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Magnesium Stearate
SAFETY DATA SHEET Magnesium Stearate SECTION 1 - PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION 1.1 Product identifier Product Name: Magnesium Stearate Product Code(s): Magnesium Stearate Synonym(s): Octadecanoic acid, magnesium salt; Dibasic magnesium stearate; Stearic acid, magnesium salt REACH Registration Number: No data available 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against General use: For use in industrial and laboratory applications Uses advised against: None known 1.3 Details of the supplier and of the safety data sheet Manufacturer/Distributor Allan Chemical Corporation 235 Margaret King Avenue Ringwood, NJ 07456 USA +1-973-962-4014 1.4 Emergency telephone number Chem Tel +1-813-248-0585 +1-800-255-3924 SECTION 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1 Classification of substance or mixture Product definition: Substance Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) and Regulation EC No. 1272/2008 Not a dangerous substance according to OSHA or to European Union Legislation 2.2 Label Elements Not classified as dangerous according to GHS 2.3 Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) or not covered by GHS May form combustible dust concentrations in air SECTION 3 - COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 3.1 Substances % by Weight Ingredient CAS Number EC Number Index Number GHS Classification >99 Magnesium Stearate 557-04-0 209-150-3 ------------ ------------ There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the concentrations applicable, are classified as hazardous to health or the environment and hence, require reporting in this section. 3.2 Mixtures Not applicable SECTION 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES 4.1 Description of first aid measures Inhalation: If exposure to product mist causes respiratory irritation or distress, move the exposed person to fresh air immediately. -
Calcium Stearate Processing
National Organic Standards Board Technical Advisory Panel (TAP) Review Compiled by University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (UC SAREP) for the USDA National Organic Program Calcium Stearate Processing Executive Summary1 A petition is under consideration with respect to NOP regulations subpart G §205.605, governing the use of substances in processed products: Petitioned: Inclusion of calcium stearate on National List of nonagricultural substances allowed in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s)).” Calcium stearate is a compound of calcium with a mixture of solid organic acids obtained from edible sources. It is generally used as a solid-phase lubricant that reduces friction between particles of the substance to which it is added. The Petitioner’s intended use is “as a flow agent (anti-dusting agent)” to be used in dry flour based ingredients sold to bakeries (NOSB Petition). The NOP has no prior listing or ruling on the substance. All three reviewers agreed that the substance should be considered synthetic. The reviewers were divided over the use of calcium stearate in food labeled as “organic.” Two of the reviewers felt it should not be allowed in these foods, while one reviewer felt it should be accepted. One reviewer who voted to restrict its use indicated that more information was needed on the nature of the substance and its potential applications, and the other reviewer felt that inclusion of a “synthetic” substance in organics runs contrary to consumer’s expectations regarding organic products. All three reviewers agreed that the substance should be allowed in products labeled as “made with organic…” ingredients. -
Hormones and Breeding
IN-DEPTH: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY Hormones and Breeding Carlos R.F. Pinto, MedVet, PhD, Diplomate ACT Author’s address: Theriogenology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; e-mail: [email protected]. © 2013 AAEP. 1. Introduction affected by PGF treatment to induce estrus. In The administration of hormones to mares during other words, once luteolysis takes place, whether breeding management is an essential tool for equine induced by PGF treatment or occurring naturally, practitioners. Proper and timely administration of the events that follow (estrus behavior, ovulation specific hormones to broodmares may be targeted to and fertility) are essentially similar or minimally prevent reproductive disorders, to serve as an aid to affected (eg, decreased signs