DOCSLIB.ORG

Open Radeva Thesis.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts PHILANTHROPY, THE WELFARE STATE, AND EARLY TWENTIETH-CENTURY LITERATURE A Thesis in English by Milena Todorova Radeva © 2007 Milena Todorova Radeva Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2007 ii The thesis of Milena Todorova Radeva was reviewed and approved* by the following: Mark Morrisson Associate Professor of English Thesis Advisor Chair of Committee Janet Lyon Associate Professor of English and Women’s Studies Joan Landes Ferree Professor of History and Women’s Studies Vincent A. Lankewish Special Member Robert Caserio Professor of English Head of the Department of English *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT “Philanthropy, Welfare, and Early Twentieth-Century Literature” furthers the discussion of modernist literature and its relationship to modernity by showing the role of the philanthropy- versus-welfare debates in early twentieth-century fiction. I examine works by Virginia Woolf, Vita Sackville-West, Rebecca West, Ernest Hemingway, Anzia Yezierska, Edith Wharton, Wyndham Lewis, and E.M. Forster in the context of philanthropy, the birth of welfare, the professionalization of social work, the crisis of liberalism, the disintegration of the British Empire, immigration in the United States, and World War I. In addition to my inquiry into the historically constructed discourses and practices of philanthropy, I position my discussion of literature in relationship to recent critiques of Habermas’s account of the disintegration of the bourgeois public sphere and to Derrida’s work on the gift, and I argue that artistic engagements with philanthropy helped define twentieth-century notions about how to govern; how to conceive of class and gender boundaries; how to give; and how to market one’s labor, whether physical or intellectual. Early twentieth-century writers participated in the debates that shaped such milestones of contemporary social policy as the 1911 Insurance Act in Britain and Progressive and New Deal legislation in the United States. In order to trace the writers’ engagement with this “New Philanthropy,” I study recent scholarly works as well as contemporary publications like The Charities Review, The Salvation Army Yearbook, C.S. Loch’s Annual Charities and Digest, Burdett’s Hospital and Charities; modernist periodicals such as Blast, The Enemy, and The Egoist; and government documents like the “Louisiana Mothers’ Pension Statute” (1939) and the Hansard Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Law and Relief of Distress and the “Louisiana Mothers’ Pension Statute” (1909). For most modern and modernist writers, as well as for Derrida, neither the state-based economy of gift-giving nor philanthropy represents true giving. As phenomena of giving, both philanthropy and welfare annul the gift. Yet modern writers’ discourses of philanthropy, welfare, and altruism are movements towards the promise of the gift; and just as they render an account of the (im)possibility of true giving, they carve out a place for modernist subjectivity, the modernist artist, the “New Woman,” the poor, the immigrant, and the colonial subject in the turbulent first decades of the twentieth century. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........................................................................................vi Introduction..................................................................................................................1 Modernist Writers and Philanthropy ....................................................................2 Why Philanthropy and Welfare? ..........................................................................5 A History of British Philanthropy.........................................................................7 Methodology and Approach .................................................................................10 Women-Writers, Altruism, and Philanthropy in Early Twentieth-Century Britain.....23 Modernist Engagements with Philanthropy..........................................................25 All Passion Spent and Upper-Class Philanthropy.................................................29 “Charity Up-to-Date”: British Philanthropy Becomes Professional ....................34 Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, and the New Philanthropy............................37 Between Old Philanthropy and the New: Mrs. Dalloway .............................38 The Gift of Painting: To the Lighthouse .......................................................44 The Causes of Poverty and Virginia Woolf’s Three Guineas .......................48 Three Guineas................................................................................................49 Conclusion ............................................................................................................57 Empire and Welfare .....................................................................................................59 Introduction...........................................................................................................59 Historical Perspectives on Empire and Welfare. ..................................................63 The Judge, The Salvation Army, and the “Little Englander.”..............................68 E. M. Forster, V. Sackville-West, and British Philanthropy in India...................77 All Passion Spent ..................................................................................................83 Rebecca West and the Balkans.............................................................................86 At the Margins of Europe..............................................................................86 “Never in the Balkans has Empire meant trusteeship.”.................................90 Rebecca West’s Philanthropy: Pleasure and Public Spirit ............................96 Rebecca West’s Feminist Historiography .....................................................104 Conclusion ............................................................................................................109 American Philanthropy: the Great War, Immigration, and the Progressive Era .........110 Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Conceptions of American Philanthropy .....110 Giving Beyond the Gift ........................................................................................1144 Edith Wharton and Charity: The Philanthropist Herself ......................................119 “The Refugees” .............................................................................................129 Fighting France. From Dunkerque to Belport ..............................................133 Summer..........................................................................................................136 The House of Mirth .......................................................................................144 v Yezierska and the Object of Philanthropy............................................................149 Charity Organization, Progressivism, and Social Work in the US................1522 Yezierska and Philanthropy...........................................................................157 Yezierska and the Settlement Movement ......................................................168 John Dewey and the Progressive Movement.................................................177 Conclusion ............................................................................................................188 Wyndham Lewis and the Gift of Egoism ....................................................................191 Altruism and The Egoist .......................................................................................191 Liberals, Individualists, and State Philanthropy...................................................1933 Wyndham Lewis’s Public Persona: The Enemy as Philanthropist.......................199 Hobson, Rymer, and Satire...................................................................................202 The Occult Power of Philanthropy: Left Wing Over Europe, “The Death of the Ankou,” and The Art of Being Ruled.............................................................209 “The Death of the Ankou”....................................................................................2122 The Art of Being Ruled ........................................................................................217 Severity and Generosity in Tarr (1918)...............................................................220 Abject Bodies and Abject Relationships in Childermass.....................................225 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................2303 0 Ernest Hemingway and the “New” Philanthropy ........................................................2311 Whimsical Philanthropy: A Moveable Feast ........................................................2333 Hemingway’s Soldiers and Mothers: A Farewell to Arms and the Great War.....240 Soldiers, Mothers, and American Philanthropy ............................................240 The American Red Cross and the Great War ................................................2444 The Gift of the Abject: “A Way You Will Never Be” ..................................2511 To Have and Have Not: Family, Violence, and the New Deal.............................256 “The Poor and the Lowly” and the New Deal...............................................2577
Recommended publications
  • Elections 1910 and 2010

