A Description of Figurative Language Found In

Home , Call You Mine, Christina Perri, Head or Heart, Jar of Hearts

A DESCRIPTION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FOUND IN

CHRISTINA PERRI’S LYRICS OF SONG

A PAPER

EDWARD TAN PINDONTA SURBAKTI

REG. NO. 162202038

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

2019

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am EDWARD TAN PINDONTA SURBAKTI, declare that I the sole author of this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

Signed :……………………….

Date : Tuesday, July 2019

Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : EDWARD TAN PINDONTA SURBAKTI

Title of Paper : A Description of figurative language found in Cristina

Perri Lyrics of song

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya

Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Librarian of the Diploma III English Faculty of Cultural Study University of Sumatera Utara the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.

Signed :……………………..

Date : Tuesday, July2019

Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT

This paper has the title "Description of the Figurative Language found in the lyrics of the song Cristina Perri" This discusses the type of figurative language contained in some of the lyrics of the song Cristina Perri. The purpose of this paper is to know the type of figurative language and to find out the meaning of figurative language in the lyrics of the song Cristina Perri. In writing this paper, the authors conducted library research methods, collecting data and information from several books and the internet. The author collects figurative language from Cristina Perri's song lyrics, chooses figurative language in song lyrics, identifies lyrics that are included in figurative language by making them underlined, classifies data (Cristina Perri's song lyrics) into several types of figurative language, classifies figurative languages and then interpret figuratively. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors found 36 uses of figurative language which consisted of hyperbole 12 forms, rhetorical 11 forms, repetition of 10 forms, personification 1 form, paradox 1 form, parallelism 1 form. The analysis also shows that hyperbole, rhetoric and repetition are the most figurative languages that appear in Cristina Perri's lyrics.

Keywords: Hyperbole, Rhetoric, Personification, Parallelism, Christina Perri,

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Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK

Makalah ini memiliki judul "Deskripsi Bahasa Figuratif yang ditemukan dalam lirik lagu Cristina Perri" Ini membahas jenis bahasa kiasan yang terkandung dalam beberapa lirik lagu Cristina Perri. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis bahasa kiasan dan untuk mengetahui makna bahasa kiasan dalam lirik lagu Cristina Perri. Dalam penulisan makalah ini, penulis melakukan metode penelitian kepustakaan, mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari beberapa buku dan internet. Penulis mengumpulkan bahasa kiasan dari lirik lagu Cristina Perri, memilih bahasa kiasan dalam lirik lagu, mengidentifikasi lirik yang termasuk dalam bahasa kiasan dengan membuatnya digarisbawahi, mengklasifikasikan data (lirik lagu Cristina Perri) menjadi beberapa jenis bahasa kiasan, mengklasifikasikan bahasa kiasan dan lalu tafsirkan secara kiasan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penulis menemukan 36 penggunaan bahasa kiasan yang terdiri dari bentuk hiperbola 12, bentuk retoris 11, pengulangan 10 bentuk, bentuk personifikasi 1, bentuk paradox 1, bentuk paralelisme 1. Analisis ini juga menunjukkan bahwa hiperbola, retorika, dan pengulangan adalah bahasa yang paling kiasan yang muncul dalam lirik Cristina Perri.

Kata kunci: Hyperbola, Rhetoric, Personifikasi, paradox, Cristina Perri’s

Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First, I would like to Thank to God, who gives me health, strength, and capability to finish this paper as my last assignment to finish my study at English

Diploma III Department, University of North Sumatera. Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, and appreciation to:

1. Thank you to Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural

Studies, University of Sumatera Utara.

2. Thank you to Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis, M.Hum, As the head of

Diploma III English Study Program and as my lecturer, who gives me a lot

of knowledge during in English Department.

3. Thank you to Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum, as my Supervisior and as

my lecturer. I give my appreciation to you sir, for giving me knowledge

and supporting me as your student. I am thankful for your precious time in

directing, teaching, and inspiring me to complete this paper.

4. I also wish Thank you all the Lectures in English Diploma Study Program

for giving me knowledge and experience that they have shared for me.

5. And then I want to thank my beloved family especially to my beloved

parents, Ramli Tan Jaya Surbakti, and Sariah Br Tarigan. Thank you

for all your motivations, suggestions, prayers and love. I present this paper

and this graduate for both of you are.

6. Thank you to my beloved sister Oktaviani Tania br Surbakti, S.Ak. I

am truly grateful for your support, prayer and love. made me laugh and

make fun of me working on this paper.

Universitas Sumatera Utara 7. Thanks to my beloved aunt Binaria br Tarigan, Samaria br Tarigan

S.T, and my beloved uncle Bripka Joni Ginting, Joni Tarigan, Amd.

which makes me motivated and supports me working on this paper.

8. I want to thank all my friends in the 2016 Diploma III / SOLIDAS

English Study Program. Thank you for your support that helped me

complete this paper. I will miss you all.

