Newsletter #78 Summer 2014
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Appendix 1 Vernacular Names
Appendix 1 Vernacular Names The vernacular names listed below have been collected from the literature. Few have phonetic spellings. Spelling is not helped by the difficulties of transcribing unwritten languages into European syllables and Roman script. Some languages have several names for the same species. Further complications arise from the various dialects and corruptions within a language, and use of names borrowed from other languages. Where the people are bilingual the person recording the name may fail to check which language it comes from. For example, in northern Sahel where Arabic is the lingua franca, the recorded names, supposedly Arabic, include a number from local languages. Sometimes the same name may be used for several species. For example, kiri is the Susu name for both Adansonia digitata and Drypetes afzelii. There is nothing unusual about such complications. For example, Grigson (1955) cites 52 English synonyms for the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in the British Isles, and also mentions several examples of the same vernacular name applying to different species. Even Theophrastus in c. 300 BC complained that there were three plants called strykhnos, which were edible, soporific or hallucinogenic (Hort 1916). Languages and history are linked and it is hoped that understanding how lan- guages spread will lead to the discovery of the historical origins of some of the vernacular names for the baobab. The classification followed here is that of Gordon (2005) updated and edited by Blench (2005, personal communication). Alternative family names are shown in square brackets, dialects in parenthesis. Superscript Arabic numbers refer to references to the vernacular names; Roman numbers refer to further information in Section 4. -
General View of Malvaceae Juss. S.L. and Taxonomic Revision of Genus Abutilon Mill
JKAU: Sci., Vol. 21 No. 2, pp: 349-363 (2009 A.D. / 1430 A.H.); DOI: 10.4197 / Sci. 21-2.12 General View of Malvaceae Juss. S.L. and Taxonomic Revision of Genus Abutilon Mill. in Saudi Arabia Wafaa Kamal Taia Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Alexandria, Egypt [email protected] Abstract. This works deals with the recent opinions about the new classification of the core Malvales with special reference to the family Malvaceae s.l. and the morphological description and variations in the species of the genus Abutilon Mill. Taxonomical features of the family as shown in the recent classification systems, with full description of the main divisions of the family. Position of Malvaceae s.l. in the different modern taxonomical systems is clarified. General features of the genus Abutilon stated according to the careful examination of the specimens. Taxonomic position of Abutilon in the Malvaceae is given. Artificial key based on vegetative morphological characters is provided. Keywords: Abutilon, Core Malvales, Eumalvaceae, Morpholog, Systematic Position, Taxonomy. General Features of Family Malvaceae According to Heywood[1] and Watson and Dallwitz[2] the plants of the family Malvaceae s.s. are herbs, shrubs or trees with stipulate, simple, non-sheathing alternate or spiral, petiolate leaves usually with palmate vennation (often three principal veins arising from the base of the leaf blade). Plants are hermaphrodite, rarely dioecious or poly-gamo- monoecious with floral nectarines and entomophilous pollination. Flowers are solitary or aggregating in compound cymes, varying in size from small to large, regular or somewhat irregular, cyclic with distinct calyx and corolla. -
The Van Stadens Wildflower Reserve
• The Van Stadens Wildflower Reserve The Van Stadens Wildflower Reserve, about 40 km west of Port Elizabeth, conserves a number of endemic, rare and threatened plants in the Albany Centre of Endemism and serves as an important environmental education centre to local communities in the Nelson Mandela Metropole and outlying regions. by Wesley Berrington, Nelson Mandela Metropole Municipality, Port Elizabeth and Tony Dold, Selmar Schonland Herbarium, Rhodes University, Grahamstown In the 1700s the rather sinister name Galgenbosch (Dutch for 'Gallow's Wood 1 referred to the greater Thornhill area of the Eastem Cape, including the Galgenbosch Hoogte that is now the Van Stadens Berg. Army ensign August Beutler