The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, Ed.; Dorothy Twohig, Assoc
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The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville The Diaries of GEORGE WASHINGTON Volume II 1766–70 ASSISTANT EDITORS Beverly H. Runge, Frederick Hall Schmidt, and Philander D. Chase George H. Reese, CONSULTING EDITOR Joan Paterson Kerr, PICTURE EDITOR THE DIARIES OF GEORGE WASHINGTON VOLUME II 1766–70 DONALD JACKSON, EDITOR DOROTHY TWOHIG, ASSOCIATE EDITOR UNIVERSITY PRESS OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE This edition has been prepared by the staff of The Papers of George Washington, sponsored by The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union and the University of Virginia. THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF VIRGINIA Copyright © 1976 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia First published 1976 Frontispiece: Martha Washington, by John Wollaston. (Washington and Lee University, Washington-Custis-Lee Collection) Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Washington, George, Pres. U.S., 1732–1799. The diaries of George Washington. The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 Bibliography: p. 341 Includes index. 1. Washington, George, Pres. U.S., 1732–1799. I. Jackson, Donald Dean, 1919- II. Twohig, Dorothy. III. Title. E312.8 1976 9734'1'0924 [B] 75-41365 ISBN 0—8139—0688-1 (v. 2) Printed in the United States of America Administrative Board David A. Shannon, Chairman Mrs. Thomas Turner Cooke W. Walker Cowen Advisory Committee John R. Alden C. Waller Barrett Francis L. Berkeley, Jr. Julian P. Boyd Comte René de Chambrun James Thomas Flexner Merrill Jensen Wilmarth S. Lewis Lewis A. McMurran, Jr. The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 John O. Marsh, Jr. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. L. Quincy Mumford Merrill D. Peterson Saunders Redding James B. Rhoads Stephen T. Riley James Thorpe Lawrence W. Towner Nicholas B. Wainwright John A. Washington, M.D. Esmond Wright Contents Acknowledgments xiii Editorial Procedures and Symbols xv The Diaries for 1766–70 Sowing & Harvesting, 1766 1 Mostly the Weather, 1767 9 “Where & How my Time is Spent,” 1768 30 Vestryman, Fox Hunter, Country Squire, 1769 119 The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 A New Mill and a Journey to the Ohio, 1770 207 Repository Symbols 339 Bibliography 341 Index 357 Illustrations Martha Washington Frontispiece Washington's map of River Farm on Little Hunting Creek 3 Movable sheepfold 12 Plows from Tull's Husbandry 22 Survey showing division of Spencer-Washington grant 33 “A Hunting Piece,” print hanging at Mount Vernon 40 Custis family coat of arms 47 Peyton Randolph 59 Elizabeth Harrison Randolph 59 Bruton Parish Church 60 Hannah Bushrod Washington 62 John Augustine Washington 62 Barnsfield 65 Jonathan Boucher 70 Dr. Arthur Lee 75 The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 George Digges 75 “The Earthing of the Fox,” print owned by Washington 85 Ignatius Digges 86 Mary Carroll Digges 86 Ox cart 91 Maj. Robert Fairfax 93 Henry Lee of Leesylvania 95 Ayscough's tavern advertisement 107 John Robinson 108 Dr. Hugh Mercer 122 Col. and Mrs. Fielding Lewis 127 Plat of George Carter's land 135 Engraving of Williamsburg public buildings 147 Robert Carter of Nomini Hall 149 George Wythe 150 Ralph Wormeley of Rosegill 158 Vaughan's plan of Warm Springs 174 Suggested window treatments from British Carpenter 187 Washington's copy of Robert Beverley's History of Virginia 196 “The Going Out,” print owned by Washington 208 xii The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 Detail of map of Mount Vernon neighborhood 220 Plan of Dumfries 237 Plan of Williamsburg 240 Playbill for The Beggar's Opera 248 Col. Burwell Bassett 250 Samuel Washington 268 Charles Washington 268 Fishing print from The Sportsman's Dictionary 270 Washington's herring account 273 Dr. James Craik 277 Washington with slave, Billy Lee 279 Sketch of Youghiogheny River and falls 281 Plan of Fort Pitt 291 Detail of western country from Fry-Jefferson map, 1751 300 View of a mill house 330 xiii Acknowledgments The editors' first obligation is to the sponsors and agencies whose financial support and enthusiastic backing made our work possible. The cosponsors of The Papers of George Washington are the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union and the University of Virginia. Our principal governmental support has come from the National Endowment for the Humanities, with strong additional funding from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission. An annual grant from the William Stamps Farish Fund has been most appreciated. The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 