9. Thank you, my dearest friend in English Diploma 2016. Gratia

Hutabarat, Rosa Meycosta, Dhini Khairuna, and Junan Jeremia

Ginting and all my friend those I cannot mention them one by one. Thank

you for the time that we have spent together. It will be memories that I

cannot forget for a long time.

10. I would like to thank my dear friends Agave Tuahta Sembiring, Brisnip

Damenta Sinuraya, Eva enzelia, Jewel Sitepu, Roy Pranata Keliat,

Windy Winestry, Bali Adventri Tarigan, Kharlin Aprianda

Gurusinga and alumnus SMA METHODIST-AN Pancur Batu High

School. Thank you for supporting me.

11. I want to thank my best friend Tribuana Tarigan, Edi Syahputra

Manullang and OMK Saint Paul. Thank you for supporting me.

12. Thanks to all my friends in English Diploma III, all seniors, all my

junior, and SOLIDAS organization. Thank for being a part of story of my

student life. I hope SOLIDAS will be greater than before. Please give

moving forward and find innovation in improve our beloved department.

Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan, 23 July 2019

The Writer,

EDWARD TAN P. SURBAKTI Reg. No 162202038

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Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION…………………………………………………..i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION……………………………………………….ii ABSTRACT .…………………………………………………………………….iii ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………………….iv ACKNOWLEGEMENTS……………………………………………………….v TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………...... viii 1. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………..1 1. 1 Background of the Study…………………………………………...... 1 1. 2 The Problem of the Study…………………………………………………4 1. 3 The Objective of the Study………………………………………………..4 1. 4 The Scope of the Study……………………………………………………4 1. 5 The Significance of the Study……………………………………………..5 1. 6 The Method of the Study………………………………………………….5

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ………………………………....7 2. 1 Song………………………………………………………………………..7 2. 2 Lyrics………………………………………………………………………7 2. 3 Figurative of Language……………………………………………………8 2.3.1 Simile...…………………………………………………………………....9 2.3.2. Metaphor…………………………………………………………………10 2.3.3. Hyperbole………………………………………………………………...10 2.3.4. Personification…………………………………………………………....11 2.3.5. Symbol…………………………………………………………………...11 2.3.6. Synecdoche………………………………………………………………12 2.3.7. Repetition………………………………………………………………...12 2.3.8. Irony…………...…………………………………………………………13 2.3.9. Rhetoric…………………………………………………………………..13

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Universitas Sumatera Utara 2.3.10 Parallelism……..…………………………………………………………14 3. THE DESCRIPTION 3. 1 The meaning of figure of speech……………………………………….15 3.1.1 Hyperbole………………………………………………………………...15 3.1.2. Rhetoric.………………………………………………………………… 17 3.1.3. Repetition……...…………………………………………………………19 3.1.4. Personification……………………………………………………………21 3.1.5. Paradox……...…………………………………………………………....22 3.1.6. Parallelism………………………………………………………………..22 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION….……………………………….....24 4.1 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………24 4.2 Suggestion……………………………………………………………………25 REFERENCE…..……………………………………………………………….26 APPENDICES A. Biography of Cristina Perri‟s B. The 5 lyrics of Cristina Perri‟s

Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER I

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Language as a means of communication. Language is one of essential parts of our life. It is apparently needed. Language is the one of tool to communicate with others. Language is a way to communicate with others; it cannot be replaced by anything. In this world, especially in our daily life, we need communication with others because we are as a social being. We need communication also to fulfill the necessities of our life. Beside language as a means of communication, language also works in some parts of our life.

In daily activities, many people often use the language to enjoy the music by listening it. They enjoy the music to look for meaning of language from its lyrics or to lose their bored. According to the Oxford Advanced 2 Dictionary, music using the arrangement of sounds in a pleasing sequence or combination to be sung or played on instrument.

Language is very important used in a song. In this case, the lyrics of song are categorized as poetry. So, when people listen to song, its means that they enjoy the literature. Thus, it can be said that song is a kind of poetry and poetry belongs to literature. People can also understand the meaning of every word of song or poetry from literature. With literature, people can write a novel and poems or making lyric of song. When many people feel sad, boring, uneasy, and worried, they like listening to music or singing a song because music can illustrate feeling, emotion, and imagination. Thus, when someone listen to the music, they will feel

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enjoy, relax, and happy. Moreover, they will give appreciation if they can understand and absorb every meaning of word from songs which they listen.

When many people feel sad, boring, uneasy, and worried, they like listening to music or singing a song because music can illustrate feeling, emotion, and imagination. Thus, when someone listen to the music, they will feel enjoy, relax, and happy. Moreover, they will give appreciation if they can understand and absorb every meaning of word from songs which they listen

Some literatures use figurative language to make it more interesting and more beautiful, as it is used in a song‟s lyric. According to Henry Guntur Tarigan

(1985:179) figurative language is language that is used imaginatively and not literary. Therefore, to understand it, people have to think deeper. Figurative language is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense. Appealing to the imagination, figurative language provides new ways of looking at the new world.

