PEOPLE OF EMMET COUNTY, PAST AND PRESENT L History of Petoskey and Little Traverse Bay 1, Petoskey, Emmet County 2,Railroad-Hotel era 3. People in Petoskey's History-1895 4.The Petoskey Midway 5. The railroad depot II. American Indians 1. Odawa of L' Arbre Croche 2. Ignatius Petoskey 3. Andrew Blackbird 4. Naming of GoodHart & establishing a post office there III. White settlers 1. Andrew Porter, Ingalls, Jarman families, Stone family] IV. Hiram Rose V.Bay View, John M. Hall Vl. Dr. Little, Pailthorp, Wescott/Gifford, Connable, Chrysler families 2. Philip B. Wachtel VII. Colonel Bogardus, Pellston Ephaim Shay, Harbor Springs Ethel Rowan Fasq uelle VIII. Authors- Ernest Hemingway, Bruce Catton IX./ Murphy family - Depression ) ~ ,....___ X. George Rice, John Foley, Stanley Kellogg ) ~ % / XlllFamous folks - Rex Beach, Don Quinn, ~ ofland until 1875 when others could homestead. By April 15 of that year, 800 homestead History of Petoskey and applications were received. Life was hard for these early settlers who were called "mossbacks" Little Traverse Bay because they used moss to cover the entrances of the holes they dug for temporary shelters. Many In the beginning were so poor they had to use flour sacks for clothes. Two hundred years ago the only residents of the Little Traverse Bay area of Michigan were bands In June of 1873, H. 0. Rose, Dr. William Little, of American Indians summering near the and his brother R H. Little traveled to the area sparkling lake waters or traveling in canoes by boat from Traverse City, and the north or south. In 1787, an Indian baby was development of the town east of the Bear River born in this region and named Neyas Petosega began. H.O. Rose, an entrepreneur, integrated or "Rising Sun." He grew up in a settlement successfully into the Indian village, opened a northwest of Little Traverse (now Harbor store with Chief Petoskey, operated a lime Springs), married, and fathered many children. quarry on the Bay, and became an extensive In time, because of a disagreement with his wife landowner through purchases from the Indians. about the religion and education of their He was elected the first president of the village children, he and his sons moved south across the and was knm:vn as its "white father." Dr. Bay to the mouth of the Bear River where they William Little built the first hotel, named the settled and eventually acquired most of the land Rose in honor of his friend. He was also now occupied by Petoskey. Early Petoskey was appointed postmaster in 1873. The town was named Bear River for the stream, 12 miles long, renamed Petoskey for Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga in which cascades 100 ft. in height from its source, · 1873, and the first train arrived the same year. Walloon Lake, to the Bay. The river was to Mrs. Rachel Alley arrived in town in the fall of become a source of power and a conduit for 1874 and was hired to teach the first public delivering logs to waiting transport. Little school in Petoskey. By 1875 there were 150 Traverse Bay itself extends 9 miles east and west white people living in the town. and measures 6 miles at its widest. Logs, Trains, Passengers, and Pigeons First white settlers The invention of the Shay locomotive facilitated In 1852 Andrew Porter, a Pennsylvania farmer, logging operations, and in 1876 the McManus was the first white man to settle in Petoskey. He Lumber Company began operations. The first had been sent by the Presbyterian Board of newspapers were published in 1875 (Emmet Foreign Missions to establish a school for Native County Democrat) and 1878 ( Petoskey City Americans. The second white family to move Record). The first railroad reached Petoskey in there was that of Hazen Ingalls. He and his wife 1873, and the summer resort trade replaced fur and children moved to Bear Creek from trading and logging. In 1877 the passenger Leelenau County in 1866. pigeon in incredible numbers migrated to the area and the trappers soon followed. Large Although there were several early settlers, shipments of pigeons were made via steamships immigration into the area was slowed by Indian to the restaurants in cities of the Great Lakes. treaties and the Homestead Act. Factors The nesting habits of the bird made them easy to encouraging settlement were the logging trap, and they were soon extinct. The last industry, the arrival of trains, and the passenger pigeon, named Martha, died desirability of the area for summer resorters. September 1, 1914, in Cincinnati. Pre-1880 industries included the H.O. Rose Lime Kiln Treaties between the Federal Government and (corner of Howard and Rose), the W. L. the Chippewa and Ottawa Indians (1836, 1851, McManus Saw Mill (Bridge and Porter) and 1855) gave the Indians the opportunity to stay