Issue no: 1105 • NOV. 30 - DEC. 3, 2018 • PUBLISHED TWICE WEEKLY PRICE: GEL 2.50

In this week’s issue... EU-Armenia Committee Meets for First Time Under Partnership Agreement NEWS PAGE 2 The Power of Democracy is Proven POLITICS PAGE 5 Russia & Ukraine: Calm on Land, War at Sea POLITICS PAGE 6 The Paris Peace FOCUS Forum ON THE NEW POLITICS PAGE 8 Mamuka Khazaradze PRESIDENT Awarded Special Turning GD's Salome Zurabishvili is chosen as the next President of Points Award for Anaklia by 59.7% of the voters PAGE 4 Port project BUSINESS PAGE 10 Book on to be Dusheti to Get Major Rehab Released in Georgian BY SAMANTHA GUTHRIE

usheti, a municipality in Georgia’s Mtskheta-Mtianeti region, has been slotted for a major revival. The main town of municipality, Dush- eti, is located about an hour north Dof , with a population of 6,167 people as SOCIETY PAGE 12 of the 2014 census. The municipality as a whole has a population of close to 26,000. It has limited tourist infrastructure, but its location is ideal for Georgian Wrestling - tourism, halfway between Tbilisi and Kazbegi or the Gudauri ski resort, near Bazaleti Lake and Intangible Cultural Heritage the striking combination of the Ananuri Fortress and Zhinvali Reservoir, and is set into a beauti- of Humanity ful mountain backdrop along the Dushetiskhevi CULTURE PAGE 15 (Dusheti Valley) River. The municipality has a long history, including as an agriculture and light industry center during Soviet times and as home to German prisoners in the 19th century. On Tuesday, Minister of Regional Develop- ment and Infrastructure and Vice Prime Min- ister Maia Tskitishvili, Minister of Environment Image source: Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure Protection and Agriculture Levan Davitashvili, Mtskheta-Mtianeti Governor Shalva Keresel- Regional Development and Infrastructure. The ers, repaving walkways throughout the park, idze, the Majoritarian MP, and self-government project was fi nanced by the World Bank at a and repairing fountains. Within the project, representatives attended a ceremony in Dush- cost of more than 2.7 million GEL ($1,005,586). work was also done to repair the roof of the eti to celebrate the opening of a public park The renovation included installing new runoff Church of St. Nicholas, located in the park. that had been renovated by the Ministry of drains, planting green bushes, trees, and fl ow- Continued on page 11 GEORGIA TODAY 2 NEWS NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 Foreign Political Leaders Congratulate Salome Zurabishvili

Politicians also took to Twitter to BY AMY JONES express their congratulations. The Pres- ident of Dalia Grybauskaite wrote, “Congratulations to President- he French Foreign Ministry elect of Georgia Salome Zurabishvili – has released a statement best luck serving your country and its announcing its readiness people!” whilst the President of Ukraine to cooperate with newly said, “ My congratula- elected Salome Zurabish- tions to Salome Zurabishvili on her elec- Tvili. tion as . I wish you, “France extends its most sincere con- every success in ensuring Georgia’s gratulations to her [Zurabishvili] and democratic European development and wishes her every success in the perfor- consolidation of society. I’m convinced mance of her duties,” read the statement. of the further deepening of strategic Underlining the “excellent relationship” partnership between our two nations.” between the two countries, it expresses Zurabishvili will be inaugurated as the wish to further strengthen their rela- President of Georgia on 16 December tions by collaborating together. 2018. EU-Armenia Committee Meets for First Time Under Partnership Agreement n 27 November, the EU and reform and modernisation of the country, the coming years, including in the fi elds Armenia held the fi rst meet- help attract EU investment, stimulate of transport, energy, environment, cli- ing of the Partnership Com- exchanges with the EU and provide con- mate action, taxation and consumer mittee under the EU-Arme- crete benefi ts for both EU and Armenian protection. nia Comprehensive and citizens. The EU and Armenia agreed to continue OEnhanced Partnership Agreement (CEPA). The Partnership Committee discussed promoting the mobility of citizens through At the meeting, the EU reiterated its the draft CEPA implementation roadmap the visa-facilitation and readmission support for the Armenian Government's prepared by the Armenian Government. agreements and consider in due course reform process. The EU representatives The CEPA foresees that Armenia the opening of a visa-liberalisation dia- also highlighted that the implementation approximates its laws with the EU leg- logue, provided that conditions for well- of the CEPA would be a key tool for the islation referred to in the agreement in managed and secure mobility are in place. Photo: European Union GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 NEWS 3 Economy Ministry Denies Wizz Air Will Be Expelled from Georgian Market

The statement of the ministry reads fl ight schedule is approved in accordance BY THEA MORRISON that air movement between Georgia and with the terms of this agreement, adding the European Union is carried out under the allegations about any kind of restric- the Unifi ed Airspace Agreement signed tions from the State are groundless. Image source: Wizz Air eorgia’s Ministry of Econ- in 2010. The information that Georgia plans to restrict competition in the fi eld of pas- are being “deliberately delayed.” omy and Sustainable Devel- “Based on the conditions of this Agree- make Wizz Air leave the market was senger transportation. The opposition MP calls on the gov- opment has rejected claims ment, procedures for admitting aviation spread by HUB Georgia, which reported “In fact, the Ministry of Economy has ernment not to make the wrong decision, that the government plans companies to the markets of various on November 27 that the “government decided to expel airline Wizz Air from to promote competition and to allow to force Hungarian low- countries have been simplifi ed and are had been putting pressure on the com- the Georgian market,” said Urushadze. Wizz Air to continue its activities. Gcost airline Wizz Air to leave the Geor- based on liberal principles which mean pany, a process suspended due to the The information was also confi rmed Wizz Air also rejected the rumors, stat- gian market. there are no restrictions on the number presidential elections in the country.” by member of the parliamentary minor- ing they have no plans to leave the mar- The Ministry says such disinformation of airlines, fl ight frequencies, tariffs, air- HUB Georgia Executive Director Vasil ity European Georgia, Giorgi Kandelaki, ket, but to rather to expand their activi- harms the business environment in Geor- craft types or destination points,” the Urushadze said he was told by a source who claimed PM is ties and services in Georgia. gia, adding Wizz Air has been expanding statement reads. that the government plans to make cer- close to one of the other airline compa- Wizz Air has been carrying out fl ights its activities (here) annually and is suc- The ministry explains that for Wizz Air, tain changes to the aviation market, add- nies and the procedures of approving from Kutaisi International Airport since cessfully operating on the market. as with any other European airline, the ing that in particular they intend to the winter schedule of Wizz Air fl ights 2012. Where Will Georgia’s New President Live?