It always makes the use of a comparison between different things. On the other hand, lyric are some informative literatures that give information with literal meaning. But, the most people find difficulty when studying or reading some lyric. Any difficult vocabulary in the lyric is either explained or given special attention. To understand the lyrics, it is important to know and find the meaning, message and figurative language used in lyric of song. Figurative language is not making the lyric of song confusing, but to make it clear. After the researcher read the lyric more than once she is believed that there are many figurative languages found on Christina Perri‟s lyrics of song.

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Christina Perri is a young singer. She starts to sing and play guitar in 16 years old and in 21 years old she is composing her first song that is “Jar of Heart”.

Her first song selling until 3 million copies, while the song “A Thousand Years” sell until over 4 million copies. The songs of Christina Perri of her real life and it is a high imaginative so can produced interest songs. Moreover, the songs of

Christina Perri also became soundtrack on film “The Twilight Saga: Breaking

Dawn – Part 1”. Christina Perri has two albums, the first album is “Love strong” and the second album is “Head or Heart”. The song of Christina Perri there are 25 songs from two albums. Practically, figurative language is used not only in the poem and poetry but also in the song constructed in its lyrics. People can a found figurative language not only on song but also on poem or poetry. Figurative language is language that uses words or expression with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. So, the writer chooses selected 5 lyrics of songs from Christina Perri based on the theme about love.

The author hopes that this research can provide a lot of information and to help readers understand the figures of speech and meanings in the album Christina

Perri. And that helps students The Department of English how to learn style to get an understanding of the meaning of figurative language. My reason is to raise the title of this paper, because I experienced the same love life as the songwriter,

Cristina Perris. Because there is song lyrics that touch my heart as well as my love with the idol of the heart (boyfriend) with the same situation on the song arm.

From the explanation above, it can be concluded that figurative language is the way author or writer express his thoughts and the inner felling. The writer of the researcher chooses interesting figurative languages and good meanings to

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invite listeners‟ interest in the song. Referring to the important of figurative language used in lyric of song, the writer of the writer intends to conduct a study about figurative language, entitles:

“A Description of Figurative Language found in Christina Perri’s Lyrics of

Songs”

1.2 Problem of the Study

Related of the background of the study as described above, the researcher formulates the research problem in this research as follows:

1. What kinds of figurative language are found in Christina Perri‟s lyrics song?

2. What are the Meanings of each figurative language found in Christina Perri‟s lyrics song?

1.3 The Purpose of Study

Based on the statement of research problem above, the purpose of the study is:

1.To find out the kinds of Figurative language are found in Christina Perri‟s lyrics song.

2. To know the Meaning of each from figurative language found in Christina

Perri‟s lyrics of song.

1.4 The Scope of the Study

The description of this study is focused on the figurative language found in selected lyric song of Cristina Perri. The figurative language found in Cristina

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Perri‟s chosen lyrics is six, namely hyperbole, rhetoric, repetition, personification, paradox, parallelism.

1.5 Significances of the Study

1. Theoretically

Referring to the purpose of the study above, the result of this study is expected to give worthy contribution for all people who want to study English literature. So, the results of this study provide information in choosing interesting figurative language and good meaning to invite listeners to the song. Thus, the results of this study provide additional information or references for other researchers interested in the study of literature about a description figurative language. The findings of this study are also expected to give contributions to

Students of the English Language Education Department, especially in Indonesia learn about Parables, Metaphor, Personification, and Hyperbole.

2. Practically

The result of this study is hopefully will be use full for the reader, the students, the writer, and the future writer because this study is expected to give and develop the description about the theory of figurative language and appreciate the literary works, especially song. Understanding figurative language will make the students or readers easier to catch the kind and meaning found in selected song lyric of Christina Perri.

1.6 The Method of the Study

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The author uses the description method in doing this paper by reading and studying several books. In addition, the author will also look for sources on the internet to enrich information related to the topic to find out the types of figurative language to describe the meaning of each figurative language. Which is concerned with problems and to collect data. As follows:

1. Interpreting data or choose data (Cristina Perri‟s song lyrics) to be analyzed

2. Identify lyrics included in figurative language by making them underlined.

3. Classifying data (Cristina Perri‟s song lyrics) into several types of figurative languages.

4. A description the data and find out most of the figurative languages used.

5. Make conclusions based on data analysis.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the result of reviewing of some theories that are relevant to the problem. The literature review consisted of the song, lyric, figurative language, and meanings.

2.1 Song

The definition of song is much, from the different source give the similar explanation. In Cambridge Dictionary Third edition, “song is a usually short piece of music with words which are sung”. Meanwhile in Oxford Learner‟s Pocket

Dictionary, “it is explained that song is a piece of music with words that is sung or music for the voice singing”. It may be a song is a composition for voice or voices, performed by singing or use instrumental. A song may be for a solo singer, a duet, trio, or larger ensemble involving more voices. Songs with more than one voice to a part are considered choral works. Songs can be broadly divided into many different forms, depending on the criteria used. One division is between "art songs", "pop songs", and "folk songs". A song is a piece of music for accompanied or unaccompanied voice/voices or “the act or art of singing”.