    Elections 1910 and 2010

    For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 68 / Autumn 2010 / £6.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Elections 1910 and 2010 Ian Packer The 1910 general elections Turning points in British politics? John Curtice The 2010 election Has the mould of British politics finally cracked? Mark Pack The 1910 and 2010 elections Continuity and change in election campaigning Steve Belzak Swinging in the ’60s to the Liberals Mary Murphy and Pontypridd UDC Jonathan Calder Searching for Paddy Logan Discovering Harborough’s Liberal history Liberal Democrat History Group Liberal Leaders of the Nineteenth Century The latest publication from the Liberal Democrat History Group is Liberal Leaders: Leaders of the Liberal Party 1828– 1899. The forty-page booklet contains concise biographies of every Liberal leader from the Great Reform Act to the end of the nineteeth century – the heyday of the Liberal Party. The total of eleven biographies stretches from Lord Grey to Sir William Harcourt, including such towering figures as Viscout Melbourne, Lord John Russell, Lord Palmerston and William Ewart Gladstone. Liberal Leaders of the Nineteenth Century is available to Journal of Liberal History subscribers for the special price of £3.50 (normal price £4) with free p&p. To order, please send a cheque for £3.50 (made out to ‘Liberal Democrat History Group’) to LDHG, 38 Salford Road, London SW2 4BQ. Liberal Leaders of the Twentieth Century The companion volume from the Liberal Democrat History Group is Liberal Leaders: Leaders of the Liberal Party, SDP and Liberal Democrats since 1900. The sixty-page booklet contains concise biographies of every Liberal, Social Democrat and Liberal Democrat leader since 1900.
  • Proquest Dissertations

    Proquest Dissertations

    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print t>leedthrough. substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to t>e removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in ttie original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 UMI* CHARITY WORK AS NATION-BUILDING: AMERICAN JEWISH WOMEN AND THE CRISES DSr EUROPE AND PALESTINE, 1914-1930 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Mary McCune, M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2000 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Susan M.
  • Critical Companion to James Joyce : a Literary Reference to His Life and Work / A

    Critical Companion to James Joyce : a Literary Reference to His Life and Work / A