Before his election, Margvelashvili a representation. BY THEA MORRISON stated that he would not take the Presi- There are no legal norms that can make dential Palace in Avlabari built by ex- the President change their offi cial resi- President , due to the dence. However, GD has also been push- eorgia has a new President- high cost of its original construction and ing the fact that the Avlabari palace will elect, the ruling Georgian subsequent maintenance, which amounts not be a place of residence for the new Dream (GD) favorite to up to GEL 3 million monthly from the president. Salome Zurabishvili, and state budget. The government has also yet to make it has been said she will He changed his mind after being elected an offi cial comment regarding the new Gnot be moving into the Presidential Pal- and stated that he would not leave the president’s residence, however, as ace, located in the Avlabari district of Avlabari building, which resulted in a Mamuka Bakhtadze, the Prime Minister Orbeliani Palace and Tbilisi, once the outgoing President disagreement between him and the gov- of Georgia, stated, “the President and Avlabari Palace. Image Giorgi Margvelashvili leaves. ernment. Zurabishvili, since the exit their Administration should not cost the source: amerikiskhma.com During the pre-election campaign, polls, has not offi cially stated where she state as much as it has.” Zurabishvili mentioned several times plans to live but her election program Moreover, earlier this year, the Parlia- that she would not live in the Avlabari reads the President should live in the ment Speaker and the Head of Zurabish- residence if she became President, not- Orbeliani residence. vili’s Election Headquarters, Irakli Kob- ing it is a state-owned building where “The Avlabari residence is a symbol of akhidze, noted that it is not necessary the country's premier or foreign minis- the State. This is why the Prime Minis- for the President to live in the Presiden- try would be better placed than the ter or Foreign Minister should live there, tial Palace. President’s Administration. or for it to be a common place for receiv- “The President’s Palace should be in The ruling GD has several times raised ing foreign guests,” she stated. compliance with the President’s role and the issue of the Avlabari residence, urg- The program also reads that the Pres- function,” Kobakhidze said, adding that ing Giorgi Margvelashvili to move into ident's Administration must have intense consultations will be held in GD regard- the Orbeliani residence on Atoneli Street, communication with citizens, where ing the issue. the decision that should be made on the the ruling team. They say the President’s Old Tbilisi, which was prepared for him gender balance should be maintained “The next president should also be basis of general principles," he said. institute is of utmost importance and after his election in 2013. and persons with disabilities should have involved in these consultations. This is The opposition does not agree with should have a proper residence. GEORGIA TODAY 4 POLITICS NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 Georgia Elects First Female President vili’s level of Georgian and language BY AMY JONES blunders became commonplace during campaigning. Born into a family of Geor- gian political emigrants, she fi rst visited alome Zurabishvili was elected Georgia in 1986 at the age of 36. She went the 5th president of Georgia on to become involved in politics, being in the presidential runoffs on appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs 28 November. As the first after the from 2004 - woman to ever run and suc- 2005 under Mikhail Saakashvili. Sceed in the race for the presidential seat, Her popularity was negatively affected her win is a historic moment for Georgia. by controversial claims regarding the In the fi nal results released by the CEC, 2008 war. “Russia started the war a dec- Zurabishvili rose victorious with 1.147,627 ade ago. We were tricked by a Russian votes (59.52%) compared to 780,633 votes provocation and Georgia started this (40.48%) for Grigol Vashadze of the part of the war situation. This is a very UNM. Zurabishvili led in all election well-known version also confi rmed by districts aside from Rustavi and Telavi. the EU,” said Zurabishvili, although she Supported by the ruling party, Georgian later changed her stance, realizing it was Dream, many are unsurprised an unpopular belief in Georgia. by the outcome, especially given her Following her European roots, Zura- large campaign budget, three times that bishvili stated that she wished to run a of Grigol Vashadze. Salome’s face became “European campaign.” She has often a common site on campaign posters underlined her desire to bring Georgia across Georgia. However, the signifi cant closer to NATO and the EU in order to victory was nonetheless often an uphill “unite Georgian society.” battle, faced with criticism about her The President of Georgia is the head poor level of Georgian, and gender, as of state and supreme commander-in- larity contest for Georgia’s richest man this has been denied by the ruling party. past and to modernize its democracy. well as accusations of xenophobic com- chief, whose role is largely ceremonial and on-and-off chairman of Georgian Indeed, violations have been reported The inauguration of Zurabishvili will be ments and her unpopular claims that in Georgia, as it is in many parliamentary Dream , who person- by some electoral observation organiza- both a powerful symbol for women’s Georgia started the 2008 war. democracies. Nonetheless, the President ally selected Zurabishvili. The vote tests tions, including Transparency Interna- rights as well as of the country’s integra- The French-born diplomat and former is still deeply involved in politics. Ivanishvili’s popular support and polit- tional, primarily concerning the presence tion into the European community. Many Foreign Minister ran as an independent Zurabishvili has been far from a popu- ical status quo. Ultimately, the result has of activists at polling stations, although Georgians are celebrating the election candidate supported by , lar candidate for the role. In fact, “it is shown how many votes a ruling party they still deemed the votes to be “in of a female president who is clear in her the current ruling party in Georgia. fair to characterize her as one of the can harness through its networks, accordance with the law.” pro-western goals, and are looking for- Although she pledged to remain unin- least-popular candidates that Georgian resources, and tools, rather than refl ect- The signifi cance of this year’s presi- ward to the potential changes it may fl uenced by Georgian Dream, she has Dream has fi elded in a national election,” ing a broad support for Zurabishvili. dential elections should not be down- bring. shown very little resistance to the party said Hans Gutbrod, a professor at Ilia Throughout the elections, the opposi- played. Georgia, as a democratic model Zurabishvili will be inaugurated as during her time as an MP in parliament. State University. tion complained of voting irregularities in the region, has shown that it is con- President of Georgia on 16 December Personal attacks regarding Zurabish- Many view the vote instead as a popu- and attacks on campaigners, although tinuing to move further from its Soviet 2018. The Runoff Elections Summarized

“We will do our maximum to ensure BY THE GT TEAM that the people’s trust in us is not lost. We are grateful to our voters and society in general… First and foremost, our soci- uling Georgian Dream (GD) ety has realized its power. People are party-backed presidential well aware that they have the levers and candidate Salome Zurabish- they took the relevant action,” he added. vili commented Thursday Ivanishvili said he would do his best morning on the results of for Georgia to have a “worthy govern- theR Central Election Commission (CEC), ment which serves the people.” according to which she received 59.7% The CEC stated that the turnout in the of votes, which is equal to 916,873 votes, second round of the presidential elec- making her Georgia’s 5th and fi rst female tions reached 56.23% across Georgia, President. which is 1,975,845 voters. “I felt a huge responsibility when I CEC Spokesperson Ana Mikeladze said learned I had become President,” she said. that this 56.23% does not include people Zurabishvili noted that the results of the who voted abroad and added that the election represent a victory for society. highest turnout was in Keda municipal- “Today, we jointly refused to go back ity at 72.72%, and the lowest in Tsalka to the past, which itself would interrupt at 43.12%. She also noted that no sig- the process of strengthening and devel- nifi cant violations were reported on oping our society,” Zurabishvili said election day. after the preliminary results of the exit Georgian Prime Minister Mamuka polls were announced. She went on to Bakhtadze commented on the results of thank the voters for their activity and the exit polls, thanking the Georgian support. people for their trust and wishing Zura- "I would like to thank all our citizens bishvili success. who are listening to us now. Today is a “I would like to congratulate Salome very important day. Today, my country Zurabishvili and the Georgian state on has made a principled choice. This choice the victory. The elections have proved is essential for the present and future of once again that Georgia is truly a demo- Georgia," she said. cratic state,” he said. According to the Edison Research exit The PM noted that both rounds of the poll results, Zurabishvili received 55% elections had revealed what the people of votes, while Grigol Vashadze, presi- are expecting from the ruling party. dential candidate of the United Opposi- “We should not waste time on celebra- tion, received 45%, According to the exit tions. It is time to work. I would like to poll conducted on the order of Imedi declare with all my sense of responsibil- TV, Zurabishvili received 58% of votes in Georgia. The authorities mobilized losing presidential candidate Grigol GD Chair and founder Bidzina Ivan- ity that we are ready to worthily respond and Vashadze 42%. and bribed everyone they could. Crimi- Vashadze stated prior to the exit polls ishvili also thanked the people for sup- to all the challenges Georgia is facing,” "Such elections have never been held nals were also involved in the process," being announced. porting Salome Zurabishvili. PM Bakhtadze promised. GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 POLITICS 5 The Power of Democracy is Proven

OP-ED BY ZAZA JGARKAVA

he 2018 presidential elec- tions have passed and are now part of Georgia’s his- tory. The 5th President of Georgia, the governmental Tcandidate Salome Zurabishvili, beat her opponent Grigol Vashadze from the oppositional party by 20%, thus becom- ing the last publicly elected president of the country. This is how the two million voters that went out to the ballot boxes on November 28, paid farewell to their right to elect the President of Georgia. According to the new constitution, from now on, the President of Georgia will be elected by MPs rather than the pub- lic, hence it is especially interesting how this election was different from the pre- vious four and what novelty brought it into the history of Georgian elections. The fact that “elections” is still quite an elusive term for Georgians will prob- ably be discussed later by political ana- lysts. But what we saw on November 28 is far beyond the sphere of classic poli- tics. The governmental party and its leader Bidzina Ivanishvili were able to organize an additional 355,000 voters to show up and cast their votes a month after the fi rst round. The parliamentary elections of 2012 were the last when the activity of voters surpassed two million, AP photo/ Shakh Aivazov and we haven’t seen this since. So how About 170 thousand of these were people the time to work on the electorate who care of these 355,000 voters, weather the Georgian democracy: a difference did the ruling party and Bidzina Ivan- who voted the fi rst time, but who did did not show up to these elections and bribed or not, and by taking care we of 20% is the result of the noise of hav- ishvili manage this? Was it money? Pota- not support either of the two candidates. decided to stay home rather than to ful- mean it shouldn’t forget them as it did ing a capital of billions in a country that toes? Onions or sunfl ower oil? Maybe it There were about 355 thousand new vot- fi l its constitutional responsibility. And after the 2012 elections, otherwise, pota- is hungry and poor and miserable. But was the baking fl our that they distributed ers who showed up and voted for Salome. there were a lot of people like this, more toes, onions, baking fl our and 20 Laris when people realize that this “tempting that generated such activity? It may have Practically, these people played a crucial than a million, in fact. It is quite unlikely will have no effect. sound” is only an empty note in reality, played some role, but not the main and role in the fate of these elections. Whether that the technical resources of Ivanishvili For the elections of 2020, where there the electorate will recall not the second decisive one for sure. In the 2nd round it was money, potatoes or onions, no and the Georgian Dream will be able to won’t be a second round, the price of but the fi rst round of the elections of of the elections, Salome Zurabishvili got longer matters. handle them. As such, it is exactly what the elections will rise, just like the USD 2018, when it truly felt and believed it 1.2 million votes, about 530 thousand As Ilia Chavchavadze would say, “Now the opposition should work for, while exchange rate. Nevertheless, this latest had power. And democracy is built upon votes more compared to the 1st round. is the time for labor and work;” now is the government should defi nitely take presidential campaign was a benefi t to this very faith. GEORGIA TODAY 6 POLITICS NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 This Week’s Russia- Ukraine Clash Explained

