Abortion Morbidity in Uganda: Evidence from Two Communities
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Abortion Rates
MEASURE DHS assists countries worldwide in the collection and use of data to monitor and evaluate population, health, and nutrition programs. Funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), MEASURE DHS is implemented by ORC Macro in Calverton, Maryland. The main objectives of the MEASURE DHS project are: 1) to provide decisionmakers in survey countries with information useful for informed policy choices, 2) to expand the international population and health database, 3) to advance survey methodology, and 4) to develop in participating countries the skills and resources necessary to conduct high-quality demographic and health surveys. Information about the MEASURE DHS project or the status of MEASURE DHS surveys is available on the Internet at http://www.measuredhs.com or by contacting: ORC Macro 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300 Calverton, MD 20705 USA Telephone: 301-572-0200 Fax: 301-572-0999 E-mail: [email protected] DHS Analytical Studies No. 8 Recent Trends in Abortion and Contraception in 12 Countries Charles F. Westoff Office of Population Research Princeton University ORC Macro Calverton, Maryland, USA February 2005 This publication was made possible through support provided by the U.S. Agency for Interna- tional Development under the terms of Contract No. HRN-C-00-97-00019-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development Suggested citation: Westoff, Charles F. 2005. Recent Trends in Abortion and Contraception -
Unintended Pregnancy and Abortion in Burkina Faso: Causes And
Burkina/Executive Summary Unintended Pregnancy and Abortion in Burkina Faso: Causes and Consequences Executive Summary Induced abortion is permitted in Burkina Faso only to save the life and protect the health of a pregnant woman, or in cases of rape, incest, and severe fetal impairment. As a result, the vast majority of women who end unintended pregnancies do so in secrecy, out of fear of prosecution and to avoid the social stigma that surrounds this practice. Most clandestine abortions are carried out in unsafe conditions that jeopardize women’s health and sometimes their lives. This report presents estimates of the number and rate of induced abortions that occurred in Burkina Faso in 2008 and 2012; reports levels of unintended pregnancy (the major reason that women seek abortions in the first place); and describes some of the adverse consequences of unsafe abortion for women, their families and society. The incidence of abortion • Using findings from three national surveys, we can now estimate the level of induced abortion in Burkina Faso. In 2008, the rate was 25 pregnancy terminations for every 1,000 women aged 15–49. The rate was 23 per 1,000 in rural areas and 28 per 1,000 in Ouagadougou, but it was highest—42 per 1,000—in urban areas other than Ouagadougou. • The large differences between the country’s urban and rural areas in levels of unintended pregnancy and induced abortion are the result of cultural, ethnic, religious and demographic factors that influence sexual and reproductive behavior and attitudes in the two regions. The importance that couples and social groups place on having large families in an especially important factor. -
Forced Marriages and Barriers to Contraception in Burkina Faso
COERCED AND DENIED FORCED MARRIAGES AND BARRIERS TO CONTRACEPTION IN BURKINA FASO Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2016 Cover photo: Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed A shelter for survivors of forced marriages in Kaya, northeast Burkina Faso. under a Creative Commons (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, August 2015. © Sophie Garcia/Corbis international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2016 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street, London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: AFR 60/3851/2016 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 FORCED AND EARLY MARRIAGES 3 BARRIERS IMPEDING WOMEN’S AND GIRLS’ ACCESS TO CONTRACEPTION 5 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION AND UNSAFE ABORTIONS 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7 METHODOLOGY 8 1. EARLY AND FORCED -
Availability, Accessibility and Utilization of Post-Abortion Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Systematic Review
HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2019.1703991 REVIEW ARTICLE Availability, accessibility and utilization of post-abortion care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review Chimaraoke Izugbaraa, Frederick Murunga Wekesahb , Meroji Sebanya, Elizabeth Echokac, Joshua Amo-Adjeid, and Winstoun Mugab aInternational Center for Research on Women, Washington, D.C, USA; bAfrican Population & Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya; cCentre for Public Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute - KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya; dDepartment of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY At the 1994 ICPD, sub-Saharan African (SSA) states pledged, Received 28 June 2019 inter alia, to guarantee quality