    CRITICAL COMPANION TO James Joyce A Literary Reference to His Life and Work A. NICHOLAS FARGNOLI MICHAEL PATRICK GILLESPIE Critical Companion to James Joyce: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work Copyright © 2006 by A. Nicholas Fargnoli and Michael Patrick Gillespie This is a revised edition of James Joyce A to Z: The Essential Reference to His Life and Work. Copyright 1995 by A. Nicholas Fargnoli and Michael Patrick Gillespie All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permis- sion in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fargnoli, A. Nicholas. Critical companion to James Joyce : a literary reference to his life and work / A. Nicholas Fargnoli and Michael Patrick Gillespie.—[Rev. ed.]. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: James Joyce A to Z : The essential reference to his life and work. 1995. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-6232-3 (acid-free paper) 1. Joyce, James, 1882–1941—Handbook, manuals, etc. 2. Novelists, Irish— 20th century—Biography—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Ireland—In literature—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Gillespie, Michael Patrick. II. Fargnoli, A. Nicholas. James Joyce A to Z. III. Title. PR6019.O9Z533376 2006 823’.912—dc22 2005015721 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions.
  • The Record 2012/13

    The Record 2012/13

    The Record 2012/13 The Record 2012/13 contents 5 Letter from the Warden 6 The Fellowship 9 Fellowship Elections and Appointments 9 Fellows’ Obituaries 13 JCR & MCR Elections 13 Undergraduate Scholarships 15 Matriculation 18 College Awards and Prizes 21 Academic Distinctions 22 Higher Degrees 23 Fellows’ Publications 30 Sports and Games 35 Clubs and Societies 37 The Chapel 38 Parishes Update 39 The Library and Archive 40 Old Members’ Obituaries 52 News of Old Members letter from the warden I write this as the autumn season is clearly beginning and I watch that change through the leaves of the marvellous copper beech in Pusey Quad. Sadly, during August, a large branch fell off in the middle of the night, victim so the experts said to the phenomenon of ’summer drop’. Much to our relief we have been assured that the tree is otherwise in good health, subject to some pruning to balance what remains. So far as I’m aware that is the only negative change in the physical aspect of the College that I need to report. Work has continued on aspects of the fabric to ensure that the original Butterfield buildings are preserved and, where appropriate, enhanced. This has included a further phase of refurbishment of the rooms in Liddon Quad and of some of the floor tiling in the Hall. The main elements of a new lighting scheme in the Chapel have also been completed and, as a result, three valuable outcomes have been achieved: the mosaics are now visible,The Light of the World is lit to much better effect and the choir is able to read the music its members so ably perform.
  • And Early Twentieth-Century American Novels

    And Early Twentieth-Century American Novels

    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2012 Living Pictures: Performances of Jewishness in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century American Novels Nevena Stojanovic West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Stojanovic, Nevena, "Living Pictures: Performances of Jewishness in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century American Novels" (2012). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 4925. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4925 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Living Pictures: Performances of Jewishness in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century American Novels Nevena Stojanovic Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements
  • FLUID IDENTITIES: EAST EUROPEAN IMMIGRANT NARRATIVES in TURN- OF-THE-CENTURY AMERICA by Ljiljana Coklin Faculty of Arts Graduate

    FLUID IDENTITIES: EAST EUROPEAN IMMIGRANT NARRATIVES in TURN- OF-THE-CENTURY AMERICA by Ljiljana Coklin Faculty of Arts Graduate

    FLUID IDENTITIES: EAST EUROPEAN IMMIGRANT NARRATIVES IN TURN- OF-THE-CENTURY AMERICA by Ljiljana Coklin Faculty of Arts Graduate Program in English Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Graduate Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario August, 1999 O Ljiljana Coklin 1999 National Library Bibliotheque nationale 191 of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington Ottawa ON KIA ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Volre derence Our fiJe Notre reference The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde me licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive pennettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, pr&er, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette these sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de rnicrofiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format Bectronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriete du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protege cette these. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent Ctre imprimes reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Dissertation Abstract I examine turn-of-the-century East European immigrant narratives written by Jewish writers in America (1 900-1 935): Anzia Yezierska's Salome of the Tenements (1923). Abraham Cahan's The Rise of David Levinsky (191 7), and Henry Roth's Call It Sleep (1934).
  • An Introductory History of British Broadcasting

