IRISH V DEMOCRAT

Your County Results Special Edition Sinn Fein 4 Full Results S. MocBride 0 at a glance Inside Stories Dr. Browne 1 on the 7>oete

Map '//, TBhtu Yo /jnr THE PEOPLE Af/AA///, ntoy > VOICE THEIR '//[ ^C/Yelbx r ton // ImoivmA / /As ' I**' No*H / j s.m. A PROTEST \ S \ / I Coalition Hit for 18

MAyo IRISH DEMOCRAT REPORTER

MCa r« Ni WITH very little choice in front of them the Irish people have voiced their protest against unemployment, emigra- tion and the flabby policy of letting Britain away with partition. They voiced it in the only way they could. Every decent candidate who was sufficiently known to them has got Murphy, a native of the Coombe Ktutfitie /4>.|Y in. Dr. Browne, outspoken liberal area where his rally was held said d At WAY that if he couldn't stop unemploy- / > who was forced out of Fianna Fail by Mr. MacEntee who refused to ment at least he would expose the hypocrites who caused it. The un- stand if Browne stood, was elected f f WIOU.OW employed protest committee had well ahead %f MacEntee himself. the support of a number of busi- Browne's committee rooms were so nessmen who were alarmed at the lull of helpers that no more of the lall in population and its economic volunteers who crowded in could dangers. be accepted. In the small hours ' Although main credit for the enthusiasts (.'.imbed telegraph campaign belongs to the members poles and bridges, and plastered of the committee and the Dublin the constituency with "Stand by Trades 'Council, it is understood that the man behind the election Noel Browne" notices. was Mr. Peadar O'Donnell. RETIRE SINN FEIN /./Air^/CK The election of Dr. Browne should be a sign to MacEntee, if There would have been many he has any decency in him, to re- more Sinn Fein victories but for tire from public life. the cunning timing of the election, Mr. Sean MacBride. the first to by Mr. Costello. start the persecution of Dr. The electoral register was two Ff-l. Browne, was ignominiously de- years out of date and since a large f^. I feated in Dublin South-West. The proportion of Sinn Fein supporters Irish people showed they know the are under 23, its chances were proverb "fool me once, shame on correspondingly reduced. you: fool me twice, shame on me." The Government announced the Mr. MacBride will do no more galli- election (with Mr. Sean MacBride's vanting to Europe favouring t h e assistance) Just when it had Sinn nations with his bad advice. Fein's leading propagandists and The unemployed candidate in organisers safely under lock and CITY. Dublin South Central was elected. key. This event is unprecedented in The fact that Sinn Fein T.D.s A4 Results on Irish history. would abstain from attending the At his eve of poll rally he said Dail may also have reduced the Back Page We refuse to emigrate. We want vote, together with the natural a living in our own land." Mr. disinclination of voters to go all- out for very new and very young candidates. The successful winning of four seats was therefore very creditable UNEMPLOYED MAN WINS DUBLIN SEAT and shows how tired the people aie of the corrupt humbug of poli- EXT day at the count, Costello (Dev was asked if he d let them h i s position in a forthright polling day a long low tics as conducted for the past few had been elected And so had out of Jail to attend the Dail. He manner. luxurious car drew up at a N years. Dr Browne. Candidates who did said he wasn't risking it; they'd Part of the plot was to unship school in Sandymount. Who was Another progressive candidate to not yet know their fate clustered better stay inside!). So Dr. Noel Labour which had been utterly dis- secure hi* seat was Mr. Jack in it? It was the late Taoi6«ach, round to see what their chances Browne will have only one ally, credited. The last drop of advan- MacQuillan who this time stood as Mr. Costellu. were Sean MacEntee gnashed his but an able one for all that. tage had been squeezed out of its * * * an independent, having broken teeth and unashamedly stumped opportunist leaders who could now As he got out he bowed and away from the ludicrous rump of about champing with rage that his HAT is the story behind the be thrown on the scrap heap. scraped and gave a mellifluous w Browne refused to support this Clann na Poblachta. good morning" to two unem- hated rival had defeated him. Sean cabal that drove Browne out ot Fianna Fail'' It is the plot to plan It was felt that if at anv The Irish people showed they ployed men leaning up against a MacBride knew he was finished He unseat Dev and throw out Muloihy time there arose an opportunity to recognise honesty in politics. They post. It was polling day, the only was weeping in a corridor, all his fine political ambitions dashed by and make f.emass Taoi'cach of a implement it (for it is not even day he'd have been seen dead (Continued on Bark I'age) the commonsense ol the electorate "national Government Mnriti now quite dead) he would expose with them. Dr. Browne saw .Tar k Mill pin Dure is said to have been behind all the sorry intrigues as he did In he went, as thoy acknow- come in Impulsively he went over the plot, and certain elements of when he was Minister of Health of being plunged into the cold So the "old gang" decided lie must ledged him with a sly smile. to him and warmly shook his hand. the same east advised electors to water of isolation might bring not go up. "You deserve to be elected." said spoil t heir ballot pape: • I) u nt iin I aboiir to its senses. There would And what did they say? Browne, and you will lie elected national (iovei niiient neioss it De Valera scotched the national emerge a really dangerous opposi- They said "Wouldn't that fellow And when the two of us :irr in the II r sa d that Muleahv and De i.iovernment idea because he be- tion which in n few years time 1 lieved Fianna Fail would win any- would threaten the combined Kivc you the . . . ." no, we musn't Dai 1 togethe: . we'll show them " V; let a got wind of the tart that there v as room in the : enate lor way. and because it Fianna Fail force', of the two "Free State" print it; it is below the standard of Murphy was successful. The Sinn i hi m. n:i

AA/riAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAi^A4AAAt » * 000000000000000 00000000000000** Draft Conference * o KELLY 0 » IRISH DEMOCRAT 0 0 » o THE BOY FROM KILLAN 0 Resolution » 13 Lambs Conduit Passage, London, W.C.I o 0 SHADOW 0 0 IN June, 1956, John Lang was de- » All communications to— Subscription Rates : 0 WHAT'S the news? What's the news'.' O my bold 0 • prived of his job in Imperial * With your long-barrelled gun of the sea'.' [Shelmalier Published to help discussion » The Editor: • 6 months 4/- 0 O Chemical Industries through the in- OF THE SECRET POLICE * 0 Say what wind from the sun blows his messenger here 0 tervention of the Secret Police. His INVENTS since the Birmingham Confer- 0 With a hymn of the dawn for the free? 0 J » DESMOND GREAVES 12 months 8/- fyy- *- ence of the Connolly Association have 0 "Goodly news, goodly news, do I bring. Youth of Forth : 0 accusers were the notorious M.1.5, * Advertisements: 10 - per column inch; or by arrangement 0 0 shown both the need for and the possibi- Goodly news shall you hear. Barg.v man ! Military Intelligence Dept. 5 and the lity of a great upsurge in its membership, 0 0 #aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa« For the boys march at morn from the South to the North. case was so blatant that people began PATRICK CLANCY activity and influence. Its work has be- 0 O 0 Led by Kelly, the Boy from Killanne !" O to wonder what this was like the come more necessary than ever. This is 0 medicBval vampire, nobody knowing clear from developments in three fields: 0 came evidence of opinions. This was the countries Britain imposed her rule on 0 "Tell me who is that giant with gold curling hair— 0 where it would strike next. 1. The Suez crisis showed not only that 0 0 origin of "guilt by association." from outside, is now becoming plain in THE MEN British Imperialism no longer occupies Its 0 He who rides at the head of your band ? 0 Scientists, technicians, even lawyers In When the Tories, traditional enemies Britain itself. former dominating position. It showed How Much 0 Seven feet is his height, with some inches to spare. 0 that there are forces in the world willing Government departments have good need of civil liberties came into power they Who are these secret police, who are ON THE 0 And he looks like a king in command !"— 0 and strong enough to check imperialist to worry. Mr. Lang's case caused great they responsible to? To nobody but them- 0 "Ah. my lads, that's the pride of the bold Shelmaliers. ruthlessly extended Labour's folly, and aggression and compel the solution of dis- 0 alarm, and now the "Campaign for the swept away the slight safeguards that selves seems to be the answer. Neither La- JOB 0 'Along our greatest of heroes, a Man .'— 0 putes by peaceful means. It follows from 0 0 limitation of the Secret Police" has re- existed. The Tory bloodhounds set up bour nor Tory Government will say who Longer ? Fling your beavers aloft and give three ringing cheers this that provided world peace is pre- controls them. There is no minister in 0 0 vealed that no less than 500 people have a commission of reactionary Privy Coun- served, the United Nations Organisation For John Kelly, the Boy from Killanne !" Parliament who can be questioned about VERY year when St. Patrick's day 0 0 been ruined lor certain, and possibly cillors, only part of whose report was strengthened, and the relaxation of inter- their activities. All that is known is that comes round again, Irish people 0 0 thousands more have fallen prey to this national tension resumed, the conditions Desmond Logan published as a white paper. they have unlimited powers. They are wonder how many more must pass before 0 Enniscorthy's in flames, and old Wexford is won. 0 organisation. Most of this report was kept secret, so for the solution of Ireland's national ques- 0 presumably connected with the War Ireland is united and free. New secretary of the West London And the Barrow to-morrow we cross. 0 as not to disclose the discreditable means tion will become increasingly favourable. 0 0 Their methods are brazen. In one case Office, but not responsible to any minis- branch of the Connolly Association i.s On a hill o'er the town we have planted a gun being used to get information and trap try. That is "Democracy" (1957 pattern). 2. The vital part played by the British Partition is here 37 years now, thirty- 0 That will batter the gateways of Ross ! 0 the entire personnel files of the .staff of Labour movement in checking the Ed«n Dundalk-born Desmond Logan, an Ulster- 0 their victims. This was in principle the Recently the secret police have been seven years of hardship, overwork for 0 an establishment were taken away with- Government's aggression shows that the man by adoption. Active Trade Unionist 0 All the Forth men and Bargy men march o'er the heath. very active among the Irish population in some, unemployment for others, and a 0 same as the "Inquisition" of mediaeval British working class can become a reli- 0 With brave Harvey to lead on the van ; out permission. Secret police are per- Britain. Cases have come to the notice of constant stream of emigration. and strike-leader in the turf camps he 0 Europe. But even in what was published able ally of peoples seeking their indepen- 0 But the foremost of all in the grim Gap of Death mitted to roam around the departments, the Connolly Association where Irishmen joined the A.E.U. on settling in England 0 it. was clear that the doctrine of "Guilt by dence. Conditions in Britain are becoming Political movements, great and small, 0 Will be Kelly, the Boy from Killanne! selecting those whom they think would be who had been living in Britain for some and was one time sec- 0 Association" was being extended. This more favourable for winning the Labour 0 prepared to inform on their colleagues years found that enquiries were being splinter groups down to one man in num- retary of the Birming- 0 means for example that if your wife is a movement to demand the withdrawal of 0 0 and superiors. made about them by agents of the Irish bers (the fewer are in it the more sure ham Branch of the But the gold sun of Freedom grew darkened at Ross. British troops from Ireland's six north- 0 "Communist" or you know somebody who miliary intelligence—disguised sometimes they are that they alone have the truth) Connolly Association. 0 eastern counties, and the opening of talks 0 And it set by the Slaney's red waves ; 0 Money is lavishly spent. There are din- is one, then you may find yourself tapped as journalists. These low creatures were breakaway parties, and new departures by Athlone man Pat Kear- for the settlement of outstanding ques- 0 And poor Wexford, stript naked, hung high on a cross, 0 ner parties, and every kind ol bait is held on the shoulder by the gum-shoe opera- carrying out the work of their British tions in connection with a united inde- the dozen, all have come and gone, but ney, widely known as 0 And her heart pierced by traitors and slaves ! 0 tors. political masters who must have handed out to entice people into the world's low- pendent Ireland. partition and emigration still remain. the "barbarous barber 0 Glory O ! Glory O ! to her brave sons who died 0 over complete dossiers of their life wliile est occupation, that of the informer. Once, Even if you know somebody who WAS What's the reason for it? of Collins Wood" is 0 0 in Britain. 