camped at Galgenbosch in 1752, so named because some travellers had cut their names on a tree and someone else had added a gallows above them. Although it remains unclear who Van Staden was, the grassy flats and steep mountains of that name were much admired by early travellers from as early as 1773 when the Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg wrote, 'In the environs of Van Stade's river, were the finest woods I had seen in the whole country.' Many other famous early explorers like Sparrman in 1775, Lichtenstein in 1804, La Trobe in 1816, Moodie in 1820, Backhouse in 1838 and Krauss in 1839 mention Van Stadens TOP: The summit of the Van Stadens Berg looking southwards towards River and the Van Stadens Berg in their writings. In 1838 Sir Jeffrey's Bay. The rush lily, Bobartia macrocarpa in the foreground. Photo: Charles Bunbury, who collected plants at the Cape of Good Hope Tony Oold. -
Species of Madagascar, I. E. Zorithoxylum Mado- Gascoriense
ZANTHOXYLUM 601 stem bark: skimmianine, Y-fagarine, dictam- Iana. Zoritho, cy!urn thouuenotiiis also used in nine, N-benzoyltyramine-methylether and 4- traditional medicine as an antitussive, but it is methoxy-I-methyl-2-quinolinone. The quino- unclear which part of the plant line alkaloid Y-fagarine exhibited the strongest Ecology Zanthoxylum tsihonimposo occurs in-vitro antiplasmodial activity. Decarine, an in dry deciduous forest, up to 400 in altitude. alkaloid isolated from two other Zorithoxylum Genetic resources and breeding Although species of Madagascar, i. e. Zorithoxylum mado- much of the natural forest in the area of distri- gascoriense Baker and Zorithoxylum thouueno- bution of Zanthoxylum tsihonimposo has dis- tit H. Perrier, showed molluscicidal activity appeared or is heavily degraded, the species Is against Biomphulorio platfferi, which is an apparently still common locally, at least trees intermediate hostfor bilharzia parasites of sinaUer sizes. There does not seem to be jin- Botany Deciduous medium-sized tree up to mediate danger of genetic erosion, also because 30 in tall; bole usually straight and cylindrical, Zorithoxy!urn tsihonimposo has a fairly wide up to 100 cm in diameter, with woody, prickle- distribution area bearing protuberances up to 2 cm long but old Prospects There is too little information on trees sometimes lacking these, often with large Zorithoxylum tsihonimposo to judge its pros- and thick, yellowish, corky flakes at base; bark pects as a commercial timber tree under sus- thick, outer bark greyish white to pale brown; tainable exploitation management. However, twigs thick, armed with conical prickles stands of large trees are probably too scarce Leaves alternate, clustered at ends of and inaccessible. -
Savanna Fire and the Origins of the “Underground Forests” of Africa
SAVANNA FIRE AND THE ORIGINS OF THE “UNDERGROUND FORESTS” OF AFRICA Olivier Maurin1, *, T. Jonathan Davies1, 2, *, John E. Burrows3, 4, Barnabas H. Daru1, Kowiyou Yessoufou1, 5, A. Muthama Muasya6, Michelle van der Bank1 and William J. Bond6, 7 1African Centre for DNA Barcoding, Department of Botany & Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524 Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; 2Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Quebec, Canada; 3Buffelskloof Herbarium, P.O. Box 710, Lydenburg, 1120, South Africa; 4Department of Plant Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa; 5Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida campus, Florida 1710, Gauteng, South Africa; 6Department of Biological Sciences and 7South African Environmental Observation Network, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Western Cape, South Africa *These authors contributed equally to the study Author for correspondence: T. Jonathan Davies Tel: +1 514 398 8885 Email: [email protected] Manuscript information: 5272 words (Introduction = 1242 words, Materials and Methods = 1578 words, Results = 548 words, Discussion = 1627 words, Conclusion = 205 words | 6 figures (5 color figures) | 2 Tables | 2 supporting information 1 SUMMARY 1. The origin of fire-adapted lineages is a long-standing question in ecology. Although phylogeny can provide a significant contribution to the ongoing debate, its use has been precluded by the lack of comprehensive DNA data. Here we focus on the ‘underground trees’ (= geoxyles) of southern Africa, one of the most distinctive growth forms characteristic of fire-prone savannas. 2. We placed geoxyles within the most comprehensive dated phylogeny for the regional flora comprising over 1400 woody species. -
