal spending which has placed serious inflationary pressures on The establishment of laser fusion as a KASTEN. Speaker, in recent civil energy project separate from the mili Mr. Mr. our economy. years, wasteful and unnecessary levels of tary oriented programs of ERDA has long INCREASE IN DEBT been sought by KMS Fusion Inc. The Ann Federal spending have placed an unfair Arbor, Mic'h., group initiated its own laser burden on the American taxpayer. There has been a deficit in the Federal fusion program for civil energy purposes back The tax burden faced by middle-in tudget for every year except one since in 1969 . . . before the government labora come Americans is one of the most vola 1960. The committee proposal would al tories acknowledged any application of laser tile issues in America today. Survey after low the total public debt to surpass the fusion technology for other than military survey pegs "taxes" as a major concern $800 billion mark. If we follow the com purposes. of the people. mittee, we will be perpetuating the im Tht- comp9.ny claims to have invested $20 million in this work before coming to ERDA Far too often, when we approve billion prudent and wasteful spending practices for support in 1974. KMSK now is dependent dollar programs and deficits, we forget of past Congresses, and we will have done on government support for its laser fusion that the financial burden of Government so by conscious action rather than hap work, but insists that its program will lead today goes beyond the Federal level. Peo hazard design. more rapidly to commercialization of laser ple back home are paying more and more This need not be the case. As one of fusion for civil energy than will the "in in State and local taxes, and at every his last acts, former President Ford pre house" government program. level, inflation has caused excessive taxa sented Congress with a budget proposal Three issues seem to be emerging as points tion of all Americans. aimed at fiscal responsibility. Had the of special congressional interest in laser fusion. One is the question of government For this reason, decisions concerning Ford administration's budget proposals laborB~tories vs industrial facilities. Another the Federal budget for fiscal year 1978 for the past 2 years been accepted by the is the influence of mmtary requirements over will be among the most important to be majority in Congress, we would have a project claimed to have great promise as a made during the 95th Congress. As we been within grasp of a balanced budget new civil energy source. face the complex problems of inflation, by fiscal year 1978. The committee's rec A third is the lack of stimulation and im unemployment, Government reOl·ganiza ommendations would put att9inment of petus for the in-house program when there is tion, and the energy crisis, we cannot a balanced budget off into the unforsee no comPetition from outsit1e, which also ignore the impact of the decisions we means delay in starting the building of in able future. dustrial cap9.city before the new develop make on Federal spending. We must act The House Committee on the Budget ments can be exploited for public benefit. now to reduce the tax burden and put an has failed to report a responsible spend Apparently in response to congressional end to unnecessary Government spend ing proposal for fiscal year 1978. Instead, prodding, and the recommendations of a ing. they have recommended a plan which 12590 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2'7, 1977 very well may result in bigger deficits, Percent had already assumed the responsibility spiraling inflation, and, ultimately, re Yes ------49 .for halting illegal drug traffic. I believe No ------46 that in pursuing this goal, we must now cession. Don't Know or Don't Drive______6 Today, the full membership of the provide protection for the pharmacists House of Representatives must review Will you install a solar energy system who have become prime targets for those the committee report and act to restore within the next three years if the rebate pro seeking to obtain drugs. posal is passed? The text of my bill is as follows: fiscal responsibility. Should they fail to Percent take such action, the American taxplyer H.R. 6676 will be forced to pay the price. Yes ------9 A bill to amend the Controlled Substances No ------66 Don't Know or Don't Understand Solar Act to provide penalties for persons who obtain or attempt to obtain narcotics or Systems ------25 other coontrolled substances from a retail What if anything wm you do to im pharmacy by force and violence, and for POLL ON ENERGY prove your home's energy use? other purposes Percent Add Insulation______23 Be it enacted by the Senate and House HON. JAMES G. MARTIN Install Storm windows or weather-strip- of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the OF NORTH CAROLINA ping ------12 Other (tnrn down thermostat, use fire- Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 1301 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES et seq., Public Law 91-513) is amended by place, close off rooms)------24 Wednesday, April 27, 1977 Already done all we can______19 inserting Immediately following section 411 wm do nothing______12 (21 U.S.C. 851) thereof the following: Mr. MARTI.N. Mr. Speaker, there are "THEFT AND OTHER CRIMES TO OBTAIN NARCOT some who contend the President's energy Live in a.n oa.partment------7 Don't KnoW------3 ICS OR OTHER CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES proposals are draconian, and others who "SEc. 412. (a.) It shall be unlawful for any contend accepting them would be bravely person- biting a marshmallow. Both will gain " ( 1) to break and enter the premises of comfort from the results of a poll re- CURBING PHARMACY THEFT a retail pharmacy with the intent to steal, cently completed by, and public;hed in, or otherwise obtain by _unlawful means, a the Charlotte, N.C., News. While some narcotic or other controlled substance; or HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN "(2) to obtain, or attempt to obtain, from people appear likely to conserve, this or within the premises of a retail pharmacy, initial pulse-taking does not show much OF FLORmA by force or violence, a narcotic or other con more than a moderate increase in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trolled substance. public's commitment to conserve more Wednesday, April 27, 1977 "(b) ( 1) Except as provided for in para than they are doing. I would like to share graphs (2) and (3), any person who violates the moderately encouraging results with Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am today subsection (a) (1) shall be fined not more our colleagues: reintroducing a bill which would make than $5,000 or imprisoned for not less than the attempted or actual robbery or bur two years and not more than twenty years, ENERGY-WHAT Do You THINK? or both such fine and imprisonment. This Charlotte News poll is based on tele glary of a pharmacy a Federal crime. The "(2) Any person who violates subsection phone interviews with 116 adults and is bal Controlled Substances Act, which puts (a) while armed, or by assaulting any per anced to insure all parts of Mecklenburg narcotics under Federal jurisdiction, also son, or by putting in jeopardy the life of County are represented. It was conducted by leaves the pharmacist in a most vulner any person by the use of a. dangerous weap nine professional interviews working for the able position. While curbing the illegal on or device, shall be fined not more t han Marketing Research Department of Knight im!)ortation of dru«ss, it has caused crim $10,000 or imprisoned for not less than Publishing Co. The error factor is 5 to 10 inals to turn to the community phar five years and not more than twenty-five per cent. years, or both such fine and imurisonment. macist as their new source. "(3) Any person who, in violating subsec What do you think of the proposal to tax Within a 3-J .1onth period in 1975, the new cars that get less than 1.3 miles per tion (a) , kills or maims any other person 0 gallon while giving tax rebates on new cars National Asc;ociation of Retail Druggists shall be imprisoned !or not less than ten that get better than 13 mlies per gallon? received 1,155 reports of drug-related years.". crimes, and they believe this is just the SEc. 2. The table of contents of the Com Percent tip of the iceberg. prehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Agree ------47 According to the Drug Enforcement Control Act of 1970 is amended by inserting Disagree ------43 Administration-DEA-in the second after the item relating to section 411 the Don't Know ------10 half of fiscal year 1976, 74 percent of the following: What about the proposal to increase the total volume of drugs stolen were from "Sec. 412. Theft and other crimes to obtain -gas tax 1f consumption is not restrained? pharmacies. narcotics or other controlled Percent In a survey done by Pharmacy Times, substances." .0 Agree ------87 52 percent of the pharmacists responding Disagree ------57 had been robbed, a majority more than Don't Know ------6 once. HANAFI MUSLIM INACCURACIES What do you think of the proposal to give An additional problem which must be tax rebates to homeowners who winterize considered is the increase in multidrug their homes? HON. NEV/TON I. STEERS, JR. Percent use. Drug abusers are now seeking out schedule II drugs available only from OF MARYLAND Agree ------79 Disagree ------15 drug stores, such as quaaludes, ampheta IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Don't Know ------6 mines, and sleeping pills. Juveniles abus Wednesday, April 27, 1977 What about tax credits for installation of ing these drugs are becoming amateur solar energy systems? criminals. Because these youths are so Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, on April14, Percent easily frightened, they are also more the Washington Post printed a story prone to violence. about the Hanafi Muslims who were re Agree ------0 53 In sponsible for the recent hostage-taking Disagree ------22 many areas, ;.Jharmacies are curtail Don't KnOW------25 ing their evening hours for fear of as incident in Washington. In that article, If the proposals made by President Carter sault, causing severe hardship to those the Post quoted, at length, an anti are passed, will the next car you buy be in need of medication. Unfortunately, Semitic and highly inaccurate account smaller than the one you now own? this also leaves pharmacies more vulner of the origins of slavery, and I was Percent able to burglaries. shocked to see that the Post neglected The pharmacy theft bill would provide to offer any alternative interpretations Yes ------0·-- 32 No, we already own a small car------23 stiff penalties under Federal law for bur that would have provided a more bal No, we wlll not buy a small car______41 glarizing a drug store to obtain drugs and anced picture. 0 Don't KnoW------4 stiffer penalties for the use of force or I am inserting into the RECORD a letter wm you change your driving habits to use violence in drug store robberies. I sent to the Post protesting this unfair less gasoline than you now use? Mr. Speaker, the Federal Government and unbalanced piece of journalism: April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF RE~IARI<.S 12591 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COUNTY OF YOLO, lots merely by flashing a driver's license or washington, D.C., April 15, 1977. Woodland, Calif., April15, 1977. a Social Security card, the possibilities for The EnrroR, Hon. 'WILLIAM M. KETCHUM, fraud are immense. The proponents argue The Washington Post, House Office Building, that there would be checks on phony cre Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. dentials and multiple voting, but given the DEAR Sm: I am writing in reference to your HONORABLE CONGRESSMAN KETCHUM; En ingenuity of our politicians, you wonder. If news article of April 14 concerning the Hanafi cl~sed please find a Xerox copy of an Edi there were safeguards, just imagine how long Muslim, Abdul Salim, and, specifically, to the torial that appeared in the Sacramento Union it would take to process a hundred voters five paragraphs devoted to Salim's anti-se Newspaper on April 12, 1977, in which I agree through a polling place. With the inevitable mitic and highly inaccurate account of the 100 % and feel we should not be considering challenges, a good guess would be at least a origins of slavery. I am most upset that the this approach. fortnight. Washington Post, which has a reputation for This is not what Americans want. The con Too, unscrupulous politicians and dedi being a responsible newspaper, has printed, cerned citizens of our Great Nation see to it cated party hacks (and they do exist) would as though it had a fa.::tual basis and without that they are registered and then vote. It is be carrying the unconcerned, lazy and un rebuttal, an inflammatory and racist "inter not a hit and miss situation. This type of educated to the polls by the busload. Do we pretation" of how "Zionist Jews ... were the legislation is for the unscrupulous individ really want to hype the voter turnout in cause of us (blacks) be:ng taken out of uals, whether it is a politician, his backer, or this manner? Is the country not better off if Africa and being brought to this country." individuals/groups conducting registration those who are not motivated to vote stay To provide a balanced article, and thus to drives who are being paid so ll!.UCh for each home? avoid the reader's natural supposition that affidavit. The non-citizen will use this, not We already have eliminated literacy as a there is some validity in Salim's hate-filled really for voting, but as an identification requirement for voting. The voting age has diatribe, the Post should have pointed out, when stopped and will also try to use it as been lowered to 18. Registration has been at least briefly, that there are other views a method of obtaining U.S. Citizenship. He made as simple as stating your name, address which totally refute some of Salim's unwar wlll vote only because it will help document and party affiliation. What more could the ranted claims. One appropriate source would his case or he ma.y be paid to vote for some President want? Obviously, he wants the rest, have been a column by Smith Hempstone one or for some proposition. although assuredly they will not be the best. which appeared on March 13, 1977, in the I am also against my tax dollars being used As for subsidizing the election of congress Washington Post. to support candidates. This country needs men, most of us are already of the opinion Hempstone points out that slavery existed money for more useful things, not paying that we are subsidizing the incumbents. By in Africa long before the Spanish Inquisi candidates to get themselves elected. If they paying for their election out of taxes, we tion, although Salim would have us believe undertake the responsibility of becoming would virtually insure ourselves of reelect that during the Inquisition, the "Jews led candidates, then they undertake the pespon ing them until death. Congressmen already Spanish slave traders to the part of Africa sibility of financing their own campaigns, have every advantage over an unknown chal where they could find Muslims who were sold and not with my tax dollars. lenger. They have free mailing privileges, easy into slavery". Hempstone says, "the thirst This legislation will also create another access to the press and television, travel ex for slaving, which the Koran (like the Bible) layer of bureaucracy, the Federal Election penses paid for out of the Treasury (even does not forbid, seemed to be in the very Commissioners, with an Administrat::r and when they don't travel and large staffs and blood of some Moslem Africans." Associate Administrator, not to mention generous office allowances that are often used the "BRIDE" provisions of this act concern for political purposes. Hempstone points out that slave "traffic ing financial assistance. Do you realize the We should not give the incumbents a was started by the Arabs over a thousand money it will take to finance this? For Cali greater headstart in election campaigns than years before the discovery of the New World", fornia several million, and the United States they already enjoy. and he cites historical documentation. Copi as a whole, I estimate several billion. IT IS Mr. Carter's argument for scrapping the ous additional evidence is furnished which, NOT WORTH IT. Hatch Act also strikes us a.s special pleading had any of it been quoted, would allow read Congressman, I respect my vote and honor for his party. He says the 2.8 million em ers to realize that Salim was venting baseless in voting, plus my tax dollars, too much to ployees are denied the rights of other Amer allegations on a par with the reasoning used see these honorable things removed by these icans by not being allowed to hustle votes by the Hanafi leader in avenging himself, for meaningless propcsals as reflected in Univer for politicians. Those who agree with him the atrocities committed against him, by sal Voter Registration Act of 1977. I can see say the Hatch Act 1s an anachronism now committing atrocities against completely in only that this will bring our country into that we have civil service. On the contrary, nocent and unrelated other persons. one of the biggest fiascos it has ever known the rise of public employee m111tancy and Yours sincerely, or seen. unionism makes the anti-politicking law NEWTON I. STEERS, Jr., I am confident you will approach this bill more essential than ever. Member of Congress. with the utmost concern for our citizens and Finally, Mr. Carter wants to wipe out the their tax monies. In my opinion, this is not election of the president by the states' elec a good bill. tors. At first glance, this proposal would Sincerely, seem to have merit. After all, it 1s possible ELECTION REFORM LAURENCE P. HENIGAN, that a presidential candidate with the most County Clerk. popular vote could lose the electoral vote. Possible, but highly improbable. In fact, it HON. WILLIAM lti. KETCHUM PROPOSALS BY CARTER FINE-FOR DEMOCRATS has happened only once in 200 years. That OF CALIFORNIA President Carter is being a hog about his was in 1888 and the difference between the two candidates was only 91,000 votes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES share of the vote. His election "reform" pro posals are designed to pile on the votes for (No, it did not happen in 1824 and 1876 Wednesday, April 27, 1977 the Democratic party. "Why not the best?" as Mr. Carter asserted. In 1824 we did not is being followed by "Why not the rest?" have the present system, and it was the Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, Presi The President wants instant voting. The House of Representatives that put in John dent Carter has made public his pro potential voter needn't bother to register. Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson. In 1876 posals for election "reform." I, for one, He need merely appear at the polling place Samuel Tilden won not only the popular vote do not share his enthusiasm for univer with some kind of identification in hand in but the electoral vote. A rigged election com sal voter registration or public financ order to vote on the spot. mission shifted the votes of Southern states ing of congressional and sena torial He wants to abolish the electoral college in a deal to put in Rutherford H. Hayes.) campaigns. The former proposal will in system in favor of direct popular election of If there is a danger of the popular-vote the president. winner being denied by the electoral vote, sure election fraud while the latter will He asks that the Hatch Act be scrapped, and it is exceedingly slight, it is not as great deprive citizens of their right to partici permitting federal workers to campaign for a-s the danger of direct election of the presi pate in the election process-after all, politicians. dent. Direct election would almost certainly how will you feel when your tax dollars And he wants citizens to pay for the cam be the last blow in the destruction of federal go t-oward electing so~eone you do not paigns of U.S. senators and representatives. ism. agree with? All of his proposals are designed to in It would increase the fragmentation of the Recently, I received a letter from the crease the majority of the Democrats, which party system and open the way to a multipli county clerk of Yolo County, Calif., ex already is dangerously large. The plan, cation of splinter parties. It is probable that drafted by Vice President Walter Mondale, no candidate would get 40 percent of the pressing his opinions on these issues. His vote because of the growth of splinter par remarks reflect my sentiments and I am would move the United States further along the road to the one-party state. ties. This would lead to runoffs and all the sure those of many other Americans. It's difficult to say which of the four pro attendant bargaining that leads to the sec Following is the text of his letter as well posals is worst. They are equally bad. But ond man becoming the first man. In short, a as an April 12 editorial from the Sac perhaps the most wretched is that for in minority president. ramento Union which I commend to my stant voting. To all four of Mr. Carter's proposals, we colleagues' attention: I! persons were allowed to cast their bal- say no. 12592 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 CAN U.N. CLOSE U.S. RHODESIAl'I tougher) would be to prevent the United Other relatives include two brothers-in OFFICE? States from allowing the Rhodesian Infor law reti red from the D.C. force and a nephe\v mation Office to receive, as it now does, funds still on active duty here, two other nephews from Salisbury for the purpose of carrying with the Prince George's County police, a,nd HON. LARRY McDONALD on its information activities. In short order, a deceased brother-in-law who had been a the little office would have to close down. deputy U.S. marshal. OF GEORGIA Must this country obey the U.N.'s instruc Mr. Xander was born in Washington in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions in this matter? Incredibly, there is a 1915, and attended Eastern High School and Strayer business college here. He began his Wednesday, April 27, 1977 respectable school of legal opinion that be lieves it must. career in law enforcement in 1934 with the Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, as I The U.S. Senate ratified the United Nations Federal Bureau of Investigation, working in mentioned on April 22, 1977, on page Charter in 1945, and under our Constitu the identification section. 