the Sea of Azov, blocked by a large Rus- time traffi c, according to TASS. BY SAMANTHA GUTHRIE sian cargo ship that was strategically President Petro Poroshenko met with parked beneath the Crimea Bridge. The senior military aides Monday morning to newly completed 18.1 km bridge, fi nanced discuss a response to the incident, and the he roots of the confl ict that and built by Russia to connect the main- Verkhovna Rada subsequently approved escalated over the weekend land with Crimea, spans the Kerch Strait, 30 days of martial law in coastal territories stem from the Euromaidan a narrow passageway leading into the near the confl ict site. The period of mar- movement in early 2014, Sea of Azov. Since the completion of tial law went into effect on Wednesday. which ousted pro-Russian the bridge, Russian naval vessels have The decree, Poroshenko assured citizens PresidentT Viktor Yanukovych. In March been stopping Ukrainian ships passing during a televised address Monday, will 2014, Russia called an illegal referendum through the strait and demanding to not restrict the rights of any Ukrainians, in the Ukrainian territory of Crimea, inspect them. On August 7, the Ministry nor would elections scheduled for early which led to the peninsula’s annexation of Transport of the Russian Federation next year be affected. “Ukraine is not plan- into the Russian Federation. Many have announced the temporary closure of ning a war against anyone,” said Poroshenko, analyzed that move as a response to the Kerch Strait – an international water- affi rming that Ukraine will uphold its side Ukraine’s anti-Russia sentiment, a sig- way. Offi cial statements explained that of the Minsk Agreements, peace deals nal that Russia still considers Ukraine the closure was related to construction signed with Russia and pro-Russian sepa- part of its rightful sphere of infl uence, on the Crimea Bridge, but on August 9 ratists in 2014 and 2015. and a reminder to Kiev that the West it it was announced that Russian naval This is Ukraine’s fi rst ever imposition so courts will not come to its rescue vessels would still be allowed to transit of martial law, and several pundits have against Russian military power. The the Strait. Russian news agency TASS expressed concern that the move could confl ict continued with Russian-backed said in late September that Ukrainian threaten the young, unsteady democracy military intervention, supporting anti- ships were again being granted passage and escalate the war in Donbass. Martial government, pro-Russian rebels in the through the Kerch Strait “with due per- law includes several provisions: bans on Donbass region of eastern Ukraine. The mission from Russian control agencies public gatherings, media restrictions, war in Donbass has continued with low- as required under law.” limits on the movement of Ukrainians level fi ghting for more than four years The attempted movement of Ukrain- and foreign nationals, and the ability to Image source: rferl.org now. ian ships into the Sea of Azov Sunday suspend elections, as the Ukrainian gov- The latest move by Russia came early has been interpreted as an attempt to ernment deems necessary. Poroshenko has asked NATO to send control Mariupol and surrounding ter- Sunday morning, November 25, when prevent Russia from taking full control Just hours after the declaration of mar- ships to defend their claims. ritories to create a land bridge from Rus- Russian naval forces opened fi re and of the Sea, an important shipping lane tial law, the United Nations held an In an interview with the Washington sia to Crimea. Russia’s aggressive strat- seized three Ukrainian naval vessels. supporting Ukrainian industry. emergency session on the naval clash in Post on November 27, US President egy towards its neighbors in recent years The two gunboats and one tugboat had The Russian military claims that the the Black Sea. The US Ambassador to Donald Trump said that he was consid- is to precede a major geopolitical move a total of 23 sailors on board, 12 of whom Ukrainian ships entered Russian territo- the UN, Nikki Haley, addressed Russia ering canceling a meeting with Russian with a small, offensive one, such as ram- have been sentenced to two months in rial waters illegally, ignored instructions during the session, calling their actions President Vladimir Putin, scheduled for ming a tugboat. Many analysts anticipate Russian custody by a court in Simferopol, and warnings from Russian ships, and an “outrageous violation” of Ukraine's the sidelines of the G20 summit in Argen- that the slow-burning, long, drawn-out Crimea, pending trial for trespassing were making “dangerous maneuvers.” sovereignty and called on the interna- tina November 30-December 1, pending confl ict in Eastern Ukraine will now over the Russian border, a crime with a A 2003 treaty between Moscow and Kiev tional community to condemn Russia's a “full report” on the Kerch Strait clash extend into the water, further crippling sentence of up to six years. The Ukrain- maintains that the Kerch Strait and the “arrogant...outlaw actions.” The European from his national security team. Despite the Ukrainian economy. The series of ian government reported that six of its Sea of Azov are shared territorial waters. Union called on Russia to “restore free- insisting, “I don't like that aggression. I aggressive moves by Russia can be seen crew members were injured in the clash, The Russian military also send two fi ghter dom of passage at the Kerch Strait” and don't want that aggression at all,” the as part of a pattern, a strategy of military- while Russia’s FSB says it was only three. jets and a helicopter to the Strait, con- NATO added that it “fully supports meeting has not been offi cially canceled political infl uence that was also used in The Ukrainian ships were stopped ducting low, slow fl yovers over the water. Ukraine's sovereignty and its territorial and is expected to go ahead as planned. Georgia in August 2008, leading to the while attempting to travel from a port At about 4 am local time on Monday, the integrity, including its navigational rights Experts have also predicted that Rus- occupation of the Georgian territories in Odessa to the town of Mariupol in Kerch Strait reopened for civilian mari- in its territorial waters.” President sia’s long-term goal is to occupy and of Abkhazia and “South Ossetia.” Russia & Ukraine: Calm on Land, War at Sea out of the Azov Sea. BY EMIL AVDALIANI Thus, it was inevitable that Russia and Ukraine would fi ght for the territory. Indeed, there were cases even well n November 25, Russian before Russia-Ukraine relations plunged. gunboats attacked In 2003, Russia and Ukraine nearly went Ukraine’s naval convoy, to war over the strait when Russia started rammed a tugboat and construction of a bridge to one of the seized it along with two islands in the Azov Sea. otherO Ukrainian ships. The vessels were However, following the Euromaidan traveling from the Ukrainian port of Revolution in Ukraine in 2014, the dis- Odessa, on the Black Sea, to the Ukrain- pute between Moscow and Kiev has ian port of Mariupol on the Sea of Azov. taken a much more serious turn, seeing The only route to access Mariupol was the two countries now battling for con- the Kerch Strait that separates Russian- trol of the Black and Azov seas’ military controlled Crimea from Russia proper. and economic communication lines. Previously, Ukrainian and Russian The Kerch Strait is a continuation of sailors had been causing problems for the Northern Caucasus into Crimea, each other which often ended in tem- home to Russia's Black Sea Fleet located porary arrests. However, the recent at Sevastopol. That is why Moscow is events near Crimea mark a new level concerned that the pro-Western gov- of escalation between the two countries. ernment in Kiev could potentially allow While in Donbass the situation is rela- the Strait to be used by Western military tively calm, with only occasional fi ght- fl eets and even NATO. Russians want ing along the contact line, the overall to keep direct access to the Don River situation points to the fact that large- safe, closed to the military alliance. scale military action is unlikely to hap- Moscow also thinks that, theoretically, pen in east Ukraine. Image source: rferl.org the strategically important Don River Perhaps another theater where Mos- these two ports as Ukraine’s Black Sea new level of pressure on Ukraine from straits if Ukraine’s and potentially for- could be used by foreign troops to enter cow could press Kiev is at sea, and ports are not that competitive and it Russia to cut off Kiev’s Azov trade with eign ships are allowed to sail into the the Russian mainland. Moscow’s actions might be a negotiat- will be diffi cult for Kiev to re-route the outside world, as Ukraine exports Azov basin. As such, we need to put the Russian ing tactic or fi rst steps towards further trade from the Azov ports to the Black more to Arab countries than to Russia. Russia’s drive to dominate the Kerch actions against Ukrainian ships into a securing the Sea of Azov. Sea ones. If a veritable blockade of the At the same time, Russia’s actions Strait and the Azov Sea might also refl ect wider geopolitical perspective. Yet, even The sealing off of the Kerch Strait Azov Sea continues, then we are likely might be regarded as a logical continu- Moscow’s strategic thinking and con- if the closure turns out to be only a would be signifi cant for Ukraine and to see a further drop in economic activ- ation of previous ones. The annexation cerns. The Kerch Strait is an approxi- temporary move, Moscow is sending a specifi cally for its economy as it is the ity. For instance, exports entering through of Crimea, temporary closures of the mately 25-mile-long channel that is no clear message to Kiev on the pressure only route for the country’s ships to Mariupol already dropped 58% in recent Kerch Strait as well as the construction wider than 9 miles. The Strait links the tools it has to hand to limit potential reach the ports of Berdyansk and Mar- years. Because of diffi cult security, for- of the bridge from the Russian mainland Black Sea to the Azov and is important Western military encroachment on iupol. A large part of Ukraine’s maritime eign investment has been close to zero. to the peninsula, would still not mean as it allows the control of water routes strategic routes in the Black and Azov economy depends on trade through As said, this represents an entirely a total domination of the Azov Sea or and energy resources coming in and seas. GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 POLITICS 7 Why I Hate Brexit million a week, let’s fund our NHS way since our bloody victories. The OP-ED BY AMY JONES instead” was paraded around the streets ‘glory’ days are a thing of the past. In a of London on the side of a bus. The world that becomes ever more global, a Center for European Reform recently country should look forward, not back. speak three of its languages and published a study that Brexit has cost Living in Georgia has made me even made its cities my home. Its food Britain £500 million a week and Boris more proud to be a member of the EU. fi lls my fridge and its wine, my and Farage, the lead voices of the leave Almost every press conference and a glass. I count its people as close campaign, are conveniently nowhere to huge number of projects are funded and friends. Our nation’s histories and be seen. supported by the EU and its countries. Icultures are intertwined. Its golden let- For me, Brexit has become symbolic The EU offers Georgia help and guid- ters on my passport form part of my of populism and the shifting of politics ance that is vital for Georgia to protect identity. I am proud to be a citizen of the to the right. The bigotry, xenophobia, its sovereignty and security. You can European Union. My citizenship con- and racism stirred up by the offi cial leave even buy socks printed with the Geor- nects me to a wider European commu- campaign injected an ugliness into Brit- gian and European Union fl ags. nity. It guarantees me rights and free- ish politics which never dissipated, and In her letter to the nation, published doms. And now it’s being stolen from left hate crimes surging. As the fear of 24 November 2018, Theresa May says me. immigration spreads across Europe, Brit- “the deal will protect the things we value.” I, like many others from the UK, are ish Prime Minister Theresa May has Excuse me if I choke on my Rich Tea angry about Brexit, a helpless situation pledged to “end the free movement of biscuit, Theresa, but the deal is remov- sealed by the voice of 37% of the popu- ing the EU would actually mean for the dum on 23 June 2016 was “what is the people once and for all.” Our borders ing exactly the thing I value. 700,000 lation. The decision to strip the entire UK. Even now, 20 months later, and after EU?” A bit late, don’t you think? will be restricted, and with it so will the people took to the streets of London last population of its EU citizenship was the exit agreement has been approved A lack of education was made worse ability of free travel for all those within month, the largest protest in 15 years, to posed by a simple question of “in” or by the EU, I don’t fully understand what by a lack of proper information on what them. voice that Brexit does not represent their “out”. Misinformation and a lack of edu- Brexit will mean for myself and my coun- it would mean to leave the EU. The Leave The UK has long thought of itself as a values. We are losing our European cation ensured that the outcome would try. There is a huge lack of education on Campaign claimed in their publicity that special country. Our island was once the citizenships, and it’s being revoked against be far from fair. the role of the EU in the UK, to the point ‘Turkey (population 75 million) is join- most powerful country in the world. We our will. Theresa has said she isn’t sad During the referendum campaign, it where the second most googled search ing the EU’ which is far from likely, while had colonies. We won wars. We built an that Britain is leaving the EU, I, on the was impossible to understand what leav- term in the hours following the referen- the statement “we send the EU £350 empire. But the world has shifted a long other hand, am. EU to Reduce Financial Support to Moldova as Rule of Law & Democracy Deteriorate and value chains, provide support to BY SAMANTHA GUTHRIE local SMEs, local actors and civil society and fund the development of small-scale infrastructures. This will help boost local n 27 November, Christian social-economic development and reduce Danielsson, the European the gap between Chisinau and the regions Commission’s Director- of the Republic of Moldova. General for European •The EU will also continue supporting Neighbourhood Policy and the peaceful settlement of the Transn- EnlargementO Negotiations, and Thomas istrian confl ict. Over €10 million of EU Mayr-Harting, Managing Director for funds will help to increase confi dence Europe and Central Asia at the European between Chisinau and Tiraspol through External Action Service, visited Moldova joint initiatives involving local authori- to reaffi rm the EU's commitment to ties, civil society organisations and other deliver tangible benefi ts to Moldovan stakeholder from both sides of the river. citizens. •The EU will also invest €40 million They met with Moldovan President in infrastructure, with the electricity Igor Dodon, Prime Minister Pavel Filip interconnector between Romania and and representatives from the opposition Moldova, connecting further EU and parties and civil society. Moldova and leading to more stable and This visit comes amid the ongoing dete- cheaper electricity for citizens. rioration of the rule of law and democracy •The EU will also further promote the in the country, as perceived by European international exchange of students politicial actors. "In light of this deterio- through the Erasmus+ programme and ration, and in line with the principle of fund more mobility opportunities for strict conditionality, the European Com- Moldovan researchers, with the aim to mission has taken the decision to sub- further scientifi c excellence in Moldova Source: EU Neighbours. Photo: EPA-EFE stantially recalibrate its fi nancial assistance and increase their competitiveness in and redirect support to projects that have grammes have been frozen, pending attention all aspects relevant to the at over 106 million EUR. These programs EU programmes such as Horizon 2020. a direct, positive impact on Moldovan tangible improvements in rule of law preparation and conduct of the parlia- include: EU assistance will focus only on actions citizens," reads the offi cial statement from and democracy. Moldovan authorities mentary elections in the Republic of •Socio-economic development of the that bring direct benefi ts to citizens and the European Commission. should take immediate action to ame- Moldova”. focal regions – Ungheni and Cahul. The support agents of change including civil Payments under the Macro-Financial liorate the situation, and promised to Future EU programs planned in Mol- support programme, worth €23 million, society, independent media, reform- Assistance and EU budget support pro- “continue to follow with the closest dova, which are now at risk, are valued will contribute to the creation of jobs minded local authorities and SMEs.