3. The revival of Sinn Fein and the un- For the cause of long-down-trodden man ! on the basis ol this kind of work, the a Communist and has since given it up, employed agitation within Ireland, irre- putting in a double 0 Owing to the I.R.A. activities ol the past The reason is as plain as the nose on the 0 Glory O ! to Mount Leinster's own darling and pride- secret police have decided on their vic- still the latal message may come. And il spective of any political philosophies or effort as socials secre- 0 year, police agents have been attending face of the person reading this paper. 0 Dauntless Kelly, the Boy from Killanne ! g tactics with which the Association would tary; his St. Patrick's tim, he will usually lose his job, but in you attempt to challenge the secret police Irish dance halls and public houses Ire- O not necessarily agree, signifies that The reason is that we have put last other cases will have his chances ol pro- by asking what evidence is there that such quented by Irish people. The general tech- an night ball is expected 0 P. J. McCALL. increasing number of Irish people, and things first, and first things last. We 0 motion destroyed, and lose his salary in- a person is a Communist, you will be told nique is to get into conservation with the to be an event to talk especially the youth are demanding have allowed our legitimate and under- 0 creases. the secret police is the sole judge ol what lads and pretend to be great champions ol an P. KEARNEY about for years. 000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000 alternative to the present system of parti- standable differences upon what Ireland constitutes Communism. As Ben Levy said Irish independence. Great play is made tion, restricted national development, un- sHould be like after she is free to get in the Such men and women are penalised in "Tribune," any opponent of the Tories with national sentiment and the unsus- employment and emigration. They arc without any open charge being brought pecting victim is entrapped into saying way of our co-operation on things that is a Communist to the secret police. looking for a speedy way out. that the only way to end partition is by can be done to free it. We have permitted against them. The informers who de- The person suspected will not even be lorce. or otherwise openly to declare his In every field, therefore, circumstances things on which we disagree to hinder co- nounce them are unknown to them. The told who has informed against him. He are favourable for the expansion and belief in physical lorce. They hope some operation on things where we agree. secret police act as judge, jury and execu- will not be able to question him, even il success of the struggle for the unity and tioner, and the person convicted is not will take them into their confidence and Disunity is a curse. Yet we foster it it is ail a pack of lies! Even the witness is they will be able to build up their dossiers independence of Ireland, as a means for even present at his own trial. The process every day among us. The only result of hidden from the accused. This means if and they are paid to catch people, guilty setting the country free to tackle and it is that there are not enough people to of law which is the right of murderer, sex- somebody wants your job, all lie has to do or not. The ordinary policeman on his solve the social and economic probl(t*ns which are at the root of present difficul- get the start made, and as a result none criminal or blackmailer is denied a man is to turn "informer" (or "inventor") say beat knows he will get into severe trouble ties. of us ever get near the finish. who is innocent—for if he was guilty he he saw you liaving a drink with a man il he arrests a man on insufficient evi- Surely that is hypocrisy run riot. Sir and that the tremendous new energy of The work of the Connolly Association is could be brought into a k.w court in the dence. The secret police have no need to Can we not allow for a moment that the John Harding. Governor ol Cyprus has a hydrogen and atomic development is de- who associated with Communists, and centred in Britain, the heart of the im- light of day! worry; they strike against their victim's Irish are a PEOPLE, not a set of robots BRITAIN'S voted to industrial purposes. out you go. perialist system, and here the main ob- record in Malaya and in Cyprus that hor- livelihood. Money is lavishly spent buying all thinking alike. We will never THINK rifies decent-minded people At a time when all of Europe is suffer- What is the purpose ot this? This dirty Blackmail, perjury, and every kind ol drink on such occasions, and the unwary stacle to progress is the present Conserva- alike. In any case what special virtue For him anything appears to be justi- ing from luel shortage as a result of the stool-pigeon, cut-throat and coppers' nark victim has committed himself before he tive Government. Not only is this Gov- business which is by slow degrees turning is there in thinking alike? We have yet SHAME criminal Anglo-French Suez policy, for is being officially encouraged in Britain knows where he is. ernment the open advocate of colonialism fied il he thinks it will perpetuate imper- Britain into a "police state." It began with and imperialism in all forms, but il: is to hear it. Britain to destroy an energy in the* H- to-day. Going and coming back on the Irish ialist rule. It would be no effort for Hard- the Labour Government yielding to Ameri- now engaged in a class struggle the object bomb test equivalent to that of over 10 Suppose one ot these stool-pigeons mail boats at holiday times, police But if we can't and don't want to think by ing to take a small pogrom in his stride ! can pressure to bring in "thought-control" of which is the weakening of democratic agents have even been known to pre- alike can we not in heaven's name ACT No wonder Mr. Noel-Baker ignored the million tons of coal is sheer lunacy. against lel't-minded people. Thus was in- fancies an Irishman's job in the Gov- and working people, both economically sent themselves as members of religious TOGETHER? Colonial Secretary's trap and said he was troduced a principle negating all previous ernment service, then he will say he and politically. It is trying to reduce Mv- CATCHING UP organisations to disarm suspicion as only saying that the accusations were be- saw him with an I.R.A. man in the Irisn ing standards through credit restriction, Take an example. On Easter Sunday in PAT DEVINE Ordinary men and women in Britain, notions ol British justice -the principle they collect names and addresses under Club. .No need to prove the companion fiscal policies, deliberate creation of un- London the Connolly Association will hold lieved in Cyprus and elsewhere in the ol "guilt by association." the pretence of "putting you in touch QEDAN KIMATHI, legendary including the hundreds of thousands of employment, and a "Rent Bill" wh.cli a meeting. If the weather is average it world. WAS an I.R.A. man —the man is con- with your local church." Irish immigrants are beginning to assert would put back the clock 40 years, and is will be attended by 1,000, or 1,^00 Irish- leader of the Kenya African The "Emergency" in Cyprus must lie This principle would mean that you are demned without trial. A campaign lias now been launched to themselves against the brutal colonial op- simultaneously nibbling at the provisions peoples, striving for elementary dem- not judged by what you do but b\ whom For the first time in the histon ol Bri- limit the power of the secret police. It. has men. Its speakers will call for a campaign ended; British forces must be withdrawn; pression with which they are being asso- of political democracy while the employers you know. II you know a burglar you may tain. Parliament has been asked to en its committee Lalxuir M.P.s, members to end partition and explain the need for ocratic rights has,been hanged. Archbishop Makarios and the other poli- ciated. openly attack the basis of trade union be taken up lor tlielt, and the lad that official sanction to the pernicious system (it the legal profession, writers, artists, making it clear to the British public that This outrage climaxes five years of un- tical detainees must be released. practice. These Tory measures afi j-ct Connolly's principle—the right of all you know a burglar is evidence against scientists, technicians and civil servants Ireland unfree will never be at peace. precedented brutality in which the White Only in this way can the tragedy of of the political discrimination. It is to re- British and Irish workers alike and should nations to self-determination—is virtually They have put forward five points Throughout all England the Assooiation Cyprus be ended and the people enabled you, though you may never have known ii" written nun the law ol the land. Tin- be resisted by both. Pooh bah planters, according to official universally accepted by the working class. mound which they art- campaigning. Any WAS a burglar. Under these American- Tories want a people whose mind- an- The fact that the selfsame party will be holding similar meetings. figures, have killed 10.519 Africans and to get to grips with the question of de- The majority of the people are smarting section of the population which is as vul- which pressured security regulations ol 1048 it filled with leal', mutual suspicion and mi.- - is responsible for the imposition and On the same day another organisation still hold without charge another 30,000. veloping as free and democratic Cyprus nerable to discrimination as are the Irish under the shame of Tory Governmental became possible to penalise a man lor maintenance of partition, as an integral will probably have a march through Kimathi, attended at his own request by in unity with Greece if that is their wish. trust, where refusal to inform may brim; hould give every support to those who policy which they know they cannot part of its militarist imperialist policy, is London and that also will be well- holding "Marxist" opinions. Since M :.s guilt automatically on yonrsell. where an- striving to cut out this canker from a Catholic priest all during the night be- H-BOMB TESTS escape so long as the Tories are in power. also responsible for the attack on the IJJV- attended. Its speakers will explain the evils hard to establish what opinions a man self-respect is a treasonable thing. The the hie of Britain They deserve the sup- fore his execution made the mistake ol Flouting world opinion, and specific In the first Parliamentary election since K'ontinued oil Page Seven) of partition. The only object in having a holds, evidence ol "whom he knows" be- lace ol Imperialism, so long displayed in port ol all lovers ol liberty. taking British Imperialism at its word. march in London can be to explain to the Japanese protests, the British Govern- Mr. Harold Macmillan became Premier an It had been announced that Africans British people that Ireland unfree will ment decided to carry out its H-Bomb test Irishman, Mr. Neil McDermott won a seat never be at peace—the same object as the who surrendered with their arms would be in the Pacific. lor Labour which the Tories had hitherto Connolly Association meeting. released after examination. As the only nation in the world to have considered safe. But the Connolly Association will say That i.s precisely what Dedan Kimathi been atom-bombed Japan was the scene This is the writing on the wall. CONNOLLY ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE that in order to overthrow British rule in did. of universal alarm before the test took It can mean a more speedy change of Ireland the revolutionary spirit of the But once in .the hands of the authorities place. Government than at first seemed possible thing that doe., not lead to that is wasting working class is essential, and that to keep HE Connolly Association holds its Lon- but not only by that. i ioi tage of labour began. he was manacled, charged with carrying With vivid memories, not only of the when Macmillan was appointed. these precious two days which will go too the benefits of a free Ireland from being T don Conference on March 30th and Fourth, the Association conducts regular BUT, if the struggle sharpens, NOW, a gun (punishable by death under the horror and destruction caused in Hiro- The people are catching up. Wherever activity m London. Manchester, Liver- quickly a it is. misused, that class must hold a premier 31st at the highest point of influence and lor the first time since the death of Emergency Regulations) refused the right shima and Nagasaki, but also of the dread- one looks one sees movement for freedom pool and Birmingham, and less regu- Here are some questions: place. The others will say that they want prestige attained in its history. Parnell, the Irish in Britain have their to appeal to the Privy Council and then ful effects of the recent United States tests —Africa, Malaya, Cyprus and in Ireland lar but no less visible work m a num- own organisation, and paper. The Con- How can we get active branches ol the to revive the principles of the men of How dare we make so bold as to claim executed. in the Pacific, the peoples of Japan were too. ber ot other centres. The four mam nolly Association is for two things: Connolly Association in the sirw '98 and '67. They will also quote Connolly, ier CYPRUS, TOO! No longer does the Imperialist slander tins? centres