    An Introductory History of British Broadcasting

    An Introductory History of British Broadcasting ‘. a timely and provocative combination of historical narrative and social analysis. Crisell’s book provides an important historical and analytical introduc- tion to a subject which has long needed an overview of this kind.’ Sian Nicholas, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television ‘Absolutely excellent for an overview of British broadcasting history: detailed, systematic and written in an engaging style.’ Stephen Gordon, Sandwell College An Introductory History of British Broadcasting is a concise and accessible history of British radio and television. It begins with the birth of radio at the beginning of the twentieth century and discusses key moments in media history, from the first wireless broadcast in 1920 through to recent developments in digital broadcasting and the internet. Distinguishing broadcasting from other kinds of mass media, and evaluating the way in which audiences have experienced the medium, Andrew Crisell considers the nature and evolution of broadcasting, the growth of broadcasting institutions and the relation of broadcasting to a wider political and social context. This fully updated and expanded second edition includes: ■ The latest developments in digital broadcasting and the internet ■ Broadcasting in a multimedia era and its prospects for the future ■ The concept of public service broadcasting and its changing role in an era of interactivity, multiple channels and pay per view ■ An evaluation of recent political pressures on the BBC and ITV duopoly ■ A timeline of key broadcasting events and annotated advice on further reading Andrew Crisell is Professor of Broadcasting Studies at the University of Sunderland. He is the author of Understanding Radio, also published by Routledge.
  • Sir George Paish: Ambassador of Free Trade

    Sir George Paish: Ambassador of Free Trade

    SIR GEORGE PAISH: AMBASSADOR OF FREE TRADE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF LIBERTY UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY DR. HOMER H. BLASS, CHAIR DR. DOUGLAS MANN BY JENNIFER D. BOLAN APRIL 15, 2011 LYNCHBURG, VA CONTENTS Introduction A ―Little Understood‖ Life 1 Chronological Overview 1 Family Life 4 Historiography 6 Historical Significance and Major Themes 11 Chapter 1 ―The Last Shall Be First‖: From Night School to Knighthood 14 Early Writing Career (1900-1909) 14 Advising David Lloyd George and Hopes for Peace (1909-1914) 28 Wartime Work in the Treasury (1914-1915) 35 Post-Treasury Activities (1915-1916) 48 Mental Collapse and Recovery – Looking Towards the Post-War World (1916-1918) 51 Chapter 2 The ―Unanswerable Logic‖ of Economics: Reparations, Credit, and Debt in the Post-War World 56 Post-War Observations on Germany and the Peace (1918-1919) 57 Initial Appeals for American Help (1920-1922) 59 Proposals for Helping the Continent (1922-1925) 69 Proposal for Free Trade as Crisis Prevention (1925-1927) 74 Chapter 3 The ―Unwelcome Truth‖ of ―Unprecedented Danger‖: The Great Depression and World War II 83 Proposal for Recovery – A Global Worldview of Economic Policy (1931-1934) 83 Proposal for Recovery – Strengthening the League of Nations (1934-1936) 93 Failure of Recovery – Omens of War (1936-1939) 96 World War II (1939-1945) 102 Conclusion 110 Bibliography 115 ii Introduction: A ―Little Understood‖ Life1 Chronological Overview From the latter half of the nineteenth century through the early years of the twentieth, Europe knew greater prosperity than any earlier era.
  • AEBBA Newsletter Editorial

    AEBBA Newsletter Editorial

    All England Bar Billiards The bi-monthly newsletter of the All Issue 49 Jan/Feb 2017 England Bar Billiards Association AEBBA Newsletter Editorial The bar billiards year started with the Oxon Open in February. Keith AEBBA Officers Sheard, who doesn’t really play much these days played superbly to win the title, proving that the class is always there and top players don’t forget how to win big matches. Hopefully this win will tempt Keith to play more events. President His win also is his 17th major individual title, putting him 2nd in the all time Phil Hawkins list, although a fair few behind Kevin’s 70 titles. Chairman A busy March and April are coming up with the AEBBA British Pairs combin- Pete Sainsbury ing with the home international v Guernsey at the Queens Hotel in Bournemouth. The unique 4 pin event will have its 5th running in Sudbury, and in April we have the Surrey Treasurer Open. Chrissie Newson Secretary/ Tournament Oxon Open @ Didcot Con Club, Didcot, 11th February 2017 Director Dave Alder Keith Sheard (pictured right) won the first open of 2017 by winning the Assistant Chairman Oxfordshire Open. This is Keith’s 17th national title and his first since winning the Berkshire Open in 2013. Keith beat Mark Trafford in the Kevin Tunstall final. Keith was in fine form all day and set Mark a 17k target in the final on a tricky table, Mark broke down on 5k in reply. World Record Bar Billiard Score Keith started with comfortable wins over fellow Oxon players Sid It is not easy to trace back the chronology of Ponting & Phil Griffin.
  • THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Samuel Beckett and The