Tel: (995 32) 2 45 08 08 10 Galaktion Street E-mail: [email protected] GEORGIA TODAY 8 POLITICS NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 Democracy, as Good as it Gets (So Far) and the emphasized unfairness of black OP-ED BY NUGZAR B. RUHADZE PR against one other, the parties still demonstrated a professional conception of democratic ways and means, well have always been an inveterate manifested in the content of ongoing critic of our political style and comments and the style of making those content, so much so that I remem- comments (in most cases). ber several cases of warnings Without doubt, the process of demo- received to stop being harsh in my cratic maturation has solidifi ed the entire writings.I As such, I can’t be blamed for nation’s political stance in Georgia: the being mild and sparing when it comes to electorate became more observant and my portrayal of the Georgian social and educated; the candidates turned into eye- political reality. Being that ruthless towards catching political animals; the opposing my own folk, I was still a little disap- political groupings presented themselves pointed to hear the utterance of the for- as professional fi ghters; the media skill- mer president of the NATO Parliamentary fully tried to push their favorite race Assembly Rasa Jukneviciene about the horses towards the winning fi nale, and already bygone electoral epopee in Geor- the watching public, despite the edginess gia, worded for the Georgian bureau of of the situation, managed to equip itself Voice of America: ‘If we compare the with as much patience as possible to see presidential elections to the 2012 elec- a peaceful end to the race. tions, we will see no big step forward, but What more can democracy be, I wonder. a step backwards.’ How can anyone say we have made a step She alluded to the disproportionate use backwards? Just the contrary: we have of administrative resources in favor of registered huge progress on the way to one side against the other, not doubting democratic development, the best token at the same time that by the level of of this being the presumption that the democracy and reforms, Georgia is a political struggle in Georgia has doubt- leader in the region. Moreover, the reason lessly acquired striking acuteness, believ- for concern was underlined, in strong able fairness and relative western logical- hopes that it would not affect Georgia's ity. This nation is trying really hard to Euro-Atlantic aspirations. Wow! And poor Image source: neweurope.eu justify the relevancy of soviet collapse, stupid me for thinking that things were of a genuine ballot in this country before. half of the voting public did not even turn electoral event. its breakup with Russia and its marriage just the contrary in the Republic. I respect- In these presidential elections, predic- up at the poll stations, leaving the ballot In fairness to my descriptive efforts, I with the West, although still unconsum- fully admit that Rasa knows way more in tions were rendered unworkable, political boxes almost empty. But when the runoff must ask for recognition that, while the mated. One could say that to be critical politics than I do but I also suspect that scientists avoided making daring prog- was declared as a result of the fi rst round, quality of democracy has reached the is much easier than to be appreciative. I I might have a better feel for what has nostic guesses and the forecast was prac- the lukewarm electoral attitude was acme, the sides have been using against know very well the drawbacks of our been happening in the Georgian political tically considered a lost cause. changed and the whole country became each other the worst kinds of political democracy, and our wild capitalism too, crucible in the last 30 years or so. I am Indeed, the level of democracy as such involved in the unseen-in-the-past polit- language of hatred and derogation. The but could we have done more and better far from making any overstatements about was elevated to the point where terms ical tug of war. The public excitement irrelevant emotionality and reciprocal in just 30 years of time? I think not. We the quality of democracy in Georgia, but like “rigging” and “gerrymandering” towards the electoral outcome was blown negativity between the sides frustrated would’ve if we could’ve. No other nation one can see even with an unequipped eye became obsolete. In the beginning, most into unprecedented parameters, thus and tired the electorate to the utmost, but could have, even if they had tried even that we have never had this big a sense of the electorate was so lackadaisical that creating an effect of a real western-style despite the raucousness of the process harder than us. The Paris Peace Forum the opening ceremony – looking at you still some sort of an enigma for the West- BY VAZHA TAVBERIDZE there, Frau Merkel!) as well as 10 inter- ern audience, was always going to offer national organizations leaders convened a more interesting story to tell. He was for three days at La Grande Halle de La convincing, affable and not short of dip- hat do you do when Villette for the fi rst edition of the Paris lomatic suaveness, something you’d you’re young, ambi- Peace Forum to exchange and discuss expect a seasoned journalist to pick up. tious, have half of concrete global governance solutions. Months before, he had sung a somewhat Europe looking up to The scope of the forum was also per- muffl ed serenade to the productivity of you as a potential haps its biggest weakness: you could his meeting with Putin in an interview Wsavior from Trump’s idiosyncrasies on the have literally drowned in the sea of with the Russian “Echo of Moscow” one hand and Putin’s Roman Empire tac- information, and more often than not, outlet, saying he embraced the oppor- tics on the other? Many things, perhaps, due to the organizer’s apparent agenda tunity to have a face-to-face chat with but establishing one’s own Munich Secu- of “let’s squeeze literally every conceiv- the head of Armenia’s foremost strategic rity Conference (but bigger, cooler and able topic into three days, shake it and ally. When asked what exactly he saw in shinier) must have ranked rather high on see what happens,” you’d have missed the eyes of the man the West has out for inclined) at! They did have one, though, he himself is deeply in love with Geor- President Macron’s agenda, as last month one interesting discussion while attend- world’s main miscreant, seeing as Pres- and perhaps to make sure he was visible gia, but the situation is complicated and saw the birth of a gargantuan annual-to-be ing another. This was certainly the case ident Bush and our very own Saakashvili enough, they stuck him in moderating a there’s hope that it will improve. Lovely. gathering henceforth to be known as the with the author of this piece, who found both claimed to have deduced what the panel no Kremlin-friendly type has any The third day of the forum was largely Paris Peace Forum, which is, as its offi cial himself facing a choice of attending either man’s soul was hiding, Pashinyan effort- right to moderate – one dedicated to dedicated to innovative technologies, website claims, “neither a summit nor a a panel that included the debonair duo lessly dodged the ball by replying they world peace. The man was none other the this-is-how-we-save-the-world eulo- conference,” but a new annual event based of Armenia’s Pashinyan and Greece’s were the eyes of a man with his country’s than Anatoly Torkunov, the rector of gies that no self-respecting geopolitics- on a simple idea: international coopera- Tsipras, another where Ukraine’s belea- national interests at heart and, you know, Moscow’s State Institute of International covering journalist should have any tion being key to tackling global challenges guered President Poroshenko was hav- it would be best if we all looked into Affairs, a place world famous (or infa- business with and that I would count as and ensuring durable peace. To support ing a hard time convincing the audience each other’s eyes when speaking to each mous, if that’s your fancy) as the main the third weakness of the forum. It’s not collective action, it gathers all actors of that progress was being made in Ukraine, other. Honesty and all that. Nice. This hub of Kremlin thinkers and Foreign just biting more off than you can chew, global governance under one roof for three or one in which this country’s now for- has been a trademark trait of his policy policy gurus alike (to put it in a Georgian it’s about mixing your starter with your days: states, international organizations, mer President was involved. All three so far: not burning old bridges while perspective, being an MGIMO alumni dessert, to stay in the realm of gastro- local governments, NGOs and foundations, panels had roughly the same starting trying to build new ones, but how far was one of arguments used against the nomical metaphors. The third day could companies, experts, journalists, trade time. Not a good design, this. The choice he’ll be allowed to go into his seemingly second placed presidential candidate, easily have been another occasion alto- unions, religious groups and citizens. was eventually made in favor of the fi rst impossible quest of sitting on two chairs the UNM’s Grigol Vashadze, who the gether – there was little, if any, bridging Through original formats of debates and two panels and at the cost of Mr. Marg- at once remains to be seen. ruling party claimed to have been serv- between what preceded it and what hap- the presentation of solutions, it demon- velashvili, whose output, if attending Another rather interesting panel took ing Kremlin interests). Hypocrisy barom- pened in the fi nale. So, instead of listen- strates there is still a momentum for mul- eyewitnesses are to be believed, was in place on the second day and it was largely eters must have gone off the charts as ing to another monologue on how bitcoin tilateralism and a better organization of the end as pointless as his presidential interesting because it had Russians in it. Mr. Torkunov sat there, offering compas- will make the fi nancial environment of the planet, both among states from North reign. Apparently, the man came in, said Now, a comparison to the Munich con- sionate sighs to those in chagrin that our world more transparent, I went and and South and civil society actors. And hello, and left, because he was late for ference was alluded to at the start, this world peace was in danger. Particularly interviewed NATO’s Ex-secretary gen- boy did it do all that and more in its fi rst some meeting or another. Way to put one with a glaring shortcoming when it satirical was his approval of Iranian eral Anders Fogh Rasmussen, also attend- installment. your country on the map there. But came to having Russians sit there, offer speaker doom-saying that Might is Right ing, who offered strong penance about Attended by everyone of world level enough about that, for I have to tell you smug theories about how they’re the these days. When asked to offer an insight not providing Georgia and Ukraine with political merit (I should know, I was the story of the two more important ses- good guys and occasionally being fl ashed into his own country’s input to peace the MAP back in 2008 Bucharest sum- there), more than 10,000 visitors, 65 sions I attended. by Femen or another group of similar when it comes to Georgia and Ukraine, mit- a piece you might have (and should Heads of State and Government (although For a person reporting on the South persuasion. Not enough Russians to he said that Russian offi cials have their have) read in GEORGIA TODAY’S pre- the bigger ones only stuck around for Caucasus region, Pashinyan, seemingly throw questions (and eggs, if you so country’s best interests at heart and that vious issue. GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 BUSINESS 9