11949 Of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, SYS tion the Constitution itself, plus all laws en He won his appointment to the Metropoli acted by Congress, "and all treaties made, or tan Police Department on Nov. 1, 1939, and tematic harassment by the U.S. Govern which shall be made, under the authority of was first assigned as foot patrolman in what ment is taking place against the Wash the United States, shall be the supreme law was then the 11th precinct-now the seventh ington, D.C. Rhodesian Information of the land." district. Office in an effort to censor Rhodesia's If the U.N. Security Council (so the argu Mr. Xander was transferred in 1941 to the side of the story. If this were not bad ment runs) "decides," as it claims the power special investigations squad of the detective enough, the United Nations, an institu under the Charter to do, that every member bureau. He was promoted to precinct detec tion noted for its high degree of selective state must close up any information offices tive in 1945, and to detective sergeant in the indignation and hypocrisy, is now at of Rhodesia on its territory, then this coun robbery squad a year later. He was promoted try is bound to comply. (With Andy Young to detective lieutenant in 1958 and assigned tempt!ng to close the Rhodesian Inform representing us, a U.S. veto is hardly likely.) to the third detective district. ation Office in the United States by But what about the 1st Amendment to Mr. Xander graduated from the FBI Na means of a resolution. I deplore this at the Constitution, which asserts that "Con tional Academy in 1960. Four years later, he tempt at censorship also and commend gress shall make no law . . . abridging the was detailed to the U.S. Capitol Police and Mr. William A. Rusher's recent column freedom of speech"? Presumably Rhodesia's assigned to supervise security for the U.S. on this matter as it appeared in Human foes would reply that they are not denying Hou"e of Representatives. Events of April 30, 1977, to the attention Messrs. Towsey and Hooper the right of free While continuing on detail with the Capi of my colleagues: speech they are merely decreeing that they tol Police force, Mr. Xa.nder was promoted to will have to starve to death while exercis the rank of captain on the D.C. force in 1966, CAN U.N. CLOSE U.S. RHODESIAN OFFICE? ing it. to inspector in 1968 and finally to deputy (By WilHam A. Rusher) By United Nations standards, that argu chief. Over the same period, he rose to the United Nations, N.Y.-This overrated pack ment is downright plausible but cf course rank of assistant chief on the Capitol force, of hypocrites, dominated by countries where in reality it is pure poppycock. Just as the which guards the U.S. Congress, its bulldings, free speech is unheard of, is preparing to power to tax 1s the power to destroy, the and visitors. clamp down on certain opinions it dislikes power to deny funds to the holder of a par "We had confidence in each other when right here in the United States. If the Ameri ticular viewpoint is in effect the power to the chips were down," recalled James M. can Civil Liberties Union doesn't take up this prevent him from expressing it. But then Powell, chief of the Capitol Pollee and Mr. issue and battle it all the way to the Supreme Congress isn't actually "making" this law Xander's partner for many years on the D.C. Court, it will deserve the Double Standard the United Nations is. police robbery squad. "It's like going through Prize of 1977. We had better win this fight, or next year a war together. He trusted me and I trusted There has existed in Washington, ever may be 1984. him, and we knew that neither of us would since Rhodesia declared its independence let e'lch other down." from Britain in 1965, a tiny outfit called the Through much of his law enforcement ca Rhodesian Information Office. It is manned reer, Mr. Xander was an active and skllled by two doughty Rhodesians, Ken Towsey and DEPUTY POLICE CHIEF HERMAN amateur baseball nlayer. A catcher, he played John Hooper, and its basic function is to XANDER for FBI, Metropolitan Police Department and 'inform Americans on matters concerning other amateur teams. Before joining the city's police force, he had considered a pro Rhodesia, including the views of the Rho fessional b':l.~eball career and tried out for desian government whose (duly registered) HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON agent it is. three major league teams. OF MARYLAND Survivors Include hi~ wife, Mary Elizabeth, If you have any idea how hard it is to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Pome in Indian Head. Md.; his mother, obtain information on Rhodesia that hasn't Mae, a brother, Bernard; a sister, Mrs. Amelta been filtered through the propaganda ma Wednesday, April 27, 1977 Leukhardt; a son Richard, and two grand chines of either the Communist powers or children, all of Oxon HUI. Western liberalism (both of which detest Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, all of us on Ian Smith's government), you wlll appre Capitol Hill lost a friend recently with ciate how absolutely priceless this little office the untimely death of Deputy Police has been over the years to those of us who Chief of Washington, D.C., Herman W. PERSONAL EXPLANATION try to report the facts from a different per Xander. Until his death last week, Mr. spective: Xander served here as assistant chief of Naturally the dissemination of news and the U.S. Capitol Police. HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN opinions about Rhodesia disapproved by the For more than 37 years, Chief Xander OF NEW JERSEY United Nations has annoyed this august as semblage of would-be international bullies, served this Federal city and the Capitol IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and they b ave finally hit upon a means of with dedication and distinction. I am Wednesday, April 27, 1977 closing down the Rhodesian Information sure my colleagues and everyone on Office and stlencing Rhodesia's voice in this Capitol Hill mourns his loss and joins in Mr. PATI'EN. Mr. Speaker, due to country altogether. tribute to a man who served well in exe scheduled meetings and previous com There is circulating through the U.N.'s cuting his responsibilities. Allow me to mitments, I was not present to record my corridors these days a draft resolution whose share with my colleagues this article votes on a number of legislative meas key provision declares that the Security from the Washington Post: ures. I list below how I would have voted Councll, "Acting under Chapter 7 of the had I been present: Charter of the U.N., decides that all states HERMAN W. XANDER DIES; DEPUTY D.C. POLICE CHIEF Rollcall No. 104, "aye." members of the U.N. shall prohibit the use Rollcall No. 131, "aye." or tran~fer of any funds in their territories (By Eric Wentworth and Alfred E. Lewis) by the illegal regime in Southern Rhodesia, Herman W. Xander, 62, a deputy chief in Rollcall No. 132, "aye." including any office or agent thereof, or by the Metropolitan Police Department serving Rollcall No. 133, "aye." other persons or bodies within Southern as al3sistant chief of the U.S. Capitol Police, Rollcall No. 134, "aye." Rhodesia, for the purposes of any office or died of bone-m!l.rrow cancer yesterday at Rollcall No. 135, "aye." agency of the illegal regime that is estab Washington Hospital Center. Rollcall No. 137, "aye." liShed within their territories other than an Mr. Xander, the D.C. department's senior Rollcall No. 138, "aye." office or agency so established exclusively for member with more than 37 years of service, pensions purposes.•• Rollcall No. 147, "aye." came from a family of law enforcement offi Rollcall No.148, "nay." The intended effect of this resolution 1f cers. His late father had been a mounted adopted (and it is being held up only be policeman on the city's force, his brother is Rollcall No. 149, "nay." cause the Russians, who are past masters at a retired city pollceman and his son is on RoJlcall No. 150, "aye." stifling dissident opinion, want to make it active duty as a Ueutenant. . Rollcall No. 151, "aye." April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12593 FISCAL YEAR 1978 DEFENSE permit us to scale down the growth in to produce weapons plutonium and not to AUTHORIZATION defense spending. meet NRC requirements is a rather simple task. A moderately industrialized nation embarking on a meaningful weapons capa HON. BILL FRENZEL bility would find it more efficient to utilize OF MINNESOTA dedicated facilities rather than make ineffi NUCLEAR WEAPONS cient use of power reactor facilities. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PROLIFERATION Today more than 20 nations have the tech Wednesday, April 27, 1977 nical and financial resources to develop nu clear weapons without assistance from other Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, had I HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE nations. A number of these nations are not been able to be pre.sent I would have OF TEXAS parties to the Non-Proliferation Treaty and voted for passage of H.R. 5970, the De thus are under no legal constraints. fense Department authorization for fis IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The fundamental proliferation problem cal year 1978, although I am not thrilled Wednesday, April 27, 1977 then is to influence nations with bomb about the 10-percent increase in pro making capability not to develop bombs. Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, on March The techniques to achieve this end are in posed funding over last year. In particu 15, Mr. George J. Stathakis prepared a centives and disincentives-trying to affect lar, I am disturbed by the extent to paper which was delivered at the Atomic the many factors that may influence a na which this bill shifts the emphasis from Industrial l<,orum Conference in New tion to develop nuclear bombs. Mutual secu spending on research and development York City on the nuclear weapons pro rity alliances are an important tool, as are toward heavier expenditures for weap liferation problem. Under leave to extend any other steps which reduce world tensions ons procurement, but, because of the my remarks in the RECORD, I wish to in and promote world peace. A cornerstone of tenor of the SALT talks, I believe we United States policy has been the effort to clude this paper: get other nations to agree formally to forego must proceed with procurement. THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROLIFERATION PROB While I have supported efforts in the nuclear weapons by becoming parties to the LEM--CAN WE LEAD WITHOUT LEADERSHIP? Non-Proliferation Treaty. past to defer a decision on production of (By George J. Stathakis) The effectiveness of efforts to influence na the B-1 bomber, it is very difficult not to In the current debate on the threat of tions not to develop nuclear bombs varies go along with the administr ation's re nuclear weapons proliferation one sometimes from nation to nation. On the positive side, quest for an additional five aircraft now gains the impression t hat proliferation prob a number of nations with obvious capabili that the SALT negotiations have fallen leiUS arose from commercial nuclear power ties have to date not chosen to develop in to disarray. I support a review of this activities. It seeiUS to have been forgotten bombs, and many of those have agreed to the program and a careful reassessment of t h at the reverse is true and that the devel Non-Proliferation Treaty. On the negative need. But in view of the enormous opment of peaceful nuclear power was ini side, for a number of nations the forces growth in Soviet military spending cou tiated to mintmlze the risk of widespread pushing toward nuclear bomb development weapons development. may outweigh the countervailing forces. pled with the breakdown in the SALT In 1953, the U.S. monopoly of nuclear The resulting situation has only limited talks, we have little choice other than to weapons was already broken by the Soviet stability. Some nations will not agree to demonstrate that this kind of buildup Union and Great Britain. In the words of forego nuclear weapons. Even a nation that will lead to a response on our part. President Eisenhower, "the knowledge now agrees may change its mind, as a result of I have consistently supported efforts possessed by several nations will eventually a change in its relationships with one of the to scale down our troop commitments be shared by others-possibly by all others." major powers, a new military threat near its overseas and in particular I have fa The vision facing the United States was borders or other factors. The Non-Prolifera vored a gradual withdrawal of our that of a world of nations, each able to ini tion Treaty itself recognizes the right of a ground forces in Korea. President Carter tiate an atomic holocaust. Our response was party to withdraw. the famous "Atoms !or Peace" program in Thus on the fundamental weapons pro has also announced that he supports a which we proposed to lead a world wide liferation problem, which has nothing to do program of phased withdrawal, making effort to develop peaceful uses of atomic with power reactors, steps can be taken tore lt less urgent that we take legislative ac power in a manner designed to actually duce the risk. But there are no steps which tion this year. It is probabJy more appro reduce the risk of weapons proliferation. are certain to be effective, and there is no priate under the circumstances to give In effect, we attempted to "yield what was way to completely eliminate the risks. the President flexibility to negotiate an impossible to keep" with statesmanship ori How do commercial reactor power facili orderly withdrawal based on conr.ulta ented to minimize the risk of atomic wars. ties impact on the proliferation problem? In 1954, the United States had a total The answer is th~t there are both positive tion with our allies in Europe and Asia electrical generation capacity of a little over than to write a withdrawal policy into and negative aspects. 100 gigawatts. It was blessed with large fos It was indicated above, that the "Atoms the bill. sil fuel resources, and it was widely believed for Peace" program used nuclear technology I was disappointed that this bill con that these resources were sufilcient for the and equipment supply as inducements to tained a provision preventing DOD from indefi nite future. Power generation costs other nations to forego nuclear weapons de contracting out to private business any were in the 4 to 7 mllls per kilowatt hour velopment. This is one of the few positive further commercial or industrial activi region. It was clear that the development of approaches available to cause a sovereign na ties prior to March 15, 1978. pending a economically competitive nuclear power to tion to willingly agree to give up one of its meet this target was a difficult task and prerogatives of sovereignty. Indeed, this may study to determine whether these activi it was envisioned that nuclear power would ties should be performed by DOD per be the most important aspect of commercial have its mator benefits in the high fuel cost nuclear power as it bears on proliferation sonnel or by private contractors. The areas of the world not well endowed with probleiUS; and although it was the corner Ofilce of Management and Budget fossil fuel resources. stone of our past policy, it seeiUS to be re guidelines for making these decisions The atoiUS for peace a~oroa.ch required ceiving little emphasis today. have been in use for many years. We that the United States rt-tain its leadership The negative aspect of a foreign power should encourage contracting with out in nuclear power in order to trade techno reactor program is that it involves knowl side firms whenever appropriate as a logical help with other nations for nuclear edge and technology which can be useful in means of saving money and holding weapons forebearance. It was to this end that a weapons program. The operation of power down the size of Government. the government supported commercial nu reactors provides nuclear engineering experi clear power program in the United States ence and a possible source of fissible mate The price tag on this bill is higher was initiated in 1954. than I would like it to be, yet it may pale rials. However, it probably does not have any Today we again find ourselve~> in debates substantial impact on a nation's decision to in comparison to future requests, unless about nuclear weapons proliferation but eml:>ark on a bomb program That decision we can somehow manage to steer the these seem to inexorably tie commercial nu will turn principally on political and secu SALT talks back on course. Presumably clear power in with the proliferation problem. rity considerations. both sides share a vital interest in head However, as was plain in 1954 when there Once a nation concludes that it is neces ing off another runaway arms race. Such was no electrical nuclear power generation, sary to develop nuclear weapons it has a development would constitute a serious proliferation is a problem in itself. several avenues open. An industrialized na threat to the peace and security of the At pre~ent, six nations are known to pos tion would have little incentive to divert entire world. Certainly it would delay se"\5 atomic weapon~. Jn no case w.as the nu power reactor plutonium. A few crude nu clear material for the bombs obtained from clear weaoc>n~ . would be a ooor military sub indefinitely any reaJist;.c possibility of commercial nuclear power facillties. Al stitute !or the relationships with major balancing the federal budget. though we have had difficulty in this country powers that would be endangered by such I hope that by thic; t-ime next year, developing commercial reprocec;~ing plants, action. And as noted, such nations would progress at the negotiating table will the tact is that a reprocessing plant designed have the more attractive option of develop- 12594 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 ing a more effective nuclear weapons surely follow the example of France using one of trying to restrict advances in nuclear capability through dedicated facilities. dedicated facilities and a full scale weapons development abroad by eliminating them in Thus, one concludes that commercial nu development and testing program necessary the United States. This may not be a ques clear power impacts negatively on the pro to obtain the sophisticated weapons and de tion of "yielding what is impossible to keep"; liferatio:l. issue primarily through the pos livery systems required by a major power. For it would seem that instead "we are trying to sibility that power reactor plutonium could this reason reprocessing and plutonium use keep what we do not have." be diverted to nuclear weapons use by those shou.d be permitted there as well. Consider the breeder. Andre Giraud, head nations without the capability to develop In effect this approach would keep the door of the French CEA, has expressed not only the more efficient independent dedicated open for other nations, as their industry and the need of his own country to develop the facilities. The specter that most of us fear nuclear programs develop, to have indigenous breeder, but in his view, the moral require is a few nuclear weapons, even crude ones, in reprocessing. This expectation wm be espe ment that the breeder be developed for the the hands of such nations. cially important for nations looking toward welfare of the world. In this country work The problem we face is that many of these the breeder reactor as a major energy source in the breeder demonstration plant was ini nations view nuclear power as necessary to in the next century. tiated in 1966. The Clinch River Project was their future welfare, and, 1n my view, cor I do )lOt mean here to address the detai:s of formally organized in 1972, but it is not ex rectly so. Most are critically dependent on such an arrangement as proposed above. Nor pected that Clinch River w111 operate until oil imports. Even aside fr·om the high cost do I mean to indicate that reprocessing will 1984, 1f at all. In France, PheniX started in of the imported oil and the political de remain the major concern