of behavioral estrus). treating reproductive disorders or hormonal imbal- Duration of diestrus and interovulatory intervals ances, and to optimize reproductive efficiency, for are shortened after PGF administration.1 The example, through induction of estrus or ovulation. equine corpus luteum (CL) is responsive to PGF These hormones, when administered exogenously, luteolytic effects any day after ovulation; however, act to control the duration and onset of the different only CL Ͼ5 days are responsive to one bolus injec- stages of the estrous cycle, specifically by affecting tion of PGF.2,3 Luteolysis or antiluteogenesis can duration of luteal function, hastening ovulation es- be reliably achieved in CL Ͻ5 days only if multiple pecially for timed artificial insemination and stimu- PGF treatments are administered. For that rea- lating myometrial activity in mares susceptible to or son, it became a widespread practice to administer showing delayed uterine clearance. -
Activity of Povidone in Recent Biomedical Applications with Emphasis on Micro- and Nano Drug Delivery Systems
pharmaceutics Review Activity of Povidone in Recent Biomedical Applications with Emphasis on Micro- and Nano Drug Delivery Systems Ewelina Waleka 1,2 , Zbigniew Stojek 1 and Marcin Karbarz 1,* 1 Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, 101 Zwirki˙ i Wigury Av., PL 02-089 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (E.W.); [email protected] (Z.S.) 2 Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 1 Pl. Politechniki Av., PL 00-661 Warsaw, Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Due to the unwanted toxic properties of some drugs, new efficient methods of protection of the organisms against that toxicity are required. New materials are synthesized to effectively disseminate the active substance without affecting the healthy cells. Thus far, a number of poly- mers have been applied to build novel drug delivery systems. One of interesting polymers for this purpose is povidone, pVP. Contrary to other polymeric materials, the synthesis of povidone nanoparticles can take place under various condition, due to good solubility of this polymer in several organic and inorganic solvents. Moreover, povidone is known as nontoxic, non-carcinogenic, and temperature-insensitive substance. Its flexible design and the presence of various functional groups allow connection with the hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs. It is worth noting, that pVP is regarded as an ecofriendly substance. Despite wide application of pVP in medicine, it was not often selected for the production of drug carriers. This review article is focused on recent reports on the role povidone can play in micro- and nano drug delivery systems. -
LHRH) Antagonist Cetrorelix and LHRH Agonist Triptorelin on the Gene Expression of Pituitary LHRH Receptors in Rats
Comparison of mechanisms of action of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonist cetrorelix and LHRH agonist triptorelin on the gene expression of pituitary LHRH receptors in rats Magdolna Kovacs*†‡ and Andrew V. Schally*†§ *Endocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112; and †Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112 Contributed by Andrew V. Schally, August 21, 2001 The mechanisms through which luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing however, are different. LHRH agonists achieve the inhibition of hormone (LHRH) antagonists suppress pituitary gonadotroph func- gonadotropin secretion after a period of continuous exposure (1, tions and LHRH-receptor (LHRH-R) expression are incompletely un- 2, 11–14). In contrast, antagonists of LHRH produce a compet- derstood. Consequently, we investigated the direct effect of LHRH itive blockade of LHRH-R and cause an immediate cessation of antagonist cetrorelix in vitro on the expression of the pituitary the release of gonadotropins and sex steroids, reducing the time LHRH-R gene and its ability to counteract the exogenous LHRH and of the onset of therapeutic effects as compared with the agonists the agonist triptorelin in the regulation of this gene. We also com- (1, 2, 15–17). LHRH agonists such as triptorelin, leuprolide, pared the effects of chronic administration of cetrorelix and triptore- buserelin, or goserelin (1, 2, 14) have been used worldwide for lin on the LHRH-R mRNA level and gonadotropin secretion in ovari- nearly two decades, but LHRH antagonists such as cetrorelix, ectomized (OVX) and normal female rats. The exposure of pituitary ganirelix, and Abarelix have been introduced into the clinical cells in vitro to 3-min pulses of 1 nM LHRH or 0.1 nM triptorelin for 5 h practice relatively recently (1, 2, 15, 16). -