in Forbes and Baker Woodenware Factory (South the area instead of moving west of the Mitchell St. dam, bridge). Mississippi River and offered them first choice Spas and Hotels Petoskey grows By 1880, the area had also became known as a By 1882 Petoskey had grown from a wilderness health spa with healing artesian wells and relief to a population of 2500. In 1895 Petoskey was from hay fever. One of Petoskey's chief incorporated as a city »ith a population of36C0. attractions still is the mineral well on Lake In 1902 it became the Emmet Cotmty seat. Street. Hundreds of people filled their bottles and jugs daily and drank its health-giving Retail clothing shops d!evelo p waters. These attractions inspired the building of many elegant resort hotels in the late 1800's Early in its development, Petoskey becan1e an:l early l900's, particularly the Arlington, fan1ous for its specialty shops, open only in CWlhman, Imperial, and Perry. They were summer and catering to the resort trade. Prior inhabited by visitors who poured into town by to the turn of the century, the "lvlidway," rail. Only the Perry Hotel operates today. The running down to the city dock, supportec a others burned or were torn down. raffish group of stores dealing in fish, In::liar, artifacts, Petoskey stones, and souvenirs of all Many of the resort areas which developed kinds. Later, after 1900, I.M. (Ike) Reinhertz around the Bay were originally the sites of becmne the founder of the exclusive swnmer Indian encmnpmenls, including places like clothing shops for which Petoskey became Harbor Point, Wequetonsing, Roaring Brook, noted, mid by the 1920's was furnishing Paris Menonaqua, and Bay View. originals to the many ,:veal thy visitors and resorters who had establislied themselves in the Bay View resort communities dmting Little Traverse Bay. The next several decades smv further Bay View is significant because_it survives today development of the summer reson trade with as a cultural and religious mecca, its late 1800's many shops establishing '\\'inter outposts in charm intact_ open from May 1 ·to October 31 Ft.Lauderd2.le, Naples, Te_'Ilpe, and San Diego. each ye~r•. Founded in 1375 by the Methodists, it was named Bay View in 1877. Adjacent to Other industries develop Petoskey, but independent, Bay View grew from a tented community to as assembly of permanent By the 1930's, the Burns Clinic mtd Lockwood homes, each with a view of the Bay. It covers Hospital had been established. A hydoelcctric 330 acres with 24 public buildings and 430 plant, powered by the Bear River, was built at cottages, most built before 1900. Two of its the Mitchell St. Dmn. The Mitchell Street early hotels still operate, the Terrace Inn mid the bridge was renovated to a concrete structure. Bay View Inn, as well as two bed mid breakfasts. and the city bathing beach land was acquired. · the Florence and the Gingerbread House. By the 1950's railroad uayel was dwindling, the use of the automobile v,-as booming, and Everett Bay View's early programs were a part of the Kircher was developing large-scale skiing. Chautaqua movement and were modeled upon Petoskey's reputation for upscale shopping was those at Chautaqua, N. Y., Martha's Vineyard, enhanced by the Gaslight Association Mass., and Ocean Grove, N.J. Over the years development of the 1960's. many famous people of diverse views lectured at Bay View's Chautaqua assemblies including Petoskey today Willimn Jennings Bryan, Jacob Riis, Anthony Comstock, Booker T. Washington, Helen Keller, Presently, Pemskey's largest employer ~s and Margaret Sanger. Today, Bay View offers a Northern Michigan Hospital and the Burns summer university with classes, lect:w-es, and Clinic, a regional medical center. In addition, concerts. Bay View is listed on the National visitors still converge 011 the cJiea for year-row1d­ Register of Historic Places. recreation, scenic beautf, ,md restfui rela,ation. Its population ranges from arowid 6.000 rn 16,000, depending on the season. People of Emmet County Emmet County was originally inhabited by Native Americans of the Algonquin tribes. In I 840, Ignatius Petoskey, or "Chief' Petoskey as he was respectfully called, moved from Little Traverse (Harbor Springs) to the mouth of the Bear River across the Bay with most of his family, where they stayed. Meanwhile, Andrew .J. Blackbird of Little Traverse (1820-1908) was fighting to obtain citizenship for American Indians in order to avoid a treaty-ordered move to the West. In 1852, Andrew Porter, a Presbyterian missionary, arrived in Bear River to establish a Mission Farm. The second white settler was Hazen Ingalls, who opened a store and built a dock. His sons and subsequent streets were nmed for U.S. presidents like Jefferson, Washington, Monroe, and Jackson.