in the future. Ad 1968, and was operating in 1973, and work on pendence it engenders, these nations are vances in centrifuge and laser enrichment, the 1000 MW Super Phenix has been ini aware of the future world depletion of oil the use of the U-233 thorium cycle, the de tiated. resources. Most of these nations do not have velopment of the breeder and indeed the tan In Japan, work on their JOYO test reactor the large coal supplies of the United States dem fuel cycle if it is developed, will all bring started well after FFTF and their reactor is and see no alternative to the increasing use new pro.iferation problems. expected to be operating well before FFTF. of nuclear power. The point is that proliferation problems In view of our performance at home, the U.S. Unless we are willing and able to assure can be and can on.y be effectively addressed is in a poor position to influence the course these nations of a reliable and economic on the basis of international arrangements of fast breeder development abroad, and it alternate future energy supply, it does not which will involve delicate negotiations is difficult to see how our future influence seem moral, or even possible, to deter them among nations with different needs and phil can be enhanced by abandonment or con for long from deployment of nuclear power osophical viewpoints. Although we may agree tinued delay in our own breeder program. facilities. Further, in view of the interna that future arrangements must be carefully Let me sum up. tional capability for supplying nuclear power con trolled, Congressional proposals to impose The proliferation problem did not arise plants, any action by the United States to rigid requirements may be counter-produc from commercial nuclear power but there are limit nuclear power internationally or influ tive. These w1lllimit the Executive Branch in legitimate concerns that commercial nuclear ence its manner of deployment, can only be being able to respond to particular situations power may exacerbate the problem. successful in cooperation with the other sup which cannot be covered, or even foreseen, at In my view, the solution.must be to develop plier nations. the present time. international arrangements which will allow But, here too we run into a problem. The I would suggest that in view of the present for the benefits of nuclear power in those international market for nuclear power disarray in our domestic reprocessing pro nations which believe they need it, while at facilities is highly competitive and has large gram which is the current proliferation con the same time minimize the risk of prolifera impacts on balance of trade. Other supplier cern, there is time to carefully examine the tion as a result of commercial power facility nations view themselves in leadership posi situation before developing detailed export deployment. tions in such areas as reprocessing and fast legislation. But, more important, I want to Because there are many supplier nations breeder development, and as equals in light suggest that if the United States is to play a these arrangements can oniy be developed in water reactors. These nations view their fu leadership role in developing international cooperation among the supplier and user ture energy needs from a different perspec arrangements limiting pro!iferation, it must nations. t ive than we and have different philosophi be a leader. Of what use will laws governing If the United States wishes to retain its cal viewpoints with respect to proliferation U.S. exports be if thE'! most reliable and ad abillty to exercise a leadership position in and the balance between the risks of pro vanced technology and the most meaningful developing thec:e arrangements, it must re liferation and the need for energy. Attempts experience is abroad. tain its leadership in nuclear power. If we still share the leadership in nuclear by the United States to influence policies Action~ taken in the name of proliferation, with respect to development, deployment, or technology and nuclear power, that leader ship is today in serious jeopardy. Our share which in effect reduce 011r nuclear nower ca sales of nuclear fac111ties are viewed with pability and technological leadership, can skeuticism by the other supplier nations. of the export market has slipped dramatically over the past few years. Uncertainty about only wealren o1•r future position in influenc The immediate problem facing us with re ing arrangementc; we desire. spect to proliferation and nuclear power in our foreign and domestic policies have caused even our long-standing customers to ques I started out by asking whether we can volves reprocessing and the availability of lead without leaderc:hip. T believe the answer plutonium from reprocessing plants. The tion our relhbility as a supplier. It takes ten years in the United States to is obvious. The mnre meg,ningful quec:tion is, problem in my view can be addressed build a nuclear plant compared to 6 to 8 why try? Our f0re1gn policy, and more im through arrangements which involve little years overseas, so that foreign suppliers can portant, our domestic well being, will depend sacrifice by those countries interested in ob have three generations of plant designs and upon success in the s,.arch for Folutions to taining the benefits of peaceful nuclear experience in the time that we have two. The the world energy nroblP.m. Shonld we not power. consequences in terms of technological de continue to lead with leadership? One solution supported by the Atomic In velopment are obvious. Furthermore, the un uustrial Forum is that reprocessing centers certain regulatory requirements, the equiv be restricted to loca.tions in those industrial ocal government positions on nuclear power, nations already having weapons capab111ty the ability of extreme environmental ad REALISTIC FLOOD PLAIN RELIEF and that the energy of the reprocessed plu vocates to delay or cause cancellation of nu tonium be returned to the user nation in the clear projects, and the consequent financial form of low enriched uranium. Thus, the plu risks entailed by a utility contemplating a HON. HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK tonium would remain where it would not add nuclear project have all but caused a de to problems of proliferation. facto stop in the U.S. nuclear power pro OF NEW JERSEY Since an economically sized reprocessing gram. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES center cou'd service 50 large nuclear reactors, In seven elections tbis year, and in a num Wednesday, April 27, 1977 such an arrangement would have economic ber of public opinion polls, the people of the benefits to the less industrialized nations and United States have indicated that they un Mr. HOLLENBECK. Mr. Speaker, I the major concern would be surety of supply. derstand our energy problem and ex!'lect nu But, such reprocessing centers could be lo have introduced legislation today which clear power to play a major role in alleviating amends the National Flood Insurance cated in several countries in both the East it. Neverthele8s, we are in danger of abandon and the West, ~o as to provide a high degree ing nuclear power and one of the elements Act of 1968 for the purposes of increasing of assurance of reprocessing services. in setting this de facto policy has been our flood insurance coverage under such act Let me suggest one variation to this sce actions, or lack of them, resulting from our and specifying the kind of substantial im nario-! spoke of reprocessing only in weap concerns over proliferation. provements to structures which are af ons states, which does not include some na tions with very advanced nuclear power pro It has been reported, for example, that the fected by the act. grams. But certainly, there is no substantial State Department and ACDA have, in the I believe that this legislation is a much risk of power reactor plutonium diversion by name of proliferation, taken positions needed first step to maximize the bene a.,.ainst proceedin~ with reprocessing and the fits of the floodplain management pro nations such as Japan and West Germany breeder reactor. In 1954, the United States whose security interests and treaties with embarked on a policy of influencing the di gram and help protect those homeown the United States would be jeopardized by rection of nuclear development and deploy ers who innocently have invested in flood such a course. If such countries found the ment through positive leadership. Tl>e policy hazard areas. need to become weapon states they would which is apparently being advocatt::d today is The Flood Disaster Protection Act April Z7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12595 seeks to provide residents of :flood-prone the National Association of Chinese scent urging a. particular Far Eastern policy areas with insurance at reasonable rates Americans, the organization responsible for the U.S., we might disagree with the policy they urged, but could not criticize the through Federal subsidy and to require for the ad. nature of their activity. The fact is, however, local jurisdictions to make rational use I have examined the registration state that two of the leaders of this group are of :floodplains as a condition of eligibil ment filed with the Department of Jus registered with the U.S. Department of Jus ity for :flood insurance. But I am also tice, foreign agents registration section tice as agents of entities of the Peoples Re concerned about the possible property for the Sino-American Export-Imports, public of China. In other words, two of the devaluation homeowners in the area face Inc. This firm which among other things prime movers of the pro-Peking effort are, as an effect of the act. My bill will pro imports propaganda films from Red in fact, registered agents of CommuniSt China. tect homeowners in a :floodplain whose China shows Van S. Lung as its presi The two men who are registered as foreign lifetime investments have been jeopard dent-director and C. Y. Shaw as its vice agents with the Department of Justice are ized by current Federal land use restric president, treasurer-director. C. Y. Shaw, President of the D.C. Catering tions. My bill permits rebuilding of seri The address of the headquarters of Company, and VanS. Lung, President of the ously damaged structures as long as the the National Association of Chinese Sino-American Export and Import Company, damage caused by a single catastrophe Americans in the ad is 3524 Connecticut and also Executive director of the National does not exceed 80 percent, while the cur Ave., NW., Washington, D.C. This ad Association of Chinese-Americans. This rent law forbids the rehabilitation of dress is that of the Yenching Palace, a writer has obtained from the Department o! Justice the registration forms filled out by structures which are more than 50 per Chinese restaurant owned by Lung. these men. That they are registered as agents cent damaged. It is also interesting to note that of Peking is beyond any question. I believe that 80 percent is a more real among the non-Chinese signers of the Others on the list, while not registered istic limit on rebuilding. This change ad is JohnS. Service, who years ago was agents, are very close to the Chinese Com will help restore property in the :flood removed from the State Department for munist government. Chen Y. Yang, for exam plains to its proper value and, at the handing classified documents over to a ple, has had audiences with Mao Tse-tung, pro-Red Chinese magazine Amerasia. Chou En-lai, and the present Chinese Com same time, maintain the safety and pro munist Party Chairman Hua. Kuo-feng. tection of homeowners. Mr. Brownfeld's valuable column and Where did the money come from for these Furthermore, this bill raises the ceil a list of the signers of the ad follows: expensive advertisments? No one can be sure. ing on :flood insurance coverage to levels Is COMMUNIST CHINA BEHIND THE The China News, an English language daily more congruent with property values. PRO-PEKING U.S. LOBBY? in Taiwan, charged on March 5 that, "The (By Allan C. Brownfeld) money for this expensive campaign does not The 1973 law provides for maximum $35,- come from the pockets of a handful of col A massive campaign is now under way to 000 coverage for single-family dwellings lege teachers. Behind these newspaper ads and $100,000 for commercial buildings. I obtain formal U.S. recognition fo: Commu are the unlimited propaganda funds of the nist China and the abandonmen~ of the Peiping regime, which is pouring muuons believe these limits are unrealistically Republic of China on Taiwan. low. Thus, I have introduced legislation into m!l.terials addressed to the U.S. Govern This campaign bas taken the form of con ment and people." to provide $120,000 coverage for single ferences, full page newspaper advertisements, family dwellings and $400,000 for com letter-writing campaigns, and loobying on There is every possibility that these ad mercial buildings under the regular pro Capitol Hill. vertisements are in violation of U.S. law A key element in this effort is a group which requires that an material distributed gram. by agents of foreign governments be identi which calls itself "The Nation!l.l Asso~iatlon While the intent of the National Flood of Chinese-Americans." This organization fied as such. The U.S. Department of Justice Insurance Act is commendable, to the should investigate any possible legal viola placed full-page advertisements in a num tions at the earliest opportunity. extent that this act has caused property ber of leading American newspapers, includ values to decline, there exists a need for ing The Washington Post and The Los The Communist regime which these Chi alterations. This bill offers increased in Angeles Times. The Post advertisement was nese-Americans support is one of the most surance coverage and a more responsible carried on February 27 with the he!l.dline, brutal in the history of the world. Professor definition of what constitutes substantial 'Better To Mend Late Than Never-complete Richard Walker notes that, "The Communist The Task In US-China Relations." Addressed movement in China, despite its self-pro improvement as necessary alterations, claimed high ideals, must be judged on per and I seek the support of my fellow col to President Carter, the advertisement con cluded with this message: "Mr. President, a formance, and, as regards, the human equa leagues in the passage of this vital legis wrong policy toward China has obstructed tion, there is little to commend it. Those who lation. traditional links between Americans and wish to rationalize public assassinations, purges of classes and groups or slave labor Chinese for too long, and helped involve as a necessary expedient for China's progress the U.S. in two tragic wars in Asia. We urge are resorting to the same logic which justi RED CHINESE PROPAGANDA you to follow the course set by President fied a Hitler and his methods for dealing wtth Franklin D. Roosevelt 44 years ago, who economic depression in the Third Reich." recognized the reality of the USSR and took Much that is fanciful and clearly untrue the necessary step of establishing diplomatic has been written about life in Communist HON. LARRY McDONALD relations with it. The U.S. and China should China by so-called "Asian scholars" who have . OF GEORGIA have full diplomatic relations now.... " visited it. They were recently challenged by · This advertisement W~" signed by a num IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Professor Edward Luttwak of the Johns Hop- · ber of individuals identified only as mem kins University, who returned from a visit to · Wednesday, April 27, 1977 bers of the National Association of Chine~e Peking and asked: " ... how could they have Americans, as well as being identified by their missed the central phenomenon of Chinese Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Sneaker, on own professional associations. Among these life: its unique, almost pure totalitarian February 27, 1977, the Washington Post on the list were: Chin Pien Li, M.D., of the ism?" ran a full page ad in support of Red National Institutes of Health; Dr. Yang The fact is that the pro-Peking lobby in China's propaganda campaign to force ming Chu, Associate Professor at the George the U.S. seems to have been purchased and the United States to abandoned its ally, Washington University Medical Center; paid for in Communist China. To misrepre C. Y. Shaw, President of the D.C. Catering sent itself as a movement of "Chinese-Amer Free China. Company; and Van S. Lung, President of the Allan C. Brownfeld in his newspaper icans" is clearly false-and probably illegal Sino-American Export and Import Company. as well. column distributed this week has pro Mr. Lung, listed also as Executive Director of vided valuable information about the the National" Association of Chinese-Amer WASHINGTON, D.C. COMMITTEE origins of the Washington Post ad. icans, was identified as the major force Chin Pien Li, M.D., Former Chief Virus Brownfeld revealed that: behind the advertisement. Biology Section, National Institutes of Health, President, National Association ot Two of the prime movers of the pro-Peking Leaders of the National Association of Chinese-Americans. effort are, in fact, registered agents of Com Chinese-Americans also came to Washington munist China.. from a.s far away as California to lobby for Dr. Yang-ming Chu, Associate Research clcser U.S.-Peking relations. Albert H. Yee, a Professor. George Washington University He identified them as c. Y. Shaw, southern California physician, says: ··our Medical Center, Secretary, National Associa president of the D.C. Catering Co., Inc., heritage is that there is only one China.. Why tion of C~inese-Americ:1ns. is the U.S. insulting China and Chinese Dr. Chen N. Yang, Professor, Department of Washington, D.C., and Van S. Lung, Americans with five years of no progress on of Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook, New York. president of the Sino-American Export normalization?" Dr. Ping-ti Ho, Professor, Department of and Import Co., Inc., of Washington, If this pro-Peking lobby were simply a History. University of Chicago. D.C., who is also executive director of group of American citizens of Chinese de- Mr. Lien Y. Ho, Finance omcer, Food and 12596 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1977 Agriculture Organization of the U.N., (Ret.), Mak; David Nolan; Dorothy Remy; Sha society that need to be vigorously pursued TreJ.Surer, National Association of Chinese Shung-tse; I-yao Shen; Robert Stammel; and prosecuted. It has shown me that lack Americans. Joseph Weichbrod; Alice Wolfson; Dick G. of such vigor on the part of pollee and prose Dr. C. K. Jen, Professor of Physics, Johns Wong; Philip Wu; Y. M. Yoo; Yun-sheng Yu. cutors can create a vacuum in society into Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. which an undesirable element will flow to Mr. Tang Pe Tsiuen, As'=istant Treasurer, the detriment of the rest of the populace. National Association of Chinese-Amer·cans. Prosecutors at the federal, state and local Dr. Chieh Chien Chang, Professor, Mech3n levels need to be vigorous; they need our ical Engineering, Catholic University of FORMER GRAND JUROR NOTES support and they need an the legitimate America, Washington, D C. ABUSES OF GRAND JURY SYSTEM tools we can provide them to be successful Mrs. Helen Fu Hays, Director, Chinese Ex in the pursuit of lawbreakers. tension Center, University of the District of Having said this, my impression of the Columbia. HON. JOSHUA EILBERG grand jury system i~t that it is a weak link in the fine system of justice we have in the Dr. Beverly Hong Fincher, Professor, Na OF PENNSYLVANIA tional University of Australia. United States. Perhaps the reason is the se Mr. C. Y. Shaw, President, D.C. Catering IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crecy of the system which keeps its workings Co., Inc., Washington, D.C. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 out of the public eye. Perhaps it is due to the Mr. Van S. Lung, President, Sino-American feeling of the ordinary citizen who makes up Export and Import Co., Inc., Washington, Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, today my the grand jury that he cannot or should not D.C., Executive Director, National Association Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizen question the government. of Chinese-Americans. ship, and International Law continued THE ACTUAL JURY ROOM EXPERIENCE NORTHERN CALIFORNIA COMMITTEE its hearings on grand jury reform. We There was never any question who was in Dr. Rolland Lowe, President; Mr. Grace heard the testimony of prosecutors and charge of our grand jury. The U.S. Attorney Chen; Mr. Maurice Chuch; Mr. Thom3.S former prosecutors and a district court (I assume with concurrence o! the Court) Hsieh; Mr. Jackson Hu; Mr. Joe Yugy; Mr .. judge, representing the Judicial Confer selected our foreman-a pleasant, older gen Gordon Lau; Dr. Shirley Sun; Mr. Alex ence of the United States. In addit.ion, tleman who was about to retire from his job Tseng; Mr. Ling-Chi Wang; Mr. Gilbert Woo; we received the testimony of former in the Pcstal service. The vice-foreman was Dr. William D. Y. Wu. selected in the same manner. We received grand jurors. brief instruction from the judge, but it was SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COMMITTEE I would like to call to the attention of the prosecutor who told us in detail what Dr. Albert H. Yee, President; Mr. David F. the Members the testimony of William was expected. Lee; Dr. David Chu; Mr. Rolland Hsu; Mr. P. Gloege, who was a Federal grand The United States Attorney was an im Robert Chan; Mr. George Ching; Mrs. Lidia pressive figure to us-urbane, friendly, in Li. juror in 1975 in California. Mr. Gloege forcefully demonstrated that the Federal telligent, highly skilled in the law and re NEW YORK COMMITTEE grand jury system has become merely an spectful toward we grand jurors. He never Dr. Tommy Lee, President; Dr. S. S. Cher; became ruftled, not even after long days of Dr. T. C. Wu; Dr. Man-Chiang Niu; Dr. Siang extension of prosecutorial power, with testimony or in the face of a grand juror or Men H. Chang; Mr Ye Nan; Mrs. H. Y. Yum; little input and decisionmaking by the two who persisted in disagreement. Mr. Lloyd Fong; Mr. Hen Sing; Mr. M. H. grand jurors themselves. The U.S. Attorney explained to us that Liu; Mr. Harding Chow. His description of his actual grand there had been accusations that grand juries served as a "rubber stamp'' for the prosecu & jury experience, as presented to the sub CONTRIBUTORS SUPPORTERS (PARTIAL LIST) tor. He didn't want us to be a "rubber Ross Terrill, Harvard University committee, clearly demonstrates the need stamp," he said. But we got down to business Hovey Kemp, Denver, Colorado for the reforms I have proposed in H.R. and were soon turning out indictments-in Edward Friedman, University of Wisconsin, 94. batches. We would hear five or ten cases be Madison The testimony follows: fore deliberating and voting the indictments. Vi:::tor Nee, Cornell University TESTIMONY OF WILLIAM P. GLOEGE, VICE The principal impression I recel ved was Margaret Flory, National Staff, United PRESIDENT, ASSOCIATION FOR EFFECTIVE that the process is very one-sided. It is de Presbyterian Church GRAND JURIES, BEFORE THE HOUSE SUBCOM signed that way, and it will take major and John S. Service, University of California, MITTEE ON IMMIGRATION, CITIZENSHIP AND innovative changes to achieve a more bal Berkeley INTERNATIONAL LAW anced and !air process. Philip Huang, University of California, Los On one side is the prosecutor and his team An<;reles Mr. Chairman and Members of the Sub committee: My name is William P. Gloege. of able assistants. They were, most of them, Peter s. Tang, Boston College very sincere individuals, and it was hard or Henry Rosemont, Brooklyn College, While I am Vice President of a group o! former grand jurors from Santa Clara Coun impossible to imagine them doing anything C.U.N.Y. less than honorable in their pursuit o! crim Paul Cohen, Wellesley College ty, California, known as the Association for Effective Grand Juries, I appear today on my inals. Aiding the U.S. Attorney and his as Thoma<~ B. Gold, Harvard University sistants, other impressive groups and indi John Shrecker, Brandeis University own behalf. The views expressed are my own, and are based on my experience as a federal viduals are brought into play: FBI agents Ralph Thaxton, Brandeis University sober, matter-of-fact, no-nonsense, speaking Mary Ellen Stewart, Boston University grand juror during the first hal! o! 1975 in San Francisco. with authority, but sometimes making dep Charlotte Teuber-Wechersdoorff, Emman- recating remarks about the accused; Treas uel College During our term there were two grand uary agents-well trained, technicians; Im Natalie Lichtenstein, Harvard Law School juries impaneled to explore special areas migration agents-harried, undermanned Nancy Hearst, Harvard University (police corruption and income tax matters). and undermined by the E:vecutlve, Congress David Deal, Whitman College Ours was the general grand jury, hearing and others. Agents from other departments Len Leverson, Harvard University a variety of routine matters such as bank or agencies fell into similar categories. Henry Littleboy, Boston City Hospital robberies, mail thefts and crimes committed The point is, on the prosecutor's side were Dennis Wendell, Iowa State University on federal property. A major part of our good-intentioned federal attorneys and Loong Chun-Kueng, Iowa State University work toward the end of our term involved agents whose only concern seemed to be to David Rosen, Iowa State University an extensive investigation of airlines sell do their job simply and fairly. We could Susan Fenyves, Iowa State University ing tickets at prices under those set by the identify with them. Like us, they were mid Elizabeth Vincent, Cambridge, Mass. C.A.B. dle class, with possibly a little more edu Mark selden, Washington University, St. Let me first give you my overall impression cation than the average grand juror. They Louis of the federal grand jury system from a treated us in a friendly manner as if we John Fincher, National University of Aus vantage point inside the jury room. In my were both there for the same purpose-on tralia statement I discuss problems I saw during the same side of the fence, as it were. Cornelius J. Loeser, Northern Illinois Uni- my term as a grand juror, then I indicate And vaguely 1urking in the background versity how H.R. 94 contributes to resolution o! was the whole power of the federal govern Great Sino Trading Inc. these problems. Additional areas needing re ment-Army, Navy, Air Force--everything. Sino-American Export & Import Co., Inc. form, from my point of view, are also dis The U.S. Attorney was with the Establish U.S.-China People's Friendship Association, cussed. Boston Chapter ment-the established order and all the James Barn; E. F. Beall; Mary Chandler; OVERALL IMPRESSION OF THE FEDERAL GRAND power and prestige it had at its command. M. C. Chang; George Chen; Anthony c. Y. JURY SYSTEM On the other side was the accused. Usually Cheng; Tsung-0 Cheng; Frances Dickson; It may be useful to provide some brief one person, but sometimes three, four or Uy Slok Duan. details on my personal orientation. I am more. The U.S. Attorney and the agents that Becky Hamilton; Chun Ku Huang; Hunter employed by a large metropolitan police testified told us what the person had done, Huang; Leah Jaffe; Ted S. Koe; Lois Leibel; agency as an administrator in the office of and it was obvious that our job was to vote Jackie Lenchek; Ronald Liang; John S. K. the Chief o! Police. This experience has an indictment. On occasion we were read a Llu; Robert c. Liu, Miriam Levin; Ting He shown me that there are individuals in our "rap sheet" of the person's former criminal April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12597 history. (This history usually consisted of bill" be was concerned and critical. He said hearing would be a waste of time based on charges against the person, with no indica something to the effect that we couldn't do the person's previous record, etc. tion of whether he or she had subsequently it and certain forms had to be filled out The bill indicates the government will be been found guilty.) which we didn't have. It was an awkward required to advise the grand jury of ex Only on a few occasions out of hundreds moment for all of us, and everyone was glad culpatory evidence. As a grand juror, I re of cases did we jurors see the accused. Of to move on with business. I wondered how quested exculpatory evidence on several oc these, there were a few who turned out to the attorney would explain this rare event casions. The response was a somewhat short fit what we expected; but more onen the to his boss--the U.S. Attorney. tempered reply that a) the government person surprised us by making a better im One closing note on the problems with the wouldn't bring us cases involving an in pression than expected-based on what we'd system encountered during service as a grand nocent party, and b) the government, out heard. juror. At one point the U.S. Attorney as of a sense of fair pla.y, would surely inform Given the forces on the side of issuing an sured grand jurors that those we indicted us of any evidence which tended to excuse indictment--their impressive numbers and had another chance-they would get a jury the individual being investigated from the demeanor, our identification with the estab trial, and if they were not guilty would not act in question. lishment, the fact we seldom knew the ac go to prison. The attorney was asked about However, I cannot recall a single case of cused in person and the unsavory light the percentage of cases he got "true bills"-he exculpatory evidence being introduced, but accused was sometimes cast in-all this made replied, "99.9% ." "What percent of these it is hard to imagine that in the hundreds the outcome of our cases and the path every resulted in convictions?" He did not know. of cases we heard there was no such evidence. grand jury follows all but inevitable. Later we learned that a sizeable number (we wm putting this requirement in the bill in CHALLENGING THE U.S. ATTORNEY'S CASE could not get an exact fic;ure) of cases we sure that the prosecutor will turn over such evidence? It seems the key will be having a Questioning the case of the prosecutor was indicted never went to trial! This came as strong and independent grand jury that will a difficult and thankless job for the few a shock after thinking everyone would get a second chance. Undoubtedly indictments start to ask questions if exculpatory evidence grand jurors who at first tried. One assistant never appears. to the U.S. Attorney bristled at any sugges on numerous counts provided a powerful REPORTS tion his case was not airtight. He became so plea bargaining tool for the prosecutor to verbally abusive in response to grand jurors' obtain guilty pleas and thus maintain a The reporting requirements required in questions, which he seemed to consider "in good record for the U.S. Attorney. the bill are excellent. It may be useful in solent," that he began to alienate otherwise REACTION TO H .R. 94 (b) (2), for example, to require not only the submissive and very pro-prosecution jurors. number of requests by United States grand H.R. 94 is a good bill that deserves the juries to the Attorney General for approval Grand jurors seemed to fall into three support of Congress. As a former grand categories in terms of their attitude toward to compel testimony, and the number ap juror, the reforms it proposes seem moderate proved, but also the percentage of all in their role. About one quarter were what and overdue. Below are specific comments might be termed prosecution "hawks"-they vestigations which result in such a request. or provisions of the bill. This number would be the number of in were for indictment on every case. Their atti GRAND JURY SIZE tude was that the government would not vestigations the district reports under (b) (1) bring a case before the group that wasn't The proposal to reduce the size of the of this same section. The same percentage worthy of an indictment. By definition in grand jury may not be beneficial. In the of all cases can be reported along with the dictments should be issued on all cases. This larger group more points of view can be ex number for (b) (3), (b) (4), (b) (5) and group had the upper hand from the start pressed, which would be important if grand (b) (6). In this way the Congress can de since they had on their Ride the U.S. Attor juries do become vocal and independent. Ex termine how one district compares to an ney who was in charge of the proceedings, penditures for grand juries must represent other, or to the average in, say, the percent plus the other array of federal forces men a small fraction of costs of the federal jus age of all investigations that result in wit tioned above. tice system, so a cost savings argument is nesses being held in contempt and confined Another quarter of the grouo re9resented not really valid. (b) ( 5) , or the percentage of "no bills" re sulting from testimony obtained under im the opposite end of the spectrum. This IMMUNITY OF 'WITNESSES group, which was much less vocal (except munity. Of course, the Congress could com The b111 states that any individual re pute these percentages, but it may be in among themselves when th~y were away from quired to give testimony may not be indic structive and motivating to the U.S. At the grand jury room), wanted to face every ted by the grand jury before which the in torneys to see these percentages in their re ca..o;e with an open mind-which was some dividual has testified. However, could the ports going to the Congress. times hard, given the way cac:;es were pre individual be indicted before a concurrent sented. Treir posture was that of being grand jury in that district, or a subsequent ADDITIONAL POTENTIAL REFORMS mildly ske9tical of the prosecutor's case. But grand jury that would hear the compelled While H.R. 94 is a commendable bill, more the questions of this groury-at first almost testimony? could be done to correct the pervasive prob pointed, but later aoolo~etic-often seemed, Under Section 2-Recalcitrance, and Sec lem with the federal grand jury system in the context of the way the proceedings tion 3-Immunity, stronger and specific pro lack of grand jury independence. were run, to be out of order and impertinent. visions might be built in to protect the news It seems to me that independence is the The foreman was fair, but he tended to be media. Our grand jury had numerous cases key ingredient needed to make the system lec.-s patient with this tn>e of questioning. whereby the prosecutor attempted to force work. U the grand jury has the legal pro The "hawks" often openly attacked these information out of reporters, station man tections and machinery to act in an inde questioners, or more subtly let them know agers and other news media personnel re pendent manner, and jurors are capable they were "off base." The U.S. Attorney and lated to a crime, wherein persons claiming and willing to act independently, other de testifying agents did nothing to discourage to have committed the act transmitted in sired reforms will follow: A truly independ this attitude toward the questioners. Soon formation to the news media. ent grand jury will see to it that it gets this group tired of its role owing to lack of Such pressure tactics on the news media needed outside counsel and expertise needed support from other grand jurors (even those could inhibit the public's ability to learn to carry out investigations, it will vigorously who felt the same), the sometimes outright the truth. Sources w11l be less willing to question misuse of immunity, it will insure hostility cf prcsecutors. the regular hostility inform the media if media personnel can be that witnesses are protected and treated in of the "hawks," and the obvious futility of successfully compelled to reveal sources. a civil manner, and it will place demands on going against the U.S. Attorney's intention This method of getting evidence seems federal prosecutors and their agents to bring to obtain an indictment. heavy-handed in view of the vast machinery in well prepared cases. The remaining half of the grand jurors at the disposal of the federal government GRAND JUROR SELECTION did not seem involved on one side or the to catch wrong-doers. To replace good inves The place to start in achieving an inde other. Some eXt>ressed a ·waning interest in tigative tactics with getting an a.rmlock on pendent grand jury is with selection of in being a grand juror and seldom asked ques the media seems unfair and something the dividuals who comprise the jury. In the tions or participated in deliberations. Ab public should not tolerate. Northern District of California jurors are sences were usually from this middle group. Section 6 deals with independence of the selected at random from voter registration · About half way tt>rough the term of the grand jury and presents good provisions for rolls. There is little opportunity for individ grand jury an interesting event took place. achieving independence. However, unless uals who should or want to drop out to do The grand jury returned Its one and oiiiy grand jurors have a will to be independent so. The result is a group containing some un willing members and many who have a "no bill." The case involved an older postal and other means, such as those suggested in neutral attitude toward service. This condi worker, and there were numerous questions other parts of this statement are activated, these important improvisions of H.R. 94 can tion does not foster a strong cohesive group about whether a criminal act had actually willing to fight the U.S. Attorney or the been committed. In deliberations it suddenly easlly be turned aside by the prosecutor. For example, whlle an individual who is to be courts for their independence 1f necessary, became clear that we were about to return but instead fosters an attitude that the jury a "no bill" and a feeling of awe, daring and indicted can request to appear before the should get through its weekly business and electricity swept the group. It was uncom grand jury, the prosecutor -can make this its term as quickly as possible. fortable to go up a~rainst the government testimony unlikely in the way he presents A means of improving this situation might like this. When the Assistant U.S. Attorney the request. He can remind the jury of its be to adopt a means of selection used by returned to the room and learned of the "no large volume of business, infer that such a some counties in California. Allow inter- 12598 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·1, 1977 ested individuals to "apply" for service as a largest morning newspaper. Mr. Wallace I support the President's program and grand juror. To insure a wide segment of is a dairy farmer, and his viewpoint is I conveyed my views to my constituents society had the opportunity to participate, in a column for the newspapers in my a large group of individuals could first be worth considering, and I particularly call randomly selected from voter registration it to the attention of my urban col district which I wanted to share with rolls. These individuals could receive in leagues, who may not be aware of the you: formation on grand jury service-its respon problems facing small farmers such as President Carter's energy program asks sibilities, its educational opportunities, its Mr. Wallace. America to do something very difficult- valuable role in the system of justice and Those of us who serve on the House to make sacrifices now because of threats the need for a strong, independent grand Agriculture Committee are privileged to which lie in the future. jury to be formed. The group would be in work with our former colleague, the Hon This past winter gave us a taste of the vited to apply. A panel of jurists or , perhaps, sort of crisis this nation could face in the a completely independent body made up orable Bob Bergland, who is now Secre years ahead. Our schools were closed. Our of both lay persons and experts could be tary of Agriculture. Although I do not factories were shut. Our homes were cold. convened to select jurors from the applica always agree with every facet of the farm Our jobs and our creature comforts were tions. In making their selection, the panel policy espoused by the Secretary and the threatened. can apply criteria related to interest, inde administration, it is very refreshing to This crisis resulted from unusually severe pendence, availability, balanced points of have someone in a policvmaking position winter weather, the worst in decades. How view, etc. The selection might take place at the Cabinet level who has firsthand ever, the cold wave did ebb and so did the once each year, thereby doing away with the gas shortage. By March, things were almost present costly system of selecting from voter knowledge of the subject and some back to "normal" and the crisis almost for lists several times a year. awareness of the impact policy decisions gotten. The method outlined above would seem have on those at the grassroots level. But I hope last winter's emergency has preferable to the present system and would Mr. ·wallace's letter states the case not been forgotten entirely because Presi undoubtedly produce a more independent very well, both for the farmer in this dent Carter is warning us that unless we jury than the present system. country, and for giving Secretary Berg act now, more such crises lie ahead. GRAND JURY TRAINING land a chance to help both farmers and Therefore, I think it would be irresponsi Our grand jury received a handbook on consumers. The letter is as follows: ble of me to do anything other than sup being a grand juror (it was very brief and port the President's energy program. It GIVE BERGLAND AND AGRICULTURE A BREAK seems to me to be a sound policy, with real general) , a set of instructions from a judge To the Commercial Appeal: that lasted several minutes and then we were istic goals and reasonable methods for I am writing in response to your editorial achieving them. in the hands of the U.S. Attorney. entitled "Milking Consumers." I am a dairy What is needed is some form of outside The major energy problem we face is that farmer in Winston County, Miss. our principal source of energy is petroleum training for federal grand jurors that is more Like Bob Bergland and you, I do not fully thorough, considering the hundredH of cases understand the working of the milk price oil and natural gas-and our supply of pe the jury must hear and decide upon. Again, support program. I have heard several dairy troleum is becoming increasingly unreliable. this training should be carried out by an out economic professors say