cover half the Irish in Biitain We arc for Ireland. towns? the great exponent of working class hoarding tinned food because of fear that struggle, while the Connolly Association First, that it is accepted by the majority Fifth, through years ol work the Associa We are for the working man. How can we ensure that every budd- An Australian Labour MP., Mr. D. A. the foods would be dangerously "radio of labelling patriotic liberation fighters as wilt refer to the Fenians and United ol Irish people in Britain a the sole lion has built up a compact leadership And in the struggle we think is coming, ing site and local job has supplies of t^e Dunstan and Professor K. D. Buckley, of active" after the explosion. terrorists, pass unchallenged. Irishmen. centre round which to group the of experienced menibi rs, representing we will put those two principles where we Irish Democrat"? Sydney University, reported to a Press Scientists are convinced that these tests It is more and more being seen that struggle for their national and rm. all parts of Ireland, and many always put them in the front. How can we harness the "mooile Irish- So beoause two organisations, with the Conference in London that 900 people arc will so increase radio-activity over Japan the terrorists are in fact the Imperialists, object of getting Ireland free and keeping nomic interests II there i another, different walks ol l.le. Tiie welding til man" (long-distance, short-distance, or being held in Cyprus detention camps as It) have the most serious effects on striving with might and main and using such diverse elements .nto a united the benefits of freeing it, do not see eye where is it? medium) to take our message through without charge or trial. future generations in that country. the most brutal methods to maintain their di'tei miniHl band ol enthusiasts, at a ' 111 iK Conlerence now coming oil has the length and breadth of England? to eye on things that are, at any rate, not Second, all attempts to brand or smear it. In the House of Commons, Mr Jame.^ One of the dilemmas of Imperialism, domination. even with the full influence of the Fine lime when many were i early to si-t ' pleiit-, on us plate It is not likely to How can we get a quicker reaction to immediate, there will be two demonstra- Callaghan, Labour M.P.. accused the however, is that the radio active clouds The movement in the colonies for free- Gael Government behind them, have intrigues afoot to split, contuse unci be .i gn at policy-making conference. The the events which crowd in on us rtay tions. Government of enforcing a totalitarian dom,'united with the growing resentment uffered utter and ignominious lailure. divert, is a most encouraging achieve Birmingham Conlerence was outstanding after day? Yet if the Connolly Association and the can be blown hither and thither and the In London, the Connolly Association me lit lot that 'I he things prophesied at the How can we multiply tenfold oil' :m- others issued a joint appeal for a single regime by force ol arms. Imperialist nations themselves become at policy in the Metropolis can bring down enjoys the confidence of the Irish * * * Birmingham Continence are now happen- pact on the Labour movement? demonstration (the Connolly Association "A free press in Cyprus is being sup- victims ol their own crimes. the Tory Government and give the people working people, and the well-to-do what now? Is everything liunkey- ing. Ilir- polii'v worked out m Birming- What forms of unity are possible be- would risk being tainted with alleged pressed." he said. Since Archbishop Mak- Sanity and self-preservation demand a chance. Irishmen everywhere should doctors, would-be Embassy snobs and > ' dory? Far from it. the job i: only ham has .stood the test The real problem tween Irish organisations in Britain and terrorism, if the others would risk being arios was deported something like 180 that these inhuman tests shall be ended support this movement. lodging house proprietors gnash then- beginning. acting on it now the need and the how can wo break down prejiwice tainted by the bogey of Communism), the Cypriots, British servicemen and police- entire Irish population of London would teeth in impotent rage. The days when British imperialism is going into a -luup r han.'e are both here against united action? men had lost their lives. thrill in response. Can we not say "I don't they could organise hoodlums to deny decline Ireland's chances of unity and Delegates to tills conleicnce have a great How can we ensure that the Irish IssJe Racial riots between Turks and Cypriots responsibility The conference is an op- LOOMS LARGE in the affairs of care how you propose to tackle the NEXT the Connolly Association a hearing freedom are rising every day. But Im- (reminiscent of the Belfast Pogromsi ac- HAVE YOU READ have gone. It would be no use deny- perialism in decline is not a nice spectacle, [Kirtunity to get together and secure a Britain? job as long as you'ro with mc on this one"? cording to Mr. Noel-Baker. M.P.. for Swin- ing a hearing the Irish have heard, file dying cat can give nasty .scratches unity ol will in action. Let us have neither How can we overcome the hesitation // and they're not deaf. They KNOW There will be great efforts made to make wild-cat schemes, nor unproductive belly- of our thousands of supporters who After all the Fenians supported Parncll don. have occurred in Nicosia and Fama- the Connolly Association is putting up the working man carry the can for Im- aching. Let us all speak our minds, but know we are right but just don't t«el and participated in the Land League. Co- gusta and are generally considered to THE IRISH CASE AGAINST a fight in their Interests even if perialist crimes and blunders, [xissiblv a pay our fellow delegates the compliment confident enough that itreally CAN BE operation does not do away with have been instigated by the British auth- they are not prepared Just to take part slump, shortage of work, and big class ol making sine we know what is IN our DONE? differences. But it multiplies the effective- orities. themselves now struggles. minds before we leap on to the rostrum. Tlin.se are only some of the questions ness of what is agreed on. Mr. Lennox-Boyd, the Colonial Secre- PARTITION"? And If anybody Mfcs what Is the joint Third, the circulation of the "Irish Demo- This sort of thing has happened before Let us haul down no flags, but let us have One of the answers will be to mount a tary. took strong exception to this charge summer offensive which will put all our demand to put forward on sueb a day? From All Price: crat" is higher tlian it ever was before; The Irish in Britain in 1932 were caught no extravagant demonstrations Let Uie and hoped Mr. Noel-Baker would my it never were- such high figures main- on the hop. Factories put up notices "No conference be above all calm, practical past campaigns into the shade. The- hitII Til* answer is dear. Tfis RepuWfc of IMS 1/- (1/2 by po*Y was a monstrous and scurrilous sugges- Democrat Setters tained through a winter as 1956-57, Irish need apply . ." and they didn't and business-like. There is a job to be is at our feet We must lilt our leg* now ar-set out In the prooUnmtton Is as gootf helped no doubt by the mild weather, come down till war broke out and the done, we want the best way to do it. Any- and give the kick of a lifetime. a starting point as any. tion. THE IRISH DEMOCRAT March 1957 March 1957 BETTER BE A POLITICIAN HOW TO UNDERSTAND THE ! POLITICIANS! YOURSELF He " Y> -i'.; tix t: "THE greatest slanging match cf ail ,\:ui 'is :''- hard !•• -;> :v ::!•• h< uiN .: : inks us ii i cjun'.r. has •> • run .>,-me * time was between Daniel O'Con- vwc. and •• ov. can'! -a- ".ino! !>':: the p.'.i- will it not lead to drawing the teeth ncll and Widow Moriarty. Ii anybody imagines that voting soiKe- of that Labour man's opposition? Almost, ELECTION l:i'i:'iis" ju.-t I'.ke that bod\ into the Hail or the British Parlia- without knowing it he will come to think ings to the foibles of single men. tion? Is it the twenty-six county army? I> Sin- win] though k< -d Ik-!' by While there are puo!:.' > which ment alone will ensure that he does has of the Tory as a "decent fellow" and That said, what can the Irish people it a guerilla, force? Or is it the working .:!iu tt. the dictmnai'v and railing her there always will be. m eur tune, anyway job. he is making a mistake. MacBride forget the Toryism, which is an iniquitous hope from the forthcoming election? Let class political movement? The Sinn Fein "parallt^iuram " So didn't knmv there'll be taxes While there are poli- had a part ot the truth, all right. Parlia- system ol legalised robbery. ns say frankly, not much immediately. programme rather suggests the first. But, kn"\v what it was. - -he couldn't tic, there'll be politicians. The only ment is continually surrounded by cor- There is not much doubt the coalition It is easy to stand a man a drink when perhaps they will not cross their bridges answer him. question is what purpose do the.v serve? rupting influences. In Ireland there is is not going to form the next Government, you've the money to do it. That's your before coming to them. But it the contest had happened to- The biggest revolutionaries on earth, what Father O'Flanagan called the "man unless Sinn Fein takes away more seats THE programme also pledges itself to of influence" who "does things for people" "decent fellow." We have them in Ireland day she need have had no tear. The once they were successful and constituted from Fianna Fail than Fianna Fail wins "end poverty and insecurity." Poverty and "arranges things." Then there are too. tables would have been turned it' she'd themselves the government, would just from the coalition parties. This seems un- and insecurity are an inseparable part of HAVE TO BE politicians. And because the the moneyed gentry who have such a low likely. capitalism. Though there is no doubt im- used one word on him. opinion of their fellow men that they A LL this means that we must not con- people know that, they want to know not x 1 DE VALERA W. NORTON S. MACBRIDE R. COSTELLLO Unlikely or not, however, it is a possi- provements can be made, especially under Hissed oni with all the fury with which think if they buv a bottle of champagne fuse politics with Parliaments and only the MEANS by which people propose elections. There are men in Hyde Park "W/HAT a mad* election !" said pected to suffer a change of heart are the bility that has to be taken into account. an Irish capitalist administration freed a Frenchman .says "Assassin-" when you and stand them a five-guinea dinner to come to power, they want to know what who say they do not believe in politics, working class unionists who are in con- Suppose there is insufficient majority for from outside control, interference and ex- tread on his toe in the street, she could they'll vote the devil into paradise. In ** somebody, "What is it all they would do when they got there and and yet engage in it every Sunday of their tinuous conflict with the capitalists of stable Government? What then? ploitation, there is no doubt that while have rejoined "Politici.ui!" That would Britain, added to this, there is aristocratic about ?" The reason why it was pre- how to keep them to their promises. lives. Politics is the means of adapting shipyard, factory and mill. But if tpe there are landlords, they will squeeze their have finished him. * * * snobbery. It is sad but true, but there cipitated is one thing; what it is all , l^INE GAEL has revived its old demand social purposes to social ends. It there- capitalist system is sacred, then the twenty tenants; while there are employers they are intelligent men in this country who fore goes on all the time. Even talking ' lor a coalition with Fianna Fail. The For the Irish people to-day, at home T"17"HEN Clann na Poblachta was being about is another. six county parties are deprived of their will nibble at wages and conditions; while hold their tongues about their own be- can be action. A climate of public opinion, president is said to be in favour of merging arid abroad, are sick, tired, weary and ' ' started up, Sean MacBride gave a Sean MacBride's splinter group precipi- most useful argument. They could appeal there are ranchers and cattle-dealers, they liels, but mouth platitudinous inanities on a feeling created that the people want the two parties. But this would expose the morning-after-the-night-before of speech at Foster Place. Dublin. tated it by tabling a motion of no con- to the northern Ireland worker over the will hold their land and strike their price television with one object in mind—that this, or won't stand for that, is a most thirty-five years of humbug. It is thought politicians. They think they are the low- fidence. He had played republican when head of his Government. But not on the There are many admirable points in the Somebody asked him how the electorate in 1965 they may appear on the New Year's important factor. It can be the straw preferable to form a "National Govern- est form of life, halfway between the trilo- that breaks a government's back. The republicanism was on the upgrade; he basis of capitalism. He has got capitalism Sinn Fein programme, but it suffers from were to know he would stick to his pro- Honours List! ment" in which Labour would participate. bite and the earthworm. mises. He gave the wrong answer, and demonstrations on Trafalgar Square in joined the interparty Government when it already, and though not a powerful social- After having joined the coalition to keep the weakness that it is not explained in * t- •'.