Threatened and Rare Ornamental Plants
Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Volume 108, No. 1, 2007, pages 19–39 Threatened and Rare Ornamental Plants K. Khoshbakht ∗1 and K. Hammer 2 Abstract The application of IUCN criteria and Red List Categories was done for ornamental plants. Main sources of the study were Glen’s book, Cultivated Plants of Southern Africa (Glen, 2002) and the Red List of Threatened Plants, IUCN (2001). About 500 threatened ornamental plants could be found and presented in respective lists. Rare ornamental plants with 209 species is the largest group followed by Vulnerable (147), Endangered (92), Indeterminate (37), Extinct (6) and finally Extinct/Endangered groups with 2 species. A weak positive correlation (r = +0.36 ) was found between the number of threatened species and the number of threatened ornamental species within the families. Keywords: ornamental plants, IUCN criteria, red list 1 Introduction Whereas red lists of threatened plants are being highly developed for wild plants and even replaced by green lists (Imboden, 1989) and blue lists (Gigon et al., 2000), ornamental plants still lack similar lists. A statistical summary of threatened crop plant species was published by Hammer (1999) showing that roughly 1000 species of cultivated plants (excluding ornamentals) are threatened (see also Lucas and Synge (1996). An attempt was recently made towards a red list for crop plant species, which presents about 200 threatened cultivated (excluding ornamentals) plants in the IUCN categories (Hammer and Khoshbakht, 2005b). Now an effort is made to include ornamentals. IUCN has defined six categories for threatened plants – Extinct, Extinct/Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare and Indeterminate (see IUCN (2001) for definitions). -
Growing Rare Plants: a Practical Handbook on Propagating the Threatened Plants of Southern Africa
GROWINGGROWING RARERARE PLANTSPLANTS a practical handbook on propagating the threatened plants of southern Africa GROWINGGROWING RARERARE PLANTSPLANTS a practical handbook on propagating the threatened plants of southern Africa by Geoff Nichols with contributions by Mike Bingham, Neville Brown, John and Sandie Burrows, Gareth Chittenden, Neil Crouch, Graham Duncan, Trevor Edwards, Mark Gillmer, Anthony Hitchcock, Isabel Johnson, Alex Manana, Gavin Macdonald, Ian Oliver, Koos Roux, Guy Upfold, Ernst van Jaarsveld, Deon Viljoen, and Werner Voigt Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 36 •2005• Recommended citation format NICHOLS, G. 2005. Growing rare plants: a practical handbook on propagating the threatened plants of southern Africa. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 36. SABONET, Pretoria. Citation of special features and quotations JOHNSON, I. & TARR, B. 2005. Gerbera aurantiaca: The Hilton daisy. In G. Nichols, Growing rare plants: a practical hand- book on propagating the threatened plants of southern Africa. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 36. SABONET, Pretoria. pp. 78–79. Produced and published by Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) c/o South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, 0001, Pretoria and Etwekwini Municipality Parks, Leisure & Cemeteries Department Parks, Recreation & Culture Unit P O Box 3740 Durban 4000 Printed in 2005 in the Republic of South Africa by Capture Press, Pretoria, (27) 12 349-1802 ISBN 1-919976-17-5 © 2005 SABONET. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the permission of the copyright holder. Editor-in-chief: Marthina Mössmer Subeditors: Lidia Gibson, Hanlie van Heerden and Alexis Symonds Text design and layout: Suzanne Olivier, Antworks Layout and Design, Pretoria Cover design: Suzanne Olivier, Antworks Layout and Design Front cover: Back cover: Photo credits: All photographs © 2005 Geoff Nichols, except where noted otherwise in captions. -
BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATION WORKSHOP 1-2 September 2013