that they didn't The danger we face is not so much that we side, independent source, not the U.S. Attor will literally run out of oil but that we wm ney. The intent would not be to alienate either, so I don't feel too badly about this. I not be able to increase our supplies as fast the jury from the Government, but to clearly do have a clear understanding of several as we increase our demand. We may not be establish in jurors' minds their independent facts. able to afford to buy enough foreign oil (or role and how to pursue it as the Constitution Today's farmer is a busine~sman. The min want to). We may not want to accept the intended. imum investment for a family type dairy farm in my area is $250,000. With that type financial or environmental costs of increased The jury should select its own foreman and investment, a farmer will not be a farmer domestic energy production. vice-foreman after a suitable period when long if he cannot earn a return on his invest So it seems only logical that the starting jurors get to know each other. The training point for a comprehensive national energy could incorporate this selection process. ment. The 40-hour week has a certain appeal to us, too. program would be to conserve and to slow the INDEPENDENT ATTORNEY AND STAFF You are correct in saying that the 83 per rate at which our demand for energy is in Section 3330 (b) ( 1) of the H.R. 94 pro cent parity won't quite buy that pair of creasing. That is the heart of President Car vides conditions under which the grand jury jeans; nor wm it buy that 70-100 horse ter's program. could request that the court appoint a spe power tractor that has doubled in price since There are no magic solutions in the Presi cial attorney to assist in inquiries of the jury. 1970. I would also like to point out that feed dent's program. A regular, permanent independent attor prices have not declined when compared to He is asking for a number of tax incentives ney \vould contribute even more to grand six months ago and that feed accounts for and penalties to encourage conservation jury independence. This attorney could be only 45-55 per cent of the cost of producing while at the same time he is promoting the present when the U.S. Attorney presents milk. development of alternative sources of energy cases for indictment and could advise the In summation, I would say that today's such as solar power and coal. foreman without participating himself. As farmer wm turn e-lsewhere if he cannot ex Some of the penalties may hurt, but I do staff to the grand jury, the attorney could pect reasonable compensation for his labor not think the damage will be severe. Most be present during deliberations, not as a and investment. Whether or not the con of the new taxes proposed by the President participant, but to furnish legal advice as sumer buys our product is immaterial, if we will be rebated back to consumers. Other requested by grand jurors. cannot sell it at a profit. taxes, such as the standby gasoline tax, won't As a private citizen I appreciate the oppor It is refreshing to have a man who has cost anyone anything provided we control tunity to testify before this Subcommittee. been a farmer and faced the despair of our consumption of energy. T11e Legislative branch of federal government drought and other disasters, in a position to has many areas of interest and responsib111ty, deal with the problems that govern the food In fact, I look upon the gas tax as a sort but grand jury reform, related as it is to supply of our great nation and to a lesser of national referendum on energy. If we con the essence of America-individual free extent the world. Why don't farmers and serve, there wlll be no tax. If we do not, we dom-must rank high in priority. consumers alike give him a chance? will have to pay the price. I would be pleased to respond to any ques Incidentally, I was very pleased to see that tions the Subcommittee may have. the President's proposals include provisions for highway maintenance which means that the special problems of rural districts such SUPPORTS PRESIDENT'S ENERGY as ours have been taken into account ln PROGRAM shaping the program. Simllarily, our district GIVE BERGLAND AND AGRICUL· should be helped by the President's plans to TURE A BREAK encourage the use of coal and to assist small HON. JOSEPH S. AMMERMAN oil producers. OF PENNSYLVANIA But most of all, I have been pleased to learn HON. DAVID R. BOWEN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that the initial reaction from the public, as refiected in the letters and communications OF MISSISSIPPI Wednesday, April 27, 1977 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I have received, has been extremely favorable Mr. AMMERMAN. Mr. Speaker, Pres to the President's program. Wednesday, April 27, 1977 In this case, the public seems to be far ident Carter has challenged us here in ahead of those members of Congress who Mr. BO\VEN. Mr. Speaker, a constitu Congress to demonstrate that we can have been hemming and hawing about the ent of mine from Winston County, Miss., act responsibly on the energy issue and energy problem. I believe that my constitu Clyde Wallace, has written a very excel produce a program which will deal with ents want action on energy from this Con lent letter to the editor of the Mem our Nation's energy crisis intelligently gress, and I wlll do everything I can to see phis Commercial Appeal, the Midsouth's and effectively. that they get it. April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12599 UNIVERSAL VOTER REGISTRATION sary in order to pre!)are street lists, polling tion and elections. Therefore, a grant to the places, certificates, binders and other printed city directly would be far more appropriate; matter for use on election day. This 30 day particularly if the subsidy were to refiect the HON. RAYMOND F. LEDERER period of non-registration is also used by the true dollar cost of implementation not only OF PENNSYLVANIA Election Board to instruct and train election in the federal elections, but the local elec officials and disseminate the necessary elec tions which must in fact follow the lead of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion paraphernalia. The Pennsylvania Legis the federal code. The two year payment pe Wednesday, April 27, 1977 lature is seriously considering making this riod of course imposes a de facto lending type of training mandatory for our election policy of money to the federal government Mr. LEDERER. Mr. Speaker, I would officials thereby further handicapping our until in fact the bill is paid. The financial like to insert in the RECORD the testimony staff during the critical thirty day pre state of every American city is so well known of Margaret M. Tartaglione, chair election period. Therefore, we feel proposed to this body that it needs only to be men woman, Philadelphia County Commis legislation must in some way be able to tioned in passing that this is an unfair sioners, given before the Committee on integrate easily with existing state registra burden to the citizens. House Administration on H.R. 5400. This tion requirements. Although, generally With this in mind, we in Philadelphia legislation will provide for the universal speaking, the duties of the County Commis sincerely feel that if the Government is to sioners of Pennsylvania are ministerial re expand any funds or resources in the worth registration of voters. I know many of garding the registration and election process, while effort to encourage citizen participa my colleagues in the House will benefit our employees are also given quasi police and tion in the electoral process that those funds from Mrs. Tartaglione's remarks: administrative powers. H.R. 5400 in some way and resources be directed to the streamlining UNIVERSAL VOTER REGISTRATION ACT OF 1977 should address itself once again to integrat and encouraging of the present system which (Testimony of Margaret M. Tartaglione, ing the investigative and quasi police powers affords every interested citizen complete and Chairwoman, Philadelphia City Commis of the Commission with those of the U.S. easy access to the registration rolls long sioners, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Attorney's Office. We in Philadelphia have a before election day. With Respect to H.R. 5400, Before the very serious concern for problems involving In person and mail registration prior to Committee on House Administration of fraudulent registration and subsequent vot election day are the real answers to voter the House of Representatves) ing which on the surface seems to be far access to the polls, not the cluttering of the easier to perpetrate under H.R. 5400 than the To the Honorable Members of the Commit polling place on election day and late regis existing election code in Pennsylvania. trants. tee on House Administration of the Despite Commission diligence and the aid of House of Representatives: In summary, Philadelphia wlll ask its con our civic "watch-dog" organizations, we feel gressional delegation to oppose H.R. 5400 as I am Margaret M. Tartaglione, Chairwoman that fraud would become far more pervasive of the City Commissioners of Philadelphia, it is presently structured and we will ask our under H.R. 54:00 if it is adopted in its present Congressman to encourage federal subsidies director of the bureau responsible for admin form. istering the reglstra tion and election of close to aid the Registration Commission in their to one million citizens of Philadelphia, Penn Present Pennsylvania law provides access request to enroll voters to vote during the sylvania. The annual budget of the City to the registration process for the physically normal registration periods, particularly Cc:>mmissioners of Philadelphia is $6,738,220, handicapped and incapacitated and for those through mail registration. Wlthout allowing for emergency and capital absent from their domiciles because of duties, A projection of the estimated cost factors expenditures. My Commission, its employees, obligations, schooling or military service. involved indicate the cost of manning the and the City of Philadelphia would like to The Commonwealth also has since August 1, polling places in Philadelphia with a team thank the House Administration Committee 1976 a system of non-personal letter applica of three registrars pursuant to the Pennsyl for this opportunity to address this Body re- tion for registration which has been imple vania Rej:!;istration Code would cost $482,891 garding the proposed legislation. • mented in Philadelphia at a substantial cost each election. Philadelphia is designated as a city of the to the taxpayer. In summary, every aualified If the Pennsylvania legislature would fall first class in the Commonwealth of Pennsyl citizen, regardless of physical disab111ty or to conform local election procedures with vania having a population in excess of one private inconvenien:::e, ca.n easlly register to H.R. 5400, our election board may be faced Inillion. As such, our Legislature has recog vote if in fact they desire to do so. It is to with capital expenditures of more than $4.5 nized the special problems of the registra be noted that we are a permanent registra million dollars to equip polling places with tion and election process by passing an elec tion state and unless a change of name or separate machines for federal offices. Hauling, tion code for cities of the first class and a address occurs, or failure to particip::~.te maintenance, and storage costs of these ma separate election code for all other cities, within three years in the electoral process chines would be $769,000 annually. townships, etc. in Pennsylvania. In Phila should happen, once registered will always The"e expenditures are not covered by the delphia we have 1783 election districts. A remain registered in Philadelphia. We would, $390,000 anticipated stipend under the H.R. typical district averages 600 registered voters, therefore, object to the suggestion that voter 5400 reimbursement formula. requires the use of at least two voting registration on election day will in fact en The facts are clear to Philadelphia. We machines. Each polling place is located with courage participation in the electoral proc cannot supoort a. bill which financially in a separate di~>trict and are tvpically lo ess. This entire concept seems to address attacks our community. cated in buildings such as schools, churches, itself to a media-induced phenomenon of Respectfully submitted, or private facilities which are rented for one heightened voter interest within the thirty MARGARET M. TARTAGLIONE, day. Generally, polling places can be char day non-registration period for the election. Chairwoman, City Commissioners. acterized as small and sometimes inadequate We feel that whlle the data available indi in terms of space. On election day in Penn cates some metropolitan areas have in fact sylvania, five election officials conduct and realized greater voter participation because supervise the balloting and the election code of recent use of registration on election day, MINIMUM WAGE requires a watcher from each party or pollti that in the long run citizens will neglect .to cal body be permitted at the pol11ng place. register in person or by mail before election (There are currently five political parties tn day and will in fact crowd the polling places HON. SHIRLEY N. PETTIS Philadelphia: Democrat, Republican, Phila in an effort to accomplish registration and OF CALIFORNIA delphia Party, Consumer and McCarthy voting in one stop. Thus, ironically, H.R. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Party). 5400 may in fact result in frustrating its very Wednesday, April 27, 1977 The County Commissioners seek to estab intent by crowding the polling places with lish polling nlaces for the public w}'! ich are registrants on election day. Many citizens Mrs. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, it has been convenient and are or11:anized in a fashion will in fact neglect to participate in the said that those who are unwilling to de to encourag-e easy and plessant voter par election. A further criticism must be levelled at the fend their freedom will soon lose it. This ticipation. Unfortuna.telv, it is virtually 1m is true not only of personal freedom but possible to find a sufficient number of public lead time provisions of H.R. 5400. While it and private buildings that are available to may be practicable for smaller political sub of economic freedom as well. We have accomplish this puroose regardless of the divisions to implement it by 1978, it would coming before us an assault on the eco compensation involved and often polling be virtually im?ossible for Philadelphia to nomic freedom of those who are least places are housed 1n locations which are do so without staggering costs. In the alter able to withstand it. I am speaking of inadequate in terms of space. native, a 1980 deadline with the option to the proposed increase in the minimum Prior to each election, the Reg-istration participate soonE-r, including state elections wage. would probably be more realistic. . Division of the County Commissioners ac Who will suffer hardships if the in tively solicit registration through decentral We have estimated that 60¢ per vote incen ized traveling registrars and recently through tive paid to each state will in no way encour crease goes through? Certainly not any the use of non-person<\1 registration appli age Philadelphia as a political sub-divi<>ion one in this Chamber; I am sure it is a cations (Mail Registration). to participate in H.R. 5400. The grant is long time since any of us have had to Under the current Pennsvlvania Election financially inadequate and the method of concern ourselves with the minimum Code all registration in Pennsylvania cea"es payment oblique. Under Pennsylvania law wage level. Certainly not the skilled thirty days prior to election. This is neces- each county pays its own costs for registra- union members who earn far more than 12600 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April .2·7, 1977 the minimum, not the professionals, the to women and minors; and they also dis think that this particular speech is in bureaucrats, or the executives. No, it will covered that the average rate of unem dicative of his talent and the depth of be those least able to endure the hard ployment in areas with minimum wages his feelings for other people: ships that will result from diminished by :five-tenths of a percentage point for VALUES IN RURAL AREAS employment opportunities: The teen the period studied. These :figures are not While the Bicentennial last year cele ager, who wants to develop some mar the most important aspect of this study brated the glorious settling of this nation, ketable skill, but cannot get the first with regards to the question of whether the political platforms put forth by the opportunity to break into the labor mar or not to raise the minimum wage. How major parties last summer were busy prom ket; the housewife looking for some sort ever, what is more important i~ the study ising to save America's cities. The mayors of partime work to supplement the fam concluded that-- of the major cities met within a week after ily income; the elderly person trying to the election to demand relief. There is evidence that when states raise There's no doubt that most of American make ends meet on a social security their minimum wages, unemployment in is urban America. Ninety per cent of Amer check. These individuals-the last hired these states tends to rise relative to the rate ica's people live on 10 per cent of America's and the first fired-are the mnginally of unemployment in other states. land; 80 per cent of England's population emplovable. the ones who will suffer as In the face of such evidence. Mr. live in English cities; and practically all of a result of the increase in the minimum Speaker, how can we in good conscience Europe, from which America has drawn its wage. take an action which is likely to further model of civilization, is urban. For those of you who may have doubts, aggravate the unemployment problem? It may be too much to ask our political let us take the example of teenage unem leaders not to try to save the large cities, How can we move to raise the minimum since that's where the voters live, but is it ployment. In a study done by Yale wage when there is a substantial body of teo much to ask that they concentrate Brozen, covering the period from 1949 evidence to indicate that the primary re more attention on saving the people in the through 1968, it was demonstrated that sult of that action is to put people out of cities than on trying to save the physical each increase in the minimum wage was work-and especially people whom we bodies of the cities in which people are accompanied by an increase in the unem are trying to bring into the job market forced to live and work? ployment rate for teenagers. Further, the through other means? There is no sense It may be that the cities are dead and Brozen study clearly demonstrated an to it. cannot be saved, but that no one has yet upward trend in the overall level of un Does it not strike anyone as ironic that had the courage to give a. coroner's report employment among this group. This, it or to design ways to transplant the hearts of on the one hand we are presented with cities (their people) to healthier bodies. should be noted, is in spite of a general proposals to create a National Youth The deadening effects of cities have been increase in the level of education among Conservation Corps, similar to the Civil predicted ever since their creation. Thomas teenagers. The Brozen study also indi ian Conservation Corps of the Great De Jefferson warned very early, "The mobs of cated that nonwhite teenagers suffered pression, and a program of Youth Com great cities add just so much to the support more than any other group as a result of munity Conservation and Improvement of pure government, as sores do to the the increa.ses in the minimum wage. Per Projects in order to alleviate the prob strength of the human body. It is the man haps Brozen's own words are the best lem of teenage unemployment, while, on ners and spirit of a people which preserve a summary of his findings: the other hand, we are taking action republic in vigor. A degeneracy in these is a Minimum wage statutes have increased canker which soon eats to the heart of its which will undoubtedly increa.se it? laws and constitution." incomes for a few workers at the time of Mr. Speaker, it is this sort of contra their imposition. These increases would have A.. century and a half after Jefferson's come anyway, in most cases within two to dictory, senseless, counterproductive ac warning, historian Carl N. Degler examined five years.... In the interval between the tivity which has lowered the esteem of the literature of the cities from the Civil time that the minimum wage is raised and this body and the Federal Government in War to the 1960's, a century of what Ameri the time that productivity and infiation catch the eyes of the public. I must say that I cans thought and wrote about their own up with the increase, thousands of people are cannot blame them. If we cannot, in urban environment; and Degler summarized jobless, many businesses fail which are never light of all the evidence indicating the the most frequent descriptions: revived, people are forced to migrate who deleterious effects of increasing the mini Filth; poor sanitation, streets and recrea would prefer not to, cities find their slums mum wage, resist the temptation to do so, tion; tenements; monotony of scenery and deteriorating and becoming overpopulated, of work; loss of privacy; business cheating; teenagers are barred from obtaining the op then perhaps the public is right in their impersonality a.nd anonymity; anxiety and portunity to learn skills which would make opinions of their Representatives in loneliness; theft and murder; high acci them more productive, and permanent dam Washington, and we may see a demon dental death, injury, suicide, divorce, and age is done to their attitudes and their stration of those opinions in the next juvenile delinquency rates; destruction of ambitions. election. family life; decreases of refiective planning and increases of refiective responses; loss of I might add, Mr. Speaker, that since traditions; the Brozen study with the advent of the VALUES IN RURAL AREAS Class-consciousness and possession-con-. $2.30 minimum wage, the problem of sciousness; noise pollution and air pollution; tPenage unemployment-especially non lack of neighborliness; unproductive com white teenage unemployment--has HON. ED JONES petitiveness; lack of outdoor activity; loss of reached crisis proportions. OF TENNESSEE rhythm of the reasons and weather that help people pace themselves; decline of mor We must recognize the minimum wage IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ality; decline of stability; conspicious con for what it really is: a way to keep a cer Wednesday. April 27. 