From Wikipedia, a song is an artistic form of expression based on sound, generally considered a single (and often stand-alone) work of music with distinct and fixed pitches, pattern, and form. The word of song is typically of a poetic, rhyming nature, although they may be religious verses or free prose.

From the explanation above, the researcher can explain that song and music are in one unity, they cannot separate from each other. Song is words that

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are sung, and beside in music, song also appear in plays, musical plays, stage shows of any form, and within operas.

2.2 Lyric

In Cambridge Dictionary Third Edition, lyric is a short poem which expresses the personal thoughts and feelings of the person who wrote it. Lyric can also interpret as written words created specifically for music or for which music is specifically created. The differences between poem and song may become less meaningful where verse is set to music, to the point that any different becomes unattainable. This perhaps recognized by in the way popular songs have lyrics.

To produce a good lyric of song, the author composes beautiful lyric, the lyric of song usually using implicit or explicit meaning to get result desired.

Relating to song, lyric is song words or the words of song. From the definitions of lyric above, the researcher can explain that a lyric is designed to be sung by the human voice and heard with music, and the good lyric if combined with the music.

2.3 Figurative Languages

Figurative language is language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. It cannot be understood literary because the words are used in non- literal sense. Reaske (1966:33) said

“figurative language as language, which employs various figures of speech on kind of language, which departs from the language employed in the traditional, literal ways of describing person or objects”. Figurative language can also use to express of feeling like express theme, ideas, and feeling of the author. Usually it is

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used in the situation and the condition of the fact. The author Write the literary work using language as the instrument. Language can influence the reader and make the positive effect.

The focus of this study is to Description of figurative language that used in lyrics of song. In song, there is some figurative language. In order that, the researcher want to show what is the figurative language used in the song. In here, the researcher chooses research of Christina Perri. In almost all of her song lyrics, figurative language could be found.

The songs of Christina Perri‟s are interesting to be heard although the song of long time ago. The lyric of Christina Perri has a hidden meaning. But, if listening to the music without know the meaning, it is useful. Listening English music also must know the meaning in order to it is interesting. The writer explains

10 kinds of figurative. They are Simile, Metaphor, hyperbole, Personification,

Metonymy, synecdoche, repetition, Irony, Rhetoric, parallelism. They are several kinds of figurative language, As follows:

2.3.1 Simile

Simile is a direct comparison between things which are not particularly similar in this essence. According to Keraf (2009:138) “simile is composition that have an explicit character. Explicit here mean that directly comparing thing that similar with other, indicates by the word or phrase such as like, as, then, similar, resemble or seems. Resale (1966:41) said “a simile calls attention to be comparison using the word “like” or “as”.

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Based on the theory, simile is comparing two things indirectly, and using the word like or as. In other words, simile is a direct comparison of two things, which are unlike in their sense.

For example: „Your eyes like a star‟

In the example use connective words like. The word „her eyes‟ is compared with a star. The means is her eyes are brightness like a star in the sky with a glitter.

2.3.2 Metaphor

According to Keraf (2009:139) “metaphor is a figure of speech which compares two things directly, but in a simple form”. Metaphor cannot use word

„like‟, „such as‟, „as‟, „similar to‟, and „resemble‟. Reaske (1966:36) said

“metaphors are figure of speech which compares one thing to another directly”.

Example: „She is a most beautiful ladies in my village‟

The means is she is a most beautiful ladies compare with other ladies in their village.

2.3.3 Hyperbole

Mentioned by Keraf (2009:135), “Hyperbole is figure of speech which contains a point statement of exaggeration as it is”. Hyperbole is an exaggeration more than the fact. The language can make attention to the reader and it is an exaggeration of object. According to Reaske, (1966:34), “hyperbole is figure of speech which employs exaggeration”.

Example: “I will love you for a thousand years” (a thousand years)

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The means of example is the word „thousand years‟ is an exaggeration. It is impossible to life until a thousand years because a people life not until a thousand years.

2.3.4 Personification

Keraf (2009:140), said “Personification is the figurative language that describe a non-life things or non-human object abstraction or ideas able to act like human being”. Meanwhile according to Reaske (1966:88) personification is the process of assigning human characteristic to nonhuman objects, abstractions and ideas. Personification is a figure of speech in which a thing, an animal, or an abstract term (truth, natural) is made by human.

Example: “The sunrise smiling with me”

In the example „sunrise is an object‟ and it is a non-human. So, the sunrise cannot smile with the human.

2.3.5 Symbol

A symbol may be roughly defined as something that means more than what it is. (Perrine, 1992, p.628). It means that a symbol uses a word or phrase which is familiar in society and has one meaning. To support the definition,

(Perrine, p.629) give an example:

A WHITE ROSE

By: John Boyle (1844-1890)

The red rose whisper of passion,

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And the white rose breathes of love;

Oh, the red rose is a falcon,

And the white rose is a dove.