post-abortion care (PAC) serv- Accepted 9 December 2019 ices. We synthesized existing research on PAC services provi- sion, utilization and access in SSA since the 1994 ICPD. Generally, evidence on PAC is only available in a few countries in the sub-region. The available evidence however suggests that PAC constitutes a significant financial burden on public health systems in SSA; that accessibility, utilization and avail- ability of PAC services have expanded during the period; and that worrying inequities characterize PAC services. Manual and electrical vacuum aspiration and medication abortion drugs are increasingly common PAC methods in SSA, but poor-qual- ity treatment methods persist in many contexts. Complex socio-economic, infrastructural, cultural and political factors mediate the availability, accessibility and utilization of PAC services in SSA. Interventions that have been implemented to improve different aspects of PAC in the sub-region have had variable levels of success. Underexplored themes in the exist- ing literature include the individual and household level costs of PAC; the quality of PAC services; the provision of non-abor- tion reproductive health services in the context of PAC; and health care provider-community partnerships. -
Access to Abortion Reports
ACCESS TO ABORTION: An Annotated Bibliography of Reports and Scholarship Second edition (as of April 1, 2020) prepared by The International Reproductive and Sexual Health Law Program Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, Canada, 2020 http://www.law.utoronto.ca/documents/reprohealth/abortionbib.pdf Online Publication History: This edition: Access to Abortion: An Annotated Bibliography of Reports and Scholarship. “Second edition,” current to April 1 2020, published online August 31, 2020 at: http://www.law.utoronto.ca/documents/reprohealth/abortionbib.pdf Original edition: “Access to Abortion Reports: An Annotated Bibliography” (published online January 2008, slightly updated January 2009) has been moved to: http://www.law.utoronto.ca/documents/reprohealth/abortionbib2009.pdf Publisher: The International Reproductive and Sexual Health Law Program Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 78 Queen’s Park Crescent, Toronto Canada M5S 2A5 Website Reprohealthlaw Blog Contact: reprohealth.law{at}utoronto.ca Acknowledgements: We are most grateful to Professor Joanna Erdman for founding this bibliography in 2008-9. We are also indebted to Katelyn Sheehan (LL.M.) and Sierra Farr (J.D. candidate) for expertly collecting and analyzing new resources up to April 1, 2020, and to Sierra Farr for updating the introduction to this second edition. Updates: Kindly send suggestions for the next edition of this bibliography to: Professor Joanna Erdman, MacBain Chair in Health Law and Policy, Health Law Institute, Schulich School of Law, Dalhousie University, Email: joanna.erdman{at}dal.ca ACCESS TO ABORTION: An Annotated Bibliography of Reports and Scholarship, 2020 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: Widespread evidence indicates that abortion services remain inaccessible and inequitably available for many people despite legal entitlement.1 This is true in jurisdictions that permit abortion for specific indications (e.g. -
Abortion in Turkey: Women in Rural Areas and the Law
Abortion in Turkey: women in rural areas and the law MATERNAL DEATHS AND country in the Middle East and one of the This paper aims to emphasise that the UNSAFE ABORTIONS 20 most populous countries in the world. law for safe abortion services may itself Worldwide, an estimated 529 000 girls and Women constitute 36.1 million of the represent a barrier to service provision for women die of pregnancy-related causes population, and half of this number is of all women of reproductive age. each year, about one every minute, and reproductive age. Each year approximately many times that number suffer long-term 1.5 million births take place and 728 –1000 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH injuries and disabilities. Ninety-nine percent mothers die due to pregnancy-, delivery-, PRIORITIES IN TURKEY of all maternal deaths occur in the and birth-related complications. In Turkey, the reproductive health status of developing world. 1–5 Turkey has made progress in improving the population, particularly women, is low Direct causes of pregnancy-related reproductive health since the 1994 compared to other countries at the same deaths worldwide are: International Conference on Population level of development. In spite of improved and Development (ICPD), and the life expectancy, maternal and infant • severe bleeding, 25%; government has reflected the ICPD targets mortality rates are still above the regional • infection, 15%; and strategies in the country’s averages, as compared with Europe. Some • unsafe abortion, 13%; Development Plan. Furthermore, a National findings of the 2003 Turkish Demographic • hypertensive disorders, 12%; Strategic Plan for Women’s Health and Health Survey (TDHS) may be significant in • obstructed labour, 8%; and Family Planning was developed, which explaining the low status of reproductive • other, 8%. -
