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CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES

COWLEY ROAD CONSERVATION AREA NO.79

Consultation Draft, November 2020

Note: Every effort has been made interest. Therefore, the omission of any process a more detailed and up to date to ensure the accuracy of this feature does not necessarily convey assessment of a particular site and its document but due to the complexity a lack of significance. The Council will context is undertaken. This may reveal of conservation areas, it would be continue to assess each development additional considerations relating to impossible to include every facet proposal on its own merits, on a character or appearance which may be COWLEY ROAD contributing to the area’s special site-specific basis. As part of this of relevance to a particular case. 1 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Introduction

PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT The principal aims of conservation • Raise public interest and This document has been area appraisals are to: awareness of the special produced using the guidance set character of their area; out by Historic in the 2019 • Describe the historic and publication titled Understanding architectural character and • Identify the positive features Place: Conservation Area appearance of the area which should be conserved, Designation, Appraisal and which will assist applicants in as well as negative features Management, making successful planning which indicate scope for future Advice Note 1 (Second Edition). applications and decision enhancements. makers in assessing planning This document will be a material applications; consideration when assessing planning applications.

WHAT IS A BUILDINGS OF CONSERVATION AREA CONSERVATION AREA? TOWNSCAPE MERIT APPRAISAL The statutory definition of a Buildings of Townscape Merit (BTMs) A conservation area appraisal aims conservation area is an ‘area of are buildings, groups of buildings or to describe the special historic and special architectural or historic structures of historic or architectural architectural character of an area. interest, the character or interest, which are locally listed A conservation area’s character appearance of which it is desirable due to their considerable local is defined by a combination of to preserve or enhance’. The power importance. The policy, as outlined elements such as architecture, uses, to designate conservation areas is in the Council’s Local Plan, sets materials and detailing as well as the given to local authorities through out a presumption against the relationship between buildings and the Planning (Listed Buildings and demolition of BTMs unless structural their settings. Conservations Areas) Act, 1990 evidence has been submitted by Many other elements contribute to (Sections 69 to 78). the applicant, and independently character and appearance such as verified at the cost of the applicant. Once designated, proposals within a the placement of buildings within conservation area become subject Locally specific guidance on their plots; views and vistas; the to local conservation policies set design and character is set out relationship between the street and out in Chapter 4 of the Council’s in the Council’s Buildings of the buildings and the presence of Local Plan and national policies Townscape Merit Supplementary trees and green space. outlined in part 12 of the National Planning Document (2015), which The conservation area appraisal Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). applicants are expected to follow is an evidence base rather than Our overarching duty which is set for any alterations and extensions a planning policy document. out in the Act is to preserve and/or to existing BTMs, or for any This means that it is the main enhance the historic or architectural replacement structures. document for recording what is of character or appearance of the principal importance in terms of conservation area. character and appearance of each conservation area. However, the relevant policies are contained within the Borough’s Local Plan, specifically Chapter 4 ‘Local Character and Design’. Refer to the Council’s website for the latest Local Plan.

COWLEY ROAD 2 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES CONSERVATION

\ AREAS I � I Conservation Areas \ D \ \ r,. ;, • CA79 . '•,.j Borough boundary �7

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\ CA79 ·-·:-, 58 - 't ...... ___ .---■ BOROUGH London Borough of BOUNDARY Richmond upon Thames SCALE 1:40,000 Scale 1 :40, 000 0KM ¼ ½ ¾ 0km 1;4 0MILES ¼ ½ Omiles Map showing Richmond Conservation Areas. Conservation Area 79, Cowley Road, highlighted.