But I send you a creme-white rosebud,

With a flush on its petal tips;

For the love that is pure stand sweetest

Has a kiss of desire on the lips?

In this poem, the author uses symbol as his language style. The symbol is “rose”

2.3.6 Synecdoche

Mentioned by Keraf (2009:142), “synecdoche is a figurative locution that used a part in order to signify the whole”. Synecdoche divides into two parts: they are Pars pro toto and Totem property. Pars pro toto here means a part for the whole, then Totem property is when the whole things stand for its part. It is important to remember that only the most essential part be used to represent the whole.

Example: Can I call you, you're mine (because Calling is the name of the person in love).

2.3.7 Repetition

Repetition is figure of speech, which used by writer to repeat several words in the sentence. As mentioned by Keraf (2009:127) repetition is repeating sound, words or a whole of word in sentence for intensifying in suitable context.

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Example: “Put your arms for me (Arms)

Put your arms around me “The example is repetition. Repetition usually is used to give stressing.

2.3.8 Irony

According to Keraf (2009:143), “irony is figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words”. In simple words, it is a difference between the appearance and the reality. Reaske (1966:35) also stated “irony deals with result from the contrast between the actual meaning of a word or a statement and suggestion of another meaning”.

Example: “I can see my future sleep away” (Song Burning gold)

The above example is irony, seeing that he has a hopeless future, but at first, he says using the soft word to ridicule. This explains what the subject conveyed is far different from what was expected.

2.3.9 Rhetoric

As it is mentioned by Prasetyono (2011:52) “rhetoric is a figure of speech by question, which actually does not need to be answered because the answer of the questioner is already contained in the question”.

Example: “Did you know what I feel?”

“Do you feel the way I do right now?” (Song of Distance)

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The example, the writer cannot need answer from the listener because the answer contained in the question.

2.3.10 Parallelism

According to Keraf, (2009:126) “Parallelism is a figurative language to achieve consistency in the use of words or phrases that occupied the same function in the same grammatical form example: “The girl that has black or white skin both is beautiful because a beautiful cannot looking from the skin”.

Example: And I crash, and I break down (song of human)

In the example, it is to shows Situation position of heart. So, it includes parallelism.

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CHAPTER III

THE DESCRIPTION

3.1 Meaning of figure of Speech

3.1.1 Hyperbole

1.This sentence includes into hyperbole. It is describe feeling from beloved which she is very love with her boyfriend. She is waiting her beloved until feel died every day. Actual, she is cannot died every day. But she used it words to express her feeling. This style is called hyperbole.

I have died every day waiting for you (a thousand years, line 8th)

2. This sentence includes into hyperbole. It is description someone cannot life until thousand years. So, it means that she will love her beloved until she died.

I have loved you for a thousand years, I'll love you for a thousand more (a thousand years, line 10th and line 11th)

3.This sentence includes into hyperbole, in here the writer illustrate that she is beautiful and describe like a blue sky.

You’re my bright blue sky (Be my forever, line 22nd)

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4.This sentence includes into hyperbole. It means their beloved can give colors life and can give support in their life.

You’re the sun in my eyes (Be my forever, line 23rd)

5.The writer also finds hyperbole in the “Be my forever” song and the lyric

“You're perfect in every way”. This includes hyperbole because it exaggerates words. The best meaning according to the writer is that the singer‟s boyfriend is very perfect, he is handsome, kind, faithful and loves her very much. In fact, no one is perfect. This lyric is found in line 18.

You’re the sun in my eyes (Be my forever, line 23rd)

6.The next figurative language that the writer finds in “Be my forever” song is, the lyric “Baby you‟re my life”. This lyric exaggerates words because the life is not just our couple. Our life is made by our dream and effort. And how to bring the dream can be realized. This lyric is found in line 36.

Baby you're my life (Be my forever, line 36th)

7.This sentence includes into hyperbole. It is a hyperbole because how can someone build a story head. Someone can build a story in a diary or in a note.

Build a story in my head (Day dream, line 4th)

8.This sentence includes into hyperbole. It is also included hyperbole because someone cannot break the heart. The means of the line is a do not make she hurt.

Please don't break my heart (Day dream, line 8th)

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9.This sentence includes into hyperbole. In here, it means is that the writer can to not speak and she just silent. She did not want many to say with other people or with her beloved.

I can bite my tongue (Human, line 2nd)

10.This sentence includes into hyperbole. The means is what did the boy said is very hurt the girl like knives in her heart. The words of him is injure the girl.

Your words in my head, knives in my heart (Human, line 18th)

11.This sentence includes into hyperbole. In here means, the boy give support to the girl, but after that he drop the girl until she have not spirit and she feel fall apart. She is hurt with her beloved.