1977 sumption and conspicuous poverty; and in tain number of persons from entering adequate mental and physical health care. the labor market and, as such, a limi Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, If we have reached the point where giant tation on the freedom of our populace to recently, at a banquet for Eagle Scouts cities produce more negative than positive go into enterprises of their own choice. held in Jackson, Tenn., Dr. Larry results for people, we may also be approach Further, it is clearly demonstrated that McGehee, the chancellor of the Univer ing a similar point in our growth-oriented States with wider minimum wage cover sity of Tennessee at Martin, gave a very economy. age tend to have more unemployment. inspiring speech that I would like to In his 1973 book, Small Is Beautiful: Eco share with my colleagues. nomics As If People Mattered, E. F. Schu In a study by Colin and Rosemary Camp macher says such things as, "How much bell, which dealt with State minimum I want to share with other Members of further 'growth' wlll be possible, since in wage laws as a cause of unemployment, this body, because I think it exemplifies finite growth in a finite environment is an the authors concluded that for the entire as well as anything I have ever heard or obvious impossib111ty?" "Today we suffer period from 1950 to 1965, the rate of un read a great many of those values that from an almost universal idolatry of giant employment in areas with minimum many of us who hail from rural areas ism." wage laws was on the average six-tenths hold dear. It places in perspective the This 20th century, our non-renewable of a percentage point higher than areas role that rural areas such as the one I natural resources have been used more than represent plays in this world, and it tn all previou:; centuries of world history put without such laws: in addition they together. found that the weighted rate of unem espouses those inner values that we as President G. M. Sawyers of Texas Southern ployment in the major labor market individuals aspire to. Dr. McGehee has a University summarized the problem tersely areas in States with coverage restricted reputation as an eloquent speaker and I but well: "When one thinks in terms of a April 2·7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12601 doubling of the population in 25 years and sources until they're gone or by developlng ble places bestrides both these worlds-the of competition for the earth's shrinklng re short-term solutions for each resource deple old and the new-in ways most regions can sources, the final horrors of ill-conceived and tion as it arises. not, I am possessed by a vision of a quality unconscionably applied management deci We've not had to answer the Biblical ques of life the world is about to lose and longs to sions ~n government become apocalyptically tion, "For which of you, in tending to bulld retain. real." a tower, sitteth now down first, and count We need desperately to find ways to talk A recurring Old Testament warning says, eth the cost, whether he have sufficient to more with one another about our common "He that diggeth a pit shall fall into it." build it?" and thus the cost has been left visions and dreams. We need urgently to Our biggest cities are almost, if not quite, to be paid at a very high price by later gen clarify our personal and our regional goals dead; our resources are almost, not quite, erations. for the next year, the next five years, and the depleted; we have dug our pit. So we face The arena of our immediate movement is next 50 years We need agonizingly to wrestle two crises: the death of our cities and the in 20 low-density counties of West Tennes with the elusive meaning of quality and ex decline in the growth rate in our economy. see, of which 16 have average per capita in cellence. I want us to consider three responses we come leve.s below the average for the state, in But the solutions we seek, the options we can make to these crises. a state where the average income is below can give the world from the individual and RESPONSE I. EDUCATION the national average. the collective efforts of this small region, and It is a region with only one intermediate Given the crises of modern life, the need the findings of quality for a society that may size city, Jackson, and a region that currently not even be aware it has lost it, are not tasks for education is rather apparent. is proper:y engaged in promoting better high We're in the business this year of educat we can tackle if we ourselves are overwhelmed ways, better health care, and more job op by what we see in the world outside or if we ing students to work in the years 1977 to portunities. 2020 A.D., not to work in the 1950's or 1960's. are underwhelmed by our own complacency. But because we are in a region that is still We must escape being engulfed by the in It we assume there'll be no catastrophe developing rather than declining the sphere that will wipe out halt the world population, tensity and immensity of the world outside of our influence and mission is also global, West Tennessee, and we must buy time we'll then we have to educate for a world that because what we accompUsh in developing needs new options in city life, need if we're to transcend that world outside this region here could give aid and reUef to and give it some ideas on how life can be A world that must have international in overdeveloped, dying sectors of society else volvements, because what happens to popu better than it now appears life is going to be where looking for new models for retrench in the world as cities decay and growth de lation 1n one country or to natural resources ment, values, style of life, and survival. in another country or to infiation in yet clines. Is it possible, for example, that small and Education can help, but the major edge another affects what happens in all coun intermediate sizes are better than giant tries, we have is a location in place and time which sizes? Can one have fun without a stadium allows us to contrast the best that we have A world that cannot drift too much to to seat 100,000 people at ten dollars each and "have-have not" ways of life without risk with the worst of what we could become if without parking lots covering the grass for we were to be overrun by what has already ing revolutions, miles around such stadia? A world 1n which it is probable that the happened elsewhere, especially by boredom Can one find cui ture in books, records, and loneliness. average age of death will be 100 instead of movies, television, touring groups, visiting 40 as it was last century or 60 as it 1s today. lecturers and artists, and locally produced RESPONSE In. OUR INNER SELVES A world of ten billion people instead of drama and concerts, without having to build The third asset we have going for us to four billion, gigantic cultural centers? West Tennessee that has drowned elsewhere A world that will require more planning Is God present jo the worship of small con in the tidal waves of bigness is something I with fewer options available to choose from, gregations as much as in churcb,es of 10,000 don't know how else to label except as Inner A world in which the only protection of members with 20 ministers and eight Sunday Peace. the individual is his mind and his command services? I don't know exactly how to describe what of knowledge, Is government more responsive to and less Inner Peace is. I sense that other people A world that needs to rediscover morality costly for the governed in many small towns know intuitively and inarticulately what I and ethics. of 20,000 near a middle size city of 100,000 try to describe when I talk about it. I don't To send our graduates into that kind of than in the inner sanctums of million-person know whence it comes. If it comes from out world uneducated is to send Custer against metropo!ises? side of us, it comes not from the turmoil of Sitting Bull or Pickett against Meade. They Is there more value in a front lawn to mow the world that touches us on every side, but have virtually no chance at all, if we've lim than in a doormat to vacuum? in spite of that turmoil and from some power ited their education. Do ethnic groups integrate better in that transcends that world. RESPONSE n. THE RURAL LIFESTYLE smaller towns than acro'5S miles of sepa Even if it comes from inside us, it comes But what has all of this talk to do with rated housing districts? !rom some power that transcends the ordi West Tennessee? Are the pride and joy of craftmanship nary us 1n an extraordinary way. Whatever Just this: by some miracle, this region in found more in the large community-less com the source, it resides within us, so I call it which you and I have elected to live has munities than in smaller communities? Inner Peace. escaped absorption into the mainstream Where do city dwellers spend their week I know, too, why it's there. It's there be maelstrom of modern society and, although ends and vacations and where do they retire, cause we had to have it, couldn't endure isolated from it, is not so insulated a.gainst and why should those places happen to be so without it, because the weights of life and the it as to be unaware of it. That means we different from their urban environment? stretching of the mind are too unbea.rable live in a region that is rare in today's world How do attendance figures at Shiloh, Nat without the peace that gives us perspective and that is also needed in today's world. chez Trace, Paris Landing, Pickwick, Reel and internal order when confronted with West Tennessee is not divorced from the foot, and Land Between the Lakes comoare complexity, selfishness, and external disor larger world, although the acres of crops, with those for Opryland or Libertyland?. der, in day-to-day activities. the presence of wild and tame animals, the What are the proportionate rates between I know further that Inner Peace is some silence of evenings, the absence of traffic small towns and large cities on indebtedness, thing that produces Quality. Or, as Robert and smog, the hum of tractors and lawn suicide, delinquency, crime, drug abuse, dis Pirsig puts it, "The way to see what looks mowers and sprinklers, and the distance to honesty, cost of living, psychiatric counsel good and understand the reasons it looks large cities may lead people who know us ing, literacy, or entertaining? good and to be at one with this goodness, as only as the Beverly Hillbillies or Billy Carters -Why is it that the Galluo Poll for Novem the work proceeds, is to cultivate an inner to think we are. ber 1976 showed 87 per cent of the American quietness, a peace of mind so that goodness Television and highways, newspapers and people want to live in communities of less can shine through." travel, tourists, visiting businessmen from than 100,000 people, and 56 per cent of the And he adds something else about it that urban centers, regional government agencies, American people want to live in communities makes good sense, too: "Peace of mind pro all serve to make us aware of the world out of less than 10,000? duces right values, right values produce right side; but most of all our own interest and If it's true that the hopes and desires of thoughts. Right thoughts produce right ac curiosity keep us constantly alert to the con humanity are more realizable in developing tions and right actions produce work which trasts between our immediate environment semi-rural regions such as ours than in will be a material reflection for others to see and the larger global environment. burned-out sectors of urban society, how do the serenity at the center of it all." Once we're forced to face the fact that us we educate our children to cherish and cul -I know further that Inner Peace is some ing all our unrenewable resources today tivate those styles of thou?ht and action, thing of value to others as much as to my leaves nothing for our children and grand how does each of us apply his or her skills self, and that the best wish we can make for children tomorrow, our insatiable appetites to bullding a rural option to urban blight, others is that they too possess it. for growth will be replaced by our frentic and how do we package and merchandise And more. I know enough of us in West panic to survive. We are already entering a this model into something to serve our global Tennessee have this thing I call Inner Peace, no-growth economy. community as an option to mass mediocrity? the quality of our work and the meaning our We're now approaching a crisis stage on -When I consider the world that has been lives will be such that this little outpost of this issue, which we've been able to forestall and the world that is at hand, when I con ours can change the world. West Tennessee as long as possible by ignorlng the loss of re- sider how West Tennesse~ of all unpredicta- can change the world by insisting upon 12602 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 caring, upon developing and preserving in nonhospital-medical care required by to make available to any assessed child dividuality, upon pride in craftsmanship of children who have been assessed. The whether the child was assessed as required what we make or do, upon quality, and upon by federal law or at the option of the State smallness as an attribute. new Federal match will average over 75 all medical care and services for which fed And finally, I have learned that a large part percent of the cost of providing these eral financial participation under Medicaid of Inner Peace comes from no longer count services, as opposed to the current na is available, other than those for the treat ing and recounting my own accomplishments tionwide average Federal share of 55 per ment of mental illness, mental retardation, but from rejoicing with genuine joy in the cent of all services. development disabilities and dental problems accomplishments of others around me, and Providing net fiscal relief to the States not discovered during an assessment. Cur in encouraging and applauding every effort of some $18 million in fiscal year 1978. rently, services which are required to be pro they make to improve and preserve the good vided are specified in regulations ~nd are and erase the bad. The increase in the Federal match will limited to services each State already makes more than offset the higher costs to available under its Medicaid plan, as well States of serving more children. as services for the treatment of vision, hear Improving the quality of care for chil ing, and certain dental problems. CHILD HEALTH ASSESSMENT dren assessed under this program by Section 4 (a) of the bill would amend sec PROGRAM gradually phasing in over the next 3 tion 1902(a) (10) of the Social Security Act years the requirement that assessments to require that States make ellgible forMed be performed through comprehensive icaid all children under the age of six who HON. PAUL G.. ROGERS health care centers or primary care phy are members of families who meet the income and resources eligibility requirements for OF FLORIDA sicians capable of delivering necessary AFDC in each State. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES follow-up diagnosis and treatment. Requiring that all children reached by Section 4 (b) of the bill would make con Wednesday, April 27, 1977 forming changes in title XTX of the Social this program be immunized against Security Act to make clear that child health Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, I have childhood diseases. assessments and follow-up services provided today introduced legislation, the Child Providing additional incentives to as a. result of amendments contained in the Health Assessment Act, an administra States to meet certain goals and stand bill are not thereby to be required to be tion proposal designed to expand the ards by increasing the Federal matching provided to individuals not meeting the ap availability of health care, particularly payments from 50 to 75 percent for all propriate age requirements. preventive health care, to financially medicaid administrative expenses in Section 5 of the bill would add a new sec needy children. I hope to schedule hear States which meet such goals while as tion to title XIX of the Social Security Act. ings on this proposal in the near future. sessing a penalty against the Federal That section describes the child health as sessment program which would be required No segment of our population is in share of medicaid administrative costs by the law. The program would be available greater need of health care, or less able for failure to meet certain standards un to AFDC redpients under 21 (as under cur to afford it, than the children of the der the current law. rent law), certain income ellgible children poor. Such children are more likely to While I look forward to hearing from under 6 as previously described (currently have chronic diseases, spend twice as interested members of the public with option~l in each State), and other income much time in hospitals, and are bed respect to the provisions of this proposal eligible children under 21 at each State's ridden more often than children of and any revisions which may be sug option. The section would require each families with higher incomes. With ade gested, I applaud the intent of the pro health care provider in the p·rogram to enter into an agreement with the State Medicaid quate preventive care, the health status posal to provide badly needed preventive agency to ( 1) perform pe-riodic health as of poor children could be considerably health care and treatment to millions of sessments as required by regulations of the improved, but, because most poor chil American children desperately in need of Secretary; (2) assume over the next three dren do not have regular access to physi such services. By rea~hing these children years gradually Increasing responsibllity for cian care, chronic conditions which often now, they can be better assured of a the provision Olf a. minimal range of diag could be prevented are only identified healthy and productive future. nostic and treatment services as required by when they become acute and require The following is a brief, section-by regulations of the Secretary so that (except hospitalization. section summary of the Child Health As in areas where the Secretary grants a waiver) diagnostic and treatment services will be The major existing program designed sessment Act: provided directly at the end of the three to provide health screening and treat SECTION-BY -SECTION SuMMARY year period; (3) refer children for other ment for financially needy children, the The first section of the bill would provide appropriate services; {4) take responsibUity early and periodic screening, diagnosis the short title of the Act-the "Child Health for case management; (5) be avalllltble to and treatment program-EPSDT-has Assessment Act". meet the continuing health needs of as been proven to be inadequate. EPSDT Section 2 of the bill would provide the sessed children; and {6) make reports re presently screens only 30 percent of the purposes of the Act--to expand the avail quired by the State or Secretary. The new 12 million children currently eligible ability of health care to financially needy section 1912 would also make eligible for children, to improve the quality of such care, continued Medicaid services for a period of under medicaid and fails to provide and to increase immunization levels of chil six months any child who has been assessed treatment for approximatelv 22 percent dren. but whose family income has increased, or of the children found to need treatment. Section 3 of the bill would amend section who has become ineligible for AFDC, and In addition, EPSDT fails to cover the 1902(a) (13) of the Social Security Act by would thereby otherwise become ineligible nearly 700,000 children under the age adding two new subparagraphs to the Medic for Medicaid. of 6 who are in families whose income aid State plan requirements. The first