Radisson Blu Iveria Tbilisi Awarded ‘Best Business Hotel’ by Business Traveller Magazine Readers

Filini Restaurant, Asian fusion at Umami, delicious BY KATE KVARATSKHELIYA seafood at stunning restaurant Andopov’s Ears or pastries coffee at Iveria Café. Also dine outdoors at Iveria Terrace during summer. After dinner, have adisson Blu Iveria hotel Tbilisi has a drink in the Surface Bar or in the 18th-fl oor Oxy- been announced as the ‘Best Business gen Bar. Also shop at Hotel’s Iveria Gallery and Hotel in the former CIS region and then try the luck in our Casino Iveria. The world- neighboring countries at the award class Anne Semonin pampers guests with premium ceremony held by Business Traveller treatments. For business travellers and event plan- RMagazine on Friday November 16 in Moscow. ners, the hotel offers a fully equipped business The Business Traveller Award is a valuable tool centre plus nine meeting rooms, a versatile ballroom for the business travel market to determine guest and catering service. The event venue “Republic” loyalty and satisfaction. The specially developed opposite the hotel makes a favoured place for questionnaire and opinion poll, covering a variety numerous activities including weddings, concerts, of professional spheres, ensure the awards high- shows, exhibitions and conferences. light the needs of both cooperate and individual travellers and determine the quality standards of travel services. The winners were announced after a three-month voting process by readers of Busi- ness Traveller magazine. “Being awarded Best Business Hotel, shows rec- ognition for the great teamwork provided by the team which every day deliver Memorable Moments to our guests,” said General Manager Jordi Kuijt. “At the same time, it is a tribute to true Georgian hospitality and we look forward to delivering the same high level of service in the soon to be offi - cially opened Radisson Collection Tsinandali Estate Hotel.”

RADISSON BLU IVERIA TBILISI Found in the heart of Georgia’s capital city, the hotel is nestled between the beautiful Mtkvari River and nearby mountain ranges. Guests can step out- side to fi nd dining, shopping and nightlife on . Hotel guests can visit nearby attractions like Old Town and the Narikala Fortress. Hotel’s 249 rooms and suites provide scenic views of Mtatsminda, the city’s historic hill, or of the river landscape. Guests are welcome to savour Italian dishes at GEORGIA TODAY 10 BUSINESS NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 Mamuka Khazaradze Awarded Special Turning Points Award for Anaklia Port project

amuka Khazaradze, founder of "Anak- lia Development Consortium" was awarded a special prizeM of the Turning Points – an annual edition of THE NEW YORK TIMES. "People Who Change the Environ- ment" is the title of the nomination and reward that was handed to Mamuka Khazaradze in the "Names of the Century" part of the Award Ceremony for the construction of the project of the century, Anaklia Port. The presentation of the first licensed edition of Turning Points was held at the Courtyard Marriot Hotel. This year, Georgia, alongside 26 countries, joined Turning Points, also known as the “edition that pre- dicts the whole year”. Within the framework of the presentation of the fi rst licensed edition of Turning Points, Georgian Catholicos Patri- arch Ilia II, President of Georgia Giorgi Margvelashvili, linguist Mze- kala Shanidze, composer Gia Kancheli, fi lmmaker Merab Koko- chashvili, and others were awarded honorary awards in the "Names of the Century" category. SOCIETY Government’s Support to the Residents of Mountainous Regions the Technical University of Georgia was BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA also declared at the meeting. So-called ‘Mountain Weeks’ are to be organized, which will play a major role he Government of Georgia for the development and promotion of is planning to expand the the mountainous regions of Georgia and list of Georgia’s high moun- mountain tourism. tainous settlements and PM Bakhtadze focused on the impor- increase the number of tance of the needs of the mountainous Tbenefi ciaries of the Mountain Law. The population. ‘Mountain Weeks’ could given issue was discussed at a meeting serve as an effective way to eradicate of the National Council for Mountain particular problems of this population. Development chaired by Georgian Prime Since the launch of the Mountain Law, Minister Mamuka Bakhtadze at the 1,730 settlements have been granted the Administration of the Government on status of a mountainous settlement, with November 26. 243,000 benefi ciaries. According to the Press Offi ce of the 66 million GEL in fi nancial aid together Prime Minister, a working group will be with additional assistance were allocated created to reevaluate the criteria for the in the mountainous regions of Georgia status of a mountainous settlement. It in 2017. The primary reason for such a will also produce an action plan for the large scale Mountain Law is the desire further expansion of the scope of the of the government to encourage residents law’s applicability. to remain or go back to their mountain- Establishment of the Department of ous regions in order to support and Sustainable Mountain Development at Image source: Agenda.ge develop those regions. The long-term delivery service of 25 Government to Buy New Houses for More than 400 Internally Displaced Families BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA to 50 kilograms sacks from China.