You build me up and then I fall apart (Human, line 19th)

12.This sentence includes into hyperbole. The writer would like to extend she can do everything to her beloved.

I can hold the weight of worlds (Human, line 23rd)

2.3.2 Rhetoric

13.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The means is the writer loves with someone, but the writer afraid if her hurt.

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How can I love when I'm afraid to fall? (A thousand years, line 4th)

14.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The means is the writer want to know what the boy is will love her forever.

Will you love me forever? (Be my forever, line 27th)

15.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The means the writer confused about all of phone calls in late night.

What's with all the late night liquor phone calls? (Mine, line 5th)

16.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer asking to him what he is did for the writer.

What? What might you do? (Mine, line 9th)

17.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The means is the writer cannot love with him.

To find out why I can't love you? (Mine, line 14th)

18.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer think it is not cool if he asked her many questions.

And who said it was cool to be asking me these questions? (Mine, line 16th)

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19. This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer cannot kiss with him.

To put your lips upon my lips? (Mine, line 20th)

20.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer asking to him about what is happen.

And how did this happen? (Mine, line 21st)

21.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer asking to him why he laugh, what is him laughed.

And why are you laughing? (Mine, line 22nd)

22.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer ask can she back together again.

And how do I get back together again? (Mine, line 23rd)

23.This sentence includes into rhetoric. It is a question, but this question cannot need answer because the answer contained in the question. The writer asking to him what he is did for the writer.

What? What might you do? (Mine, line 9th)

2.3.3 Repetition

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24.This sentence includes into repetition. The writer describe that she will love her beloved forever until she died. This sentence also shows that she very love with her beloved.

I have loved you for a thousand years, I'll love you for a thousand more (A thousand years, line 10th)

25.This sentence includes into repetition. It means that she doesn‟t want left with her beloved, she just want always near and together forever with him.

One step closer, one step closer (A thousand years, line 24th)

26.This sentence includes into repetition. It is a repetition because the writer determining in this word that it is her own self.

And it's mine, mine, mine, mine, mine, mine (Mine, line 4th)

27.This sentence includes into repetition. It is also repetition because the writer repeats the same word to give pressuring.

What? What might you do? What? What might you do? (Mine, line 21st)

28.This sentence includes into repetition. It is also repetition because the writer repeats the same word to give pressuring. The means is the writer want to know what is the happen.

To find out why, to find out why (Mine, line 23rd)

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29.This sentence includes into repetition. It is also repetition because the writer repeats the same word to give pressuring. The writer gives pressuring that she cannot love him.

I can't love you, I can't love you, I can't love you (Mine, line 25th)

30.This sentence includes into repetition. It is a repetition because the writer repeats a same word. And the means is the writer does not want to listen what the boy say.

Don't open your mouth, open your mouth (Day dream, line 10th)

31.This sentence includes into repetition. The writer want to all about her daydream spoiled in order to she wake up from her daydream.

Spoil it now, spoil it now (Day dream, line 12th)

32.This sentence includes into repetition. The writer repeats the same word to give pressuring. She shows that she can.

I can do it, I can do it, I can do it (Human, line 11th)

33.This sentence includes into repetition. It is a pressuring that the writer shows us she is a little human.

I'm only human, I'm only human (Human, line 26th)

2.3.4 Personification

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process of assigning human characteristic to nonhuman objects, abstractions and ideas. Personification is a figure of speech in which a thing, an animal, or an abstract term (truth, natural) is made by human.

34.This sentence includes into personification. The writer describe that the time is change, and it is brought heart to her. In other word, time can change everything included feeling a person.

Time has brought your heart to me (A thousand years, line 21st)

2.3.5. Paradox

Mentioned by Keraf (2009:136), “paradox is a figure speech that contain real contradiction with someting true”. Reaske (1966:38) said “paradox result when a poet present a pair of ideas,words, images or attitude which are, or appear to be self contradictiory”. In other word, paradox is a condition that not likes the fact.This research reveals that out of 5 song lyrics, 1 of them contain paradox and the data are:

35.This sentence includes into paradox. It is a real contradiction with something true, that actual time still spins.

Time stands still (A thousand years, line 12th)

2.3.6. Parallelism

According to Keraf, (2009:126) “Parallelism is a figurative language to achieve consistency in the use of words or phrases that occupied the same function in the same grammatical form. This research reveals that out of 5 song lyrics, 1 of them contain parallelism and the data are:

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36.This sentence includes into parallelism. The means is the writer wants them both seeing themselves. In conclusion, the meaning of this song is a girl‟s dream to the boy, but she aware that it just dreaming.

Watching me, watching you (Day dream, line 14th)

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CHAPTER 4

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

From the description that have been done, the writer finds that there are 31 sentences containing figurative language in Christina Perri's songs in the album

Head or heart. All these terms are divided into five categories. There is personification, metaphor, symbol, Simile and hyperbole based on Perrine's theory. The writer only discovers Perrine's figurative language (1992) and keraf

(1991) find because these terms are a common type of figurative language that is mostly used to analyze song lyrics to make it sound more beautiful.