    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Samuel Beckett and The

    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Samuel Beckett and the Irish Bull A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of English School of Arts and Sciences Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Edmund Campion Walsh Washington, D.C. 2015 Samuel Beckett and the Irish Bull Edmund Campion Walsh, Ph.D. Director: Christopher Wheatley, Ph.D. “What is that unforgettable line?” This question, asked by Winnie in Samuel Beckett’s play Happy Days, epitomizes an enduring tradition for a decidedly non-traditional writer—the Irish bull. As much as he tried to distance himself from it, Beckett was the product of a culture that gave birth to writers from George Farquhar to Sean O’Casey, writers who trafficked in the self-contradictory utterances known as Irish bulls. Beckett’s Irish background and his use of bulls have received scholarly scrutiny in the past, but his place in the long-running tradition of bulls in Irish literature has not been thoroughly examined. Beckett was the inheritor of a legacy that traces back to seventeenth-century joke books and eighteenth-century stage conventions, a legacy kept alive by Maria Edgeworth’s novels, Dion Boucicault’s melodramas, Oscar Wilde’s satires, and the nationalist drama of the Abbey Theatre. By abstracting his settings and characters, Beckett achieved one of the major goals of the Abbey and its Irish predecessors: to reform prejudicial stereotypes found in stage Irish buffoonery. If characters stripped of national identities can utter as many or more bulls than stage Irish characters, self-contradiction is not merely the trait of a colonial people struggling with the English language.
  • A Brief History of American Literature

    A Brief History of American Literature

    A Brief History of American Literature A Brief History of American Literature Richard Gray © 2011 Richard Gray. ISBN: 978-1-405-19231-6 A Brief History of American Literature Richard Gray This edition first published 2011 Ó 2011 Richard Gray Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley- blackwell. The right of Richard Gray to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks.
  • The Freeman 1999

    The Freeman 1999

    Ideas On: Liberty ~ June 1999 Vol. 49, No.6 8 The Professionalization of Parenthood by Susan Orr 11 Children's Real Enemy by John Hood 16 The Second Amendment in the Light of American Republicanism by Joseph R. Stromberg 23 The Reserve Requirement Debacle of 1935-1938 by Richard H Timberlake 130 The Great Gold Robbery by James Bovard 125 Market-Share Sophisms by Christopher Mayer 39 The Market and Political Freedom by John Marangos 42 Against the Tide: The Life of Francis W. Hirst by Mark Brady 48 Educational Savior? by Daniel Hager 4 THOUGHTS on FREEDOM-Government Is No God by Donald J. Boudreaux 21 IDEAS and CONSEQUENCES-A Tax Is Not a User Fee! by Lawrence W Reed 33 POTOMAC PRINCIPLES-Balkans Bungling: Why Only Congress Can Declare War by Doug Bandow 37 PERIPATETICS-The Permanent War by Sheldon Richman 146 ECONOMIC NOTIONS-Private Property and Opportunity Costs by Dwight R. Lee 52 ECONOMICS on TRIAL-New Possibilities for Our Grandchildren by Mark Skousen 63 THE PURSUIT of HAPPINESS-Nothing's Free by Russell Roberts 2 Perspective-When Bullies Take Power by Sheldon Richman 6 Workers Exploited? It Just Ain't So! by Donald J. Boudreaux 51 Capital Letters: Does Survival Trump Morality? 54 Book Reviews A Life of One's Own: Individual Rights and the Welfare State by David Kelley, reviewed by Ellen Frankel Paul; Mugwumps: Public Moralists of the Gilded Age by David M. Tucker, reviewed by Burton Folsom; Who Killed Homer? The Demise of Classical Education and the Recovery of Greek Wisdom by Victor Davis Hanson and John Heath, reviewed by Fred D.