CONTENT CONTENT WELCOME MESSAGE ............................................................................................... 1 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE ...................................................................................... 2 GENERAL INFORMATION ....................................................................................... 5 CONFERENCE PROGRAM OVERVIEW ............................................................ 12 KEYNOTE LECTURE ................................................................................................. 16 ORAL PRESENTATION DAY 1: SESSION 1 – 2 ........................................................................................ 19 DAY 2: SESSION 3 – 6 ........................................................................................ 54 DAY 4: SESSION 7 – 9 ........................................................................................ 126 DAY 5: SESSION 10 – 12 .................................................................................... 178 POSTER PRESENTATION ......................................................................................... 217 MISCELLANEOUS ....................................................................................................... 295 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS .......................................................................................... 304 AUTHOR INDEX ........................................................................................................ 329 9th International Flora Malesiana Symposium i WELCOME MESSAGE -
Original Article a Novel Phylogenetic Regionalization of Phytogeographic
1 Article type: Original Article A novel phylogenetic regionalization of phytogeographic zones of southern Africa reveals their hidden evolutionary affinities Barnabas H. Daru1,2,*, Michelle van der Bank1, Olivier Maurin1, Kowiyou Yessoufou1,3, Hanno Schaefer4, Jasper A. Slingsby5,6, and T. Jonathan Davies1,7 1African Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa 2Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa 3Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Florida 1710, South Africa 4Technische Universität München, Plant Biodiversity Research, Emil-Ramann Strasse 2, 85354 Freising, Germany 5Fynbos Node, South African Environmental Observation Network, Private Bag X7, 7735, Rhodes Drive, Newlands, South Africa 6Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa 7Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada *Correspondence: Barnabas H. Daru, Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa. Journal of Biogeography 2 Email: [email protected] Running header: Phylogenetic regionalization of vegetation types Manuscript information: 266 words in the Abstract, 5060 words in manuscript, 78 literature citations, 22 text pages, 4 figures, 1 table, 4 supplemental figures, and 3 supplemental tables. Total word count (inclusive of abstract, text and references) = 7407. Journal of Biogeography 3 Abstract Aim: Whilst existing bioregional classification schemes often consider the compositional affinities within regional biotas, they do not typically incorporate phylogenetic information explicitly. Because phylogeny captures information on the evolutionary history of taxa, it provides a powerful tool for delineating biogeographic boundaries and for establishing relationships among them. -
Country Report Republic of South Africa
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA This country report is prepared as a contribution to the FAO publication, The Report on the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. The content and the structure are in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines given by FAO in the document Guidelines for Preparation of Country Reports for the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources (2010). These guidelines set out recommendations for the objective, scope and structure of the country reports. Countries were requested to consider the current state of knowledge of forest genetic diversity, including: Between and within species diversity List of priority species; their roles and values and importance List of threatened/endangered species Threats, opportunities and challenges for the conservation, use and development of forest genetic resources These reports were submitted to FAO as official government documents. The report is presented on www. fao.org/documents as supportive and contextual information to be used in conjunction with other documentation on world forest genetic resources. The content and the views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the entity submitting the report to FAO. FAO may not be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained in this report. Table of contents Acronyms Executive summary PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO SOUTH AFRICA AND ITS FORESTRY SECTOR 1.1. Location and Administrative Framework 1.2. Physiography 1.3. Climate 1.4 Soils 1.5 Wildlife 1.6 Forests 1.7 Population 1.8 Economy 1.9 Land Use 1.10 Report Background 1.10.1 Purpose of the Report 1.10.2 Report Outline PART 2: Chapter 1: THE CURRENT STATE OF FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES 1.1. -