• November spelled Eden's doom: indeed was on the downgrade, backed Fine Gael ist (being too parochial) he sees no reason what precise manner the reforms advo- suffered for it. There is a system of corruption around out the wicked Fianna Fail, Mr. Norton 'CHE case against politicians is well (though he doesn't think it) they have from outside the Government when people to change from one set of capitalists to cated are to be achieved. There is no He said that all political parties when every assembly which sits in a society made the pilgrimage to Canossa, with pro- ' drawn up, and they'd need a Phila- already spelled Macmillan's. Yet what saw through the humbug of Clann na another. hint that the existing property relations returned to power tended to become cor- where individuals or groups, aristocrats or posals to Mi'. MacEntee for a coalition with delphia lawyer to wriggle themselves out happened but that a lot of people walked Poblachta after the Dr. Browne case, and (which were after all as much introduced rupt. He advised his hearers to vote for corporations, possess the power to confer about talking and listening to speeches. This is the crux of the dilemma of the fount of all that wickedness! ol it. They are nothing but talkers. They now he felt he would have to take care not by Britain as the union jack) will be sub- the Clann; but when it became clear that wealth and opportunity on whom it suits twenty-six county nationalism. Separate The obstacle is said to be shrewd, elder- leather their own nests. They get jobs for Yet the Government seemed to think to be dragged down with Fine Gael's im- jected to any alteration whatever. And they were going back on their promises, them. the national question from the social ques- statesman De Valera. He sees a little their friends it doesn't matter what you this dangerous and set the horse police pending ruin. because there is no hint of this, there is to kick them out again. Which they did. tion and from that minute on. NOTHING further than the youngsters and can know, it's whom you know. And look at This does not mean that politicians need on them—which then made it into an MacBride, the clever opportunist, has no hope held out to the Belfast worker. And now everything is where it was! consciously international incident. (The poor sillies!) CAN BE DONE. You are banjaxed! imagine the whole structure of the politi- the state the country's in. and the. County * * * be corrupt. The seeds are sown * • # turned his political coat in and out many The Sinn Fein have come up against just too subtly for that. Political corruption ^JO twenty-six county policy is reduced to cal system breaking up. If Labour finally Council promised to ta: that strip of road times. His fundamental ideas are in no y the difficulty which hamstrings the action "V17"HICH raises the question—is there OLITICS goes on all the time every- a state of hand to mouth opportunism. admits it is not labour; if Fianna Fail ten years ago. and moral and financial corruption are way different from those of Fine Gael, and of the older parties. They are up against " ' any way to keep them to their not the same thing—yet suppose a Tory P where. The big companies in this Perhaps if a strong socialist-republican admits it is identical with Fine Gael, it in theory now; though they may not William Butler Yeats, the poet, once country have files in their offices to hold that may as well be faced. The reason he promises? does a Labour man some small service on party had grown up it could have broken would this not in the long run make the come up against it iji practice for some stood (so I'm toldi as Fine Gael candidate the correspondence which passes between caused the election was not a change of through the tangle. But it didn't. formation of a new opposition party inevi- Of course there is: but it's the way the the side (which between social equals years. in Sligo-Leitrim. Of course he hadn't a them and the Conservative Central Office. heart—he still argues for a coalition—but table? Would not Sinn Fein, perhaps career politician doesn't like talked about. would pass without comment) how often The writer has seen them. This coalition solved the problems of political idea in his head, though he was fear that too close an identification with defeated temporarily, even banned, out- Are they any better than the others, Ireland no more than the last, or Fianna the finest poet of the 20th century in the A huge organisation is kept up to keep Fine Gael would deprive him of the ability lawed and jailed, thereafter gather up all then? That is for the electorate to decide. Fail. Because in order to solve the prob- English language. Tory politicians "on the party line" and to contribute a few Clann votes for the the stray threads of discontent into its Their advantage is that they are mostly (incidentally) to try to get the Labour lems of Ireland two things are wanted: He had a strange programme—"abolish SAUCE FOR GOOSE AND GANDER upkeepof Fine Gael. hand and end by being the winner that young, and vigorous, if inexperienced. ones off theirs! First; The reunification of the country taxation," he said, "and we'd have no As De Valera said, the coalition go in as "swiped the pool"? Their association in the public mind with £AP4TALISM stands for private The atmosphere of "do what big busi- opposing parties, and people vote for one and the pooling of the resources of more trouble anywhere in Ireland." The Will Dev be able to hold his party? Will the I.R.A. means that favours and emolu- ^ property, they say. Socialism By ness wants" is carefully, consistently and north and south. shrewd farmers of the district would go a and against the other. But when they get ments do not come their way. They are continuously built up not only round the advocates of the new departure be long way to get rid of taxation. But they stands for abolishing private property, into the Dail their votes are all added— Second: An end to restrictive capitalism free of the small-minded corruption of the Westminster, but at every centre of focal prepared to push matters to an issue? To didn't vote for him. they go on. Private property is a God- Our Political Chef whereas the electorate would be entitled to which allows private vested interest government, every regional board, and in a great extent that depends on Sinn Fein. other parties, at any rate at present. It They felt that taxes were a necessary given right, they add. sands of workers had their private pro- expect they would be subtracted! Keep to block economic development, in a is their activity, determination, and perty taken off them. It is even now the "nationalised" (moryah) industries. Labour has so completely abandoned the evil; the only question was. how was the blue out—vote black, vote white! Then word socialism. honesty which may earn them a substan- And then they wind up with the tri- (some of it) lying in the pawnshops And what are you going to do about pretence to be a working class party that black- and white join up with never a Each part of Ireland has got only half money raised in taxes to be used? umphant conclusion, THEREFORE so- that? the "Irish Times" lists the nominations tial number of "protest votes" which do where the credit squeeze made them an economy to manage. It is as if a farm cialism is wicked, and capitalism is put it. How, then, can it be said capi- blush. under two headings: Fianna Fail, and not necessarily mean acceptance of their was cut in two, all the cows being in one good! talism protects private property? ERE'S what to do. Take a leaf out Fianna Fail did not want the election. "Coalition." This leaves Sinn Fein as the rather woolly economic theories. of the new farms, and all the milking How many of us have not heard this H of the book of the other side, and They were then forced to table their own sole recourse of the rebel, except for the F they were able to convert themselves GO RAIBH MAITH When the small farmer finds the cost machines in the other. The first farm syllogism, as such an argument can be of machinery, fertiliser, seed, and taxa- keep working-class activity in continuous censure motion. The Government did not "unemployed" candidate in South Central into an all-embracing democratic re- must milk by hand or drive the cows a mile I AGAIBH called? tion too much for him what does he do? session. Keep at your MP. (Tory or wait for it. They decided to dissolve the Dublin who is confining himself to one publican party they might yet do Ireland or two away to be milked. The second TN January we sent out an appeal for He has to sell up his farm and emigrate. Labour)—try to keep the Labour man on Dail. demand namely "work" and thus in effect untold good. This would mean a breach The peculiarity of such an argument is the right road, and try to push the Tory farm must scrap its machines or bring ' cash to circularise every Labour M.P. He has lost his private property. That's leaving the initiative to the new Govern- with much that is traditional, but such that the conclusion follows IF the OFF his road. (IV! OW why was the coalition in such a cows in from elsewhere to be milked. and Labour Party in Britain with a copy capitalism. That happens in the country ment, probably Fianna Fail. changes have been known before. The premises are right. Let's take another where capitalism is supposed to be good bad state? Fundamentally the reason What a crazy set-up! of our pamphlet "The Irish Case Against If every business concern has its politi- police powers by which their members are example. and socialism wicked. And of course it our is economic. There are two underlying T remains to be asked, how are Sinn Partition." So far we have enough cash cal department—let us have political It hasn't worked; it couldn't work. And jailed and searched are the same capital- happens elsewhere. Capitalism looks after department. If they walk in to see their assumptions which have been handed from J Fein shaping up to their new responsi- in to cover sending it to the M.P.s, and it One: Snow is a black liquid. if it just limps by when world conditions ist police powers that are used against the capitalist's property, and takes the M.P.s let us walk in to see our M.P.s— Fine Gael to Fianna Fail and back again bilities? has stirred up considerable controversy, Two: Black liquids boil in frosty are easy, when things get hard, it's just worker's off him! you can go and "lobby" whenever the since 1922. They are; They are offering 20 candidates against strikers and tenants due for eviction. The stimulated by the lobby of Parliament weather. too bad for Ireland. prejudice that squeezes them out of em- * • , m House is in session; it is your right as a First: Nothing can be done about par- Labour's 27. The United Irishman has held last month. THEREFORE: Snow boils in winter- Forced by partition to be dependent on ployment for republicanism comes from r resident. Tell them what we want done. appeared again and publishes a lengthy time. PHE Socialist wants the worker to have tition until either the six county Britain, what happens to the twenty-six May we renew our appeal, this time to The powerful network of Labour or- election manifesto. In the forefront is the same capitalist source as that which IF the first two statements are true, J- more wages, and thus more private unionists or the British suffer a counties when Britain's economy plunges cover the local parties? We want to see ganisations can have just the same type put the need for reuniting Ireland and winkles out militants under pretence they then the final statement is also true. property—a nicer house, carpets on the change of heart. into the red? The credit squeeze is passed that it's done soon while the iron is hot, floor, better food, more comforts of every of effect as the network of big business. securing administrative independence. The are "red agitators" in a workshop. To Second: That the capitalist system is on. When Britain feeds her people on so speed your donations in, all of you who kind. The socialist wants the great majo- It can press the politicians in the right economic bonds which tie Ireland's policy discover how to conduct a struggle every BUT HERE'S THE SNAG. direction. founded on a Divine right, and must cheap Argentine beef, what happens to the forgot to send last time, please. rity of the people to have more private to that of the "British financial system" day against the reaction tha^ is before Capitalism does not NOT stand tor not be tinkered with in any way what- Irish commodity? When world competi- Very many thanks to: J. and C. Phoenix property than ever in their lives before. That is why the Connolly Association are to be broken so as to give economic in- you, without losing sight of, indeed as a private property. soever. tion brings cattle and dairy products down 10/-, Eileen P. Herlihy 1/6, Ivy H. Herlihy He wants to industrialise Ireland, and urges the Irish to organise—join the trade dependence. The party would not enter the means to approach, the ultimate goal, is Socialism does NOT stand tor abolish- New the only unionists within the six in price, and world shortage puts industrial 2/6, L. Aiken £1, J. E. Daly £1, M. Brennan make the farmer's life a life of plenty, not unions, and the working class political Dail as a minority; and since