he Ministry of Internally Displaced With the organic responsibility of Persons from the Occupied Territo- ries, Labor, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia is to purchase new village the Trading Company "HanLin" houses with a plot of land for more Tthan 400 internally displaced families from the regions of Abkhazia and (South Osse- from Alashankou. tia), regions currently occupied by Russia. Within the framework of the state project, families are given the opportunity to choose a house in any region of Georgia and if they meet the required criteria, the government will buy it. All the houses include a particular plot of land in order to serve E-mail: [email protected] the families as a source of further production and additional fi nancial income. Tel/Fax: 86-0909-699-5859 Since 2013, the government has bought houses for 2534 families. Image source: imedinews.ge GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 SOCIETY 11 Dusheti to Get Major Rehab Continued from page 1 successful implementation. “Dusheti has a very long history and even greater Local construction workers and trades- development potential. I believe that people were hired to complete the this area will regain its role and func- renovation project. tion as a tourist destination. For this At the ceremony, Tskitishvili spoke to purpose, the Municipal Development the assembled crowd, thanking them Fund, with the support of the World The Municipal for their involvement in the project’s Bank, plans to rehabilitate Dusheti’s historic center and more than 40 his- Development toric homes. The agreement was signed today. This and all other rehabilitation Fund, with the projects include an economic compo- nent, small hotels, cafes, infrastructure, support of the that will be attractive to local and for- eign tourists [who want to stay] in World Bank, The Ministry of restored homes. In addition, we are working on improving the water supply plans to Regional and road infrastructure in the region. We plan to fully rehabilitate the Mutso rehabilitate Development and Gorge [in Khevsureti], schools, kinder- gartens, outpatient medical facilities Dusheti’s historic Infrastructure plans and sports facilities,” said the minister. The Ministry of Regional Development center and more to spend and Infrastructure plans to spend approximately 150 million GEL ($55.9 than 40 historic approximately mln) in Mtskheta-Mtianeti in 2019, on projects that Tskitishvili says “will pro- homes 150 million GEL vide additional income for the local next spring. It will target buildings with population.” cultural heritage status constructed in in Mtskheta- The rehabilitation of Dusheti’s central the 19th and 20th centuries, restoring Mtianeti in 2019 streets and historical houses will begin them to their original style. UN Research: About 137 Women Killed Every Day

Photo source: City Press said. It was released Sunday to coincide after going out to celebrate with her BY THEA MORRISON with the UN International Day for the boyfriend. Her family did not approve Elimination of Violence against Women. of the relationship. Dowry and so called honor killings Africa and the Americas were the ew research from the were among the reasons cited. regions where women are most at risk United Nations reads that "While the vast majority of homicide of being killed by intimate partners or around 137 women around victims are men, women continue to pay family members, the study found. the world are killed by a the highest price as a result of gender In Africa, the rate was about 3.1 victims partner or family member inequality, discrimination and negative per 100,000 women. In the Americas, it Nevery day. stereotypes…They are also the most likely was 1.6 victims. The lowest rate was The report released by the UN Offi ce to be killed by intimate partners and found in Europe, which had 0.7 victims on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) found family,” UNODC Executive Director per 100,000 females. that 87,000 women were killed in 2017. Yury Fedotov said in a statement that In 2017, roughly 82% of victims of Of these, approximately 30,000 women accompanied the report. homicide perpetrated by intimate part- were killed by an intimate partner and Neha Sharad Chaudry was 18-years-old ners or family members were female. another 20,000 by a relative. when she was killed in a suspected The corresponding fi gure for men: 18%. This amounts to six women being killed “honor” killing, according to the BBC. The majority of male victims are killed every hour by people they know, the report She was killed on her 18th birthday by strangers. GEORGIA TODAY 12 SOCIETY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 Always Winter, Never Christmas: Etseri, Svaneti in itself, waiting for its day and permis- BLOG BY TONY HANMER sion to be told. How did the previous, Soviet-era tourist paradise which the province had certainly been degenerate ell, not quite, but this into that? I wasn’t here for the period, quote from a popular so I only have locals’ memories to go on, children’s book sums which I should. up my feelings as the I very much hope that I won’t have to results of the recent see it happen all over again, as a resident, Wpresidential runoff become clear. not a visitor. Not by dying fi rst, but sim- Actually, winter held off for much longer ply by its not happening at all. My grave than usual this year, with possibly per- has a location here already, but what’s manent snow bucketing down only now the hurry? Nor do I hope that we will as I write. Yesterday it was partly rain, simply be hounded out, survive but lose and the night’s forecast temperature everything we have worked for here, wasn’t even in the minuses. So even this along with everyone else. Etseri and snow might not last. many other villages only had houses for But some local men came to the shop us to consider buying because so many just after dark and among their other of them had been abandoned. People purchases acquired some of our biggest had left an unbearable life. Please, not fi reworks for an anticipated Georgian again. Dream victory. Sure enough, just before More: that same neighbor was at a local 9 pm we saw the things blasting off into election station on election day. The ladies the sky despite the mild rain, and this, in charge were proclaiming that they if nothing else, brought a few minutes would simply vote for whoever gave them of pleasure in the night. the most money. He then retold a scene I was very ambivalent about the elec- from the fi lm series of Data Tutashkhia. tions, feeling similarly to another event A group of men are having a supra (feast), in which I couldn’t vote for the same being served by a woman. One of them reason of not being a citizen: the USA offers her money to disrobe for them. She presidential elections of a couple of years refuses, but he slowly ups the ante, until ago. Then, too, the question in my mind her price is met and she takes off her was, which of these two candidates and back into the country and then into for him? But she did, by much more than to return during Saakashvili’s second clothes for them. Parallel much? parties will do the least harm? power. the >1% margin of that multi-candidate term has fl ourished greatly during the Here, both are former Georgian foreign The media campaigns in the interim event. GD party’s fi rst try at offi ce, leaving us Tony Hanmer has lived in Georgia since ministers; she is a few years older, was period between the two elections were My neighbor told me of a new tamper- much worse off than before. 1999, in Svaneti since 2007, and been a born in France, and is backed by the cur- fi lled with furious, bitter mudslinging, ing tactic: offer to borrow people’s per- This makes our time now seem like weekly writer for GT since early 2011. He rently reigning Georgian Dream party to the extent that Georgian TV became sonal ID card for a sum of money over the calm before the storm. Svaneti was runs the “Svaneti Renaissance” Facebook which formed expressly to take out its unwatchable. The fi rst election featured the period of the election. One could not a gangster haven, much too dangerous group, now with over 1900 members, at opponent. He, for the Nationalists, prom- many unknown candidates, some appar- vote without it, you see; instead of buy- for casual tourists to dare entering, when www.facebook.com/groups/SvanetiRenais- ised to pardon self-exiled former presi- ently fake, but boiled down to these two. ing votes, they were buying non-partic- I fi rst began visiting; blissfully unaware sance/ dent Mikheil Saakashvili of his waiting How could she win when many of that ipation, despite the huge number of of just who had my back until Saakashvili He and his wife also run their own guest house six-year jail term, and this presumably election’s candidates vowed to cast their neutral TV ads urging all to vote. He sent 10 helicopters to take him out in the in Etseri: would also involve somehow getting him own and direct all their people’s votes also said that the corruption which began village where I now live. That is a story www.facebook.com/hanmer.house.svaneti Book on Aliyah to be Released in Georgian gins and development of Aliyah in this and unconditional love for the mother- will be published in English and Hebrew. region even more interesting and intrigu- land. But before that, the book will be pre- ing. That person is Itsik Moshe, President One part of the edition is dedicated to sented in Georgian in December of this of the Israel-Georgia Chamber of Busi- the activities of ‘Israeli House’. The year. The presentation of the book will ness and the founder and Chair of Israeli actions of this organization in its pilot be attended by the offi cial delegation of House. country, Georgia, have been diverse and Israel. The book informs readers about the include the lobbying of the interests of role of Georgia in the inception of Ali- Israel. ABOUT ALIYAH yah, how the fi rst Sokhnut (Jewish Agency Israeli House has had a positive infl u- Aliyah is the immigration of diaspora for Israel, JAFI) representation was cre- ence on Georgia’s position in the inter- Jews to the Land of Israel. For much of ated within the USSR, and the impact it national arena in terms of affairs related Jewish history, most Jews have lived in had on the development of the Hasbara to Israel, especially when placed in com- diaspora communities where aliyah was Fellowship. The book will give the oppor- parison with other CIS states. developed as a national aspiration, tunity for Georgian booklovers to dis- Despite the fact that Georgia is a small although it was not usually fulfi lled until cover more about the surrounding events country, with a sparse Jewish population, the development of the Zionist move- and the solicitude of people towards it has become an important ‘greenhouse’ ment in the late 19th century. Since the their country within and beyond its bor- for the development of Zionist initia- establishment of the State of Israel in ders which often constituted swimming tives, including Aliyah and Hasbara 1948, more than 3 million Jews have against the tides, extraordinary acts and methods. moved to Israel. As of 2014, Israel and even coercive diplomacy. But in the end, Within the framework of the 30th anni- adjacent territories contain 42.9% of the all were triggered by an interminable versary of Aliyah, next year the book world's Jewish population.