would Section 6 of the bill would add an addi meets State financial requirements for require that, effective October 1, 1977, all tional State pla.n requirement that States children under the age of six who are mem encourage participation by physicians &nd medicaid eligibility but whose family bers of famil1es who meet the income and structure makes them ineligible. health ca.re centers in the child health as resources el!.glbility requirements in each sessment program. It also would require ap The proposed new child health asses~ State for aid to families with dependent propriate coordination among relevant State ment program-CHAP-would substan children (AFDC) be eligible under the State and local agencies and arrangements for the tially strengthen the EPSDT pro plan for the program currently referred to as provision of appropriate support services. early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and gram by: Section 7{a) of the bill would provide for Requiring States to provide medicaid treatment (EPSDT). Other provisions in the bill are designed to improve the quality of increased federal financial participation in and EPSDT services to the estimated care under this program and would modify the cost of health assessments and all re 700,000 poor children under 6 whose fam the terms used to describe the program. Cur lated or follow-up care and services provided ily structure makes them ineligible for rently, the federal law requires that the to assessed children. Currently, the federal medicaid. EPSDT program and Medicaid be made avail share of the cost of such care is the "medical Providing an incentive to States to im able only to recipients of federal categorical assistance percentage" for each State. The cash assistance, although States may, at range of that percentage is between 50 per prove their current service to all poor cent and 78 percent (and averages 55 per children by increasing the Federal medi their option, make eligible for Medicaid and EPSDT other children under 21 whose fami cent). Section 7 would increase the percent caid matching rate for all assessment lies are within the federal income limitations age for purposes of the child health assess performed for currently eligible children for Medicaid. ment program to the average of the current by the States, all such assessment for The second new paragraph which would be medical assistance percentage in each State new children who will not be eligible for added to the State plan requirements by sec and 90 percent or to 75 percent, whichever the program, and for all ambulatory- tion 3 of the bill would require each State Is greater. .. T April 2'7, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12603 Section 7 (b) o! the bill would provide a Dr. Jack Carlson of the U.S. Chamber of resulted from minimum wage increases in fiscal sanction for any State which falls to Commerce. the past, this proposal could cause the loss meet certain program standards specified in This chart details the job loss, labor of 2 milllon job opportunities that will not the bill. The s3.nction would be a reduction be created as a result of the higher minimum, by 20 percent of the amount payable to a cost increase, and consumer price in plus 700,000 layoffs, 4.4 percent higher labor State for administration of the Medicaid crease that would occur in each State costs for all businesses, but 5.4 percent higher program. Currently the reduction is one per subsequent to an increase in the Fed labor costs for small businesses which would cent o! federal financial participation in a eral minimum wage. reduce competition, and 2.9 percent higher State's AFDC costs. Other changes in the It is high time Congress took a hard consumer prices for all Americans. fiscal reduction provision are that it would look at its priorities for reducing unem The State of Florida could lose about 121,- be applied only with respect to fiscal quar ployment in this country. Over past years, 000 jobs-25,000 jobs for adult women; 28,000 ters after a State is notified of a shortcoming legislation approved by Congress has re jobs for blacks and other young male minor (currently the sanction applies retroactively ities (through age 24); and 6,000 jobs for as well) and that the Secretary could post sulted in making it more costly for em older workers (65 and over). pone any reduction for up to six months to ployers to hire workers, while subsidiz Florida would also experience a 4.4 percent permit a State to correct its program. The ing to the point of encouraging people increase in labor costs for all businesses; 5.5 amendment also would allow the Secretary not to work. We have been taxing people percent increase for small business; and 3.2 to set by regulation the standards af per and subsidizing nonwork. percent increase in consumer prices. Of those formance a State must attain. It is my fervent hope that each Mem workers still employed and at or near the Section 7(b) would also provide a financial minimum wage, only about one-half would ber will look closely at the following ma 2 bonus to any State meeting the standards terial, in anticipation that we may be be from households receiving low incomes. of good performance which the Secretary Increases in the minimum wage is an un would specify in regulations. The bonus called upon to vote on a minimum wage desirable and cruel way to help a few house would be an increase from 50 to 75 percent bill during the 95th Congress. holds increase low incomes. in federal reimbursement for general State FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON The Administration proposed a more rea administrative costs for Medicaid. THE STATE OF FLORIDA sonable increase in the Federal minimum (By Dr. Jack Carlson) wage from $2:30 to $2.50 with automatic ad Section 8 contains three conforming justments to maintain 50 percent of average amendments. One would repeal, effective An increase in the minimum wage is not manufacturing wages. However, even this with respect to fiscal quarters after Septem like an increase in welfare payments. Wages seemingly moderate increase could cause a ber 30, 1977, the current financial sanction are paid on the basis of the value of a work loss of 900,000 full and part-time jobs, an in applicable to the AFDC program. The others · er's contribution to a product or service that crease in labor costs of 1.4 percent for all would modify the terms currently used in a consumer is willing to purchase. Conse businesses and 1.8 percent for small busi title XIX to refer to the child health pro quently, government-directed increases in nesses, and an increase in consumer prices gram and would provide for the transition wages make it impossible for business to hire of 0.9 percent for Americans. into the revised program of children cur inexperienced or less skilled workers. As a rently being served under EPSDT. result, these workers become discouraged and Under this proposal, Florida would lose can not find jobs anytime now or in the about 38,000 jobs: 8,000 adult women; 10,000 future. This is a key reason why participation white teenagers; 7,000 nonwhite teenagers; in the labor force and unemployment rates 10,000 white workers ages 20-24; 2,000 non remain unsatisfactory even during good times white workers ages 20-24; and 2,000 older MINIMUM WAGE IMPACT ON THE and why public sector jobs are proposed by workers (over 65). Labor costs would increase 50 STATES the same lawmakers that caused the prob by 1.4 percent for all businesses, 1.7 percent lem by increasing the minimum wage. for small businesses, and consumers would have to pay about 1.0 percent higher con Rep. Dent (D-Pa) and the ~IO sup sumer prtces.a HON. RICHARD KELLY port an increase in the minimum wage from OF FLORIDA $2.30 to over $3.00 an hour with a built-in By way o! contrast, the stimulus program proposed by President Carter in January was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES automatic increase each year to maintain the minimum wage at 60 percent of manu expected to create about the same number Wednesday, Apn£ 27, 1977 facturing wages, elimination of the tip credit, of jobs. What government giveth, government can taketh away. Mr. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, I commend and elimination of a lower minimum wage for youth workers. Florida would be better off without an in to the immediate attention of my col crease in the minimum wage. If an increase leagues in the House the following sta Applying the best study available,l if the reaction to this increase is similar to what is enacted it should be modest, not tied to tistical analysis of the impact that pro automatic adjustments and recognize the posed minimum wage hikes would have importance of retaining a full tip credit on each of the 50 States, prepared by Footnotes at end of article. and provide a 25 percent youth differential. Representative Dent and Representative Dent and AFL-ciO bill Administration bill AFL-ciO bill Administration bill Job Labor Consumer Job Labor Consumer Job labor Consumer Job labor Consumar loss cost p;ice loss cost pri:e loss cost price loss cost price (thou- incraase, increase, (thou- increase, inCiease, (thou- Increase, increase, (thou- increase, increase, States sands) percent pc!rcent sands) percent percent States sands) percent percent sands) percant percent Alabama. ______------182 4.0 2.9 56 1.3 1.0 Montana __ • ___ ------___ 14 5.1 3. 7 4 1. 7 1.2 Alaska. ______4 3.2 2.1 (4) Nebraska._------19 4.6 3.3 6 1.5 1.1 Arizona ______• ______25 4.1 3. 0 ------:;·------i.T 1.0 Nevada. ___ •.. ------. 7 4. 2 3. 0 2 1.4 1.0 Arkansas •• ______28 4.8 3. 5 8 1.6 1.2 New Hampshire ______9 4.5 3.3 3 1.5 1.1 California ______• __ 271 3.5 2.4 56 .9 5.6 New Jersey ______88 3.6 2. 4 28 .9 5.7 New Mexico ______Colorado ••. ------31 4. 4 3.2 9 1.4 1. 1 12 4. 7 3.4 4 1.5 1.1 Connecticut ______.------_ 38 3.8 2. 7 12 1.2 .9 New York.------204 4. 0 2.9 64 1.3 1.0 Delaware ______.------___ 8 3. 6 2.6 2 1. 2 .9 North Carolina ______81 4. 2 3.1 25 1.4 1.0 District of Columbia ______North Dakota ______10 2. 7 1. 8 ------(•) Ohio ______7 5. 1 3. 7 2 1. 7 1.2 Florida ______------______121 4.4 3.2 38 1.4 1.1 132 3.9 2. 8 42 1.3 .9 73 4.4 3. 2 23 1. 4 1.1 Oklahoma ______------32 4. 2 3.1 10 1.4 1.0 15 4.0 2.9 3 1. 3 1. 0 Oregon _____ ------_____ 24 4.6 3.4 8 1.5 1.1 ~:a.::lr_-_~Idaho. ______~======9 5.0 3.6 3 1.6 1. 2 Pennsylvania __ • ______133 3. 9 2.8 42 1.3 .9 Illinois ___ • _____ • __ • ______149 4. 0 3.0 47 I. 6 1. 0 Rhode Island ______13 4.2 3.1 4 I. 4 1. 0 Indiana_------______65 3.9 2. 8 20 1.3 .9 South Carolina ______45 4. 2 3. 0 14 1.4 1.0 Iowa ______------33 4. 1 3.0 10 1.3 1.0 South Dakota ______8 4.9 3.5 3 1.6 1.2 Kansas ______27 4.4 3. 2 8 1.4 Ll Tennessee ______50 4.1 2.9 16 1.3 1. 0 Texas __ ------______Kentucky------_------37 4.3 3.1 12 1.4 1.0 153 3. 7 2.8 48 1. 3 .9 3.3 15 1. 5 1.1 Utah _____ ------______----- 14 4. 3 3.1 4 1. 4 1.0 louisiana __ ------47 4.5 VermonL ______Maine._------__ ----- 11 4.7 3.4 3 1.5 1.1 5 4.8 3. 5 2 1.6 1. 2 Maryland ______57 3.9 2.8 18 1.3 .9 Virginia __ ------___ 65 3. 7 2. 7 20 1.4 .9 Massachusetts ______73 4.2 3.0 23 1. 4 1.0 Washindon ______------42 4.3 3.1 13 1. 4 1.0 Michigan ______------_ 120 3.6 2.6 38 1.2 . 9 14 4. 3 2. 7 4 I. 4 . 9 Minnesota ____ ------_ 49 4.2 3.0 15 1. 4 1.1 56 4. 6 2.9 18 1.3 1.0 Mississippi_------_____ 30 4.4 3. 2 1() 1.4 1.1 ~~ssJo~~~~Wyoming ______i~~~~ == = = ------======___ 4 5.4 3.9 1 1.7 1.3 Missouri______------60 4.2 3.0 19 1.3 1.0 CXXIII--793-Part 10 12604 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2'7, 1977 FOOTNOTES to challenge and overturn any governmental the Cuban regime. At least two of the at 1 Jacob Mincer, Unemployment Effects of decision in the courts-from Defense Depart- · torneys involved, Ralph Stavins and Minimum Wages, Journal of Political Econ ment procurement to foreign trade. Robert Borosage, were involved with omy, Vol. 84, Number 4, Part 2, August 1976. The ACA would have absolute power to Orlando Letelier, an "agent of influence" 2 Edward M. Gramlich, "Impact of Mini interfere in the affairs of all governmental mum Wages on Other Wages. Employment agencies, Fecond-guessing their decisions and and covert conduit for Soviet and Cuban and Family Incomes," Brookings Papers on operating independently of the Executive funds. Economic Activity (1976). Branch and Congress. The CSGS calls for ending all Ameri 3 All estimates take into account state To give such unlimited power to one can "covert operations" abroad, noting minimum wage laws. agency-and thus to the narrow special that- • State minimum negates impact of Fed interest groups whose pleas it might heed Many of the organizations and individuals eral proposal. Is both dangerous and potentially chaotic. involved in the Campaign believe that the 5 While state minimum is $2.50 per hour it Existing agencies probably would be even end of secret government can only be ac does not have an automatic escalator clause more reluctant to act than they are now, complished by a prohibition of all secret which the Administration proposal has. fearing they might reach decisions that the spying in peacetime. ACA would not approve. In addition, the ACA's power to appeal A second CSGS demand is that all in decisions to the courts would delay final telligence gathering in the United States WASTEFUL CONSUMER AGENCY actions by governmental agencies for years. by Federal, State, or local law enforce The ACA also would be both inflationary ment agencies should be "clearly pro and costly. It would cost a minimum of hibited." The third demand is that de HON. CHARLES E. GRASSLEY $60 million to set up and operate for three years, plus the additional costs to other tailed budgets and reports on all intelli OF IOWA agencies responding to ACA demands and gence agencies be made public. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the costs to business and consumers of As the CSGS staff has informed my Wednesday, April 27, 1977 meet ing ACA regulations. staff, the organization does not neces Even more to the heart of the issue, how sarily expect to win those demands-at Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. Speaker, my col ever, is this question: Isn't one prime pur least not immediately. The demands are league from the State of Wis:-onsin Ap1-il 2·1, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12605 sources and a speakers program to gain vice-chairperson of the American Bar Asso on Government Surveillance and Citizens publicity. Morton Halperin went to Great ciation Committee on Rights for Women. Rights" whose coordinators are Thelma Morton Halperin, Director of the joint Segal and Zoharah Simmons. AFSC's Britain to meet with CIA turncoat and ACLU/ CNSS Project on National Security and self-styled "revolutionary Socialist" Civil Liberties; former member of the senior antisurveillance program is working in Philip Agee who is still appealing his de staff of the National Security Council; former close association with the ACLU and portation order. Halperin hopes that if Assistant Secretary of Defense who was in NLG from AFSC's national offices at Agee does return to this country now that part responsible for setting up the conditions 1501 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, Pa. the Department of Justice has informed under which Daniel Ells berg was able to steal 19102. The AFSC anti-intelligence pro Agee's lawyers that no charges are pend the Pentagon Papers. gram has announced four goals, identical ing, Agee will be the nova in his speak Esther Herst, Washington coordinator of with those of the CSGS: ers galaxy of anti-intelligence stars who the National Committee Against Repressive To abolish the CIA, the Internal Se Legislation (NCARL), a CPUSA front; and could clean up on the college lecture executive coordinator of the Anti-Senate Bill curity Division of the FBI, and all other circuit. 1 Coalition, an effort to block enactment of Federal, State, and local intelligence Of the 20 listed speakers, 7-Eqbal stronger laws against the unauthorized dis units; Ahmad, Jerry Berman, Robert Borosage, closure of classified government information. """To end "political spying" in the United Courtland Cox, Halperin, John Marks, Christy Macy, Center for National Security States; Ralph Stavins-are from the Institute Studies staff; former editor of Indochina To end secret budgets and secret char for Policy Studies/Transnational Insti Today, which supported the Vietcong and ters of intelligence agencies; tute apparatus; 8 are With the Center for Communist aggressors. Her special interest is campus agitation against intelligence To develop a campaign for intensive National Security Studies-Berman, gathering. congressional monitoring of all intelli Borosage, Cox, Halperin, Macy, Marks, John Marks, Director of the Center for gence agency activities with a view Marwick, and Shattuck; Butz, Osborn, National Security Studies' CIA Project; co toward preventing any covert activity and Van Houten from the Public Educa author of the CIA and the Cult of Intelli and encouraging criminal prosecution of tion Project on the Intelligence Com gence with Victor Marchetti. Marks lectures any intelligence agency employee who munity April 27, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12613 ~EETr&GS SCHEDULED 2:30p.m. MAY 3 APRIL 29 Environment and Public Works 8:00a.m. 8:00a.m. Water Resources Subcommittee Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry To mark up legislation on projects which To continue markup of S. 275, to amend Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. may be included in proposed Water and extend through 1982, the Agricul To continue markup of S. 275, to amend Resources Development Act amend ture and Consumer Protection Act of and extend through 1982, the Agri ments. 1973. 322 Russell Building culture and Consumer Protection Act MAY2 Appropriations of 1973. 8:00a.m. Interior Subcommittee 322 Russell Building Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry To hold hearings on proposed budget 8:30a.m. To continue markup of S. 275, to amend estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the Commerce, Science, and Transportation. and extend through 1982, the A.:,aricul Smithsonian Institution. Science, Technology, and Space Subcom ture and Consumer Protection Act of 1114 Dirksen Building mittee 1973. 8:30a.m. To continue hearings on s. 1069, in 322 Russell Building *Energy and Natural Resources creasing authorizations for programs 9:00a.m. To receive testimony on the President's under the Toxic Substances Control Governmental Affairs energy proposals from Dr. Schlesinger. Act for fiscal years 1978 and 1979; and To hold hearings on the nomination of 1202 Dirksen Building S. 899, the Toxic Substances Injury Alan K. Campbell, of Texas, to be a 9:30a.m. Assistance Act. Civil Service Commissioner. Environment and Public Works 6202 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building Water Resources Subcommittee 9:30a.m. 9:30a.m. To mark up legislation on projects which Commerce, Science, and Transportation Commerce, Science, and Transportation may be included in proposed Water Re Consumer Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 1347, to establish sources Development Act Amendments. To continue hearings on S. 403, the pro a National Advisory Committee on 1224 Dirksen Building posed National Product Liabllity In Oceans and Atmosphere. Judiciary surance Act. 5110 Dirksen Building Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommitt-ee 5110 Dirksen Bullding To hold oversight hearings on the effec Human Resources Energy and Natural Resources To continue markup of S. 7, to establish tiveness of antitrust enforcement by Labor Subcommittee the Justice Department and FTC. To continue hearings on S. 995, to pro in the Department of the Interior an Office of Surface Mining Reclamation 2228 Dirksen Bullding hibit discrimlnation based on preg 10:00 a .m. nancy or related conditions. and Enforcement to administer pro grams to control surface mining Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Until noon 4232 Dirksen Building To receive testimony from Federnl Re 10:00 a.m. operations. 3110 Dirksen Building serve Board Chairman Arthur Burns Appropriations on U.S. monetary policy. State, Justice, Commerce, Judiciary Sub 10:00 a.m. Environment and Public Works 5302 Dirksen Building committee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on proposed budget Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee. To mark up proposed legislation author Consumer Subcommittee estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To hold hearings on S. 1288, to author Judiciary and FCC. izing funds for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ize funds for the Federal Trade Com ~146, Capitol mission through :fiscal year 1980. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 4200 Dirksen Building Rules and Administration 5110 Dirksen Building Rural Housing Subcommittee Environment and Public Works To hold hearings on rural housing legis To hold hearings to receive testimony in behalf of requested funds for activi Resource Protection Subcommittee lation with a view to reporting its To resume hearings on proposed author final recommendations thereon to the ties of Senate committees and sub izations for fiscal year 1978 for the Budget Committee on May 15. committees. 