only 20 can- the great need for all who want to change ing private property. parties—join which you choose, but try to counties which could conceivably be ex- equipment up in price, what happens to 5 -, B. Tyrrell 5/-, E. Fox 2/6, Z. Shoen- a life of toil, to give him more private pro- didates are to be offered, a vote for Sinn what is for what should be. berg 2/-, D. Simmons 2/-, E. Timby, 4/6, So the question ol whether private pro- get unity among them, on the important poor agricultural two-thirds of Ireland? perty. What is there wrong in that? Only Fein will constitute a protest rather than Is this picture of Ireland too gloomy? Tony Hogan 2 6, Con Murphy 2/6, per C. perty is a God-given right or not (though that it would upset the property of the questions that affect your interests. Northern Ireland can't develop industry a vote for an immediately realisable policy. There are powerful popular forces there Sullivan 4/-, J. Burns 10'-, P. Cruise 2/6, this may be perfectly true) DOES NOT banks, monopolies, and ranchers. Organise, not only as workers, but as because she is exposed to the full blast of Packed House at There is of course nothing fundamentally now, as always. But these are still dis- F. Campbell 10'-, W. Barr 10/-, J. Slevin ARISE. It only arises if somebody \s Irishmen in the Connolly Association in competition with Britain; the twenty-six * * • wrong in this. 1 -, J. Quain 2 6, J. Tate 5/-, Ann Waddell trying to abolish it! order to ensure that Irish nationalist poli- united. Fear of the left paralyses every THE tact is that no individual can 'own' counties can only do so at the expense of 15/-, J. Kay 9 6, C. and M. Byrne £1, F. tical activity never stops. They'll have to Irish Film Show The party hopes to secure a majority at group fear of being smeared as "com- * * * ' the railway system; no individual can crippling tariffs which put up the price Henderson 1 -, T. Henderson 1/-, C. Hen- listen, because we won't shut up. / \N January 28th. a crowd of about 60 munist." Each is thus left to battle alone, OOK at some of the facts. 'own' Imperial Chemical Industries. You of the exports! a subsequent election and will then invite derson 1/-, R. Garner 1/-, A. Garner 1/-, I " ' people packed a room at the Holloway northern Ireland representatives to sit in and only the "right" gains. One of the M. Garner 1 -, J. K. Woodward 1'-, B. J Who owns the Post Office? It is can't take your bit of the machinery of Parnell is the man who realised the In this sense therefore, the coalition plea certainly not private property, though it importance ol this. He kept up a continu- Co-cp. Hall to see an Irish Film Show- the Dail, and hold "unofficial" (to the six most powerful Trade Union movements of Shannon 1-, J. Lippitt 1 -, D. Lippitt 1/-, Fords or Briggs factory home with you. that world causes have conspired against ous pressure, built up the old Irish organised by the North London branch western Europe (for the size of the I. Lippitt 1 -, H. C. Lippitt 1/-, R. Rey- is undoubtedly capitalist as it is run tor These factories are not personal property. county Government) elections in areas National League throughout England, and ol (he Connolly Association. the Irish Government is not just an ex- country) is virtually kept out of politics nolds 1/-, G. Barnsby 1 -, E. Barnsby I -, profit. They are the joint property of a few. The where the existing M.P.s refuse to come in. linked it up with the radical and socialist cuse. It is a lact. It's no good pretending through inability to formulate a united Miss L. Reiter 5'-, Miss F. MacCarthy 5/-, Who owns Harland and Wolle's yard? socialist agrees they should remain com- Five colour films, lent by the Irish But from that point on there is a certain elements (though they don't tell you this they haven't a ticklish problem on their I. Lloyd 2 6, T. Walshe 10/-, per E. Timby Not Mr. Harland nor Mr. Wolfe. They're mon property but they should be the Tourist Bureau, showed scenes in Dublin. air of unreality. What is the force which policy on partition and the social question these days). hands. They have. 2/6, J. P. McGill £1, G. Haynes 2/6, T. awav long ago. It is a "limited company" common property of the many, including Galway, Co. Shgo, Connemara and Kil- will lever out the Tory-unionists and re- How long will it remain so? A question composed of shareholders. In other words those who work them. When he refused to denounce the Watters 2 6, A. Watters 2 6, A. Swales 1'-, larney and were watched with great But the thousands of unemployed, the place them by a democratic representa- every exile would like answered! Harland and Wolte's is the collective pro- Fenians they pretended he was responsible N. Murchin 2/-, J. Watters 1 -, R. Craig Where then did the idea get around o00.000 who have emigrated m the last 10 perty of a group of men. each with a for "murders." When he retused to de- inteiest and some amusement. The Killar- 1 -, M. Rostron 1 -, E. Lenihan 2/-, G.H. that Socialists wanted to do awav with years, the shopkeepers who see their share in it. nounce the socialists, they called him a ne\ film took some time finding its voice £1, J. D. Bernal £2 2/-. Total at time of the "God-given right of private property"? customers leave the emptying towns, these Who owns the Bank of England? Again Communist. But the combined efforts of and a film showing political discrimination going to press: £15 9S. a number of rich men, and groups of rich Well, the Socialist wants a different the Fenians, the Land League and the in housing people in Fintona, Co. Tyrone, want to know what is to be done about it. MORE BRIDGES BLOWN UP arrangement between the various forms • * * men, all with a share in it,. It is the Irish National League of Great Britain, was found to be upside down and had to There is only one thing to be done about ATEST name used for people who blow paraffin and set ablaze his own factory in of property. He wants to increase the it, and that is to tackle the main problem, collective property of a number ot rich enjoying as it did the support of Liberals, be rewound. IJ up bridges is "gelignite saboteurs"— Ballymena, it would be wise also to treat personal property ol the workers. To do Radicals and Socialists among the English, with its twin aspects, end partition and that with reserve. IN A MATCHBOX men. In the intervals between the films. John this phrase was used in the "Manchester So you can't say capitalism doesn't al- this he wants all the huge undertakings nearly freed Ireland. end capitalism. The election campaign can Guardian" to describe those who blew up It is remarkable that although so much Last month our good friend Alec Clarke, which are worked by the many and owned and Rose Roberts sang some lively Ameri- low common property. It does—as long That is why Parnell had to be smashed. only be judged against these needs. Not of the G.N.R. Belfast—Derry line near paraffin was poured around, the watchman of Acton, W. London, handed a match- by the few made into the common pro- * * * can song:, with guitar accompaniment and as it is common to capitalists. course that anybody more than twenty Pomeroy and created traffic chaos in the was allowed to get away and telephone the box containing 91- collected among his » • • perty of all. Paddy Carney sang Irish ballads, wlule POLITICIANS are not hopeless. A years of age would say it could be done six counties. polioe before the Are caught. Little damage mates for the "Democrat's" fighting fund. politician who is not clear about who Ned Foley provided pleasant accordion was done. The carrying out of such opera- Does capitalism protect private pro- The capitalists (the few, who jointly I just like that but steps can be taken in Amply qualifying for this title are the Many thanks, Alec. Let's have some more perty? own the bulk of the wealth) have put it and what he represents and is surrounded music to accompany the silent films. The British Army and R.U.C. dynamite squads tions would be utter folly if the I.R.A. was the right direction. The more limited people sending in matchboxes, chocolate Ireland is of all countries in Europe about that the Socialists want to do away by all the corrupting influences of capital- programme closed with "Irish medley" a which have blown up all but 18 roads be- to decide upon them. The result would effort to remove the abuses in a system can boxes or even tea-ohests this month, for that where Socialism has least influence. with all private property because they ism may prove a renegade. film Including a selection of Irish songs tween the six and twenty-six counties and be merely to antagonise the local Inhabi- So surely If capitalism defends private want to be left free to do away with the But provided two things exist, a politi- build up the forces for its abolition. tants and set back the cause of genuine collections and donations are the life-blood and melodies played on the organ by converted the border Into an armed oamp. property it .should be able to do It in Ire- workers' property themselves! The Social- cian can be as brave and reliable a fighter At the same time doubt attaohes to republicanism. On the othar hand there of our paper, coming as they do from the Reginald Foort There is a temptation whenever a situa- generous hearts—and shrewd heads—of land. But look at the facts: ists do NOT want to do away with private as anybody who ever shouldered a gun. tion Is complicated to consider men and whether the I.R.A. were responsible for are others who would not be above attack- property, but they DO want to take away These two things are—scientific know- Very many thanks are due to the pro- the Irish people. We tender our sincere Five hundred thousand emigrated in personalities, groups and parties, rather this particular action, and the destruction ing a nfghtwatchman to achieve that the last ten years, either because the.v the property the capitalists have BE- ledge of his purpose and haw It Is to be jectionist and his chauffeur who came all of the road bridge between Pomeroy and result. thanks to: per A. Clarke 9/-, T. O'Connor than policies. That must be avoided at all HAD NO private property, or not CAUSE IT ISN'T REALLY THEIRS! But achieved. Second, close touch with those the m from South London, to all the Carrickmore. Pomeroy Is known to be a Now that newspapers in Ireland are for* 1/-, Lena kiloemmins «/-, M. RabMtt 5/-, costs. Hie study of personalities brings enough, or because it was so much work of course they'd leave them their hats and who put him where he Is, and knowledge artists and to the audience, who con- stronghold of Flann Uladh. bidden to publish I.R.A. statements, D. Kiloommins 2/«, F. O'Shea 1/fl, per J. coats—Indeed Just the sort of private pro- out what U eccentric and peculiar. The trying to keep it they decided to leave of what they want tributed a magnificent collection of over Possibly the I.R.A. had ohanged Its readers of the "Irish Democrat" are Quinn 7/-, M. Kelly - W/-, E. McLaughlin it behind! perty they say Is good for workers now! study of trends and policies brings out If the politicians of to-day do not pos- £3! It is hoped that it will be possible to t*etlct, but until there is avMema of this warned ta be vary aauttpos in attributing 2 -, M. Rigney CI 7*, J. P. McGill 11, When the banks decided to stop build- Baucis for the goose is sauce for the sess the first of these qualifications—we'll what is vital and general. And most the report eowneoting it with the holding news, to the source It may purport to come arrange another film show In North Anon I/-. Total £4 ios. ing in Dublin, what happened? Thou- gander. see they have the s«cond! barren of all is the ascribing of happen- up of a watchman who was forced to from, London in the early summer. K.M. March 1957 March 1957 6 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT THE FENIANS (Continued from Page St*) been any use since St. Patrick made tl. :. THE WAY IT IS IN CORK JIM LARKIN Christians. He had been baptised Patn< By NORMAN LETCHFORD Y\THAI Cork thinks to-day Ireland will I RELAND badlv needs an organisation but changed his name to "Pagan" as , 1 similar to the National Council lor THE RISE OF THE UNDERMAN protest! He was not sure about i,e)l, bu- >V think to-morrow--any Corkman will Civil Liberties now that there is a re- • 11 yivj t::at Cork's advantage as a baro- rn place ol' heaven he put Tir ha n'Oi. mtroduction of the coercion laws. Anyone But he was betrayed while administer - meter ol Irish thought i> its blending of can be arrested on suspicion of being a BY ing the Fenian oath to a soldier on 0.ty ana rural mentality, plus the vigour "member of an illegal organisation," can bridge near Athlone in 1864 and was sen- • hich the southern capital puts into the be searched and questioned—and there is Edited by tenced to seven years. His successors wen: .implication of its beliefs. no guarantee that these powers will not be used against progressively-minded people R. M. FOX the length ol organising circles within the Al'te: Costello's speech condemning the who dare to speak out against the status Alec Digges (Lawrence & Wishart, 18/-) British regiments. But here again th> 1.Jl.A as "usurping the prerogative ol the quo. inevitable spy came into his own. Pettiti. Government to make war." one comment n.ade was that someone should usurp Especially might this happen to mem- THERE are some books which it is possible to describe as important without exaggeration or