porary history of Israel: Aliyah. The TRANSLATED BY KETEVAN historical narratives presented in the KVARATSKHELIYA book are based on the stories of direct witnesses and participants of the pro- cesses of that time. book dedicated to Aliyah The memoirs of a person who, at the will be released in Decem- age of 29, managed to go beyond ‘the ber in the Georgian lan- Iron Curtain’, reach the USSR, prepare guage. ‘Penetrating the the grounds for Aliyah and produce such Soviet Union’ refl ects pre- an environ, which remains the primary viouslyA unknown facts about one of the bond of Israel with the post-Soviet states most signifi cant events in the contem- today, make the description of the ori- Giorgi Khoshtaria, Simcha Dinitz, Itsik Moshe, Baruch Gur

GEORGIA TODAY 14 CULTURE NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018

WHAT’S ON IN TBILISI THEATER MUSIC AND DRAMA Language: English Language: English ELEKTROWERK STATE THEATER Start time: 22:00 Start time: 11:45, 17:00 182 Agmashenebeli Ave. Language: Russian Ticket: 10-16 GEL November 30 TBILISI ZAKARIA TEL (+995 32) 234 80 90 Start time: 19:40 PALIASHVILI OPERA AND Line up: Ticket: 15 GEL BALLET THEATER FANTASTIC BEASTS: THE TAMARA, OIMACTTA, December 4 CRIMES OF GRINDELWALD GACHA, JORJICK, 25 Rustaveli Ave. WELCOME TO GEORGIA RALPH BREAKS THE INTERNET (Info Above) BEDFORD FALLS, YGL TEL (+995 32) 299 04 56 A musical, theatrical play and Directed by Phil Johnston, Rich Moore Language: English KILLAGES, MOKU MOKU, romantic comedy telling a story Cast: John C. Reilly, Sarah December 1, 2 about Georgia and its people by Start time: 13:15, 16:30, 19:30, 22:00 KORDZ Silverman, Gal Gadot Language: Russian Start time: 20:00 GORDA combining song, dance, culture, Genre: Animation, Adventure, Comedy traditions, history, national Start time: 13:30, 22:30 Ticket: 20-30 GEL David Toradze Language: Russian costumes and local cuisine. Ticket: 11-19 GEL Ballet in two Acts Start time: 16:45 Musical 1 December Choreography by Vakhtang Ticket: 14 GEL Chabukiani Language: English, some Georgian BOHEMIAN RHAPSODY Line up: Choreographic version and staging With English subtitles (Info Above) MINDSTREAMING, NIKAKOI, Start time: 20:00 FANTASTIC BEASTS: THE by Nina Ananiashvili Language: English TUSIA BERIDZE, KILLAGES, Ticket: 50-80 GEL CRIMES OF GRINDELWALD Libretto by Vakhtang Chabukiani Directed by David Yates Start time: 22:15 MOKU MOKU, KORDZ Language: Russian Start time: 20:00 and Otar Egadze MOVEMENT THEATER Cast: Eddie Redmayne, Katherine Start time: December 1- 19:00, 182 Aghmashenebeli Ave. Waterston, Dan Fogler Start time: 22:30 Ticket: 20-30 GEL December 2- 14:00 TEL (+995) 598 19 29 36 Genre: Adventure, Family, Fantasy Ticket: 13-19 GEL Ticket: 10-50 GEL Language: English KELLER BAR November 30 Start time: 13:45 MUSEUM 36 Merab Kostava Str. SHALIKASHVILI THEATER PARADISO Language: Russian 27 Rustaveli Ave. Directed by Irakli Khoshtaria Start time: 19:30 GEORGIAN NATIONAL December 1 Start time: 20:00 Ticket: 12-14 GEL MUSEUM SIMON JANASHIA JINO DOLLINI, November 30 Ticket: 10 GEL MUSEUM DARIA ZET SHAKESPEARE SONNETS BOHEMIAN RHAPSODY 3 Rustaveli Ave. Start time: 23:00 Start time: 20:00 December 1 Directed by Bryan Singer TEL (+995 32) 299 80 22, 293 48 21 Ticket: 10 GEL Ticket: 15 GEL Premiere Cast: Rami Malek, Joseph Mazzello, www.museum.ge THE TEMPEST Mike Myers Based on William Shakespeare’s play CAFE MZIURI December 1 Genre: Biography, Drama, Music Exhibitions: Directed by Ioseb Bakuradze Mziuri Park, Vake KRIMANCHULI Language: English GEORGIAN COSTUME AND Start time: 20:00 Start time: 19:00 Start time: 20:00 WEAPONRY OF THE 18TH-20TH December 2 Ticket: 10-15 GEL Language: Russian Ticket: 15 GEL CENTURIES SAKVIRAO Start time: 22:15 December 2 Entertainment program for Ticket: 12-15 GEL GABRIADZE THEATER THE STORY OF A MURDERER NUMISMATIC TREASURY children 14 Shavteli Str. Directed by Kakha Bakuradze STONE AGE GEORGIA Start time: 12:00 TEL (+995 32) 298 65 93 Start time: 20:00 CAVEA GALLERY ARCHEOLOGICAL TREASURE 2/4 Rustaveli Ave. Ticket: 13 GEL Ticket: 10-15 GEL NEW LIFE TO THE ORIENTAL TEL (+995 32) 200 70 07 November 30 COLLECTIONS TBILISI STATE December 6 MARSHAL DE FANTE’S CONSERVATOIRE DIAMOND INTRO Every Wednesday ticket: 8 GEL IOSEB GRISHASHVILI 8 Griboedov St. Revaz Gabriadze Directed by Kakha Bakuradze November 30-December 6 TBILISI HISTORY MUSEUM TEL (+995 32) 2 93 46 24 Directed by Revaz Gabriadze Start time: 20:00 - KARVASLA WIDOWS English Subtitles Ticket: 10-15 GEL 8 Sioni St. Directed by Steve McQueen December 3 Start time: 20:00 TEL (+995 32) 298 22 81 CINEMA Cast: Viola Davis, Michelle GIACOMO PUCCINI Ticket: 20, 30 GEL Rodriguez, Elizabeth Debicki November 29 – January 20 LA BOHEME AMIRANI CINEMA Genre: Crime, Drama, Romance Libretto by Luigi Illica and December 1 Georgian National Museum in 36 Kostava Str. Language: Russian STALINGRAD the framework of the Project Giuseppe Giacosa TEL (+995 32) 299 99 55 Start time: 13:15 Acts III and IV Revaz Gabriadze www.kinoafi sha.ge Ticket: 11:15 GEL “Contemporary Art Gallery” Directed by Revaz Gabriadze presents Orchestra of the Opera Studio Staging Conductor– Papuna English Subtitles Every Wednesday ticket: 5 GEL SOLO EXHIBITION OF LIA ROBIN HOOD Ghvaberidze Start time: 20:00 November 30-December 6 (Info Above) BAGRATIONI Ticket: 20, 30 GEL A MAD TEA-PARTY Staging Director- Maia Language: English Gachechiladze ROBIN HOOD Start time: 20:00 Directed by Otto Bathurst Staging Artist- Neiko Neidze December 2 Language: Russian MUSEUM OF SOVIET Cast: Taron Egerton, Jamie Foxx, Piano- T. Alavidze, N. Leshkasheli, RAMONA Start time: 17:30, 19:45, 22:30 OCCUPATION Ben Mendelsohn E. Chinchaladze Revaz Gabriadze Ticket: 13-15 GEL 4 Rustaveli Ave. Directed by Revaz Gabriadze Genre: Action, Adventure TEL (+995 32) 2 99 80 22, 2 93 48 21 Manager of the Opera Studio- Irina English Subtitles Language: English www.museum.ge Ramishvili Start time: 22:00 SUSPIRIA Start time: 20:00 Start time: 19:00 Language: Russian (Info Above) Ticket: 20, 30 GEL Ticket: 5-10 GEL Start time: 17:15, 19:40 Language: English PERMANENT EXHIBITION Ticket: 13-15 GEL Start time: 16:15 Discover the State's personal fi les December 6 Language: Russian of "subversive" Georgian public December 6 Animated documentary fi lm SUSPIRIA Start time: 22:00 fi gures, orders to shoot or exile, and #COMETOTHEATER - LIFE IS REZO Directed by Luca Guadagnino Ticket: 13-19 GEL other artifacts representing Soviet- BEAUTIFUL Directed by Leo Gabriadze Cast: Dakota Johnson, Tilda era cultural and political repression Charity concert To help Ani Start time: 20:00 Swinton, Doris Hick RALPH BREAKS THE INTERNET in Georgia. Mamulashili, Qeti Qarumidze and Ticket: 15 GEL Genre: Fantasy, Horror, Mystery (info Above) Mariam Qurxuli GALLERY The royal national ballet ‘Potskhishvilebi’, Ensemble THE NATIONAL GALLERY ‘Georgian Voices’, ‘Alilo’ and 11 Rustaveli Ave. ‘Theatrical Quartet’ TEL (+995 32) 215 73 00 Start time: 19:30 Tickets: 10-50 GEL October 9 – January 17 (2019) NIKO PIROSMANI’S RENEWED TBILISI BAROQUE FESTIVAL EXHIBITION Rustaveli Theater