Family Planning’—Local Realities on Contraception and Abortion in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article Beyond ‘Family Planning’—Local Realities on Contraception and Abortion in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Seydou Drabo Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway; [email protected] Received: 2 October 2020; Accepted: 16 November 2020; Published: 19 November 2020 Abstract: Family planning has long been promoted within international health efforts because of its potential benefits for controlling population growth, reducing poverty and maternal and child mortality, empowering women, and enhancing environmental sustainability. In Burkina Faso, the government and donor partners share a commitment to ‘family planning’, notably by increasing the low uptake of ‘modern’ contraceptive methods in the general population and reducing recourse to induced abortion, which remains legally restricted. This paper presents ethnographic findings that show the complexity of family planning within the social context of women’s lives and care-seeking trajectories. It draws on participant observation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso’s capital, and interviews with women with a wide range of reproductive experiences and providers of family planning services. First, the paper shows that women’s use of contraceptive methods and abortion is embedded in the wider social dilemmas relating to marriage, sexuality, and gendered relationships. Second, it shows that women use contraceptives to meet a variety of needs other than those promoted in public health policies. Thus, while women’s use of contraceptive methods is often equated with family planning within public health research and health policy discourse, the uses women make of them imbue them with other meanings related to social, spiritual, or aesthetic goals. -
Packard Summary
Reducing Abortion Stigma Abortion stigma and its toll on young women Abortion is a very common procedure, and when carried out by a trained provider in line with WHO standards, is extremely safe1. Yet it continues to be shrouded in stigma, shame and secrecy. Stigma limits people’s knowledge of abortion, and is a major barrier to women seeking and accessing safe abortion services and information, even in countries where it is legally available. Stigma affects everyone, including women, families, service providers and whole communities. But young women bear the brunt of abortion stigma, due to taboos around young people’s sexuality and deep-rooted beliefs that young women cannot or should not make their own decisions about their bodies. Fear of being recognized by family and friends when visiting a clinic for an abortion, and fear of being judged by providers, leads many young women to avoid trained health professionals in formal medical settings2. Stigma drives abortion underground where it is more likely to be unsafe. More than two- thirds of abortions among adolescents occur in countries where abortion is highly restricted, and in 1 Guttmacher Institute (2018). ‘Abortion Worldwide 2017: Uneven Progress and Unequal Access’. 2 Guttmacher Institute (2016). ‘Adding it Up: Costs and Benefits of Meeting the Contraceptive Needs of Adolescents’ 1 these cases, women typically obtain unsafe abortions3. Compared with older women, adolescents are less likely to obtain safe abortions4. The reinstatement and expansion of the Global Gag Rule in January 2017 has bolstered efforts to silence discussion around abortion, fuel stigma and restrict access to safe abortion services. -
Comprehensive Abortion Care Pilot Project in Tigray, Ethiopia FINAL REPORT
May 2011 Comprehensive Abortion Care Pilot Project in Tigray, Ethiopia FINAL REPORT Tigray Regional Health Bureau (TRHB) is the semi-autonomous public health administrative body for the region of Tigray, Ethiopia. The Bureau is responsible for developing region-specific policy, implementing federal and regional public health programs, and overseeing all health service delivery. Venture Strategies Innovations (VSI) is a California-based nonprofit organization committed to improving women’s health in developing countries by creating access to effective and affordable technologies on a large scale. VSI’s innovative approach involves partnerships that build upon existing infrastructure, resources and markets. VSI focuses on reducing barriers to access and enhancing human capacity to bring about sustainable improvements in health. Bixby Center for Population, Health, and Sustainability is a research center located at the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) School of Public Health. The Center is dedicated to developing innovations to improve reproductive health in resource-poor settings, including reliable health information systems, local access to essential technologies, and guidelines for prioritizing interventions to maximize health impact. The Center assists in the implementation of maternal health programs and seeks to improve the health outcomes of the world’s poorest and most vulnerable women and their families. Tigray Regional Health Bureau P.O. Box 7 Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia Tel +251 34 440 02 22 / +251 34 440 93 66 Website: -
Post-Abortion Care with Misoprostol