1. Barnes Green 23. 45. Strawberry Vale 67. Parkleys Estate (Ham) 2. Green 24. Park 46. Rosecroft Gardens 68. Holmesdale Avenue 3. 25. Castelnau 47. Queens Road (Twickenham) 69. Sheen Common Drive 4. Richmond Riverside 26. The Grove 48. Amyand Park Road 70. Sheen Lane () 5. Richmond Hill 27. Lock 49. Crown Road 71. Fieldend (Twickenham) 6. Petersham 28. Broom Water 50. Sheendale Road 72. Hamilton Road 7. Ham Common 29. Belmont Road 51. Mortlake Green 73. Burlington Avenue and West 8. Twickenham Riverside 30. St Matthias 52. Avenue Park Road 9. Twickenham Green 31. Sheen Road 53. White Hart Lane 74. Defoe and Ruskin Avenue 10. Trafalgar Road 32. 54. Waldegrave Park 75. Oaklands Estate 11. Hampton Court Green 33. Mortlake 55. Kew Road 76. Madrid Road 12. Hampton Village 34. Model Cottages 56. Beresford Avenue 77. Gardens 13. Christ Church Road 35. Queens Road (Mortlake) 57. Old 78. Cole Park Road 14. 36. Kew Foot Road 58. Platt’s Eyot 79. Cowley Road 15. 37. High Street (Teddington) 59. Normansfield 80. King Edward’s Grove 16. Thorne Passage 38. Hight Street () 60. 81. Royal Road 17. Central Richmond 39. Blackmore’s Grove 61. Bushy Park 82. St James’s Avenue 18. 40. Pope’s Avenue 62. 83. Wick Road 19. St Margarets 41. Joanna Southcott Chapel 63. RoyaI Botanic Gardens 84. Broad Street 20. Lawn Crescent 42. Mays Road 64. Sheen Lane (East Sheen) 85. Church Road 21. Cambridge Park 43. Strawberry Hill Road 65. Road (Hampton) 22. Park Road (Teddington) 44. Mallard Place 66. Richmond Road

COWLEY ROAD 3 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Statement of Significance

Summary of special • High-quality craftsmanship • Certain buildings may have architectural and historic and design are evident in the a possible link to Sir James interest of conservation area. ornamented, detailed façades, Horlick, known as the ‘Malt use of materials, and other Barron’, a pharmacist and • Example of speculative architectural elements such creator of the Horlicks Malt terraced houses constructed in as elaborate tiled entrances, Drink Company; the early 1900s; casement windows with smaller • A small group of Victorian • High-quality early 20th century upper lights, and decoratively railway cottages situated along housing with front gardens, glazed front doors; North Worple Way are of special contributing to character and • Designed in conjunction interest and make a positive townscape; with the Cowley Mansion contribution to the historic • The architectural style in the blocks, they are examples of street scene; conservation area is different aspirational housing of the of • Intact original front from surrounding areas, with early 20th century; boundary walls. more elaborate designs;

COWLEY ROAD 4 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Location and Setting

General character and plan sides of the road. The street was There is a short run of Victorian form, e.g. linear, compact, developed as aspirational housing, railway cottages along North dense or dispersed; important with more elaborate designs than Worple Way that are older than views, landmarks, open spaces, any of the other terraces nearby, the surrounding Edwardian uniformity. such as First or Second Avenue. development and are of interest, being designated Buildings of Together with the substantial Townscape Merit. Cowley Road is a street of number of street trees and front speculative terraced houses gardens, the development has constructed in 1911 according to the a high-quality townscape which date displayed in cartouches on the makes a positive contribution to the gables at regular intervals on both surrounding area.

COWLEY ROAD 5 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development

Stages/ phases of historical Worple Way were vacant at the to improved earnings, education development and historic time, with only part of the street and living conditions influenced associations (archaeology etc) developed alongside First and the growth in community as well which may be influencing how the Second Avenues. as the development of new forms area is experienced. of architecture and construction Buildings along Cowley Road were methods. designed in conjunction with Historic plans show that the the Cowley Mansion blocks, and On each gable, signifying the centre dwellings along Cowley Road and demonstrate a time in history when of a group of 8 terraces, is a circular the Cowley Mansion blocks were the development of aspirational motif with a lion’s head depicted in designed by Charles H. Flack for a housing was in demand as a result front of a sheaf, which is also used J. Horlick. OS Maps from 1910 show of greater prosperity in the early on the Cowley Mansion blocks. that the majority of Cowley Road part of the early 20th century. It and part of the land facing North was during this time that access

1910s 1930s

COWLEY ROAD 6 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Historical Development

Although this motif has not been Street share this Cowley name and categorically verified, a search of the barley motifs on gables may J.Horlick indicates that there could therefore suggest a link to the malt be a link to Sir James Horlick, known company which James Horlick as the ‘Malt Barron’, a pharmacist created. and creator of the Horlicks Malt An earlier phase of a small group of Drink Company. Interestingly, James Victorian railway cottages is also Horlick lived in a manor house in situated along North Worple Way Gloucester called Cowley Manor and and are of special interest as they was in London at the beginning of make a positive contribution to the the 20th century. historic street scene. Both Cowley Road and Cowley Mansions along Mortlake High

