1 2 Is the Black Harrier Circus maurus a specialist predator? Assessing the diet of 3 a threatened raptor species endemic to Southern Africa 4 5 Marie-Sophie Garcia-Heras1, François Mougeot2, Beatriz Arroyo2, Graham Avery3,4 , 6 Margaret D. Avery3 & Robert E. Simmons1 7 8 1Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Private 9 Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. 10 2Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de 11 Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain. 12 3Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000, South Africa. 13 4Archaeology Department, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, 14 South Africa 15 16 Correspondence: Marie-Sophie Garcia-Heras, Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST-NRF Centre of 17 Excellence, University of Cape Town, private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa. 18 Email:
[email protected] 19 ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3460-5484 20 21 22 23 Keywords: 24 Specialist predator, food requirements, small mammal, South Africa, Fynbos, Karoo 25 1 26 Abstract 27 Studying the diet of wild animals is central for understanding their flexibility in food requirements. 28 The Black Harrier Circus maurus is an endangered raptor in South Africa and Namibia. To date, 29 information about the diet of the species is insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of their 30 ecology. We studied the diet composition of breeding Black Harriers using ca. 1000 pellets (> 1700 31 identified prey) collected at nest sites in two geographical regions (coastal vs. interior-mountain) 32 over 10 breeding seasons (2006-2015).