The Song writers use this figurative language to show that song lyrics are not used as everyday language and that it will make listeners / readers make their own interpretations. This is important because it gives people a good picture when they read something. The songwriter also wants to show listeners that the language he hears for the song is a language that people commonly use in everyday life.

In addition, the authors found that Perrine's (1992) and Keraf (1991) theory provided support for analyzing data and there was a relationship between the song and figurative language used in Christina Perri's songs in the album Head or heart. So, this theory has a function between the song and figurative language used in Christina Perri's songs in the album Head or heart. So, this theory has a function to analyze figurative language to the reader. Perrine and Keraf provide an

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explanation of the types of figurative language such as Personification,

Metaphor, Symbol, Simile and Hyperbole.

4.2 Suggestion

Based on the results of the findings, the researcher proposes some suggestions, but it doesn‟t mean that the data is perfect findings. For the reader and the other researcher who are interested in analyzing literary works especially about song lyric. It is suggested to understand the whole of song.

Understanding the figurative language, it will make the other researcher feel interesting and easier to catch the meaning even the theme of the song.

Besides, for the further researcher it is hoped that this thesis can be used as references to conduct another research on figurative language in other object.

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REFERENCE

Arikunto, Suharsimi. 2010. Manajemen Penelitian. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta.

Ary, D., Razavieh, A. & Jacob, L. C. 1972. In Introduction to Research in

Education. Belmont: Wads Worth/ Thomson Learning.

Dwi wahyuni, Anita. 2013. Figurative languages found in kahlil gibran’s selected poems. Thesis S1. Stain tulungagung.

Keraf, Gorys. 2009. Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka

Utama

Lestari, Linda (2008). Figures of Speech Used in Marie Claire and Gentlemen’s

Quarterly

Advertisements. Undergraduate Thesis. English Department Faculty of Letters

Petra Christian University.

Meyer, Michael. 1988. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Boston: Bedford

Book of St, Martis Press.

Prasetyono, Dwi Sunar. 2011. Buku Lengkap Majas dan 3.000 Peribahasa.

Jogjakarta: DIVA Press

Perrine (1992). Figurative Language and Thought. Oxford University Press.

Reaske, Christopher Russel. 1966. How to Analyze Poetry. New York: Monarch

Press.

Tarigan, H. G. 1986. Pengajaran Semantic. Bandung: Angkasa.

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Zeid, Mestika. 2004. Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor

Indonesia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Perri https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_or_Heart http://literarydevices.net/hyperbole http://www.directlyrics.com/christina-perri-head-or-heart-album-lyrics-news.html www.ehow.com/about_5470479_definition-figurative-language.html

Oxford Pocket Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cambridge Advanced Learner‟s Dictionary Third Edition

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APPENDICES

A. Biography of Christina Perri’s

Christina Perri‟s (born 19.8.1986) Christina Perri is a Philadelphia-born songwriter and musician. Her career breakthrough came with the popularity of her song „Jar of Heart‟. Childhood: Christina Perri was raised in Bensalem,

Pennsylvania, along with her brother Nick Perri, who was a guitarist in the bands

Shinedown and Silver tide and with Perri Farrell. Christina taught herself how to play guitar, mainly by watching tapes of Shannon Holon of Blind Melon. She attended Archbishop Ryan High School.

Music Career: Christina Perri moved to Los Angeles on the day that she turned 21. She married but divorced her husband 18 months later and moved back to Philadelphia. During this period, she wrote „Jar of Heart‟ which would become

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a hit for her. When she returned to Los Angeles, she spent her days working as a waitress at Melrose café and spent the evenings recording music. ‟Jar or Heart‟ was first featured on the US TV talent show So You Think You Can Dance in

June 2010. This came about after one of Christina‟s friends had passed the song to the choreographer Stacey Tooley. Both Christina and her friend were in the audience watching the performance. Following its use in the show, the track sold

48,000 digital copies, debuting at number 63 on the Billboard Hot 100. Within a month, it had sold over 100,000. Perri then recorded a video for track, which ended up in the VHI Top 20 music video countdown. Her live TV debut came in

July on CBS‟ The Early Show. Because of the attention she had attracted, as well as her online sales, Christina Perri signed a deal with Atlantic Records in July

2010, Whilst Roadrunner Records continued to promote „Jar of Heart‟ on US radio. Christina Perri continued to make several high-profile TV appearances, including The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and Conan.

In November 2010, Perri released an EP entitled The Ocean Way Sessions, featuring the tracks „Bang Bang Bang‟, „Black & Blue‟, „Daydream‟ and

„Tragedy„, as well „Jar of Hearts‟. The debut full-length album from Christina

Perri, entitled love strong, was released in May 2011. The lead single from the album, ‟Arms‟was released on March 15, 2011 and she performed on the Late

Show with David Letterman in support of its released. Another track from Perri,

„A Thousand Years‟ appeared on the soundtrack to The Twilight Saga: Breaking

Dawn, starring Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson. Perri is a self-confessed fan of the novel and movie trilogy. In January 2012, she announced that the song had been certified Gold, meaning it had sold 500,000 copies or more.