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE Prepared at the 30th JECFA (1986), published in FNP 37 (1986) and in FNP 52 (1992). Metals and arsenic specifications revised at the 63rd JECFA (2004). An ADI of 0-50 mg/kg bw was established at the 30th JECFA (1986) SYNONYMS Povidone, PVP; INS No. 1201 DEFINITION Chemical names Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)- ethylene] C.A.S. number 9003-39-8 Chemical formula (C6H9NO)n Structural formula Formula weight Lower molecular weight range product: about 40 000 Higher molecular weight range product: about 360 000 Assay Not less than 12.2% and not more than 13.0% of Nitrogen (N) on the anhydrous basis DESCRIPTION White to tan powder; supplied in two molecular weight forms; the molecular weight value is an average molecular weight for the two forms FUNCTIONAL USES Clarifying agent, stabilizer, bodying agent, tableting adjunct, dispersing agent CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Soluble in water, in ethanol and in chloroform; insoluble in ether pH (Vol. 4) 3.0 - 7.0 (5% soln) Precipitate formation To 5 ml of a 1 in 50 solution of the sample add 5 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid TS, 5 ml of water and 2 ml of 1 in 10 solution of potassium dichromate. A yellow precipitate forms. Add 5 ml of a 1 in 50 solution of the sample to 75 mg of cobalt nitrate and 0.3 g of ammonium thiocyanate dissolved in 2 ml of water, mix and acidify with dilute hydrochloric acid TS. A pale blue precipitate forms. To 5 ml of a 1 in 50 solution of the sample add 1 ml of 25% hydrochloric acid and 5 ml of 5% barium chloride solution and 1 ml of 5% phosphomolybdotungstic acid solution. -
Personalized ADT
Personalized ADT Thomas Keane MD Conflicts • Ferring • Tolemar • Bayer • Astellas • myriad Personalized ADT for the Specific Paent • Cardiac • OBesity and testosterone • Fsh • High volume metastac disease • Docetaxol • Significant LUTS Cardiovascular risk profile and ADT Is there a difference? Degarelix Belongs to a class of synthe@c drug, GnRH antagonist (Blocker) GnRH pGlu His Trp Ser Tyr Gly Leu Arg Pro Gly NH2 Leuprolide D-Leu NEt Goserelin D-Ser NH2 LHRH agonists Triptorelin D-Trp NH2 Buserelin D-Ser NEt Degarelix D-NaI D-Cpa D-PaI Aph D-Aph D-Ala NH2 N-Me ABarelix D-NaI D-Cpa D-PaI D-Asn Lys D-Ala NH2 Tyr GnRH antagonists Cetrorelix D-NaI D-Cpa D-PaI D-Cit D-Ala NH2 Ganirelix D-NaI D-CPa D-PaI D-hArg D-hArg D-Ala NH2 Millar RP, et al. Endocr Rev 2004;25:235–75 Most acute CVD events are caused By rupture of a vulnerable atherosclero@c plaque The vulnerable plaque – thin cap with inflammaon Inflammation Plaque instability is at the heart of cardiovascular disease Stable plaque Vulnerable plaque Lumen Lumen Lipid core Lipid core FiBrous cap FiBrous cap Thick Cap Thin Rich in SMC and matrix Composion Rich in inflammatory cells: proteoly@c ac@vity Poor Lipid Rich Inflammatory Inflammatory state Highly inflammatory LiBBy P. Circulaon 1995;91:2844-2850 Incidence of Both prostate cancer and CV events is highest in older men Prostate cancer CV events 3500 3500 Prostate cancer All CV disease Major CV events 3000 3000 2827.1 2500 2500 2338.9 2000 2000 1719.7 1500 1500 1152.6 1008.7 1038.7 1000 1000 641.2 545.2 571.1 Age-specific incidence per 100,000 person-years 500 500 246.9 133.7 4.3 0 0 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 CV, cardiovascular Major CV events = myocardial infarc@on, stroke, or death due to CV disease All CV disease = major CV events + self-reported angina or revascularisaon procedures Driver, et al. -
Agrimer™ Polyvinylpyyrolidone (PVP)
agrimer ™ polyvinylpyyrolidone (PVP) binder, dispersant rheology, modifier, film former, complexing agent Agrimer™ polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) this brochure is divided into two main segments suggested applications General properties and uses 2-10 ¢ complexing agent Agricultural case studies 10 ¢ stabilizers / co-dispersants These case studies highlight the uses of Agrimer™ ¢ binders in dry / wet granulation and extrusion (dry compaction / fluidized-bed spray drying process) polymers in seed coatings, granule and tablet binders and as dispersants. ¢ film-forming agents / binders in seed coatings, dips and pour-ons general properties and uses ¢ biological stabilization ¢ water binding / anti-transpiration properties Agrimer™ PVP products are linear, non-ionic polymers that are soluble in water and many organic solvents. ¢ solubility enhancers via co-precipitation or They are pH stable, and have adhesive, cohesive thermal extrusion and binding properties. The unique ability to adsorb ¢ dye-binding agent on a host of active ingredients makes Agrimer™ PVP regulatory status homopolymers preferred co-dispersants in many The Agrimer™ PVP products listed in this brochure are formulations. Agrimer™ homopolymers have a high exempt from the requirement of a tolerance under glass transition temperature. 