301 Russell Building Energy Research and Development 5302 Dirksen Building Administration. Energy and Natural Resources Environment and Public Works Water Resources Subcommittee 4200 Dirksen Building Energy Production and Supply Subcom Governmental Affairs mittee To resume hearings on the proposed re placement of Lock and Dam 26, Alton To hold hearings on S. 555, to establish To hold hearings on S. 259, to extend Ill. • Federal offices to effect and implement certain noncompetitive oll and gas certain reforms in the Federal Govern leases in Wyoming. 4200 Dirksen Building Human Resources ment, and related legislation: s. 113, 457 Russell Bullding 290, 383, and 673. Energy and Natural Resources To hold hearings on the nomination of Subcommittee on Parks and Recreation Richard C. Atkinson, of California. to 3302 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 1125, authorizing be Director of the National Science Human Resources the establishment of the Eleanor Foundation. To mark up S. 717, to prom&te safety Roosevelt National Historic Site in Until noon 4232 Dirksen Building and health in the mining industry, to Hyde Park, N.Y. Select Small Business be followed by a Labor subcommittee 3110 DirkEen Building To hold hearings on proposed fiscal year hearing on the administration of the Environment and Public Works 1978 authorizations for programs of Black Lung Benefits program. Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee the Small Business Administration. 424 Russell Building Until 1 :00 p.m. 4200 Dirksen Building To mark up proposed legislation author Rules and Administration izing funds for the Nuclear Regulatory 10:30 a.m. Governmental Affairs To hold hearings to receive testimony in Commission. behalf of requested funds for activities 4200 Dirksen Building Energy, Nuclear Proliferation, and Federal Services Subcommittee of Senate committees and subcommit Governmental Affairs To receive testimony on a report of the tees. Energy, Nuclear Proliferation, and Federal Commission on Postal Service. 301 Russell Building Services Subcommittee 3302 Dirksen BuUding 10:30 a.m. To resume hearings on S. 897, to 1:00 p.m. _Commerce, Science, and Transportation strengthen U.S. policies on nuclear Commerce, Science, and Trans!)ortation To hold a business meeting. nonproliferation, and to reorganize and Human Resources 235 Russell Building certain nuclear export functions. To hold hearings jointly on S. 1350, in 2:30p.m. 6226 Dirksen Building creasing authorizations for programs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs under the National Sea Grant Pro Governmental Affairs To mark up S. 208, proposed National Intergovernmental Relations Subcommit gram Act for fiscal yean; 1978 and 197~. Mass Transportation Assistance Act, tee and on proposed :fisc9.l year 1978 au To mark up S. 2, to require reauthoriza 5110 Dirksen Bulldlng 2:30p.m. thorizations for the SEC. tion of Government programs at least Environment and Public Work.c: 5302 Dirksen Building every 5 years (proposed Sunset Act), Water Resources Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation and S. 904, to establish a center With· To continue markup of legislation on To hold hearings on the nomination of in OMB to provide current informa projects which may be included !n pro Fabian Chavez, Jr., of New Mexico, to tion on Federal domestic assistance posed Water Resources Development be an Assistant Secretary of Commerce programs. Act amendments. for Tourism. 357 Russell Bullding 4200 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building 12614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2'7, 1977 program; S. 926, to provide for public 3:00p.m. MAY 5 9:00a.m. financing of primary and general elec Select Small Business tions for the U.S. senate; and the To continue markup on bills concerning Energy and Natural Resources To consider proposed fiscal year 1978 au following bills and messages to amend disaster relief for small businesses the Federal Election Campaign Act: (S. 832, 1362, 1305, and 1306). thorizations for EDRA. 424 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building S. 15, 105, 962, 966, 1320, and 1344, President's message dated March 22, MAY 4 9:30 a.m. Environment and Public Works and recommendations of -the FEC sub 9:00a.m. mitted March 31. Energy and Natural Resources To mark up legislation on projects which may be included in proposed Water 301 Russell Building Energy Research and Development Sub 10:00 a.m. committee Resources Development Act amend ments. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue markup of proposed fiscal To consider all proposed legislation un year 1978 authorizations for ERDA. 4200 Dirksen Building Judiciary der its jurisdiction with a view to re Room To Be Announced porting its final recommendations 9:30a.m. Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee To continue oversight hearings on the thereon to the Budget Committee by ~·Human Resources effectiveness of antitrust enforcement May 15. Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor 5302 Dirksen Building Subcommittee by the Justice Department and FTC. 2228 Dirksen Building Governmental Affairs To consider H.R. 2992, to amend and Energy. Nuclear Proliferation, and Federal extend the Comprehensive Employ Rules and Administration ' To continue hearings on S. 1072, to es Services Subcommittee ment and Training Act, and S. 1242, To resume hearings on S. 897, to to provide employment and training tablish a universal voter registration program; S. 926, to provide for public strengthen U.S. policies on nuclear opportunities for youth. non proliferation, and to reorganize Until 2 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building financing of primary and general elec tions for the U.S. Senate; and the fol certain nuclear export functions. Judiciary 3302 Dirksen Building lowin~ bills and messa~es to amend Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee Select Small Business To continue oversight hearings on the the Federal Election Campaign Act: S. 15, 105, 962, 966, 1320, and 1344, To hold hearings to investigate prob effectiveness of antitrust enforcement lems in development of timber set by the Justice Department and FTC. Pre"ident's messa~e dated March 22, and reeommendations of the FEC sub asides. 2228 Dirksen Building 424 Russell Building Rules and Administntion mitted March 31. To hold hearings on S. 1072, to establish 301 Russell Building MAY 9 a universal voter registration program; 10:00 a.m. 9:00a.m. S. 926, to provide for public financing Bankinc;, Houc:ing, and Urban Affairs * Energy and Natural Resources of primary and general elections for To consider all proposed legislation Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub the U.S. Senate; and the following bills under its 1urisdiction with a view to committee and messages which amend the Fed reporting its final recommendations To !'>old hearings to receive testimony on eral Election Camp:iign Act: S. 15, 105, thereon to the Budget Committee by Federal Energy Administration price 962, 966, 1320, and 1344, President's May 15. policy recommendations for Alaska message dated March 22, and recom 5302 Dirksen Building crude oil. mendations of the FEC submitted Commerce, Science, and Transportation 3110 Dirksen Building March 31. Consumer Subcommittee 9:30a.m. 301 Russell Building To hold hearings on S. 957, to promote Commerce, Science, and Transoortation 10:00 a.m. methods by which controver~ies in Communications Subcommittee Appropriations volving consumers may be resolved. To hold oversight hearings on the broad Transportation Subcommittee 5110 Dirksen Building casting industry, including network To resume hearings on proposed budget Governmental Affairs licensing, advertising, violence on TV, estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To continue hearings on S. 555, to estab etc. Federal Highway Administration. lish Federal offices to effect and im,..,le 235 Russell Building 1224 Dirksen Building ment certain reforms in the Federal Environment and Public Works Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Government, and related legislation: To consider pending committee bust- To consider all proposed legislation un S. 113, 290, 383, and 673. ness. der its jurisdiction with a view to re 3302 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building porting its final recommendations Human Resources MAY 10 thereon to the Budget Committee by To markup S. 602, to extend through 9:00 a.m. May 15. fi.c:.cal year 1982 programs under the Energy and Natural Resources 5302 Dirksen Building Library Services and Construction To mark up proposed fiscal year 1978 Commerce, Science, and Transportation Act; S. 701, to provide Federal finan authorizations for ERDA Consumer Subcommittee cial assistance to educational institu 3110 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 1288, author tions to meet the emergency caused by Human Resources izing funds for the Federal Trade high fuel costs and shortages; S. 469, To mark up H.R. 2992, to amend and Commission through fiscal year 1980. to establish a commission to s·tudy extend the Comprehensive Employ . 235 Russell Building proposals for establishing the National ment and Training Act, and S. 1242, Academy of Peace and Conflict Resolu Energy and Natural Resources to provide employment and training tion; S. 961, to implement a plan Parks and Recreation Subcommittee opportunities for youth. designed to overcome barriers in the 4232 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on H.R. 5306, Land and interstate adoption of children; and 9:30a.m. Water Conservation Fund Act amend proposed legislation to extend the Commerce, Science, and Transportation ments. Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Communications Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building Act. To continue oversight hearings on the Governmental Affairs 4232 Dirksen Building broadcasting industry. including net To continue hearings on S. 555, to estab 10:30 a.m. work licensing, advertising, violence on lish Federal offices to effect and imple Commerce, Science, and Transportation TV, etc. ment certain reforms in the Federal To hold a business meeting. 5110 Dirksen Building Government, and related legisla tiori: 235 Russell Building Environment and Public Works S. 113, 290, 383, and 673. MAY 6 To mark up prooosed authorizations for 3302 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. fiscal year 1978 for the Energy Re 1:00 p .m. Human Resources search and Development Administra Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor tion. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 4200 Dirksen Building Science, Technology, and Space Subcom Subcommittee mittee To mark up S. 1303, authorizing funds 10:00 a .m. To resume hearings on S. 1069, increas for fiscal years 1978 through 1980 for Appropriations the Legal Services Corporation. Until Transportation Subcommittee ing authorizations for programs under To resume hearings on proposed budget the Toxic Substances Control Act for 2:00p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the fiscal years 1978 and 1979; and S. 899, Federal Railroad Administration the Toxic Substances Injury Assist- Rules and Administration To continue hearings on S. 1072, to (Northeast Corridor). ance Act. 1224 Dirksen Building 5110 Dirksen Building establish a universal voter registration Ap1~l 2·1, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 12615 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Environmental and Public works Select Indian Affairs To resume oversight hearings on U.S. To mark up proposed legislation author To hold hearings on S. 103, 667, and 785, monetary policy. izing funds for the Nuclear Regulatory to convey certain Federal land to the 5302 Dirksen Building Commission. Ely Indian Colony, Paiute, and Sho 4200 Dirksen Building shone Tribes. Governmental Aft'airs Room to be announced Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and Governmental Affairs Management Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and MAY 19 To resume hearings to review the proc Management 10:00 a.m. esses by which accounting and audit To continue hearings to review the proc Banking, Housing, and Urban Affa.trs ing practices and procedures, promul esses by which accounting and audit To bold hearings on S. 695, to impose on gated or approved by the Federal ing practices and procedures, promul former Federal procurement person Government, are established. gated or approved by the Federal Gov nel an extended time period during 6202 Dirksen Building ernment are established. which they may not work for defense 10:30 a.m. 6202 Dirksen Building contractors. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Human Resources 5302 Dirksen Building To hold a business meeting. To mark up S. 1303, authorizing funds MAY 20 235 Russell Building for fiscal years 1978 through 1980 for 9:00a.m. 2:00p.m. t h e Legal Services Corporation; Black Energy and Natural Resources Human Resources Lung Benefits program legislation; and Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee To mark up s. 705, to revise and possibly other pending legislation. To hold oversight hearings on the im strengthen standards for the regula 4232 Dirksen Building plementation of the Wild Horses and tion of clinical laboratories; and S. MAY 13 Burros Act. 621, 945, and 1217, to establish guide 9:00a.m. 3110 Dirksen Building lines for regulating research relating Human Resources 10:00 a .m. to Recombinant DNA. To bold hearings on the nominations of Banking, Housing, and Urban Aft'airs 4232 Dirksen Building Peter G. Bourne, of the District of Co To continue hearings on S. 695, to im MAY 11 lumbia, to be Director, and Lee I. Do pose on former Federal procurement golotr, of Maryland, to be Deputy Di personnel an extended time period 9:00a.m. during which they may not work for Energy and Natural Resources rector, both of the Office of Drug Abuse Poiicy. defense contractors. To continue markup of proposed fiscal 5302 Dirksen Building year 1978 authorizat ions for ERDA. 4232 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. MAY23 9:30a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Atrairs 10:00 a .m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Consumer Affairs Subcommittee Bank!ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs Communications Subcommittee To continue hearings on H.R. 5294, S. To continue hearings on S. 695, to im To continue oversight hearings on the 656, S. 918, and S. 1130, to amend the pose on former Federal procurement broadcasting industry, including net Consumer Protection Act so as to pro personnel an extended time period work licensing, advertising, violence on hibit abusive practices by independent during which they may not work for TV, etc. debt collectors. defense contractors. 235 Russell Building 5302 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building Judiciary MAY 16 Select Indian Affairs Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on S. 905, the Central To continue oversight hearings on the Banking, Housing, and Urban Aft'airs Arizona Indian Tribal Water Settle etrectiveness or antitrust enforcement To hold oversight hearings on federally ment Acto! 1977. by the Justice Department and FTC. guaranteed loans to New York City. Room to be announced 2228 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Bullding MAY24 10:00 a.m. Select Indian Mairs 9:30a.m Banking, Housing, and Urban Aft'airs To hold hearings on S. 470 and S. 471, Select Small Business Consumer Aft'airs Subcommittee To resume hearings on alleged restric To resume hearings on H.R. 5294, S. 656, pertaining to lands on the Umatilla tive and anticompetitive practices in S. 918, and S. 1130, to amend the Con Indian Reservation, Oregon. the E'yeglass industry. sumer Protection Act so as to prohibit Room to be announced 424 Russell Building abusive practices by independent debt MAY 17 10:00 a.m. collectors. 10:00 a.m. Governmental Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building Appropriations Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, Rules and Administration Transportation Subcommittee and Management To mark up S. 1072, to establish a uni To hold hearings on proposed budget To resume hearings to review the proc versal voter registration program; S. estimates for fiscal year 1978 for DOT, esses by which accounting and audit 926, to provide for public financing of ing practices and procedures, promul to hear Secretary of Transportation gated or approved bV the Federal Gov primary and general elections for the AdlllllS. U.S. Senate; and the following bills ernment, are established. 1224 Dirksen Building 6202 Dirksen Bullding and messages to amend the Federal Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Election Campaign Act; S. 15, 105, 962, M.\Y25 966, 1320, and 1344, President's mes To continue oversight hearings on fed 9 :30a.m. sage dated March 22, and recommenda erally guaranteed loans to New York Select Small Business tions of the FEC submitted March 31. City. To continue hearings on '8J.leged restric 301 Russell BuUding 5302 Dirksen Building tive and anticompetitive practices in Veterans• Aft'airs MAY 18 the eyeglass industry. To mark upS. 1189, H.R. 3695, H.R. 5027, 10:00 a.m. 424 Russell Building and H.R. 5029, autbori~ing funds for Approprlattons Select Indian Affairs grants to States or const ruction of To hold hearings on S. 660, seeking an veterans health care facilities. Transportation Subcommittee agreement wit h the Cherokee, Choc 412 Russell BuUding To continue hearings on proposed budget taw, and Chickasaw Indian Tribes of estimates for fiscal year 1978 for DOT. Oklahoma for the purchase or lease of MAY 12 1224 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. their rights in the riverbed of the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Arkansas River. Judiciary Room to be announced Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee To continue oversight hearings on fed erally guaranteed loans to New York Veterans' Aft'airs To continue oversight hearings on the To hold hearings on S. 247, to provid& effectiveness of antitrust enforcement City. 5302 Dirksen Building recognation to the Women's Air Forces by the Justice Department and FTC. Service Pilots. 2228 Dirksen Building Governmental Atrairs Until noon 318 Russell Bullding 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting and Management 10:00 a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Select Small Business Consumer Affairs Subcommittee To resume hearings to review the proc To hold hearings on S. 807, to authorlz& To continue hearings on H.R. 5294, s. esses by which accounting and audit grants to assist individuals and small 656, B. 918, and B 1130, to amend the ing practices and procedures, promul business concerns in developing solar Consumer Protection Act so as to pro gated or approved by the Federal Gov energy equipment and energy-related hibit abusive practices by independ ernment, are established. inventions. ent debt collectors. 6202 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building / I 12616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1977 1:00 p.m. JUNE 6 JUNE 10 Governmental Affairs 10:00 a.m. 9:30a.m. Governmental Efficiency Subcommittee Select Indian Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings to receive testimony To hold oversight hearings on the In Science, Technology, and Space Subcom on a GAO study alleging inaccurate dian Education Reform Act (P.L. 93- mittee financial records of the Federal flood 638). To continue hearings on S. 421, to estab insurance program. Room to be announced lish a program to educate the publlc 1224 Dirksen Building JUNE 7 in understanding climatic dynamics. MAY26 10:00 a.m. 5110 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Select Indian Affairs To continue oversight hearings on the JUNE 13 Select Small Business 9:30a.m. To continue hearings on alleged restric Indian Education Reform Act (P.L. tive and anticompetitive practices in 93-638). Commerce, Science, and Transportation the eyeglass industry. Room to be announced Communications Subcommittee 235 Russell Building JUNE 8 To hold oversight hearings on the cable 10:00 a.m. 9:30a.m. TV system. Government3.l Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation 235 Russell Building Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Science, Technology, and Space Subcom JUNE 14 Management mittee 9:30a.m. To continue hearings to review the proc To hold hearings on S. 421, to establisn Commerce, Science, and Transportation esses by which accounting and audit a program to educate the public ln Communications Subcommittee ing practices and procedures, promul understanding climatic dynamics. To continue oversight hearings on the gated or approvi:!d by the Federal Gov 5110 Dirksen Building cable TV system. ernment, are established. JUNE 9 235 Russell Building 6202 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. Select Small Business Commerce, Science, and Transportation JUNE 15 To continue hearings on S. 807, to au Science, Technology, and Space Subcom 9:30a.m. thorize grants to assist individuals and mittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation small business concerns in developing To continue hearings on S. 421, to estab Communications Subcommittee solar energy equipment and energy lish a program to educate the public To continue oversight hearings on the related inventions. in understanding climatic dynamics. cable TV system. 424 Russell Building 5110 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building