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She performed „Arms‟ on the November 1st results show for ABC‟s

Dancing with the Stars. That month, she also performed „Jar of Heart‟ on Strictly

Come Dancing. Christina Perri‟s image has led to her being featured in tattooed magazine, such as Inked. She has 38 tattoos in total and says that she has been getting tattooed since the age of 15. Her family were reportedly unhappy with them at first but now that she has found success in her music career, they think they are „cute‟.

B. The 5 Lyrics song of Cristina Perri‟s

1. "Daydream"

Finally your time has come Now's my chance to turn and run Like I always do

Build a story in my head It was love before we met Happy, with my idea with you

Stay where you are Please don't break my heart

Love you in my daydream Don't open your mouth, open your mouth Everything I'll ever need Spoil it now, spoil it now You stood up and I fell down

Watching me, watching you I know what you wanna do But I'm afraid of my wish coming true

So I paint a picture in my mind, that I go back to older times It's better than being with you

Stay where you are

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Please don't break my heart

Love you in my daydream Don't open your mouth, open your mouth Everything I'll ever need Spoil it now, spoil it now You stood up and I fell down

I don't know how to come down I was lost and now I am found You stood up and I fell down

Love you in my daydream Don't open your mouth, open your mouth Everything I'll ever need Spoil it now, spoil it now

Love you in my daydream

2. "A Thousand Years" (from "The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - Part 1" soundtrack)

Heart beats fast Colours and promises How to be brave? How can I love when I'm afraid to fall? But watching you stand alone All of my doubt Suddenly goes away somehow

One step closer

I have died every day waiting for you Darling, don't be afraid I have loved you for a thousand years I'll love you for a thousand more

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Time stands still Beauty in all she is I will be brave I will not let anything take away What's standing in front of me Every breath Every hour has come to this

One step closer

I have died every day waiting for you Darling, don't be afraid I have loved you for a thousand years I'll love you for a thousand more

And all along I believed I would find you Time has brought your heart to me I have loved you for a thousand years I'll love you for a thousand more

One step closer One step closer

I have died every day waiting for you Darling, don't be afraid I have loved you for a thousand years I'll love you for a thousand more

And all along I believed I would find you Time has brought your heart to me I have loved you for a thousand years I'll love you for a thousand more

3. Be my forever We're on top of the world We're on top of the world Now darling, so don't let go Can I call you mine? So can I call you mine now, darling For a whole life time? My heart finally trusts my mind And I know somehow it's right

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And, oh, we got time, yeah So darling, just say you'll stay right by my side And, oh, we got love, yeah So darling, just swear you'll stand right by my side

We're on top of the world We're on top of the world Now darling, so don't let go I've got something to say You're perfect in every way I'm gonna shout it out I wanna tell you now 'Cause I know somehow it's right

And, oh, we got time, yeah So darling, just say you'll stay right by my side And, oh, we got love, yeah Darling, just swear you'll stand right by my side

Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever

You're my bright blue sky You're the sun in my eyes Oh baby, you're my life You're the reason why

We're on top of the world We're on top of the world Now darling, so don't let go 1, 2, 3, 4 And, oh, we got time, yeah We got love So darling, just swear you'll stay right by my side Oh and we got love Yeah So darling, just swear you'll stay right by my side

Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever

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Be my forever

Will you love me forever? I'll love you forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever Be my forever

4. Mine wait a minute, i don‟t want you to know it‟s the only way that i might grow a secret‟s safe behind a pretty smile and it‟s mine, mine, mine, mine, mine, mine what‟s with all the late night liquored phone calls? i don‟t think your lover likes me at all a secret‟s safe behind a pretty smile but it‟s mine, mine, mine, mine, mine, mine what? what might you do to find out why i can‟t love you? i can‟t love you and who said it was cool to be asking me these questions? your “who, what, and when, where and why” are making my head spin and when was it an option to put your lips upon my lips? and how did this happen? and why are you laughing? and how do i get back together again? oh oh oh oh ohhh…. what? what might you do? and what? what might you do? to find out why to find out why i can‟t love you i can‟t love you i can‟t love you!

5. Human

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I can hold my breath I can bite my tongue I can stay awake for days If that's what you want Be your number one I can fake a smile I can force a laugh I can dance and play the part If that's what you ask Give you all I am I can do it I can do it I can do it But I'm only human And I bleed when I fall down I'm only human And I crash and I break down Your words in my head, knives in my heart You build me up and then I fall apart 'Cause I'm only human, yeah I can turn it on Be a good machine I can hold the weight of worlds If that's what you need Be your everything I can do it I can do it I'll get through it But I'm only human And I bleed when I fall down I'm only human And I crash and I break down Your words in my head, knives in my heart You build…

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