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CALL FOR PAPERS Africa Open Submissions on any aspect Decolonization Submissions due 15 July 2021 For further enquiries, please contact the editor, Ronit Frenkel at [email protected] #ujlibrary @ujlibrary CONTENTS In This Issue The Necessary Accidental 4 By Ashraf Jamal I (Don’t) See You: Absence, Omissions, and Spectrality in the Works of Ishtiyaq Shukri By Iqra Raza 13 Entrepreneurship Development Among Black Youths in South Africa: A Choice or Neccesity? 22 Peer Review Peer By Thulani Andrew Chauke ‘What’s Your Story?’ Building Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion 32 By By Candice Harrison-Train, Carmel Marock, and Sally Field Global, Continental, and Regional Development Agendas – What Does It Mean to Domesticate or Localise These? 37 By Lusanda Batala The Dilemma of Vulnerable Groups During Lockdown: Implications for Social Work Education and Practice in Ghana 43 By John Boulard Forkuor, Charles Selorm Deku, and Eric Agyemang For Engineering to Champion Future Industrial Revolutions, It Must Look to the Past 48 By Edward Chikuni A Critical Review of the Roles and Functions of Traditional Leaders 53 By Gladys Nkareng Klaas-Makolomakwe and Tanusha Raniga Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) In Africa: Challenges and Prospects 61 By Kennedy Mahlatsi Opinion Book Interview: Post-Apartheid Same-Sex Sexualities: Restless Identities in Literary and Visual Culture, by Andy Carolin 70 By Leila Hall New Book: Ideas and Actionable Steps for Scaling Africa’s Blue Economy Strategy 76 Books By Francis Onditi, Douglas Yates, and Narnia Bohler-Muller Volume 86 / 2021 NOTE FROM THE EDITOR he University of Johannesburg acquired The Thinker in April 2019 from Dr Essop Pahad. Over the last decade, The Thinker has Tgained a reputation as a journal that explores Pan-African issues across fields and times. Ronit Frenkel, as the incoming editor, plans on maintaining the pan-African scope of the journal while increasing its coverage into fields such as books, art, literature and popular cultures. The Thinker is a ‘hybrid’ journal, publishing both journalistic pieces with more academic articles and contributors can now opt to have their submissions peer reviewed. We welcome Africa-centred articles from diverse perspectives, in order to enrich both knowledge of the continent Prof Ronit Frenkel and of issues impacting the continent. CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION - All contributing analysts write in their personal capacity Narnia Bohler-Muller is Professor of Law and the from the University of Venda. He is a peer reviewer for Executive Director of the Developmental, Capable and eight accredited journals and holds membership for Ethical State (DCES), Human Sciences Research Council various academic associations. His research interest (HSRC), South Africa.She is also Adjunct Professor at the includes youth deviant behaviour, school violence, Nelson R Mandela School of Law, University of Fort Hare youth work, positive youth development, and youth and a Research Fellow at the Centre for Gender and Africa entrepreneurship. Thulani has published 14 articles in Studies at the University of the Free State. Previously, DoHET accredited journals and author of the Vusiwana she was Professor of Law at Vista University and Nelson Va Hleka book. He has a vast of experience in project Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) before management ranging from local government, electoral joining Africa Institute of South Africa (AISA) as research democracy, investment, and youth service. His day-to- director of social sciences in 2011. Prof. Bohler-Muller has day job is to help all three spheres of government, private over 100 peer reviewed publications and has co-edited sector, civil society, and institutions of higher learning to five books on gender violence; human trafficking, the deliver their youth development intervention through dynamic of BRICS, the evolution of the Constitution the National Youth Service Model. and the Blue Economy. She is an admitted Advocate of the High Court of the Republic of South Africa. Edward Chikuni is a Professor in the Faculty of Engineering, and Technology at Botho University, Andy Carolin a senior lecturer in the Faculty of Gaborone, Botswana. His area of expertise is Education at the University of Johannesburg. He holds Engineering Education as well as Energy and Power a PhD in English literature and has received a Y-rating Systems. He has a BEng (First Division) Electrical from the National Research Foundation (NRF). He is the Engineering from the University of Sierra Leone, author of Post-Apartheid Same-Sex Sexualities: Restless an MSc in Electrical Power Engineering from the Identities in Literary and Visual Culture (Routledge 2021). University of Manchester (UMIST) and a PhD (Electrical His research focuses broadly on race, gender, sexuality Engineering) from the University of Wales. His over 20 and history in South African literary and cultural studies. years of academic experience has included teaching major Universities in Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Thulani Andrew Chauke a youth development Africa. He has over 25 years’ industrial experience practitioner by profession is a National Youth acquired during his tenure of senior positions in the Service: Provincial Coordinator at the National Youth Railways and major private sector industries. Prof. Development Agency, Western Cape Province, South Chikuni is registered as a Professional Engineer in the Africa. He holds a Doctorate Degree in Education from United Kingdom, Botswana, Zimbabwe and South the Tshwane University of Technology, a Master of Arts Africa. He is also a Certified Measurement & in Youth Development degree with Cum Laude, and Verification Professional (CMVP). His consulting a Bachelor of Arts in Youth in Development degree experience has included assignments funded by THE THINKER CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION World Bank and Regulatory Authorities in Zimbabwe. Ashraf Jamal is a Research Associate in the Visual He has published two books, two patents and over Identities in Art and Design Research Centre, 60 scientific articles in refereed Conferences and University of Johannesburg. He is the co-author, with Journals. His current Research is the development Sue Williamson, of Art in South Africa: The Future of Electric Vehicles to meet local and regional needs. Present and co-editor of Indian Ocean Studies: Cultural, Social, and Political Perspectives. Jamal is Sally Field is a researcher at the University of Cape also the author of Predicaments of Culture in South Town. She has an MA focussing on participatory Africa, Love themes for the wilderness, The Shades, In practices for development. She authored a distance the World: Essays on Contemporary South African Art, learning book on maternal mental health for health and Strange Cargo: Essays on Art (forthcoming). and social workers and has published book chapters and journal articles related to service development, Lehlohonolo Kennedy Mahlatsi holds a PhD screening tools and provider training for maternal degree in Public Management and Governance mental health, as well risk factors for maternal from North-West University (Vaal Campus). His Mini- mental illness in low-resource settings. She works Dissertation from the same institution evaluates the as a consultant to Singizi and was involved in the Developmental Role of Local Government in fighting Heartlines “What’s Your Story?” evaluation. poverty in the Free State. His dissertation explores the developmental Mandate of District Municipalities in John Boulard Forkuor is a lecturer at the the Free State in promoting environmental rights. He Department of Sociology and Social Work, KNUST. also holds B. Iuris and LLB from the University of the He teaches social work at the undergraduate Western Cape. He has published dozens of newspaper level and qualitative research methods at both articles and columns. He has extensive experience the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. His in public service, especially in local government. He research focuses on transformation in urban areas was the former Municipal Manager of Metsimaholo and its implication for urban social life. The urban Local Municipality and he is also accredited facilitator street as an important space for urban actors (street with the South African Local Government Association beggars; street children and street hawkers) has also (SALGA). He has interest in the Working Class been a focus of his research. His research interest also Heritage and he is involved in the campaign for the include the provision of social welfare for vulnerable recognition of Coalbrook Mine Disaster as National groups in urban areas, especially for the vulnerable Heritage Site. He is a founder member of the Zamdela aged and for persons living with intellectual Youth Congress (ZAYCO) and he is currently Provincial disabilities. His publications have appeared in Executive Committee (PEC) Member of the South journals like Journal of Contemporary African African Communist Party (SACP) in the Free State. Studies; Urban Forum; Urban Review; Sage Open; Gender Studies and Qualitative Social Work. For his Francis Onditi, D.Phil., heads the School of career development, his aim is to conduct research International Relations and Diplomacy, Riara that will have implications for social work practice University, Kenya. He was recently enlisted as professor and social service delivery in Ghana and in Africa. of research and distinguished author at the Institute of Intelligent Systems, University of Johannesburg, Candice Harrison-Train