hyperbole. Among an army pensioner, was able to get him- • heir right to deal with unemployment and bers" ol Sinn Fein which is not yet an these, we should have no hesitation in placing the life of Jim Larkin which has just been written by R, M. self sworn into the organisation in the illegal organisation. They are preparing North or England and contrived to get •migration The link between the dole Fox. The author is at home in Irish subjects and has already written works upon Connolly and upon the Citizen 1 leue and the partition of Ireland is un- to contest 17 seats in the next election, himself appointed "military instructor'' derstood onlv by the progressive few. The possibly more. Snooping on the private Army. He fully understands a working-class and Socialist point of view. In turning his attention to Larkin, he by the men in Manchester who sent him Government. one imagines, is extremely documents of a political organisation is is writing of a figure who bestrides the story of Irish trades unionism in this century. Larkin demanded a biog- to Dublin. The Dublin organisation wisely .tnxio'; 'iuit this should remain (lie know- a menace to the voter'* freedom, particu- rapher that he might be fitted into the picture of the period during which he served in the working-class struggle. had nothing to do with him. larly when an election seems very near. dge i : li lew. Fox has filled the demand with all of the material provided by both historical accuracy and of good writing. It Undoubtedly Sinn Fein will get a great In the meantime Pierce Nagle haci Speaking at a monster Sinn Fein meei- deal ol supnort. especially if they stress is likely that this biography will remain as a standard work for a long time to come. secured work inside the Irish People office. c • Councillor Liam Early told his the economic consequence of the British He worked one day a week in the folders • udier.ro that a divided Ireland could connection. Everybody has grown cyni- Born in 1876, the unmistakably Irish son 1913, the direct outcome of the shame during the strike. They were a valuable department and very often as confiden- u'ver be prosperous, and made a bitter cal about the coalition government, and of parents who emigrated to Liverpool, created by Dublin's working, living and lesson in the solidarity or labour and upon tial messenger of James Stephens. He jjvas attack on the Costello Government's TLarki oririn spencrwrnt l^ihics first year-r'novso aoft WoirrNewryr buKnft V"i/"\nciTirhousingv conditions. The city became one are just as disgruntled with Fianna Fail. tin. wider implications of this solidarity. all the time a full-time spy in the pa/ ol .rpath to the misery of the jobless. Three had returned to Liverpool again when he of anger and Larkin was working side bv lays Safer he was arrested under the I have conducted a 1 airly intensive en- was five years old. He was soon to know side with such valiant figures as that of Larkin has now been dead for ten years the British Government. Offences against the State Act. charged quiry into the opinions oi that elusive the poverty of the dock-sidc and was the Countess Markivicz for the success of and the economic conditions of Ireland He was the more dangerous because with being a member of an illegal organ- character, the-man-in-the-street. and even forced to leave school for work when his the strike. He carried through the llave worsened badly. Much nationalism Stephens insisted on keeping all the mem- isation. the people who do not believe the I.R.A. 1athe r died at the earl'y age of~ thirty- battle by means of his strike oratory from lias tailed to realise the necessit' y for an bership lists in the office. But to get ex- raids will be very effective, and who be- e:ig'ht . The family, struggling along as best the Dublin streets to a great meeting at active relationship to the working-class tracts from a spy was one thing, to get "It's as bad as getting into a hurling lieve these young men are misled, are The City Hall beside the Lee match." was how one unemployed man de- it could, had been joined by his grand- the Albert Hall. After the strike was over, struggle whilst some would not hesitate to the actual lists themselves was another, anxious to state that "anyway, these trade. He has a wile and child, is aged -justly prides itself on good neighbour- father from Newry when his farm had Larkin migrated to America in October, betray the traditions of Irish republican scribed signing-on at the Labour Ex- young men have guts, and are honest." and this the Government did succeed in change That is no exaggeration when 35 and is still anxious to find a job, al- liness and personal kindness. fallen on bad times. It was at the lips 1914. Tried and imprisoned in 1920 for his separatism in order to save capitalism in doing. Stephens had let it !>e widely known Not one person has made the same de- / iNE priest testified in a sermon the country. In other words, there are im- we consider that Sunbeam-Wolseley, Dun- though the last one was worth only four of the old man that young Lai kin learned revolutionary propaganda, lie was released that 1865 was to the year of the rising. claration about the Government. pounds weekly. He is fortunate in that " ' preached in the city that he knew ot his first lessons in the story of Ireland's and returned to Ireland in 1923. Specula- portant lessons in process of being enacted lop, Metal Products and the two biggest On September 14th and 15th of that year shoe manufacturers are on hall-time or he has been moved to a Corporation house lamilies living on oatmeal and water. He wrongs, of the famine years and of the t-ion only can be permitted concerning within a reactionary solidarity. "ERY little comment was made on the the police suddenly swooped on the Fenian on no time at all for some of their work- \ in Gurranebraher, where the differential was appealing for the charity of St. Vin- Fenians. In this atmosphere of revolt, what might have happened if this gap had ers. These are (yes, even now) the biggest physical hardship of the I.R.A. fight- rent is onlv seven shillings. Until quite he grew to manhood. not, occitred in Larkin's Irish life. He Partition, always a thing of horror to Jim organisation in Dublin and Cork. Many ers in the north. Probably this is because Larkin, has succeeded in saving both Eire employers ol labour in the city. The great l-eccntly he lived in a large room in the cent de Paul which has many eritics but had much to do with the foundation or the of the leaders were captured, though hardship has become a common lot in and the six counties for reactionary eco- Ford plant now has a skeleton staff only flat ol the citv where 19 - was demanded is certainly relieving much genuine The boy was offered work at a pitiable Citizen Armv and his presence during the Stephens himself escaped to a house in nomic policies. For these reasons alone, of between twenty and thirty. Ireland. Those who have worked recently f„r .lC(.ommodation one degree removed wage by his father's firm but he declined days of 1916 might have given the struggle Sandymount where he lived as "Mr. Her- poverty. But even supposing that it was this biography of Larkin would be of out- With the electricity scheme at Innis- and have insurance stamps, can draw up lrom lhe worKt in the citv Aftei. hp had it to do better. In turn, he worked as an 0f that period a new impetus and direc- bert" for a time. as perfect a charitable institution as could standing importance. It recalls the carra completed another source of jobs has to three pounds a week. Not so wondertul, k, Ule rent thore was 16/_ lelt lor errand-boy, as a paper-hanger and decor- tion. be (and no-one would claim that a human present Irish labour movement to fresh ri^HE September raid was, however, a dried up. Some of .the recently jobless maybe, but it must seem luxury to those clotiunt, fuel> lood anU dare we suggest, ator, and in the factory of an enamelling 1 institution could be that good) it is hope- understanding of Socialist teaching and of serious blow to the Fenian organisa- are signing-on at. the former place of work on the unrelieved dole. I enquired the th(? plct,Ures and the pint firm. Gradually, the family position im- Returning lo Ireland, Larkin was in- less to expect voluntary samaritanism to the application afresh of this teaching to tion. Lists of members, compromising iFord's, lor example) and some of the un- rates of dole lrom a dole-getter, and when Tucntv pence per person per dav for proved and he became something of a volvecl in further battles within trades- cope with the needs ol all the genuinely the condition of Ireland. It should be papers and many addresses were captured employed have been diverted to a new he told me it sounded so incredibly low the necessities of clothing, food, heating deserving of Cork. mainstay in the home. But, when he was unionism, seeking to retain its activities in that I double-checked on the figures. seventeen, he stowed away on a boat bound tlle country for the revolutionary view- especially welcome to all readers of the and John O'Leary, Thomas Clarke Luby. queue'at the City Hall. It is rumoured and snelter. Translated into the reality The effect of such conditions on both that other public buildings will be used "They're just hobos who won't work" is of a long period on the dole that means for America. Caught during tiie voyage, he point, "Irish Democrat" and to members of the O'Donovan Rossa, and Roantree were all still t lie opinion of some unthinking the employed and the workless tends to was charged and imprisoned at New York. He had financial difficulties through a Connolly Asosciation for it is the story of lor the same purpose. raggedness. hungriness. shivering and a lowering of morale. It is not surprising. arrested. Stephens then appointed Devoy people, who proceed to accuse the woikless qi„nls t-i1p greatest svmnathv should lie , . ? " " one of the greatest of recent forerunners in There is no doubt that the people resent 1 The imprisonment turned young Larkin bankruptcy due to the law costs incurred in charge of operations in "the British o f- frittering th• e taxpayers' • money away Slums ine gieaiesi sjmpaui, snouiu <«• therefore, that the I.R.A. campaign meet their own activity and aims. We trust that the burden of enforced idleness. The It is she who strives wRh som£ applauSp It is obviously not into a permanent rebel against an unjust dining this period. In 1924, he vistcd Mos- Army, but on November 11th Stephens's on iK>rter and cinemas. Yet the rate for with the housewife. Tt. is she who strives - .. • ...... everybody who has the good of Ireland or younger man collects his baggage and sets to keep the house clean, tries to leed her thp duct f ,sonal .scll'.seeking . social order. It had also the incidental cow but much though he admired the hide-out in Sandymount was discovered a single man is 18—work that out in husband and children properly, mend the Russian experiment, he did not become an of the labour movement at heart will read mt for England (in the first six months effect of giving him time for some wide and he was arrested. A few days later he cinema tickets and pints of Murphy's. clothes that have long outworn their people remember Willie Gough whose reading and for close reflection upon politi- adherent of any rigid, political creed, it and will learn the many lessons which oi 1956 the figures equalled the whole of small wage kept home for his widowed What of the plight of the married man? shoddy best, and all this usually on the lal and social matters in general. On his re- Through journalism, he maintained the it has to teach. escaped. Devoy had carried out one of the 1955) but to the married man with child- mother and her family, and young Jimmy On the dole a man and wife receive 33 -. most inadequate diet. turn to Liverpool, he had become a man working-class struggle with Dublin as lus F, H. A. MICKLEWRIGHT most daring rescues in Irish history. ren it is not so easy to uproot himself. Lineham who was a Corporation road- Whatever their circumstances, however at the age of eighteen, burning with desire real centre. The loyalty and affection of The carelessness ol' Stephens led to So thev stay and. although they give tre- It's not exclusively English, that stiff sweeper. In a juster society they would mendous applause to speeches such as many chldren they may possess, they can upper lip. "In my street they'd starve for his own self-improvement and for that his followers was strong enough to defeat widespread criticism or his leadership. He never exceed 38,-. Liam M— is an un- „„ have .had jobs better suited to their those of Councillor Early, there is no themselves to death before they imposed tale' flnd thoge whQ Rnew lhpm vmM ol" his tellows. the numerous enemies who were trying to was accused of playing with revolution, oi skilled labourer now receiving the dole. on~theYr neigh bours"'said one man to me. drive him out or politics. He was elected Draft Conference other attempt to "let off steam." There tell you that they had no talent for being delighting himself drawing up lists ot the He is not unskilled because he is unintel Gradually, he became a leader among to the Dublin corporation, an important are no demonstrations, but the angrv im- Be sure it's a fact — one man in my demagogues, social lions or private bullies. thousands of men he had at his'command, ligent but because he never had a chance, street did just that, his