Toiyma Iata (Psyllidae)
BIBLiOGRAPHiE 701 Cobbinah, JR. & Wagner, MR. , 1995. Phenotypic variation in Millcia excelsa to attack by Phy- toIyma Iata (Psyllidae). Forest Ecology and Management 75(I-3): 147-153. Coinp6re, P. , 1963. The correct name of the Afro-American black mangrove. Taxon 12(4): J50-152 Cond6-Salazar, D. , GUImaraens, D. , Romero, V. & Gonzalez, M. A. , 1987. Allergic contact dermatitis to 010n wood. Contact Dermatitis 16(4): 231-232 Conifer Specialist Group, 1998a. Juniperus bermudiana. In: IUCN. 2006 Red list of threatened species. [Internet] <http://WWW. Iucnredlist. org>. Accessed October 2006 Conifer Specialist Group, 1998b. Widdringtonia whytei. In: IDCN. 2006 Red list of threatened spe- cies. [Internet] <http://WWW. Iucnredlist. org>. Accessed October 2006 Conn, E. E. , Seigler, D. S. , Maslin, B. R. & Dunn, J. , 1989. Cyanogenesis in Acacia subgenus ACUleiferum. Phytochemistry 28(3): 817-820. Coode, M. J. E. , 1979. Burs6rac6es. In: Bosser, J. , Cadet, T. , Junen, H. R. & Marais, W. (Editors) PIOre des Mascareignes. Famines 64-68. The Sugar Industry Research Institute, Mauritius, 1'0ffice de Ia Recherche Scientifique Outre-Mer, Paris, France & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom. 8 pp Coombes, pH. , Mulholland, DA. & Randrjanarjvelojosja, M. , 2005. Mexicanoljde 11monojds from the Madagascan Menaceae Quivisianthe papinae. Phytochemistry 66(10): 1100-1107. Phyto- chemistry 66(Toy 1100-1107. Cooper, GP. & Record, S. J. , 1931. The evergreen forests of Liberia. SchoolofForestry, .Yale Uni- versity, Bulletin 31, New Haven, United States. 153 pp. GOPpen, J. J. W. , 2002. Eucalyptus: the genus Eucalyptus. Medicinal and aromatic plants -Indus- trial profiles, v01. 22. Taylor & Francis, London, United Kingdom. 450 pp. Corbineau, F. , Deftesne, S. -
Extending from the Outenique and Tsitsikama Mountains Of
DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS AND FORESTRY REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SOUTH AFRICAN INDIGENOUS FORESTS An objective classification for the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry Forestwood cc UNIVERSITEIT VAN DIE VRYSTAAT UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE YUNIVESITHI YA FREISTATA Environmentek report ENV-P-C 2003-017 CSIR Pretoria CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SOUTH AFRICAN INDIGENOUS FORESTS An objective classification for the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry Project Manager Graham von Maltitz CSIR Environmentek Pretoria Research Team Prof. Laco Mucina University of the North, QwaQwa Campus Dr Coert Geldenhuys Forestwood cc Prof. Mike Lawes, Dr Harriet Eeley and Dr Hylton Adie Forest Biodiversity Programme University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg Graham von Maltitz, Dineke Vink, Gavin Fleming, and Cathy Bailey CSIR Environmentek Cover Photo: Tom Voster ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This classification has only been possible through the work and data of a large number of forest specialists who have added to the knowledge of indigenous forests in South Africa. The following people and groups are especially thanked: • All the researchers who over the years have collected forest plot data that could now be combined into this classification. They are too many to mention, but are referenced in the appendix to this report. • The Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, firstly for funding the project, and secondly, for making their staff available for commenting on drafts of the document and for being involved in workshops and discussions. • KwaZulu Natal Nature Conservation Services for supplying their updated GIS coverage of forest type and distribution. • To the provincial conservation authorities who have made staff available for this process.