40 CFR 180.960. Lower molecular weight (Mw) Agrimer™ polymers (Agrimer™ 15 and Agrimer™ 30) are suitable for physical and chemical properties applications where dusting is a concern, such as The Agrimer™ polymers, a family of homopolymers of seed coatings and agglomeration. Higher Mw polyvinylpyrrolidone, are available in different viscosity Agrimer™ polymers (Agrimer™ 90 and Agrimer™ 120) can grades, ranging from very low to very high molecular build formulation viscosity faster and provide excellent weight. This range, coupled with their solubility in binding and film forming properties. -
Magnesium Stearate
United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service | National Organic Program Document Cover Sheet https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/organic/national-list/petitioned Document Type: ☐ National List Petition or Petition Update A petition is a request to amend the USDA National Organic Program’s National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances (National List). Any person may submit a petition to have a substance evaluated by the National Organic Standards Board (7 CFR 205.607(a)). Guidelines for submitting a petition are available in the NOP Handbook as NOP 3011, National List Petition Guidelines. Petitions are posted for the public on the NOP website for Petitioned Substances. ☒ Technical Report A technical report is developed in response to a petition to amend the National List. Reports are also developed to assist in the review of substances that are already on the National List. Technical reports are completed by third-party contractors and are available to the public on the NOP website for Petitioned Substances. Contractor names and dates completed are available in the report. Magnesium Stearate Handling/Processing 1 2 Identification of Petitioned Substance 13 3 Chemical Names: 14 Trade Names: 4 Magnesium stearate 15 N/A 5 Octadecanoic acid magnesium salt 6 Magnesium octadecanoate CAS Numbers: 7 557-04-0 8 Other Name: 9 Stearic acid magnesium salt 10 Magnesium distearate Other Codes: 11 EC-No. 209-150-3 12 INS No. 470(iii) 16 17 Summary of Petitioned Use 18 Magnesium stearate is used as a lubricant or anticaking agent in food processing and handling. Magnesium 19 stearate is currently listed on the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances as a synthetic 20 nonagricultural (nonorganic) substance allowed as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as “organic” 21 or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s))” (7 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 205.605(b)). -
Download Article As
FOCUS > EQUINE FOCUS < OVINE FOCUS > EQUINE Inducing timed ovulation in the mare Susan Salter BSc Hons BVM&S MRCVS and Jonathon Pycock BVetMed PhD DESM MRCVS compare and contrast various ovulating agents used to induce ovulation in mares at breeding, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages, effi cacy and welfare implications associated with each Weatherbys documented 14,747 active thoroughbred hCG was used on subsequent cycles. They also showed broodmares in Ireland in 2019, almost twice as many as that younger mares were more likely to ovulate within 48 the UK which recorded 8,571. Ireland is the third biggest hours than older mares when given hCG. Repeated use of producer of thoroughbreds in the world after Australia and hCG is, therefore, associated with decreased reliability in the USA.1 inducing timed ovulation and e icacy declines significantly In addition, it is estimated that there are around 15,000 active with increased mare age making it unreliable for use in breeders in the sport horse sector. 2 In order to maximise the older mares.3 In Ireland, hCG is still used since the deslorelin e iciency of breeding, it is essential that timing of ovulation implant has labour, cost, welfare and safety implications. can be manipulated e ectively. It is also imperative that attempts to manipulate timing of ovulation are not associated DESLORELIN ACETATE – THE IMPLANT AND THE with subsequent delays in return to oestrus. The current INJECTABLE Covid-19 crisis presents additional challenges and pressures Deslorelin is a gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) of balancing the economic imperative to continue equine receptor agonist. -