Of the many colleagues at the University of Virginia who assisted in the formation and encouragement of The Papers of George Washington, the editors are particularly indebted to former president of the University, Edgar F. Shannon, Jr., and his special assistant Francis L. Berkeley, Jr. All the many others who gave us assistance with the countless details of planning, financing, and day- to-day operation are perhaps best represented by one person, Charles L. Flanders of the Office of the Associate Provost for Research at the University of Virginia. We are grateful for the interest and encouragement of the Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union, and of her predecessor, the late Mrs. Francis F. Bierne. The editors also owe a debt of gratitude to the Mount Vernon staff, especially Charles C. Wall, resident director; John A. Castellani, librarian; Frank E. Morse, librarian emeritus; Robert B. Fisher, horticulturist, and Christine Meadows, curator. For assistance in research on Washington's diaries, we would like to thank the staff of the Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, the research staff of the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, and members of the Virginia Division of Parks. The Alderman Library at the University of Virginia has housed our editorial offices and its staff has graciously and efficiently performed all the library services essential to an editorial project. The reproduction of Washington's diaries in these volumes has xiv been made possible by the cooperation of the following repositories and individuals who own the original manuscript material: the Library of Congress, Columbia University Libraries, the Detroit Public Library, Mount Vernon, John K. Paulding, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Public Record Office, London. Our typographic consultant for general design is P. J. Conkwright, of Princeton, N.J. The editors acknowledge with appreciation the industry and competence of the following members of the research and clerical staff who over a period of several years were directly involved in the laborious task of transcribing and checking the Washington diaries: Lynne Crane, Dana K. Levy, Patricia Waddell, Corinne Poole, Jessie Shelar, Kathleen Howard, Patricia De Berry, Roger Lund, Barbara Morris, Cynthia S. Miller, Christine Hughes, Nancy Morris, and Karen Whitehill. xv Editorial Procedures and Symbols The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 2. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd02 Transcription of the diaries has remained as faithful as possible to the original manuscript. Because of the nature of GW's diary entries, absolute consistency in punctuation has been virtually impossible. Where feasible, the punctuation has generally been retained as written. However, in cases where sentences are separated by dashes, a common device in the eighteenth century, the dash has been changed to a period and the following word capitalized. Dashes which appear after periods have been dropped. Periods have been inserted at points which are clearly the ends of sentences. In many of the diaries, particularly those dealing with planting and the weather, entries consist of phrases separated by dashes rather than sentences. Generally if the phrase appears to stand alone, a period has been substituted for the dash. Spelling of all words is retained as it appears in manuscript. Errors in spelling of geographic locations and proper names have been corrected in notes or in brackets only if the spelling in the text makes the word incomprehensible. Washington occasionally, especially in the diaries, placed above an incorrectly written word a symbol sometimes resembling a tilde, sometimes an infinity sign, to indicate an error in orthography. When this device is used the editors have silently corrected the word. The ampersand has been retained. The thorn has been transcribed as “th.” The symbol for per has been written out. When a tilde is used to indicate either a double letter or missing letters, the correction has been made silently or the word has been transcribed as an abbreviation. Capitalization is retained as it appears in the manuscript; if the writer's intention is not clear, modern usage is followed. Contractions and abbreviations are retained as written; a period is inserted after abbreviations. When an apostrophe has been used in contractions it is retained. Superscripts have been lowered, xvi and if the word is an abbreviation a period has been added. When the meaning of an abbreviation is not obvious, it has been expanded in square brackets: H[unting] C[reek]; so[uther]ly. Other editorial insertions or corrections in the text also appear in square brackets.