1. Cowley Mansions 2. Dwellings along North Worple Way (source: richmond.spydus.co.uk )

1

2

COWLEY ROAD 7 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form

Dominant architectural styles, The architectural style in Cowley High-quality craftsmanship the prevalent types and periods Road is quite different from the and design are evident in the of buildings, their status and immediate surrounding area and ornamented, detailed façades, use essential characteristics, is readily identifiable. The detailing of materials, and other architectural and their relationship to the of the double-storey façades with elements such as elaborate tiled topography, street pattern and/ the use of red brick, large Dutch entrances, casement windows or the skyline. Also important is gables, slate roofs, parapets, finials, with smaller upper lights, and their authenticity, distinctiveness double height bays, oriel windows decoratively glazed front doors. and uniqueness of materials, and recessed porches is quite Given the small front gardens which design, form, texture, colour etc.) elaborate, and shows a greater are unable to be used for parking, sense of grandeur when compared most front boundary walls have to surrounding streets which remained intact. are of more typical Edwardian construction and design.

9-24 (consecutive) North Worpole Way. End of terrace in Cowley Road with prominent gable decoration, chimney stacks and hipped roof.

Cowley Road streetscape with low boundaries and street trees. Cowley Road houses with double storey bays and decorative gables and entrance details.

COWLEY ROAD 8 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Quality & Built Form

House on Cowley Road. Houses on Cowley Road.

Houses on North Worple Way. Houses on North Worple Way.

COWLEY ROAD 9 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Architectural Details

COWLEY ROAD 10 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Open Space, Parks, Garden & Trees

Private and public land, front As the front gardens are not able to gardens, trees, hedges and street be used for vehicles many are well greenery, parks, civic spaces planted, and boundary dwarf walls their sense and contribution to have remained intact. These features the character and experience of add to the character of the street, an area. alongside mature street trees.

View down Cowley Road with mature street trees. Pavements with street trees and low boundary walls front houses in Cowley Road.

Hedges and shrubbery in front gardens are Cowley Road streetscape. features of the streetscape in Cowley Road.

COWLEY ROAD 11 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Management Plan

PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRESSURES ENHANCEMENT AND • Loss of traditional architectural RECOMMENDATIONS features (original design • Preservation, enhancement and timber doors, windows, and tile reinstatement of architectural surrounds) and materials due to details, quality and unity that is unsympathetic alterations and preferably based upon historic extensions; evidence; • Loss of original boundary walls • Seek the reinstatement of and garden space for front front garden planting alongside lightwells and hard surfacing; planning applications for • Lack of coordination and refurbishment, resist the loss of inferior quality street furniture original boundary walls and seek and paving; that any lightwells are placed to the side and rear of properties • Poor-quality and disproportionate and that hard standing is roof additions; reduced; • Use of poor-quality products • Coordination of colour and in building works such as uPVC, design and improvement in roofing felt and GRP products. quality of street furniture and paving; • Improvement of highways conditions and pedestrian crossings, and rationalisation of existing signage and street furniture; • Seek to encourage excellent and proportionate design and use of better-quality materials which are sympathetic to the period and style of the building.

Streetscene: • Retain/ reinstate traditional paving slabs, granite kerbs and channels; • Lamp columns should be green-black finish; • Other measures should accord with the guidance in the Public Space Design Guide.

COWLEY ROAD 12 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES References and contributions

Text prepared by John Somers REFERENCES WEBSITES JS Conservation Management Historic England (2019) London Borough of Richmond Upon and Town Planning Ltd. in ‘Conservation Area Designation, Thames Local Studies conjunction with L B Richmond Appraisal and Management: www.calmview.eu/Richmond/ Urban Design and Conservation. Historic England Advice calmview/ Note 1’ Published by Historic Accessed March/ April 2017 All site photographs by J Somers England, London. and LB Richmond Council.

London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames (2016) ‘Mortlake Village Plan SPD’ Published by The London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames.

COWLEY ROAD 13 CONSERVATION AREA No.79 CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES

LONDON BOROUGH OF RICHMOND UPON THAMES Environment Directorate 2nd Floor Civic Centre 44 York Street Twickenham TW1 3BZ Tel: 020 8891 1411 Email: richmondurban.design@ richmondandwandsworth.gov.uk www.richmond.gov.uk Produced by Urban Design and Conservation Published 2020

If you need this leaflet in Braille, large print, audio tape, or another language, please contact us on 020 88917322 Civic Centre 44 York Street Twickenham TW1 3BZ

www.richmond.gov.uk

COWLEY ROAD 14 CONSERVATION AREA NO.79