BTI 2018 Country Report Romania This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2018. It covers the period from February 1, 2015 to January 31, 2017. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2018 Country Report — Romania. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2018. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Contact Bertelsmann Stiftung Carl-Bertelsmann-Strasse 256 33111 Gütersloh Germany Sabine Donner Phone +49 5241 81 81501
[email protected] Hauke Hartmann Phone +49 5241 81 81389
[email protected] Robert Schwarz Phone +49 5241 81 81402
[email protected] Sabine Steinkamp Phone +49 5241 81 81507
[email protected] BTI 2018 | Romania 3 Key Indicators Population M 19.7 HDI 0.802 GDP p.c., PPP $ 23626 Pop. growth1 % p.a. -0.6 HDI rank of 188 50 Gini Index 27.5 Life expectancy years 75.0 UN Education Index 0.791 Poverty3 % 4.5 Urban population % 54.7 Gender inequality2 0.339 Aid per capita $ - Sources (as of October 2017): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2017 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2016. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary In the last few years, Romania has consolidated the independence of its judiciary and seen solid results by flagship anti-corruption institutions DNA and ANI, which became recognized internationally.