fellow-workmen and, although he took .step in his recognition as a man of poli- Resolution—from P. 2 patience with conditions is there just the , . , . . ., , , Both are among those captured in th e thinking ot the help he was going to get same. educationally or otherwise, to learn a And this can happen in a city which six.County raid* no part in it, Larkin had some experience t-ical significance, of the dock strike which arose in Liverixiol ing standards of all workers resident in from a rising in Paris, and complimenting » • * out of the unrest created indirectly by the Bankruptcy pi evented linn from taking Britain, shows the possibility of uniting himself on everything without doing any- Irish and British workers for the common / 10NN0LLY taught us that it is among London strike of 1889. By this time, he iu.s seat m the Dail when he was first thing. The trial of the captured leaders task of ending the grievances of both. SERIAL ' the working class of the towns and was no stranger to trades-union activities elected in 1927. But this was finally over- gave the "Castle'' lawyers plenty of time the peasantry ot the countryside that real and. in due couise, became a well-known come and lie was a memb! r from 1937 to to concoct charges of blasphemy, assassi- 1938 and again from 1943 to 1944. By these This conference therefore resolves that love or country is found. It is a true platform figure. nation and even Communism against the Part Two vears, Larkin had been firmly re-esfab- in the forthcoming period the Association patriotism because it is disinterested. Al- shall: prisoners. THE FENIANS most everyone nowadays scorns the obvi- The Belfast industrial disputes of 1907 'ished ;n the political and industrial life of under the segis of the British alien Gov- O'Leary thought the advantages out- The Dublin Fenians particularly lelt the FT v o - James Connolly who first put may be said to be the school from which his country. When he died in 1947. he had (I) dontinue and increase its public acti- ernment. The young men who flocked weighed the disadvantages. But lie ad- ously professional patriotism of the profes- precious time was slipping away as arrests his finger on the reasons why sional politicians. That may be a harsh Larkin graduated into his greatest pioved I hat fie was far too big to b" driven vity aimed at winning the British into the ranks or the Fenian movement mitted that it was soon obvious to every- judgment, but supposing their motives to efforts. It was to lead on to his work in into ihe w ildnerness and kept there by I working class, and especially the and raids continued to weaken their or- Fonianism found a favourable soil in 1 sser men. He represented in his ow n per- were not looking for the recreation of ages bodv who read it, that a secret body was be of the purest they are nevertheless in- Dublin and lo the organisation oi trades- Labour and trade union movement, to ganisation. Though this was true enough, son tin- most vital elements in the working- | Ireland so soon after its foundation. past, they were looking for land, and free- spread over the length and breadth ot effective in action. unionism there. Joined by Jim Connolly, demand the complete cessation of all indignation with the action of the Gov- In his famous classic. "Labour in Irish who had just returned from America. class movement of Ireland whilst his en- British interference in internal Irish ernment was winning supporters, .so that dnm. for laws made by themselves. Ireland and that its object was to over- What is needed is that the genuine (Ifii>: iiiciif in 1943 as an official Labour History," he wrote:— There were, however, two components in throw British rule, patriots should be informed patriots. Larkin was shaping out the first stages of affairs, as a matter of common in- Stephens could urge something in favour the Irish Transport Union. A new impetus, candidate v.,is a personal victory. His terest to the peoples of the two coun Coincident.with the inception of Fenian- the mass following of Fenianism; first One other disadvantage of a secret or- Those who are actively engaged in nation- una'n had w on its affiliation to the T.U.C. or delay. Finally, however, it became clear alist activity are often broad-minded and rightly callcd Larkinism, was born and tries. ism, 1857, commenced in Ireland a deter- the town workers mentioned by Connolly, ganisation became apparent only after- won sympathy far beyond the immediate and ' Big Jim" had become the authentic that there would be mutiny in the ranks with the tradition of open organised wards. A man who boasted that he had enlightened on social questions. The voice ol militant Irish labour in those revo- if further time was lost. Devoy and the mined Labour agitation which culminated broad masses of the people are not—and ranks oi the manual workers. (2) Make new and greatly intensified in a vigorous movement among the baker struggle, and second the small farmers, fought in the Irish Papal Brigade and had lutionary aspirations which linked the efforts to organise the Irish in Britain other leaders called a military coiuicil on nationalists are often afraid of speaking Larkin was able to rally to the side ol rights of man with those of a nation. journeymen against night labour and in some of whose ribbon societies came over been honoured by Pope Pius IX with the out too clearly on social conditions in in the ranks of the Connolly Associa- February 20th. 1866 and put it to Stephens I abour and trades-unionism, various intel- tion, in order to accomplish this and favour or a reduction of working hours. in a body to the new organisation and Cross ol Saint Sylvester returned to Dub- case they might be labelled "Communists." bluntly, act or get out. lectuals, writers and university professors. There are several features about the lile other objects, in particular to create Great meetings were held all over the who brought with them the tradition "f lin in (lie early 'sixties and joined the Sinn Fein is not a socialist body, but Instead of taking sides in this contro- Under his leadership, the union had taken story of Jim Larkin which are worthy ol a network of Connolly Association versy, however, ninety years later, it is country during the years 1858-60, in which secret organisation and conspiratorialism. Fenians. He was James McDermott. a such are the irresponsible McCarthy-like a militant National colouring. Such names especial note. Its blend of revolutionary branches throughout the whole of better to note the governing lact. This the rights of Labour were most vehe- The first became submerged in the British agent. Dazzled by his Papal Cross tactics of the most reactionary that any as those of Wolfe Tone or of Fintan Lalor ardour, nationalism and trades-union Britain and to promote common action mently asserted and the tyranny of the second largely because Stephens and his and glib tongue, as Desmond Ryan puts mild liberal of the old Gladstonian pat- roused enthusiasm in its ranks because activity represented a new departure in with other Irish organisations, and was that a revolution cannot be just tern is liable to be attacked as a beheader Irish employers exposed and denounced, associates were supporters of the wing it, O'Mahoney made him his secretary, in these men had stood forth for the rights of Irish politics in its relation to the working- • the Labour movement. "started" like a race or a football match ol priests and an advocate ot free-love. both people and of natifin. It is significant class movement of the country. R. M. Fox at the time somebody "decides to play." in Wexford, Kilkenny, Clonmel and of the "International" which favoured spite of the warnings of Stephens and (3) Support all efforts calculated to de- Not that Cork is a picture of unrelieved that Larkin and his movement was attacked rightly says that "he always went straight There has to be a revolutionary situation. Waterford night-work was abolished and this type of organisation for working-class O'Leary. McDermott not only passed ill- glooin. although we mav sometimes be feat the purposes of the Tory Govern- by the batons of the police and by the for the target" and that "his speeches pro- The Government against whom it is pro- day labour established. The movement purposes as well. formation to the British Government. He cynical about official statements (albeit ment in the economic and political articles of Arthur Griffith in Sinn Fein, duccd results." There have been other posed to revolt must be incapable of con- was considered so serious that a Parlia- * * * acted as a cent re around which there were never quoted now) tliat Ireland is the best figures in Irish history of whom these field, and to help to secure the defeat r Larkin had pierced to the core of the tinuing to govern in the same way as be- mentary Committee sat to investigate it. ET some of the problems of secret or- interminable dissensions and personal fed country in the world. There is still nationalist struggle. Nationalism found things might justly be said but Larkin was of the Government and its replace- \ fore. And later Connolly adds:— plenty of native good humour even though its true complement 111 the assertion or the able to produco these effects in terms of a ment by a Labour Government ganisation were made known quite feuds which hindered the progress of the its food is ironic. Before Lenten austerity pledged to support Irish Indepen- And perhaps it was some inkling of this 'Tt is a matter of historical record that early. The first Phoenix Conspiracy was movement. But his ultra-revolutionary rights or the people. The most significant genuinely revolutionary and working-class younger and middle-aged are striving to movement. dence. fact thgt held Stephens back. There is Dublin. Cork, Wexford, Clonmel, Kil- betrayed by an informer and Rossa and speeches and his capacity lor flattery pre- pliase of the contemporary nationalist kenny, Waterlord and Ennis and their re- enjoy as much dancing and race-going as movement demanded a Socialist economy (4) Take all practicable steps to encour- no reason whatsoever to accuse him ol some others were prosecuted. They con- vented O'Mahoney from seeing through the country can provide. Nobody but a In the same way. lie was able to carry the spective counties were most responsive *•<> for Ireland and was unable to be satisfied Irish struggle beyond Ireland. The strike age the Irish workers in Britain in cowardice, or even of indecision. He had sented to plead guilty if the Government him. killjoy would begrudge the entertainment 1 with a men assertion of political separa- of 1913 produced a deep moral effect upon their own interests to become and re- built up an organisation, he had risked the message df Fenianism." dropped any further prosecutions and The absence ol adequate open political ol the shop assistant or clerk who hires a tion. Larkin and Connolly had guided the British Labour which was not without it - main members of their appropriate his life and liberty many a time. Only the He quotes Richard Piggott (not at that dress suit and takes his girl-friend to a quashed a sentence or ten years' penal activity in which a man could fie tested battle for Ireland's nationhood into an en- educational effect upon working-class trade unions. favourable situation was lacking. tihie yet bought over to betray Parnell) servitude already passed. They were quite and tried out with the eyes ol the world late dance. There is no harm in the small tirely new setting which was to lie- un- farmer or small shonkeeper going to a movements in this country. It was sup- (5) Resist all efforts at causing division (To be continued) on the i>ersonnel of the movement:— wise in this. There is nothing treacherous upon him, prevented the organisation from popular with political reactionaries on boih p,)rtrc| by the relief supplies sent from the in the ranks of the working people, "It was in lact only among the young- coursing or point-to-point meeting . . . sides of the channel. Fnylish Co-operative movement. These In bargaining with the enemy, especially being able to deal with him Suspicion You may hear their skilfully designed in particular to resist discrimination est and most intelligent of the labouring when he has the whip hand, provided your was not enough do-nothing propaganda being repeated by It is not surprising to find Larkin takme results were directly due to Larkin's efforts against Irish people. NOTES AND NEWS class, or the young men of the large towns bargaining is intended as a means to When John Devoy visited Ireland in 1865 every bar-room politician in Cork . . . a leading part in the great Dublin strike of and to the outcome of his visit to London (6) Make a more serious effort than has Dr. Browne has resigned from Fianna and cities engaged in the humbler walks defeat him. lie discovered that Fenianism had spread "What would we do with the Orangemen been done in the past to widen the Fail and is standing as Independent Can- of- mercantile lite, of the artisan and Pretending to drop the conspiracy, even more rapdily than he had thought if we did get our old six-counties back?" circulation and sphwe of oont«ct of didate In Dublin Soulh-East. In a state- working classes that it found favour." Stephens decided to be more careful in possible. There were fifteen circles in or "If it wasn't for John Bull giving us the "Irish Democrat" In order that It ment to the press he said that Fianna