October 10 – October 5 (2019) December 1, 2, 3 EXHIBITION Premiere MASTERS OF GEORGIAN ART FOLIA Paintings of Kirill Zdanevich, Music by Antonio Vivaldi, Shalva Kikodze, Ketevan Francesco Magalashvili and Elene Akhvlediani Geminiani, Andrea Falconieri together with Lado Gudiashvili's Project idea: Tbilisi State Chamber and David Kakabadze, giving Orchestra– ‘Georgian Sinfonietta’ a comprehensive picture of Original idea of the ballet and the diversity and aesthetics of choreography by Mariam Georgian Art. Aleksidze, Company Artistic Director– Mariam Aleksidze MUSIC Artistic Director– Giorgi Kerelashvili NEWON MUSIC FESTIVAL Mikheil Abramishvili (countertenor) Tbilisi Night Time Economy Étienne Galletier (theorbo, baroque project guitar) Elektrowerk, 2 Monk Gabriel Salosi Start time: 19:30 I Turn Ticket: 10-30 GEL GEORGIA TODAY NOVEMBER 30 - DECEMBER 3, 2018 CULTURE 15 Exhibition of History of Lithuanian Jews Held at Museum of Georgian-Jewish Relations in Tbilisi

peacefully until the Second World War. Mtskheta is special since it is the burial BY LIKA CHIGLADZE The Second World War changed the site of Christ's mantle,” he noted. situation dramatically and, unfortunately, “Each of the attending ambassadors some Lithuanians took part in shameful recalled the mistakes that were made by n November 27, the David activities, yet we also saw many examples humanity in the past and emphasized Baazov Museum of His- of heroism, when a number of Lithuani- the importance of learning from our tory of the Jews of Georgia ans sacrifi ced their lives to help Jewish mistakes. Remembering such moments and Georgian-Jewish Rela- people. We cannot change the past, but in history is always important in order tions in Tbilisi hosted an we can make a future and now we are to avoid future mistakes. Although the exhibitionO named Fragments from the rediscovering many things in our history. 20th century saw the biggest cruelty History of Lithuanian Jews. The event After 50 years of Soviet rule, we are dis- against Jewish people, in other epochs was organized on the initiative of the covering and analyzing the richness of in many countries anti-Semitism move- Embassy of the Republic of Lithuania to our historical past and the richness of the ments were also widespread. Not only Georgia as part of the events marking history of the Jews in Lithuania,” he noted. were six million Jews sacrifi ced, but their the 100th Anniversary of gaining back The exhibition was attended by the offspring as well, since they could not independence. The exhibition was opened ambassadors of Japan, Greece, Germany, give birth to future generations. It was by Giedrius Puodžiunas, Ambassador of Brazil, the EU and a representative of a really huge loss for the entire world, Lithuania, Givi Gambashidze, Director the US Embassy to Georgia, as well as since the Jewish nation has always been of the Georgian-Jewish Museum and high offi cials and local Georgian Jews. known for its talented and intelligent Markas Zingeris, Director of the Vilna All the ambassadors delivered speeches, personalities. As a Georgian man, I’m Gaon State Jewish Museum, which pro- expressing their respect to Jewish people two stages, the fi rst exhibition held under in Lithuania. Around nine of every ten happy that in my country we have never vided photographs for the exhibition. around the world. The EU Ambassador the patronage of the Lithuanian Embassy of the Jewish population were massacred supported anti-Semitism, and have always The exhibition presents around 46 pho- to Georgia, Carl Hartzell, together with was ‘Jews Behind the Iron Curtain,’ about during that period. So the fi rst exhibi- respected other nations and their values. tos unveiling important moments from his colleagues, expressed his happiness the Jewish struggle for identity under the tion was very dramatic and emotional,” Even today it is so,” the museum direc- the history Lithuanian Jews from cultural, at being invited to the exhibition and soviet regime. Now we present 46 photos he told us. “This time, the Embassy and tor remarked. economic, architectural and religious went on to emphasize the importance brought from our museum. It’s a random Vilna Gaon State Jewish Museum pre- The David Baazov Museum of History perspectives. The display will remain in of such exhibitions in helping us to collection, but randomness also shows sented an interesting exhibition featur- of the Jews of Georgia was fi rst restored Tbilisi until mid-December. remember the past and have a clearer uniqueness. We have many more such ing the history and lives of Jewish Lith- in 1992 and later in 2013, giving birth to The David Baazov Museum of History view of the future. photographs in different cities of Lithu- uanians from the 1910 to present, new life at the venue. Since then, besides of Jews of Georgia is the principal museum “I recalled how active Georgian Jews ania and also in the Lithuanian state showcasing their cultural and architec- hosting a variety of exhibitions, the of Jewish history and culture in Tbilisi, were during soviet times and how they archive. We do travelling exhibitions tural heritage as well as aspects of human museum has served as a hub for cultural established on November 30, 1932 as a protested and acted together with Lithu- because we consider education and dia- life in religious, social and economic exchange and friendship in Georgia. In departmental organization within the anian and Latvian Jews shoulder-to- logue with present day students and the spheres. Lithuania stands out for its his- this regard, in 2018, the Georgian gov- framework of the cultural base of Jewish shoulder to win the right to travel and new generation a very important part of tory of Jews. From the late 19th century, ernment granted the status of Intangible workers. emigrate, part of universal human rights,” our work,” he added. represented one of the largest Cultural Heritage to the Georgian-Jew- “We wanted to share part of the Lithu- Zingeris told GEORGIA TODAY. “Our GEORGIA TODAY also talked to Prof. Jewish centers in Europe. Its Jewish ish friendship history, which counts over anian history that is very important to museum suggested the Lithuanian Givi Gambashidze. infl uence has led to it being described 26 centuries. According Gambashidze, us,” Ambassador of Lithuania to Georgia Embassy in Tbilisi make an exhibition “On the initiative of Embassy of Lithu- as the ‘Jerusalem of Lithuania.’ It is also the museum is working to present a Giedrius Puodžiunas said. “Vilnius is a featuring moments from history of Lith- ania, we hosted an exhibition dedicated known as the ‘Jerusalem of the North.’ document about the history of Georgian- very important city in Jewish history, yet uanian Jews composed from unique pho- to the Lithuanian Jews for the second As a Georgian, I’m happy we also have Jewish relations to UNESCO in 2019, almost all cities in Lithuania have a Jew- tographs depicting various periods of time already. Last year the exhibition the expression the ‘Jerusalem of Mtkheta, hoping this fact will receive recognition ish community. Our nations coexisted their lives. The exhibition proceeded in focused on the World War two Holocaust but in a different context: the city of from UNESCO at the international level. Georgian Wrestling - Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity tural Preservation of Georgia granted Georgian Wrestling the status of Intan- gible Cultural Heritage. In 2016, accord- ing to the resolution of the Prime Min- ister, Georgian Wrestling was bestowed with the national category. Afterwards, the given issue was sent to UNESCO, with the objective of inscription of Geor- gian Wrestling on the Representative Image source: Facebook List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Wrestling is the ancient type of sport, Presentation at Art Palace: which is widespread in Georgia. The wrestling scene on the Alaverdi wall represents it as one of the oldest types ‘Art of Georgia 1918-1920’ of sports practiced in Georgia. The faces pure Georgian spirit and culture of those BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA of the characters of the scene, their times. 72 outstanding pieces retelling clothes and manners of their movement the stories of creation of the fi rst Geor- Source, Image source: Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sport of Georgia indicate the traditional Georgian wres- gian operas and fi lm were collected for on November 28. tling art. Religious festivals were accom- n November 28, Art Pal- the book, accompanied by a number of BY KETEVAN KVARATSKHELIYA The 13th annual meeting will be attended panied by such competitions. Due to this ace hosted the launch of photos, sketches and manuscripts. by the Georgian delegation, represented fact, Georgian Wrestling is an expression a book named ‘Art of The launch was attended by the Min- by the Director of the National Agency of the identity of the Georgian nation. Georgia 1918-1920’. The ister of Culture and Sport of Georgia, he Intergovernmental Com- for Cultural Preservation of Georgia, Georgian Wrestling includes almost 200 bilingual catalogue of 300 Mikheil Batiasvhili, and the independ- mittee for the Safeguarding Nikoloz Antidze, Chief Coordinator of stratagems and maneuvers, and is classi- pagesO was produced by Art Palace within ent candidate for the Presidential Elec- of the Intangible Cultural the International Relations Unit of the fi ed in six principal fi elds. Music is an the framework of the 100th anniversary tions, Salome Zurabishvili. Heritage will hold its annual same agency, Manana Vardzelashvili, the unalienable part of Georgian Wrestling. of the Independent Republic of Georgia Citing the examples presented in the meeting for the 13th time Secretary-General of the Georgian The list of the Intangible Cultural Her- with the support of the Ministry of Cul- book, Zuarbishvili in her speech focused Tfrom 26 November to 1 December in Port National Commission for UNESCO, itage of UNESCO also includes the fol- ture and Sport of Georgia. on the signifi cance of the freedom and Louis, Mauritius. The inscription of Ketevan Kandelaki and the President of lowing elements: Georgian Polyphonic ‘Art of Georgia 1918-1920’ comprises independence of the spirit, as well as Georgian Wrestling (Chidaoba) on the the National Wrestling Federation of singing (2001) and Living culture of three unique archive material taken from the the ability to reveal talent and create Representative List of Intangible Cultural Georgia, Gela Beruashvili. writing systems of the Georgian alphabet press of the Independent Republic of something new, important and memo- Heritage of Humanity will be examined In 2014, the National Agency for Cul- (2016). Georgia, which clearly represents the rable.

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