Hertfordshire Medicines Management Committee (Hmmc) Nafarelin for Endometriosis Amber Initiation – Recommended for Restricted Use
HERTFORDSHIRE MEDICINES MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (HMMC) NAFARELIN FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS AMBER INITIATION – RECOMMENDED FOR RESTRICTED USE Name: What it is Indication Date Decision NICE / SMC generic decision status Guidance (trade) last revised Nafarelin A potent agonistic The hormonal December Final NICE NG73 2mg/ml analogue of management of 2020 Nasal Spray gonadotrophin endometriosis, (Synarel®) releasing hormone including pain relief and (GnRH) reduction of endometriotic lesions HMMC recommendation: Amber initiation across Hertfordshire (i.e. suitable for primary care prescribing after specialist initiation) as an option in endometriosis Background Information: Gonadorelin analogues (or gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists [GnRHas]) include buserelin, goserelin, leuprorelin, nafarelin and triptorelin. The current HMMC decision recommends triptorelin as Decapeptyl SR® injection as the gonadorelin analogue of choice within licensed indications (which include endometriosis) link to decision. A request was made by ENHT to use nafarelin nasal spray as an alternative to triptorelin intramuscular injection during the COVID-19 pandemic. The hospital would provide initial 1 month supply, then GPs would continue for further 5 months as an alternative to the patient attending for further clinic appointments for administration of triptorelin. Previously at ENHT, triptorelin was the only gonadorelin analogue on formulary for gynaecological indications. At WHHT buserelin nasal spray 150mcg/dose is RED (hospital only) for infertility & endometriosis indications. Nafarelin nasal spray 2mg/ml is licensed for: . The hormonal management of endometriosis, including pain relief and reduction of endometriotic lesions. Use in controlled ovarian stimulation programmes prior to in-vitro fertilisation, under the supervision of an infertility specialist. Use of nafarelin in endometriosis aims to induce chronic pituitary desensitisation, which gives a menopause-like state maintained over many months. -
(CERCA), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire D'alfort
Rev. Bras. Reprod. Anim., Belo Horizonte, v.35, n.2, p.210-216, abr./jun. 2011. Disponível em ww.cbra.org.br. The use of GnRH agonists implants in bitches and queens Utilização de implantes de agonistas do GnRH em cadelas e gatas A. Fontbonne1, E. Fontaine Centre d’Etude en Reproduction des Carnivores (CERCA), Alfort Veterinary College, Paris, France. 1Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract GnRH (gonadotrophin releasing hormone) is a key hormone of reproductive function in mammals; agonist forms have been largely developed, and data concerning their use in small animal reproduction are now abundant. GnRH agonists act by a two-step mechanism. First, their agonist properties on the pituitary will cause marked LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) secretion into the bloodstream, accompanied by an increase in the concentrations of sex steroid hormones. Then, in case of constant administration, GnRH agonists will lead to pituitary desensitization, and FSH and LH levels will collapse. These two effects have been widely documented, and these compounds have many potential benefits in a clinical context, capitalizing both on their stimulating and sterilizing effects. Keywords: bitch, deslorelin, GnRH agonists, queen. Resumo O hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH) é um hormônio chave na função reprodutiva dos mamíferos. Formas agonistas têm sido amplamente desenvolvidas e atualmente existem muitas informações sobre sua utilização na reprodução de pequenos animais. Os agonistas do GnRH atuam por meio de um mecanismo que envolve duas etapas. Inicialmente, suas propriedades agonistas irão causar secreção marcante de hormônio luteinizante (LH) e folículo-estimulante (FSH) pela hipófise, acompanhado pelo aumento das concentrações dos hormônios esteróides sexuais.