The romantic dreams were therefore not ruture. He launched an open legal move- Dublin with eight or ten thousand mem- )obs wouldn't we be eating each other may become an adsquate means of Fail refused to put him up because Mr 0 MacEntee refused to stand if Dr. Browne tile essential part of It. They were the ment parallel with the secret one; and bers. and about 80,000 members in all. in- here " Such questions pinpoint the care- BOOKS! BOOKS! BOOKS! replying to imperialist propaganda and defending the interests of the stood. The Maria Duce organisation was I ancles in which men clothed ideals so established the "Irish People." Michael eluding those resident In Britain, but fully lostered ignorance of the real issues. To the southerner the Ulster Protestant is -yyE are holding a sale of Irish books and books of Irish interest in Irish people. said to have influenced the Fiorina Fail vast, so far-reaching and so revolutionary Davitt held that this was a mistake. John leaving out those who were in the British almost as big a bogey as Rome-rule Is to While resolving to pay particular at- decision. Mr. De Valera is personally in- ti»t they must have appeared poetic in O'Leary and Devoy, on the other hand, Army. conjunction with the Connolly Association Annual Conference at the Belfast working class. . . . John Bull tention to these six decisions, the Associa- volved. their grandeur. But never for a moment considered that it was essential for the * * * is painted as a military bully; no mention the end of March. May we appeal to all our readers to go through their tion will continue to institute action • * * di4 they ceaeo to rest on solid ground. movement to have a channel Of comnmnl- rriHE policy of recruiting Fenians from is made of capitalist imperialism which bookshelves and let us have any such books they can spare. Others where practicable on all issues set forth Many Irish will be involved in the m • m cation, propaganda and recruiting. Here 1 irishmen who had been forced to "take chains Irish economy to the pound In its publlo programme. The main task Briggs (Dagenhnm) dispute which arose rmm Nfarmera were being deprived of was the problem aileoting a secret com- the shilling" was developed by "Pagan sterling. who want them will be enabled to tfet them and our funds will benefit. for the coming year Is, however, the ex- from the company's decision to dismiss * theik loo*; tfh» wartans erewf beta* The City Corporation, I understand, is tension and consolidation of the power leading shop-steward Mr. Maclaughlin. mxmlcation. How could It be built up, O'Leary," a Mocroem man who heid tbe Send them as soon as possible, please, to Book Sale, Irish Democrat, vNM-rV deprtw* <* tiMOtM and how cowkl people be hoid, -arturt -it; uii curious beHef that the Irish have never reviewing the pobMc lighting system. of the organisation, which can be aoMevatf The Irish are expected to be firm sup- most effectively by concentration on the porters of any action which the Trade enjoyment" of\ lite- This was happen** about* if nobMy mtA anything about It? (omlim< wi Pace Some more light is certainly necessary. 13 Lambs Conduit Passage, W.C.I. most Important Issues. Unions may decide to take. 8 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT March 1957 ELECTION RESULTS

«7> GAINS & LOSSES THIS ELECTION s FINE GAEL LOSSES F.F. F.G. Lab. C. na P. S'n.Fein C. na T. Others Cork City (to Fianna Fail'. Cork W. (to Independent i. Dublin S. Central (to Fianna Pail or 78 40 12 1 4 3 9 Independents i. Dublin S.E. (to Independents'. Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown (to Fianna LAST ELECTION Fail). Louth (to Fianna Fail"). F.F. F.G. Lab. C. na P. S'n.Fein C. na T. Others Galway North (to Fianna Fail). Tipperary N. (to Labour). Tipperary S. (to Fianna Fail). 65 50 19 3 — 5 5 Wicklow (to Fianna Fail.). FINE GAEL GAIN Limerick W. (from Fianna Fail). FINE GAEL FIANNA FAIL LOSSES "Barrett, S. D. (Cork City). THESE LOST THE NEW DAIL Kerry. S. (to Sinn Fein). FIANNA FAIL "Barry. Richard (Cork E.i. THEIR SEATS Limerick W. (to Fine Gael). *Aiken, Frank (Louthi. *Belton, Jack (Dublin N.E.). Longford-Westmeath (to Sinn Fein). 'Alien, Denis (Wexford). "Burke, James (Roscommon). FIANNA FAIL Monaghan (to Sinn Fein). "Byrne, Patrick (Dublin N.E.). 'Bartley, Gerald (Galway W.i. Carter. Frank (Longford—Westmeath) "Coburn, George (Louth). FIANNA FAIL GAINS •Beegan, Patrick (Galwa.v S.). Colbert. Michael (Limerick W.). "Blaney, N. T. (Donegal E.). "Coogan, Fintan (Galway W.). Carlow-Kilkenny (from Labour). Colley, Harry (Dublin N.E.i. Cork City (from Fine Gaeli. 'Boland, Gerald (Roscommoni. "Cosgrave, Liam (Dun Laoghaire — Flynn, John (Kerry S.i. Dublin Co. (from Labour). Boland, Kevin (Dublin Co.). Rathdown). Kelly, Edward (Monaghan). Dublin, N. Central (from Labour). Booth. Lionel (Dun Laoghaire—Rath- "Carew. John (Limerick East). LahifTe, Robert (Galway S.>. Dublin S. Central (from Fine Gael or down i. "Costello, Declan (Dublin N.W.). Labour). Moylan, Sean (Cork N.). 1 Brady. Sean (Dun Laoghaire—Rath- "Costello, J. A. (Dublin S.E.). Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown (from Fine "Crottv, P. J. (Carlow—Kilkenny). dowrn. Gael). "Dillon. James (Monaghani. FINE GAEL Galway. N. (from Fine Gael). Brady, P. A. (Dublin S. Central). "Dockrell. M. E. (Dublin S. Central). Kerry, N. (from C. na P., uncontested). *Breen, Daniel (Tipperary S.>. Barry, Anthony (Cork City). "Esmonde, Dr. A. C. (Wexford). Louth (from Fine Gaeli. 'Brennan. Joseph (Donegal W.). Collins, Sean (Cork W.i. "Fagan, C. M. (Longford—Westmeath). Mayo. N. (from C. na T. >. *Brennan, Paudge (Wicklow). Deciing, M. (Wicklow i. "Flanagan. O. J. (Leix—Offaly). Meath (from Labouri. •Breslin, Cormac (Donegal W. i. Dockrell, H. P. (Dun Laogliaire— "Giles, Patrick (Meath). Wexford (from Labour). 'Briscoe. Councillor Robert. Lord Mayor Rathdown i. Wicklow (from Fine Gael). Hogan, Miss B. (Galway S.). of Dublin (Dublin S.W.). Jones, Denis (Limerick W.>. Dcnegan. P. S. < Louth i. Browne, Sean (Wexford). "Kenny. Henry (Mayo S.i. Finlay, T. A. (Dublin S. Central). LABOUR LOSSES "Burke. Patrick (Dublin Co.). "Lindsay. P. J. (Mayo N.i. Hrssion, J. M. (Galway N.i. Carlow-Kilkenny (to Fianna Fail). 1 "Butler, Bernard (Dublin S.W.i. "Lynch, Thaddeus < Waterford). O'Donovan. Dr. John (Dublin S.E. . Dublin Co. (to Fianna Fail). "Calleary, P. A. (Mayo N.t. "Manley. Tadhg (Cork S.i. Roddy, Joseph (Sligo—Leitrimi. Dublin. N. Central (to Fianna Fail). Carty. Michael (Galway S.). "MacEoin, Sean (Longford-Westmeath). Dublin S. Central (to either Fianna "Childers, ErsKine (Longford —• West- "McGilligan, Patrick (Dublin N.C.). LABOUR Fail or Independent). meath). "McMenamin. Daniel (Donegal E.i. Limerick E. (to Independent'. O'Carroll, Mrs. Maureen (Dublin N. Clohessy, P. (Limerick East). "Mulcahy, General Richard (Tipp. S.). Meath (to Fianna Fail'. Wexford (to Fianna Fail'. "Collins, J. J. (Limerick W.t. "Murphy, William (Clare). Central i. "Corry, M. J. (Cork East). "O'Donnell, Patrick (Donegal W. i. O'Leary, John (Wexford). •Cotter, Edward (Cork W.). "O'Higgins, Michael (Dublin S.W.i. Pattison, J. P. (Carlow—Kilkenny 1. LABOUR GAIN "Crowley, Mrs. H. M. (Kerry S.». 'O'Higgins, T. F. (Leix—Offalyi. Tullv, James (Meath). Tipperary N. (from Fine Gael). "Cunningham, Liam (Donegal E->- •'O'Reilly, Patrick (Cavani. "Davern, M. J. (Tipp. S.). C. na T. LOSS *de Valera, Eamon (Clare), "O'Sullivan, D. J. (Cork N.i. CLANN NA TALMHAN "Palmer, P. W. (Kerry S.). "de Valera, Vivion (Dublin N.C.). O'Hara, Thomas (Mayo N.). Mayo, N. (to Fianna Fail). Doherty, Sean (Mayo N.i. "Reynolds, Mrs. M. B. (Sligo—Leitrim). Donegan, Batt (Cork N.). Rogers, P. J. (Sligo—Leitrimi. CLANN NA POBLACHTA SINN FEIN GAINS Dooley, Patrick (Kildare). "Rooney, Eamon (Dublin Co.i. MacBride, Sean (Dublin S.W.i. Kerry S. (from Fianna Fail'. "Egan, Kieran (Leix-Offaly). "Sweetman. Gerard (Kildarei. Longford-Westmeath (from Fianna "Egan, Nicholas (Leix-Offaly). "Hughes, Joseph (Carlow—Kilkenny i. Fail). "Fanning, John (Tipperary N.). INDEPENDENTS Monaghan (from Fianna Fail). Faulkner, Patrick (Louth). Maguire, B. J. (Sligo—Leitrim >. Sligo-Leitrim (from Independent). "Flanagan, Sean (Mayo S.>. LABOUR "Flynn, Stephen (Sligo-Leitrim). "Corish, Brendan (Wexford). INDEPENDENT GAINS Gallacher, Colm (Dublin N.C.). "Desmond. Daniel (Cork S.>. Cork W. (from Fine Gael). "Galvin, John (Cork City). "Everett, James (Wicklow). Dublin S. Central < from Fine Gael or "Geoghegan, John (Galway W.). •Hogan. Patrick (Clare) (SpeJker re- | EASTER ISSUE Labour). Gibbons, James (Carlow-Kilkenny). turned unopposed i. Dublin S.W. (from Clann na Pob- "Gilbride. Eugene (Sligo-Leitrim i. "Kyne, T. A. (Waterfordi. lachta i. 'Gogan, R. P. (Dublin N.W.). 'Larkin, Denis (Dublin N.E. i. Irish Democrat Dublin South-east (from Fine Gaeli. Griffln, James (Meath). "McAuliffe, Patrick (Cork N.i. Limerick E. (from Labour). Haughev, Charles (Dublin N.E.'. "Murphy, M. P. (Cork W.i. Healy, A. A. (Cork City). •Norton, William (Kildare i. out "Hilliard, Michael (Meath). "Casey, Sean (Cork City). { INDEPENDENT LOSS •Hillery, Dr. P. J. (Clare). "Spring, Daniel (Kerry N.i. • Sligo-Leitrim (to Sinn Feim. Humphreys, Francis (Carlow-Kilkenny i Tierney, Patrick (Tipperary N.i. 1 APRIL 6* "Kenneally, William (Waterford). j C. na P. LOSS "Kennedy, M. J. (Longford— CLANN NA TALMHAN Westmeath). •• Dublin S.W. (to Independent'. "Killilea, Mark (Galway N.». •Beirne. John (Roscommon). Kitt, M. F. (Galway N.). •Blowick, Joseph (Mayo). "Lemass. Noel (Dublin S.W.i. "Donnellan, Michael (Galway N.i. "Lemass, Sean F. (Dublin S.C.). EMIGRANTS ARE NOT TRAITORS INDEPENDENTS Loughman, Frank (Tipperary S.). PEAKING in Hyde Park, London, at fight in him anyway. The traitors to "Lynch. Mrs. Celia (Dublin S. Central). Browne, N. C. (Dr.) (Dublin S.E^ i. a meeting which sent a message of Ireland are the men wtio drive along •Lynch, John (Cork City). S "Byrne, Thomas (Dublin N.W.i. congratulation to Mr. Jack Murphy, O'ConneJI Street in big luxurious cars, •McCarthy, Sean (Cork S.i. Carroll, James (Dublin S.W.i successful "Unemployed" candidate in when that man is starving, and do •McEllistrim, Thomas (Kerry N.). "Finucane, Patrick (Kerry N.>. Dublin South Central, Mr. Desmond nothing to provide him with work. The •MacEntee Sean (Dublin S.E. i. "McQuillan. John (Roscommoni. ruling class of Ireland has betrayed him, "Maher. Peadar (Leix-Offalyi. "Murphy, John, Unemployed (Dublin S. Greaves, Editor of the "Irish Democrat" said: not the other way round. Maloney. D. J. (Kerry N.t. Central i. "When Terence MacSwiney taliteef about •Medlar, Martin (Carlow -Kilkenny). Russell, G. E. (Limerick Easti. the man who emigrated being a traitor, •Moher, J. W. (Cork East). "Sheldon, W. A. W. (Donegal E.i. "The Dublin Unemployed have tackled the emigration problem at the only it is ridiculous to suppose that he was •Mooney, Patrick (Monaghani. Wycherley, Florence (Cork Westi. talking about unemployed men who •Moran, Michael (Mayo S.). point where it can be tackled. It is no earthly use complaining about a man were forced to go. He was thinking of •O'Briain Donnchadl) (Limerick W.). CLANN NA POBLACHTA men who had money in the*- pockets •O'Malley, D. B. (Limerick E.i. emigrating if there is no job for that "Tully. John (Cavani. man at home. and were prepared to spend it on the •Ormonde. Sean (Waterford >. fare to America while the nation was OToole. James (Wicklow i. SINN FEIN "Economic circumstances are every- Jn arms. A vastly different proposition. •Ryan, Dr. James (Wexford). The Dublin unemployed said we refuse Brady, Rorv (Longford Westmrathi. man's master. You have to live. The •Ryan, Mrs. M. B (Tipperary N. >. to emigrate,' but If some of them are O'Hanlon. E. (Monaghan). provision of opportunities at home will •Sheridan. Michael (Cavani. forced to do so by sheer weight of cir- McGirl. J J. (Sligo—Leitrim i. answer the emigration problem and •Smith. Patrick (Cavani. cumstances, only a middle class theorist Rice. J J (Kerry S.i. nothing else will. •Traynor, Oscar (Dublin N.E >. would breathe a word of an injult at "It 19 no use getting annoyed with the them." problem and saying that the un- THE PEOPLE VOICE THEIR PROTEST—Contd employed man who emigrates is a Mr. Eamonn Lyons said 'hi', the traitor to Ireland' and that he should Northern protestants who refus to come utilised their choice to the full where they ^ James Connolly, was brought to its lowest stay at homo and fight. If he can fight, in under Co.stello or De Valera v: mId have could see anything real Dublin South ebb. It lost seven of its nineteen seats. the argument holds. But if he and his no objection to associating m/l.*- Dr. Central was a case in point. The un- It is probable that the rank and file will family starve thorc will not be much Browne. employed candidate drew twice the num- now demand a drastic re-thinklng of ber of votes as Mr. R. J. Connolly, who labour policy. Unfortunately there Is not made the mistake of lighting the cam- a strong socialist organisation round paign on his father's record, instead of whose policy a re-grouping can take place. on his own as the unemployed man did. The days of "Vote for me. f was in the CONFERENCE SOCIAL Post Office'' are over. Printed by Ripley Printers Ltd. (T.U.), Labour as a whole, moreover, having Nottingham Road. Ripley, Derbys., and 37 March, 7.30 p.m. completely abandoned all pretence to published by the Editor at 53 Posoman follow, even distantly, the teachings of Street, London, E.C.I.