Lu Q, Black SM. J Neurol Neuromed (2016) 1(4): 5-10 Neuromedicine www.jneurology.com www.jneurology.com Journal of Neurology & Neuromedicine Mini Review Open Access Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Apoptotic and Non- Apoptotic Cell Death Qing Lu, Stephen M. Black Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, AZ USA ABSTRACT Article Info Article Notes The neuronal cell death associated with perinatal asphyxia, or hypoxic- Received: June 04, 2016 ischemic (HI) brain injury, plays an important role in neonatal mortality and Accepted: July 05, 2016 neurodevelopment retardation. The types of cell death associated with HI in the brain have been classified as being either apoptotic or necrotic. Here *Correspondence: we describe the recent discoveries of multiple non-apoptotic cell death Dr. Stephen M Black, PhD Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, pathways: necroptosis; ferroptosis; and autosis (autophagy). These new cell Department of Medicine, death pathways expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA cell death associated with perinatal asphyxia. By targeting specific regulators Email:
[email protected] of these pathways, new therapies may be developed that could protect the neonatal brain from the HI mediated injury. © 2016 Black SM. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Introduction The neuronal cell death associated with neonatal hypoxic- ischemic (HI) brain injury is one of the major causes of neonatal mortality and neurodevelopment retardation. The mortality of and lifelong disabilities, such as cerebral palsy, seizures, visual impairment,HI brain injury mental is retardation,30-40%.