Downloaded from http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ on March 1, 2018 - Published by group.bmj.com Open Access Research Post-abortion care with misoprostol – equally effective, safe and accepted when administered by midwives compared to physicians: a randomised controlled equivalence trial in a low- resource setting in Kenya Marlene Makenzius,1,2 Monica Oguttu,3 Marie Klingberg-Allvin,4,5 Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson,6,7 Theresa M A Odero,8 Elisabeth Faxelid1 To cite: Makenzius M, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Oguttu M, Klingberg-Allvin M, Objective To assess the effectiveness of midwives et al. Post-abortion care administering misoprostol to women with incomplete with misoprostol – equally ► Despite a restrictive abortion law the follow-up rate abortion seeking post-abortion care (PAC), compared with effective, safe and accepted was considered high. physicians. when administered by ► A large sample size Design A multicentre randomised controlled equivalence midwives compared to ► A rigorous project design and trial implementation physicians: a randomised trial. The study was not masked. was adopted in collaboration with Ministry of Health, controlled equivalence Settings Gynaecological departments in two hospitals in different cadres of healthcare providers, leaders, trial in a low-resource a low-resource setting, Kenya. NGOs and universities. setting in Kenya. BMJ Open Population Women (n=1094) with incomplete abortion in ► District hospitals are usually more advanced 2017;7:e016157. doi:10.1136/ the first trimester, seeking PAC between 1 June 2013 to 31 bmjopen-2017-016157 regarding staffing and resources and might May 2016. Participants were randomly assigned to receive therefore not be representative of the small health ► Prepublication history and treatment from midwives or physicians. -
A Discourse Analysis of the Abortion Debate in Turkey and the United States
T.C. KADİR HAS UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF AMERICAN CULTURE AND LITERATURE A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE ABORTION DEBATE IN TURKEY AND THE UNITED STATES M.A. THESIS IN AMERICAN STUDIES BY SULTAN KOMUT İSTANBUL, 2009 T.C. KADİR HAS UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF AMERICAN CULTURE AND LITERATURE A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE ABORTION DEBATE IN TURKEY AND THE UNITED STATES M.A. THESIS IN AMERICAN STUDIES BY SULTAN KOMUT ADVISOR ASSIST.PROF. MARY LOU O’NEIL İSTANBUL, 2009 iv ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to observe and analyze abortion issue in the contexts of Turkey and America via various written and spoken discourses such as; religion, ethic, economy, social norms and women's rights and thus comparing these two countries. Throughout the representation of Turkish society's view on abortion, the predominant religion of the country; Islam and its regulations have been the main focus as they are the inevitable parts of forming the traditions, beliefs and behaviors of the society and thus affecting people's discourses on the cores of abortion issue which are mainly sexuality, virginity, honor killing and social codes. In the second part of the study, American people's views on the abortion debate have been examined through the opposing discourses of pro-life and pro-choice supporters who make abortion a hot issue throughout the country, which influences even the politics. This study does not mean to be a discourse analysis but an overview of the abortion debate in Turkey and America by means of various discourses prevalent in both countries. -
CEDAW) Office of the High Commissioners for Human Rights Geneva, Switzerland
Oct. 1, 2017 Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) Office of the High Commissioners for Human Rights Geneva, Switzerland RE: Supplementary information on Burkina Faso scheduled for review by the CEDAW Committee during its 68th session in October 2017. Dear Committee Members: This shadow letter is intended to complement the periodic report submitted by the State of Burkina Faso for your consideration during the 68th session of the CEDAW Committee. This letter is intended to provide the Committee with information about Burkina Faso’s violations of CEDAW that result from the State’s restrictive abortion law. Articles 383-390 of Burkina Faso’s 1996 Penal Code prohibit abortion except to preserve the life or health of the mother, in case of rape or incest, or if the fetus will have a severe and incurable abnormality, which at least two doctors in a public facility must attest to. In case of rape or incest, abortion is permitted through 10 weeks of gestation and in cases of rape, the state prosecutor must establish the cause for abortion.1 A person who carries out an abortion is subject to one to five years’ imprisonment and imposition of a fine of 300,000 to 1,500,000 CFA francs if it is performed outside the above grounds. The reproductive health law (Law No. 049- 2005/AN) which was passed in 2005 reaffirms the conditions of the penal code under Article 25. The restrictive law violates Article 2(f) of the Convention, which requires State Parties to “take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify